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Review of the Potential for Biological Control of Wild Radish (Raphanus Raphanistrum) Based on Surveys in the Mediterranean Region
Thirteenth Australian Weeds Conference Review of the potential for biological control of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) based on surveys in the Mediterranean region John K. Scott1,2,3, Janine Vitou2 and Mireille Jourdan2 1 Cooperative Research Centre for Australian Weed Management 2 CSIRO European Laboratory, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34980 Montferrier sur Lez, France 3 Present Address: CSIRO Entomology, Private Bag 5, PO Wembley, Western Australia 6913, Australia Summary Wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL STRATEGY (Brassicaceae) is one of southern Australia’s worst Classical biological control of wild radish is a diffi cult weeds of cropping. The potential for biological objective. In the sections below are summarised the control of this weed in Australia is being investigated main issues, which are mainly to do with the safety of in the weed’s original distribution, southern Europe biological control because of the shared evolution be- and the circum-Mediterranean region. Surveys for tween wild radish and some important crop species. insects and pathogens have been made throughout the Mediterranean region, concentrating on southern Genetics and evolution of Raphanus Wild radish Portugal, northern Tunisia, the Mediterranean coast relatives in the family Brassicaceae comprises about of France, and southern Greece. While many of 13 tribes, 375 genera and 3200 species (Hewson the organisms found are specialists on the family 1982, Schulz 1936). The genus Raphanus is included Brassicaceae, most of these are not suffi ciently host in the tribe Brassiceae, which is regarded as a natural specifi c to exclude the risk to canola (Brassica napus), grouping. Within the Brassiceae, most phylogenetic the most important crop related to wild radish. -
Pest Management of Small Grains—Weeds
PUBLICATION 8172 SMALL GRAIN PRODUCTION MANUAL PART 9 Pest Management of Small Grains—Weeds MICK CANEVARI, University of California Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, San Joaquin County; STEVE ORLOFF, University of California Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, Siskiyou County; RoN VARGAS, University of California Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, UNIVERSITY OF Madera County; STEVE WRIGHT, University of California Cooperative Extension Farm CALIFORNIA Advisor, Tulare County; RoB WILsoN, University of California Cooperative Extension Farm Division of Agriculture Advisor, Lassen County; DAVE CUDNEY, Extension Weed Scientist Emeritus, Botany and and Natural Resources Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside; and LEE JACKsoN, Extension Specialist, http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu Small Grains, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis This publication, Pest Management of Small Grains—Weeds, is the ninth in a fourteen- part series of University of California Cooperative Extension online publications that comprise the Small Grain Production Manual. The other parts cover specific aspects of small grain production practices in California: • Part 1: Importance of Small Grain Crops in California Agriculture, Publication 8164 • Part 2: Growth and Development, Publication 8165 • Part 3: Seedbed Preparation, Sowing, and Residue Management, Publication 8166 • Part 4: Fertilization, Publication 8167 • Part 5: Irrigation and Water Relations, Publication 8168 • Part 6: Pest Management—Diseases, Publication 8169 • Part 7: -
(RAPHANUS RAPHANISTRUM) Heather F. Sahli
Genetics: Published Articles Ahead of Print, published on October 14, 2008 as 10.1534/genetics.107.085084 ADAPTIVE DIFFERENTIATION OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN THE GLOBALLY DISTRIBUTED WEED, WILD RADISH (RAPHANUS RAPHANISTRUM) Heather F. Sahli1,3 Jeffrey K. Conner1, Frank H. Shaw2, Stephen Howe1, and Allison Lale1 1Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University 3700 East Gull Lake Drive, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA 2Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior , University of Minnesota St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 3 Present address: Department of Biology, University of Hawaii-Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720 Sahli et al. p.2 Running Head: POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION IN WILD RADISH Key Words: FST, QST, colonization, natural selection, rapid weed evolution Corresponding Author: Heather Sahli University of Hawaii, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, HI 96720 Phone: 808-933-0320 Fax: 808-974-7693 email: [email protected] Sahli et al. p.3 Abstract Weedy species with wide geographical distributions may face strong selection to adapt to new environments, which can lead to adaptive genetic differentiation among populations. However, genetic drift, particularly due to founder