News for forest resource professionals published by the Society of American Foresters February 2019 • Vol. 24, No. 2 National Academies: Biotechnology Has Potential to Mitigate Forest Threats By Steve Wilent

ccording to a report issued in Jan- uary by the National Academies of ASciences, Engineering, and Medi- cine, “Biotechnology has the potential to help mitigate threats to North American forests from insects and pathogens through the introduction of pest-resistant traits to forest trees.” The report, Forest Health and Biotechnology: Possibilities and Consider- ations, recommends research and invest- IN THIS ISSUE ment to assess and improve the utility of biotechnology—genetic engineering and Dead Wood Is Good Wood similar technologies—as a forest-health Gillian Martin, director of the Cavity Conser- tool (see tinyurl.com/ybor9ou4). vation Initiative, based in California’s Orange At the request of the US Department County, becomes animated when she talks of Agriculture (USDA), the US about dead wood in urban areas: “We have Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), lost an appreciation of the importance of dead and the US Endowment for Forestry and wood to wildlife, not only to cavity-nesting Communities, the National Academies birds but wildlife [in general]. In my presen- assembled a Committee on the Potential tations, I tell people, ‘Nature designed trees William A. Powell, a professor at SUNY ESF, has produced transgenic American chestnuts (Castanea den- to have two lives: one as a living healthy ma- for Biotechnology to Address Forest tata), called Darling 215 and 311, center, that are resistant to chestnut blight. Left: a blight-resistant Chinese ture tree and one when it starts to decline.’ Health to investigate the potential use of chestnut (C. mollissima). Right: a blight-susceptible wild American chestnut. All of these seedlings were The habitat value of a tree when it starts to inoculated with the blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica. Powell’s research shows that the transgenic decline skyrockets and serves more species of American chestnuts may have even higher resistance to the blight than the Chinese chestnut. See www.esf n .edu/chestnut/resistance.htm wildlife—assuming it’s in an ideal location— BIOTECH Page 4 than the tree ever did when it was alive and healthy.” Page 8 THE FUTURE OF SAF Biometric Bits SAF Receives Are there any similarities between terrestrial lidar scanning (TLS) tools and the relascope? $15K Weyco Grant Far more than you might think. Zack Parisa he Society of American Foresters explains. Page 10 Bringing Music and Nontraditional recently received a $15,000 grant from the Weyerhaeuser Giving Forest Restoration in Malawi Thinking to the Forestry Profession T Fund. The funds will be split between Malawi’s government, which is determined to By Andrea Watts combat forest loss and degradation, recently SAF’s Mollie Beattie Visiting Scholar Pro- announced a $7 million program for forest gram and the Kurt Gottschalk Science restoration. Page 11 Fund (KGSF). “I speak for our leadership in ex- OSB Plants in the West? pressing tremendous gratitude for this Why aren’t there any oriented-strand board 2019 grant from the Weyerhaeuser Giving (OSB) plants in California? And is there a Fund,” said SAF CEO Terry Baker. “SAF business case for building one? Roy Ander- aims to make the most of Weyerhaeuser’s son, vice-president of the Beck Group, has generosity in 2019. We are honored and answers. Page 12 pleased that Weyerhaeuser leadership rec- ognizes and appreciates the Mollie Beattie The Effects of Fire Suppression Program and the Gottschalk Science Fund New research shows that, as forests in the as programs that merit support.” West became thicker over the past century The Weyerhaeuser Giving Fund is due to fire suppression, trees were forced to primarily intended to support US and Ca- use progressively more of the heavier stable isotope of carbon for photosynthesis, which nadian communities where the company indicates increasing drought stress as trees re- has a significant presence or business in- stricted the passage of gases into their leaves. terest. Grants also are awarded to national Page 14 projects and research programs that are After a decade as a musician in a punk rock band, Jordan Luff was inspired to pursue a career in the natural- directly related to the sustainability and resources profession. He enrolled in Haywood Community College’s forestry program, and the course on den- importance of working forests. DEPARTMENTS drology hooked him. Now he is a grad student at the University of Vermont Rubenstein School of Environment “Weyerhaeuser is excited to provide and Natural Resources. Photograph courtesy of Jordan Luff. this funding towards the Kurt Gottschalk 13 Forest Industry News Science Fund and Mollie Beatie Scholar 15 Commentary: FIRz he Forestry Source launched a new a master’s degree student at the University Program,” said Eric B. Sucre, a production 16 SAF News department in the January edition: of Vermont Rubenstein School of Environ- forestry research manager for the com- 17 People in the News TThe Future of SAF. Articles in this ment and Natural Resources. He joined pany. “Both of these funds align with our department will feature up-and-coming SAF in 2015 while attending Haywood company vision and core values. In the 18 In Memoriam student members who will continue SAF’s case of the Gottschalk Science Fund, fos- 18 Continuing Education Calendar legacy into the next 100 years. 19 Employment Ads This month’s profile is of Jordan Luff, LUFF n Page 6 WEYCO n Page 3 20 Forestry News Briefs LETTERS TO THE EDITOR EDITOR’S

Published monthly by the Society of American For- NOTEBOOK esters (SAF), The Forestry Source (ISSN 1084-5496) What Is It You Do Again? you do—and maybe even ask how and provides SAF members and other natural resource It was a great pleasure to read Dave why you got into the profession. professionals with news regarding developments Lewis’s comments regarding credential- within the forestry profession as well as the activities A Journey around and policies of SAF. ing and certification in the November Ryan Mansfield, CF issue of The Forestry Source (“Lewis: Cre- Bonney Lake, Washington The opinions expressed in articles, commentaries, the World in 80 and letters do not necessarily reflect the policies or dentialing and Certification Crucial to views of SAF. Future of Forestry Profession”). There Forests of the Northern Marianas is no light between our positions on As the former commonwealth forester Trees Publisher: Terry Baker, [email protected] Editor: Steve Wilent, (503) 622-3033, forging a path forward as forestry pro- for the Northern Mariana Islands (1984- By Steve Wilent [email protected] fessionals. I would add the following 1988), I was most interested in Andrea Associate Editor: Andrea Watts, [email protected] to Dave’s words to bolster our amazing Watts’ article in the January 2019 edition

Editorial Offices and Advertising Sales forestry community: about the effects of Super Typhoon Yutu 10100 Laureate Way, Bethesda, MD 20814 How many times have you been at on the Commonwealth of the Northern Tel (301) 897-8720 • www.safnet.org a social function and somebody casually Mariana Islands, or CNMI (“It Looked asks what you do for a living? You don’t like a War Zone. Recovery Efforts Under- Correspondence: Address all editorial correspon- dence to the Editor at the above address. Advertising quite know how informed that person is, way after Typhoon Yutu”). inquiries should be directed to Christopher Whited at so you try and simplify it for them. This During the time I was there, Super (301) 897-8720, ext. 110. process usually complicates their ques- Typhoon Kim passed directly over Saipan Subscription rates: $61 for individuals in the US and tion even more. Invariably, they walk in December 1986. [Kim’s wind speeds Canada $116 in other countries); $116 for institutions away still not knowing what exactly you reportedly exceeded 150 miles per hour; in the US ($173 in other countries). Subscriptions do, but they are pretty sure it’s something Yutu’s reached about 180 miles per hour.] for members is included in annual dues. See tinyurl .com/m6xo2x9 for other rates and information. For in- to do with trees. After the storm passed, I estimated formation regarding subscriptions, address changes, If you ask a person on the street that about 50 percent of the island’s trees and purchasing single editions, call 866-897-8720. what a lawyer does, you will likely get had been damaged. But I also noted that Permission to reprint: Individuals, and nonprofit li- an informed answer about defending native vegetation, which has evolved over braries acting for them, are permitted to make fair clients, lawsuits, and litigation. Ask time to withstand periodic typhoons, use of the material in this publication; for example, them what a doctor does, you’ll get an was clearly much less affected than natu- copying an article for personal or classroom use. For republication, or systematic or multiple repro- equally informed answer. Teacher? Same ralized and exotic species. duction of copyrighted material, permission must be result. When you ask them what a for- Also at that time, the Division of obtained from SAF, with a fee for commercial use to ester does, you may get a blank stare. Plant Industry nursery was primarily be determined. To request permission to republish or reproduce material, contact the Editor at the address Explaining this is something we could focused on producing plants for coastal above. Proper notice of copyright and credit to The all do a better job of when interacting protection and community beautification Forestry Source must appear on all copies made. with the public. projects. We did not envision a need for Permission is granted to quote from The Forestry Source if the customary acknowledgment accompa- Educating the public about our reforestation following Kim. received a gem of a book too late to nies the quote. profession falls on all of us. SAF does a In 1987, my colleagues and I pro- include in my “Books to Put Under good job of networking those of us who duced a forest-resource plan for the the Tree” list in the December 2018 Postmaster: Send address changes to The Forestry I Source, 10100 Laureate Way, Bethesda, MD 20814, already know what we do, but when it CNMI. Based upon 1976 aerial photog- edition: Around the World in 80 Trees, by Attn.: E. Cooke comes to reaching outside our circle, I raphy, it was estimated that there were Jonathan Drori, illustrations by Lucille believe we are falling short. What we do about 18,000 acres of forestland (de- Clerc (Laurence King Publishing, 2018, Periodicals postage paid at Bethesda, Maryland, and as forestry professionals impacts people’s fined as tree cover greater than 60 per- $24.99, www.laurenceking.com). I’m at additional mailing offices. Printed in the USA. lives in some way every day. This isn’t cent) on Saipan, 16,400 acres on Tinian, slowly making my way through its 240 © 2019, Society of American Foresters. about getting credit—it’s about helping and 13,300 acres on Rota, for a total of pages, savoring the brief chapters as I go, ISSN 1084-5496. people understand that we are making 47,700 acres on the three main populat- each of which is devoted to a specific tree. the best decisions possible given the ed islands of the CNMI. The book is arranged in 11 sections Society of American Foresters current information we have. It’s about It is interesting to note that the recent representing regions of the world— The mission of the Society of American Foresters is building trust. Once we have that trust, Forestry Source article reported that there Northern Europe, Eastern Mediterra- to advance the science, education, technology, and people won’t necessarily see a clearcut as are now 60,206 acres of forestland in the nean, Southeast Asia, and so on)—with practice of forestry; to enhance the competency of its members; to establish standards of professional a bad thing (of course, call it an even- CNMI (which I presume again to be the descriptions and illustrations of a handful excellence; and to use the knowledge, skills, and aged harvest and they probably won’t total for these three primary islands). I do of trees in each one. For South America: conservation ethic of the profession to ensure the have warm and fuzzy feelings about it). not think it possible for the CNMI gov- monkey puzzle, blue jacaranda, quinine, continued health and use of forest ecosystems and the present and future availability of forest resources They may not understand the science ernment to have increased the very small balsa, Brazil nut, Brazilwood. Naturally, to benefit society. behind it, but they will know there are reforestation rate we were able to accom- some of the book’s 80 trees are timber spe- dedicated professionals managing land in plish in the late 1980s to account for cies—eastern white pine, Norway spruce, President: John W. McNulty, [email protected] the best possible way. this approximately 12,500-acre increase beech. Many are fascinating for a range of In my former life as a financial ad- in forest cover today, nor do I think that other reasons. Breadfruit (Artocarpus alti- Vice-President: Tamara Cushing viser, my colleagues and I each had what the increasing development pressure on lis), for example, is a native of Papua New [email protected] we called our “elevator pitch,” a 30-sec- these islands would have allowed for any Guinea and nearby islands, the book ex- Immediate Past President: David S. Lewis, CF, ACF ond blurb about ourselves and what we increase in forestland. Thus, I suspect the plains, and was domesticated by migrants [email protected] do for our clients. Might I suggest we differences between 1987 and now have to the Western Pacific about 3,000 years

Chief Executive Officer: Terry Baker, all have our own version of an elevator to do with a different definition of what ago. Drori outlines the 1787 voyage of [email protected] pitch? Make it definitive and relatable, is forestland. the HMS Bounty, under the command of something that can be easily digested and In the late 1980s the focus of our Capt. Robert Bly, which sailed from En- Board of Directors (District): Thomas M. Hanson, CF (1); Michael J. Cloughesy (2); Nicholas Dennis (3); understood by those who otherwise give tree-planting efforts was on converting gland to bring breadfruit from Tahiti to Beverly Yelczyn (4); Donald E. Howlett, CF (5); Mar- us that blank stare when we tell them grasslands to forests and in diversifying the Caribbean as replacements for plan- iann Garrison-Johnston, CF (6); David P. Gwaze (7); we’re foresters. existing forests with native species, par- tain and yams, the main foods eaten by Christa F. Rogers (8); Tim Phelps (9); Richard (Dick) W. Brinker; (10); Michael L. Murphrey, CF (11). We foresters love what we do, and ticularly the extensive stands of intro- African slaves. Things didn’t quite go as we do it for the right reasons. It is easy duced monoculture Leucaena leucocepha- planned. Non-voting members of the Board of Directors: Ka- for us to understand each other, but get- la. I suspect that this reforestation focus Being a certified tree geek qualifies tie Reiderman, Student Representative to the Board; ting others to understand us is critical in will continue for the foreseeable future. me to recommend this book to like-mind- Craig MacLean, Chair, Forest Policy Committee; Ryan Armbrust, chair, House of Society Delegates; Nan cementing our status as professionals. I greatly appreciate SAF’s continu- ed SAF members and others drawn to for- Pond, Chair, Forest Science and Technology Board. This becomes even more important when ing interest in the affairs of the far-flung ests. It would make a fine gift for anyone, it comes to recruiting and retaining fu- CNMI, and in reporting periodically on whether they have tree-geek tendencies National Office Department Directors: John R. Barn- well, Director of Government and External Affairs; ture generations of foresters. significant events there. or not. All readers will end up with a far Morgan Fincham, Senior Managing Editor; Louise I say, keep honing your “elevator greater knowledge of and appreciation for Murgia, CF, Chief of Staff and Chief Operating Officer; pitch” and, eventually, those folks at the Jim Culbert these 80 trees and likely will see all tree Naomi Marcus, Director, Professional Development; Carol Redelsheimer, CF, Director, Science and Educa- party will finally understand what it is McMinnville, Oregon species in a new light. tion; Operations.

