March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5585 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

THE GODFATHER OF BAGHDAD This goal-known as "pan-Arabism"-is es­ ace,' according to Hanna Batatu, whose ac­ sentially utopian in that it naively believes count is based on official government that the separate Arab states can erase their sources, •were found all sorts of loathsome HON. PHIUP M. CRANE borders, ignore their profound cultural dis­ instruments of torture, including electric OF ILLINOIS tinctions, and smoothly merge into a single wires with pincers, pointed iron stakes on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Arab nation. Pan-Arabism has existed since which prisoners were made to sit, and a ma­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 the turn of the century, and there are many chine which still bore traces of chopped-off versions of it. fingers. Small heaps of bloodied clothing Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, it would be dif­ What makes Baathist Pan-Arabism unique were scattered about, and there were pools ficult to envision a greater success story than is that it is profoundly racist (despising for­ on the floor and stains over the walls." that which we have witnessed on our tele­ eigners, especially Jews), socialist (deriving After the Baath lost power in November, vision sets over the past several weeks. The its economic outlook from Marx and Lenin), 1963, Hussein had to (temporarily) end his job totalitarian (following methods laid down by as state torturer, and was forced under­ outcome of the Persian Gulf war was nothing Stalin), and willing to use violence to short of spectacular, and our service members ground. Revealing himself to be a genius for achieve its ends. Michel Aflaq (1910-1989), a subversion. Saddam became the party's prin­ deserve every ounce of gratitude and respect French-educated Syrian who was the prin­ cipal organizer; he forged the Baath into a Americans will no doubt heap upon them cipal founder and ideologue of the Baath powerful, clandestine apparatus capable of when they return home. Party, was "full of enthusiasm for Hitler and staging a military coup and holding power As the conflict winds down and the celebra­ other German fascists," according to Miller thereafter. tions begin, we must not forget that the man and Mylroie. "Aflaq saw in Nazi Germany a Throughout the 1960s, Baathist rebels cre­ model for his ideas of a synthesis between who was responsible for the devastation has ated great instability inside Iraq and at­ nationalism and socialism." tempted to seize power numerous times. yet to be held accountable for his actions. As a young man, Saddam Hussein became However, given the unspeakable horrors They finally succeeded-for good-on July attracted to Aflaq's fascist vision of pan­ 17th, 1968. A Baathist general, Ahmad Hasan which Saddam Hussein has inflicted upon his Arabism, and joined the Baath Party in 1957. al-Bakr, became head of state; Saddam Hus­ own people, justice will no doubt be best He immediately established himself by com­ sein was appointed his deputy; and Adnan served by leaving his punishment in the hands mitting his first important political act: the Khairallah, Hussein's brother-in-law, became of those who suffered most egregiously. assassination of a prominent Baathist oppo­ minister of defense. While Americans have only recently been nent. That the victim happened to be his own brother-in-law did not faze Saddam one ENEMIES OF THE STATE exposed to Saddam's cruelty, his countrymen bit. The party leadership subsequently re­ have been long-time observers of his mon­ Immediately after assuming power, the warded Hussein by selecting him to be a Baathist regime outlawed opposition to their strous behavior. I have recently come across member of a hit team that intended to assas­ rule, thus destroying whatever remained of an excellent article, in the form of a book re­ sinate General Abdel Karim Quassim, Iraq's political pluralism inside Iraq. To consoli­ view, which chronicles a number of repugnant leader at the time. (Quassim, a popular army date their regime-and terrify the popu­ activities which Saddam Hussein has spear­ officer, had overthrown Iraq's pro-British lation into submission-the Baath Party pro­ headed throughout his career in the Ba'ath monarch, King Faisal IT, in 1958; but ceeded to round up supposed "enemies of the Quassim's regime was equally opposed to Party. After reading the following account, I state" whose punishment served as a warn­ Baathism, seeing it as a new form of tyr­ ing to the regime's critics. am sure my colleagues will be confident, as I anny.) am, that the Iraqi citizenry will not rest until The first people to be purged were Jews, a Though the assassination attempt failed. favorite target of totalitarian regimes. In Saddam Hussein is brought to justice: Hussein-who immediately fled Iraq after the fall of 1968, dozens of Iraqi Jews were THE GODFATHER OF BAGHDAD the aborted scheme-became a hero among suddenly arrested, accused of being "Zionist (By William Doino, Jr.) Baathists for his "bravery and sacrifice" in spies,'' subjected to humiliating show trials, support of their cause. ("Saddam Hussein and the Crisis in the and finally hanged. The executions were car­ Gulf," By Judith Miller and Laurie Mylroie) NEW EMPLOYMENT ried out in public, with great fanfare. The ("Republic of Fear: The Inside Story of In exile first in Syria and then in Egypt, Baathist regime gathered 500,000 Iraqis to Saddam's Iraq," By Samir al-Khalil) Hussein quickly climbed the ranks of the witness the proceedings. As the Jewish Baath Party. In early 1963, after a group of corpses dangled in the wind, from their re­ As the crisis in the Persian Gulf mounts, Baathists had succeeded in ousting and kill­ spective nooses, the crowd listened to fiery and a war between America and Iraq be­ ing General Quassim, Hussein hurried back anti-Jewish speeches for an incredible 24 comes more likely. Americans should be in­ to Baghdad (Iraq's capital) to assume his hours. terested in knowing more about the man part in the new regime. He immediately Among the speakers was Salah Umar al­ who may yet trigger a conflagration in the found work, though not of the ordinary kind. Ali, the minister of guidance, who told the Mideast. As Miller and Mylroie reveal: chanting, hysterical crowd: Two books have just been published which "Saddam quickly found his place in the "Great People of Iraq! The Iraq of today document Saddam Hussein's grisly rise to new regime. He became an interrogator and shall no more tolerate any traitor, spy, power and examine his psychotic personality torturer in the Qasr-al-Nihayyah, or 'Palace agent, or fifth columnist! You foundling Is­ and future plans. of the End,' so called because it was where rael, you imperialist Americans, and you Zi­ The books are Saddam Hussein and the Cri­ King Faisal and his family were gunned onists, hear me! We will discover all your sis in the Gulf by Judith Miller, a New York down in 1958. Under the Baath the palace was dirty tricks! We will punish your agents! We Times reporter, and Laurie Mylroie, a Middle used as a torture chamber. will punish your agents! We will hang all East scholar at Harvard: and Republic of "Few in the West are aware of Saddam's your spies, even if there are thousands of Fear: The Inside Story of Saddam's Iraq by activities there. But an Iraqi arrested and them! ... Great Iraqi people! This is only Samir al-Khalil, an expatriate Iraqi scholar. accused of plotting against the Baath has the beginning! The great and immortal PROFOUNDLY RACIST told of his own torture at the palace by Sad­ squares of Iraq shall be filled with the As both books make clear, in order to un­ dam himself: 'My arms and legs were bound corpses of traitors and spies! Just wait!" derstand the present crisis in the gulf, one by rope. I was hung on the rope to a hook on (Quoted by al-Khalil in Republic of Fear.) must know about Iraq's ruling Arab Baath the ceiling and I was repeatedly beaten with Al-Ali was right: this was only the begin­ Socialist Party, and how Saddam Hussein rubber hoses filled with stones.' He managed ning of the Baathist reign of terror. Conspir­ came to control it. Formed in the 1940s as a to survive his ordeal; others were not so acy and spy trials became the rage over the response to Arab despair over the emergence lucky. When the Baath, riven by internal next few years. And as they did, the ranks of of Israel, the Baath (or Renaissance) Party is splits, was ousted nine months later in No­ the persecuted reached all segments of Iraqi a militant political movement dedicated to vember, 1963 by the army, a grisly discovery society. As al-Khalil notes, "The victims the creation of a single, united Arab nation. was made. 'In the cellars of al-Nihayyah Pal- now were Muslim or Christian Iraqis with

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 5586 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 the occasional Jew thrown in for good meas­ the traditional family structure to Baathist is the bitter truth. In a chapter entitled ure." fascism. Under strict orders from Hussein, "The Manufacture of Death," Miller and As deputy to President al-Bakr, Saddam every Iraqi schoolchild is indoctrinated in Mylroie document Hussein's enormous arse­ Hussein played a major role in the Baath the principles of Baathism. They are in­ nal, which includes chemical agents (which Party's gruesome reign during the 1960s and structed to serve as spies for their own coun­ slowly kill people, after horribly burning and 1970s. But being second-in-command did not try and to report on anyone who shows signs blistering them) that he has already used. satisfy Hussein: He wanted to be the sole of "backwardness" (that is, anyone who An equally revolting fact concerns Hus­ leader of Iraq. That way he would be free to criticizes the Baath Party-including their sein's research on and development of bio­ eliminate his own "enemies of the state" own parents. logical weapons. Although Iraq has denied without consulting any superior. And that This totalitarian policy has naturally pro­ that it is trying to develop such weapons, meant purging al-Bakr. voked resistance among Iraqi parents: the Miller and Mylroie show that major Iraqi By 1979, Hussein had gathered enough sup­ resistance is particularly strong among warfare research facilities exist. Iraqi sci­ port within the Baathist army to stage a Iraq's Christian Assyrians and Islamic entists are now investigating several excru­ dramatic coup. It was carried out with flaw­ Kurds. Two minority groups with fierce tra­ ciating diseases-typhoid, cholera, and en­ less efficiency. As al-Khalil describes it: ditional beliefs. Hussein has punished these cephalitis, among others-which they hope "Hussein purged President Ahmad Hasan rebellious minorities by burning the villages to "weaponize." That is, they want to find al-Bakr sometime in June, and took over the of the Assyrian Christians forcing them into the military means to deliver these diseases presidency. For a month he held hostage the exile, a.nd by conducting virtual genocide to targeted populations. families of one-third of the members of the against the Kurds. The most dangerous program of all, how­ Revolutionary Command Council (the One of Saddam's favorite punishments for ever, is Iraq's project to develop nuclear Baathist Party leadership) while those offi­ anti-Baathist parents is to torture and muti­ weapons. Iraqi scientists, at the urging of cials continued to sign papers and make ap­ late their children. Miller and Mylroie quote Hussein, are now feverishly trying to con­ pearances. In the meantime, he purged hun­ the testimony of an Iraqi woman who told struct a nuclear bomb. How soon they will dreds of their cronies, and finally executed Amnesty International how she discovered have one is a matter of debate-some say the lot, including some of the families, fol­ her son: months, others years. But one thing is cer­ lowing a dramatic extraordinary session of "I looked around and saw nine bodies tain: If and when Hussein acquires nuclear the Arab Baath Socialist Party leadership on stretched out on the floor with him... but weapons, he will likely use them. As Presi­ July 20th. my son was in a chair form. . . that is sit­ dent Bush has said: "Saddam Hussein has "Reports put the number of executions of ting form, not sleeping or stretched. He had never had a weapon that he did not use." high-ranking Baathists at around 500 by Au­ blood all over him and his body was very THE KINGS OF BABYLON gust 1st, 1979. However, the full scale of eaten away and bleeding. I looked at the oth­ Like Hitler, Hussein is a truly deluded man killings and lesser degrees of terror at all ers stretched out on the floor alongside him who has messianic visions of grandeur. He levels of the party must be considered still ... all burnt ... I don't know with what believes it is his destiny to control the lucra­ unknown today." ... another's body carried the marks of a tive, vital resources of the Middle East, and Hussein found these purges so exhilarating hot domestic iron all over his head to his have the world grovel at his feet. To this that he decided to record them on camera. feet. end, he has compared himself to the legend­ Videocassettes, distributed throughout the "At the mortuary the bodies were on the ary Kings of Babylon, and promised to repro­ Arab world, show Hussein reading off the floor ... one of them had his chest cut duce their conquests. As Miller and Mylroie names of the supposed traitors, slowly and lengthwise into three sections ... from the comment: theatrically pausing occasionally to light his neck to the bottom of the chest was slit with "Saddam's campaign to enroll the past in cigar. Everyone in the audience sweats, as what must have been a knife and the flesh the service of future glory is obsessive. He the condemned are led away one by one. looked white and roasted as if cooked... . has embarked on a giant project to recon­ Once he had introduced Iraq's governing another had his legs axed with an ax ... his struct a version of ancient Babylon. Millions institution to rubber stamps. Hussein filled arms were also axed. One of them had his of bricks have been baked, many of them in­ key posts with longtime associates and fam­ eyes gouged out and his nose and ears cut scribed: 'The Babylon of Nebuchadnezzar was ily members. Today he rules Iraq through off. . . . One of them looked hanged . . . his reconstructed in the era of Saddam Hussein.' this small clique. neck was long . . . his tongue was hanging Saddam is widely portrayed as a latter-day out and the fresh blood was oozing out of his Nebuchadnezzar, the sixth century B.C. Bab­ THE GODFATHER mouth." Among the few to survive Hussein's purges ylonian ruler, whose memory the Old Testa­ LOSS OF IDENTITY ment has preserved as the conquerer of Jeru­ was Adnan Khairallah, the Iraqi minister of Faced with such unvarnished horror, the salem, the leader who carried the Hebrews defense and brother-in-law of Saddam. Yet Iraqi population has become paralyzed with into captivity. when Khairallah sided against Hussein after In "During one official nighttime celebration, a family despute involving Hussein's mis­ fear. such a state, the inner moral de­ fenses of Iraqis have collapsed, and they have diplomats and invited guests were asked to tress, Khairallah met a sudden and mysteri­ become unable to think or act in a rational cast their eyes upward into the black desert ous death. This was the second time that way. As al-Khalil writes, describing Hus­ sky. There above them hung twin portraits Hussein had murdered a brother-in-law of sein's corrosive impact upon ordinary Iraqi of Saddam and Nebuchadnezzar etched his. Like Michael Corleone in the Godfather citizens: against the night by laser beams. Saddam's (which, suitably, is Saddam's favorite "Such men are feared, not loved; above all features were rendered unusually sharp and movie). Hussein believes that even relatives they command enormous respect in a popu­ hard in order more closely to resemble the cannot be spared should they cross the God­ lace to whom strength of character is invari­ ancient carved images of Nebuchadnezzar." father's path. Given Saddam Hussein's psychosis, it is Hussein's adulterous liaisons (which have ably associated with the ability to both sus­ tain and inflict pain. The madness inherent not surprising that he spent eight years become public knowledge even in Iraq) re­ in the elevation of raw violence to such a fighting an insane war against Iran, which veal his essentially pagan personality and status in the affairs of human beings appears resulted in a stalemate and a million deaths. put a lie to the notion that he is a devout as such only from the outside; from within, Nor is it surprising to find Hussein invading Muslim, beloved by the Islamic world. In respect, no matter how grudgingly bestowed, and terrorizing Kuwait-and believing that fact, Hussein is a secular humanist who uses eventually gives way to awe. Promoted by he can get away with it. the language and rituals of Islam only to the organizational omnipotence of the party What is surprising is the large number of manipulate the masses for his worldly pur­ and the preeminence of fear in people's lives, intelligent people, including a number of poses. Saddam is vigilant about enforcing such awe accentuates utter helplessness and conservatives, who, looking at the available the people's loyalty to him; not to God. worthlessness. The size of the gap between evidence, conclude that the United States Under Hussein, Iraq has become the most awe and worthlessness is a measure of the and the world community need not oppose secular Arab state in the world. Islamic laws Iraq. which are strictly obeyed in other Arab leader's infallibility in the eyes of his fol­ countries are openly flouted in Iraq. (For ex­ lowers, a perception that follows from their Before such people inherit the throne of Neville Chamberlain, and suffer the con­ ample, Hussein has legalized gambling-a loss of identity and defenselessness brought on by the dissolution of all moral norms that demnation of history, they would do well to grave sin, according to Islam.) are not those of the Baath. The public's abil­ pay heed to al-Khalil's warning: Genuine Muslims who have protested this ity to judge what is right and wrong about "When Saddam Hussein tells the world secularization have been swiftly arrested and that if it were within his power he would jailed. They have not been see again. its affairs, what is real as opposed to mere il­ lusion, has broken down completely." start World War ill before ever relinquishing AN ASSAULT ON THE FAMILY It is frightening to think that a man of office voluntarily . . . he means exactly Nowhere is Hussein's secularism more ap­ Saddam Hussein's ferocity has at his dis­ that. With people like this, distinguishing parent than in his attempt to subordinate posal weapons of mass destruction. Yet that between a genuine intention and a propa- March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5587 gandistic flourish is inherently difficult. On INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION DASCHLE intends to introduce similar legisla­ the whole, however, they tend to believe TO PREVENT FETAL ALCOHOL tion in the near future, and I look forward to their own utterances, and however mon­ SYNDROME AMONG AMERICAN working with my House and Senate col­ strous a proposition might seem from the INDIANS leagues to pass this important legislation ad­ standpoint of our normality, it is essential dressing this devastating disease. never to indulge in the ostrich-like tendency to shy away from its insanity." HON. BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBEll OF COLORADO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AUTOMOBILE DEALERSHIP AWARD Thursday, March 7, 1991 DISASTER RELIEF EMPLOYMENT HON. GEORGE J. HOCHBRUECKNER Mr. CAMPBELL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1991 OF NEW YORK today I am introducing legislation to address a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tragic problem that is growing at an alarming Thursday, March 7, 1991 HON. PAT WIWAMS rate in Indian country, where alcoholism is a prevalent problem. My bill focuses attention Mr. HOCHBRUECKNER. Mr. Speaker, it is OF MONTANA and Federal efforts on children born afflicted my great pleasure to rise today to commend an outstanding individual and a Long Island IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with fetal alcohol syndrome, commonly re­ ferred to as FAS. FAS occurs when pregnant friend and constituent of mine, Bart J. Thursday, March 7, 1991 women abuse alcohol as the fetus is develop­ McCarville, president of McCarville Ford, Inc. ing, causing irreversible damage. McCarville Ford, located in Centereach, NY, Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to was recently recognized as a recipient of the reintroduce the Disaster Relief Assistance Act The effects of FAS can be horrible-ranging from mild to moderate retardation, lower IQ, Time Magazine Quality Dealer Award of 1991. I introduced this legislation in the hyperactivity, and organ dysfunction. While [TMQDA]. The TMQDA Program is sponsored 101 st Congress and was joined by 43 cospon­ this tragic disease cuts across all race and so­ by Time magazine in cooperation with the Na­ sors. This bill was incorporated into the Job cioeconomic lines, it strikes American Indian tional Automobile Dealers Association [NADA]. Training Partnership Act Amendments of 1990 children at a much-higher rate. The National Dealers are given this award for "exceptional which passed the House by a vote of 416 Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism es­ performance in their dealerships combined to 1. timates that one out of every six women of with distinguished community service." Mr. In reviewing this legislation, the Education childbearing age may drink enough to threaten McCarville is one of only 66 dealers nation­ and Labor Committee found that under the their unborn baby. The Indian Health Service wide to receive this distinction. Secretary of Labor's discretionary authority in estimates that the rate of FAS for Indians is Mr. McCarville's commitment to his business title Ill, section 302(a)(2) of this act, Secretary 30 times the rate for white babies. On the and the automobile industry, as a member of Dole spent approximately 40 percent of those Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota one the NADA, the New York State Automobile funds or $23 million under current authority of in four children are born to mothers who drink Dealers Association, and the Ford Dealer sections 323(b) and 324 on disasters-$5 mil­ while pregnant. Council, is outstanding. Moreover, his commu­ lion went to South Carolina, $5 million to San Little is known about FAS, but interest in re­ nity service record is unequaled. Mr. McCarville's community efforts include mem­ Francisco, $3 million to Texas, $2 million to search is spreading amongst scientists and bership in the Smithtown Cooperative Educ­ Puerto Rico, $2 million to the Virgin Islands, other segments of the community to find out tion Association, the Smithtown Planning $800,000 to Florida, $750,000 to Alabama, exactly how FAS affects a person and about the irreversible damage it causes. Board, and he is a past president of the $300,000 to Colorado, $300,000 to American Smithtown School Board. Mr. McCarville is Samoa, and $68,000 to North Carolina-$20 As a Congressman, I am alarmed that we are not doing enough to prevent FAS and also a member of the St. James Civic Asso­ million of the $23 million was spent under the ciation and the Centereach Chamber of Com­ job creation authority under section 324(a)(4). educate people about this tragedy. As an American Indian, it causes me great anguish merce. Public service employment was ended by Mr. Speaker, I cannot imagine a more ap­ the Reconciliation Act of 1981 and was re­ that FAS is taking such a huge toll in Indian country. And simply as a human, I'm con­ propriate individual to be honored with the introduced by Secretary Dole who chose to cerned for the welfare of all these innocent TMQDA. It is my personal privilege to recog­ fund job creation in excess of the 10 percent children. This is a preventable disease, and nize Bart McCarville for his achievements and minimum for all of section 324(a). we must do all we can to educate women to for his outstanding commitment to the entire The authority for demonstration programs, the dangers of abusing alcohol while they are Long Island community. I am proud to call him including job creation, under section 324 of pregnant, and provide treatment for those who my friend. the Job Training Partnership Act expires at the are addicted to drugs and alcohol. end of fiscal year 1991. This authorization was Toward that goal, earlier today I was joined H.R. 1209 for 3 years-fiscal year 1989-91. at a press conference by one of my distin­ Last year the House of Representatives guished colleagues from the Senate, Senator HON.JOSEE.SERRANO agreed that a permanent authorization is TOM DASCHLE and Rodney Grant, a young OF NEW YORK needed to be able to respond to disasters American Indian actor who appears in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES within the framework of the Job Training Part­ "Dances With Wolves," and has personally felt nership Act and that the authority should be the harsh effects of alcoholism. We an­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 placed in title IV and not in title Ill, so that the nounced the kickoff of a new foundation, the Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, on Thursday, Secretary will spend title Ill discretionary funds National Organization for Fetal Alcohol Syn­ February 28, I introduced a bill, H.R. 1209, to on plant closings. drome, of which Senator DASCHLE and I are provide and restore certain education benefits Disaster relief under this legislation is trig­ board members, and for which Mr. Grant has to certain individuals serving in the Persian gered when there is a determination by the agreed to be the national spokesperson. Gulf. We all have followed closely the devel­ President that an emergency or major disaster The legislation I am introducing today au­ opments in the gulf. As I hoped and prayed for has occurred under (42 U.S.C. 5122 (1) and thorizes several programs to allow tribes to set a speedy end to the conflict, I realized that we (2)) FEMA. The trigger for this program is far up community education and prevention pro­ have been depending on the men and women more limited than the current one in section grams, provides for alcohol and substance who make up the United States volunteer abuse treatment for women, authorizes pro­ force deployed in the gulf to bring about this 323 which just requires an agreement be­ grams for research programs, and establishes ending. And as all Americans here at home tween the Secretary and the Governor that an an interagency task force to coordinate Fed­ have depended on the troops, so the troops emergency exists. eral efforts to combat FAS. Finally, the bill re­ are depending upon us to facilitate their re­ quires the Secretary of Health and Human turn. Services to make an annual report to Con­ This bill would ensure that our military per­ gress on efforts to combat FAS/E. Senator sonnel will not have to face difficulties in se- 5588 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 curing veterans educational assistance, or in­ "(2) The payment of the educational assist­ "(C) The period of course pursuit referred terrupt their education needlessly. Any individ­ ance allowance referred to in paragraph (1) of to in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph is ual who discontinued a course of study or this subsection is the payment of such an al­ the period beginning on the effective date of failed to receive credit or training time toward lowance to an individual for pursuit of a the award of an educational assistance al­ course or courses under this chapter with re­ lowance under this chapter to the veteran completion of an educational professional or spect to the period described in paragraph (3) for the period of enrollment during which vocational objective, as a result of involvement of this subsection if the Secretary finds that the veteran discontinued course pursuit as in the Persian Gulf war, would remain entitled the individual- described in subparagraph (B) of this para­ to receive any educational assistance ex­ "(A) in the case of a member of the Se­ graph and ending on the date of such dis­ pended on the uncompleted course. Our vet­ lected Reserve, had to discontinue such continuance; except that in no case may erans would not be made to give up the edu­ course pursuit as a result of being ordered, in such period exceed the portion of the period cational assistance to which they are, by law, connection with the Persian Gulf War, to of enrollment with respect to which the indi­ serve on active duty under section 672, 673, vidual failed to receive credit or training entitled, as a result of having been ordered to 673b, or 675 of title 10; or time, as determined under subparagraph serve on active duty, to a new duty location or "(B) in the case of a person serving on ac­ (B)(iii) of this paragraph. assignment, or to perform an increased tive duty, had to discontinue such course "(D) The amount in the fund for each eligi­ amount of work. pursuit as a result of being ordered, in con­ ble veteran who received a payment of an In addition, H.R. 1209 would provide that nection with such War, to a new duty loca­ educational assistance allowance described veterans will not lose their valuable education tion or assignment or to perform an in­ in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph shall creased amount of work; and be restored to the amount that would have time spent on active duty in connection with been in the fund for the veteran if the pay­ the gulf war. That is to say, any period of "(C) failed to receive credit or training time toward completion of the individual's ment had not been made. For purposes of service on active duty would not be consid­ approved educational, professional, or voca­ carrying out the previous sentence, the Sec­ ered a part of the 10-year period during which tional objective as a result of having to dis­ retary of Defense shall deposit into the fund, veterans are eligible for educational assist­ continue, as described in subparagraph (A) or on behalf of each such veteran, an amount ance. Neither would it be considered a sepa­ (B) of this paragraph, his or her course pur­ equal to the entire amount of the payment ration from the selected Reserve. So our re­ suit. made to the veteran. turning military personnel will be able to pick "(3) The period of course pursuit referred "(E) The formula provided in paragraph (2) to in paragraph (2) of this subsection is the of this subsection shall be implemented as up where they left off; they will not lose eligi­ if- bility for benefits as a result of their time spent period beginning on the effective date of the award of an educational assistance allowance "(i) the payment made to the fund by the on active duty. under this chapter to the individual for the Secretary of Defense under subparagraph (D) Finally, this legislation states that" any mem­ period of enrollment during which the indi­ of this paragraph; and ber of the Armed Forces called or ordered to vidual discontinued course pursuit as de­ "(ii) any payment described in subpara­ active duty in connection with the gulf war scribed in paragraph (2) of this subsection graph (B) of this paragraph that was paid out shall be eligible to defer repayment of any and ending on the date of such discontinu­ of the fund, loan made under the Higher Education Act of ance; except that in no case may such period had not been made or paid.". 