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Wildlife Conservation Society Makira Forest Protected Area CCBA

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Wildlife Conservation Society Makira Forest Protected Area CCBA APPENDICES Appendix I: Makira Terrestrial Carbon Stock Measurement Standard Operating Procedures Appendix II: WCS Technical Field Report of Makira Terrestrial Carbon Stock Measurements Appendix III: Article 39 du Loi constitutionnelle n° 2007-001 du 27 avril 2007 Appendix IV: Malagasy Environnemental Charter Appendix V: Makira¶s Environmental Permit (January 22nd, 2009) Appendix VI: Madagascar’s Protected Area Code (COAP) Appendix VII: Arrêté n°20.022 /2005-MINENVEF by the Ministry of Environment, Water and Forests, providing temporary protection status to Makira Appendix VIII: Delegation of management of Makira Protected Area from the Ministry of Environment and Forests to WCS. Appendix IX: DECRET N° 2001-122 Fixant les conditions de mise en oeuvre de la gestion contractualisée des forêts de l'Etat. Appendix X: Sample resources management transfer Contract for a community- managed site (GCF site) Appendix XI: Sample supporting letter from local authority Appendix XII: Sample agreement on Controlled Occupation Zone (ZOC) Appendix XIII: Attestastion de repérage Appendix XIV: Makira Project ten years financial plan 149 Makira Terrestrial Carbon Stock Measurement Standard Operating Procedures adapted from: Walker, SM, Pearson, TRH, Harris, N, and Brown, S. 2009. Terrestrial Carbon Measurement Standard Operating Procedures. Winrock International Makira Field Measurement SOP Manual CONTENTS SOP ESTABLISHMENT OF PLOTS ......................................................................................................................2 SOP MEASUREMENT OF LIVE TREES................................................................................................................5 SOP MEASUREMENT OF LIVE NON-TREE VEGETATION ................................................................................7 SOP MEASUREMENT OF DEAD WOOD DENSITY .............................................................................................9 SOP MEASUREMENT OF STANDING DEAD WOOD........................................................................................11 SOP MEASUREMENT OF LYING DEAD WOOD................................................................................................14 SOP DESTRUCTIVE SAMPLING OF TREES, SAPLINGS, PALMS, AND BAMBOO.......................................17 SOP QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL...........................................................................................22 Makira Field Measurement SOP Manual SOP ESTABLISHMENT OF PLOTS Required equipment: GPS Compass Flagging tape Clinometer Haglof Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) 201 Cruiser Location of plots 1. Navigate to each GPS point in the field 2. Assess area to determine if the vegetation conditions matched the GIS determined stratum. If not, move point so that all subplots will be contained within GIS determined stratum. 3. Once at the initial coordinates, to establish the first plot center, walk an additional 10 steps in the direction of travel and mark a GPS point. These additional steps reduce bias in choosing the plot center. 4. The other three plots should be centered 500 m away from the first point in three of the four cardinal directions, this being determined randomly. If this point is not located in the appropriate stratum, move to another cardinal point. 500 500` 500 Figure 1 Layout of each field measurement plot 5. Because all carbon measurements are reported on a horizontal-projection basis, establishment of plots on sloping lands must use a correction factor. This correction factor accounts for the fact that when distances measured along a slope are projected to the horizontal plane, they will be smaller. In the event that the field measurement plots were located between a flat surface and a slope, the plot was moved so that it was located entirely either on slope or on a flat surface. For field measurement plots located on a slope, the gradient’s angle was measured with a clinometer and recorded. When the field measurement plot was located on a slope over 10%, the gradient of the slope shall be quantified, so as to correct the area of the plot at the time of data entry and analysis. Makira Field Measurement SOP Manual 6. At each subplot center, mark a ‘waypoint’ on GPS and record GPS coordinates and/or waypoint number on data sheet. Name of plot All field measurement plots must have a unique code that is based on geographical location, forest stratum, and individual plot: • The first digit indicates the geographical location within which the field measurement plot exists. The number was attributed according to the commune, eg. Manambolo = 1, Ambinanitelo =2. • The three letter code indicates the forest stratum structure, eg. FIM ou Forêt Intacte de Moyenne altitude (Mid-altitude intact forest). • The following number is a unique number