2 The Forestry Source WEYCO in five years of their degree) in forestry or n From Page 1 related natural-resources disciplines. See “Exploring the Intersection of Collabora- tering innovation through science allows tion and Natural-Resources Management: Double your us to improve the precision of our man- Karin Bothwell, SAF’s Mollie Beattie Vis- agement across the landscape (e.g., right iting Scholar,” The Forestry Source, May influence on forestry treatment—at the right time—on the right 2018. For information about the program, Donate to the Kurt Gottschalk acre). Personally, Kurt Gottschalk was a see tinyurl.com/yb6p5unt. mentor to me when I first took on an SAF The KGSF is named in memory of Science Fund leadership position. His dedication to sci- Kurt W. Gottschalk, a US Forest Service With the support of $250,000 in matching funds, every ence and research as well as to profession- research scientist widely known for his dollar you donate to the program is doubled — making al development within SAF are qualities integrity and commitment to mentoring that resonate with many of us.” young professionals (see tinyurl.com/ your support twice as impactful. Sucre is a member of SAF’s Forest Sci- yacbllpt). Two recent KGSF grant ence and Technology Board. He chaired awardees are Danielle Kloster, a graduate Take Action to Support Forestry Professionals the C2–Soils working group from 2010 to student at the University of Connecticut Whether from an individual, group, or company, 2015. who received a grant to support her re- donations will directly contribute to the program. “The Mollie Beatie Scholar in Forest search project, “Value Trade-offs in Exur- Your support funds forestry professionals working on: Policy Program promotes diversity as well ban Residential Tree Management Deci- • Continuing Education, Outreach, and Collaboration as improving connections between science sion-Making”; and Ryan Vogel, a graduate and policy decisions,” Sucre added. “This student at The Ohio State University who • Leadership Development is becoming increasingly important as sci- received a 2017 KGSF grant to support his • Recognition of Student Research ence becomes more complex. Being able to investigation of the biophysical and social • Forestry Research translate results and key findings into simple factors that influencePyrus calleryana language that the public and legislators can (Callery Pear) invasion. Imagine what can be achieved with support from you, understand is critical. As a 10+ year indus- Weyerhaeuser distributed $3.3 million your chapter, and your company. try scientist and R&D program manager, I in cash and in-kind contributions in 2017. know firsthand that communicating effec- The majority of its grants and donations tively to your audience is an art and skill are aimed at four focus areas: affordable Donate at that helps you succeed in any career and is housing and shelter, education and youth www.eforester.org/ScienceFund paramount to ensuring our public license to development, environmental stewardship, continue practicing forestry.” and human services and civic and cultur- The Beattie program, which was es- al growth. Company employees serve on tablished by the SAF Board of Directors local Giving Fund advisory committees in 2016, is named after Mollie Beattie, and develop funding priorities within the the first woman to head the US Fish and four focus areas to support their particu- Wildlife Service. The program is open to lar communities. For information about 10100 Laureate Way • Bethesda, MD 20814 www.eforester.org • (866) 897-8720 graduate and post-doctoral students, fac- the company’s Giving Fund, see tinyurl ulty, and early-career professionals (with- .com/yd69xcvq.

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February 2019 3 BIOTECH n From Page 1 genetic engineering in trees to address forest health; this report is the product of their work. The committee was not asked to examine the potential for biotechnology to reduce threats to forest health by altering the pests affecting North American tree species. Committee members and the numerous reviewers of the report were experts with diverse backgrounds primarily from academia and nonprofit groups. The committee noted that “chal- lenges remain: the genetic mechanisms that underlie trees’ resistance to pests are poorly understood, the complexity of tree genomes makes incorporating genet- ic changes a slow and difficult task, and there is a lack of information on the effects of releasing new genotypes into the envi- ronment.” It recommended research and investment in three areas: 1. Knowledge about tree genetics related to resistance 2. Data and tools for impact assess- ment 3. Management approaches that take into account disciplines beyond bio- technology

Numerous recommendations and conclusions are offered in the 200-page report, including: An Oregon State University worker amid a nine-acre stand of genetically modified poplars in their sixth growing season. Photo courtesy of Steve Strauss.

• Conclusion: Substantial literature sup- Carlton Owen, president and CEO of the Poplar and Chest- the web to find out how challenged our ports the need for sustained invest- US Endowment for Forestry and Com- nut forests are right now. We have many differ- ment in prevention and eradication munities. “We felt that this study, as a To date, the report ent types of invasive pests and pathogens as the most cost-effective and lowest capstone to the work on biotechnology states, American out there—the hemlock woolly adelgid, impact approaches for managing that [the Endowment] has done or sup- chestnut and hy- the emerald ash borer, thousand cankers introduction of nonnative insect pests ported over the past 10 years, was cru- brid poplars were disease on walnut, sudden oak death out and pathogens. cial. We felt that we needed an indepen- the only two tree in California—the list goes on and on,” he • Conclusion: Using biotechnology to dent voice like the National Academies species on which said. “And all of these problems are prob- introduce resistance to threats in for- to weigh in.” biotechnology re- ably going to be exacerbated by climate William A. Powell, a est trees has been hampered by the Owen noted that the report was search has been change. With chestnut, we’re worried that evenhanded in its recommendations and conducted for for- professor and director Phytophthora root rot, which is a problem complexity of tree genomes, the ge- of the Council on netic diversity in tree populations, and conclusions. est-health purposes Biotechnology in For- in the southern part of the tree’s range, will the lack of knowledge about genetic “I don’t think anybody in either in the US; both are estry at SUNY ESF, has move northward with warmer tempera- developed an American mechanisms that underlie important camp, pro or con, can say that it isn’t a undergoing limited tures.” balanced report,” he said. “We had peo- field trials. chestnut with an The report notes that under the 1986 traits. However, recent technolog- introduced wheat gene ical developments have improved ple with a very wide range of interests at William A. that makes the trees Coordinated Framework for the Regulation functional genomic tools, facilitating the table, some of whom were not biotech Powell, a profes- resistant to chestnut of Biotechnology, as many as three federal blight. the potential for biotechnology to help supporters. But what we had in common sor and director agencies—USDA, EPA, and the US Food address forest health problems. was that we don’t like losing tree species of the Council on and Drug Administration (FDA)—may or seeing swaths of dead forest.” Biotechnology in Forestry at State Univer- have a role in the regulatory oversight of • Recommendation: More research Although further research into the sity of New York College of Environmen- a biotech tree developed to address forest should be conducted on the funda- technology is crucial, time is of the es- tal Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), has health. Working through three separate mental mechanisms involved in trees’ sence, Owen said. conducted extensive research on American regulatory processes takes a great deal of resistance to pests and adaptation “A phrase that I often use is that we chestnut, a species once widespread in the time, Powell said. to diverse environments, including a need tools that serve at the speed of need, eastern US that has been all but wiped out Powell and his colleagues are current- changing climate. and our current tools don’t do that,” by a fungal blight introduced more than ly working with USDA to achieve regula- • Recommendation: Sufficient invest- Owen said. “Time does matter. When we a century ago. Powell is codirector of the tory approval for field testing of Ameri- ment of time and resources should look at the challenges of forest health— American Chestnut Research & Resto- can chestnut with an introduced wheat be made to successfully identify or and there are challenges in every region ration Project. He was named the 2013 gene that produces a detoxifying enzyme introduce resistance into tree species of our nation, as well as the rest of the Forest Biotechnologist of the Year by the that prevents the blight-causing fungus threatened by insects and pathogens. world—we don’t have 30, 40, or 50 years Institute of Forest Biotechnology (IFB). from killing the tree’s cells, thus prevent- to think about things when we’re losing “Generally, I think the committee did ing the expansion of the cankers caused • Recommendation: Research should entire species. We’ve lost the elm and the a good job. They pointed out that there are by the fungal pathogen. (see his TEDx address whether resistance imparted American chestnut, and we’re losing the opportunities for the use of biotechnology, talk, “Reviving the American Forest with to tree species through a genetic ash. And, of course, there are a number but that there are still a lot of challenges out the American Chestnut,” at youtube.com/ change will be sufficient to persist of other threats, such as oak wilt disease there and still some unknowns. Of course, watch?v=WYHQDLCmgyg). in trees that are expected to live for and walnut canker. We just don’t have we can’t learn about those unknowns until “We did a preliminary completeness decades to centuries as progenitors of tools that are responding at the speed at we can actually test some trees under field check with [USDA], and now we’re editing future generations. which we’re facing new challenges.” conditions.” our 188-page document, which includes “We didn’t start out with a conclu- “Doing something is a risk and doing Like Owen, Powell said that time is 3,000 references, and we hope to resubmit sion that biotechnology should be used nothing is a risk,” Owen added. “If we a critical factor in addressing current for- that by the end of this month. And we’ve to address forest health, but we felt very choose not to deploy biotechnology, are est-health problems. been talking with people at the FDA [Food strongly that it needed to be looked at,” we willing to accept the consequences?” “It doesn’t take much searching on and Drug Administration], which has an

4 The Forestry Source interest because peo- The report suggests that adap- ple, livestock, and tive-management techniques could be wildlife eat chestnut used to test, assess, and improve the use Opposition to GE Trees nuts, and we’ll prob- of biotechnology as a tool to mitigate for- ome groups disapprove of the netically modified organisms (GMOs) ably submit an ap- est-health threats, but Strauss says doing use of genetically engineered or (i.e., results of genetic engineering), plication sometime so under the current regulatory environ- Smodified trees. In response to and may be used. The prohibition of this spring. And we ment is difficult. Strauss’s study at Oregon State Univer- genetically modified organisms applies are also working with “You’ve got to do adaptive management sity, a joint statement from the Global to all organisms including trees.” the EPA to determine Steve Strauss, a under real forestry conditions, whether that Justice Ecology Project, Indigenous In addition, although FSC notes whether they have professor of forest is in a plantation or in a wild environment, Environmental Network, Rural Coali- that GM trees may have significant biotechnology at regulatory authority Oregon State Univer- if you want to learn anything—you can’t tion, Biofuelwatch, and Canadian Bio- benefits, the risks of potential unin- over our chestnut. sity, has developed do it in an isolated, artificial environment, technology Action Network asserted tended consequences outweigh those EPA regulates pesti- a hybrid poplar tree like a greenhouse. But you can’t do most of that “the risks of genetically engineer- benefits. “Research is continuing to de- cides, but the gene that produces sterile those experiments, because the regulatory ing trees are too great and can never velop safeguards to minimise the risks flowers or no flowers. we’ve used isn’t pesti- Photo: OSU regime requires that you completely con- fully be known.” of these hazards…. The difficulties of cidal—it doesn’t actu- tain everything, just because you use the “Trees are extremely complex, and avoiding the spread of transgenes, and ally kill the fungus, but it detoxifies the acid recombinant DNA [rDNA] method. You fertility, which is one of the most im- the potential negative impacts, indi- that the fungus makes that hurts the tree.” could be tweaking a native gene for disease portant functions of any living organ- cate that much of this research must To streamline the process, Powell resistance, which is far more precise com- ism, has been evolving in trees for mil- be conducted in laboratories or in ex- suggests that a single agency be made re- pared to breeding, but it’s considered guilty lions of years. It is incredibly arrogant treme isolation.” FSC’s policy is that sponsible for regulating geneticlly modified until it is proven through extensive studies and dangerous to think that through “not even research into GMOs may be (GM) trees. and applications to be safe. So you really genetic engineering we can override included in certified forests.” See FSC’s “The original purpose of the Coor- can’t do the adaptive research they call for. such a fundamental function as repro- explanation at tinyurl.com/ybo98rnr. dinated Framework was that they didn’t It’s very difficult, very expensive. Almost duction. Far from allaying fears, this The Programme for the Endorse- want anything slipping through, and they nobody does it.” research opens up serious new con- ment of Forest Certification (PEFC) designated the three agencies so that at Forest practices and forest-prod- cerns,” said Anne Petermann, execu- also prohibits the use of biotechnolo- least one of them would regulate any ge- ucts certification by third parties also are tive director of Global Justice Ecology gy: “As the scientific evidence of po- netically engineered product. That means sticking points. The report points out that Project and coordinator of the interna- tential benefits and dangers of geneti- [researchers] may have to jump through “some forest certification programs ap- tional Campaign to Stop GE Trees, in cally modified organisms (GMOs) and the same hoop three times, and each of the plied in the United States [have] prohib- the August 2018 statement. its impact on biodiversity remains in- agencies has different criteria. That puts a ited the use of biotechnology”—that in- Under the Forest Stewardship sufficient and the society has not com- big burden on researchers. So I think they cludes the Sustainable Forestry Initiative, Council’s US Forest Management Stan- pleted its debate, the PEFC General should narrow it down to one agency and the Programme for the Endorsement of dard, “genetically modified organisms Assembly has determined that GMOs let that agency become very good at what Forest Certification, and the Forest Stew- (GMOs) are not used for any pur- cannot be considered as part of PEFC it does. My preference would be that the ardship Council (see sidebar). pose” (Indicator 6.8.d). The FSC-US certified material.” USDA be that agency, since they oversee “Basically, that means that nobody standard also states that “Genetically our field-trial permits—USDA is involved can use GMO trees, even for research,” improved organisms (e.g., Mendelian with our trees even before we formally ap- Strauss said. crossed) are not considered to be ge- OPPOSITION n Page 19 ply for nonregulated status.” Strauss and a handful of colleagues Powell suggests that the regulatory recently drafted a petition that calls on process could be further simplified with the certifying bodies to accept genetically the use of preliminary reviews that will modified trees: determine whether a GM tree ought to be “Given the rapidly growing threats SAF POSITION STATEMENT subject to the full regulatory process. to forests, the need for expanded pro- “You could write a 20-page paper duction of sustainable and renewable that explains why the product is safe. The forest products and ecological services, Regulation of Genetically Modified agency would review that and, most of the and the growing power and precision of time, would probably decide that the prod- biotechnologies, we believe that rDNA uct doesn’t need regulation. In some cases, research should not be precluded from Trees the agency would determine that there is a certified forests. We call for an immedi- he Society of American Foresters (SAF) supports and encourages scientific need for further testing,” Powell said. “I’m ate review of these policies to bring them advancements in forest tree biotechnology and its use to improve forest pro- not for no regulation, but I want a more in line with current scientific evidence, Tductivity, wood quality, and forest health, including the use of appropriately simple, straightforward process.” and call for appropriate action taken to regulated genetically modified organisms (GMOs). SAF believes that well-studied The regulatory process, he added, rectify them.” applications of appropriate biotechnology methods for forest tree improvement have “should be based on the phenotype, or The petition “does not endorse all the potential to enhance the quality, productivity, and value of plantation forests what you’re changing in the tree, and not uses of rDNA in forestry, nor does it advo- managed for wood, pulp, and bioenergy; protect tree species from serious insect and on the process, on the method that was cate for unrestricted use in all cases. These disease problems; and provide other social, economic, and environmental benefits. used to make that change.” technologies are one option to help forests SAF supports science-informed government regulatory oversight of biotechnol- maintain their health, productivity, and ogy applications, including genetic engineering (GE, also called genetic modifica- No-Spread Poplar provision of ecosystem and social services. tion), and encourages consideration of both the benefits and risks of forest biotech- Steve Strauss, a professor of forest biotech- They are new tools that require scientif- nology applications. SAF supports GMO regulation that is focused on the products’ nology at Oregon State University, has de- ic research to evaluate and refine them safety and environmental impact. While GE potentially allows for greater novelty veloped a hybrid poplar tree that produces on a case-by-case basis. We believe that than traditional breeding techniques (e.g. production of novel phytochemicals), we sterile flowers or no flowers (see “Study: such discovery, development, and analysis believe that the degree of novelty of the GMO, and the potential threats that novelty Trees Can Be Genetically Engineered Not should be encouraged, not forbidden, in creates, should drive regulation rather than simply the type of biotechnology used to Spread,” The Forestry Source, October certified forests.” to achieve the modification. 2018). He received the Barrington-Moore The petition is available at bio SAF recognizes that discovery, development, and understanding the impacts of Memorial Award from SAF in 2001, which techtrees.forestry.oregonstate.edu. appropriate GE technologies can be accomplished only through both laboratory and recognizes outstanding achievement in bi- Strauss said that the two obstacles to field testing. Given the rapidly growing costs and risks of regulatory compliance for ological research leading to the advance- deploying biotech trees—“the nonfunc- GE field studies and proposed trade/marketplace barriers for many GMO products, ment of forestry. tional regulatory system” and prohibitions SAF urges government regulators to consider and balance the cumulative opportuni- “The report was put together because under key certification standards—make ty cost to society of compliance with GE regulations for companies and public-sector the federal agencies can’t figure out how it difficult or impossible to use biotech- researchers. Regulations that make field tests excessively costly, onerous, or limited to deal with biotech trees. The agencies’ nology to address forest-health issues. in duration may impede the conduct of economically and ecologically significant regulatory regime is really oriented toward “If we’re going to use biotech, we research and, thus, the timely understanding or realization of the benefits or costs annual crops that are pretty easy to contain need to be able to be pretty nimble with to society. and aren’t intended to go into wild envi- it,” he said. “You can’t do 30 years of risk The full position statement, background information, and references are available at ronments. That regulatory regime is a huge studies to see if something might be okay tinyurl.com/y7lssrtl/. obstacle,” Strauss said. to plant a real field trial.”