1965. During the time spent on active duty, exceed the portion of the period of enroll­ (2) Section 1631(a)(2) of such title is amend­ military personnel will not have to make loan ment with respect to which the individual ed by inserting "in paragraph (5)(E) of this failed to receive credit or training time, as subsection and" after "Except as provided". payments. This period of deferment would not determined under paragraph (2)(C) of this (c) CHAPI'ER 35 PROGRAM.-Section 171l(a) be counted against the grace period preceding subsection.". of such title is amended- the start of repayment. So members of the (b) CHAPI'ER 32 PROGRAM.-(1) Section (1) by striking out "Each" and inserting in Armed Forces with outstanding student loans 1631(a) of such title is amended by adding at lieu thereof "(1) Each"; and would be able to resume a loan repayment the end the following new paragraph: (2) by adding at the end the following new schedule at the end of the conflict. "(5)(A) Notwithstanding any other provi­ paragraph: Many men and women from my south Bronx sion of this chapter or chapter 36 of this "(2)(A) Notwithstanding any other provi­ district and throughout the Nation enlist in the title, any payment of an educational assist­ sion of this chapter or chapter 36 of this ance allowance described in subparagraph title, any payment of an educational assist­ Armed Forces to enhance their opportunities (B) of this paragraph;_ ance allowance described in subparagraph for education. Hundreds of thousands of these "(i) shall not be charged against the enti­ (B) of this paragraph shall not- citizens have lived up to their part of the bar­ tlement of any eligible veteran under this "(i) be charged against the entitlement of gain by serving in the gulf war. Now we must chapter; and any individual under this chapter; or ensure that the U. S. Government fulfills its "(ii) shall not be counted toward the aggre­ "(ii) be counted toward the aggregate pe­ obligation to them. gate period for which section 1795 of this riod for which section 1795 of this title limits As operations in the Persian Gulf come to title limits an individual's receipt of assist­ an individual's receipt of assistance. an end, it is important that we acknowledge ance. "(B) The payment of the educational as­ our debt to the men and women who have "(B) The payment of an educational assist­ sistance allowance referred to in subpara­ ance allowance referred to in subparagraph graph (A) of this paragraph is the payment of volunteered and served the United States so (A) of this paragraph is any payment of a such an allowance to an individual for pur­ effectively. Let us help them to return to their monthly benefit under this chapter to an eli­ suit of a course or courses under this chapter homes, families, and educational pursuits as gible veteran for pursuit of a course or with respect to the period described in sub­ easily as possible. The text of the bill follows: courses under this chapter during the period paragraph (C) of this paragraph if the Sec­ H.R.1209 described in subparagraph (C) of this sub­ retary finds that the individual- section if the Secretary finds that the eligi­ "(!) had to discontinue such course pursuit Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ ble veteran- as a result of being ordered, in connection resentatives o[ the United States of America in "(i) in the case of a member of the Selected with the Persian Gulf War, to serve on active Congress assembled, Reserve, had to discontinue such course pur­ duty under section 672, 673, 673b, or 675 of SECTION 1. RESTORATION OF VETERANS EDU­ suit as a result of being ordered, in connec­ title 10; and CATIONAL ASSISTANCE. tion with the Persian Gulf War, to serve on "(ii) failed to receive credit or training (a) CHAPI'ER 30 PROGRAM .-Section 1413 of active duty under section 672, 673, 673b, or 675 time toward completion of the individual's title 38, United States Code, is amended by of title 10; or approved educational, professional, or voca­ adding at the end the following new sub­ "(ii) in the case of a person serving on ac­ tional objective as a result of having to dis­ section: tive duty, had to discontinue such course continue, as described in clause (i) of this "(0(1) Notwithstanding any other provi­ pursuit as a result of being ordered, in con­ subparagraph, his or her course pursuit. sion of this chapter or chapter 36 of this nection with such War, to a new duty loca­ "(C) The period of course pursuit referred title, any payment of an educational assist­ tion or assignment or to perform an in­ to in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph is ance allowance described in paragraph (2) of creased amount of work; and the period beginning on the effective date of this subsection shall not- "(iii) failed to receive credit or training the award of an educational assistance al­ "(A) be charged against the entitlement of time toward completion of the individual's lowance under this chapter to the individual any individual under this chapter; or approved educational, professional, or voca­ for the period of enrollment during which "(B) be counted toward the aggregate pe­ tional objective as a result of having to dis­ the individual discontinued course pursuit as riod for which section 1795 of this title limits continue, as described in clause (i) or (ii) of described in subparagraph (B) of this para­ an individual's receipt of assistance. this subparagraph, his or her course pursuit. graph and ending on the date of such dis- March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5589 continuance; except that in no case may Persian Gulf region shall be eligible for But words that he never planned on anyone such period exceed the portion of the period deferment under section 428(b)(1)(M)(ii) or seeing speak volumes about his feelings in of enrollment with respect to which the indi­ 464(c)(2)(A)(ii), respectively, of the Higher the days before he went to the Persian Gulf. vidual failed to receive credit or training Education Act of 1965, during the continu­ "I hope what lies ahead for me will be time, as determined under subparagraph ance of such duty. Such period of deferment God's will and he will look over me and my (B)(ii) of this paragraph.". shall not be counted against the grace period family during this time of twelve months," (d) SELECTED RESERVE PROGRAM.-Section (preceding the commencement of repayment) Tatum wrote in late January after being 2131(c) of title 10, United States Code, is that is available to any such individual with called up to serve with the U.S. Army. amended by adding at the end the following respect to any such loan under section A little more than a month later Cpl. new paragraph: 428(b)(1)(E) or 464(c)(l)(A), respectively, of James David Tatum was dead. "(3)(A) Notwithstanding any other provi­ such Act. The 22-year-old McMinn Countian was sion of this chapter or chapter 36 of title 38, (b) OPERATIONS IN THE PERSIAN GULF RE­ killed when a Scud missile slammed into a any payment of an educational assistance al­ GION DEFINED.-For purposes of subsection U.S. Army barracks in Dhahran, Saudi Ara­ lowance described in subparagraph (B) of this (a), the term "operations in the Persian Gulf bia, on Monday. paragraph shall not- region" means United States military activi­ His family discovered the writing, which is "(i) be charged against the entitlement of ties conducted as a consequence of the inva­ in the form of a journal entry, after Tatum any individual under this chapter; or sion of Kuwait by Iraq on August 2, 1990, in­ had left home. "(ii) be counted toward the aggregate pe­ cluding United States military activities "We didn't know it was written," said Gor­ riod for which section 1795 of title 38 limits conducted under the Iiame Operation Desert don Swallows, Tatum's stepbrother. "After an individual's receipt of assistance. Shield or Operation Desert Storm. he was gone they were taking out the trash, "(B) The payment of the educational as­ saw what looked to be a wadded up letter in sistance allowance referred to in subpara­ the garbage." graph (A) of this paragraph is the payment of A TRIBUTE TO CPL. DAVID TATUM "We got it," Swallows, 25, said Friday such an allowance to the individual for pur­ morning in a voice strained with emotion. suit of a course or courses under this chapter "This is how David felt." with respect to the period described in sub­ HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR. Tatum's family broke three days of near paragraph (C) of this paragraph if the Sec­ OF TENNESSEE silence Friday when they met with reporters retary of Veterans Affairs finds that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on the lawn of their home just off Riceville individual- Road in McMinn County. "(!) had to discontinue such course pursuit Thursday, March 7, 1991 A flag flew at half-staff from the porch of as a result of being ordered, in connection Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, the tragic death the small home, tucked into a quiet hillside. with the Persian Gulf War, to serve on active or injury of many American soldiers occurred A picture of Tatum sat on the steps for pho­ duty under section 672, 673, 673b, or 675 of tographers. this title; and just as victory in the Middle East was at hand. Saddam Hussein launched a final Scud mis­ Swallows said the family believed it was "(ii) failed to receive credit or training time to speak publicly after an initial reluc­ time toward completion of the individual's sile at Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, in the final tance to discuss his death. approved educational, professional, or voca­ week of the Persian Gulf war. As you know, "We felt like it was our duty," Swallows tional objective as a result of having to dis­ that Scud hit a building where U.S. Army per­ said. "He was ours but he was the nation's." continue, as described in clause (i) of this sonnel were staying. The family, he said, is holding up. Swal­ subparagraph, his or her course pursuit. One of the fine soldiers who lost his life at lows was the spokesman for the family Fri­ "(C) The period of course pursuit referred that time was from my district-Cpl. David day. to in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph is "They're doing good now. Of course, the the period beginning on the effective date of Tatum of Riceville, TN. David was only 22 years old. He had en­ initial news was * * * heartbreaking," he the award of an educational assistance al­ said. "It's still tough * * * to talk about lowance under this chapter to the individual listed in the Army after he graduated from high some things. The hard part's still to come, for the period of enrollment during which school and served for 3 years until 1990. when the body actually gets here." the individual discontinued course pursuit as He was one of the many reservists called Tatum's parents, Ray Neal Tatum and described in subparagraph (B) of this para­ back into active duty in the wake of this con­ Carol Tatum, listened quietly while Swal­ graph and ending on the date of such dis­ flict. David responded faithfully and without lows read a prepared statement. By the time continuance; except that in no case may question when his country asked him to serve Swallows reached the end the trio had their such period exceed the portion of the period arms around one another. They drew espe­ of enrollment with respect to which the indi­ again. Mr. Speaker, I am grateful for David's will­ cially close when Swallows, who has been vidual failed to receive credit or training trying to shield his parents during the or­ time, as determined under subparagraph ingness to answer the call of duty. It is the deal, faltered toward the end. (B)(ii) of this paragraph.". dedication and selflessness of many unsung "Our sorrow in this time of loss is tem­ (e) DEFINITION.-Section 101 of title 38, heroes such as David Tatum that have made pered by the notion that, in God's world, ev­ United States Code, is amended by adding at America the great Nation that it is. erything has a purpose and a meaning," he the end the following new paragraph: It is sad that it often takes a tragedy like this said, struggling to keep from breaking down. "(33) The term 'Persian Gulf War' means to bring to our atter_ttion the uncommon valor "God bless you, David. * * * We love the period beginning on August 2, 1990, and you * * * and will all miss you very much." ending on the date thereafter prescribed by of individual Americans. However, as long as we remember the sacrifices made by the Both parents had little to say. Presidential proclamation or by law.". "All I know is that Jesus Christ right now SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF DELIMITING DATE. David Tatums and their families, their lives are has his arms around him. He's in a better Section 2133(b) of title 10, United States not given in vain. place," Ray Neal Tatum said. Code, is amended by adding at the end the My deepest condolences go to the family of Carol Tatum, speaking with Swallows at following: Cpl. David Tatum and to all the families of her arm, said, "I'm just his stepmother, but "(4) Any period of service on active duty those who lost loved ones in the Persian Gulf I was his momma in his heart. I had him for served by a person ordered to such active war. I applaud the devotion to our great coun­ 10 years and he couldn't have been closer to duty under section 672, 673, 673b, 674, or 675 in me than this one (her son, Swallows) that's connection with the Persian Gulf War shall try represented in the service of all our military personnel who went to the Middle East. on my right right now." not be considered, for purposes of subsection Swallows said the family is grateful they (a), to be-- Our prayers are with them all, as are the in­ found Tatum's writings. "(A) a part of the 10-year period referred to adequate thanks of a grateful nation. He wouldn't have been able to say what he in clause (1) of such subsection; or I ask that an article about David Tatum that wrote. "(B) a separation from the Selected Re­ appeared in the Knoxville News-Sentinel be "Nothing emotional like that would he serve referred to in clause (2) of such sub­ printed in the RECORD. have said out loud, even though he felt it," section.". [From the Knoxville News-Sentinel, Mar. 2, Swallows said. SEC. 3. STUDENT LOAN DEFERMENTS. 1991] Before he left for the Persian Gulf, Tatum (a) RETENTION OF GRACE PERIOD.-Repay­ "went to people individually. It wasn't a ment of any loan made under part BorE of SLAIN CORPORAL LEFT MESSAGE--DISCARDED very emotional goodbye. He was saying it title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 PAPER BECOMES TREASURE the best way that he could," Swallows said. to an individual who is a member of the (By Randy Kenner) Tatum joined the Army after graduating Armed Forces called or ordered to active RICEVILLE, TN.-Cpl. David Tatum was a from high school and served a three-year duty in connection with operations in the quiet man who kept his emotions to himself. hitch before getting out in 1990. He was 5590 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 working as a mechanic's helper on heavy The AMA has recognized Mary Ann Arty for school, he attended Hiram College in Hiram, equipment when he was called back into the her outstanding work to promote the science OH, and served the community as both a vol­ service. of medicine. I would like to mention some of unteer fireman and dispatcher for the Hiram Swallows said his brother might have had a premonition something was going to hap­ her most outstanding accomplishments. Mary Police Department. Mr. Reichle graduated pen to him. He telephoned home often until Ann served on the Delaware County Commis­ from Hiram College in 1986. he reached Saudi Arabia and the war heated sioners Council on Drug Abuse, was a mem­ Mr. Reichle continued his service by enlist­ up. ber of the Governor's council for human serv­ ing with the U.S. Marine Reserves. After 5 "I feel he did. He was going to (see) every­ ices, was a delegate to the White House Con­ years of service, he was transferred to the one and he kept calling home," Swallows ference on Children in 1970 and the White U.S. Army where he underwent extensive said. "He called home practically every day, House Conference on Families a decade later, training for helicopter duty. After the comple­ sometimes two or three or four times a day, just to talk to people, to his family, to let and she serves on the advisory boards of nu­ tion of his training, CWO 2 Hal Reichle served them know he did love them." merous educational and health care groups in in Korea, California, Texas, Georgia, and in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. the Middle East since August 1990. PLEA FOR GoD'S WILL TO BE DONE AMONG Mary Ann Arty is a public servant in the Hal Reichle was a very skilled and com­ LAST WORDS WRITTEN BY MCMINN SOLDIER greatest sense of the word. She has used her petent pilot who was well liked and respected Daniel Tatum wrote the following words position as an elected official to continue her by all who knew him. Mr. Reichle was a Chris­ shortly before he left McMinn County for work on behalf of the sick. She is a great tian and a humanitarian, always serving and Fort Lee, Va., in late January. He died ear­ leader and a true friend. I know that my col­ lending a hand where he was needed. It was lier this week in Saudi Arabia in Monday's Scud missile attack on Dhahran. The Scud leagues join me in commending her on her re­ these characteristics which led Mr. Reichle to hit a large barracks. ceipt of this prestigious award. become a scout and not a combatant, and "Day 1 I found out at 6:30 a.m. that I was often expressed his humanitarianism and love to report to Ft. Lee, Va., on Jan. 31, 1991, for of country by stating: the regular army. I was expecting this ever A TIME FOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT God forgive me if I am ever responsible for since the crisis in the Middle East started. It UNITY anyone's death and I do hope that the Amer­ was a day of mixed emotions. I was glad I fi­ ican people appreciate what we are doing nally found out if I was going to be activated over here. or not. On the other side of all this I feel bad HON. RICK SANTORUM about all the sorrow that everyone is going OF PENNSYLVANIA Mr. Reichle is survived by his wife, Arricca thru. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Elin Sansone Reichle of Youngstown, OH, who is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A.E. Vea "Last night before leaving I went and said Thursday, March 7, 1991 goodbye once again to I hope all the people of Liberty Township, and by his parents Bar­ that know me around the Athens and Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. Speaker, I want to bara Reichle of Bedford, OH, and Mr. Wayne Riceville area. If did not maybe they will un­ take a moment to commend the many people Reichle of Marietta, GA. CWO 2 Hal Reichle derstand. in western Pennsylvania who will be gathering was buried in the National Cemetery in Mari­ "I hope what lies ahead for me will be together for the 12th international labor-man­ etta, GA, with full military honors on March 1, God's will and he will look over me and my agement prayer breakfast. As we enter a time family during this time of twelve months. 1991 . The Hal Hooper Reichle Memorial "What is happening in the Middle East (no of international peace and accord, we need Scholarship Fund has been established in his war is right) but if that is God's will then I more than ever to see this spirit of reconcili­ honor, open to all those in need. will do all I can for the cause but if it's not ation operating here between labor and man­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this oppor­ the Lord's will then I hope he will forgive me agement. The principles of love, dignity, and tunity to recognize CWO 2 Hal Hooper Reichle and all that is being and going to be done respect must be operative in the work environ­ for his outstanding service to our country. I am over in the Middle East. ment. Our Nation has been built and sustained proud and honored to have represented this "That will be it for tonight until tomorrow by the hard work of those in labor and man­ may God be with all the troops in the Middle upstanding, respected individual. East (All of them)." agement. When we work together, nothing can stop us. Our recent successes abroad attest to this. But when we are divided, our ability to THE DOMESTIC MEAT PRODUCERS HONORING MARY ANN ARTY FOR compete and perform is severely impaired. AND CONSUMERS PROTECTION HER CONTRIBUTIONS TO PUBLIC Therefore, Congress applauds the efforts of ACT OF 1991 HEALTH those involved in the labor-management pray­ er breakfast. Their vision and willingness to HON. PAT WIWAMS HON. CURT WElDON work together is what our Nation needs as we OF MONTANA OF PENNSYLVANIA enter a new century. So to those attending, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thank you for your prayer and your fellowship IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, March 7, 1991 to bring reconciliation to the workplace. Thursday, March 7, 1991 Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to troducing the Domestic Meat Producers and pay special tribute to a close friend of mine, TRIBUTE TO CHIEF WARRANT Consumers Protection Act to maintain the Mary Ann Arty. Last week, the American Medi­ OFFICER 2 HAL HOOPER REICHLE quality of the American meat and poultry sup­ cal Association presented her with the Dr. Na­ ply. than Davis Award for outstanding public serv­ HON. JAMES A. TRAF1CANT, JR. Because of a frankly ill-advised and short­ ice. OF OHIO sighted Department of Agriculture plan to end To the residents of Delaware County, PA, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES all Federal inspections of imported Canadian Mary Ann Arty is known to all. A former nurse meat and poultry, both American consumers and State representative, she now serves as Thursday, March 7, 1991 and producers will be denied the assurance chairwoman of Delaware County Council. Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today that our domestic food supply is safe. Mary Ann began her career in medicine after to pay tribute to CWO 2 Hal Hooper Reichle The legislation I am introducing along with her graduation from the Medical College of of my 17th Congressional District of Ohio, who my colleague Congressman DORGAN of North Pennsylvania School of Nursing in 1947. After was killed in action on February 20, 1991, in Dakota is simple and straightforward. Our bill serving as a public health nurse in Springfield Saudi Arabia while returning from a recon would protect the public's confidence in our Township for more than a decade, she was combat mission. Mr. Reichle served as a heli­ meat and poultry by requiring the continued in­ elected to the Pennsylvania House of Rep­ copter pilot of an OH-58 Scout to the 1/24 spection by the Department of Agriculture of resentatives in 1979. Mary Ann Arty served Aviation Regiment, 24th Infantry Division imported Canadian meat and poultry. her constituents and the State with distinction based in Savannah, GA. The plan by the USDA to abandon all im­ until 1988, when she joined Delaware County Hal Reichle spent his childhood in both ported meat inspections is part of an experi­ Council. She now chairs that very important Youngstown and Warren, OH, and is a grad­ ment prompted by the new United States-Can­ organization. uate of Kinston High School. Following high ada Free-Trade Agreement. Prior to the ratifi- March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5591 cation of the trade agreement, all trucks ship­ academic year. The students must participate of the Institute of Afro-American Affairs at New ping meat into the United States from Canada in an intensive 6-week course of instruction York University. Dr. Brown currently serves as were required to stop for inspection at one of where they address critical issues such as president of Bronx Community College of the a handful of American inspection stations constitutionalism, checks and balances, due City University of New York. along our border with Canada. process, and human rights. Mr. McKeeman's Dr. Brown served his country in a military In recent months the Department of Agri­ class demonstrated their exceptional knowl­ capacity as well. He belonged to a heroic culture has implemented a s~lled stream­ edge of these and other important constitu­ group of patriotic young men-the Tuskegee lined inspection system that now requires only tional issues in the simulated congressional Airmen-who sought to join the U.S. military a certain, limited number of trucks which are hearings in the New York State finals. I am as the first black pilots in the Army Air Force. computer preselected by Canada to stop at proud to announce that the following students It was an epic struggle that required the inter­ our border for inspection. from Smithtown High School East in Saint cession of many prominent people including Incredibly, the next and final step, the USDA James, NY, will be representing New York an appeal from Eleanor Roosevelt to grant wants to take is to eliminate inspections alto­ State in the national finals held here in Wash­ them the opportunity to prove their skill and gether, including even the checks under the ington, DC, in late April: Lorraine Adams, mettle as flyers. Dr. Brown and his fellow air­ so-called limited system. Heather Anderson, Andrea Bertone, Victor men had to battle segregation and racism in Mr. Speaker, American consumers have Chiu, Rocco DeBonis, Leza DiBella, Kelly America before they were allowed to do battle benefited perhaps more significantly than Diffily, Daniel Edelbaum, Jonathan Fields, against fascism in Europe. They trained at the those from any other corner of the world from Sean Flynn, Robert Gabriele, Paul Gadue, Army Air Base at Tuskegee Institution and a long and hard won effort in this Nation that Kevin Gleason, Melinda Hough, Tamarra Mat­ flew many missions as fighter escorts on stretches back to the turn of the century to as­ thews, Nicole McGraime, James Nyberg, Jef­ bombing raids over Europe. As an Army Air sure and maintain a safe and healthy food frey Pettit, Jocelyn Pletz, David Podwall, Force Captain who commanded the 1OOth supply. We ought not let this new effort to Hiraku Shimada, Kimberly Smith, and Stephen Fighter Squadron, Dr. Brown was awarded the abandon inspections be the thread that starts Smith. Distinguished Flying Cross and Air Medal with the slow and dangerous unraveling of the con­ I am proud today to honor Mr. Alan eight Oak Leaf Clusters. He earned the Air fidence which took so long to establish. McKeeman and these students from Medal after becoming the first American pilot The streamlined system now in effect has Smithtown High School East. I wish them the to successfully shoot down a Nazi jet fighter serious problems of its own. It directly dimin­ best of luck as they represent my State of aircraft. ishes confidence in our domestic meat supply New York in the national bicentennial competi­ Dr. Brown's publications include the widely by handing over to a foreign nation the re­ tion of the Constitution and Bill of Rights next read reference work, The Negro Almanac; sponsibility and authority for deciding which month. They are shining examples of a new Classical Studies in Physical Activity, with meat import will be inspected and which will generation of leadership for our Nation. I want Gerald Kenyon; New Perspectives of Man In not. It is the proverbial fox guarding the chick­ to commend these outstanding students for Action, with B.J. Cratty; The Black Experience, en coop. their accomplishments and for their commit­ and more than 60 articles which appeared in But on the other hand, the anticipated plan ment to contribute to our Nation. such scholarly journals as Annals of Political which USDA is now on the verge of imple­ and Social Science, Journal of American Den­ menting of no inspections at all is a clear tal Association, The Journal of Negro Edu­ threat to the health of the American people. TRIBUTE TO DR. ROSCOE C. BROWN, JR. cation, and Negro Digest. He prepared the USDA statistics record that 703 million very popular "Black Culture Quiz," of which pounds of meat from Canada entered my over 200,000 copies have been distributed. State of Montana in 1989. Given Canada's HON. JOSE E. SERRANO Mr. Speaker, I would describe Dr. Brown's status as the No. 1 foreign exporter of meat to OF NEW YORK dedication to community service as nothing the United States and the fact that it has the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES less than exemplary. Dr. Brown serves as worst rate of meat rejected for entry into our Thursday, March 7, 1991 chairman of the New York City Regional Edu­ domestic market, there is considerable reason for wanting to maintain our current USDA-con­ Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, each Fel:r cation Center for Economic Development, the ducted border meat inspections. That is pre­ ruary, the Nation pauses to observe Black His­ Negro Ensemble Company, and the Greater cisely what the bill Congressman DORGAN and tory Month in tribute to those citizens who Harlem Nursing Home. He is a member of the myself are introducing would do. have enriched this country with their contribu­ National Boards of the American Council on tions to culture, to science, to education, and Education and the Boys Clubs of America. He to public service. On February 23, 1991, I pre­ also serves on the boards of the Public Edu­ CONGRATULATIONS SMITHTOWN sented an award in honor and recognition of cation Association, the Metropolitan YMCA, HIGH SCHOOL EAST extraordinary public service. I rise today to the Fund for the city of New York, the New praise the recipient of this award, Dr. Roscoe York Botanical Garden, the New York City HON.GEORGEJ.HOCHBRUECKNER C. Brown, Jr., a man whose contribution to Partnership, the New York Academy for Public OF NEW YORK education, to the African-American community, Education, and the City Parks Foundation. In IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and to the city of New York, has earned him addition, Dr. Brown serves on the board of di­ a wide reputation as a distinguished and ac­ rectors of the American Association of Univer­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 complished public citizen. sity Administrators, the New York State Mr. HOCHBRUECKNER. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. Speaker, my friend Roscoe C. Brown, Human Rights Advisory Council, the ACE honored to have the opportunity to extend Jr., is an exceptionally capable and talented Commission on Minorities in Higher Education, congratulations to the advanced placement individual. Time and again, he has dem­ and the AACJC Urban Community College government class of Mr. Alan McKeeman at onstrated keen ability and commitment that Commission. Dr. Brown is president of One Smithtown High School East in my district, on have characterized his life of dedication to Hundred Black Men, Inc., an influential group Long Island. Mr. McKeeman's class finished equal opportunity and civil rights for all Ameri­ of civic-minded Black New Yorkers. first in the overall standings in the New York cans. He has performed each job with skill In addition to service organizations, Dr. State finals of the national bicentennial com­ and professionalism, always offering tremen­ Brown has taken an active role in promoting petition on the Constitution and Bill of Rights dous contributions to each activity. His list of African-American culture in the field of the simulated congressional hearings. credentials is most impressive. arts. Dr. Brown has hosted numerous tele­ The national bicentennial competition is the A native of Washington, DC, Dr. Brown at­ vision programs, including "Black Letters" most extensive program in the country de­ tended Dunbar High School and received his (WCBs-TV), "Bicentennial: A Black Perspec­ signed to educate young people about the his­ bachelor's degree from Springfield College, tive" (WNBC-TV), "Freedom's Word" tory and principles of the Constitution and Bill MA. He holds a doctorate from NYU and (WNBC-TV), and "Black Arts" (WCB$-TV) for of Rights. There are 2 million students at the served as a faculty member at West Virginia which he received the coveted Emmy Award. elementary, middle, and high school levels State College and as a full professor at NYU's He also hosted a weekly radio program, "Soul who will participate in the program during the School of Education. He was formally director of Reason," (WNBC-NY) and a weekly tele- 5592 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 v1s1on news segment, "Black Viewpoint," ers for bringing about a quick resolution to the Utes called the Gunnison River Tomichi, (WNYC/Channel 31}. crisis in the Middle East and for His protection meaning the river of high cliffs and plenty Dr. Brown has received numerous awards over the lives of the personnel involved. water. and honors for scholarly and community activi­ Mr. Speaker, it is appropriate that the Con­ The canyon by itself cannot become a park. ties, among them the Rosenwald Fellowship, gress commend the success of our troops and With the establishment of a new national con­ NYU Distinguished Alumnus Award, and the allies in Operation Desert Storm on their mili­ servation area, one of only a handful of spe­ National Distinguished Community Service tary success. I was very pleased to join my cial areas run by the Bureau of Land Manage­ Award from the National Urban Coalition. He colleagues in this effort by supporting House ment, and the establishment of only the sec­ was recently inducted into the National Asso­ Resolution 95. ond wild and scenic river in our State, I feel ciation for Sports and Physical Education Hall I can successfully convince my colleagues that of Fame. Colorado deserves another national park and Mr. Speaker, those who are fortunate INTRODUCTION OF THE BLACK stands ready to accept the responsibility that enough to know Dr. Brown, know him as a CANYON NATIONAL CONSERVA­ comes with it. man of integrity and vision. His compassion TION ACT I certainly stand ready to push forward at toward all Americans is evident by his exten­ the earliest opportunity to resolve any remain­ sive participation in so many activities. He is HON.BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBEll ing issues. I hope I can count on your support. a devoted and proud father of four children. It OF COLORADO is my hope that as we join to honor this exem­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plary man, a true role model for his peers and TRIBUTE TO THE NATIONAL ITAL­ for generations of young adults and children, Thursday, March 7, 1991 IAN-AMERICAN SPORTS HALL OF we may learn from his devoted community Mr. CAMPBELL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, FAME service, and recognize his achievements as a today I am proud to reintroduce the Black Black American. It is with true pleasure that I Canyon of the Gunnison National Conserva­ HON. JAMFS A. TRAFlCANT, JR. offer my heartfelt congratulations to Dr. Brown. tion Act. OF OHIO After years of intense discussion, study and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES anticipation, I have decided that redesigning Thursday, March 7, 1991 COMMENDING U.S. FORCES IN the monument as a national park, establishing Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today DESERT STORM a national conservation area and · adding the to pay tribute to the National Italian-American Gunnison River to a growing list of nationally Sports Hall of Fame [NIASHF] being held in HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR. recognized wild and scenic rivers may finally Chicago on March 10, 1991. The purpose of OF TENNESSEE resolve the land use, water, and tourism-relat­ NIASHF is to honor the commitment for which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ed issues that have kept the area controver­ it was founded by annually inducting Italian­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 sial. Americans on the basis of their achievements A southwest parks and monuments booklet and contributions to international sports, and Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, when Iraq and begins by stating: providing scholarships to worthy students re­ its leader, Saddam Hussein, risked the relative Few words adequately describe the splen­ gardless of race, color, sex, and creed for stability of the Middle East last August, Amer­ dor of the Black Canyon of the their academic and athletic accomplishments. ican troops once again found themselves Gunnison . . . far too many people pass by The inducted sports figures will be perma­ called to action. Hussein's aggression against it. A relative unknown, it ranks among the nently enshrined as visible examples to all Kuwait put United States security interests at deepest and narrowest canyons in North who visit the Hall of Fame. It is the hope of risk. America, dwarfting such popular chasms as the Royal Gorge and Bryce Canyon. NIASHF that young people will be reminded of I strongly supported the President's quick the value of persistance and dedication re­ and decisive response to this aggression and Truly, its sheer walls, shadowed depths, and quired to achieve success in life. The following am proud of all our troops who have been the intense colors produced by canyon sun­ sports figures are to be honored at this year's sent to the Middle East. sets awe every visitor. induction ceremony: Edward J. DeBartolo, Whenever duty has called, Americans-and The Utes were very superstitious about the Jr.-a constituent of mine who is also owner Tennesseans in particular-have always re­ canyon, believing that no man could enter it of the San Francisco 49ers-Sportsman of the sponded faithfully. We hold duty, honor, and and return alive. While drafting the bill, I was Year; Joe Montana, Athlete of the Decade; country in highest regard. And rightfully so, very mindful of these superstitions, because Chris Corchiani-North Carolina State--Col­ because these are among the greatest of attempting to sort out the demands of every lege Athlete of the Year; and Tim Colicchio­ basic American values. user group and the needs of the communities Cathedral Prepratory, Erie, PA-High School The impressive performance and decisive in the area has been a difficult task. Athlete of the Year. success of our troops in Operation Desert I believe this bill accomplishes several NIASHF also serves as a national learning Storm clearly show that our military forces are things. First, it redesignates the monument as center by providing interactive educational ex­ ready, willing, and able to respond whenever a national park without expanding the park hibits relating to family unity, sportsmanship, necessary. boundaries. This preserves existing multiple health, drug abuse, and other topics contribut­ I am very proud of the members of our uses within the area that are so important to ing to the development of positive lifestyles Armed Forces-regulars, reservists, and the off-road enthusiasts, hunters and fishers, and among all people. Many prominent sports fig­ National Guard-who responded so ably to local cattlemen who have grazing permits on ures have been rallied not only to serve as the call of duty to the Persian Gulf region. adjacent lands. It also fulfills the demands of role models, but to become involved in the Their success in Operation Desert Storm local business people who have long felt that program as teachers and as coaches. bears witness to their dedication, professional­ only a park could entice new tourists to pass The commitment on which NIASHF was ism, excellent training, and the quality of their by this way. That designation, however, does founded will additionally be served by the Ed­ leadership in the field. not and cannot come without cost. National ward DeBartolo Center, upon its completion. While we cannot adequately express our environmental groups, who will be our strong­ The DeBartolo Center will serve as a facility thanks to the families of those who lost their est allies or our fiercest opponents, will not ac­ complete with all sports programs. Through its lives for the sacrifices they made, I thank God cept a mere label. Nor should they. different facilities, NIASHF and its chapter will for the love and devotion that has been shown With increased use must come increased develop and plan: Tournaments in which all in their selflessness. These patriots put the protection for the canyon's resources. A na­ chapters can participate, clinics in all of the needs of their country above their own needs tional park is a lot like a living museum. It is major fields of athletics to enhance the exper­ or personal convenience. designed to interpret and protect, for all Ameri­ tise of potential sports champions, educational The whole Nation's prayers and thoughts cans and all generations, an area that Con­ seminars in which young people can learn first have continuously been with our brave troops gress has set aside because of its unique and hand from prominent sports figures, and na­ so far away and with their families here at diverse resources. I am particularly excited tional events open to young people throughout home. I thank the One who hears these pray- about the wild and scenic river proposal. The the country. March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5593 Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this oppor­ ices. Given the increasingly globalized nature Within the securities industry, some coun­ tunity to recognize the National Italian-Amer­ of these critical industries, open markets and tries, such as Brazil, have actually pulled back ican Sports Hall of Fame for its dedication and free and fair trade are essential to their contin­ from providing market access and national commitment to the education of young people. ued ability to lead the world in sophistication treatment commitments. The Treasury inves­ NIASHF has built the futures of many up and and innovation. tigation of Brazil's market determined that a coming champions, and I commend all those According to the Commerce Department, significant new denial of national treatment in its service. telecommunications equipment and services­ has been enacted and old ones continue. including related computer services-con­ The Korean financial markets also remain stitutes about 5 percent of America's gross na­ closed to American firms. As stated in the na­ JOB CORPS AMENDMENTS OF 1991 tional product. The U.S. telecommunications tional treatment study: market is the most open and competitive in The [Korean] government's steps toward HON. PAT WIWAMS the world, and its future competitiveness is liberalization have been aimed at allowing OF MONTANA vital to our hopes for American technological Korean financial institutions greater free­ dom to exploit opportunities in the United IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES supremacy in the 21st century. And yet today States. Thursday, March 7, 1991 our country faces a trade deficit in tele­ communications. An August 1990 report by This liberalization has not been directed to­ Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to the Commerce Department indicates that the ward easing domestic barriers to entry to ac­ introduce amendments to the Job Corps Pro­ overall U.S. telecommunications equipment commodate U.S. securities firms. Taiwan is gram which are designed to improve services trade balance has moved from a surplus of similarly defensive when it comes to affording to the many young Americans who participate $1.1 billion in 1978 to a deficit of $1.9 billion United States securities firms equal opportuni­ in Job Corps each year. I introduced this legis­ in 1989. In addition, the Commerce Depart­ ties to establish, operate, and compete. lation-H.R. 2665--in the 101 st Congress and ment reports that the U.S. telecommunications The bottom line is that our trading partners was joined by 106 cosponsors. This bill was services deficit was $2 billion in 1989. are maintaining discriminatory and protection­ incorporated into the Job Training Act Amend­ America's financial services industry faces ist trade policies. We can either sit back idly and allow this to continue, or we can take res­ ments of 1990 which passed the House by a similar problems entering markets abroad. Ac­ olute action to force the world's financial mar­ vote of 416 to 1. cording to data compiled by the Securities and kets to open up to U.S. providers. Legislation These amendments would: First, increase Exchange Commission [SEC], at the end of seeking to accomplish similar objectives was the upper age limit in the program from 22 to 1989 there were approximately 130 broker­ introduced by Senators RIEGLE and GARN dur­ 25; second, clarify the authority to permit con­ dealers operating in the United States in which ing the last Congress and has been reintro­ current or subsequent participation in Job foreign persons or companies had an equity duced this Congress by those Senators. In Corps and JTPA for the benefit of the individ­ interest of 25 percent or more. In addition, ap­ hearings on their legislation, they compiled an ual; third, increase the limitation on proximately 200 foreign investment companies nonresidential participation in Job Corps from extensive record supporting the need to open are registered with the SEC. By contrast, U.S. markets in the financial services arena. The 10 to 20 percent nationally; fourth, provide financial services providers face a wide array child care for children of enrollees; fifth, pro­ Fair Trade in Services Act provides for: of barriers to competition in the major financial A series of reporting requirements to identify vide alcohol and drug abuse counseling; sixth, markets of Europe and Asia. establish limits on administrative changes at countries that have failed to accord national I am introducing the Fair Trade in Services treatment to U.S. securities firms-for exam­ civilian conservation centers; and seventh, es­ Act of 1991 to provide America with stronger tablish uniform treatment of Job Corps con­ ple, broker-dealers and investment advisers; tools to break down foreign barriers to U.S. The initiation of negotiations with any for­ tractors. telecommunications and financial services pro­ My amendments are primarily the result of eign countries identified in the report as hav­ viders. This bill provides the kind of tough reg­ ing failed to accord national treatment in order the research and demonstration findings con­ ulatory sanctions needed to convince our for­ ducted by the Department of Labor. to remove such barriers; and eign trading partners that America is serious Regulatory sanctions imposed by the SEC about opening up foreign telecommunications against foreign securities firms if no agree­ and securities markets. INTRODUCTION OF THE FAIR ment is reached to eliminate foreign barriers to TRADE IN SERVICES ACT OF 1991 FINANCIAL SERVICES national treatment of such firms. In the financial services area, the bill would We must bolster U.S. trade laws to gain na­ HON. EDWARD J. MARKEY establish a fair and transparent process tional treatment for U.S. securities brokers/ dealers and investment advisers. OF MASSACHUSETTS whereby the Department of the Treasury, in TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES AND PRODUCTS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conjunction with the SEC would have the au­ thority to apply a reciprocal national treatment Since the breakup of AT&T in 1984, the Thursday, March 7, 1991 standard to encourage the fair treatment of United States has strived to maintain its $170 Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ U.S. securities brokers/dealers and investment billion telecommunications products and serv­ troducing the Fair Trade in Services Act of advisers. ices industry as one of the most open and fair 1991. The purpose of this legislation is to pro­ The 1990 national treatment study con­ markets for world trade. Unfortunately, while mote national treatment by foreign countries ducted by the Treasury Department provides the United States unilaterally opened its tele­ for U.S. providers of certain financial and com­ numerous examples of why the United States communications market to competition, most munications services. needs to adopt regulatory sanctions to compel foreign telecommunications markets remain President Bush recently stated that "Our our trading partners to accord national treat­ closed. trade policy is to open markets worldwide for ment to U.S. securities firms. Under the Telecommunications Trade Act of U.S. goods and services." While I share the The study notes some improvement with re­ 1988, which the Subcommittee on Tele­ administration's goal, the fact is that we have gard to Canada and some European Commu­ communications and Finance played a key lost valuable time and must run even faster to nity [EC] member states, but it also indicates role in drafting, the U.S. Trade Representative achieve the elusive goal of a more fair global that progress in the newly industrialized coun­ [USTR] is required to identify priority foreign trade system. tries has been modest and in certain Latin countries which deny U.S. telecommunications, The objective of an open worldwide market American nations a disappointment. Despite companies with mutually advantageous market is particularly important to the telecommuni­ intensified negotiating efforts by the Treasury, opportunities. The USTR is then required by cations and finance sectors of the U.S. econ­ Japan's market has remained strictly limited law to negotiate with these countries to elimi­ omy. As chairman of the Subcommittee on for most United States securities firms. For in­ nate these barriers, and a variety of sanctions Telecommunications and Finance, I find my­ stance, while Japan has allowed United States are provided for if no agreement is reached or self increasingly concerned about the open mutual funds to be sold in their market, United if a foreign country violates the terms of a tele­ discrimination and unnecessary trade barriers States brokers are still prohibited from estab­ communications trade agreement. faced by U.S. providers of financial services lishing and therefore selling those funds in the Pursuant to this legislation, the United and telecommunications equipment and serv- $400 billion Japanese market. States has negotiated a telecommunications 5594 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 agreement with Japan and is currently nego­ ensure prompt conclusion and full compliance tries that continue to withhold national tiating with the European Community and with telecommunications trade agreements. treatment from U.S. brokers/dealers after Korea to reduce barriers to telecommuni­ Similarly, the threat of retaliatory sanctions negotiations have failed. If further author­ cations trade. may be necessary to secure agreement from izes the Securities and Exchange Commis­ sion (SEC) to deny any application filed by a The USTR has already indicated that "there the EC and Korea to liberalize their tele­ person of a foreign country which has failed is much work to be done," with regard to the communications market. We are now in the to accord national treatment to U.S. bro­ state of the EC's telecommunications products final year of negotiations with the EC and kers/dealers and to prohibit the acquisition and services market. The Korean tele­ Korea permitted under the Telecommuni­ for which a notice is required by a person of communications market has even farther to go cations Trade Act. Yet, there are still substan­ such foreign country. This prohibition shall before it becomes a level playing field. Both tial areas of disagreement between the United include any direct or indirect effort to ac­ the EC and Korea maintain outstanding trade States and these countries, such as the treat­ quire control of any registered U.S. broker/ barriers in every aspect of telecommuni­ ment of telecommunications in the General dealer, unless the SEC has been given notice cations-government procurement, testing and 60 days in advance of the acquisition and has Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [GATT] gov­ not prohibited the acquisition. certification, leased lines and value-added ernment procurement code and standards National Treatment services, standards, and other areas. code, the GA TI coverage of basic and en­ We need to send these countries-and oth­ This section defines national treatment for hanced telecommunications services, and a U.S. brokers/dealers by a foreign country as ers-the message that the United States does number of important bilateral issues, such as offering them the same competitive opportu­ not intend to allow continued free access to leased lines and value-added services. nities and market access as are available to the U.S. market without obtaining similar na­ CONCLUSION its domestic brokers and dealers. tional treatment commitments on their part. In today's global marketplace, the U.S. tele­ Definitions Title II of the Fair Trade in Services Act of communications and securities industries This section defines: Person of a foreign 1991 would effectively send such a message should be well-positioned to compete effec­ country as a company that is organized to free riders such as the EC and Korea by tively. The Fair Trade in Services Act of 1991 under the laws of that country, has its prin­ potentially denying them the privilege of na­ is intended to assist in the opening of foreign cipal place of business in that country, in tional treatment in the United States tele­ markets by raising the prospect of regulatory the case of an individual, is a citizen of that country or domiciled in that country, or is communications market. sanctions against those countries that con­ The legislation