Brassica Tournefortii

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Orange County Chapter occnps.org California Native Plant Society ! HAVE YOU SEEN THIS PLANT? It is an Emergent Invasive in Orange County SAHARA MUSTARD Brassica tournefortii Known OC sites & Status Updates Distribution map & info: • calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi? where-calrecnum=1146 • cal-ipc.org/ip/management/plant_profiles/ Brassica_tournefortii.php Can be confused with: Sahara Mustard is a fast-germinating, • Shortpod (aka Summer) Mustard, fast-growing annual, flowering and fruiting Hirschfeldia incana from January to June. Petals are small, • London Rocket, Sisymbrium irio Flowering stems grow up to 2.5 ft. from a basal pale yellow; sepals often purplish. • Field Mustard, Brassica nigra rosette. The plants can flower & set seed when just a few inches high. Basal leave are rough to the touch, pinnately lobed, each lobe with many teeth. Orange County Chapter occnps.org California Native Plant Society ! SAHARA MUSTARD, P. 2 Short-pod Mustard, London Rocket & Seeds are produced in pod-like fruits (siliques) Field Mustard (not shown) are also that, when ripe & dry, explosively open invasives, but much more widespread lengthwise & scatter the seeds. Seed is in OC than is Sahara Mustard. viable for about 4 years. Stems & fruits often form into an intertwined, rounded mass. • Sahara Mustard (left): fruits are long & narrow with long, distinct pedicels & beaks, held out from the stem IF YOU SEE THIS PLANT AT A SITE THAT’S NOT ON THE LIST: below the flowers. • Record the plant’s location as exactly as you can (GPS coordinates if possible), the • Shortpod Mustard, (center): fruits date you saw it, and an estimate of how many there were. Include the site’s are short & thick, held close to the landowner or manager, if known. stem. • Take identifying photos: the whole plant & its surroundings, closeups of leaves, • London Rocket (right): fruits are very flowers & fruits/pods. slender with indistinct pedicels & • If you take a sample, place it immediately into a sealed bag. beaks, held out from the stem, • To avoid spreading the plant, check your clothing and shoes thoroughly before leaving around & overtopping the flowers. the area, and remove and bag all traces of seeds. • Report the find immediately to [email protected]..

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Final Report
FINAL REPORT Integrated spatial models of non-native plant invasion, fire risk, and wildlife habitat to support conservation of military and adjacent lands in the arid Southwest SERDP Project RC-1722 DECEMBER 2015 Brett G. Dickson, PhD Thomas D. Sisk, PhD Steven E. Sesnie, PhD Bethany A. Bradley, PhD Northern Arizona University Landscape Conservation Initiative School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Distribution Statement A This report was prepared under contract to the Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). The publication of this report does not indicate endorsement by the Department of Defense, nor should the contents be construed as reflecting the official policy or position of the Department of Defense. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Department of Defense. Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202- 4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.
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Brassica Tournefortii H M L Brassicaceae Impact Risk Level African / Sahara Mustard BRTO
Brassica tournefortii H M L Brassicaceae impact risk level African / Sahara mustard BRTO K EY CHARA C TERISTI C S growth Annual herb with stem 10-100 cm fruit Fruiting pedicels widely diverging high. from stem, lower pedicels 6-22 mm long. flower Flowers light yellow, 4 petals, 6mm wide, racemes with 6-20 flowers. Capsule, linear, rounded, slightly Will flower and fruit as early as De- constricted between seeds; 3-7cm cember or January, setting seed by long, 2-3 mm wide, glabrous; beaks February. In fruit or dead by April. stout, 1.0-1.5 cm long, cylindrical, Inflorescence subtended by only confluent with capsule, apex as wide small bracts. as stigma; seeds uniseriate. Branching stems +/- from base, stems TNC more so above. Hairs on lower stem are stiff and white. fireflyforest.com leaves Usually in basal rosette. Stem leaves decrease in size from base upwards. Basal leaves 7.5-30 cm long, deeply lobed with serrate edges. Lobes also toothed, margins prickly hairy. seeds Rounded, finely reticulate, brown to brown-purple; approximately 1 mm diameter; sticky when wet. ©J. Randall TNC SODN Elevation: Ecotypes Invaded: Up to 7200 feet Dunes, desertlands & riparian areas. EC OLOGY & SUITABLE HABITAT D ISTRIBUTION Note: basal rosette of leaves with deep Found in diverse natural and lobing; profusely disturbed habitats at low eleva- branched stems above; flowers in tions in S Arizona, NW Sonora, racemes. and SE California. Common in disturbed sites, roadsides and abandoned fields fireflyforest.com and southwestern deserts. Also found in sandy soils, gravelly washes, low dunes, sandy alka- line troughs and rocky slopes.
