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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01012-3 - The Italian Renaissance State Edited by Andrea Gamberini and Isabella Lazzarini Index More information Index Abruzzi, kingdom of Naples 44 agriculture absolutism Florentine state 448 rise of 305 Naples 39, 44 theorised 321 Sardinia 51 Acaia, principality of 177n, 194 Sicily 9, 17 Acciaiuoli, Angelo 97 southern Italy 16 Acciaiuoli, Niccolo` 31 Alago´n, Leonardo, revolt in Sardinia Acciaiuoli family, Florentine bankers 31 (1478) 62 Acqui, episcopal city 182 Alagona, Artale I, vicar of Sicily 20 Adige League (1407) 211 Alagona family, Catania 257 administrative records 5, 381, 385–405 Alba, acquisition by Milan 157 thirteenth-century communes 387–9 Albert II, duke of Austria 206, 208 nineteenth- and twentieth-century Alberti, Leon Battista 98, 420 archives 386–7 Alberto, count of Gorizia and Trent 198 archiving of 397 Albizi, Maso degli, Florence 93 foreign and diplomatic 399–401, 426–7, Albizi, Rinaldo degli 93, 96, 382 433 on diplomacy 438, 440 and intensification of bureaucracy 401 Albornoz, Gil de, cardinal legate 71, 243, later treatment of 404–5 471 Naples 37, 49 Constitutiones Aegidianae (1357) 73 physical characteristics 392 historiographical view of 71 Piedmont 187 and use of apostolic vicariates 84 political language in 422 Aldobrandeschi family 289, 325 private citizens’ 389, 390 Aleramo, marquis 177 registers 392, 399 Alessandria rural communities 277 acquisition by Milan 157 Savoy 189 factions 311 scattered 403 Ghibellinism in 314 small states and rural communities Alexander VI, pope (Rodrigo Borgia) 84, 401–4 474 in subject towns 390–1 on French invasion 438 see also archives and Roman aristocracy 82 Adorno, Antoniotto, doge of Genoa Alfonso II of Aragon, king of Naples, 226 abdication (1495) 33 Adorno, Giorgio, doge of Genoa 226 Alfonso III of Aragon (d. 1291) 13 Adorno family, Genoa 226 Alfonso IV of Aragon 223 Adriatic, Venice and 32, 76, 132 Alfonso V of Aragon (the Magnanimous), advocati, role in ecclesiastical principalities king of Aragon and Naples 197, 203 claim to Naples 32 Gorizia 207–8, 209 conquest of Naples (1442) 32, 257, 258 Agnadello, battle of (1509) 134, 243, 363, economic policy 33, 38, 453 450 and feudal families 34 600 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01012-3 - The Italian Renaissance State Edited by Andrea Gamberini and Isabella Lazzarini Index More information Index 601 and government of provinces 44 anti-clericalism 239, 483 hospitals in Naples 357 apostolic chamber, papal states 74, 398 as king of Sicily 23–8, 29, 256 apostolic vicars 71, 72, 289 judicial system 512 fiscal obligations 84 and monarchical power 36, 38 military obligations 84 reorganisation of Sommaria 38 policy of revocation 84 and Sardinia 56, 61–4 relations with papacy 83–5 parliament (1421) 59 appellate court, Sicily 24 and Siena 108 Appian Way 44 standing army 40 Appiani family, Piombino 103 Alfonso I d’Este, duke of Ferrara 354 Apulia Alfonso II d’Este, duke of Ferrara, use of agriculture 44 execution 508 regulation of pasture land 39 Alghero, Sardinia 54, 55, 58 relations of cities with crown 257 port of 61, 62 Aquileia, patriarchate 197, 200, 284, 295, Alghero, peace of (1354) 55 478 Alps and Friuli 146, 207 communication routes through 197, 272 and Gorizia 204 as natural boundary 200 Aquinas, Thomas 330, 416 rural communities 280, 281, 403, 423, Aragon 486 conquest of Sicily (1282) 9 Altopascio, battle of (1325) 245 and Corsica 50 Alviano family 290 expansionism 51, 57 ambassadors and Genoa 223 autonomy of 425, 429, 430 maximum extension of power (1442) 32 daily practice 436 rivalry with Anjou 11, 12 facility with language 436 and Sardinia 50, 56–60 instructions to 427 and Sicily 12, 13–16, 14–15, 22, 50, 55 personal qualities 436, 439 standard government practices 26, 28 political role of 428, 429, 430, 436 war