Brassica Tournefortii H M L Brassicaceae Impact Risk Level African / Sahara Mustard BRTO

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Brassica tournefortii H M L Brassicaceae impact risk level African / Sahara mustard BRTO K EY CHARA C TERISTI C S growth Annual herb with stem 10-100 cm fruit Fruiting pedicels widely diverging high. from stem, lower pedicels 6-22 mm long. flower Flowers light yellow, 4 petals, 6mm wide, racemes with 6-20 flowers. Capsule, linear, rounded, slightly Will flower and fruit as early as De- constricted between seeds; 3-7cm cember or January, setting seed by long, 2-3 mm wide, glabrous; beaks February. In fruit or dead by April. stout, 1.0-1.5 cm long, cylindrical, Inflorescence subtended by only confluent with capsule, apex as wide small bracts. as stigma; seeds uniseriate. Branching stems +/- from base, stems TNC more so above. Hairs on lower stem are stiff and white. fireflyforest.com leaves Usually in basal rosette. Stem leaves decrease in size from base upwards. Basal leaves 7.5-30 cm long, deeply lobed with serrate edges. Lobes also toothed, margins prickly hairy. seeds Rounded, finely reticulate, brown to brown-purple; approximately 1 mm diameter; sticky when wet. ©J. Randall TNC SODN Elevation: Ecotypes Invaded: Up to 7200 feet Dunes, desertlands & riparian areas. EC OLOGY & SUITABLE HABITAT D ISTRIBUTION Note: basal rosette of leaves with deep Found in diverse natural and lobing; profusely disturbed habitats at low eleva- branched stems above; flowers in tions in S Arizona, NW Sonora, racemes. and SE California. Common in disturbed sites, roadsides and abandoned fields fireflyforest.com and southwestern deserts. Also found in sandy soils, gravelly washes, low dunes, sandy alka- line troughs and rocky slopes. Brassica tournefortii competes with or displaces native annual species, interferes with lizard and mammal behavior and may SODN introduce fire to vegetation that Suitable habitat based on the Arizona isn’t fire adapted. Wildlands Invasive Plant Working Group (AZ-WIPWG) assessment. Green = suitable habitat; White = unsuitable habitat; Gray = SODN unknown. Based on Brown, Lowe & Pase (1980) vegetation communities..

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Final Report
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Brassica Tournefortii
Orange County Chapter occnps.org California Native Plant Society ! HAVE YOU SEEN THIS PLANT? It is an Emergent Invasive in Orange County SAHARA MUSTARD Brassica tournefortii Known OC sites & Status Updates Distribution map & info: • calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi? where-calrecnum=1146 • cal-ipc.org/ip/management/plant_profiles/ Brassica_tournefortii.php Can be confused with: Sahara Mustard is a fast-germinating, • Shortpod (aka Summer) Mustard, fast-growing annual, flowering and fruiting Hirschfeldia incana from January to June. Petals are small, • London Rocket, Sisymbrium irio Flowering stems grow up to 2.5 ft. from a basal pale yellow; sepals often purplish. • Field Mustard, Brassica nigra rosette. The plants can flower & set seed when just a few inches high. Basal leave are rough to the touch, pinnately lobed, each lobe with many teeth. Orange County Chapter occnps.org California Native Plant Society ! SAHARA MUSTARD, P. 2 Short-pod Mustard, London Rocket & Seeds are produced in pod-like fruits (siliques) Field Mustard (not shown) are also that, when ripe & dry, explosively open invasives, but much more widespread lengthwise & scatter the seeds. Seed is in OC than is Sahara Mustard. viable for about 4 years. Stems & fruits often form into an intertwined, rounded mass. • Sahara Mustard (left): fruits are long & narrow with long, distinct pedicels & beaks, held out from the stem IF YOU SEE THIS PLANT AT A SITE THAT’S NOT ON THE LIST: below the flowers. • Record the plant’s location as exactly as you can (GPS coordinates if possible), the • Shortpod Mustard, (center): fruits date you saw it, and an estimate of how many there were.
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Auto-Taxonomy of Brassica Tournefortii Gouan
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