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Auto-Taxonomy of Brassica Tournefortii Gouan
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 233-250, 2020 (December) © 2020 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists AUTO-TAXONOMY OF BRASSICA TOURNEFORTII GOUAN. (BRASSICACEAE) IN EGYPT 1 ASMAA ABDELHAMEED, WAFAA AMER , WALAA HASSAN* AND AYMAN ABOELLIL Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt Keywords: Brassicaceae; Forms; ISSR; Pollen grains; SEM. Abstract Brassica tournefortii Gouan. (family Brassicaceae) is one of the five species in the Egyptian flora. Its populations showed notable morpho-plasticity with taxonomic debates, which were not yet resolved. The current study was carried out to assess the species morpho-plasticity and its molecular identity based on ISSR. The study was applied to 27 herbarium and fresh populations, representing all the species distribution ranges in Egypt. The taxonomic revision included 70 morphological characters, revealed five distinct Forms (1-5), radical leaf, and fruit provided the major distinguishable traits among the studied 70 morphological characters based on them the morphologic key is provided to delimit these forms. The pollen grain features using SEM are a pioneer at the infra-specific level, two shapes observed the subprolate (Forms 1& 3) and prolate (Forms 2, 4 & 5). Furthermore, the exine micro-features possess taxonomic value at the infra- specific level. The cluster analysis based on ISSR data revealed two clusters congruent to those developed by morphological and pollen traits. The ISSR results indicated that the species morpho-plasticity is genetically controlled. The study highlights the importance of the multidisciplinary approach to assess the taxonomic identity at the infra-specific level, for the auto-taxonomy of morpho-plastic species.
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London Rocket Tech Bulletin – ND
4/6/2020 London Rocket London Rocket Sisymbrium irio L. Family: Brassicaceae. Names: Sisymbrium was the Greek name of a fragrant herb. London Rocket. Summary: An erect, annual, many branched plant, with deeply lobed leaves that does not form a rosette. It has clusters of small, 4-petalled, yellow flowers in late winter to spring on the tops of stems that form long (25-110 mm), narrow seed pods that may be slightly curved. Description: Cotyledons: Two. Club shaped, Tip rounded. Sides convex. Base tapered. Surface hairless. Petiole longer than the blade. First Leaves: Club shaped, paired. The first pair have rounded tips and smooth edges. The second pair have pointed tips and toothed edges. Hairless or a few hairs. Leaves: Alternate. Does not form a rosette. Stipules - None. Petiole - On lower leaves. Blade - 30-160 mm long x 13-70 mm wide, triangular in outline, deeply lobed or serrated or toothed (usually 2-6 pairs), lobes are usually toothed, end lobe is pointed and larger than the side lobes. The side lobes usually point towards the base of the leaf. Tip pointed. Smooth and hairless or a few scattered hairs. Stem leaves - Alternate. Similar to rosette leaves but not as lobed or unlobed, sometimes arrow shaped. Hairless or small hairs. Stems: Slender, erect, round, up to 1000 mm tall. Often with slender, curved, simple hairs near the base, usually hairless near the top. Usually much branched from the base with spreading stems. Flower head: www.herbiguide.com.au/Descriptions/hg_London_Rocket.htm 1/8 4/6/2020 London Rocket Flowers are in clusters at the top of the stem which then elongates as the fruits mature underneath.