builds upon existing tele­ directly or indirectly controlled by one of tinue to deny national treatment to U.S. tele­ the aforementioned persons. communications trade laws to provide the communications providers and securities firms. Federal Communications Commission [FCC] This section also provides that the Sec­ I strongly urge my colleagues to . support this retary of the Treasury and the SEC shall act with the authority to deny applications filed by important legislation. in a manner consistent with the obligations persons or companies of a foreign country that SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS OF THE FAIR of the United States under a bilateral or has either violated a telecommunications trade TRADE IN SERVICES ACT OF 1991 multilateral agreement governing financial agreement or has been identified as a priority A Bill to provide regulatory incentives to services entered into by the President and foreign country and failed to conclude an promote national treatment by foreign coun­ approved and implemented by the Congress. agreement with the United States to reduce its tries to United States providers of certain fi­ Section 102 telecommunications trade barriers. nancial and communications services, and Sec. 102 adds a new section to the Invest­ In the past, the USTR repeatedly has found for other purposes. ment Advisers Act of 1940 (12 U.S.C. 801>--1 et Japan in violation of key telecommunications Section 1 seq.) which is intended to encourage foreign trade agreements. On April 28, 1989, for ex­ Section 1 sets forth the short title of the countries to accord national treatment to ample, the USTR cited Japan for not comply­ Bill, the "Fair Trade in Services Act of U.S. investment advisers that operate or 1991." seek to operate in those countries, and ing with the market oriented sector selective thereby end discrimination against U.S. in­ [MOSS] telecommunications agreement in the TITLE I-FINANCIAL SERVICES vestment advisers. areas of cellular telephones and third-party Section 101 National Treatment radio. As a result of Japan's discrimination, Sec. 101 adds a new section to the Securi­ This section provides that the Secretary of the American firm of Motorola experienced a ties Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et the Treasury shall: significant. loss of competitive market advan­ seq.) which is intended to encourage foreign Submit a report to Congress (not later tage and incurred significant opportunity costs. countries to accord national treatment to than December 1, 1992, and thereafter on a In March 1990, the USTR undertook nego­ U.S. brokers/dealers that operate or seek to biennial basis) identifying any country that operate in those countries, and thereby end tiations with Japan to implement an agreed does not accord national treatment to U.S. discrimination against U.S. brokers/dealers. investment advisers; upon commitment to liberalize network chan­ National Treatment nel terminal equipment [NCTE] and inter­ Determine and publish notice in the Fed­ This section provides that the Secretary of eral Register that a foreign country does not national value-added network services the Treasury shall: accord national treatment to U.S. invest­ [IVANS]. The Japanese had devised an exclu­ Submit a report to Congress (not later ment advisers; sive bid process for NCTE which blocked Unit­ than December 1, 1992, and thereafter on a Initiate negotiations with any foreign ed States providers from a $750 million mar­ biennial basis) identifying any country that country identified either in the biennial re­ ket. In IVANS, AT&T was withheld from the does not accord national treatment to U.S. port or in any published determination that Japanese market for 18 months due to a brokers/dealers; a foreign country has failed to accord na­ lengthy and discriminatory application process Determine and publish notice in the Fed­ tional treatment to U.S. investment advis­ in Japan's telecommunications business law. eral Register that a foreign country does not ers, and; accord national treatment to U.S. broker Allows the requirement for negotiations In both cases, the time it took to eliminate dealers; with a foreign country to be waived in the these trade barriers reduced the competitive Initiate negotiations with any foreign event that the Secretary determines that advantage held by United States companies­ country identified either in the biennial re­ such negotiations would be fruitless or would allowing Japanese competitors time to catch port or in any published determination that impair national economic interests and if up. In the dynamic world of telecommuni­ a foreign country has failed to accord na­ the Secretary gives written notice of the de­ cations, time is of the essence to maintain tional treatment to U.S. brokers/dealers, cision not to negotiate to the Congress. competitive advantage. I remain deeply trou­ and; Sanctions bled that the Japanese have continued to Allows .the requirement for negotiations This section directs the Secretary of the with a foreign country to be waived in the Treasury to publish notice of foreign coun­ demonstrate a lax attitude toward compliance event that the Secretary determines that with trade agreements as strategy to buy time tries that continue to withhold national such negotiations would be fruitless or would treatment from U.S. investment advisers for their domestic industry. Title II of the Fair impair national economic interests and if Trade in Services Act of 1991 would provide after negotiations have failed. It further au­ the Secretary gives written notice of the de­ thorizes the SEC to deny any application the authority to the FCC to undertake regu­ cision not to negotiate to the Congress. filed by a person of a foreign country which latory sanctions against violators of tele­ Sanctions has failed to accord national treatment to communications trade agreements in the fu­ This section directs the Secretary of the U.S. investment advisers and to prohibit the ture, an action I believe may be necessary to Treasury to publish notice of foreign coun- acquisition for which a notice is required by March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5595 a person of such foreign country. This prohi­ other application, request for authorization, Then there are those companies who have bition shall include any direct or indirect ef­ notice, tariff, or other document required to embarked on expensive advertising cam­ fort to acquire control of any registered U.S. be filed for approval by the FCC under the paigns to demonstrate their support for the investment adviser unless the SEC has been Communications Act of 1934 or may deny allied forces, but refuse to make any mone­ given notice 60 days in advance of the acqui­ any equipment subject to type acceptance or tary concessions to their own employees en­ sition and has not prohibited the acquisition. type approval, any certification or other doc­ trenched in the sands of Saudi Arabia. National Treatment ument required to be submitted to the FCC. Waving the flag is easy. Making a sacrifice This section defines national treatment for Additional criteria for denial to be supplied. is something else. U.S. investment advisers by a foreign coun­ Review Business should not be expected to bear all try as offering them the same competitive This section provides that the USTR may, the sacrifice, however. Government also opportunities and market access as are at any time, and shall, annually, review any should be playing a greater role. available to its domestic investment advis­ country identified in the Federal Register to And who is government? It is the people. ers. determine whether that country has rem­ That means we the people must bear the ex­ Definitions edied the offensive act, practice, policy or pense of this and any other armed conflict. violation of a telecommunications trade Remember Vietnam and the horror stories This section defines: Person of a foreign of how soldiers were treated by their govern­ country as a company that is organized agreement which does not accord U.S. tele­ communications equipment or service pro­ ment and fellow citizens upon their return? under the laws of that country, has its prin­ We all swear it won't happen again, but it cipal place of business in that country, in vider national treatment. Definitions can. the case of an individual, is a citizen of that So far, we have been reassured that there country or domiciled in that country, or is This section defines: Person of a foreign is no need to raise taxes to pay for our Per­ directly or indirectly controlled by one of country as a company that is organized sian Gulf expenses. But what about when the the aforementioned persons. under the laws of that country, has its prin­ soldiers return home? This section also provides that the Sec­ cipal place of business in that country, in There will be parades in their honor, but retary of the Treasury and the SEC shall act the case of an individual, is a citizen of that what will happen when the cheering stops? in a manner consistent with the obligations country or domiciled in that country, or is Will those of us who claim our undying of the United States under a bilateral or directly or indirectly controlled by one of support for our military forces be willing multilateral agreement governing financial the aforementioned persons. then to pay the cost of the intense medical services entered into by the President and and/or psychological care some will need? approved and implemented by the Congress. What will we say when we hear that there Section 103. Financial Interdependence Study SUPPORTING RESERVISTS WHEN isn't enough money in the budget to fund job This section provides for the SEC, in con­ THEY RETURN training or educational programs for those sultation and coordination with the Sec­ soldiers whose battle wounds preclude them retary of the Treasury, and any other appro­ HON. ROMANO L MAllOU from returning to their previous jobs? priate Federal agency or department to be OF KENTUCKY Will we be waving flags then or will we designated by the SEC, to conduct an inves­ step up and prove that we, too, are willing to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tigation to determine the extent of the inter­ pay the price of freedom? dependence of the securities industry andre­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 lated financial services sector of the United Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I commend to States and foreign countries, and the eco­ nomic, strategic, and other consequences of the attention of my colleagues the following EXPOSE SWEETHEART TAX DEALS that interdependence for the United States. editorial from the February 11 , 1991 , Business This report shall be transmitted to the First, a business journal serving the Greater President, the Congress, the Secretary of the Louisville area. HON. CURT WELDON Treasury, and any other appropriate Federal The editorial stresses the importance of agency or department within 2 years. supporting our troops when they return home, OF PENNSYLVANIA TITLE II-TELECOMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS AND both in their communities and in their work­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SERVICES places. Section 201 YELLOW RIBBONS DON'T PAY RESERVISTS' Thursday, March 7, 1991 Sec. 201 adds a new section to the Commu­ BILLS Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, I wonder how nications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 151 et seq.) Unlike during the Vietnam War, the Amer­ which is intended to encourage foreign coun­ many of my colleagues can tell me how much ican public has rallied around our troops the following 73 words from the 1986 Tax Re­ tries to accord national treatment to United serving in the Persian Gulf. But flag waving, States providers of telecommunications rallies and yellow ribbons are meaningless if form Act cost American taxpayers. products and services that operate or seek to we don't give our service people the kind of (5) SPECIAL RULES FOR PROPERTY INCLUDED operate in those countries, and thereby end tangible support they need. IN MASTER PLANS OF INTEGRATED discrimination against United States provid­ A case in point is the various ways busi­ PROJECTS.-The amendments made by sec­ ers of telecommunications products and nesses are paying (or not paying) their em­ tion 201 shall not apply to any property services. ployees who have been activated to serve in placed in service pursuant to a master plan Notice the war. Some pay nothing; others com­ which is clearly identifiable as of March 1, If after the USTR has complied with the pensate employees for a limited period of 1986, for any projects described in any of the appropriate measures as directed under the time. Very few companies will pay workers following subparagraphs. telecommunications title of the Omnibus for the entire time they are at war. (i) such project involves a port terminal Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, the Americans putting their life on the line for and oil pipeline extending generally from the USTR shall publish in the Federal Register a their country should not have to worry area of Los Angeles, California to the area of notice identifying countries that have failed about how they or their families are going to Midland, Texas. to reach a telecommunications trade agree­ pay their bills. Likewise, family members The answer, Mr. Speaker, is $500 million or ment with the United States or have vio­ back in the states have enough to worry approximately $6.8 million per word. This lan­ lated an existing U.S. telecommunications about without also contending with a loss of guage provided a lucrative tax break to the income as a result of their loved ones being trade agreement. Pacific & Texas Pipeline & Transportation Co. Actions by Commission called to active duty. Many companies argue they can't afford to President Cecil R. Owens owns 46 percent of This section authorizes the Federal Com­ supplement their employees' military pay. the company's stock. Unfortunately, such munications Commission (FCC) to deny any But some farsighted and compassionate em­ carefully crafted tax breaks are all too com­ application filed by a person of a foreign ployers, like General Electric Co., have rec­ mon in tax legislation which we pass. country which has been published in the Fed­ ognized the hardships their employees' fami­ Today, with broad bipartisan support, I am eral Register by the USTR. Unless the FCC lies must endure and have taken steps to in consultation with the USTR has deter­ reintroducing the Targeted Tax Relief Disclo­ ease the burden by supplementing military sure Act of 1991. This legislation is intended mined the denial of applications is contrary salaries. to public interest. Even some small business owners-without to provide some fairness to the American tax­ Applications Subject to Evaluation the vast financial reserves of giant corpora­ payers by requiring the sponsor, beneficiary, This section establishes that the FCC may tions-are bearing such expenses at a time and cost of each such narrow provision to be with regard to services deny any license or when the economy is not at its best. publicly disclosed. 5596 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 A TRIBUTE TO THE RIGHT REV- who he is, is what marks a great people. And WHEN MOTHERS CHOOSE TO EREND MONSIGNOR OSCAR it was from him and the leaders like him that REMAIN IN THE MILITARY CALVO the people learned and held firmly in their souls, that the common thread that links the HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. HON. BEN GARRIDO BLAZ businessman in his imported car today to his OF INDIANA OF GUAM grandfather tilling a field behind a carabao is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their unique heritage. Thursday, March 7, 1991 Thursday, March 7, 1991 Mr. Speaker, I commend Monsignor Calvo Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, as usual, Joan Mr. BLAZ. Mr. Speaker, April 5, 1991, not only to our own people but to people ev­ erywhere, for it is from him and men and Beck of the Chicago Tribune has written wis­ marks the 5oth anniversary of the ministry to dom. the people of Guam by the Right Reverend women like him that we can all learn that the worth of our lives is not in what we bank but WHEN MOTHERS CHOOSE To REMAIN IN THE Monsignor Oscar Calvo. He is a most remark­ MILITARY in what we give away. able individual. On this date in 1941 , Mon­ (By Joan Beck) signor Calvo was ordained to the priesthood at In the tradition of our people, Monsignor CHICAGO.-The issue-thank God-should the Dulce Nombre de Maria Cathedral in Calvo, I kiss your hand in mangnigni for a half soon lose its heartbreaking immediacy. Agana, GU. He did not know it at the time, but century of service to God, to our country, and But while the pictures of mothers handing Monsignor Calvo's years of service to his peo­ to our beloved people of Guam. their babies and small children over to oth­ ple would coincide with the most important era ers while they go off to war are still seared in the recent history of the territory-its devel­ into our minds, the nation needs to rethink opment into a modern, multiethnic society. the policies that have led to such family dis­ As we know, any period of vast change is FREEDOM'S CALL tress. a time of great strain and anxiety for the peo­ The issues don't sort out easily. And no completely fair solution may be possible. ple who must live through it. It is in these HON. HAMILTON ASH, JR. What is absolutely clear is that babies and times that people are most in need of spiritual young children need to be with their moth­ support and guidance to keep their ideals in­ OF NEW YORK ers-and, as much as possible, their fathers­ tact, their courses true. without long periods of separation. The rea­ Monsignor Calvo was there for his people. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sons are written deep in human biology and He was there for them in time of war. Scant Thursday, March 7, 1991 confirmed in human experience for eons. No months after pledging his life to God through child care experts, no educators, no psy­ service to His people, Monsignor Calvo saw Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, in the past 7 chologists argue to the contrary. But this biological imperative-which is those people pinned under the heel of a fero­ months, millions of Americans have expressed their appreciation and support to our brave mirrored in mothers' need for closeness with cious enemy. Murdered, raped, imprisoned in their babies and young children~ollides concentration camps, forced to labor for the young service members in the Persian Gulf. with the innate right of women to partici­ enemy, a lesser people might have been bro­ And now that Kuwait has been liberated, our pate freely and equally in all aspects of adult ken, but the people of Guam were not, and gratitude is strong as ever. life, to be, in the words of Army hype, all they were not because they held the sources Recently, I received an example of this ap­ that they can be. of the inner strength-their faith in their God preciation in the form of a poem from one of There is no doubt women have earned the and in their country-inviolate. It was men like my constituents, Gerald M. Delaney of right to serve in the armed forces. They can hold their own in the vigorous programs of Monsignor Calvo who helped them maintain Wappingers Falls, NY. The poem, entitled the military academies. They are acquitting their strength and their faith. He buried the "Freedom's Call" salutes America's soldiers of themselves well in the Persian Gulf. Despite dead. He ministered to those broken in body. previous wars as well as those in the Persian still-existing rules about not engaging in And he buoyed the souls of those who might Gulf. I am pleased to share it with my col­ combat, service women have come hair­ despair. leagues. splittingly close to actual fighting and done With the coming of peace, Guam found it­ it honorably and creditably. self forever changed. As much as some would FREEDOM'S CALL Gender shouldn't bar women who can qual­ have liked, the territory could not return to its ify from the service academies, with their (By Jerry Delaney) high-quality, free education and career pros­ tranquil past. In hallowed ground in Arlington, pects. Nor should it make women ineligible The farmers and fishermen who labored so lie the spirits of brave men. to volunteer for the armed forces, the re­ unrelentingly for their families during the war, Called upon to keep us free, serves and the National Guard, with their now found themselves toiling in new areas, they fought on to the end. opportunities for training and benefits. becoming the businessmen, political leaders, These men, unknown, but loved by all How can this country balance these rights and entrepreneurs who would rebuild Guam. for a job they did, so well. with the innate need of mothers and young Again, there was much change. Peace did They gave their lives to keep us free, children not to be separated by war and half not necessarily bring tranquility. a world of time zones-and do it in a way and for freedom, went through hell. that's fair to men as well? But again, Monsignor Calvo was there for Now our Country, calls again, Several members of Congress have intro­ his people. to protect the rights of all. duced bills to prevent the enforced separa­ The simple faith that abounded before and And with the spirits of these men, tion of mothers from their young children during the war was challenged now by the we will answer freedom's call. for combat-zone service. At least one meas­ complexities of modern life. Guam's people It matters not, where you come from, ure also would exempt single fathers or one began to take control of their political and eco­ or if you're a woman, or a man. of a military couple from wartime duty over­ nomic destinies. In such circumstances, it You fight on again, for freedom's sake, seas. would have been easy for the old values to and united you all stand. But it's not certain whether Congress will take any action soon, buck the issue over to have been lost, for the people to have ern­ The United Nations sends out a call, the Pentagon or hope it will fade away with braced everything that seemed new simply for to bring aggression to its knees. the end of the war. Nor is there any consen­ its novelty while forsaking the values that had And restore the right of all mankind, sus among legislators as to what a compas­ maintained them for centuries. to enjoy peace, and liberty. sionate, workable policy should be. But the spiritual leaders, like Monsignor As the battle rages day by day, It isn't fair for women to sign up for mili­ Calvo, preserved the best of the past. Mon­ again in foreign lands. tary training and service and then use moth­ signor Calvo taught through word and deed We face a foe, that would take away, erhood to opt out when they are about to be that wealth of spirit is a worthier goal than the rights of every man. sent into harm's way. The possibility of war, after all, is the purpose of the training for easy material gains. He showed that political This Country like, its people stands, which they are being paid. maturity is only possible when it is directed to­ for freedom, peace and love. But mothers should have the option of ward the good of all the people. And he taught Our cause is just! and we will win! bailing out of their commitment at some that love of one's fellow man, regardless of with the help, from God above. specific time before orders come for combat March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5597 or overseas duty. Two such windows should U.S.S.R. because of the oppressive anti-Semi­ States a nation. It is the shield of democracy be provided-when a woman first learns she tism of the Soviet regime. He left his job in under which Americans governed themselves is pregnant and at the conclusion of mater­ 1978 in preparation for their eventual applica­ as free people. Today, we respect the Con­ nity leave, when she has a better under­ tion to emigrate to the United States. For 10 stitution and our great country-America.­ standing of the emotions and responsibilities JEFF BRIMMER. years they were unable to apply for a visa due motherhood involves. INDIVIDUAL STUDENT REMARKS Mothers who choose to remain in the serv­ to their parents refusal to sign the financial waiver. In 1988, the Pisarevsky family applied A.J. Palumbo (4th grade): I am proud to be ice should be required to put on file their an American because we have a Constitution plans for child care in case they are suddenly for the visa, but was rejected on the 25th of that says that we have free speech. sent overseas-after they have had counsel­ January of that year based on the fact that he Matthew Crofut (4th grade): I am proud to ing about the effects of such a separation on had had a secret job 11 years before. This re­ be an American. We are a great country be­ them and on their vulnerable offsprings. fusal was also extended to his wife and son. cause we are led by God. The same choice to opt out should also be Since then, he has applied again to the Gen­ Charles Willetts (3rd grade): I am glad to available to single fathers-at the time they be free because I'm an American and I hope first assume the sole responsibility. eral Machine-Building Ministry and to the Commission on the Questions of Citizenship our men do well in the war. Mothers and single fathers who don't use Jeff Brimmer (4th grade): I'm proud to be these windows of choice to leave the armed of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. On the an American because I have the right to forces should be held to their original enlist­ 11th of April he was refused once again. choose my religion, school and church. ments, children or not. Evgeny is presently working as a manager Roy Deaton (3rd grade): The thing I love The flaws in these proposals are big and in a domestic tourist agency, waiting for the most about being an American is that you obvious. day when he will be permitted to leave. His can pick if you want to be in the Armed Some mothers and single fathers will gam­ wife has become an active member in the Forces. I want to be in the Air Force so I can ble that the United States won't get involved Jewish Women Against Refusal Group that take care of America. in a shooting war for years to come and not Daniel Petty (3rd grade): The thing I love take a discharge for reasons of children. In has been relentless in its efforts to free Soviet the most about being an American is our the event of another war, their tearful fare­ Jews. freedom and the way the National Anthem wells to their fearful youngsters will make it Although the Soviet Union is a signatory to makes me feel. obvious this proposal isn't enough. the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Tray Hurn (2nd grade): The thing I love Another objection is that allowing women which states, "Everyone has the right to leave most about being an American is the free­ to opt out because of motherhood would let any country, including his own, and to return dom to go wherever I want to go and to just them unfairly chuck an obligation to duty to his own country," they have paid no heed be me. they undertook as equals to men-inviting Lee Herman (2nd grade): The thing I love all the old assumptions about women used to this document. most about being an American is how beau­ for millennia to keep them in their unequal Secret jobs require a 1Q-year waiting period tiful our country is. place. An opt-out for single fathers might before consideration for emigration. This time Willie May Collier (4th grade): I am proud even encourage divorce or a de jure-only period has expired, but Evgeny still remains a to be an American because I am free to help split for men who wanted to wiggle out of prisoner in his own land. Mr. Speaker, I wish others. combat. to express my feelings of solidarity with the Hector Jimenez (5th grade): I am proud to But these proposals do give babies and Pisarevskys and ask that my colleagues join be an American because I can go to school young children of service personnel more and learn. protection from damaging separation me in urging the Soviet Union to allow free Destin Stark (3rd grade): The thing I love stresses and temporary--or permanent-­ emigration for all those citizens they continue about being an American is our President. orphaning than they have now. They make it to hold captive. He really loves us and I know I'm safe here. clear that the decisions involved must be Tim Wilson (2nd grade): The thing I love those of individual women and single fa­ most about being an American is the Amer­ thers-not blanket rules by the Pentagon or PROUD OF SHENANDOAH ELEMEN- ican people because they are so nice to each Congress. TARY SCHOOL IN CENTRAL other. And such rules would not keep women who FLORIDA Delorise Hogan (5th grade): I am proud to want a service stint or a service career from be in America because I am free to dance and having it because of well-intended regula­ sing. tions intended to protect children they may HON. JIM BACCHUS Chris Bidwell (1st grade): The thing I love never have. OF FLORIDA most about being an American is that I can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES run and play with all kind of kids. Brian Davis (5th grade): I am proud to be CONCERN FOR SOVIET REFUSE­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 an American because I am allowed to go to NIK EVGENY PISAREVSKY Mr. BACCHUS. Mr. Speaker, like all Ameri­ my own school. cans, I am very proud of our courageous Glenn Brimmer (5th grade): In my country, troops and deeply grateful that the war was we have freedom and liberty and I am proud HON. DICK SWElT to be an American. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE waged successfully, quickly, and with few Ronnie George (1st grade): The thing I love IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American casualties. Now that we have won most about being an American is the Army. Thursday, March 7, 1991 the war, we must endeavor to win the peace. I like the Army. They keep me out of war. That includes bringing our troops home quickly Brian Sherron (3rd grade): The thing I love Mr. SWEIT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to and treating them with the respect and dignity most about being an American is the Pledge draw attention to the case of Evgeny they deserve. of Allegiance and having choices. Pisarevsky, a Jew who has been denied per­ I commend the students at the Shenandoah Robert Burgos (2nd grade): The thing I love mission to leave the Soviet Union. On March Elementary School in central Florida, who most about being an American is having all kinds of people in one country-even Span­ 8, Mr. Pisarevsky is staging a special protest have already shown great pride in our country to call attention to the Soviet Government's re­ ish, like me. and in our soldiers through their class presen­ Rick Hawkins (4th grade): I am proud to be fusal to allow him the freedom to leave the tation. Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleasure an American because I am able to travel to Soviet Union. He has been denied permission to call the attention of the House to the follow­ many places. to leave on the basis of the "Poor Relative" ing remarks made by these bright students. Jennifer Johnson (4th grade): I am proud article, which prohibits persons from leaving SHENANDOAH ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRIDE IN to be an American because I am free to be­ the country without a financial waiver from OUR COUNTRY PARADE, FEBRUARY 15, 1991 come whatever I want to be. their parents and, in applicable cases, from LeAnne Ramsdell (3rd grade): The thing I Transcript of presentation by the classes of love most about being an American is that I any former spouse of those seeking to emi­ Mrs. Kathyrn Anderson and Mrs. Sylvia Ellis grate with children. Many times the relatives am treated equally to everyone else. (grades 1-5). Eric Hester (1st grade): The thing I love who need to give permission are intimidated INTRODUCTION most about being an American is our and threatened, thus discouraging them from During the summer of 1787, 55 delegates schools. Being an American makes me proud. signing the necessary papers. met at Philadelphia and wrote a remarkable Tammy Graham (4th grade): I am proud to Mr. Pisarevsky's case began in 1978, when plan of government, our United States Con­ be an American. We have good men fighting he and his family decided to leave the stitution. The Constitution made the United for us. 5598 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 Nicholas Prather (5th grade): Living in my more complete and polished legislation than Starer-Gillett television stations owe a debt of country means we have the right to read, was H.R. 5968 in the last Congress. My col­ gratitude to Paul Moulton. From early in the write, draw, say and go anywhere. This leagues and I have received literally hundreds morning to late at night, he made it possible means freedom to me. of comments from all over the country. We Angela Weekly (3rd grade): The thing I to communicate with our constituents. We will love most about being an American is that I have incorporated a number of improvements miss Paul and his skillful camera. have freedom and rights. in this legislation as a result of those com­ Mr. Speaker, I hope my colleagues will join Closing: To all men and women fighting in ments and would look forward continuing input me in wishing Paul the best of luck upon his the Middle East, you are heroes-you are the as the legislation progresses. While I do not retirement, and in the future. Wind Beneath Our Wings. entirely endorse all aspects of the legislation that my colleagues and I are putting forward today, I hope it will facilitate a dialog that will NEW YORK TIMES LAMENTS INTRODUCTION OF THE COM- allow us to move forward early in this Con­ FAILURE ON PUERTO RICO VOTE PREHENSIVE WETLANDS CON­ gress to address this critical problem. SERVATION AND MANAGEMENT HON. JAIME B. flJSTER ACT OF 1991 OF PUERTO RICO A SPECIAL SALUTE TO PAUL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. DON YOUNG MOULTON Thursday, March 7, 1991 OF ALASKA HON. LOUIS STOKFS Mr. FUSTER. Mr. Speaker, after 26 months IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of hard work by the three major political par­ OF OHIO ties in Puerto Rico and by several committees Thursday, March 7, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the House and the Senate, it appears that Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, I rise Thursday, March 7, 1991 the process to bring about a congressionally today to join my colleagues Mr. HAYES, Mr. Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to sanctioned political status plebiscite in Puerto RIDGE, Mr. TAUZIN, and Mr. ANTHONY in the in­ rise today and salute Mr. Paul Moulton, who is Rico has come to a halt. This is unfortunate troduction of the Comprehensive Wetlands retiring after 16 years of service with Storer and lamentable, because expectations among Conservation and Management Act of 1991. Communications and the Gillett News Bureau. the people of Puerto Rico had been high to We are introducing this legislation to provide a His outstanding efforts and dedication has exercise their right to self-determination. framework for resolution of the complex issues been a valuable asset for Members of this As such, Mr. Speaker, I want to share with related to wetlands conservation and manage­ body, our constituents, and the Nation. I am my colleagues some wise words on this sub­ ment. While there are aspects of this legisla­ pleased to share with my colleagues a brief ject which appeared as an editorial in today's tion that I am not entirely comfortable with, it highlight of Paul's career. edition of the New York Times. is a compromise that may resolve the enor­ Since the 95th Congress, Paul Moulton has [From the New York Times, Mar. 7, 1991) mous failings of the section 404 program in been the chief cameraman for Starer-Gillett A REPUBLICAN BLOW AT PuERTO RICO the last several years. covering countless committee hearings and A preoccupied President Bush can be ex­ This legislation is a complete overhaul of press conferences of the Hill. As a veteran cused for ignoring the Senate's failure to the 404 program. It starts by expanding the cameraman, Paul has covered such heed a request for self-determination by the activities that require permits, while protecting monumentous events as the inaugurations of people of Puerto Rico. It is harder to forgive traditional exemptions such as farming, ranch­ Presidents Carter, Reagan, and Bush. Republican members of the Senate Energy Committee whose obstinacy may well deny ing, and silviculture. It also recognizes that all Through his expertise, viewers have learned islanders an opportunity to vote this year on wetlands are not of equal value and should of the events surrounding both the Democrat whether to seek statehood, continued com­ not be treated the same. It divides wetlands and Republican Conventions of 1980, 1984, monwealth status or independence. into three classifications, with varying require­ and 1988. Seven Republicans joined with three ments based on the habitat, water quality From the Department of Agriculture to the Democrats last week to shelve legislation characteristics, and flood control qualities of Department of Veterans Affairs, Paul has been whose purposes have long been championed each wetland. This will overcome a significant there camera in tow to present the real pic­ in Republican platforms and especially by shortcoming in the existing program by allow­ ture. Dozen of mayors and Governors have Mr. Bush. The obvious explanation is crassly politi­ ing greater protections for those high value been in front of his lens during visits to Wash­ cal: many Republicans fear a Puerto Rican wetlands while still allowing for economic ington. From games at Robert F. Kennedy state would vote overwhelmingly for Demo­ growth in this Nation. Stadium to ethnic festivals on the Mall, to sol­ crats. But some members of both parties This legislation also recognizes that any emn ceremonies at Arlington National Ceme­ sounded an uglier note, questioning whether wetlands program must respect the rights of tery. there is little he has missed. a Hispanic people would "blend in" if they private property owners. Since a large majority In addition to these outstanding achieve­ became full citizens in a new state. This of the wetlands in the United States are pri­ ments, Mr. Moulton was a pioneer in utilizing meanly slighted more than 15,000 Puerto vately owned, or have significant private prop­ daily satellite feeds from Washington and he Ricans who fought in Desert Storm. To the hurt of insult is added the injury of erty rights associated with them, it is important was among the first cameramen to make the cynicism. Opponents of the Senate bill say to recognize that if we protect a valuable wet­ transition from film to videotape. that Puerto Ricans can hold their own ref­ land because the national interest is further, Prior to his work in commercial television, erendum, as long as Congress is free to ig­ the Nation must be prepared to compensate Paul Moulton had a most distinguished military nore the results. A House bill passed in the the owner for the taking of private property in­ career. He served his country in both the Ko­ last session, for example, would authorize a terests. rean and Vietnam conflicts. As an army pho­ purely advisory plebiscite giving Puerto The program also allows for States to set up tographer, Paul Moulton traveled the world Ricans a choice between options whose statewide mitigation banking programs which documenting historic military events, including meaning would later be defined by Congress. Senator J. Bennett Johnston of Louisiana will allow for improvement in overall wetlands the Korean truce signing and the TET offen­ has labored diligently on a bill that would values. This mitigation banking program allows sive in Vietnam. The Defense Department ar­ assure a meaningful vote. Doing so would credit be given for Federal land in protective chives are replete with Mr. Moulton's still pic­ honor a commitment to self-determination status, if the State has less than 10 percent of tures and films of military events from 1947 to made to the United Nations by every Presi­ the State's wetland resources. The bill also al­ 1970. dent since Harry Truman. lows the States to take over management of Mr. Speaker, I have enjoyed a close friend­ Ignoring that pledge is the surest way of the permitting process and to develop their ship with Paul over the years. His warm smile arousing latent nationalism among resentful own wetlands enhancement programs. and friendly personality have won him count­ islanders. In a warning signal, Puerto Rico's Senate voted Monday to make Spanish the Mr. Speaker, this is far from a perfect bill, it less friends. He is an outstanding gentleman, island's sole official language, a largely sym­ will have to go through some significant a talented cameraman, and a hard-working bolic portent. By giving Puerto Rico back­ changes as it moves through the committee and dedicated individual. Those of us who burner treatment, Congress risks a process. However, this legislation is a much represent districts and States served by the frontburner mess. March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5599 THE CHALLENGES AHEAD energy sources (oil, coal, natural gas); wood face the real possibility of wars and global and wood by-products (lumber, paper); and unrest. HON. BERNARD J. DWYER hydrocarbon feedstocks (used to make plas­ The message is unmistakable. We all will tics). have to do our part to help avoid these dire OF NEW JERSEY Both the Soviet Union and the U.S. have predictions. In the long run, we must find IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES challenged each other throughout the world and develop non-polluting sources of limit­ Thursday, March 7,1991 in a power struggle based primarily on ideol­ less energy that can enable us to defeat ogy. In so doing, they have expended many of waste by recycling. Conservation of scarce Mr. DWYER of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I these irreplaceable minerals on battleships, would like to share an article written by Dr. materials is a necessity for mankind to sur­ submarines, aircraft, guns, and munitions­ vive in the 21st century. Charles Covino, chairman and CEO of Gen­ products that do not contribute any real The corporate world can and must play a eral Magnaplate Corp., of Linden, NJ. The arti­ benefit to mankind. Billions of dollars have vital role in handling the consequences of been spent that should have created housing, cle, which appeared in USA Today in January, global materialism. International organiza­ follows: clothing, transportation infrastructure, or a cure for cancer. Vital, irreplaceable mate­ tions such as Exxon. Shell, Mitsubishi, Ford, THE CHALLENGES AHEAD rials and foodstuffs are wasted through over­ General Motors, Phillips, and Sony are form­ (By Charles P. Covino) farming and poor soil conservation. Mean­ ing new joint ventures. Through the com­ As we witness the sudden decline of com­ while, we have not learned how to deal with bined research efforts of these large-scale munism, several questions arise. Have we mounting accumulations of garbage and global companies, new components will have oversold and exported capitalism too fast? toxic waste. to be generated in order to help stabilize the Are we entering a period of political and eco­ Now is the time for the capitalists and supply and demand for strategic materials in nomic freedom that will benefit all mankind, communists to assess the real damage they the new capitalistic consumer nations. or will we see the Earth's dwindling supply have done. They have shortened the time­ This is a mission we can not afford to ig­ of mineral resources consumed at a cata­ table for a series of new, and probably irre­ nore, for, in the rush to improve their life­ strophic rate as materialism becomes the versible, global problems, including deple­ styles, people of the emerging nations will goal of the people who once embraced com­ tion of mineral and metal sources; over­ demand the luxuries we enjoy, no matter the munism? farming for food production; soil erosion and cost to the planet's resources. We can not The post-World War IT years have been loss of timber and oxygen-producing forest; blame them, since we are responsible for ex­ filled with global social and economic over-fishing the oceans and rivers; and a porting the freedom and capitalism that change. The doctrines of opposing ideologies complete disregard for the environmental have made these luxuries possible. have been promoted to or forced upon small­ and social implications this rapid techno­ er, more vulnerable countries. We in the U.S. logical growth has induced. attempted to spread our democratic beliefs and pursue our economic goals. Meanwhile, MATERIALISTIC DEMOCRACY the communists did everything imaginable The world rapidly is reshaping into a new A TRIBUTE TO SGT. ALAN CRAVER to impose their ideology on those same na­ form of society that can be termed "mate­ tions. rialistic democracy." Spurred on by the At the same time, a profound communica­ choice of high-tech lifestyles, the people HON. RICK SANTORUM tions revolution overtook the world, spurred will, for a period of time, have the freedom on by the NASA space programs. With the to reshape their governing ideologies. Each OF PENNSYLVANIA launching and successful deployment of new newly formed political structure gradually IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . telecommunications satellites, global com­ will transform into a system that conforms munications became a reality. Television to local needs and demands. Thursday, March 7, 1991 signals from the West, relayed via satellites, The end result, though, is clear and inevi­ now are received in the Eastern Bloc and table. While we finally have exported cap­ Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay China. Where radio signals once had been italistic freedom and convinced the world respect to the life of Sgt. Alan Craver, of Penn jammed, people are being exposed, that we enjoy the best form of political Hills, PA. Sergeant Craver was among the unhindered, to the ways of life in the West. structure, the real price to be paid will be members of the 14th Quartermaster Detach­ New communications technologies have the depletion of material resources. In addi­ ment killed by the tragic Iraqi Scud missile at­ done what all the Cold War efforts could tion, burdensome monetary needs will arise tack on Saudi Arabia last week. not-turned Eastern Europe away from com­ as the newly formed capitalistic nations munism. Politically, these nations have start to produce more consumer products An avid outdoorsman known to many of his opted for democracy. However, it appears and food. The shift from socialism to· mate­ friends as Mer-a shortened version of that fa­ that it is not capitalism per se that has at­ rialistic democracy will take time, money, mous outdoorsman Elmer Fudd-Sergeant tracted them. Rather, they have seen the and a major effort to solve the problems Craver was also a well-liked reliable service­ things that capitalism makes possible-ma­ brought about by this new society. man who thrived on competiton, aimed for ex­ terial goods. They want the cars, bicycles, There is much to do. For example, the cellence, and loved his work. As a chemical stylish clothes, food varieties, and all the Earth has only so much chromium for use in consumer goods they view on television. hardening iron and steel, and our major re­ operations specialist, Sergeant Craver carried They, too, wish to participate in the Western sources are in South Africa and the Soviet one of the most essential and high pressure world's "supermarkets syndrome," where Union. Another important basic metal used assignments in this conflict, since his respon­ they can purchase endless quantities of ev­ in hardening steel is cobalt, the major re­ sibilities included preparing his unit for the erything. sources of which are in Africa, Canada, and threat of a chemical weapons attack. Technology suddenly has catapulted al­ the Soviet Union. Tantalum, manganese, va­ most the entire world into the 21st century! nadium, and many other rare earths are not Sergeant Craver served with the same dili­ Seeing is believing. This is what less privi­ found anywhere on the globe in large depos­ gence and professionalism in his civilian du­ leged, subjugated peoples are experiencing. its. ties, which most recently entailed safety su­ Events and luxuries they previously only had Mankind has a limited supply of all forms pervision at one of the Pittsburgh area's most heard about are happening before their eyes. of minerals as well as arable soil. The important building projects, the construction of Seeing also is desiring. The result is a new Earth's crust is not capable of creating a new terminal at Greater Pittsburgh Inter­ "global materialism" that has been a major more. If we waste and deplete these vital contributor to the collapse of the Eastern metals, minerals, and soils, how will our national Airport. Bloc. children be able to enjoy the luxurious life­ A charter member of his unit since its estab­ Yet, most of us never have taken the time styles of today? lishment in 1988, Alan Craver exemplifies the to comprehend the potential realistic cost Factor into this problem the reality that dedication without which our Nation could not this emerging freedom to export our way of we will be adding some 2,000,000,000 more peo­ defend the cause of freedom. His life and his life. The price of freedom ultimately will be ple into the equation over the next 20 years. death have reminded me of the costly commit­ a shortage of food and raw materials-a dam­ We then will consume at a pace even faster aging wound that will scar all the nations on than today such goods as television sets, ments that go hand in hand with the privilege this planet. Our children will have to pay the cameras, appliances, refrigerators, fast of being Americans. May we who govern this price for our reckless use of such irreplace­ foods, cars, bicycles, basic food production Nation act in the same spirit as those, like able mineral and material resources as pri­ machinery, paper, and plastic products. The Alan, who were ready to give their lives on its mary metals (iron, copper, aluminum); stra­ supply challenge will be insurmountable. behalf. tegic metals (chromium, cobalt, manganese); Yet, unless these demands are met, we will 5600 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY torn down. I urge my colleagues to continue to I think everyone would agree with the state­ fight for international integration and equality ment of Mr. Joseph Delfico, Director of Income HON. DICK SWE'IT for all women. Security Issues, Human Resources Division of OF NEW HAMPSHffiE GAO, when he said, "The results of title IV IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES projects are of little use if agencies serving the IMPROVING THE FLOW OF INFOR­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 elderly do not have access to them in a read­ MATION FROM OLDER AMERI­ ily usable form." Mr. SWETT. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow we will CANS ACT GRANTS The legislation which I am introducing today celebrate International Women's Day, the ori­ would require the Commissioner on Aging to gins of which date back to March 8, 1857. HON. THOMAS J. DOWNEY issue an annual report providing information While celebrating the great strides that women OF NEW YORK on projects completed under title IV. In addi­ have made over the last century, we must IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion to an abstract of project results and a bib­ also remember that those advances primarily liography of any published material resulting have been limited to the Western World. Many Thursday, March 7, 1991 from individual grants, the report would pro­ hurdles still remain to be overcome. Sex dis­ vide information on who carried out the re­ crimination is prevalent worldwide--most Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, today, I am in­ search and where additional information could countries do not grant women what we in the troducing legislation to improve the operation be obtained. United States regard as basic human rights; In of title IV of the Older Americans Act: Training, Mr. Speaker, I am mindful of the budgetary many countries, women are denied the right to Research and Discretionary Projects and Pro­ constraints facing us this year, and I am con­ own property and, in several instances, are grams. Just last September, the Subcommit­ fident that this is a low-cost and cost-effective prohibited from being able to divorce. They tee on Human Services of the House Select way to start to improve the dissemination of are refused services such as child support Committee on Aging, of which I am chairman, research relating to social services and older and, perhaps most importantly, the right to held a hearing to evaluate the extent to which Americans. I urge my colleagues to support vote. the Older Americans Act was meeting its goal this legislation. On this day, however, it is important to not of expanding the Nation's knowledge and un­ H.R.