February 2019 5 LUFF tation from my family that I would go to been informed by being a “nontraditional Halen, Slayer, Beyoncé, or Black Flag, you n From Page 1 college when I graduated high school, but student,” meaning I didn’t follow the typ- are feeling the energy shaped by a sys- there was never much pressure or even in- ical pathway from high school to college tem of noises specifically constructed and Community College in Clyde, North Car- fluence that I should. My father raised me like most of my student peers. Many of us compiled by someone or some group. For olina; he later attended North Carolina on classic rock, soul, and R&B, so music nontraditional students have worked for me, silviculture does the same thing. It’s a State University (NCSU). In recognition was incredibly important to me. I learned some time. Some of us have families, and system of decisions, informed by science for his work in reinvigorating the student to play bass guitar at 12 years old and have some are homeowners. Some are military and felt through some personal objective. SAF chapter at NCSU and taking the lead played in bands and with friends ever veterans, and even some of us already have It’s a carefully constructed and compiled in developing educational opportunities since. I did a year at University of North a degree. But what we have in common plan to produce something that others can for fellow students, Luff was awarded the Carolina–Asheville before dropping out in is we’re willing to discover and try new feel—whether it’s the wood products they SAF Student Leadership award in 2018. 2004 to go on tour with a punk band. At things, which puts us in a unique position use, the visual beauty of the maintained, In his own words, Luff shares why, after a working forest, or the values in the objec- decade as a musician in a punk rock band, tives being met. Being a silviculturist feels he decided to pursue forestry and what he I strongly believe that the biggest difference SAF like being a musician in a rehearsal space wants to accomplish. can make is when leaders bridge that intangible constructing songs. Not all songs sound the same and not all are equal in quality On his inspiration to pursue forestry gap between student and professional to develop or composition, but those values generally Despite being in a modestly successful vary based on the perspective of the lis- touring band with a growing popularity, I connections, shape minds, and become mentors for tener, and I think that is a good metaphor was feeling an internal pressure to pursue a aspiring future leaders. for managing forests and making silvicul- career path that was part of something big- tural prescriptions. ger than personal achievement and finan- cial success, and my connection to nature that time, music was my sole passion, and of learning while simultaneously applying What SAF can do to help attract and sup- was inspiring me to consider some pursuit I was dedicated to playing and touring in our experiences to our work. port students like him related to the environment. Over the 15 bands for the rest of my life. As a nontraditional student, I am Recognize that we exist and are highly years I lived in Asheville, North Carolina, By my late 20s, I was finally in a band more focused, determined, and motivat- motivated. When I first learned about I became well acquainted with the natural that was modestly successful. However, ed than I ever was the first time around. SAF, my instinct was to jump into a po- environment outside of my artsy, commu- being stuck in a van for hours and weeks While challenging, it has been immensely sition with my student chapter because nity-oriented city. Well-worn hiking trails, at a time, countless nights sleeping on rewarding, and I’m glad that I waited to I needed to stand out amongst my peers. beautiful waterfalls, and popular swim- dirty floors (or trying to sneak eight peo- go back to college. I’ve already been in the Through SAF, I’ve met dozens and doz- ming holes are a defining component of ple into one hotel room at 2 a.m.), and a world in a way that many young students ens of professionals and leaders, and living in western North Carolina. Nearly decade of working dead-end, meaningless have yet to experience. that open door to a greater network 10 years after my first attempt at college, I jobs in between tours became increasingly motivated me to influence my younger looked into the nearest forestry education hard on the mind, body, and spirit. It was Why he decided to study silviculture peers to participate as well. Addition- program at Haywood Community College, also hard on my personal relationships, As a musician, I am highly influenced ally, many of us (if not all) have finan- and less than a month into my first class struggling to balance long tours with be- by the combination of art and problem- cial obligations or other limitations that (dendrology), I was hooked. ing a supportive, loving partner to my solving. Writing music is an artistic pur- make it difficult to travel, pay for events, amazingly patient and supportive wife. suit and a challenge to compile notes and take time off from family and work. On dropping out of college and pursuing and bars in a mathematical structure that For some, it may be difficult to see how musical aspirations On being a “nontraditional student” both demonstrates and evokes emotion. involvement in SAF at this stage pays off There was always a half-hearted expec- In many ways, my academic career has Whether you listen to Sam Cooke, Van in the long run. Incentives don’t have to

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6 The Forestry Source necessarily be financial (though that al- What he will bring to the natural- ways helps), but for those of us willing resources profession to sacrifice what precious little free time As a future professional, I want to be the we have to SAF, it helps to gain some- person who helps others to grow, feel safe thing in return. and comfortable, and be appreciated for My number one objective as the Ap- what they bring to forestry. I want to be palachian SAF student rep was to reignite able to take a chance on the next gener- the Mentorship Dinner event that NC ation of foresters and lift them into posi- State used to host and for it to serve as a tions of leadership—ensuring they have model for other local and student chapters a voice and a seat at the table. That’s my in our district. I strongly believe that the ultimate, long-term goal. Without that, biggest difference SAF can make is when all of my personal achievements, past and leaders bridge that intangible gap between future, are meaningless. There have been student and professional to develop con- many wonderful people who have taken a nections, shape minds, and become men- chance on me, despite being an older, tat- tors for aspiring future leaders. tooed punk rocker. I want to do the same thing for someone who isn’t exactly like On taking a chance on the next genera- me, too, because inclusivity and equity tion of professionals are extremely important to building the The future of forestry is not as demograph- future. ically homogenous as it once was. When I attend conventions, I have the privilege To connect with Jordan Luff, e-mail him of meeting students from UC Berkley, at [email protected]. Southern University, Virginia Tech, Mich- igan State, and beyond. While still pre- dominately white and male (like myself), I SAF News see many young people of color, women, ethnicities, gender [identities], and other The Forestry Source welcomes articles identities and affiliations being represent- and ideas for the SAF News section, ed in the national student body. This is which is devoted to articles about the an exciting time to enter forestry and to activities and accomplishments by see the potential ways in which our vary- SAF members, chapters, or groups ing perspectives and backgrounds inform that highlight good forestry, enhance the future. It is important that we are not public understanding of forests and scared of change or personal differences, forest management, and provide ser- but that we embrace them and learn to ap- vice to the Society and society. Con- preciate each other for them and the value tact Steve Wilent, Editor, 503-622- they provide in expanding how and why 3033, [email protected]. we manage our forests.

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February 2019 7 Urban Forests Need Dead Wood, Too By Andrea Watts illian Martin, director of the Cav- and then added the cavities. The finish- ity Conservation Initiative, based ing touch was trimming the branches, so Gin California’s Orange County, they appeared as though they broke nat- becomes animated when she talks about urally rather than just leaving an upright dead wood. pole. “We have lost an appreciation of the The snag is still upright after 18 importance of dead wood to wildlife, not years, but Baker acknowledges that snags only to cavity-nesting birds but wildlife require management just as living trees [in general]. In my presentations, I tell do. “If you’re creating snags in a managed people, ‘Nature designed trees to have setting, you have to think about what’s two lives: one as a living healthy mature going to happen as it deteriorates,” he tree and one when it starts to decline.’ said. “They still can be pretty large, mas- The habitat value of a tree when it starts sive things, but also know they are get- to decline skyrockets and serves more ting lighter as the wood decays.” species of wildlife—assuming it’s in an One tool that arborists can use to ideal location—than the tree ever did determine the safety of snags is the In- when it was alive and healthy.” ternational Society of Arboriculture’s Best Martin has championed the utility of Management Practices: Tree Risk Assess- dead wood for nearly 30 years. More than ment, which was released in 2005 (the 80 North American bird species are cavi- second edition was published in 2017— ty dwellers and require snags in which to see tinyurl.com/y88gmxte). However, nest; in addition, dead trees and downed as Martin found in Orange County, this wood also provide a source of prey and new educational resource didn’t mean shelter for numerous wildlife species. the arborist community would readily re- In forests subject to timber harvests, tain dead trees, which is why she became state regulations and best management a member of the Western Chapter of ISA practices (BMPs) require landowners to to help prompt a change in the industry. maintain these habitat structures. How- “Joining the arboriculture commu- ever, cavity-dwelling birds aren’t exclu- nity is one of the smartest moves I ever sively found in managed forests, which made,” she said. “You need to under- is why Martin and a handful of arborists stand the standards by which they work; are calling attention to the lack of dead you need to understand the pressures trees within urban forests. and limitations under which they work. “There’s a notable lack of anything When you see and understand them, you dead in urban landscapes, and there are see opportunities to work together.” [even] places in recreational landscapes According to Martin, arborists are where, for other reasons, there’s also a important agents for maintaining and lack of standing or tall dead trees,” ex- creating diversity in the urban forest, and plained Scott Baker, an arborist and own- as the point of contact for both the public er of Tree Solutions Inc., which is located and urban foresters, they can serve as ed- in Seattle, Washington. “In cities, people ucators regarding the value of dead trees. just want to clean everything up, and so French added that when arborists dead trees are generally looked at as an are contacted by a landowner, the ex- eyesore. Neighbors get upset, and they’re pected outcome is the arborist is going to just removed as a matter of course.” come and remove the tree. “That we can That the public considers standing Liability is the primary reason why dead wood is often not retained in urban forests; however, resources change the expectation of dead trees hav- dead trees an eyesore is just one expla- such as the International Society of Arboriculture’s Best Management Practices: Tree Risk Assessment can ing no value is the reason my emphasis be used to manage snags. Photograph courtesy of Gillian Martin, Cavity Conservation Initiative. nation for the lack of dead wood in the is on the cavity-creation work,” he said. urban environment. A far more common While working with clients, Baker reason is due to the perceived risk asso- also calls attention to the value of retain- ciated with retaining dying or dead trees That the public considers standing dead trees ing downed wood in backyards rather in areas frequented by people. an eyesore is just one explanation for the lack than hauling it away. “People don’t re- “I’ve always questioned the ways alize that leaving a chunk of the tree in we’re managing our trees in our urban of dead wood in the urban environment. their garden bed is fabulous gardening environments,” explained Brian French, practice. It saves water and can have aes- an arborist based in Portland, Oregon. “If thetic value,” he said. “If people under- I were to suggest we leave a dead branch tary base located in Washington State’s guarding public safety are not mutually stand that dead and dying trees are part in a tree because it is being used by a Pierce County. Schilling was given per- exclusive. of the habitat, the best an arborist can do bird who’s pulling ants out of it, and it’s mission to leave snags, and French saw “When a tree dies, it is still a tree is be mindful of their ecosystem.” January, and the bird doesn’t have an- firsthand how a chainsaw could create and can be managed as a tree when we’re And what occurred in California a other place to find food, I would hear, ‘If cavities for cavity-dwelling birds. He re- talking about liability and risk,” he ex- few years ago is a warning of what can you find the information that says that’s calls being struck by the realization that plained. “As arborists, we’re trained to happen if the greater arboriculture in- okay, then we can change our policies “Oh, my God, arborists can do some- look at the risk potential and likelihood dustry isn’t proactive in protecting wild- around that.’ Urban-forest management thing [when it comes to wildlife habitat]. of failure and the outcomes and severity life habitat. After a number of significant is focused on liability, and it’s very fear- We can actually make a difference effec- of the outcomes.” violations against protected wildlife spe- based.” tively by using the skills only we have. Baker performed such a risk as- cies by arboriculture companies in south- French is the owner of Arboriculture It’s not like anyone can go put a cavity up sessment for a snag creation project he ern California, several cities and Orange International LLC., a company he started 80 feet in a Douglas-fir.” undertook at Audubon’s Seattle office County established moratoriums on in 2014 because he wanted the freedom French advocates for creating snags in 2000. One of his associates noticed pruning or removing trees during breed- to practice arboriculture that concurrent- where it can be done safely, and as a re- fungus on the base of a Douglas-fir tree ing season. “That cut out six months of ly maintains habitat for cavity-dwelling sult of an initiative he started in 2015, located near the building. Recognizing work for that entire industry of land- birds. The inspiration for this business which calls for enhancing urban forests that the tree was dying, Baker suggested scaping and arboriculture for whole cit- decision was August “Auggie” Schilling, for cavity dwellers, there are 400 new the tree be turned into a snag to serve as ies,” French said. “That was alarming for an arborist French worked with on a job snags in the Portland area on both city an educational opportunity. A strength the commercial sector.” That moratorium that called for removing trees from power and private land. His work demonstrates test confirmed the tree was sturdy. Bak- spread throughout California. In 2015, a line right-of-ways on Fort Lewis, a mili- that maintaining dead trees and safe- er oversaw the removal of the tree’s top roundtable funded by the California De-

8 The Forestry Source partment of Forestry and Fire Protection was convened to develop wildlife BMPs; the BMPs have since been adopted and the moratoriums lifted. Although the trend toward retaining dead wood in urban forests isn’t a stan- dard practice yet, there is an upwelling of interest within the arboriculture commu- nity across the nation. Martin, in collab- oration with Andrew Trotter, vice-presi- dent of West Coast Arborists, formed an organization called Tree Care for Birds and Other Wildlife in 2015. A group of stakeholders from the industry, as well as Audubon and wildlife advocates, wrote best management practices that recog- nized the habitat value of trees, both living and dead, and provided guidance on how to prevent harm to nesting birds during tree care and how to enhance tree habitat. The organization is now a pro- gram under the Western Chapter of the Forestry Rings ISA and isn’t just applicable in California; it’s now being adopted in Nevada, Arizo- Just $64.95 na, and Hawaii. A committee is current- These extremely durable rings are ly reviewing the BMPs and customizing made from tungsten carbide with an them to these additional states. inlay of Michigan Butternut. But for Martin, it’s the success at the local level that reinforces the value of her Order yours at www.eforester.org/ outreach efforts. Two months ago, she Store/Rings.aspx. received a photograph from a park rang- er and was “blown away,” she said. The photograph was of a dead swamp mahog- any that the park’s tree care contractor, West Coast Arborists, turned into a snag. But it was the snag’s location that delight- ed Martin: “I had never imagined I would To help communicate the habitat value of dead trees, Brian French, owner of Portland-based Arboriculture International LLC., installs signs by snags. Photograph courtesy of Brian French, Arboriculture International see a dead tree by a playground.” LLC.