effects, will also commonly result in differentiation in colonizing species. To test whether selection has contributed to trait divergence, we compared differentiation at eight microsatellite loci (measured as FST) to differentiation of quantitative floral and phenological traits (measured as QST) of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) across populations from three continents. We sampled eight populations: seven naturalized populations and one from its native range. By comparing estimates of QST and FST, we found that petal size was the only floral trait that may have diverged more than expected due to drift alone, but inflorescence height, flowering time and rosette formation have greatly diverged between the native and non-native populations. -
Final Report
FINAL REPORT Integrated spatial models of non-native plant invasion, fire risk, and wildlife habitat to support conservation of military and adjacent lands in the arid Southwest SERDP Project RC-1722 DECEMBER 2015 Brett G. Dickson, PhD Thomas D. Sisk, PhD Steven E. Sesnie, PhD Bethany A. Bradley, PhD Northern Arizona University Landscape Conservation Initiative School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Distribution Statement A This report was prepared under contract to the Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). The publication of this report does not indicate endorsement by the Department of Defense, nor should the contents be construed as reflecting the official policy or position of the Department of Defense. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Department of Defense. Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202- 4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. -
Quercus ×Coutinhoi Samp. Discovered in Australia Charlie Buttigieg
XXX International Oaks The Journal of the International Oak Society …the hybrid oak that time forgot, oak-rod baskets, pros and cons of grafting… Issue No. 25/ 2014 / ISSN 1941-2061 1 International Oaks The Journal of the International Oak Society … the hybrid oak that time forgot, oak-rod baskets, pros and cons of grafting… Issue No. 25/ 2014 / ISSN 1941-2061 International Oak Society Officers and Board of Directors 2012-2015 Officers President Béatrice Chassé (France) Vice-President Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven (Belgium) Secretary Gert Fortgens (The Netherlands) Treasurer James E. Hitz (USA) Board of Directors Editorial Committee Membership Director Chairman Emily Griswold (USA) Béatrice Chassé Tour Director Members Shaun Haddock (France) Roderick Cameron International Oaks Allen Coombes Editor Béatrice Chassé Shaun Haddock Co-Editor Allen Coombes (Mexico) Eike Jablonski (Luxemburg) Oak News & Notes Ryan Russell Editor Ryan Russell (USA) Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven International Editor Roderick Cameron (Uruguay) Website Administrator Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven For contributions to International Oaks contact Béatrice Chassé [email protected] or [email protected] 0033553621353 Les Pouyouleix 24800 St.-Jory-de-Chalais France Author’s guidelines for submissions can be found at http://www.internationaloaksociety.org/content/author-guidelines-journal-ios © 2014 International Oak Society Text, figures, and photographs © of individual authors and photographers. Graphic design: Marie-Paule Thuaud / www.lecentrecreatifducoin.com Photos. Cover: Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven (Quercus macrocalyx Hickel & A. Camus); p. 6: Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven (Q. oxyodon Miq.); p. 7: Béatrice Chassé (Q. acerifolia (E.J. Palmer) Stoynoff & W. J. Hess); p. 9: Eike Jablonski (Q. ithaburensis subsp. -
Cytological Studies in the Iridaceae
68 Cytologia 23 Cytological Studies in the Iridaceae Edgar Gwynn Department of Biology, Washington College, Chestertown, Maryland, U. S.A. Received October 27, 1957 The Iridaceae are a widespread family of the warm and temperate re gions of the world. There are approximately sixty genera and one thousand species according to Swingle (1946), many of which are or have been cul tivated. Despite their cosmopolitan nature, great numbers and extensive use as ornamentals, apparently less than four hundred species have been investi gated cytologically. Most of those that have been analyzed are in the large, cultivated genera such as Crocus, Gladiolus and. Iris. The present work deals with several South African genera and species apparently unreported hitherto. Material and methods All chromosome counts reported in the present work were obtained from the root tips of germinating seeds. The seeds were supplied by the National Botanic Gardens, Kirstenbosch, Newlands, Cape Province, South Africa. This organization also furnished the generic and specific names in each instance. Before germination, the seeds were soaked, sterilized with mercuric chloride, washed in sterile water and plated out in sterile petri dishes. After some difficulty with germination sufficient root tips were obtained for cytolo gical purposes. The material was fixed in Randolph's modified Navashin fluid for 20-24 hours. Following this treatment the material was embedded in paraffin and cut in serial sections at a thickness of 14 microns. The sections were stained with methyl violet-erythrosin following the schedule of Johansen (1940). These procedures give excellent fixation and very clearly stained chromosomes. Camera lucida drawings were made at a magnification of 1800•~. -