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Floristic Composition and Vegetation Analysis and Species Diversity of Some Brassica Species Associates in North of Nile Delta Region, Egypt
CATRINA (2015), 14(1): 45-52 © 2015 BY THE EGYPTIAN SOCIETY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Floristic Composition and Vegetation Analysis and Species Diversity of Some Brassica Species Associates in North of Nile Delta Region, Egypt Ibrahim A. Mashaly*, Mohamed Abd El-Aal and Nazzar K. Dawood Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt ABSTRACT The present study was carried out to provide insight on the floristic composition, vegetation analysis and species diversity of associated flora of three common Brassica spp (Brassica rapa L., Brassica nigra (L.) Koch and Brassica tournefortii Gouan) communities in the North of Nile Delta of Egypt. In 60 surveyed stands, a total of 150 species belonging to 122 genera and related to 34 taxonomic families were recorded. Annual/therophytes-biregional taxa were the predomninates. Vegetation classification distinguished four vegetation groups named after the first and second dominant species. Group A: Cichorium endivia-Brassica nigra and represents the vegetation type of old field crops cultivated with clover and wheat, while group B: Polypogon monspeliensis- Rumex dentatus and represents winter field crops in old cultivated lands, edges of cultivation (canal banks) and roadsides. Group C: Brassica tournefortii- Cynodon dactylon and was characteristic for newly reclaimed lands, while group D: Echinops spinosus-Brassica tournefortii was found in the roadsides and sand formations habitat along the Deltaic Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The highest species diversity was mainly in groups D and C from roadsides and sand formations habitat and in the newly reclaimed lands. Edaphic factors especially sulphates, bicarbonates, maximum water-holding capacity, total phosphorus, silt, magnesium, potassium, potassium adsorption ratio, sand fraction and chlorides affect the distribution and abundance of the characteristic weeds species.
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Remarks on Brassica
International Journal of AgriScience Vol. 3(6): 453-480, June 2013 www.inacj.com ISSN: 2228-6322© International Academic Journals The wild and the grown – remarks on Brassica Hammer K.¹*, Gladis Th.¹ , Laghetti G.² , Pignone D.² ¹Former Institute of Crop Science, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany. * Author for correspondence (email: [email protected]) ²CNR – Institute of Plant Genetics, Bari, Italy. Received mmmm yyyy; accepted in revised form mmmmm yyyy ABSTRACT Brassica is a genus of the Cruciferae (Brassicaceae). The wild races are concentrated in the Mediterranean area with one species in CE Africa (Brassica somaliensis Hedge et A. Miller) and several weedy races reaching E Asia. Amphidiploid evolution is characteristic for the genus. The diploid species Brassica nigra (L.) Koch (n = 8), Brassica rapa L. emend. Metzg. (n = 10, syn.: B. campestris L.) and Brassica oleracea L. (n = 9) all show a rich variation under domestication. From the naturally occurring amphidiploids Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. (n = 18), Brassica napus L. emend. Metzg. (n = 19) and the rare Brassica carinata A. Braun (n = 17) also some vegetable races have developed. The man-made Brassica ×harmsiana O.E. Schulz (Brassica oleracea × Brassica rapa, n = 29, n = 39), or similar hybrids, serve also for the development of new vegetables. Brassica tournefortii Gouan (n = 10) from another Brassica- cytodeme, different from the Brassica rapa group, is occasionally grown as a vegetable in India. Brassica has developed two hotspots under cultivation, in the Mediterranean area and in E Asia. Cultivation by man has changed the different Brassica species in a characteristic way. The large amount of morphologic variation, which exceeded in many cases variations occurring in distinct wild species, has been observed by the classical botanists by adding these variations to their natural species by using Greek letters.
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Brassica Tournefortii Gouan
A WEED REPORT from the book Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States This WEED REPORT does not constitute a formal recommendation. When using herbicides always read the label, and when in doubt consult your farm advisor or county agent. This WEED REPORT is an excerpt from the book Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States and is available wholesale through the UC Weed Research & Information Center (wric.ucdavis.edu) or retail through the Western Society of Weed Science (wsweedscience.org) or the California Invasive Species Council (cal-ipc.org). Brassica tournefortii Gouan. Saharan mustard Family: Brassicaceae Range: Throughout the southwestern United States, including California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. Habitat: Roadsides, washes, open fields, annual grasslands, coastal sage scrub, and desert shrubland. Typically grows in arid climate areas on sandy soil and where competing vegetation is sparse. Inhabits coastal and inland dunes in its native range. Origin: Native to the Mediterranean region. Impacts: Saharan mustard is especially problematic in the Sonoran Desert, including the Imperial Valley. It readily spreads from roadsides and other disturbed places into washes, drainages, desert shrubland, and sensitive dune areas. Saharan mustard stands contribute to increased fuel load and fire frequency. Increasing the fire frequency can lead to the type conversion of desert scrub to grassland. Because desert systems often contain rare and endangered species, Saharan mustard can be a significant threat to these species. Like other mustards, Saharan mustard can also harbor diseases and pests that attack closely related crops in the mustard family. The foliage, roots, and especially seeds of Brassica and many related species contain glucosinolates, which are sulfur- containing compounds that can irritate the digestive tract and cause thyroid dysfunction when consumed in large quantities over time.