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February 2019 9 BIOMETRIC BITS

Assignment: Compare and Contrast the Relascope and Terrestrial Lidar Tools By Zack Parisa was talking with a few forestry stu- whereas the range of TLS instruments is dents at a conference and this question still early in their development arc and Icame up: Are there any similarities will take time to settle into a refined form. between terrestrial lidar scanning (TLS) My first time picking up a relascope tools and the relascope? If you were just was as an undergrad in a basement store- starting out today, what would you buy? room, and without instruction I was hope- Here’s an answer to this question. To be lessly lost. Relascopes aren’t commonly fair, it’s the boiled-down version of a long used in the South, where I was, and where conversation. the benefit of built-in slope correction The first bad joke that sprang to mind isn’t as important as it might be in parts of was that neither TLSs nor relascopes make the Pacific Northwest. After a little reading sense the first time you pick them up, but and a bit of practice, I was hooked on a eventually, they both make perfect sense. tool that just worked. TLSs came (for me) However, this deserves a more thought- about 10 years later in a demonstration ful response. The most obvious similarity with a device that looked way too delicate is that the objective of both instruments and way too expensive to go anywhere (granting that there are many versions near the stands I was working in. It was of TLS instruments that I will lump to- slow and buggy, and the data processing gether here for simplicity) is pretty much was challenging, to say the least. But less the same. Both are used to measure the than year later, I saw something faster heights and diameters of trees and, in and a little more rugged. And after a few some cases, to summarize such data into weeks working with that tool, it became plot-level attributes like basal area. At first intuitive—just part of the process. That’s it seems like the way that the instruments how it is with most tools, the first go is Walter Bitterlich's prototype relascope. Photo by Kim Iles. accomplish this is totally different—and awkward and different until you use them that’s partially true—but the underlying enough to adapt. concept of using relative measures (angle The cruise information I would want as interchangeable. The question then represented as the diameter of a given tree or time) to make or reconstruct absolute to get from a TLS instrument is the same becomes, “Is having significantly more at a given height. Complicated, huh? But measures (diameter and height) is the as what I would get from a relascope: tree height/diameter measurements per tree that complexity can be worth it when the same. And like all tools, they each have heights, diameters, and height/diame- on a plot worth it?” This is a big question, work yields thousands of height/diameter development and adoption arcs, but are at ter pairs, but with a TLS I’d expect a lot and the answer depends heavily on the pairs—if that’s what you need. different places along these arcs. The rela- more of these measurements per plot. In purpose of the overall inventory effort. In Finally, the similarity between these scope available today is highly evolved, that sense, the tools could be thought of brief, my opinion is that if it isn’t “worth tools (and pretty much every other tool) is it” already, it will be very shortly. that they have development arcs and that Walter Bitterlich’s relascope design is they happen to be at different places along an elegant and evolved manifestation of them. Development arcs are the long pro- Forest Inventory Contract a simple but powerful idea that changed cesses that exist between ideas, proto- forest measurements and biometrics. It types, first versions, and the fully evolved Solicitation Notice represents our turn toward relative rath- version. That kind of evolution happens USDA Forest Service, Northern Research er than absolute measures. The important through trial and error and through in- Station, Forest Inventory & Analysis conceptual kernel is that relative mea- cremental progress. For example, think of sures are often easier and more effective cars—the first steam powered “cars” were Notice of new upcoming 2019 federal government Blank Purchase Agree- to collect than direct measures and can different from the Ford Model T, which ment (BPA) to complete forest inventory data collection work in the be translated to recover the attributes we is different from the F-150, though the care most about—basal area, for example. underlying concepts are largely the same. following locations: Bitterlich’s ingenious tool can be seen as a The relascope is more fully evolved than conceptual bridge to the newer and more the TLS gear you can buy now, but TLS is 1. Urban Forest Inventory of New York City and Bridgeport, CT, CT abstracted measurement tools and meth- evolving rapidly, becoming more rugged, statewide and surrounding commuting areas in NY and CT. ods like TLSs. Considering what new tools faster, and less expensive. 2. Statewide forest inventory in the state of North Dakota including ur- are actually measuring and how we can If I were just starting out in forestry, ban inventory in Fargo and ND statewide urban forest inventory plots. consistently relate these measures to the I would take a hard look at the work I’d tree and forest attributes we are most con- be doing and what benefit having lots of 3. Forest inventory of southern Ohio cerned about is critical to understanding height/diameter measurements would 4. Urban inventories Cleveland, OH, Pittsburgh, PA, Washington, DC, how new tools can be more or less helpful give over the few I could easily get with with the option of statewide West Virginia urban plots. in specific contexts. the trusty relascope. I’d look at the cost The relascope actually measures the of both, and I would try to balance my 5. Urban inventory of Lincoln, Nebraska, inventory of southern Iowa percent angle that the diameter of a tree optimism with some pragmatism. Tools and northcentral Illinois appears to occupy at a given distance, are an investment—and making sure you which can be directly converted into the have the right tool to get the right mea- 6. Inventory of the Adirondack region of New York. diameter of that tree when you know the surements for the job is part of being a distance. Cleverly applied, many measure- professional forester. This work and future contract work will be posted on the Federal Business ments and summaries (e.g., basal area) are Opportunities website at: https://www.fbo.gov/ possible, making for a very efficient tool. Zack Parisa is a cofounder of SilviaTerra TLS instruments actually measure the (silviaterra.com). To search for opportunities, new prospective contractors can type in the time it takes for a laser pulse to travel to NAICS 115310 in the Keyword/Solicitation # prompt on the Home page. a tree and back, and doing that for hun- Forest Inventory Topics The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is a Federal dreds of thousands or millions of itera- Do you have a question about for- business classification system based on type of work performed. The tions. Since we know the speed of light, est inventory technology and tech- NAICS code used to classify the FIA work is 115310, Support Activities for these recorded times can be converted into niques? An article suggestion for the distances and viewed as a cloud of points. Forestry. Biometric Bits or Dr. DBH columns? Points may be grouped into sets that rep- Contact Steve Wilent, Editor, 503- Inquiries contact: Bob Ilgenfritz – Supervisory Forester for NRS FIA, at resent trees and the range of these points 622-3033, [email protected]. 610-557-4061. along a horizontal plane can (finally) be

10 The Forestry Source FORESTRY AROUND THE WORLD

Malawi Is Putting Its Money Where Its Forests Are By Katie Reytar, Sabin Ray, and Lucas Toh early all—96 percent—of Mala- Youth Forest Restoration Program, recog- Strategy, which provides clear targets and initiatives, Malawi recently became the wi’s rapidly growing population nizing that a sustainable future lies in the priority interventions for increasing forest first AFR100 member country to publish Ndepends on wood or charcoal for hands of the country’s youth, who need a cover as a means of achieving critical de- a national framework for measuring cooking. Meanwhile, land is continuously bold demonstration of the value of forests. velopment goals. progress on restoration. The joint World being cleared to grow crops, since nearly 80 Under the new initiative, the Department Resources Institute and the United States percent of the nation’s population relies on of Forestry will work with the Ministry Ensuring Future Success by Measuring Agency for International Development agriculture for their livelihoods. As in other of Labour, Youth, and Manpower Devel- Progress PERFORM (Protecting Ecosystems and countries in sub-Saharan Africa, these two opment to set up youth groups across the To measure the impact made by the Youth Restoring Forests in Malawi) project factors put pressure on forests, increasing country. The young people will receive a Forest Restoration Program and similar supported this effort. climate-warming emissions, disrupting wa- daily wage for planting trees and, later on, tersheds, and reducing biodiversity. the program will introduce bonuses based Malawi’s government is determined on how many trees survive and how much to combat this potentially disastrous trend forest management improves. by investing in long-term solutions for This type of domestic support to re- natural-resources management, and has store degraded land in Malawi is ground- recently announced a $7 million (5 billion breaking, even among a network of African Malawian kwacha) program for forest res- countries that have shown tremendous toration. For an emerging economy like commitment to restoration through the Malawi, this is a huge investment equiv- AFR100 initiative. To date, as part of this alent to nearly 4 percent of the govern- initiative, 27 countries, including Malawi, ment’s annual spending. have collectively pledged to restore 111 Malawi, in southeastern Africa, occu- million hectares (274 million acres) of de- pies 11.78 million hectares, an area nearly graded and deforested land across Africa the size of Pennsylvania. by 2030. Malawi has pledged to restore 4.5 million hectares (11 million acres), Malawi’s Youth Take Center Stage more than one-third of the country’s Malawi’s Ministry of Natural Resources, land area. As a result, last year, Malawi’s Energy, and Mining will use this substan- government launched a first-of-its-kind tial funding to implement the Malawi National Forest Landscape Restoration Communities assess different restoration techniques in the Khole watershed with support from the US- AID-Njira project, a USAID-funded effort designed to improve food security among vulnerable households in southern Malawi. Photo by Sabin Ray/WRI.

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February 2019 11 The new framework focuses on col- FOREST PRODUCTS MARKETPLACE lecting household data to show wheth- er restoration is achieving its intended goals. For example, if rural Malawians are spending less time on firewood col- California OSB Manufacturing: Holy Grail of the OSB Industry? lection, this may indicate an increase in By Roy Anderson the availability of energy resources such as wood or charcoal due to successful n this article, I will explore the feasibil- community forest management. Or, if a ity of manufacturing oriented-strand household is better able to weather cli- Iboard (OSB) in Northern California, mate shocks (such as drought or land- a timely topic in the wake of the Carr, slides), it may highlight that restoration Camp, and Mendocino Complex wildfires practices are improving climate resil- that struck the region in 2018. The three ience. Practitioners leading restoration fires combined affected nearly 850,000 programs can use these data to learn acres, destroyed nearly 21,000 structures, from past successes or identify areas in and tragically claimed nearly 100 lives. need of additional support. The raw materials used to make OSB Examining the data highlights the can include small-diameter trees. OSB importance of measuring progress to plants typically use large quantities of understand the impact of restoration such materials. Thus, developing a plant programs and to know where more in- in Northern California would provide a vestment is needed. For example, house- cost-effective means of carrying out wild- hold data collected in 2016 showed that fire-hazard reduction and forest health– fewer than one in every 10 Malawian management treatments on many thou- households received advice from local sands of acres each year. extension officers (professionals who In 2017, North American OSB de- work closely with farmers to commu- mand was about 23.1 billion square feet nicate best practices) on how to better (all references in this article to OSB pan- Figure 1. Oriented strand board (OSB) plants in North America. Source: The Beck Group. manage their forest and agricultural re- el square footage have been normalized sources. But of those who received sup- to a 3/8-inch thickness basis). The Beck port, only about 64 percent followed the Group’s analysis of OSB end-use markets • Siting considerations Our research also found that regula- advice for forestry management and 50 found that the 2017 demand for OSB tory and permitting issues are notorious- percent for agriculture. In both cases, within 500 miles of Northern California • Permitting and regulatory issues— ly difficult processes in California. One women received advice less often than was about 2.8 billion square feet, or about always an issue, but especially strategy identified for mitigating these men, but they were more likely to follow 12 percent of all North American demand. important in California issues was to utilize natural gas for the the advice. This revealed a need for fur- However, as shown in Figure 1, there are process steam used in manufacturing ther investment in extension services, more than 50 OSB plants in North Amer- A critical decision early in the process OSB. While this approach creates higher more research on why people adopt res- ica, but none are less than 1,200 miles was establishing the size of a prospective operating costs than the more-tradition- toration practices, and more resources from California’s large OSB market. In the plant. As our analysis evolved, we moved al practice of combusting byproducts to target women. next few paragraphs, I’ll briefly explore from a relatively small plant with annual (bark, fines, and so on), the higher costs Bringing important insights like this why this situation exists and then outline production of about 475 million square feet are offset by the ability to operate a com- to the fore through measuring progress the business case for developing an OSB (MMSF) to a larger plant with a capacity petitively scaled plant in California with is helping to drive successful restoration manufacturing facility near the California of about 750 MMSF/year. The larger plant emissions that are well within allowable in Malawi, allowing the government to market. would consume about 550,000 bone-dry levels. We also believe there are opportu- achieve its national restoration goals. Why are there no OSB plants in the tons of raw material annually. Our raw-ma- nities for strategic partnerships that may This year, the Malawi Youth For- western US? Quite frankly, I’m not sure. terial supply analysis found that topwood allow for more flexibility in navigating est Restoration Program plans to restore The most likely reason is that in much of from ongoing sawtimber harvests, small-di- the permitting process and allow for uti- 125,000 hectares of land (more than the western US a relatively high percent- ameter trees from forest-health treatments, lization of byproducts. 300,000 acres). The youth will plant age of the timberland is under the control and sawmill byproducts, such as lumber We also developed a comprehensive fruit trees and bamboo and learn how to of federal and state government agencies. trim ends, slabs, and edgings, could sup- financial model for the prospective plant. manage their local forests. And Malawi’s Greatly reduced timber harvests on public ply nearly two times the prospective plant’s Our analysis indicates that, while building new framework to measure progress will lands over the last 30 years and a trend annual raw material requirement. As I men- a plant is a significant capital investment, support the government as it looks to in- of increasing average OSB plant size have tioned in the introduction, the recent wild- the project would have solid financial re- crease these types of initiatives and reach combined to reduce the certainty of a fires in California, while unfortunate and turns. There is also potential for upside its 4.5-million-hectare (11-million-acre) cost-effective raw material supply. Indeed, tragic, may have created a situation in which to financial performance through strategic restoration goal. Malawi’s investment is during the early days of the OSB indus- community and political leaders are ready to partnerships to reduce operating costs, le- looking promising indeed. try, when harvest levels on public lands fully support a large wood-products manu- veraging incentive programs (tax breaks, were higher and the average plant size facturing facility that can utilize the fuel that low-interest loans, etc.) and diversifying Katie Reytar is a research associate, Sa- was much smaller, there were OSB plants has built up in the region’s forests. the product mix to include some high- bin Ray is a research analyst II, and Lucas operating at various locations throughout Regarding markets, we modeled a er-value items. Toh is a research analyst and special assistant the US West. plant that would produce a mix of com- I would love to hear your thoughts with the World Resources Institute (WRI). modity OSB sheathing and underlayment about this article. If you are interested in This article was originally published The Business Case for California OSB products. However, there would be consid- pursuing this concept as a developer of by the WRI in December (tinyurl.com/ In 2016 and in later work completed early erable upside if the plant were designed to an OSB plant, please contact me to learn y976p4dy). It appears here with WRI’s per- in 2018, the Beck Group, KTC Industrial also produce some value-added, specialty more. mission. Engineering, and an OSB industry mem- products, such as custom-size panels for ber worked together to assess the feasibil- export to Asia and panels with flame-resis- Roy Anderson is vice-president of the ity of developing an OSB plant in North- tance or thermal heat shield-barrier over- Beck Group (beckgroupconsulting.com), a for- Letters to the Editor ern California. The key factors evaluated lays. At a production volume of 750 MMSF est-products consulting service based in Port- included: per year, we estimate the nearby annual land, Oregon. Contact him at 503-684-3406 Agree? Disagree? The Forestry OSB market size is nearly four times larg- or [email protected]. Source welcomes letters to the • Raw material supply and cost er than the capacity of the plant. We also estimate that a Northern California OSB editor. Send letters to Steve • Market-related issues, including plant would enjoy an average of about a The Forestry Source welcomes arti- cles from SAF working groups that Wilent at wilents@safnet product mix, the finished-panel trans- $35/MSF freight cost advantage over oth- portation-cost advantage, and product er North American OSB producers when are of interest to the broader mem- .org or 10100 Laureate Way, sales values shipping product to market. That amount bership. For information, contact is about 15 percent of the long-term aver- Steve Wilent, Editor, 503-622-3033, Bethesda, MD 20814. • Capital and operating costs age OSB sales value. [email protected].