- only pass judgment on the outside world, but derstanding of aging. also to examine ourselves domestically, and to Title IV has a central role in supporting Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ recognize that many injustices to women are resentatives of the United States of America in training, research and demonstration efforts Congress assembled, occurring right here at home. In 1958, Eleanor under the Older Americans Act. Authority for Roosevelt stated: SECTION 1. AMENDMENT. training and research under the act has ex­ Section 433 of the Older Americans Act of Where, after all, do universal human rights isted since passage of the original legislation 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3037b) is amended by adding at begin? In small places, close to home-so in 1965. The 1969 amendments added author­ the end the following: close and so small that they cannot be seen ity to conduct demonstration projects under "(c)(1) In addition to satisfying the re­ on any maps of the world * * * Such are the title Ill of the act. Over the years, this authority quirement specified in subsection (b), the places where every man, woman, and child Commissioner shall prepare and publish for seeks equal justice, equal opportunity, equal has been incorporated into title IV and ex­ panded, outlining additional areas to assist each fiscal year a report describing each dignity without discrimination. Unless these project- rights have meaning there, they have little victims and families of Alzheimer's disease, "(A) for which funds were provided under meaning anywhere. national legal assistance support projects, this title; and As women continue to receive less pay than health education, consumer protection, and "(B) that was completed in the fiscal year their male counterparts for comparable work, many others. for which such report is prepared. and with sex discrimination still very much a The awarding of discretionary grants is one "(2) Such report shall include- fact of life in the workplace, today's American of the main ways individuals and organizations "(A) identification of such project by its woman continues to fight for equality. outside the formal aging network have access name or descriptive title; Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to note that to the Administration on Aging and can influ­ "(B) the name and address of the person or governmental entity that conducted such some international organizations such as AID ence program practice. The Commissioner on project; are beginning to realize that women's pro­ Aging is authorized to award funds to support "(C) specification of the period throughout grams must receive more attention. Because projects that would demonstrate innovative which such project was conducted; women and children comprise 90 percent of methods to expand or improve supportive or "(D) identification of each source of funds all refugees, it is crucial to develop programs nutrition services to the elderly or otherwise expended to carry out such project and the which are tailored specifically to help them. promote their well being. amount of funds provided by each such However, it will not be sufficient to simply in­ Until the hearing last September, it had source; clude women in these programs-we must been almost two decades since any specific "(E) an abstract describing the nature and operation of such project; and also promote qualified women, who already attention was paid to the accomplishments of "(F) a bibliography identifying all pub­ hold positions in such organizations. title IV. In calling this hearing, Mr. Speaker, I lished information relating to such project.". Mr. Speaker, last year we recognized the hoped to highlight this important program and SEC. 2. EFFECTIVE DATE. Year of the Girl Child. In recognizing the im­ determine whether any issues ought to be This Act and the amendment made by sec­ portance of the girl child, we cannot ignore raised when Congress reauthorizes the Older tion 1 shall take effect on October 1, 1991. and must confront the barriers that block the Americans Act later this year. full integration of women into today's modern At the request of the Subcommittee, the world. We must not accept the argument that U.S. General Accounting Office conducted a JOHN SHERMAN COOPER: THE local variations in culture and teachings study of the dissemination of research and GENTLEMAN FROM KENTUCKY around the world can be allowed to prevent demonstration results undertaken under Title the universal advancement of women. IV of the Older Americans Act. The results of HON. ROMANO L MAllOU If education were to become a higher prior­ the GAO study were very interesting: First, the OF KENTUCKY ity, some of the barriers to women would U.S. Administration on Aging does not cur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gradually crumble. As we look toward the next rently systematically disseminate research in­ generation, education must be placed higher formation, or monitor its dissemination; sec­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 on our list of priorities-in our own country, we ond, State agencies on aging learn of re­ Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, Kentucky, the must promote the education of all U.S. citi­ search and demonstration results from a vari­ Nation, and the entire world suffered a loss zens. ety of sources; third, States believe better dis­ with the death of the Honorable John Sher­ Mr. Speaker, International Women's Day semination efforts by the U.S. Administration man Cooper of Kentucky. provides us with an opportunity to note the on Aging would help to improve State aging I was honored to have taken part in the spe­ outstanding progress that women have made, program operations; fourth, State agencies re­ cial order held in the House on March 5, 1991. as well as to emphasize the enormous bar­ port that they frequently use program results Following are the remarks I delivered in riers to women's progress which still must be in adapting their own programs. Senator Cooper's behalf during the special March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5601 order and articles from the Louisville Courier­ will be in history but one John Sherman appointments. He remained to the very end Journal which portray in rich detail the remark­ Cooper. of his life vitally engaged in efforts to help able and productive career of this "Gentleman My formal remarks about the Honorable the less fortunate and to build a better world. from Kentucky." John Sherman Cooper are as follows: Senator Cooper would often admit that his JOHN SHERMAN COOPER: THE GENTLEMAN oratorical skills were not outstanding. But, [From the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD) FROM KENTUCKY his clarity of thought, the depth of his con­ Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank "The gentleman from Kentucky"-is the viction, and the absolute sincerity of the my friend from the Fifth District, HAL ROG­ terminology we use here in the Chamber man were, indeed, outstanding. These at­ ERS, for yielding this time and for also ac­ when we debate among ourselves. But, it is tributes and these characteristics earned commodation all of us to the peculiarities of an appellation most appropriately attached John Sherman Cooper the great respect and our schedules. Certainly we all rise in mem­ to the late Senator from Kentucky, John admiration he enjoyed in the Commonwealth ory of one of the greatest Kentuckians of all Sherman Cooper. and all over the world. time and one of its greatest political figures, I am proud to join with my colleagues in John Sherman Cooper's life and career in John Sherman Cooper. celebrating the life and career of a man Government service, are models for all in Just a moment ago my friend from the whose more than 40 years in public service to public office to emulate. Fifth District said it is hard to find the his State and country were exemplary and a In honoring Senator Cooper at the time of words because there are so many different shining example of public service at its fin­ his retirement one of his fellow legislators words that could be used to describe Senator est. said: Cooper. Let me try these few on for size: the Citizen, soldier, Senator, Ambassador, "John Sherman Cooper is the only man I gentleman from Kentucky. statesman-John Sherman Cooper was all of have known who has traveled the spectrum If there were even a human being who was these and more. He was also a kind, gentle, of social and political life and left only dig­ more a gentleman in every connotation of thoughtful and decent man. nity, honor and respect wherever he that word, it was John Sherman Cooper. His way was never to draw attention and walked." He was tall, he was elegant, he was quiet, accolades to himself despite his many ac­ All Kentuckians feel a special sadness over he was well spoken, he was very thoughtful, complishments in many roles. His way was the loss of this great man and great servant and he was very decent as a human being. simplicity, self-effacement, understatement of the people. I join my colleagues in ex­ He always cared about the other people. It and humility. He was a rare and gracious pressing deepest condolences and sympathies was not his own welfare but everyone else's man. to Senator Cooper's brother, Richard, and to that motivated him, really. John Sherman Cooper began his career in the Cooper family. And as I told my friend from Kentucky at public service in the Kentucky House of Rep­ [From the Courier-Journal, Feb. 23, 1991) other times, the particular vignette that I resentatives representing his hometown of would like to leave-and I hope to come back Somerset in Pulaski County. He then served STATESMAN RENOWNED FOR HIS INTEGRITY Is to the later part of this special order-but in two terms as county judge of Pulaski Coun­ DEAD AT 89 1971, when I first was sworn in as a Member ty. He enlisted as a private in the Army dur­ (By Bob Johnson) of this body over at room 2237 in the Ray­ ing World War II, and was discharged a cap­ Former U.S. Sen. John Sherman Cooper, burn Building, where we had our swearing-in tain. His first experience in international di­ the most popular and respected Kentucky reception, my friends were there, my family plomacy was a legal adviser restructuring Republican of the post-World War II era, died was there, my mother-in-law was there, postwar Germany's judicial system. Thursday in Washington. He was 89. among other people. Through this doorway Senator Cooper's service in the U.S. Senate Cooper died "naturally and quietly in his walked this distinguished, dignified figure, may be unique. He was twice elected to com­ sleep" at 4:30 p.m., said his physician, Dr. John Sherman Cooper. Not of the same plete unexpired Senate terms, only to be de­ Jerry M. Earil. Earil listed the cause on the party, a person for whom the world was a feated in reelection bids. While out of the death certificate as cardiac arrest. In an stage. I was, you know, a person just from a Senate and before he began his two consecu­ interview, Earil said Cooper was not ill and very small area of our commonwealth. He tive full terms there-1960 to 1972-Senator essentially died of old age. was a person who had been Ambassador, had Cooper was a delegate to the United Nations Cooper, a veteran of World War II, will be been Senator, had been delegate to various and United States Ambassador to India. buried next to his wife, Lorraine, in Arling­ conventions on behalf of this Nation. Two years after his retirement from the ton National Cemetery. The funeral will be Into this reception came John Sherman Senate in 1972, Senator Cooper became our at 11 a.m. Wednesday at the cemetery chap­ Cooper. And I to this day-and it has been Nation's first Ambassador to the German el. Visitation will be 6 to 8 p.m. Tuesday at over 20 years ago--have never been able to Democratic Republic-the former East Ger­ DeVol Funeral Home, 2222 Wisconsin Ave., in forget that, and I never want to forget it be­ many. Our Nation's prestige could not have Washington. cause it reflected in one capsule the kind of been more ably served nor protected than in Former President Gerald Ford praised Coo­ human being that John Sherman Cooper the diplomatic service of John Sherman Coo­ per yesterday, saying through an aide that was. per, the gentleman from Kentucky. he "was one of America's outstanding legis­ He was thoughtful, decent, he cared about Senator Cooper was a highly principled, lators and diplomats in the post-World War all members of the delegation regardless of independent thinker. He often took positions II period." our political affiliation. But his love of Ken­ that were at odds with the majority of his Cooper, who served as U.S. ambassador to tucky and his gentleness, which meant that party. He was one of the first to openly criti­ India and East Germany, served 20 years in in fact he was able to represent Kentucky cize Senator Joseph McCarthy's anti-Com­ the Senate, where he established himself as whether he represented Kentucky in Pulaski munist crusade. And, during the late 1960's, one of its most influential members, espe­ County, which was his own county, or wheth­ with the Vietnam war tearing at the very cially on foreign affairs. er he was representing Kentucky in Berlin fabric of this Nation, Senator Cooper was an Soft-spoken and gentle, reflective and when he was Ambassador or whether he rep­ architect of legislation to limit combat ac­ sometimes given to mumbling, Cooper was resented Kentucky in New Delhi when he tivities of the U.S. military in Southeast not a great orator. Colleagues said his per­ was Ambassador to India or whether he rep­ Asia. suasive powers stemmed from his reputation resented, right here on Capitol Hill, John I remember, too, how gracious and cour­ for integrity and sound judgment. Sherman Cooper was the quintessential teous Senator Cooper was to me when I ar­ "I've tried to vote my own convictions," "gentleman from Kentucky." rived here in the House of Representatives in Cooper once said. "Of course, that's what ev­ So I want to thank the gentleman from 1971. He honored me by attending my recep­ eryone says. I don't say you don't slide back Kentucky, my friend Hal Rogers, who rep­ tion in 2237 Rayburn Building on the day of now and then." resented the other gentleman from Kentucky my swearing in. My family and I were all Cooper's reputation was such that he was for so many years; he was his representative thunderstruck-pleasantly so, of course­ named to the Warren Commission, which in­ for years as well as his friend and confidant. when through the door walked that tall, dis­ vestigated the assassination of President In that setting, he probably more than any tinguished figure so well-known back home John F. Kennedy. Although doubts multi­ member of our delegation has been closest to and around the world. plied about the commission's findings that him. All of us share the grief and the sorrow He talked to me, my family and my friends accused assassin Lee Harvey Oswald acted that Kentucky and the country experience in with the same genuineness and attention alone, Cooper concluded there was no point the loss of this great human being. that, no doubt, characterized his contacts in reopening the investigation. He said the I want to thank my friend for having this with the high and mighty of the Nation and commission's findings were correct, although special order. I hope to be able to return to the world. I could never-and will never-for­ he acknowledged the investigation had not perhaps engage in more reminiscences, but get this great favor to my family and me. been as thorough as it should have been. suffice it to say, sorrowfully enough, we have John Sherman Cooper lived a full life-full During their years in the Senate, Cooper to say there has been in history and there of achievements and full of its inevitable dis- and Kennedy were close friends. Kennedy and 5602 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 his wife, Jacqueline, frequently dined with Again, Cooper was unable to hold the seat. said, there would have been more pressure to the Coopers at their Georgetown home. In 1954, former Vice · President Alben Bar­ go along with the pack. Shortly after Kennedy won the presidency, kley, who had served in the Senate for 20 While not much of a speaker, Cooper fre­ Cooper quietly undertook a fact-finding mis­ years before his election as vice president, quently related anecdotes about himself that sion for him in the Soviet Union. reclaimed his seat, defeating Cooper by near­ revealed a gentle, self-deprecating sense of In Washington, Cooper was as popular as ly 70,000 votes. humor. One story told the problems he had he was respected. His wife, Lorraine Rowan The defeat was Cooper's worst; it would starting a law practice after graduation from Shelvin, whom Cooper married in 1955, was also be his last. Harvard. one of Washington's social leaders. Their After serving as President Dwight Eisen­ As Cooper told it, a long-time friend came names appeared regularly in the social col­ hower's ambassador to India, his first diplo­ to him with word that someone had backed umns. Lorraine Cooper, who died in 1985, matic post, Cooper returned to Kentucky in into his car. wrote a column about life in Washington 1956 to make another bid for the Senate, run­ "'He's got insurance and admits he was at that ran in about 50 Kentucky papers. ning again for a partial term. fault,'" Cooper recalled the man saying. A political moderate, Cooper supported Barkley had died that spring, and Cooper said he immediately envisioned an such presidential hopefuls as Pennsylvania's Wetherby, having completed his term as gov­ open-and-shut case, with fee attached. Gov. William Scranton in 1964, when Arizona ernor, sought to succeed him. There was an­ "'Now, John,'" he said the man concluded, Sen. Barry Goldwater was nominated, and other election that year: U.S. Sen. Earle "'we've been friends a long time and I want Sen. Howard Baker of Tennessee in 1980, Clements, a former Democratic governor, you to be honest with me-where can I get when Ronald Reagan emerged as the nomi­ was seeking a second term. myself a good lawyer?'" nee. Cooper served several times as chairman But the combination of Eisenhower's coat­ Cooper lived in Washington after his re­ of the Kentucky delegation to GOP national tails and the quiet support of Democrats tirement, where he was associated with the conventions. aligned with Chandler, who was serving his law firm of Covington and Burling, one of During most of his Senate career, Cooper second term as governor, produced GOP vic­ Washington's largest. He returned to Ken­ was teamed with two other Kentucky Repub­ tories in both Senate races. tucky from time to time to make political lican senators-Thruston B. Morton and Cooper defeated Wetherby by more than appearances, including several at the annual Marlow W. Cook, both of Louisville. It was 65,000 votes, while Morton won his first term Fancy Farm political picnic. In October 1987 an era of unusual political strength for Ken­ in the Senate by beating Clements, a power­ he was honored at a Frankfort ceremony tucky Republicans. They carried Kentucky ful figure in the Democratic leadership, by when his bust was placed in the Capitol. in four or five presidential races, won six just under 7,000 votes in what was the closest Trudy Musson, a former Louisvillian who consecutive races for the Senate and held the election in the nation that year. was a longtime aide to Cooper, said he had governor's chair for four years under Louie The victory gave Cooper that seat he held gone for a car ride Thursday morning and Nunn. until he retired in 1972. He disposed of former died during an afternoon nap at his apart­ Although Kentucky is heavily Democratic Gov. Keen Johnson in 1960 by nearly 200,000 ment in a Washington retirement home. state, Cooper proved to be one of the state's votes, and in his last campaign six years While frail and hard of hearing, Cooper re­ most popular political figures. later, Cooper won re-election to the Senate mained active until the end, she said. He was born Aug. 23, 1901, to a politically by 217,000 votes. Wednesday morning he attended a Senate prominent family in Somerset. His father, When Cooper retired in 1972, Nunn sought prayer breakfast on Capitol Hill, and last for whom he was named, was a lawyer and to hold the seat for the Repubicans but lost Sunday evening visited Washington Post farmer who served as Pulaski County judge, to Democrat Walter "Dee" Huddleston. board chairman Katharine Graham, Musson a position Cooper himself would hold. As they did throughout his career, Ken­ said. In November he went to Somerset. "He Cooper attended Centre College and then tucky Republicans hoped Cooper would run was going around seeing people and doing Yale, from which he graduated in 1923. He again for governor, but he declined. things,'' Musson said. graduated from Harvard Law School in 1925. The Watergate scandal was beginning to Cooper had no children. Of his four sisters After a term in the Kentucky House of erupt around President Richard Nixon at the and two brothers, only Richard E. Cooper of Representatives and two terms as Pulaski time of Cooper's retirement. Cooper, who de­ Somerset survives. County judge, Cooper ran for governor in scribed himself as "depressed and worried" 1939 but was defeated in the GOP primary by about it, called the scandal "criminal, im­ [From the Courier-Journal, Feb. 28, 1991] King Swope, who had been the party's nomi­ moral and stupid." COOPER CELEBRATED IN SIMPLE SERVICE AS nee in 1935. But he predicted the disclosures and the SHOWING "TRUE MARKS OF GREATNESS" World War II interrupted Cooper's political resulting prosecutions could lead to heaithy (By Mike Brown) career. He enlisted as an army private in 1942 changes. WASHINGTON.-The life of former Sen. John and was commissioned a second lieutenant in Cooper's interest in foreign affairs was Sherman Cooper was celebrated yesterday in 1943. He rode with Gen. George Patton's whetted when, after World War II, President a simple funeral that he himself helped plan, Third Army, seeing action in five campaigns Harry Truman named him a delegate to the complete with instructions that there be no and winning the Bronze Star. United Nations' General Assembly in 1949. In long eulogy. During the war. Cooper married Evelyn addition to his service in India, Cooper was More than 300 people, from former Senate Pfaff, an army nurse from Portland, Ore. the country's first ambassador to East Ger­ colleagues to former helpers in his Washing­ They divorced several years later. many. He was appointed to the post by Presi­ ton home, crowded into an Army chapel next After the war, Cooper stayed in Germany dent Ford in 1974. Cooper had served on the to Arlington National Cemetery to offer as a legal adviser to the military govern­ Foreign Relations Committee in the Senate. thanksgiving for the soft-spoken, self-effac­ ment. He received a citation for reorganizing AN INDEPENDENT STREAK ing man who, said the Rev. Canon Sanford Bavaria's courts and helping to repatriate One of the early opponents of expanding Garner, "left the world a richer and more hu­ thousands of displaced persons. the Vietnam War, Cooper led the successful mane place." Discharged a captain in February 1946, fight for passage of the Cooper-Church Cooper, a Kentucky Republican who gained Cooper returned to Pulaski County, where he Amendment in 1970, which limited U.S. in­ national respect during a long career as a was elected circuit judge. Later that year he volvement in Cambodia. He also spoke fre­ senator and as ambassador to India and East won a special election to the Senate to fill quently of the need to limit the spread of nu­ Germany, died Thursday at age 89 in a re­ out the term of Democrat A.B. "Happy" clear weapons and supported the 1969 nuclear tirement home in Washington's Georgetown thandler, who had resigned to become base­ non-proliferation treaty. neighborhood. ball commissioner. Cooper had an independent streak and was After the half-hour funeral, which included EARLY STRUGGLES more liberal than many Kentuckians. As a the singing of "My Old Kentucky Home" and Cooper's Democratic opponent in the 1946 judge in Pulaski County he insisted that "America the Beautiful,'' Cooper's flag­ election was John Y. Brown Sr., whom he de­ black residents serve on juries, and he was draped coffin was taken by horse-drawn cais­ feated by just over 40,000 votes. But Cooper, an early opponent of discriminatory laws. son to a burial plot near the Tomb of Un­ who faced a decade-long struggle to establish Cooper's positions were frequently ahead of knowns in the national cemetery overlook­ himself in state politics, was unable to hold public opinion in Kentucky. When first elect­ ing the Potomac River and Washington. the seat. In the race for a full term in 1948, ed to the Senate, he supported federal aid to There, with a full military honor guard, he lost to Democrat Virgil Chapman by just education, although it wasn't enacted until Cooper's body was laid to rest next to that of under 25,000 votes. 1965. He also supported Medicaid and Medi­ his wife, Lorraine, who died in 1985. The Chapman died in office two years later. care in the face of strong opposition from tombstone notes his home state and his Cooper ran in 1952 to fill the vacancy, defeat­ Kentucky politicians. World War II service as an Army captain but ing Democrat Tom Underwood of Lexington, In a 1983 interview, Cooper said he "got none of his government positions. who had been appointed to the seat by Gov. away with some things" because he was a In the chapel at Fort Myer, which adjoins Lawrence Wetherby. Republican. If he had been a Democrat, he the cemetery, Garner said the "senator was, March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5603 as you know, a very particular and deter­ was there, as were former Govs. Louie Nunn Although Israel has received financial and mined man," and had left detailed instruc­ and Edward Breathitt. in-kind support from Germany, this assistance tions about his funeral-where it was to be Numerous people who had worked for Coo­ falls far short of what Israel needs to keep its held, what was to be read, friends whom he per in the Senate were there, including Sue defenses strong enough to defend itself suffi­ wished to attend, and what he wanted from Lewis, Bailey Guard and U.S. District Judge Garner: "a short statement, not laudatory." Ronald Meredith. Longtime aide and friend ciently. Because Israel depends on its friend But Garner, asking Cooper's forgiveness, Trudy Musson, who helped arrange the serv­ and ally the United States for financial aid, it did not fully comply. "I must add, Sen. Coo­ ice, sat at the front of the church with the is imperative that we include in this legislation per, you demonstrated the true marks of senator's brother, Richard Cooper, his wife, $650 million in emergency supplemental as­ greatness," he said. Cornelia and other members of the Cooper sistance for Israel. I strongly urge my col­ "You loved God and His church. You loved family. leagues to defeat any amendments seeking to your family and your parents. You loved and reduce this assistance. served your country. You loved and re­ spected and cared for the least and the low­ SUPPLEMENTAL ASSISTANCE TO est in God's world," said Garner, who is now ISRAEL interim provost of the Washington National ISAIAH A VILA: WE HAVE LOST A Cathedral but used to be rector of the Epis­ GREAT MAN copal church in Washington that Cooper fre­ HON. TED WEISS quently attended. OF NEW YORK HON. BARNEY FRANK Cooper, however, was a Baptist and always IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MASSACHUSETTS remained a member of the First Baptist Church in his hometown of Somerset, a fact Thursday, March 7, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that its pastor, Dr. Robert Browning, said Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong op­ Thursday, March 7,1991 the senator had wanted noted at his funeral. position to all amendments that would reduce Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, Browning told the congregation that Coo­ the $650 million in emergency assistance to per visited him in the fall of 1988 to talk last month, the people of Fall River, MA, suf­ about his funeral, and that the conversation Israel to help meet the substantial security fered a grievous loss. Isaiah Avila, known to stretched into a discussion of Cooper's public costs it has incurred during the Persian Gulf almost everybody in the Greater Fall River career. From their talk, Browning said, he crisis. This assistance is crucial if Israel is to area as "Minnesota," was an object lesson to distilled these points: strengthen its defenses so it can protect itself. all of us in the Greater Fall River area in what 1. Always vote your convictions and be As Saddam Hussein's brutal aggression has it means to be a good man and a good citi­ willing to pay the price. shown, the threat against Israel is real and im­ zen. Isaiah Avila performed more genuine acts 2. Above all, the honorable. mediate. of charity in a month than most people per­ 3. Answer criticism, if it is constructive. During the course of the gulf war, Iraq 4. Constructive criticism will keep you form in their lifetimes, and he did it without an humble. launched 39 Scud missiles at populated Israeli ounce of sanctimony or in any way giving peo­ 5. Earn the trust of people by letting them civilian centers, resulting in over 200 casual­ ple the appearance that he was conferring know you want the best for them. ties and 2 deaths, not counting the 12 people some benefit on them. He helped people be­ 6. Work hard. You will always wish you who died from heart attacks and suffocation cause he loved people and it seemed never to had done more. associated with the missile attacks. Addition­ occur to him that he should be anything but a 7. Cultivate a sense of humor. ally, nearly 700 people were treated for shock source of decency, generosity, and warmth to 8. Spiritual matters are the most impor­ and mistaken atrophine injection, an antidote tant matters. They're permanent. everyone he came in contact with. Cooper, Browning said, was the best exam­ for chemical weapons. People aren't supposed to be perfect, but as ple of "a faithful steward of influence and Iraqi missiles damaged or destroyed over far as Minnesota was concerned, editor Ber­ power. Truly, he made power a healthy 8,000 homes and apartments, leaving nearly nard Sullivan of the Fall River Herald News word." 1,700 Israeli familes homeless. Further, ran­ spoke for the entire city when he said in a re­ At Cooper's request, Brownjng recited lines dom Iraqi missile attacks caused the closure cent column, "last week, Isaiah Availa did the from the hymn "Amazing Grace," which was of schools, lost business production, and an only mean thing he ever did. He died and left sung at the funeral of Cooper's father. exodus away from Israel's populated coastal us to weep and mourn." Garner read two of Lorraine Cooper's fa­ region. vorite Bible passages: John 15, verses 12 and Mayor Daniel Bogan of Fall River was one 13 ("This is my commandment, that you love In addition to suffering more damage and of many people who mentioned to me how ap­ one another as I have loved you ....") and casualties per capita than any other front line propriate it would be for me to memorialize Romans 12, verses 9-13 ("Let love be genuine; state in the gulf war, Israel has incurred bil­ this enormously good man in the CONGRES­ hate what is evil, hold fast to what is lions of dollars in increased defense costs as SIONAL RECORD. At a time when many people good ...."). a result of the heightened state of alert her de­ in this country are lamenting a lack of a sense The third speaker, the Rev. William Hague, fense forces have been under since August 2. of community, we who know Fall River can former assistant rector of Christ Episcopal Israel's Air Force, civil defense, ground units, offer the example of Isaiah Avila as one that Church, which Cooper attended in Washing­ and reserve military units have been mobi­ is well worth emulating. ton, read another of the senator's requests, lized, activated and deployed, and vital intel­ Lord Tennyson's "Crossing the Bar." ISAIAH A VILA: WE HAVE LOST A GREAT MAN The poet ask that there be no sadness at ligence activities have intensified. Four million He said his dream was to be a minister, but his death and ends with "I hope to see my gas masks have been distributed to every Is­ his sixth-grade education wasn't enough. Pilot face to face/When I have crossed the raeli citizen. He was wrong. Very wrong. bar." Israel's economy has been stretched to the Isaiah Avila's sacerdotal mission had no Hague said, "1 believe that John Sherman limit in an effort to meet its defense needs as need of book learning. It rested on the rock­ Cooper will see his Pilot." it simultaneously grapples with what many ex­ solid and simple admonition that we should Among those attending the service were pect to be a $42 billion cost of absorbing close love our neighbor with no questions asked former Sens. Howard Baker, R-Tenn.; Mike to 1 million Soviet Jews. Since August 2, Is­ and no expectation of any earthly reward in Mansfied, D-Mont.; Charles Percy, R-lll.; and return. FaiL'ly direct. Easy to understand. Charles Mathias, R-Md. rael has passed two supplemental appropria­ Not, however, easy to do. In addition to the state's congressional tions bills totaling almost $400 million and Bertrand Russell said, "So far as I can re­ delegation, other current lawmakers present raised its already high tax rates significantly to member, there is not one word in the Gospels included Sens. Ted Stevens, R-Alaska; John meet increased defense and immigration ab­ in praise of intelligence." Chafee, R-R.I.; Edward Kennedy, D-Mass.; sorption needs. Ah, but there is much in praise of love. Strom Thurmond, R-S.C.; Larry Pressler, R­ Israel has made a vital contribution to the And the big and generous heart of this lit­ S.D.; and Daniel Patrick Moynihan, D-N.Y.