corresponding to the stratum, eg. 1 = mid-altitude intact, 2 = low-altitude intact, 3 = mid-altitude degraded, 4 = low-altitude degraded, 5 = savoka. • The last three digits identify the specific plot in the stratum. As an example : 2 FDB 4011 = Location 2 (Ambinanitelo Commune), Low Altitude Degraded Forest, Stratum number 4, plot 011 The size and shape of plots Four circular subplots are to be established at each plot location. The boundaries of each circular subplot are established using the Haglof DME 201 Cruiser. Nested plots, sample plots containing smaller sub-units of various shapes and sizes (nested plots), were used. Field testing was conducted to determine the most efficient nest radius and tree class size to properly capture the variability of tree biomass in the forest. For each nested plot size, a goal of around 8-10 trees should be present. In each of the forest stratum (FIB, FDB, FIM, FDM) the following nested plot approach shall be employed: Stem Circular plot diameter radius †Saplings 2 m 5 – 15 cm dbh 4 m 15 – 30 cm 14 m dbh >30 cm dbh 20 m † Saplings are defined as: stems <5 cm dbh, height >1.3 m and should only be measured in very young forests or where the situation calls for it. Makira Field Measurement SOP Manual In each of the savoka stratum following nested plot approach shall be employed: Stem Circular plot diameter radius †Saplings 2 m 5 – 10 cm dbh 5 m 10 – 20 cm 15 m dbh >20 cm dbh 20 m † Saplings are defined as: stems <5 cm dbh, height >1.3 m and should only be measured in very young forests or where the situation calls for it. When calculations are done, data and analyses at the plot level are extrapolated to the area of a full hectare to produce carbon stock estimates. Extrapolation by use of expansion factors occurs by calculating the proportion of a hectare (10,000 m2) that is occupied by a given plot. 10,000m2 Scaling _ factor = Area_ of _ nest _( m2 ) Makira Field Measurement SOP Manual SOP MEASUREMENT OF LIVE TREES Field equipment: DBH tapes Flagging tape 1.3 m poles Chalk stick Plot Measurements All trees of appropriate size will be measured in nested plots. For palms, height is the key predictor of biomass, not DBH. In tree plots, only palms with a stem above DBH should be measured. Smaller palms will be measured either as non-tree vegetation. Do not measure lianas or bamboo because they make up a small component of the overall forest biomass. The crew chief shall record the data and all others should be measuring and marking trees. The recorder should stand in the center of the nested plot being measured. He or she should track those measuring the trees and should endeavour to assure that no trees are missed 1. Count the number of saplings (defined as trees <5 cm DBH and >1.3 m tall) in a 2 meter radius. The weight of an average sapling will be calculated using the SOP Destructive sampling of saplings. 2. Measure trees of appropriate sizes for each nested plot. All trees should be measured at 1.3 m a. Place the 1.3 m pole stick against the tree to indicate the location of DBH. Placement of the measuring stick depends on the slope of the ground, leaning angle of the tree and shape of the tree bole as well. i. Always place pole and measure DBH on the upslope side of the tree ii. Always measure 1.3 m parallel with the tree, not perpendicular to the ground. Therefore, if the tree is leaning, measure 1.3 m from the upslope side of the lean, parallel with angle of tree. iii. Trees are considered alive if there are green leaves present. Even if there are only one or two green leaves present the tree is considered alive. iv. If the tree has buttresses, measure 1.3 m from top of buttress b. Measure DBH (unless tree is a palm) v. If tree is a palm, do not measure DBH vi. Measure trees of appropriate sizes for each nested plot. vii. If tree is in dead class 1, mark as dead on data sheet viii. If the tree is forked at 1.3 m, measure the diameter just below the fork and tag the tree, Record as if it were one tree on the data sheet, but with a note that the diameter is below the fork. ix. If the tree is forked below 1.3 m, measure the diameter at each fork and tag the tree. Record as if it were two trees on the data sheet, but with a note that it is a forked tree. Makira Field Measurement SOP Manual x. If using a standard DBH tape, the DBH tape has a hook on the end. Push the hook into the bark of the tree and pull the tape to the right. The DBH tape should always start left and be pulled right around the tree, even if the person taking the measurement is left-handed. As the DBH tape wraps around the tree and returns to the hook the tape should be above the hook, as shown below. The tape should not come around the tree below the hook. The tape should not be upside down; the numbers must be right side up xi. If a liana or vine is growing on a tree that is going to be measured in the permanent nested plot, do not cut the liana to clear a spot to measure the tree’s DBH. If possible pull the liana away from the trunk and run the DBH tape underneath.
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