12 The Forestry Source INDUSTRY NEWS

Mass-Timber Market Analysis  The $100‐million, 300,000‐square‐foot An recent analysis of the present and fu-  plant employs more than 130 full-time em- ture market for cross-laminated timbers  ployees and will generate an estimated $5 (CLTs) and other mass-timber products  million in annual payroll. states that “The business case for Mass Tim-  In December, GP held a groundbreak-  ber is solid, with potential benefits includ-  ing ceremony for a $135 million, 340,000‐ ing lower cost, strong fire and seismic per- square-foot softwood lumber mill in Warren-  formance, aesthetics, and environmental  ton, Georgia, which will replace an older mill. performance.” The analysis was conduct-  ed by the Beck Group, a forest-products  Roseburg Acquires Del-Tin Fiber consulting service based in Portland, Or-  Roseburg Forest Products, which is based in  

egon, on behalf of the Council of Western  Oregon, recently reached an agreement with State Foresters (CWSF). See tinyurl.com/   PotlatchDeltic Corp. to purchase the assets yas92cdn. of its subsidiary Del-Tin Fiber LLC, includ-  Among the report’s conclusions:  ing its medium density fiberboard (MDF)   plant located in El Dorado, Arkansas. The • Progress is being made to reduce barri-          acquisition will be Roseburg’s third MDF ers to the expansion of mass timber mar- plant purchase in three years. The company   kets, including building code revisions, acquired Pembroke MDF in eastern Ontario, increased building industry awareness The Beck Group anticipates that US housing starts will increase at a faster rate than lumber production in Canada, in early 2018, and an MDF plant in of mass timber, and expanding supplies North America. Lumber demand, which is closely linked to housing starts, is likely to outpace supply (even Medford, Oregon, in 2015. apart from the increased demand related to mass-timber projects). From Mass Timber Market Analysis a of mass timber products. The market report from the Beck Group on behalf of the Council of Western State Foresters. “Roseburg is gradually expanding its for CLT in the CWSF region is estimat- geographic footprint in North America in ed to be 9 million cubic feet in 2020 high-performing markets with growth po- (about 100 million Scribner board feet tential,” said Roseburg president and CEO of increased log demand). By 2025, the Grady Mulbery. “The El Dorado facility in market is expected to double. Arkansas will allow us to leverage synergies • Mass timber panel manufacturing is with our existing southern composite panel expanding rapidly to meet growing de- plants, while delivering our successful MDF mand. Of the 15 existing and announced brands to a broader customer base.” plants, 5 are located in CWSF states. Green Diamond in Alabama • CLT producers will likely focus on pur- Green Diamond Management Co., a sub- chasing #2 grade lumber in 2x6 and 2x8 sidiary of Green Diamond Resource Co., re- sizes. This combination of grade and size cently announced the purchase of more than represents about 20% of the output of a 92,000 acres of timberland in Alabama from typical dimension lumber mill. Sustainable Woodlands Fund LP and its tim- • Log demand will be strong in Western berland manager, the Molpus Woodlands states throughout the forecast, with the Group LLC, of Jackson, Mississippi. The potential to draw additional volumes of transaction, in partnership with Silver Creek timber from forest restoration treat- Mass Timber: The John W. Olver Design Building at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, completed in Capital Management of Seattle, comes on 2017, was supported by the MA State Legislature as a demonstration project for wood structures. The $52 the heels of another 41,000-acre purchase ments, especially on undermanaged million, 87,500-square-foot building features a mass-timber wood structure consisting of an exposed glulam federal lands. State forest programs may frame (columns, beams, braces); cross-laminated timber (CLT) and concrete composite floors; CLT shaft walls in the US South, bringing the partnership’s have the opportunity to drive more fed- for stairs, elevator, and mechanical shafts; and a three-story CLT staircase in the atrium. total land ownership in the region to about a eral timber into the market using Good half-million acres. Neighbor Authority agreements. Citing “growing interest in mass timber the past few years has been that the market “In the past year, our company’s invest- and tall wood buildings,” WoodWorks will share for overseas lumber supply to the US ments in timberland have grown substan- In December, the International Code partner with the Chicago Regional Coun- has increased at the expense of Canadian tially, thanks in part to our partnership with Council released unofficial voting re- cil of Carpenters Apprentice and Training supply…. The Canadian share has fallen Silver Creek,” stated Douglas Reed, president sults showing that council members have Program to provide mass-timber installer from 95% of total imports in 2016 to 91% of Green Diamond. “We have established a approved expanded building codes for training to construction professionals in in 2018. significant presence in the US South in addi- mass-timber structures. The new provisions the greater Chicago area. The training pro- “Lumber exports from Canada were tion to our long-standing operations on the will be included in the 2021 International gram is intended to serve as a model for down in all markets in the 3Q, and the total West Coast.” Building Code (IBC). training across the US and to “help ensure export volume was down 4.3% [compared the availability of experienced construction to the same period in 2017]. Almost 80% of Brazil Ships More Wood More Mass Timber News professionals to meet increasing demand for the shipments were destined for the United Brazil’s exports of softwood lumber in- California’s Government Operations Agency buildings made from cross-laminated timber States. During the first nine months of 2018, creased 36 percent from January through will award $500,000 in grants as part of the (CLT) and other mass timber products.” export volumes to China were 16% lower November 2018, compared to the same statewide California Mass Timber Building than the same period last year.” period in 2017, reports Wood Resourc- Competition. Grants will be awarded to se- Global Lumber Trade Down es International LLC (www.woodprices lected teams presenting viable and repeat- According to Wood Resources Internation- Georgia-Pacific Adjusts .com). able mass-timber solutions for commercial al LLC’s Wood Resource Quarterly newsletter Georgia-Pacific (GP) announced in January “In US dollar terms, the export price has and multifamily projects in California. The (www.woodprices.com), global trade of soft- that it is exiting the communication papers only gone up a modest three percent from competition is being hosted by GovOps and wood lumber from January through Septem- business, which it said is a declining mar- the 3Q/17 to the 3Q/18, but because of the administered by WoodWorks–Wood Prod- ber 2018 was down 2.5 percent compared to ket. The company will permanently shut weakening Brazilian Real, there has been a ucts Council. The deadline for grant requests the same period in 2017. China, Japan, the down the communication papers machines, 26% increase in the export price in the lo- is March 18, 2019. United Kingdom, and nations in the Middle and related converting assets, as well as cal currency over the past year. This devel- “By showcasing the architectural and East and North Africa region reduced their the woodyard, pulp mill, and a significant opment has led sawmills to expand export commercial viability of advanced mass tim- imports, while the US and continental Eu- portion of the energy complex at its Port sales, which has resulted in higher demand ber products in construction, the competi- rope imported more lumber during the pe- Hudson, Louisiana, facility. The move will for sawlogs. As a consequence, there has tion is intended to support employment op- riod than in the same three quarters of 2017. eliminate nearly 700 jobs. The Port Hudson been continued upward pressure on log portunities in rural communities, contribute “After US lumber imports reached a plant will continue to manufacture products prices, which reached a new all-time-high to the health and resiliency of California for- 10-year high in the 2Q/18, import volumes for the growing consumer tissue and towel in the 3Q/18, according to Wood Resource ests, and advance sustainability in the built fell 3.5% to 9.44 million m3 in the 3Q/18, business. Quarterly. This increase is a continuation of a environment,” said a GovOps announce- which was still over ten percent more than Also in January, GP began production at trend that started in 2013 when sawlog pric- ment. in the same quarter in 2017. The trend over its new lumber mill in Talladega, Alabama. es averaged BRL125/m3.”

February 2019 13 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Tree-ring Analysis Explains Intolerance Brought on by Fire Suppression By Steve Lundeberg ree rings tell the story of what’s happening physiologically as fire Tsuppression makes forests more dense and less tolerant of drought, pests, and wildfires, new research shows. Sci- entists at Oregon State University (OSU) and Utah State University studied 2,800 hectares of mixed-conifer forest in cen- tral Oregon, with many of the ponderosa pines in the study area dating back hun- dreds of years prior to 1910, when putting out wildfires became federal policy. Other trees in the area, where fire history has been studied extensively, were younger, comparatively fire- and drought-intoler- ant grand firs. The findings, recently published in Global Change Biology, indicate that as stands of trees became thicker over the past century, trees were forced to use pro- gressively more of the heavier stable iso- tope of carbon for photosynthesis, which indicates increasing drought stress as trees restricted the passage of gases into their leaves. The research also suggests that ris- ing carbon dioxide levels—atmospheric

CO2 has increased 40 percent since the dawn of the industrial age—can’t help Cross-section of a fire-scarred tree with fire dates from 1604 to 1751. Photo: OSU. trees overcome the effects of forests having become more dense without fires. annual tree rings, and there are.” “We wanted to document the tra- A tree adds a ring for each year of jectory of sensitivity to drought stress in growth; in a conifer, the ring consists of a response to progressively increasing fire lighter-colored “early wood” portion and deficits, and the threshold level of stand a darker-colored “late wood” component. occupancy where decreasing resistance Ring-size variation reflects tempera- and resilience to drought stress, bark bee- ture and precipitation at the time the tles, and wildfire set in,” said study coau- growth occurred. The chemistry of each thor Christopher Still of the OSU College ring tells a tale too, including whether a of Forestry. “This was an intersection of tree was able to use more of the lighter fire ecology and physiological ecology— carbon-12 isotope it prefers, or had to re- two areas [of study] that don’t meet up as sort to using relatively more of the heavier often as they should.” carbon-13 isotope for photosynthesis. Before 1910, frequent low-severity Tree-ring carbon isotope records surface fires played a key role in maintain- also have shown that trees respond to ing the forests of the dry mountain regions drought by becoming more efficient of the western United States. In the de- with their water use. What hadn’t been cades since, the fire deficits that resulted known, however, was whether increases from federal policy—in concert with graz- in water-use efficiency, bolstered by ris- ing, logging, and land-use changes—have ing CO2 concentrations, were enough to caused major structural shifts in older for- overcome increased drought stress re- ests as shade-tolerant and fire-intolerant sulting from a recent in-growth pulse of species have moved in. younger, fire-intolerant trees. Over the same period, concentrations “Increased tree density seems to out- of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have weigh the benefits of carbon dioxide ‘fer- not only been rising, but are doing so at an tilization,’” Merschel said. “It’s not neces- Andrew Merschel, a graduate student at Oregon State University, inspects a fire scar. Photo: OSU. increasing rate; the higher CO2 concentra- sarily bad if younger, drought-sensitive tions have an effect on leaf gas exchange, trees that established since fire exclusion the processes through which trees obtain die, because that’s consistent with the way institutions also shows that denser forests will expand tree-ring isotope analyses into oxygen for respiration and carbon dioxide these forests used to look—more open, al- reduce snowpack across the Northwest,” different areas of Oregon and other parts for photosynthesis. lowing ponderosa pine to live to be 600 Voelker said. “We cannot predict exactly of the western United States to assess the “We’ve known for a long time that years old. Fewer trees and reduced com- how all of these factors affecting forests effect of increased competition across co- fire suppression has led to crowded for- petition allow the old, fire-resistant trees will interact in the future, but it is certain nifer forests where it might be dryer and ests, which means more competition for that have survived centuries of drought, that lower-density forests will have more hotter—and thereby provide a more com- resources,” said OSU College of Forestry insects, and fire to persist as the structural snow and less drought stress.” prehensive view of how forest resilience graduate student Andrew Merschel, an- backbone of dry forests.” And without “major changes to policy has changed because of fire suppression. other study coauthor. “And because of Lead author Steven Voelker of Utah and management aimed at reducing stand The US Forest Service, Oregon State that, trees are more prone to drought, State University notes that drought sen- densities,” many forests in central Oregon University, and the Utah Agricultural Ex- which makes sense—there’s less water sitivity of forests in the dry mountain will cross a threshold that makes them periment Station supported this research. reaching deep below ground and more regions of the Pacific Northwest may be less resistant to drought and less resilient trees pumping it out. Our research shows compounded as climate change increases to wildfires and bark beetle outbreaks, he in a physiological way what’s happening. the length of the snow-free season. said. Steve Lundeberg is a news writer at Or- We thought there would be signals in the “Recent research from OSU and other Future work by this research group egon State University.