­ coalition efforts in the gulf by showing restraint tle man had the market cornered on that who, like Cooper, is a former ambassador to commodity. India. in the face of Iraqi attacks. Like the other front Isaiah was perhaps the only true prophet Gov. Wallace Wilkinson, who appeared be­ line states, including Turkey, Egypt, and even this city has seen for some time. He exempli­ fore a House appropriations subcommittee Jordan, who have received more than $20 bil­ fied the preacher bringing the good news of earlier in the day to urge continued funding lion in assistance from the international com­ God's love for all His people. Isaiah was the of the Appalachian Regional Commission, munity, Israel deserved supplemental aid. quintessential priest without portfolio. He 5604 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 was a minister without benefit of ordination, EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECON­ EBRD's ability to carry out its stated objec­ but with a mission that must have come di­ STRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT tives? rectly from God. He was more important and Have these problems contributed to a slow spiritually successful than many clergymen start-up of the EBRD, or do you see other bedecked in expensive robes and a tiara. Isa­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON OF INDIANA factors at work? iah, however, wore the simple garb of the What steps are you taking to speed the es­ IN THE HO~SE OF REPRESENTATIVES poor, and his only tiara was a gray cap with tablishment and functioning of the EBRD? the three-line message, "We Love Children," Thursday, March 7, 1991 When do you expect the EBRD to begin worn above a smile that was both magical Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to lending? and mystical and a magnet for those of us bring to the attention of my colleagues an ex­ I appreciate your consideration of this who had the honor of knowing this kind and changes of letters with the Department of matter and look forward to your early reply. gentle man. You should know that a similar letter was * * *where he found the sick of body. State and the Department of the Treasury re­ garding the startup of operations by the Euro­ sent to the Department of State. I hope that He delivered a sermon each time he hugged you can coordinate your response. pean Bank for Reconstruction and Develop­ and kissed a sick child and promised the With best regards. youngster that God would heal what seemed ment [EBRD]. Sincerely yours, beyond the power of any doctor to cure. At the European summit in Strasbourg, in LEE H. HAMILTON, He preached at the kitchen table of many December 1989, the European Community Chairman, Subcommittee on of the cold-water flats of the city's three­ agreed to a French proposal to create a multi­ Europe and the Middle East. deckers where he sought out the lonely. He lateral development bank for East and Central shopped for their groceries and shoveled European countries. This bank was envisioned U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, their driveways and brought them to a doc­ as a major vehicle for promoting change and Washington, DC, February 25, 1991. tor's appointment when they were too sick addressing economic issues in the newly Hon. LEE H. HAMILTON, or old to drive themselves. emerging democracies in this region. Negotia­ Chairman, Subcommittee on Europe and the Last week, Isaiah Avila did the only mean tions with the United States and other non-EC Middle East, Committee on Foreign Affairs, thing he ever did. He died and left us to weep countries on the charter of such a bank were House of Representatives, Washington, DC. and mourn. initiated shortly thereafter. The EBRD charter DEAR MR. HAMILTON: I am replying to your I had the honor of speaking at a testi­ was agreed upon in principle on April 9, 1990, letter of January 17 to Secretary Baker ex­ monial for Isaiah in January. It was a sin­ and the Bank was formally established on May pressing your concern with the progress of gular honor that I w111 treasure for a life­ setting up the European Bank for Recon­ time. 30, 1990. Jacques Attali, a close confidant of struction and Development. I understand Isaiah was living proof that real power and French President Mitterrand, was nominated that the Treasury Department has responded influence comes not from money or a posi­ to be President of the new institution. in detail to the questions you raised. tion of worldly influence but from the simple Since last spring, the Bank has been slow Creating a new international financial in­ example of selfless love. in getting off the ground. A number of criti­ stitution has proved to be a complex under­ He was brought up in a foster home and cisms of the EBRD came to my attention ear­ taking, which w111 necessarily take time. In didn't know of Christmas until he was 15. He lier this year and prompted the correspond­ light of that fact, we are concerned more lived to bring love to hundreds of the city ence that follows: that the Bank get a strong start than that it children and made Christmas a real and COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, start quickly. We expect the Bank to be for­ moveable feast. Washington, DC, January 17, 1991. mally inaugurated in April and to see the Humans have accumulated knowledge at Hon. NICHOLAS F. BRADY, first transactions by the summer. an amazing rate, but humanity has not been Secretary of the Treasury, Department of the The United States remains fully engaged able to use this vast knowledge to improve Treasury, Washington, DC. in the hard work of shaping the EBRD. Our the world, to bring it peace and boost its DEAR MR. SECRETARY: I write with respect central objective is to create an institution quality of life. to the European Bank for Reconstruction that supports and accelerates the develop­ This humble man, however, has improved and Development (EBRD). I am concerned ment of prosperous, market-oriented econo­ the lives of all he touched with his kind and about the direction the Bank appears to be mies in Eastern Europe through direct sup­ generous heart. He brought peace to the taking and with the slow pace of its start-up port for emerging private sectors. This ob­ troubled and made the city more conscious efforts. jective has the firm endorsement of the of its obligation to care. A number of criticisms of the EBRD have President-designate and all the signatory You want a real success story? recently come to my attention: countries. None of the difficulties we have Look to this man. The EBRD has been unable to define a experienced in setting up the Bank has chal­ "lending niche" distinct from that of the He had nothing in the way of worldly World Bank. Instead of complementing the lenged that central priority. goods. He was a retired m111hand, yet he had efforts of the World Bank and IMF, the Much more work remains to be done, how­ more influence in this community than any EBRD is in danger of setting itself up as a ever, in order to create an institution that of its m111ionaires or moguls of the board competing lender which might challenge the serves our objectives effectively, and which rooms or power brokers of the political conditionality set by these institutions; does so in close cooperation with the IMF, scene. EBRD President Jacques Attali is promot­ World Bank, IFC and bilateral assistance His beloved Eliza, his wife and companion, ing his own and/or President Mitterrand's programs. In that regard we have made a has promised to keep up his work of charity agenda over the objections of other EBRD number of suggestions for development of a and kindness. donors and Eastern European loan recipi­ comprehensive lending strategy and City Councilor John Medeiros told me he ents; prioritization of the Bank's activities. We plans to seek some memorial to the memory Ernest Stern, a respected Senior Vice will be working closely with staff over the of Isaiah in the vicinity of his former home President at the World Bank, turned down next few months as they formulate policies. on Eastern Avenue. the position of EBRD First Vice President Based on discussions with EBRD manage­ But it w111 be left to the God he served to due to fundamental differences with EBRD ment on the responsibilities of the First Vice adequately reward him. President Attali; President, we are optimistic that the United By his life and example, he has, indeed, The EBRD has had problems recruiting States wm be able to play a strong role in honored his city and its people. staff (despite planned average salaries of the Bank's direction. By his friendship he has honored me. $175,000) due to the low reputation of the We very much appreciate your interest in And I wanted to take this little slab of Bank and its President compared to other the process of setting up the EBRD and international lending institutions; and journalistic real estate to set up my own me­ would be glad to discuss it further with you The EBRD and East European Govern­ to or your staff. morial the memory of a saint. I wanted, in ments have had disagreements regarding the my own fumbling way, to say goodbye. Bank's funding priorities. Sincerely, JANET G. MULLINS, I would appreciate your answers to the fol­ lowing questions: Assistant Secretary Are you pleased with the progress made so Legislative Affairs. far by the EBRD? Are strategic, managerial, and operational problems, as stated above, hindering the March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5605 DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY, I am less concerned about the overall ori­ who have freed their nation, they also share Washington, DC, February 7, 1991. entation of the Bank. Bank management and with the world personal accounts of the terror Hon. LEE H. HAMILTON, staff are determined to give the Bank a which ensued following the invasion. Family Chairman, Subcommittee on Europe and the strong private sector orientation. Although members disappearing only to reappear dead Middle East, Committee on Foreign Affairs, there is a tendency to focus on the integra­ House of Representatives, Washington, DC. tion of Eastern Europe into the Western several days later on the front doorstep, their DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: This is in response to Europen economic network, I believe that we bodies mutilated and riddled with bullets. your letter of January 17 to Secretary Brady, will be able to work through high level U.S. Mothers forced to watch as their husbands are in which you express concerns regarding the staff and the U.S. Director to ensure that our shot and their daughter raped. One woman, start-up of operations by the European Bank interests in Eastern Europe are taken into suspected of being with the Kuwaiti resist­ for Reconstruction and Development account. ance, was found with an ax lodged in the back (EBRD), and a follow up to our recent meet­ The United States will be able to play a of her head. The atrocities committed by these ing. The U.S. Government shares many of strong role in the Bank through the First brutal forces are too numerous to count. How­ your concerns, and has been working ac­ Vice President position. Although we were disappointed that Ernie Stern decided not to ever, difficult it may be for the Kuwaiti people tively with Bank management and other to talk of these horrors, they are willing to tell, Bank members to obtain the necessary accept this position, we will soon place an­ changes in the Bank's organizational struc­ other highly qualified individual in this posi­ and the world must now listen and know. ture and operational priorities. tion. In addition, we have had extensive dis­ Saddam began his reign of terror by holding With regard to your specific questions, we cussions with Bank management regarding thousands of foreign citizens hostage following would have to say that we are not com­ the responsibilities of this post, and are now his August 2 invasion of Kuwait. Many of pletely satisfied with the progress made so satisfied with the division of responsibilities these hostages were held as "human shields" far by the EBRD. In particular, we had ex­ of the top level management of the EBRD. at strategic sites in the hope that their pres­ pected that the Bank would have produced a The U.S. First Vice President will have a ence would deter the United States and its al­ broad coordinating role within the Bank by detailed operational strategy by now, setting lies from any plans to attack. Then, having re­ out a comprehensive and realistic program of chairing the Bank's internal Operational Committee. The First Vice President will leased these hostages, he resorted to the use operations for the Bank, with sector specific of American and allied POW's as human objectives in individual borrowing countries. also have the Merchant Banking portfolio of This has not occurred. The Bank has also the Bank, a position which will have control shields, an act which violates not only the Ge­ been slow in establishing the operational and over about 70 percent of the Bank's oper­ neva Conventions on the treatment of pris­ financial policies which can serve as a guide ations, including all private sector oper­ oners of war, but every norm of human de­ for the staff responsible for formulating spe­ ations and all privatization activities. cency. Iraqi news accounts bragged that allied cific project proposals, as well as for poten­ The various operational and organizational air raids resulted in the death and injuries of tial borrowers. issues which I have outlined above will be several American and allied POW's being held discussed again at the next organizational These problems were the subject of nego­ as human shields. We warned the Iraqi Gov­ tiation at the Third Organizational Meeting meeting March 25-26, and at the inaugural meeting of the Board of Governors and Board ernment time and time again of its obligations of the EBRD in London January 28-30. We to respect the rights guaranteed to POW's found that a large number of the other Bank of Directors, tentatively scheduled for April members shared our concerns, and we were 15-18, 1991. If we and the other members are under the Geneva Conventions. Their re­ able to obtain a commitment from manage­ satisfied with the Bank's strategy and policy sponse was to deny any wrong doing in the ment to give priority to the formulation of a proposals, the Bank should be able to begin treatment of their "guests". comprehensive and realistic operational operations this summer. We shall never forget the anger we felt at strategy for the Bank. We have made clear I would be pleased to provide you with fur­ the sight of our brave yet battered airmen, ther information on the EBRD's activities. that this strategy must be completed before Sincerely, who were paraded on television as prisoners the Bank can begin to finance individual op­ of war. Slumped in chairs, their faces cut and erations. DAVID C. MULFORD, Under Secretary International Affairs. bruised, they were forced to make coerced In the operational strategy, we have asked statements, in bald violation of the Geneva the Bank to undertake a thorough analysis of the priority needs of the borrowing coun­ Conventions. His decision to brutally humiliate tries, and an analysis of the activities of SADDAM HUSSEIN MUST BE HELD these airmen was then followed by an an­ other multilateral and bilateral donors. ACCOUNTABLE FOR HIS CRIMES nouncement on Baghdad Radio that allied Based on this analysis, and keeping in .mind AGAINST HUMANITY prisoners of war would be tried and treated as the requirement in the Articles of Agree­ war ciminals. Whatever the reason for this ment that the EBRD must allocate at least HON. C.W. BILL YOUNG propaganda horror, its effects were clear: The 60 percent of its funding to the private sector OF FLORIDA American people grew angrier than ever and or privatization activities, the Bank must IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the allied forces' resolve to stop him hard­ then set up a specific operational plan for ened. each of its borrowing countries. We would Thursday, March 7, 1991 expect this plan to be fairly narrow in the Baghdad Radio's broadcast that allied pris­ beginning, expanding as the EBRD gained Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, the lib­ oners of war would be tried and treated as knowledge and expertise. eration of Kuwait has been accomplished and war criminals, came at the same time that We have suggested that, in the initial the objectives of President Bush and the coali­ Iraqi prisoners of war held by the allies were stage of operations, the Bank concentrate on tion forces have been achieved. However, as praising their treatment in United States and privatization, enterprise restructuring, envi­ the people of our Nation, those of our allies, Saudi prisoner of war camps. They receive ronmental projects and the development of and those of liberated Kuwait rejoice in victory, three meals per day, as opposed to the one individual private enterprises, including there still hangs a black cloud over Kuwait. meal of rice they received from the Iraqi Gov­ joint ventures with foreign partners. In addi­ That black cloud is caused by the burning oil ernment. They receive medical treatment for tion, there is scope for the Bank to be in­ fields of that nation, set ablaze as part of the volved in the development of the financial lesions and lice that were the result of their sector in Eastern Europe, and in the financ­ scorched earth retreat of Saddam Hussein's less than humane lifestyle in the Iraqi military. ing of infrastructure projects critical for the forces. What that black cloud has come to They receive care for any injuries incurred in establishment of a viable private sector, symbolize is the horrible atrocities committed battle-care which often times saves their such as telecommunications and energy by the forces of Iraq during their 7-month oc­ lives. Finally, the United States and Saudi Ara­ projects. This is the "lending niche" that cupation. With the occupation over, the world bia, as per the Geneva Conventions, have no­ you refer to. is only now beginning to realize the true extent tified the International Red Cross of the We have also asked the Bank to produce of Saddam Hussein's reign of terror. names, ranks, and serial numbers of all Iraqi detailed policy papers on operational issues Over the past 7 months we have heard prisoners of war. This information has in turn (procurement, project evaluation, etc.), fi­ many first-hand reports of the brutality of Hus­ nancial issues, environmental policy, tech­ been relayed by the Red Cross to the Iraqi nical assistance and human rights. We have sein's forces. During the occupation of Kuwait, Government. provided the Bank with our own proposals on tales of torture, rape, and mass executions The contrast between the Iraqi and allied these issues, and will be working closely leaked out, many too horrifying to believe. But treatment of prisoners of war is obvious, and with staff over the next few months as they now as the citizens of liberated Kuwait ex­ was of great concern to all Americans. The list formulate their po~icies. press their gratitude to the coalition forces of Saddam's war crimes, however, does not 5606 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 end there. The world watched as almost daily, gression; the defeat of his forces represents tion would have erupted overnight. The same throughout the 7 weeks of Operation Desert an historical milestone for civility and human would have been true if in the Democratic re­ Storm, Saddam Hussein ordered a relentless, rights. sponse, the same idea was proposed. unprovoked series of Scud missile attacks Saddam Hussein must answer the calls of However, that is exactly the situation we against civilian population centers in Israel and the international community and stand trial for find ourselves in today. Federal wetlands law Saudi Arabia. While the remarkable tech­ . his crimes. Our victory in this campaign dem­ has now become the land management tool nology of United States Patriot missiles man­ onstrates to the world, and to future despots for anyone wanting to dictate development aged to destroy most Scud missiles in the air, and terrorists, that the international community across this country. I believe that situation pieces of the Scuds as they broke up in flight is fed up with their lack of human decency and needs to change. and after being struck by Patriots managed to their careless disregard for human life. It ex­ Mr. Speaker, we have joined together today fall on areas inhabited by innocent civilians, presses an unwavering resolve to bring these to offer a solution to the wetland problems we killing nearly a dozen and injuring more than criminals to justice. are currently experiencing in each of our home 100. Legislation I drafted in January, after seeing districts. For example, in Eugene, OR, a State Certainly no American can forget that 29 Saddam Hussein parade beaten American known for its environmental sensitivity, a state­ Americans lost their lives in a Scud attack on and allied POW's before Iraqi television cam­ wide program to map out areas for develop­ Saudi Arabia in the closing hours of the war. eras, would have authorized the United States ment has been usurped by Federal law. Con­ It was the single greatest loss of life and injury to pay up to $100 million to any individual or sequently, instead of allowing development to by the allies in the entire operation. individuals providing information or assisting in occur on marginal wetlands, development Saddam Hussein's reasons for these the capture of Saddam Hussein. Previous must now proceed on prime farmland or prime unprovoked attacks, especially against Israel, . Congresses have taken steps to provide the forest lands. Is that the type of environmental were clear. He hoped to bring Israel into the authority for the similar payment of rewards to strategy we want to forward? war in an attempt to break the resolve of the those who assist in the capture of terrorists In Nevada, developments in the midst of allies and disband the coalition. Once again and drug kingpins. It was at the request of our cactus and parched earth are now being clas­ he failed. Reserving the right to defend them­ administration, which so skillfully held together sified as "wetlands" because standing water selves and their nation, the Israelis dem­ a diverse coalition of allied forces, that I held can occur for 7 days in a hole dug for a foun­ onstrated tremendous restraint in not launch­ off introducing this legislation to avert any dis­ ing a retaliatory strike. The Congress and our dation. The fact that such a rain occurs very ruption in the support of our allied forces, es­ rarely no longer seems relevant in what was Nation commend them for their restraint and pecially those in the Arab community. reaffirm our commitment to their freedom and once considered a desert State, but which is Still, I believe our Nation should work with now "the Great Wetlands State." security. the victorious leaders of our coalition to pro­ In addition to his continuing campaign of Obviously, Louisiana has its own problems ceed with the capture of Saddam Hussein so as well. In my area, where precluding man's Scud attacks against civilian targets, Saddam that he can be tried before an international tri­ Hussein, to the amazement of the world and activities on wetlands ensures their permanent bunal to demonstrate the world's resolve to loss, the current Federal policy literally sup­ in a desperate act of ecoterrorism, also under­ punish cowardly crimes of terrorism. His trial took a personal war against the Persian Gulf ports ecological damage. In my district I have would send a message to other potential ty­ landowners who are the active stewards of the itself. The Iraqi President ordered the opening rants and terrorists that the free world is seri­ of oil pumps on the coast of Kuwait, dumping marshlands fighting to protect wetlands from ous about working together to bring to justice the geologic processes of subsidence and a millions of barrels of oil into the gulf, creating international criminals who commit these hei­ an oil slick the size of New York City. In addi­ rising sea level. Without their marsh manage­ nous crimes against humanity. ment efforts my region will continue to convert tion, the torching of 600 oil wells in Kuwait is The U.S. Congress is outraged, the Amer­ producing one of the world's worst air pollution to open water, and subsequently, into the Gulf ican people are outraged, and the entire free of Mexico. Amazingly, in spite of this scenario disasters. This environmental terrorism could world is outraged at the brutality of Saddam these people must wait over 5 years to get a destroy the gulf and all the life it supports for Hussein and his unthinkable acts which violate permit to simply repair an eroded levee or decades. With no military advantage to gain every norm of human decency. The Congress water control structure. That does not make from these acts, it is clear that Saddam Hus­ has voted to condemn his actions, and now sense. It may amuse several of my colleagues sein was only interested in opening the door we must strive to see that he is held fully ac­ that this issue hits at the heart because I am to new forms of terror. · countable for every one of these ruthless acts in jeopardy of losing my seat to erosion rather As the people of Kuwait return to rebuild he ordered committed over the past 7 months. their homeland, we are learning even more than apportionment. details of the atrocities committed by Saddam In the most graphic terms, this country con­ Hussein and his forces during the occupation THE COMPREHENSIVE WETLANDS tinues to lose over 1,200 acres of wetlands of Kuwait. In the weeks and months ahead, CONSERVATION AND MANAGE­ each day. This rate of loss can no longer be we no doubt will see the true extent to which MENT ACT OF 1991 tolerated. Concurrently, we have also man­ he terrorized his small defenseless neighbor. aged to burden our communities, who must In just the first week since the cease-fire HON. JAMFS A. HAYFS meet their expanding needs, by imposing a regulatory process that prohibits essential began, we have seen Saddam Hussein revert OF LOUISIANA growth from occurring, devalues individuals' to armed force and terror against his own peo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ple. Using what military strength he was able property, cuts local governments' tax base, to salvage, he has quashed spirited dem­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 and accept as standard operating procedure a onstrations and uprisings in a number of Iraqi Mr. HAYES of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, I rise process that delays permit decisions for years. cities