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THE PRESENCE OF 5208/($526($ (L.) ECKL. (IRIDACEAE: CROCOIDEAE) ADVENTICIOUS IN CHILE, AND INVALIDATION OF &$/<'25($&+,/(16,6M.MUÑOZ

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Romulea rosea ,ULGDFHDH&URFRLGHDH DVSHFLHVRULJLQDORI6RXWK$IULFDLVFLWHGIRUWKH¿UVWWLPHIRU&KLOH7KH VSHFLHV LV GHVFULEHG DQG WKHUHIRUH Calydorea chilensis 00XxR] SXEOLVKHG UHFHQWO\ LV UHGXFHG WR QRPHQFODWXUDO synonym.

/D IDPLOLD ,ULGDFHDH HV XQ JUXSR PRQR¿OpWLFR HVSHFLHVHQ1RUWHDPpULFD *ROGEODWWet al  SHUWHQHFLHQWHDORUGHQ$VSDUDJDOHVFRQWLHQHFHUFD (Q HO VXU GH 6XGDPpULFD VH KDQ FLWDGR GHHVSHFLHVGLVWULEXLGDVHQDOUHGHGRUGHD UHFLHQWHPHQWH  JpQHURV  HVSHFLHV QDWLYDV JpQHURV 5HHYHVet al.*ROGEODWW 6H  HVSHFLHV GH HOODV HQGpPLFDV WRGDV GH OD FDUDFWHUL]DSRUODSUHVHQFLDGHKRMDVLVRELODWHUDOHV VXEIDPLOLD ,ULGRLGHDH  \  HVSHFLHV DGYHQWLFLDV HO RYDULR tQIHUR \ ODV ÀRUHV FRQ WUHV HVWDPEUHV dos pertenecientes a la subfamilia Iridoideae y ocho (V GH GLVWULEXFLyQ FRVPRSROLWD \ VX FHQWUR GH HVSHFLHVGHODVXEIDPLOLD&URFRLGHDH 5RLWPDQet UDGLDFLyQHVWiHQÈIULFDGRQGHWLHQHFHUFDGH al  HVSHFLHVPXFKDVGHODVFXDOHVHVWiQUHVWULQJLGDVDO 3DUD &KLOH VH KDQ PHQFLRQDGR  HVSHFLHV \ VXUGHOFRQWLQHQWH *ROGEODWWet al.  WD[RQHVLQIUDHVSHFt¿FRVQDWLYDVHQGpPLFDV (O SULPHU DQiOLVLV ¿ORJHQpWLFR GH OD IDPLOLD \ GRV LQWURGXFLGDV &URFRVPLD [ FURFRVPLLÀRUD *ROGEODWW   HV OD EDVH GH OD PiV UHFLHQWH /HPRLQH H[ %XUELGJH HW 'HDQ  1(%U H Iris FODVL¿FDFLyQ HQ OD FXDO VH UHFRQRFHQ FXDWUR pseudacorus/ 5RGUtJXH] 0DUWLFRUHQD  VXEIDPLOLDV ,VRSK\VLGRLGHDH FRQ XQ JpQHUR Durante la preparación del manuscrito para el PRQRHVSHFt¿FR 1LYHQLRLGHDH  JpQHURV FRQ  &DWiORJR GH OD )ORUD GHO &RQR 6XU GH OD IDPLOLD HVSHFLHV,ULGRLGHDHJpQHURVFRQHVSHFLHV GH ODV ,ULGDFHDH 5RLWPDQet al.   HO SULPHU \&URFRLGHDH LQFOX\H,[LRLGHDH JpQHURVFRQ DXWRUSXGRREVHUYDUTXHXQHMHPSODUGHKHUEDULR 875 especies. SURYHQLHQWH GH OD 5HJLyQ GHO 0DXOH HQ &KLOH \ /D VXEIDPLOLD ,ULGRLGHDH GH DPSOLD descrito como una nueva especie de Calydorea GLVWULEXFLyQKDVLGRVXEGLYLGLGDHQFXDWURWULEXV SDUD &KLOH 0XxR]6FKLFN   DSDUHQWHPHQWH OD WULEX 6LV\ULQFKLHDH FRQ HVSHFLHV HQ HO 1XHYR SHUWHQHFtD DO JpQHUR Romulea ,ULGDFHDH 0XQGR \ HQ HO 3DFt¿FR ODV WULEXV 7ULPH]LHDH \ &URFRLGHDH 2EVHUYDFLRQHVGHIRWRVGHLQGLYLGXRV 7LJULGLHDHUHVWULQJLGDVD$PpULFD\ODWULEX,ULGHDH HQ FXOWLYR \ QXHYDV REVHUYDFLRQHV HQ WHUUHQR SULQFLSDOPHQWHGHO9LHMR0XQGRSHURFRQDOJXQDV SHUPLWLHURQ FRQ¿UPDU TXH VH WUDWD GH Romulea