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UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Brassica Tournefortii
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Brassica tournefortii: Phenology, Interactions and Management of an Invasive Mustard A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Biology by Robin Gene Marushia June 2009 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Jodie S. Holt, Chairperson Dr. Edith B. Allen Dr. Matthew L. Brooks Copyright by Robin Gene Marushia 2009 The Dissertation of Robin Gene Marushia is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “The earth never tires… The earth is rude, silent, incomprehensible at first – …Nature is rude and incomprehensible at first; …Be not discouraged – keep on – …There are divine things; …well envelop’d; …I swear to you there are divine things more beautiful than words can tell.” From Walt Whitman, ‘Song of the Open Road’ My dissertation has been a long road of discovery, and although I was often discouraged, I end it with a deep appreciation of having found beautiful, “divine things.” I truly believe that science is the worthiest of pursuits, both professionally and personally. I could not have become a PhD without immeasurable support and inspiration from a great many people, and I would like to thank and acknowledge a few. First and foremost, I thank Dr. Jodie S. Holt, my advisor and mentor of many years. Jodie truly is my academic ‘parent,’ and inspires loyalty, respect, admiration and affection. I am honored to call myself her student and grateful to call her my friend. I hope I someday parallel her excellent example. I also thank my dissertation committee: Dr. Edith Allen always offered unwavering support, encouragement, and a welcome sense of humor.
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Sahara Mustard Tech Bulletin – ND – SDCWMA
4/6/2020 Sahara Mustard - Brassica tournefortii Sonoran Desert Cooperative Weed Contact Management Area ss ee aa rr cc hh Invasive Species Partners What's Happening How Do I… Publications Sahara Mustard (Brassica tournefortii) Sahara mustard (a.k.a African mustard, wild turnip, mostaza del Sahara, and several other names) is a fast-growing, drought-tolerant winter annual that prefers sandy soils, yet can invade a wide range of soil types [1,2]. Its native range covers most of the Mediterranean coast, middle east, and western central Asia [2]. Its distribution in North American ranges from California and Baja California coast to western Texas, and from southern Utah to southern Sonora (Fig. 2) [2]. The species normally form a basal rosette of divided hairy leaves, which can span more than three feet in wet years [3]. The nearly leafless flowering stems branch profusely and grow to a height of about two feet, creating the appearance of a shrub from a distance. The small light yellow flowers are self-pollinating [4], but out-crossing between individuals likely occurs [5]. Each of the thousands of flowers sets a seed pod. Large plants produce up to 16,000 seeds [6]. Dried plants break off at the base and tumble like Russian thistle (tumbleweed, Salsola tragus), spreading seeds rapidly across the landscape [1]. When wet, the seeds are sticky with mucilage and can be transported long distances by animals and vehicles [7]. Why is it a threat? This winter annual species grows very fast and large when soil moisture is abundant, smothering native herbaceous plants and potentially competing with large shrubs (e.g., creosote bushes) for light and soil moisture.
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Brassica Spp.) – 151
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Sahara Mustard in the Southwest
United States Department of Agriculture Field Guide for Managing Sahara Mustard in the Southwest Forest Southwestern Service Region TP-R3-16-32 February 2015 Cover Photos Upper left and right: Max Licher, ASU Vascular Plant Herbarium, swbiodiversity.org Bottom: Patti Fenner, US Forest Service The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TTY). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Printed on recycled paper Sahara mustard (Brassica tournefortii) Mustard family (Brassicaceae) Sahara mustard is an invasive plant that is listed as a • Flowers are small and dull yellow, often making them noxious weed in Arizona and is on the watch list in New inconspicuous. Petals consist of two pairs, which Mexico. This field guide serves as the U.S. Forest Service’s form a cross-like shape. Petals range in size but are recommendations for management of Sahara mustard in generally 0.6 inches wide, 0.2-0.3 inches long, and woodlands, rangelands, and deserts associated with the only slightly longer than the length of sepals.
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Carnaby's Cockatoo Habitat Restoration Plan
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