14 The Forestry Source COMMENTARY

FIRz: Turning the Spotlight on Forest-Sector Innovation By Carlton N. Owen efore the advent of modern sen- sors, canaries were used as bio- Blogical indicators of air quality in mines. If the bird fell from its perch, miners didn’t stand around debating the meaning. In the greater forest sector, we’ve adapted all kinds of tools and technolo- gies, from drones to satellites, to improve the speed and quality of information gathered to aid in decisionmaking. Yet in all too many cases, we still depend on 19th-century tools to address 21st-cen- tury challenges. Need we look further than our primary response to disease- and pest-afflicted trees, which most often entails simply cutting them down? According to the January 14, 2019, issue of Time, government-funded re- Carlton N. Owen, president and CEO of the US search and development spending in the Endowment for Forestry and Communities. US declined from 1.2 percent of the na- tion’s gross domestic product (GDP) in a light on faltering R&D investments, 1976 to 0.8 percent of GDP in 2016. At but suggested some systemic the same time, what once was a mix of 70 changes that could help mitigate the percent federal investment to 30 percent impacts of reduced investment. from the private sector is now reversed. The most recent numbers available for • The potential to link water consum- the forest sector are even more dire: the ers with upstream water producers equivalent of about 0.5 percent of sales is (forestland owners) was proven, spent on research—and that was prior to whereby the City of Raleigh is the Great Recession! investing $2.2 million annually in There are no quick or easy fixes. forest management and protection in With a $22 trillion federal deficit (which its watershed. is growing by nearly $1 trillion/year), it isn’t likely that we will see increases • Investment was made into the in federal funding for research. What’s establishment of the nation’s first more, as industry has rapidly disman- commercial-scale wood torrefac- tled the vertically integrated model and tion facility in hopes of providing a moved toward a segmented value chain, market for low-value wood choking it is difficult to envision change emanat- our national forests and stoking The US Endowment for Forestry and Communities released Final Report: Blue Ribbon Commission on ing from corporate America. catastrophic wildfires. Forest and Forest Products Research and Development in the 21st Century in 2017. See tinyurl.com/ Beyond wringing our hands or sit- y6vq352e. ting on a rock and waiting for the apoc- • Bureaucratic and racial barriers were alypse, what are we to do? We of one broken, resulting in more than 1,000 ests. The inaugural FIRz forum will be tion. Oh, and by the way, 16 presenta- small organization, the US Endowment black landowning families across held at the University of Georgia on Sep- tions of ideas at FIRz 2019 that are voted for Forestry and Communities, have de- seven southern states engaging in tember 18, 2019. We’re so confident that “Most Likely to Make a Lasting Differ- cided that we will do what we can to be, active forest management. it will grow to be the forest sector’s “must ence” will earn $10,000 to help advance if not “the” sector’s change agent, at least attend” innovation event that we’ve al- their vision. Join the movement! one of the few that are trying. Our early • Most recently, one-third of the funds ready scheduled FIRz 2020 at Oregon track record suggests that we can make a were provided for a multiyear effort State University—see the “z”? Carlton N. Owen is president and CEO difference. Among our early successes— that will see building codes allow FIRz isn’t a forum to report routine of the US Endowment for Forestry and all of which were achieved with a broad mass-timber buildings of up to 18 research results or to debate the latest Communities, which was founded in 2006 at array of partners: stories from the current six-story policy dispute. Rather, FIRz creates a the request of the governments of the United limit. space for presenting well-formed ideas States and Canada in accordance with the • The Softwood Lumber Board about forests, forest management, for- terms of the Softwood Lumber Agreement established the sector’s first national We’ve had other successes, and est products, and forest-rich communi- (SLA) between the two countries. (www.us check-off program that is investing yes, our share of failures. That said, we ties conveyed through short, powerful endowment.org). $15 million/year in product research recently announced our latest tool, de- talks. Selected speakers will share their and promotion. signed to call on the power of innovation ideas with an audience open to new, in- References and storytelling to unearth new ideas novative, and, in some cases, utterly un- R. Kellison, “A new model for forest • The Paper & Packaging Board, a sec- that will help make our sector’s future heard-of thinking. Then these ideas will sector research and development in the ond check-off program, is investing even brighter and ensure that millenni- be shared around the world via video. United States.” Greenville, SC: US En- $25 million annually to slow, and als and the generations that follow will To learn more, visit the Endowment’s dowment for Forestry and Communities, perhaps reverse, the decline in con- want to be a part of a sector that is so website at www.usendowment.org. If you 2014, tinyurl.com/yc77v4bp. sumption of paper and paper-based important not to just our economy, but know someone—or if you are some- —“Blue Ribbon Commission on For- packaging. the quality of life on our planet. one—with an idea that can help change est and Forest Products Research and De- We call this new venture FIRz, for the forest world for the better, submit a velopment in the 21st Century,” Green- • The Blue Ribbon Commission on Forest Innovation Reviews, with the “z” nomination. ville, SC: US Endowment for Forestry Forest and Forest Products was denoting mobility. Think TED talks for We think FIRz has the potential to and Communities, October 2017, tinyurl commissioned, which not only shone trees or an Aspen Ideas Festival for for- help launch a new era of sector innova- .com/y6vq352e.

February 2019 15 SAF NEWS

Foresters’ Fund Grant Supports APSAF, German Foresters’ Tour By John Palmer, Joe Cox, and Joann Cox n October 2018, the Appalachian SAF (APSAF) hosted 15 distinguished Imembers of the Deutscher Forestverein (DFV, or German Forest Society) for a 10- day forestry study tour in the southeastern US. This event reciprocated the profes- sional and generous hospitality extended to SAF members who participated in the 2014 SAF German Forest Study Tour (see “Life, Love, and Forestry: Travels in Ger- many as a Tribute to Carl Alwin Schenck,” The Forestry Source, October 2014). APSAF members John Palmer, Joe Cox, and Joann Cox served as the over- all coordinators of the DFV study tour, while H. Stro Morrison III, vice-chair of the South Carolina Forestry Commission, coordinated the coastal South Carolina field stops. Joann Cox obtained a Forest- ers’ Fund grant, as well as donations from the North Carolina SAF Division, Pisgah Chapter, and South Carolina SAF Divi- sion, to help sponsor the tour’s meals and expenses. The DFV attendees included land- Appalachian SAF and Deutscher Forestverein (German Forest Society) tour, North Carolina and South Carolina, October 2018. Front row (left to right): Joe Cox, Joann owners, forestry professors, foresters, and Cox, John Palmer. Second row: Gerd Gatzen, Count Henning von Kanitz, Hans Rohr (North Carolina Forest Service, translator), Goerg Schirmbeck, Malte Eberwein. Third row: Matthias Becker, Carsten Wilke (orange shirt), Axel Heider. Fourth row: Ulrich Schraml, Count Deitrich von Nesselrode, Count Maximilian von Nesselrode, several prominent German forestry offi- Baron Michael von der Tann, and Patricia Balcar. Back Row: Susan Biehl and Karl Apel. cials, including a member of Chancellor Angela Merkel’s cabinet. visited privately owned forests, the Du- Collum’s Sawmill in Allendale and a tour farm-raised trout. In South Carolina, they The Lake Logan Lodge near Can- Pont State Recreational Forest, the Cradle of privately owned forests that featured sampled some fine Low Country barbe- ton, North Carolina, provided the perfect of Forestry, the Pisgah National Forest, loblolly and longleaf pine silviculture and cue, as well as excellent banana pudding, backdrop to begin our southern forestry and the Biltmore Estate. On these stops, management. a wonderful fried chicken lunch with local journey. When Carl A. Schenck left the the Germans explored native forests, for- The next day included preparations farm-raised vegetables at the Webb Center, Biltmore Estate, he moved his forestry est-ecosystem restoration work, white- for an unwelcome visitor, Hurricane Mi- and numerous seafood dinners, including school to Champion International’s log- pine plantation silviculture, and moun- chael—primarily safety briefings for our a shrimp boil. ging camp, near what would become Lake tain-hardwood silviculture. At Biltmore, German guests and the procurement of The tour ended with a farewell din- Logan, where the school continued from they visited sites where Schenck planted flashlights. We visited the South Carolina ner at the Tabby Room at the Dataw Island 1910 to 1914. trees that are still growing today. APSAF Department of Natural Resources’ James Club. The exceptional filet and shrimp North Carolina state forester David member Hans Rohr, the North Carolina W. Webb Wildlife Center near Garnett, dinner and traditional southern dessert of Lane extended official greetings to the Forest Service Bladen Lakes State Forest where the staff introduced the German bourbon pecan pie was followed by com- German foresters at a welcome dinner manager, who was born and raised in Ger- foresters to management efforts at the cen- ments from Carsten Wilke. He expressed with more than 60 members from the many, served as translator for this part of ter to create habitat for desired species, his deepest appreciation to everyone in- APSAF’s Pisgah Chapter, Haywood Com- the trip. including red-cockaded woodpecker, tur- volved in organizing this informative and munity Student Chapter, and Warren It was not all business on the tour. key, and deer. That afternoon, we visited memorable tour. All the DFV members Wilson Student Chapter; the president of DFV president Carsten Wilke and Susann a site ready for a prescribed burn. Unfor- went to the front of the room and sang all Haywood Community College; several US Biehl, the manager of the forests owned tunately, it had rained the night before, four verses of “America the Beautiful.” The Forest Service (USFS) employees; and oth- and held by the Episcopal Church in Ger- and the burn could not be conducted. APSAF members and tour hosts, as well as er special guests. many, competed in a Jack-and-Jill cross- The South Carolina Forestry Commission the wait staff at the restaurant, were hum- The welcome reception festivities cut saw competition against Pisgah Chap- did have a fire plow on site, and the local bled by this display of thanks. The DFV continued at the famous “Sit ‘n’ Whit- ter members Shawn Swartz and Rachael commission staff briefed DFV on the role members then followed this by singing tle” cabin, site of a June 1951 reunion of Dickson during the 29th John C. Palmer of the commission in firefighting and pre- Germany’s national anthem. Schenck and several graduates of the Bilt- Collegiate Woodmen’s Competition at scribed fire. All told, the German foresters expe- more Forest School. Refreshments includ- Forest Festival Day, held at the Cradle of That evening and night, Hurricane rienced various silviculture regimes in the ed local beer and wine and birthday cake Forestry. Another leisure activity included Michael passed to the west and proved to southeastern US and met numerous US for one of the tour participants. There was a self-guided morning tour of the Biltmore be a quick visitor with no loss of electrici- foresters, landowners, and students. As a also mountain bluegrass music, thanks to mansion, followed by a meeting with Bill ty at any of the places where the Germans special expression of thanks, the Germans Evergreen Packaging. The evening’s events Cecil, the great grandson of George Van- were staying. The next morning, our visit presented tour guides and their helpers included USFS employee Cindy Carpenter derbilt. to Arborgen’s facility near Ridgeville in- with special gifts from their native land, singing an original song about Schenck; From Appalachia, the German For- cluded a synopsis of the company’s nurs- including schnapps flavored with spruce her beautiful guitar accompaniment led est Society headed to the coastal plain of ery operations, controlled mass-pollina- buds, a carpenter’s ruler made from Ger- the entire group in a rip-roaring rendition South Carolina near Beaufort. The Low tion techniques, the breeding and cloning man beech, letter openers, and, for special of “Pinus, Pinus Ponderosa,” a favorite Country tour started with a tour of Audu- techniques utilized to produce varietal guests, a German flag that flew over the song of Schenck’s Biltmore Forest School bon’s Francis Beidler Forest wildlife sanc- seedlings, and a tour of the greenhouse fa- Bundestag, the German parliament, or a students. The group also presented a gift tuary in Four Holes Swamp, a blackwater cilities where the techniques are practiced. copy of a book on German forests from the tree to Lake Logan to commemorate the creek system. The Germans delighted in We followed that with a visit to downtown late 1600s that first recognized that sus- gathering. The Germans seemed to espe- spotting a cottonmouth and an otter while Charleston. Unfortunately, the visitor’s tainable management of forests supports a cially appreciate having a few of the young exploring one of the few existing stands of center was closed due to the hurricane, so healthy society. The tour was a special ex- forestry students from Haywood Commu- old-growth forests of cypress and tupelo we spent a few hours touring downtown, perience for both DFV and the local mem- nity College and Warren Wilson College trees in the state. including the historic market area. bers of APSAF. in attendance. State forester Scott Phillips extend- During the entire tour, the Germans The first part of the forest study tour ed an official South Carolina welcome, enjoyed a variety of local cuisine. In west- John Palmer, Joe Cox, CF, and Joann Cox, started in the Asheville area. The group followed by a tour of the family-owned ern North Carolina, they savored local CF, are SAF members from North Carolina.