 Romulea roseaDGYHQWLFLDHQ&KLOHROITMAN*ET AL. rosea /  (FNO HVSHFLH RULJLQDULD GH 6XGiIULFD Romulea HV XQ JpQHUR GH ,ULGDFHDH FHUFD GH 'H 9RV 0DQQLQJ  *ROGEODWW   TXH Crocus TXH FRPSUHQGH DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  habita en pastizales secos y rocosos. HVSHFLHVFRQGRVFHQWURVGHGLVWULEXFLyQ2HVWHGH (Q DJRVWR GHO DxR  OD WHUFHUD DXWRUD (XURSD\6XG$IULFD 'H9RV%U\DQ  HQFRQWUy XQD SREODFLyQ FUHFLHQGR HQ VXHORV /DSULPHUDPHQFLyQGHXQDHVSHFLHGHHVWHJpQHUR DUHQRVRVHQ4XLQWD\OXJDUFRVWHURGHOD5HJLyQGH para Chile corresponde a Romulea macowanii 9DOSDUDtVR )LJ HOORVXPDGRDOSULPHUHQFXHQWUR %DNHU 3KLOLSSL   SHUR KDVWD HO PRPHQWR FRQ OD HVSHFLH LQGLFDUtD TXH HV GH LQWURGXFFLyQ QR KD\ UHIHUHQFLDV GH TXH VH KD\D HVFDSDGR GH relativamente reciente. cultivo.

FIGURA 1$&RUPRFRQGLHQWHVHQHOiSLFH 6*2 %'HWDOOHGHOIUXWRHQIRUPDFLyQGHSODQWDVFXOWLYDGDVHQ OD8QLYHUVLGDGGH7DOFD )RWRV$GH60RUHLUD%GH6+DKQ  FIGURE 1.$&RUPZLWKOLWWOHWHHWKVDWWKHDSH[ 6*2 %'HWDLORIWKHLPPDWXUHIUXLWFXOWLYDWHGDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\ RI7DOFD 3KRWRJUDSKV$IURP60RUHLUD%IURP6+DKQ 

/D SUHVHQWH FRQWULEXFLyQ DGHPiV GH DJUHJDU 3ODQWDKHUEiFHDJHy¿WDGHD  FPGH una nueva especie adventicia a esta región de DOWRFRUPRUHGRQGHDGRFRQORVFDWi¿ORVWHUPLQDGRV 6XGDPpULFDUHGXFHDODVLQRQLPLDXQDHVSHFLHGH HQ¿QRVGLHQWHVGHPPGHODUJR )LJ Calydorea descrita recientemente. Se concluye $ +RMDVDEDVDOHV¿OLIRUPHVDQJRVWDPHQWH HQWRQFHV TXH HQ &KLOH H[LVWH XQD VROD HVSHFLH WHWUiJRQDVFDQDOLFXODGDVGHDFPGHODUJRSRU de Calydorea, C. xiphioides 3RHSS  (VSLQRVD DPPGHDQFKR(VFDSRXQLÀRURFRQEUiFWHD (VSLQRVD  H[WHULRU FRQ HO PDUJHQ PHPEUDQiFHR DQJRVWR \ ODLQWHULRUFRQPDUJHQDQFKRPHPEUDQiFHR\GH Romulea rosea /  (FNO 7RSRJU 9HU] FRORUFDVWDxR)ORUHVFDPSDQXODGDVURVDGDVURMDV 3ÀDQ]HQVDPPO(FNORQ R EODQFDV XVXDOPHQWH FRQ XQDV UD\DV SXUS~UHDV %DVLyQLPRIxia rosea/6\VW1DW VREUHHOWXERTXHHVDPDULOORYHUGRVRGHWDPDxR Calydorea chilensis 00XxR] *D\DQD %RW  EDVWDQWHYDULDEOHFRQWpSDORVGHDPPGH  ORQJLWXG (VWDPEUHV FRQ ORV ¿ODPHQWRV HUHFWRV