with Anjou 30–3 as public officials 425, 429 see also Alfonso III, Alfonso IV; reports by 427, 434, 437 Alfonso V; James II; Peter III resident 425, 430, 431, 435 Arborea, giudicato (kingdom) of, Sardinia role of 430 51 social standing 439 conflict with Aragon 53–6, 57 tales by 440–2 Arcangeli, L. 167, 320 see also diplomacy architecture, political language of 420–1 Amedeo V, count of Savoy 177n ‘archive-thesaurus’ 389 Amedeo VIII, duke of Savoy 177n, 179 archives Decreta Sabaudie Ducalia (1430) 193 nineteenth- and twentieth-century 386–7 Anagni, treaty of (1295) 13 and civic identity 391 Anatra, B. 57, 59, 66 communal judicial 496 Andreasi, Osanna 364 of conquered towns 392, 393 Andreozzi, D. 306 of diplomatic documents 433 Anguissola family 290 of Florentine Terraferma communities 402 Anjou, house of historical method 387 Durazzo and Provence branches 31 inventories 397 and Guelfs 90, 313, 319, 322, 324, 471 Venice 394 Naples 256 later treatment of 404–5 in northern Italy 70, 90 organisation of 397, 402 rivalry with Aragon 11, 12 physical structure 389 in Sicily 13, 19, 350 pragmatic writings (and political war with Aragon 30–3, 37 thought) 413, 422 see also Charles I; Charles II; Robert of public 404 Anjou regulations on 389 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01012-3 - The Italian Renaissance State Edited by Andrea Gamberini and Isabella Lazzarini Index More information 602 Index archives (cont.) militias 40, 246, 501 storage in castles 395, 397, 404 standing 40, 147 tax records 397 art and culture see also administrative records; letters motifs 421 Arco, Vinciguerra 212 northern Italian cities 248 Arezzo 243, 465 political paintings 410, 421 bought by Florence (1384) 95 Siena 106 cotton textiles 454 strategic use of in Florence 98, 100 independence from Florence 103 in Venetian Terraferma cities 154 judges 510 Venice 136 Arienti, Sabadino degli, Gynevera 355 Asti, acquisition by Milan 157 aristocracy Attendolo, Muzio 40 as abstract concept 334 Auge, duke d’ 319 blood-lines 341 Avignon popes decline of feudal 324 and Bologna 71 excluded from popolo 328, 342, 496 and curial government 471, 474 and Guelf or Ghibelline allegiances 314 effect on diplomacy 427, 431 institutional value of 328 and French monarchical model 78 and local ruling groups 333–9 see also Clement V; Clement VII; relations with princes 334 Gregory XI; John XXII; Urban V theory and practicality 339–42 Avogadro family 289 see also oligarchies; rural nobility Azario, Pietro, chronicler of Novara 247 aristocracy, eastern Alps divisions among 200 Bacon, Francis, Essays 344 formation of identity 213, 216 Baglioni family, Perugia 252, 289, 364 aristocracy, Naples bagliva (rural policing), Naples 34, 257 baronial rebellions (1459–65; balı`e (special commissions), Florence 93 1486–7) 45 bande (semi-permanent military force), barons as public officials 40 Florence 103 effect of wars on conquest on 37 banishment 495 government commissions 42 political use of 496, 498 new lineages 350 bankers power of feudal families 33 and kings of Naples 43 shifts in allegiances 35 as new feudatories 298, 302 urban 42, 338 and papacy 477 aristocracy, papal state banking and political communication with towns Florence 31, 43, 98, 100 and state 83 northern Italian cities 248 power of 82 Siena 106 relations with papacy 71 see also Casa di San Giorgio relations with popes 81, 82–3 Barbaro, Ermolao 430, 432 aristocracy, Piedmont, rural magnates 179 De officio legati 440 aristocracy, Sicily Barbaro, Francesco 151 and cities 257, 258 Barcelona, as maritime centre 61 civil war (1330s–60s) 19 Bardi family, Florentine bankers 31 conflict with kings 20, 23 Baron, H., The Crisis of the Early Italian and Martin I 21 Renaissance 94 new lineages 350 Bartolo, Pietro di 458 structural reforms by Aragonese kings Basle, Council of 319, 472 14–15, 22, 23, 28 Bassano 486 Aristotelianism 411 jurisdictions 151 Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 420 Bavaria, duchy of 198 armies Beatrice of Camino 204 financial burden of 247 Beatrice of Portugal, wife of Carlo II of mercenary troops 40, 247 Savoy 191 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01012-3 - The Italian Renaissance State Edited by Andrea Gamberini and Isabella Lazzarini Index More information Index 603 Beatrice of Wittelsbach 205 peace settlement 494 Beccuti, Ribaldino, judge of Turin 184 revolt (1334) 71 Bellinzona, factions 169 Sedici oligarchy 79, 333 Belluno semi-signore in 252 acquisition by Milan 158 social control 500 distribution of offices 255 social hierarchy 333 Guelf and Ghibelline in 317 statutes (1250–80) 327, 330 Venetian occupation 133 system of pleas 506 Benedictine order territorial influence 75 reforms 149 Bologna, peace of (1529–30) 135 relations with states 480 Bolzano/Bozen, Adige League (1407) 211 benefices, church Bonacolsi family, Mantua 120, 395 assignment of 473, 478 Boniface VIII, pope (Benedetto local 484 Caetani) 50, 54, 204 rural 485 Boniface IX, pope (Pietro Venice 144, 150 Tomacelli) 72, 84 Benevento, Campania 44 Bonifacio, Corsica 65 Bentivoglio, Giovanni 252 borghi (larger rural settlements) 264 Bentivoglio family, Bologna 252 Borgia, Cesare 84, 309 Bergamo 143, 153, 242 Borgia, Lucrezia 354, 457 acquisition by Milan 157 Borgia, Rodrigo see Alexander VI annexed by Venice 133 Borgo San Donnino 486 fairs 449 Borgo San Sepolcro 510 Guelf and Ghibelline in 314, 317 Borromeo family 300, 302 social control 501 Borso d’Este, duke of Ferrara 115, 117, Bevilacqua family, Verona 154 121, 123, 382 Bianco, Gioan, Sforza ambassador to Savoy and Reggio 127, 419, 511 194 support for manufacturing 458 Biella, Piedmont 179, 182 Bosa, Sardinia 58 bishoprics 468 Bosa, siege of (1349) 55 appointments to 477 Bosphorus, battle of (1352) 53 relations with smaller townships 487 Boucheron, P. 452 bishops, nomination by pope 469, 473 boundaries, of communes 267, 278 Bisticci, Vespasiano da, Vite 441 Bracceschi family 319 Black, J.
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  • CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE G - Izquierdo, Sebastiano by James Strong & John Mcclintock

    CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE G - Izquierdo, Sebastiano by James Strong & John Mcclintock

    THE AGES DIGITAL LIBRARY REFERENCE CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE G - Izquierdo, Sebastiano by James Strong & John McClintock To the Students of the Words, Works and Ways of God: Welcome to the AGES Digital Library. We trust your experience with this and other volumes in the Library fulfills our motto and vision which is our commitment to you: MAKING THE WORDS OF THE WISE AVAILABLE TO ALL — INEXPENSIVELY. AGES Software Rio, WI USA Version 1.0 © 2000 2 G Gabata (or Gabbatha) Picture for Gabata properly a bowl; hence a pensile lamp of similar form, for a church, made of different metals-gold, silver, brass, and electrum. These lamps were frequently embossed, or decorated in bass-relief, and ornamented with lilies, heads of gryphons or lions, or even fashioned in the form of these animals. Like the corone used for lighting, they very often had crosses. attached to them. Gabbai, Isaac ibn- a Jewish writer, who flourished at Leghorn at the beginning of the 17th century, is the author of tjn ãk or, a commentary on the Mishna (Venice, 1614, and often). See Furst, Bibl. Jud. 1:311; Jocher, Allgemeines Gelehrten-Lexikon, s.v. B.P.) Gabbai, Meir ibn- a Jewish writer of Italy, in the 16th century, is the author of, hnwma ˆrd , a cabalistic work, which treats of the ten sephiroth (Iadua, 1563; latest edition, by Goldberg, Berlin, 1850): çdqh tdb[, also µyhla twarm, a cabalisticophilosophical work (Mantua, 1545): — bq[y t[lwt, cabalistic explanations of the Jewish prayers (Constantinople, 1560). See De' Rossi, Dizionario Storico (Germ.