16 The Forestry Source SAF NEWS PEOPLE IN THE NEWS Northeast/Mid-Atlantic SAF Holds Inaugural Leadership Ray Guries was in- ducted into the Wis- consin Forestry Hall Academy of Fame in September Foresters’ Fund Grant Supports Three-Day Workshop 2018 in a ceremony at the Wisconsin Society he Allegheny SAF, New York SAF, of American Foresters and New England SAF held their (WISAF) annual meet- Tfirst joint leadership academy in ing. Guries spent his career as a professor November at Grey Towers National His- of forestry at University of Wisconsin– toric Landmark in Milford, Pennsylva- Madison in what is now called the Depart- nia. The three societies aimed to both ment of Forest and Wildlife Ecology. He challenge the attendees’ knowledge and is the 50th inductee into the Hall of Fame skills, as well as to take advantage of the and the third professor from the depart- lessons learned by other state societies ment to be inducted (the others were John that have held leadership training. The Kotar, 2010, and Aldo Leopold, 1999). joint organizing committee considers Guries is known for his expertise in forest the academy a success in spite of a very genetics and the selection and breeding of rare pre-Thanksgiving snowstorm that Dutch elm disease-resistant elms. dumped 8–10 inches in the area and snarled travel throughout the region. Brent Keefer, presi- Getting the three state societies to dent of Hancock Tim- agree to put together the Leadership ber Resource Group, Academy was easy, said Steve Kallesser, was recently named a Allegheny SAF program committee chair member of the Sustain- and the event’s chair. able Forestry Initiative “We found that the leadership of (SFI) board of direc- the three societies were extremely con- tors. Keefer is respon- cerned that forestry professionals are in- sible for overall investment management Attendees of the Northeast/Mid-Atlantic SAF Leadership Academy tour the Grey Towers National Historic creasingly viewed as technicians and are Site, led by US Forest Service staff. Photo by Steve Kallesser of the Hancock Timber Resource Group being marginalized in our region. And, and is a managing director of the Hancock frankly, that doesn’t make much sense,” phasis was placed on opportunities to the Allegheny SAF] say that I like to Natural Resource Group, where he leads Kallesser said. “We have terrific training apply leadership and what the planning lead,” Kallesser said, “Specifically, that I the overall timberland investment busi- across a breadth of natural-resources is- team and SAF staff consider to be best like to lead with my chin. So I knew that ness. For more than 30 years, Keefer’s ca- sues, training in decisionmaking theory, practices for different responsibilities of I was not the one to teach most of this reer has carried him around the globe and and, by all accounts, we are master plan- local SAF units. material. That is where Tom Davidson, has included forest operations, resource ners. Why is that not translating? Many “We can talk a lot about leadership the national SAF office staff, and Allyson planning and analysis, timberland valua- of us believe it is a lack of leadership.” and leading, but in the end, you learn Muth came in—they are subject matter tion, timberland acquisitions and disposi- About 18 months ago, after gaining by experiencing and you learn by prac- experts.” tions, economic research, client relations, commitment from the three societies, ticing,” Kallesser explained. “Do you Costs associated with these speak- and investment management. Kallesser and his team began a compre- want your first leadership challenge to ers were defrayed by a grant from the hensive review of how to approach the be during a major initiative for your de- Foresters’ Fund. Attendees were eligible Brian Keightley is the problem. The team included Kenneth partment or during the annual member- for 10.5 Category 1 continuing forestry new director of the Jolly and Susan Lacy (both of Allegheny ship drive for your local SAF chapter?” education (CFE) credits over the course Fairfax County, Virgin- SAF), Ken Laustsen (New England SAF), The third day was led by Allyson of the three-day academy. ia, Urban Forest Man- and Tom Martin (New York SAF). Like Muth, forest stewardship program as- During the leadership academy, the agement Division. He most foresters, they started by drawing sociate at Pennsylvania State Univer- staff at the Grey Towers National Histor- was previously deputy up a list of goals and objectives. sity. Sessions focused on collaborative ic Site was helpful and welcoming, the division chief for en- “We wanted to make this as useful learning and decisionmaking processes facility did not fail to inspire attendees, vironmental planning as possible for our members—person- and how to facilitate discussions with the food was excellent, and the speakers and operations for Arlington County, ally, to their local SAF units, and also professionals from other fields, as well were well-received. However, the snow- Virginia, where he supervised urban for- to their employers,” Kallesser said. “We as stakeholders. Practical exercises were storm prevented some speakers from at- estry, natural resources, landscaping, na- wanted to make sure that members ful- used throughout all three days, but the tending and resulted in an unexpected ture centers, and park ranger programs. ly understood the skills needed to lead, facilitated discussion held during this closure of Grey Towers. Keightley has been a member of the Soci- that they had a safe place [in SAF] in last day challenged attendees’ skills “Happily, the planning team real- ety of American Foresters since 1997 and which to practice their leadership skills, learned throughout the entire academy, ly pulled together to plug the holes in the International Society of Arboriculture and that they were properly trained to and also received the most positive feed- the agenda and also made sure that our since 2007, when he received his Certi- put that knowledge to use through col- back from participants. ‘Plan B’ meeting space back at the ho- fied Arborist (CA) accreditation. He holds laborative methods.” Prior to the academy, the planning tel was ready to go at almost a moment’s a bachelor’s degree in forestry and envi- These goals were met by spreading team’s due diligence included contact- notice,” Kallesser said. “I’m happy that ronmental resource management and a subject matter over three days of train- ing other SAF units that had conduct- we got most of what we wanted to get master’s degree in natural resources from ing. The first day was led by Tom David- ed leadership academies to learn about across, and got it across effectively. I’m Virginia Tech. son of Leadership Nature, who focused their approaches and results. One key just happy that everyone had a good on personality types (both to understand decision was to limit the number of at- sense of humor about the situation with Peter A. Palmiotto, yourself and how you may be perceived, tendees. Only 25 attendees were select- the snow.” CF, was appointed as well as how to work with others who ed from the 12-state area, after each was Despite the venue and program chair of the Environ- have different personality types), effec- first recognized by their state society or changes, the academy was well-received. mental Studies Depart- tive listening and communication (in- their division as potential leaders. The Jacob Schultz of the Valley Forge Chap- ment at Antioch Uni- cluding effective use of questions), and team felt strongly that small group sizes ter of the Pennsylvania Division of the versity New England, the role of a leader. were critical to the subject matter. Allegheny SAF said, “Everything was where he has been a The second day, led by the planning Equally important was their reali- fantastic, and this was one of the best faculty member for 18 team and staff from the SAF’s national zation that none of the team members workshops that I have been to.” Still, years. Palmiotto studied at Paul Smith’s office, focused on the organization and thought of themselves as subject matter the roles of the various facets of the vol- experts in leadership skills. unteer structure of SAF. Particular em- “My friends in the NJ Division [of LEADERSHIP n Page 19 PEOPLE n Page 19

February 2019 17 CONTINUING EDUCATION CALENDAR IN MEMORIAM February through April 2019 More Events at tinyurl.com/gnd78jh (www.eforester.org) Robert Stephens Gib- son, 85, of Montana, Continuing education events for February through April 2019. SAF Continuing Forestry Education (CFE) credits are available at all events. Visit SAF’s Continuing Education Calen- died on September 25, dar at tinyurl.com/gnd78jh for more information on these events and others that may have been recently added to the list. Note the webinars at the top of the listings. 2018. Gibson earned a CFE Providers: To obtain pre-approval of Continuing Forestry Education credits for an event, complete and submit the CFE Provider Application Form on the Certification & Educa- bachelor’s degree in for- tion/Continuing Education page at eforester.org (or tinyurl.com/z2zqc3o). Submittal instructions are included on the form. est management at the University of Montana CFE Post Approval for Individuals: If an event was not preapproved for CFE credit, SAF will evaluate the meeting on an individual basis. This service is available to members and and began working SAF-certified professionals at no cost; non-members are assessed an annual fee of $30. To apply, complete and submit the CFE Post Approval Form on the Certification & Education/ Continuing Education page at eforester.org (or tinyurl.com/z2zqc3o). Submittal instructions are included on the form. for the US Forest Service (USFS) during his summer school breaks. After assign- WEBINARS 3/31/2019, Plant Adaptations to Wildfire, Whately Forests in a Changing World, Bordentown ments in Dillon and Lima, Montana, he 4/3/2019, Plant–Insect Co-Evolution, Whately was promoted to Bozeman District ranger 2/5/2019, Weyerhaeuser BMP Calibration Training 4/28/2019, Ecological Pollinator Conservation, NEW YORK (Chattahoochee) Framingham in 1963. He later served as supervisor of 2/6/2019, Forest-Climate Working Group 2018-19 2/7/2019, Preparing Your Woods for More Frequent the Helena and Gallatin National Forests. Learning Exchange Series, Session 5 MICHIGAN Disturbance, Syracuse 2/7/2019, Weyerhaeuser BMP Calibration Training He continued with the USFS until he re- 3/13/2019, Agents of Decline, Syracuse (Foothills) 2/6/2019, Forest-Climate Working Group 2018-19 tired in 1990. The University of Montana 2/12/2019, Understanding Minnesota’s Changing Climate Learning Exchange Series, Session 5, East Lansing named him a distinguished alumnus in Webinar NORTH CAROLINA 2/21/2019, Tree and Shrub Planting Workshop, Manistee 2/12/2019, 2/12/2019, Hawk Talk: Hoo’s in Your 2003. Gibson was elected Montana SAF 2/22/2019, The Tree Course, Ann Arbor Backyard? 2/11–13/2019, NCFS Annual Water Quality Meeting, 3/6/2019, Forest-Climate Working Group 2018-19 Forester of the Year and was an SAF Fellow. 2/13/2019, Worth the Wait: The Value of Long-Term Rockingham Learning Exchange Series Session: Climate Action in For more information, see tinyurl.com/ Forest Research in Maine 2/12/2019, Sandhills Chapter’s Monthly Meeting, Coal Country, East Lansing 2/20/2019, Homeowner Preparedness in the WUI: What Carthage y8wfa42q. 3/8/2019, Tree and Shrub Planting Workshop, Baldwin Motivates Action? 2/19/2019, Smallholder Access Program (SAP) Training, 4/3/2019, Log Scaling and Grading Workshop, South 2/26/2019, Sanctuaries of the Society: New England Wild Old Fort Range Flower Society 2/20–21/2019, ISA Certification Review Workshop, Wyman Carl Schmidt, 4/3/2019, Forest-Climate Working Group 2018-19 3/6/2019, Forest-Climate Working Group 2018-19 Goldsboro Learning Exchange Series Session: Forest Carbon 89, of Montana, died Learning Exchange Series Session: Climate Action in 2/25–3/1/2019, FVS Basic Training, Asheville Markets, East Lansing on December 21, 2018. Coal Country 2/28/2019, Carolina Canopy Workshop: Taking the Lead 3/19/2019, Structured Decision Making Webinar in Tree Business, Raleigh Wyman served in the 4/3/2019, Forest-Climate Working Group 2018-19 MINNESOTA 3/14/2019, Piedmont Area Foresters Workshop, New US Air Force during Learning Exchange Series Session: Forest Carbon London Markets 2/5/2019, Forest Health Workshop 2019, Walker 3/27–29/2019, NC Invasive Plant Symposium, Gastonia the Korean War. He 4/16/2019, An Update on Invasive Plants in Minnesota’s 2/12/2019, Understanding Minnesota’s Changing Climate earned bachelor’s, mas- Forests Webinar Webinar OHIO ter’s, and PhD degrees 2/19–21/2019, Fostering Partnerships for Conservation, Duluth at the University of Montana. He enjoyed ARIZONA 2/1/2019, The Tree Course, Cincinatti 3/19/2019, Structured Decision Making Webinar a career as a forest ecologist and, ultimate- 4/16/2019, An Update on Invasive Plants in Minnesota’s 2/5–7/2019, 2019 Riparian Restoration Conference, ly, led the Missoula Forestry Sciences Lab- Forests Webinar OREGON Phoenix oratory at the University of Montana. His 2/1–2/2019, 2019 PNW Leadership Conference, MISSISSIPPI research and many publications are still in ARKANSAS Troutdale 2/13/2019, The 2019 Starker Lecture Series, Corvallis use by scientists, many of whom he taught 2/15/2019, Introduction to Prescribed Burning 2/11/2019, Quarterly meeting of the Southeast AR 2/21–23/2019, Oregon Logging Conference, Eugene Workshop, Columbus or mentored. Following retirement, he be- Chapter of the Ouachita SAF, Monticello 2/21/2019, Umpqua Chapter meeting, Roseburg came scientist emeritus for the US Forest 3/6/2019, The 2019 Starker Lecture Series, Corvallis 3/21/2019, Umpqua Chapter Meeting, Roseburg Service. The Wyman and Patricia Schmidt COLORADO MISSOURI 3/29/2019, Tree School Umpqua, Roseburg Family Scholarship at the University of 4/10/2019, The 2019 Starker Lecture Series, Corvallis 2/4–8/2019, FVS Basic Training, Fort Collins 2/6/2019, Missouri Natural Resources Conference Day 1, 4/30/2019, Scaling for Non-Scalers: Understanding the Montana offers young forestry students Osage Beach Scaling Process, Log Rules, Etc., Wilsonville support as they pursue their education. FLORIDA 2/7/2019, Missouri Natural Resources Conference Day 2, For more information, see tinyurl.com/ Osage Beach PENNSYLVANIA 3/3–5/2019, Urban Forestry Institute 2019, Fort 2/12/2019, ISA Study Guide Chapters 9, 15, 16 Training, ya4ov23n. Lauderdale Joplin 2/20–21/2019, 2019 Riparian Forest Buffer Summit, 2/14/2019, ISA Study Guide Chapters 9, 15, 16 Training, Harrisburg Wilbur E. Wolf Jr., CF, Springfield GEORGIA 3/19/2019, 2019 Forest Health, Insect, and Disease 2/21/2019, Missouri Consulting Foresters Winter 81, died on January 4, Briefing, State College Meeting, Day 1, Jefferson City 2/7/2019, North Georgia Prescribed Fire Council 2019, in Carlisle, Penn- 2/22/2019, Missouri Consulting Foresters Winter Meeting, Jasper Meeting, Day 2, Jefferson City TEXAS sylvania. Wolf graduated 2/19/2019, Applied Forest Finance, Atlanta from the Penn State Uni- 2/21/2019, SAF Blackwater Chapter Meeting, Jesup 2/8/2019, Forest Pest Seminar, Lufkin 2/27/2019, 2019 Timber Taxation Workshop, Athens MONTANA versity School of Forest- 2/13/2019, 2019 North Central Texas Urban Forestry 2/27/2019, GFA Landowner Field Day, Cochran Conference, Arlington ry in 1959. He served in 3/11/2019, Interpreting Aerial Images of Rural 2/1/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, 2/26/2019, Wildlife and Natural Resources Management Landscapes, Athens Missoula the US Army until early Program, Linden 3/12/2019, Forests and Hurricanes: Impacts and 2/5/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, 1964 and later worked for two years as a 4/25–26/2019, 29th Annual Outlook for Texas Land Planning, Athens Billings Markets, San Antonio forester for the Commonwealth of Virginia 2/6/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, Bozeman Division of Forestry. In 1965, he began his IDAHO 2/7/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, VERMONT 28-year career with the Glatfelter Pulpwood Butte 2/6–8/2019, Foresters Forum, Coeur d’Alene Co., serving first as area and senior area for- 2/12/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, 4/27/2019, Intensive Forest Management Workshop: A Kalispell Demonstration and Discussion, Chester ester and later as district manager. He retired LOUISIANA 3/12/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, from Glatfelter in 1993. He served on the Lewistown VIRGINIA 2/5–7/2019, LA SAF Annual Meeting, Pineville 3/13/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, Pennsylvania Wildlife Federation Board of 2/9/2019, 2019 SW LA Forestry Assoc Annual Meeting Havre Directors (1988–1999) and the Penn State 2/21/2019, Improving Wildlife Habitat on Private and AgCenter Forestry Forum, DeRidder 3/14/2019, 2019 Montana Economic Outlook Seminar, Big Sky Working Forests: A Field Tour, Newtown Forest Issues Working Group (1993–1995), 2/21/2019, Ways to Improve Wildlife Habitat on Private and on Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry ad- MAINE Lands, St. Stephens Church NEW HAMPSHIRE visory committees (1995–2002). Wolf was 4/4/2019, Emerald Ash Borer Night, Littleton elected an SAF Fellow in 2001. For more WEST VIRGINIA 4/12/2019, Native Plant Conservation in the 21st 2/6/2019, Wildlife Tracking, Hancock information, see tinyurl.com/y8pbxp9j. Century: Spring Symposium, Falmouth 3/19/2019, Dragons and Damsels of New Hampshire, Hillsborough 3/19–21/2019, Appalachian Vegetation Management 3/26/2019, The Original Forests of New Hampshire, Association Annual Meeting, Roanoke MARYLAND Hillsborough Science & Tech 4/2/2019, Fox Research Forest’s Loons, Hillsborough WISCONSIN The Forestry Source welcomes 3/6/2019, TSP in a Day, Grasonville 4/9/2019, More than Granite: An Introduction to New contributions for the Science & Technology Hampshire’s Geology, Hillsborough 2/9/2019, Maple Biology: The Science of Sap Production, MASSACHUSETTS 4/23/2019, Hydric Soils of New England, Goffstown Stevens Point section, which focuses on recent research, 4/25/2019, Hydric Soils of New England, Goffstown 3/2/2019, Forest Management for Syrup Production, technologies, and techniques for forestry 2/9/2019, Understanding and Managing Soils, Whately Athens and natural resources management. 2/12/2019, Climate Change and the Plants of New NEW JERSEY 4/4/2019, Sustainable Forestry Conference, Florence Information: Steve Wilent, 503-622-3033, England, Framingham [email protected]. 3/10/2019, Conservation Foundations, Whately 2/7/2019, Managing Under Uncertainty: Perpetuating 3/12/2019, Winter Pruning, Framingham