Brassica Tournefortii
Orange County Chapter occnps.org California Native Plant Society ! HAVE YOU SEEN THIS PLANT? It is an Emergent Invasive in Orange County SAHARA MUSTARD Brassica tournefortii Known OC sites & Status Updates Distribution map & info: • calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi? where-calrecnum=1146 • cal-ipc.org/ip/management/plant_profiles/ Brassica_tournefortii.php Can be confused with: Sahara Mustard is a fast-germinating, • Shortpod (aka Summer) Mustard, fast-growing annual, flowering and fruiting Hirschfeldia incana from January to June. Petals are small, • London Rocket, Sisymbrium irio Flowering stems grow up to 2.5 ft. from a basal pale yellow; sepals often purplish. • Field Mustard, Brassica nigra rosette. The plants can flower & set seed when just a few inches high. Basal leave are rough to the touch, pinnately lobed, each lobe with many teeth. Orange County Chapter occnps.org California Native Plant Society ! SAHARA MUSTARD, P. 2 Short-pod Mustard, London Rocket & Seeds are produced in pod-like fruits (siliques) Field Mustard (not shown) are also that, when ripe & dry, explosively open invasives, but much more widespread lengthwise & scatter the seeds. Seed is in OC than is Sahara Mustard. viable for about 4 years. Stems & fruits often form into an intertwined, rounded mass. • Sahara Mustard (left): fruits are long & narrow with long, distinct pedicels & beaks, held out from the stem IF YOU SEE THIS PLANT AT A SITE THAT’S NOT ON THE LIST: below the flowers. • Record the plant’s location as exactly as you can (GPS coordinates if possible), the • Shortpod Mustard, (center): fruits date you saw it, and an estimate of how many there were. -
Casuarina Spp.), an Invader of Coastal Florida, U.S.A
Journal of Coastal Research 27 3 485–492 West Palm Beach, Florida May 2011 Ecology and Management of Sheoak (Casuarina spp.), an Invader of Coastal Florida, U.S.A. G.S. Wheeler{, G.S. Taylor{, J.F. Gaskin1, and M.F. Purcell{{ www.cerf-jcr.org {USDA Agricultural Research {Australian Centre for 1USDA Agricultural Research {{USDA Agricultural Research Service Evolutionary Biology and Service Service Invasive Plant Research Biodiversity Northern Plains Agricultural Australian Biological Control Laboratory and School of Earth and Research Laboratory Laboratory 3225 College Avenue Environmental Sciences 1500 North Central Avenue CSIRO Entomology Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, The University of Adelaide Sidney, MT 59270, U.S.A. 120 Meiers Road U.S.A. North Terrace, Adelaide, SA Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, 5005, Australia Australia ABSTRACT WHEELER, G.S.; TAYLOR, G.S.; GASKIN, J.F., and PURCELL, M.F., 2011. Ecology and management of sheoak (Casuarina spp.), an invader of coastal Florida, U.S.A. Journal of Coastal Research, 27(3), 485–492. West Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The Casuarina spp. are invasive plants in Florida that threaten biological diversity and beach integrity of coastal habitats. The trees include three species and their hybrids that aggressively invade riverine and coastal areas. Of the three species, C. equisetifolia and C. glauca are highly salt tolerant and widespread in coastal areas. The third species, C. cunninghamiana, invades riverine habitats. These species pose dangers to both the environment and public safety. The environmental damage includes interfering with nesting by endangered sea turtles, American crocodiles, and the rare swallow-tailed kite. Additionally, allelochemical leachates reduce germination and establishment of native vegetation. -
Brassica Tournefortii H M L Brassicaceae Impact Risk Level African / Sahara Mustard BRTO
Brassica tournefortii H M L Brassicaceae impact risk level African / Sahara mustard BRTO K EY CHARA C TERISTI C S growth Annual herb with stem 10-100 cm fruit Fruiting pedicels widely diverging high. from stem, lower pedicels 6-22 mm long. flower Flowers light yellow, 4 petals, 6mm wide, racemes with 6-20 flowers. Capsule, linear, rounded, slightly Will flower and fruit as early as De- constricted between seeds; 3-7cm cember or January, setting seed by long, 2-3 mm wide, glabrous; beaks February. In fruit or dead by April. stout, 1.0-1.5 cm long, cylindrical, Inflorescence subtended by only confluent with capsule, apex as wide small bracts. as stigma; seeds uniseriate. Branching stems +/- from base, stems TNC more so above. Hairs on lower stem are stiff and white. fireflyforest.com leaves Usually in basal rosette. Stem leaves decrease in size from base upwards. Basal leaves 7.5-30 cm long, deeply lobed with serrate edges. Lobes also toothed, margins prickly hairy. seeds Rounded, finely reticulate, brown to brown-purple; approximately 1 mm diameter; sticky when wet. ©J. Randall TNC SODN Elevation: Ecotypes Invaded: Up to 7200 feet Dunes, desertlands & riparian areas. EC OLOGY & SUITABLE HABITAT D ISTRIBUTION Note: basal rosette of leaves with deep Found in diverse natural and lobing; profusely disturbed habitats at low eleva- branched stems above; flowers in tions in S Arizona, NW Sonora, racemes. and SE California. Common in disturbed sites, roadsides and abandoned fields fireflyforest.com and southwestern deserts. Also found in sandy soils, gravelly washes, low dunes, sandy alka- line troughs and rocky slopes. -