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FDQDOLFXODGRVHQODFDUDLQWHUQDGHDPPGH 2 &URVD FRP SHUV  7DPELpQ H[LVWHQ GDWRV ODUJROLEUHVHQWUHVtLQVHUWRVHQHOWXERGHOSHULJRQLR GH HVWDU QDWXUDOL]DGD HQ (XURSD 1XHYD =HODQGLD DQWHUDVGHDPPGHODUJRIRUPDQGRXQWXER \ &DOLIRUQLD HQ ((88 GRQGH OD OODPDQ ³URV\ (VWLOR¿OLIRUPHDSHQDVH[HUWRRPiVFRUWRTXHHO VDQGFURFXV´ X ³RQLRQ JUDVV´ KWWSHQZLNLSHGLD WXERHVWDPLQDOFRQUDPDVFRUWDVHVWLJPiWLFDVHQ RUJZLNL5RPXOHDBURVHD  la mitad de su parte libre3HG~QFXORÀRUDOFXUYRDO FRPLHQ]R )LJ% HUHFWRDODPDGXUH]GHOIUXWR 2EVHUYDFLRQHV(VXQDHVSHFLHGHDVSHFWRYDULDEOH )UXWRFiSVXODWULORFXODUGHKLVFHQWHSRUORVGHVX HVSHFLDOPHQWH HQ OR TXH UHVSHFWD DO WDPDxR HQ ORQJLWXG6HPLOODVUHGRQGHDGDVGHDPPGH JHQHUDO\DOFRORUGHVXVÀRUHV(Q&KLOHWDQWRHQ GLiPHWURGHFRORUFDVWDxRFODUR 0DXOHFRPRHQOD]RQDGH4XLQWD\ODVÀRUHVVRQ URVDGDV )LJ DEUHQHQJHQHUDOHQWUHODV\ MATERIAL ESTUDIADO &+,/( 9,, 5HJLyQ GHO K\SXHGHGDUKDVWDÀRUHVSRUSODQWD$OSULQFLSLR 0DXOH 3URYLQFLD 7DOFD &XUHSWR 9,,, HOSHG~QFXORÀRUDOHVWHQGLGRSHURDPHGLGDTXH ) 6FKLDSSDFDVVH VQ 6*2  +RORWLSR GH DEUH OD ÀRU VH YD SRQLHQGR HUHFWR 6XHOH FUHFHU Calydorea chilensis  9 5HJLyQ GH 9DOSDUDtVR HQ VXHORV DUHQRVRV /DV ÀRUHV VH YXHOYHQ D]XOHV 4XLQWD\9,,,07(\]DJXLUUHVQ 6*2 OXHJRGHVHUSUHQVDGDVSDUDKHUEDULR/DSREODFLyQ  9,,,07(\]DJXLUUHVQ 6*2 REVHUYDGDHQ4XLQWD\HQXQDIUDQMDDQJRVWDGH   5HJLyQ GH 9DOSDUDtVRDFFHVR VXSHULRU D mVHHQFXHQWUDHQXQOXJDUGHHVWDFLRQDPLHQWRGH 3OD\D&KLFDGH4XLQWD\ ƒ¶´6ƒ¶´ YHKtFXORVRSHUWHQHFHDXQVLWLRVLQKDELWDUSRUOR : ,;00XxR] 6*2  cual no se le ve un futuro muy estable.

'LVWULEXFLyQ(QHOVXUGH6XGiIULFDHQOD5HJLyQ Se entrega la siguiente clave para diferenciar del Cabo. Ha sido encontrada asilvestrada en las especies de Calydorea y Romulea citadas en $XVWUDOLD 0DQQLQJ *ROGEODWW \HQ8UXJXD\ Chile.

FIGURA 2. Población de Romulea rosea4XLQWD\DJRVWR\GHWDOOHGHÀRU )RWRGH07(\]DJXLUUH  FIGURE 2. Population of Romulea rosea4XLQWD\$XJXVWDQGÀRZHUGHWDLO 3KRWRJUDSKE\07(\]DJXLUUH 

(QODGHVFULSFLyQGHCalydorea chilensisVHLQFOX\HQHVTXHPDVGHODSRVLFLyQ\IRUPDGHHVWDPEUHV\HVWLJPDV VHJ~Q*ROGEODWW  +HQULFK GHGLIHUHQWHVHVSHFLHVGHCalydorea\FRLQFLGHFRQXQDTXHDOOtHVLQGLFDGDFRPRCalydorea sp. 0XxR] (QHVH PRPHQWRQRVHSHUFDWyODDXWRUDGHODUWtFXORTXHDOJXQDVHVSHFLHVGHOJpQHURRomuleaWDPELpQSUHVHQWDQGHODPLVPDPDQHUDGLFKDV HVWUXFWXUDVTXHVRQXQDGHODVFODYHVSDUDGLIHUHQFLDUORVJpQHURV$OSDUHFHURomulea roseaHVXQDGHODVHVSHFLHVGHÀRUHVFKLFDV cuyos estigmas no sobrepasan a los estambres.

 Romulea roseaDGYHQWLFLDHQ&KLOHROITMAN*ET AL.