18 The Forestry Source OPPOSITION PEOPLE n From Page 5 n From Page 17 CLASSIFIEDS

The Sustainable Forestry Initiative’s College and the State University of New Job ID: 45887486 2015–2019 Forest Management Standard York College of Environmental Science From the SAF Posted: January 3, 2019 prohibits the use of wood from GM trees: and Forestry, and earned a PhD in eco- Job Function: Forester Entry Level: No “The use of fiber from genetically engi- system ecology at Yale University. He has Career Center neered trees via forest biotechnology is served as a board member and vice-pres- For the complete listing of these and other ads, visit Area Manager not approved for use in SFI-labeled prod- ident of the Waterman Fund, whose mis- Employer: Forest Resource Consultants http://careercenter.eforester.org ucts.” SFI notes that GM forest products sion is to foster the spirit of wildness and Location: Diboll, Texas are not commercially produced in North conservation of eastern alpine habitats. Job ID: 45882363 NR Forestry Regional Specialist–Timber Posted: January 2, 2019 America. As for research, SFI’s policy is Palmiotto will head one of the oldest en- Employer: MN DNR Forestry Entry Level: No that “Research on genetically engineered vironmental studies graduate programs Location: Bemidji, Minnesota trees via forest tree biotechnology shall in the US. Job ID: 46274170 Land Protection Specialist adhere to all applicable federal, state, and Posted: January 18, 2019 Employer: The Conservation Fund provincial regulations and internation- Bettina Ring, Virgin- Location: Chapel Hill, North Carolina Forester II al protocols ratified by the United States ia secretary of agri- Job ID: 46274329 Employer: Alaska Department of Natural and/or Canada depending on jurisdiction culture and forestry, Posted: January 18, 2019 Resources, Division of Forestry of management.” was recently named Job Type: Full-Time Location: Ketchikan, Alaska the recipient of the Min Education: BA/BS/Undergraduate Job ID: 46050567 Min Experience: 5-7 Years Sustainable Forestry Posted: January 11, 2019 LEADERSHIP Required Travel: 10-25% Initiative’s (SFI) 2018 Job Type: Full-Time n From Page 17 President’s Award, in Min Education: BA/BS/Undergraduate Forest Operations Manager recognition of her commitment to en- Min Experience: 1-2 Years Employer: The Conservation Fund the planning committee recognizes that couraging diversity in the forest sector Required Travel: 25-50% Location: Chapel Hill, North Carolina there is plenty of room for improve- and for her leadership in advancing Job ID: 46274341 Contract Logging Supervisor ment, is actively digesting feedback, and sustainable forestry. As a senior execu- Posted: January 18, 2019 Employer: Roseburg Forest Products is looking forward to the next academy. tive, Ring inspires other women to take Job Type: Full-Time Location: Roseburg, Oregon In a closing remark, Kenneth on leadership roles. She was lauded for Job Duration: Indefinite Job ID: 46023917 Min Experience: 5-7 Years Laustsen added, “Ten years ago, I was her support of SFI’s efforts to encourage Posted: January 9, 2019 Required Travel: 10-25% very concerned about the future of my diversity in the forest sector through A Job Type: Full-Time profession. Now, after hosting three New Tree, Is a Tree, Is a Tree 101, a project Job Duration: Indefinite England SAF leadership trainings and led by the Black Family Land Trust that Chair of the Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation being an integral part of this academy, is engaging African Americans in Vir- Tenure Track Assistant Professor in Employer: Clemson University Silviculture & Applied Forest Ecology I’m no longer worried. There is a cadre ginia to ensure their family forests can Location: Clemson, South Carolina Employer: University of Massachusetts of young, enthusiastic, and capable create an income stream and preserve Job ID: 46023210 Location: Amherst, Massachusetts leaders who are ready to step up and the heritage of African American land Posted: January 9, 2019 take over in the region.” ownership. Job ID: 46010181 Posted: January 8, 2019 Director of Forest Properties Employer: SUNY ESF Silviculture Forester Location: Syracuse, New York Employer: Pacific Forest Management Job ID: 45915597 Location: Forks, Washington Posted: January 4, 2019 Job ID: 38738963 Job Type: Full-Time Posted: January 6, 2019 Job Type: Full-Time Editor-in-chief search for Inventory Forester Min Education: Associates Degree Employer: Sierra Pacific Industires Min Experience: 0-1 Year Location: Mount Vernon, Washington Required Travel: 10-25% Job ID: 45261164 FOREST SCIENCE Posted: January 3, 2019 Forester Industry: Forestry Employer: Shultz Forest Management and The Society of American Foresters seeks an editor-in-chief for Job Type: Full-Time Consulting LLC Forest Science. The editor-in-chief serves in a visible role fo- Location: Bernville, Pennsylvania Assistant Professors (Two) Job ID: 45882602 cused on the editorial and strategic positioning of the journal. Employer: Mississippi State University Posted: January 4, 2019 The journal’s content reflects the breadth of applied research Location: Starkville, Mississippi Job Type: Full-Time Job ID: 45686451 and professional interests in the international field of forestry Job Duration: Indefinite Posted: December 17, 2018 Min Education: Associates Degree and related natural resources. Job Type: Full-Time Min Education: PhD The editor-in-chief serves at the pleasure of SAF for a con- Pre-Sales Forester tract term of three years, extendable for one additional three- Employer: Miami Corp Forestry Intern (Paid) Location: McMinnville/Grand Ronde, Oregon year term. The editor-in-chief works closely with SAF’s senior Employer: Forest Stewards Guild / US Fish & Job ID: 45378905 Wildlife Service managing editor, publications staff, production and publishing Posted: January 3, 2019 Location: McBee, South Carolina vendors, and associate editors, and at times, directly with au- Job Type: Full-Time Job ID: 45562029 Job Duration: Indefinite thors, reviewers, and readers, for the benefit of the journal and Posted: December 12, 2018 Min Education: BA/BS/Undergraduate Entry Level: Yes the Society. The anticipated hourly workload will require a com- Min Experience: 0-1 Year mitment of 10 to 15 hours per week. Job Type: Internship Procurement Analyst The editor-in-chief will be involved in significant strategic Forester Employer: Hampton Lumber Employer: The Conservation Fund planning sessions with SAF leadership, Location: Salem, Oregon Location: Caspar/Ukiah, California Job ID: 45887676 staff, and the publishing vendors. This is Job ID: 45378861 Posted: January 3, 2019 a unique opportunity to set the strategic Posted: December 4, 2018 Job Type: Full-Time Job Type: Full-Time direction for the journal for the next five Job Duration: Indefinite Min Education: BA/BS/Undergraduate Min Education: BA/BS/Undergraduate to 10 years. Min Experience: 5-7 Years Min Experience: 0-1 Year Required Travel: 75-100% Required Travel: 25-50% For more information visit bit.ly/ForestScienceEIC Forester Employer: Campbell Global Location: Cross City, Florida

February 2019 19 gust 2018. Investment Strategy report released inAu- ship across Landscapes:AnOutcome-Based is a product of the Stewardship Agreement. The agreement and theagencyrecently signedaShared the USForestin2016,state Service agreement theStateofIdahosignedwith under theGoodNeighborAuthority Building onthecollaborationestablished Shared StewardshipAgreement News BriefsfromaroundtheNation work togethertosetprioritiesthataddress they willhavethegreatest impactandwill proach toprioritizing investments where WGA will take a “more integrated ap- Under theMOU,Forestand Service US DepartmentofAgriculture (USDA). Association(WGA)and Governors’ ern understanding (MOU)betweentheWest- news is the signing of a memorandum of underway. ensure theycomplementprojects already and plannedforest-restoration projects to scape-scale approach to evaluate current Idaho,willusealand- andsouthern ern project, withpilotlandscapesinnorth- health andwatershedconditions.Anew on fuels reduction and improving forest the Forest will undertake work Service ronment. secretary fornaturalresources andenvi- Jim Hubbard, SAFmemberandunder tect communitiesandprovide jobs,”said get more workdoneinourforests topro- State ofIdahoandtheForest can Service tise, andmakingdecisionstogether, the “By poolingresources, sharingexper In other Shared Stewardship initiative The IdahoDepartmentofLandsand Toward Shared Steward-

News for forest resource professionals published by the Society of American Foresters

10100 Laureate Way, Bethesda, MD 20814 • www.eforester.org February 2019 • Vol. 24 • No. 2 - concerned about the pest becoming es- concerned The Oregon DepartmentofForestryis in stores before theycouldbedestroyed. already beendistributedandwere sold na). Unfortunately, a number of trees had the elongate hemlock scale (Fiorinia exter ported from NorthCarolina infestedwith found ashipmentofChristmas trees im- The Oregon DepartmentofAgriculture for Christmas Oregon GetsanInvasivePest compared to11,000acres in2017. pacted 27,000acres ofponderosa pine, beetle andothernativebarkbeetlesim- spruce. Lastyear, theroundheaded pine dead anddyinghigh-elevationEngelman expanded. Of notewere 178,000acres of vealed thatbarkbeetleoutbreaks have Forest andUS re Service Service - ducted in2018bytheColoradoState beetles. ditions that leftthemvulnerabletobark winterandovercrowdeddry forest con- trees are thecombinationofanunusually Mexico. Reasonsattributedtothedead of EngelmannsprucewasfoundinNew cies primarilyaffected, althoughdieback and privateland. this acreage includesfederal,state,tribal, dead and dying trees due to bark beetles; acres inArizonaandNewMexicocontain revealest Service thatmore than400,000 conductedbytheUSFor Aerial surveys Drought andPests risk across broad landscapes.” Now AvailablefromSAF Idaho,” by Rick Tholen Predicament on National Forests: Examples from “How Collaboration Can Help Resolve Process by AlSample "Anatomy of anEnduring yet Evolving Mission," Jerry T. Williams to Take Action on Wildfire,” by Dale N. Bosworth and “A Failure of Imagination: Why We Need aCommission healthier and more resilient US Forest Service. objective of 193 Million Acres isto find paths toward a maintained, expanded, and improved. Inshort, the and eective and its land-management activities the agency’s operations might be made more ecient but to oer concrete proposals for how, ultimately, The purpose of the book isnot to criticize the agency, former chiefs, as well as longtime outside observers. numerous retired agency leaders, including two that would address them. Contributors include the US Forest Service faces and propose solutions A collection of essays that examine the challenges www.efo In Colorado, an aerial survey con- In Colorado,anaerialsurvey Overall, ponderosa pinewasthespe- rester .org /st - - ore the DEM’s RockvilleManagementArea. of contiguousprotected landandabuts use. This acquisition is within 2,000 acres permanently protected forrecreational chased 58acres offorestland thatwillbe Environmental Management(DEM)pur Program, theRhodeIslandDepartmentof and Wildlife Service’s Wildlife Restoration With funding provided bytheUSFish Forestland Protected inRhodeIsland health ofthetree. loss of these nutrients affects the overall cells ofatree’s needles,andanexcessive upon nutrientsstored inthemesophyll spruce, andDouglas-fir. Thescalefeeds tree species,includinghemlocks,truefirs, kill anumberofeconomicallyvaluable tablished, because ithasthepotentialto Colorado StateForestService Spruce beetlemortalityinEngelmannsprucetheSanJuanNationalForest2018.Photo:DanWest, Marjorie andChristopherAllenhad - last three years. tations, andhightemperatures overthe is acombinationofdrought, insectinfes- Rhode Island.Thereason forthedie-offs portionof trees isfoundinthewestern DEM. Thelargest concentrationofdead the forest healthprogram coordinator for conducted inSeptemberbyPaulRicard, acres offorest was isdead.Thesurvey about 13 percent of the state’s 369,000 revealingincludes anaerialsurvey that tions,” saidMarjorie. portunity to preserve itforfuture genera- My familyandIare gratefulfortheop- raise mychildren exploringthesewoods. to grow upinthisbeautifulplace,andto Blue Pond.“Ihavebeenblessedtobeable last portionofunprotected frontage of owned the property, which included the Other forestry news in Rhode Island