Vascular Plant Families of the United States Grouped by Diagnostic Features
Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 12-6-2019 Vascular Plant Families of the United States Grouped by Diagnostic Features James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Vascular Plant Families of the United States Grouped by Diagnostic Features" (2019). Botanical Studies. 96. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/96 This Flora of the United States and North America is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLOWERING PLANT FAMILIES OF THE UNITED STATES GROUPED BY DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University Second edition — 6 December 2019 The focus is on families of plants found in the conterminous United States, including ornamentals. The listing of a family is not meant to imply that every species has that feature. I am using a fewfamily names, such as Liliaceae, Plantaginaceae, and Scrophulariaceae, in the traditional sense, because their limits remain unsettled. Parasitic on branches Dioscoreaceae -
Wake Island Grasses Gra Sse S
Wake Island Grasses Gra sse s Common Name Scientific Name Family Status Sandbur Cenchrus echinatus Poaceae Naturalized Swollen Fingergrass Chloris inflata Poaceae Naturalized Bermuda Grass Cynodon dactylon Poaceae Naturalized Beach Wiregrass Dactyloctenium aegyptium Poaceae Naturalized Goosegrass Eleusine indica Poaceae Naturalized Eustachys petraea Poaceae Naturalized Fimbristylis cymosa Poaceae Indigenous Dactyloenium Aegyptium Lepturus repens Poaceae Indigenous Manila grass Zoysia matrella Poaceae Cultivated Cenchrus echinatus Chloris inlfata Fimbristylis cymosa Lepturus repens Zoysia matrella Eustachys petraea Wake Island Weeds Weeds Common Name Scientific Name Family Status Spanish Needle Bidens Alba Asteraceae Naturalized Hairy Spurge Chamaesyce hirta Euphorbiaceae Naturalized Wild Spider Flower Cleome gynandra Capparidaceae Naturalized Purslane Portulaca oleracea Portulaceaceae Naturalized Puncture Vine Tribulus cistoides Zygophyllaceae Indigenous Coat Buttons Tridax procumbens Asteraceae Naturalized Tridax procumbens Uhaloa Waltheria Indica Sterculiacae Indigenous Bidens alba Chamaesyce hirta Cleome gynandra Portulaca oleracea Tribulus cistoides Waltheria indica Wake Island Vines Vines Common Name Scientific Name Family Status Beach Morning Glory Ipomoea pes-caprae Convolvulaceae Indigenous Beach Moonflower Ipomoea violacea Convolvulaceae Indigenous Passion fruit Passiflora foetida Passifloraceae Naturalized Ipomoea violacea Ipomoea pes-caprae Passiflora foetida Wake Island Trees Trees Common Name Scientific Name Family Status -
Triplarina Nowraensis)
Draft NSW & National Recovery Plan Recovery Plan for the Nowra Heath-myrtle (Triplarina nowraensis) NSW NATIONAL Draft for Public Comment PARKS AND WILDLIFE March 2003 SERVICE © NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, 2002. This work is copyright however, material presented in this plan may be copied for personal use or published for educational purposes, providing that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Apart from this and any other use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from NPWS. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service 43 Bridge Street (PO Box 1967) Hurstville NSW 2220 Tel: 02 95856444 www.npws.nsw.gov.au Requests for information or comments regarding this recovery program are best directed to the Recovery Team via: The Nowra Heath Myrtle Recovery Team coordinator Threatened Species Unit, NPWS Southern Directorate PO Box 2115 Queanbeyan NSW 2620 Ph: (02) 6298 9700 email <[email protected]> Or The Director, Regional Wildlife Programs, Wildlife Australia Branch, Environment Australia, PO Box 636, Canberra ACT 2601 Ph: (02) 6274 1111 Cover illustration: Flowering branchlet of the Nowra Heath Myrtle Triplarina nowraensis. This plan should be cited as: NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (2000) Draft NSW and National Recovery Plan for the Nowra Heath-myrtle (Triplarina nowraensis) NSW National Park and Wildlife Service, Hurstville NSW. ISBN: 0 7313 6192 X Draft Recovery Plan Nowra Heath-myrtle Recovery Plan for the Nowra Heath-myrtle (Triplarina nowraensis) Executive Summary This document constitutes the formal draft Commonwealth and New South Wales State Recovery Plan for the Nowra Heath-myrtle Triplarina nowraensis.