The Soil Microbiome Influences Grapevine-Associated Microbiota
RESEARCH ARTICLE crossmark The Soil Microbiome Influences Grapevine-Associated Microbiota Iratxe Zarraonaindia,a,b Sarah M. Owens,a,c Pamela Weisenhorn,c Kristin West,d Jarrad Hampton-Marcell,a,e Simon Lax,e Nicholas A. Bokulich,f David A. Mills,f Gilles Martin,g Safiyh Taghavi,d Daniel van der Lelie,d Jack A. Gilberta,e,h,i,j Argonne National Laboratory, Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Argonne, Illinois, USAa; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spainb; Computation Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USAc; Center of Excellence for Agricultural Biosolutions, FMC Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAd; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USAe; Departments of Viticulture and Enology; Food Science and Technology; Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, California, USAf; Sparkling Pointe, Southold, New York, USAg; Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USAh; Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USAi; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Chinaj ABSTRACT Grapevine is a well-studied, economically relevant crop, whose associated bacteria could influence its organoleptic properties. In this study, the spatial and temporal dynamics of the bacterial communities associated with grapevine organs (leaves, flowers, grapes, and roots) and soils were characterized over two growing seasons to determine the influence of vine cul- tivar, edaphic parameters, vine developmental stage (dormancy, flowering, preharvest), and vineyard. Belowground bacterial communities differed significantly from those aboveground, and yet the communities associated with leaves, flowers, and grapes shared a greater proportion of taxa with soil communities than with each other, suggesting that soil may serve as a bacterial res- ervoir.
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