3ODQWDVSURYLVWDVGHEXOERVWXQLFDGRVGHFDWi¿ORVSURORQJDGRVSRUHOWDOOR,QÀRUHVFHQFLDHUHFWDFRQ ÀRUDV7pSDORVPX\GHOLFDGRVGHPPGHODUJRSRUPPGHDQFKR5DPDVGHOHVWLORGHD PPGHODUJROLEUHVHQFDVLODPLWDGGHVXODUJRDYHFHVEt¿GRVHQHOiSLFHCalydorea xiphioides 3ODQWDVSURYLVWDVGHFRUPRVFRQFDWi¿ORVFRUWRV\WHUPLQDGRVHQ¿QRVGLHQWHV,QÀRUHVFHQFLDXQLÀRUD FRQWpSDORV¿UPHV )ORUHVDPDULOODVDQDUDQMDGDVHQODJDUJDQWDFRQHOWXERÀRUDOGHPiVGHPPGHODUJR .....……………………………………………...... ……Romulea macowanii )ORUHVYLROiFHDVURVDGDVURMDVREODQFDVFRQODJDUJDQWDDPDULOODSURYLVWDGHOtQHDVSXUS~UHDVFRQ WXERÀRUDOGHPHQRVGHPPGHODUJR«««««««««««««Romulea rosea

$*5$'(&,0,(1726 MANNING, J.C. & P. GOLDBLATT  $ V\QRSWLF Romulea $O 'U -RKQ 0DQQLQJ HVSHFLDOLVWD PXQGLDO GHO review of ,ULGDFHDH &URFRLGHDH  LQ VXE6DKDUDQ$IULFD WKH$UDELDQ 3HQLQVXOD DQG 6RXWK$IULFDQ1DWLRQDO%LRGLYHUVLW\,QVWLWXWHSRUVX 6RFRWUDLQFOXGLQJQHZVSHFLHVELRORJLFDOQRWHV FRPHQWDULRVREUHHVWDHVSHFLH$6HUJLR0RUHLUDSRU DQGDQHZLQIUDJHQHULFFODVVL¿FDWLRQ$GDQVRQLD VXFRODERUDFLyQHQWHUUHQR\D6WHIIHQ+DKQ\3HUV\  *yPH]SRUVXFRODERUDFLyQHQLQIRUPDFLyQ\IRWRV MUÑOZ-SCHICK07UHVQXHYDVPRQRFRWLOHGyQHDV Alstroemeria mollensis GHODHVSHFLHFXOWLYDGDHQOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH7DOFD GHVFXELHUWDVHQ&KLOH 0 0XxR] HW %ULQFN $OVWURHPHULDFHDH  Miersia chilensis var. bicolor 00XxR] *LOOLHVLDFHDH  y Calydorea chilensis 00XxR] ,ULGDFHDH  %,%/,2*5$),$ *D\DQD%RWiQLFD   PHILIPPI )  /LVWD GH ODV SODQWDV LQFRUSRUDGDV DO BRYAN, J. 2002. %XOEV7LPEHU3UHVV2UHJRQSS -DUGtQ %RWiQLFR GHVGH HO ƒ GH PD\R GH  DE VOS 03  %\GUDH WRW GLH PRUSKRORJLH HQ Romulea KDVWD HO ƒ GH PD\R GH  $QDOHV GH OD anatomie van 'LHNQRO-RXUQDORI 8QLYHUVLGDGGH&KLOH 6RXWK$IULFDQ%RWDQ\ REEVES G., M. W. CHASE, P. GOLDBLATT,P.RUDALL, DE VOS, Romulea 037KHJHQXV in South Africa. M. F. FAY, A. V. COX, B. LEJEUNE & T. SOUZA- -RXUQDORI6RXWK$IULFDQ%RWDQ\6XSSO CHIES E 0ROHFXODUV\VWHPDWLFVRI,ULGDFHDH SPINOSA 0  'RV SODQWDV FKLOHQDV GH EXOERV HYLGHQFH IURP IRXU SODVWLG '1$ UHJLRQV FRPHVWLEOHV5HYLVWD&KLOHQDGH+LVWRULD1DWXUDO $PHULFDQ-RXUQDORI%RWDQ\ WI RODRÍGUEZ, R. & C. MARTICORENA G ,   &RPHQWDULRV OLDBLATT  3  3K\ORJHQ\ DQG FODVVL¿FDWLRQ RI WD[RQyPLFRV HQ ,ULGDFHDH FKLOHQDV *D\DQD ,ULGDFHDH $QQDOV RI WKH 0LVVRXUL %RWDQLFDO %RWiQLFD   *DUGHQ ROITMAN, G., A. CASTILLO & I. MAZA. 2008. Iridaceae. G OLDBLATT3,ULGDFHDH,Q)ORUDRI1RUWK$PHULFD (Q)2=XORDJD0%HOJUDQR 20RUURQH 2[IRUG8QLY3UHVV1HZ

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