while the people were demanding Sad­ today . to join with my colleagues Mr. RIDGE, Obviously, there are no winners in this sce­ dam Hussein's removal from power. It is the Mr. TAUZIN, Mr. YOUNG of Alaska, Mr. AN­ nario. last vestiges of the elite Republican Guard THONY, and Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT, along with In response to this crisis, I have crafted a that has taken the lead in these operations as many other Members, in the introduction of proposal that will establish a new national wet­ they have opened fire and used brute force the Comprehensive Wetlands Conservation lands program that will conserve our wetland against unarmed and defenseless Iraqi citi­ and Management Act of 1991. resources, while accommodating the need for zens. Mr. Speaker, a few weeks ago on the floor continued economic growth and the reason­ The manner in which Saddam Hussein or­ of this Chamber the President of the United able protection of private property rights. With dered and oversaw the murder and torture of States gave his general State of the Union Ad­ the help of many individuals from my State, thousands of American, Kuwaiti, Israeli, and dress. Imagine the public reaction if, at that and from Members and organizations from allied troops over the past 7 months, and his time, he had reported in his speech that the around the country, this bill has been drafted actions within his own country these past 7 only item missing in the fulfillment of his vision to create a regulatory scheme that respects days serves as a vivid reminder to the world for America was a national land-use plan. the regional nuances that make the wetlands of what was at stake in the Persian Gulf. Sad­ Newspaper headlines across the Nation would of such places as Louisiana, Alaska, and dam Hussein symbolizes lawlessness and ag- have screamed for an explanation and opposi- Pennsylvania so distinctive. March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5607 For a quick history lesson on how we got Furthermore, following upon the heels of One short note on that point. Under the ac­ into the mess we are in today, and why we several landmark court decisions involving the celerated procedure established in our legisla­ must reform the current system, we must issue of regulatory takings, our legislation tion, at least the Federal Government would being in 1972 with the passage of the Clean clarifies that the imposition of excessively re­ be able to avoid the penalties and interest Water Act. In that act, wetlands were barely strictive permit conditions is, in essence, ex­ costs that they are currently paying in each the focus of congressional attention, receiving propriation. While no one likes to admit that, case where they deny a takings has occurred. less than two paragraphs of legislative lan­ under current law, we are regularly taking land For example, in one of two cases I just men­ guage. In short, congressional intent focused from property owners, or that the existing Fed­ tioned, instead of paying over $5 million to the strictly on the dredge-and-fill activities of the eral wetlands policy costs us millions each landowner, the Federal Government would Corps of Engineers within the navigable wa­ year, the time has come for Congress to put only have had to pay a little over $1 million to ters of the United States, such as for the its money where its mouth is. settle this case. However, due to maintenance of the Mississippi River channel, To date, as a Federal Government, we have compounding interest and the snail-pace in­ and was not primarily concerned with the fu­ thought nothing of telling a landowner that he volved in resolving this issue the Government ture of all wetlands within the entire United or she is precluded from ever using that prop­ has had to pay four times its initial and rea­ States. erty again for any economic use due to the sonable cost. Since that time, without congressional de­ fact that it has now been delineated as a wet­ bate or mandate, the promulgation of rules Finally, the bill accomplishes two major land. We do this, of course, under the guise goals that are consistently mentioned by my and regulations by various agencies and de­ of being in the Nation's best interest. What we partments, acting free from the constraints of constituents. The first is the streamlining of the have neglected to do however, is recognize decisionmaking process so that permits no public comments, has led to the bureaucratic that this type of action is clearly not in the indi­ malaise in which we currently find ourselves longer linger years after the initial application viduals best interest and may devastate the fi­ awaiting a granting or denial. Secondly, the bill entangled. Based upon the searing comments nancial condition of that owner. Nonetheless, each of us hear from our constituencies re­ provides an incentive for States to take on an as long as no bill came due to the Federal garding the impact this egregious system has increased role in the management of their own coffers, there was no need to worry and no had upon their lives, it is obvious that the wetlands as. well as providing for the complete need to believe that this action could have a changes promulgated since 1972 have neither assumption of the permitting process if they so detrimental impact upon our country. protected our wetlands nor respected the desire. Individuals have remarked that deci­ property rights of our citizens. Suffice it to say, But explain to me the difference between a sions need to be made by people who know that a law that never envisioned itself to be landowner who is approached by the Depart­ the land and live on or near the land in ques­ the protector of wetlands has not been modi­ ment of Transportation to explain that 1-1 0 is tion, rather than by some bureaucrat located fied to protect the environment nor legitimate going to be built through their property for the hundreds of miles away who uses aerial pho­ concerns of our communities. Consequently, it national good and a landowner who is told not tographs to make their decisions. In the is time for a change. to build or use their property because it is a course of the nationwide Domestic Policy For the first time since the inception of the nationally significant wetland. I believe that in Council's hearings on wetlands, both of these Clean Water Act in 1972, our bill would estab­ both cases the individual has lost the use of points were highlighted time and time again as lish a true comprehensive national wetlands their property in response to the greater good. areas that needed reform. policy, rather than simply trying to apply an in­ However, in one fundamental way the net re­ In conclusion, I want to remind my col­ adequate and inappropriate law to meet that sult is significantly different because the owner leagues that this is an extremely complex in the way of 1-1 0 will not be the one to shoul­ goal. For example, this legislation would finally issue where solutions that are good for Louisi­ der the financial burden alone for the national expand the jurisdiction of wetland protection to ana may not be best for Maine or North Da­ good; he or she will be compensated as an cover such currently permissible activities as kota. However, after working with hundreds of expropriation. The wetlands owner, however, excavation and drainage, each of which, under people from around the country I believe that will simply be entitled to hold title to their prop­ present law, may cause severe environmental this legislation provides the best vehicle for erty which he or she can not extract any eco­ degradation. correcting a system that is in dire need of re­ More importantly, however, this legislation nomic value from, but will be left to shoulder that burden on behalf of the national good pair. would finally recognize that a rational bal­ I remember, on the day John Kennedy was ancing test needs to be incorporated into the alone, while continuing to pay full value taxes on those lands. That scenario does not make killed, my father and I were hunting in the Federal decision-making process regarding marshlands south of my home in Louisiana. the permitting of activities in wetlands. sense and is clearly unfair. To streamline this process and to protect While the memory of that tragic day is still To accomplish this goal our legislation takes alive for each of us, what concerns me now is a bold new approach by categorizing and those wetlands that are of national signifi­ that the very lands he and I walked upon that classifying wetlands based upon their environ­ cance, our bill proposes to guarantee that criti­ day are no longer there; they have literally mental values and functions for regulatory pur­ cally important wetlands are prohibited from eroded out from under our feet. I worry that poses. Such an approach guarantees that im­ being subject to any economic development, portant wetlands receive critical Federal atten­ but in return, provides landowners with a swift my children and their children will not have the tion and protection while lesser value prop­ compensation procedure to protect their rights same opportunities to enjoy these lands if you erties are protected in a way that ensures that and economic condition. and I do not do something today. We can't their functions and values are not lost to the While some members complain that the cost bring back each and every acre and memory, region while still accommodating essential associated with this type of solution due to but we can ensure that the places where community growth. Clearly, it is that sort of takings is too high, I must point out that they dreams are made will be there in the future for balanced approach that all of us share as our never seemed to care before for the individual our children to use and appreciate. common goal. back in their district who has had to lose their We can no longer blame the loss of wet­ This proposal also makes significant life savings that was tied into their ownership lands or the anger of our constituents on geo­ progress in improving the definition of what of lands which were later determined to be logic processes, Federal ignorance or other makes a property a wetland. As each of us wetlands through the de facto expropriation of grand-scale factors. Wetlands are too critical knows all too well, the current delineation their properties. Furthermore, as cases such a to our environmental and economic survival manual has created a furor over the excessive Florida Rock and Loveladies Harbor progress not to be addressed now by an enlightened scope of that directive's definition of what con­ through the courts on the way to the Supreme Congress. There is clearly the will here in this stitutes a jurisdictional wetland. Consequently, Court, the issue of whether takings are occur­ Nation to accomplish that task and it is our re­ through the comments of numerous individuals ring or not is now moot. The courts are saying sponsibility to harness that energy. I would and groups, we have worked to correct this that these are takings. Therefore, the issue of commend my fellow colleagues to look at this situation. Under the authority of our new defi­ whether we as a government with an inflated legislation and to use it as the first step in re­ nition we believe that only those properties budget deficit can withstand the effects of forming our wetland laws and in meeting our that provide true wetlands functions and val­ takings decisions is no longer avoidable, we challenge to better protect and manage this ues will now be covered by Federal law. are going to have to act. country's natural resources.

49-059 D-95 Vol. 137 (Pt. 4) 32 5608 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 THE PEACE, DEMOCRACY AND DE­ well as the FMLN would then be required. of Saddam Hussein helped lead us to war­ VELOPMENT IN EL SALVADOR Conditions on restoration of aid include: First, fortunately, one that lasted only 42 days. But ACT the rightful resolution of several human rights our failure to address repression in El Sal­ cases, including the 1989 assassination of the vador has encouraged a persistent war in that HON. JAMFS A. McDERMOTI six Jesuit priests and two others; second, civil­ country that has lasted 11 years, killed well OF WASHINGTON ian control of the military so that the people of over 70,000 people, including tens of thou­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES El Salvador can trust their government to pro­ sands of civilians, and reduced the entire Thursday, March 7, 1991 vide them with protection rather than terrorism; country to abject poverty. third, an end to crimes against civilian non­ The United States has been a willing ac­ Mr. MCDERMOTI. Mr. Speaker, today, I am combatants; and fourth, meaningful negotia­ complice in this war, providing over $1 billion introducing the Peace, Democracy and Devel­ tions toward a permanent settlement. It would to the Salvadoran military. At times, we have opment in El Salvador Act. Thirty of my col­ also prohibit covert activity, withdraw military given the Government of El Salvador over half leagues in the House have joined me as origi­ advisors, and transfer withheld aid to a fund of its annual budget. United States military aid nal cosponsors of this legislation, which is also for postwar reconstruction. In short, it sets a has been accompanied by a 400 percent in­ being introduced by Senator BROCK ADAMS in framework for peace. crease in the size of the Salvadoran military. the other body today. For too long, we have heard the same ra­ Yet, we have not fostered a negotiated settle­ Last year, Congress broke important ground tionale from the administration about our pol­ ment. We have not alleviated poverty. We by voting to cut military aid to El Salvador by icy in El Salvador. Claims are made that our have not presided over peace; instead we 50 percent and imposing conditions on the presence in El Salvador has helped instruct have perpetuated and even institutionalized restoration of aid. I commend my colleagues, the Salvadoran military to respect human war. the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. MOAK­ rights abuses and that our aid is essential to I hope this year Congress and the adminis­ LEY] and the gentleman from Pennsylvania maintain the fragile democracy that exists and tration will recognize at last that we cannot re­ [Mr. MURTHA] for their skill and leadership on to end the civil war. But when you cut through peat the mistakes of the past in El Salvador. this issue. the rhetoric, one fact remains: Eleven years of It is time for a new policy to promote peace in But, for all practical purposes, we stand military aid have failed to bring peace to El this country that has suffered so long and so here today in the same place we were a year Salvador. Despite the genuine efforts of Salva­ terribly. ago-we are still sending $85 million to El Sal­ doran President Alfredo Cristiani, the military H.R.- vador in military aid and the violence still goes lacks accountability and has failed to end its Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ on. The administration announced on January crimes against civilian noncombatants. The resentatives of the United States of America in 15 that the additional $42.5 million in military people continue to suffer from war and repres­ Congress assembled, aid would be released, but not obligated for 60 sion. Death squads continue to execute civil­ SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. days, pending a ceasefire. Since negotiations ians in the middle of the night. The cycle of vi­ This Act may be cited as the "Peace, De­ have not yet produced agreements to achieve olence goes on. mocracy and Development in El Salvador a ceasefire, it is extremely unlikely that the aid The Salvadoran military and the FMLN are Act of 1991". will remain withheld. both responsible for abuses of human rights, SEC. 2. STATEMENT OF POLICY. The intention of the Moakley-Murtha provi­ as we have seen in the Jesuit case and the (a) IN GENERAL.-The principal foreign pol­ sions included in the fiscal year 1991 appro­ killing of three United States airmen earlier icy objectives of United States assistance to priations bill was to encourage negotiations this year. These atrocities will only abate when the Republic of El Salvador shall be--- and respect for human rights by both the Gov­ a permanent settlement to the conflict has (1) to promote political agreements leading to a cease-fire and permanent settlement to ernment of El Salvador and the Faribundo been reached. Withholding aid provides incen­ the conflict in El Salvador, with the Sec­ Marti National Liber~tion Front [FMLN]. Spe­ tives for meaningful compromise at the bar­ retary General of the United Nations or his cific conditions were laid out which, upon gaining table. Until then, neither side is likely designated representative serving as an ac­ being met, could restore or further cut military to stop the killing. tive mediator between the opposing parties; aid, thus providing incentives for each side to Our aid affirms the notion that a military so­ (2) to foster greater respect for basic work for a peaceful settlement to the conflict. lution to this conflict is possible. Until we take human rights and the rule of law; and But, as many of my colleagues have ex­ the lead in dispelling this notion by ending our (3) to advance political accommodation, pressed in a recent letter to President Bush, own military involvement, the war will con­ national reconciliation, and demilitarization in El Salvador. the President selected certain conditions to tinue. This war does not have to rage indefi­ (b) RoLE OF DIPLOMACY.-lt is the sense of cite when restoring aid and neglected others nitely. A framework for peace has already Congress that the United States shall use di­ that, if imposed, would have cut aid. One of been established. Promising negotiations with plomacy to encourage both the Government those conditions required that military aid the United Nations are taking place, but a res­ of the Republic of El Salvador and the should be cut further if progress was not made olution of many major issues, including military Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front in prosecuting all those responsible for the reform and the prosecution of human rights (hereinafter in this Act referred to as the murder of six Jesuit priests and two others at cases, has yet to occur. FMLN) to: the University of Central America on Novem­ In his announcement of his intention to re­ (1) participate in good faith negotiations designed to achieve a cease-fire and perma­ ber 16, 1989. store full military aid, President Bush sent a nent settlement of the conflict in El Sal­ Just over a year ago, I returned from a trip signal to the Salvadoran military that all is well vador; to El Salvador with the Moakley task force to and that business as usual can resume. If his­ (2) adhere to the terms of the agreements investigate the murder of the Jesuits. At that tory is any indication, this move will only per­ signed by them in Geneva, Switzerland on time, it was clear that the investigation was petuate the war. It has already been followed April 4, 1990, and in Caracas, Venezuela on not proceeding swiftly. Today, little progress by the massacre of 15 civilians, the detention May 21, 1990, and in San Jose, Costa Rica on has been made to prosecute those who pulled of journalists, and the burning down of the op­ July 26, 1990 and the trigger and nothing has been done to iden­ position newspaper headquarters. (3) encourage and support the active role of the Secretary General of the United Nations tify those who ordered this egregious act. Yet, Today, we intend to send a different signal. or his designated representative in advanc­ the President apparently overlooked this fact It is time to reverse our policy in El Salvador. ing proposals on the outstanding issues de­ when he decided to release the additional mili­ The war in the Persian Gulf prompted a new fined by the Caracas accords, in order to help tary aid. and important debate about when to wage war resolve the conflict. The Peace, Democracy and Development in and when to seek peace throughout the world. (c) INSTITUTIONS AND RIGHTS IN EL SAL­ El Salvador Act avoids this type of unilateral One of the important lessons of that crisis has VADOR.-Recognizing that the terms of the judgment by the President by cutting military been that we cannot allow human rights agreements reached between the Govern­ aid 100 percent and then requiring that, after ment of the Republic of El Salvador and the abuses to go unchecked. Amnesty Inter­ FMLN must be the work of the parties them­ the President reports that certain conditions national has been documenting gross viola­ selves, the Congress affirms its support for have been met, Congress must vote on the tions of human rights in El Salvador for years, an outcome that promotes democratic insti­ restoration of aid. A thorough analysis of the just as it has in Kuwait for the past 6 months. tutions and practices in El Salvador and en­ activities of the Salvadoran Government as Our failure to address the tyranny and brutality hances respect for internationally recognized March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5609 human rights. These include social and polit­ (a) the March 25, 1980 assassination of the Government of El Salvador and rep­ ical liberties, a functioning and independent Archbishop Oscar Romero; resentatives of the FMLN have reached a judicial system, a system of labor relations (b) the January 1981 murders of two United permanent settlement to the conflict, in­ in which internationally recognized workers States land reform consultants Micheal cluding an agreement on an end to hos­ rights are respected, free and fair elections Hammer and Mark Pearlman and the Salva­ tilities. in which all individuals and parties in Salva­ doran Land Reform Institute Director Jose (b) TRANSFER OF CERTAIN MILITARY ASSIST­ doran society may participate, and the sub­ Rudofo Viera; ANCE FUNDS.-Upon notification of the Con­ ordination of military power to civilian au­ (c) the October 1989 bombings of the gress of a permanent settlement of the con­ thority. FENASTRAS headquarters in which ten flict, including an agreement on an end to (d) ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE.-Cognizant trade unionists were killed; hostilities, or on September 30, 1992, if no of the murders at the University of Central (4) the Government of El Salvador is com­ such notification has occurred prior to that America on November 16, 1989, and the mur­ plying with international standards of re­ date, the President shall transfer any United der of United States military personnel in spect for humanitarian and medical workers States military assistance withheld pursuant eastern El Salvador on January 2, 1991, the (as defined by the 1949 Geneva Conventions to Section 3 of this Act to the Fund. Congress views the full and effective resolu­ and the 1977 Protocols to the Geneva Conven­ (C) USE OF THE FUND.-Notwithstanding tion of the investigation, prosecution and tions); any other provision of law, amounts in the trial of those responsible for participating (5) while the negotiations process for a Fund shall be available for El Salvador sole­ in, ordering, or protecting those involved in final settlement continues, steps have been ly to support costs of demobilization, re­ these murders as an important objective of taken to effectively place the Salvadoran training, relocation, and re-employment in United States policy, and as one of crucial military under the control of the elected ci­ civilian pursuits of former combatants in the measure of the willingness of the parties to vilian government, including the separation conflict in El Salvador, of the monitoring of the conflict to take needed steps to protect of all police functions from the command a permanent settlement and an end to hos­ basic human rights in El Salvador. and control of the Armed Forces of El Sal­ tilities, and of assistance to help meet the (e) RoLE OF UNITED STATES ECONOMIC As­ vador and the reconstitution of the police reconstruction and development needs of ci­ SISTANCE.-lt shall also be the policy of the force directly responsible to, and under the vilian populations, including the resettle­ United States to provide economic assist­ control of, a civilian authority; ment of persons displaced within, and of ref­ ance which supports reconstruction, eco­ (6) the Government of El Salvador is nego­ ugees returning to, El Salvador. nomic development, and social justice in El tiating in good faith to achieve a cease-fire (d) DURATION OF AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.­ Salvador. and a final political settlement of the con­ Notwithstanding any other provision of law, SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON MILITARY ASSISTANCE flict in the Republic of El Salvador; amounts in the Fund shall remain available TO EL SALVADOR (7) the Government of El Salvador has not until expended. (a) WITHHOLDING UNITED STATES MILITARY rejected a plan for the settlement of the con­ SEC. 7. ADDRESSING THE ROOT CAUSES OF WAR ASSISTANCE.-Notwithstanding any other flict which has been put forth by the Sec­ IN EL SALVADOR. provision of law, United States military as­ retary General of the United Nations or his (a) PROHIBITION.-None of the funds appro­ sistance allocated for El Salvador for fiscal designated representative in accordance with priated pursuant to chapter 4 of part II of the year 1991 and prior fiscal years which has not the terms and procedures in the April 4, 1990 Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to been obligated, expended, or otherwise made Geneva Communique and the May 21 , 1990 economic support fund) may be obligated or available to the Government of El Salvador Caracas Accord between the Government of expended as balance-of-payments assistance as of the date of enactment of this Act, and El Salvador and the EMLN; or cash assistance for El Salvador. all military assistance allocated for El Sal­ (8) the Government of El Salvador has not, (b) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR CERTAIN vador for fiscal years 1992 and 1993, shall be through its military and security forces, as­ PROJECTs.-All of the funds appropriated withheld from obligation or expenditure, sassinated or abducted civilian noncombat­ pursuant to chapter 4 of part II of the For­ unless- ants, has not engaged in other acts of vio­ eign Assistance Act of 1961 for El Salvador (!)the President determines and reports in lence directed at civilian targets, and has shall be available only for projects for child writing to the Congress that the conditions not failed to control such activities by ele­ nutrition, health, clean water, basic edu­ in subsection (c) are met; and ments subject to the control of those forces. cation, agrarian reform (including research, (2) the Congress enacts a joint resolution (d) ExCEPTION.-Notwithstanding sub­ credit, and physical inputs) and other basic authorizing provision of that assistance. section (a), military assistance funds may be human needs of the people of El Salvador. In considering whether to enact a joint reso­ disbursed to pay the cost of any contract Such assistance shall be provided, wherever lution under paragraph (2), the Congress penalties which may be incurred as a result practicable, through private and voluntary shall take into account whether or not the of such withholding of funds. organizations or other non-governmental or­ stated commitments of the FMLN to observe SEC. 4. WITHDRAWAL OF MILITARY ADVISORS ganizations. internationally recognized human rights and FROM EL SALVADOR. (c) CONDITIONS REGARDING ADMINISTRATION to pursue good faith negotiations for a None of the funds authorized to be appro­ OF FUNDS.-Assistance under chapter 4 of peaceful settlement to the conflict leading priated by this or any other Act may be obli­ part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to a cessation of hostilities, have been ful­ gated or expended for the stationing of Unit­ for El Salvador shall be used only for pro­ filled. ed States military personnel in El Salvador grams and projects which are independent of (b) DEFINITION.-For purposes of subsection as either trainers or advisors to the Armed military operations, which are planned and (a) the term "United States military assist­ Forces of the Republic of El Salvador. administered by civilian agencies or organi­ ance" means (1) assistance to carry out SEC. 5. COVERT OPERATIONS. zations, and which are implemented solely chapter 2 (relating to grant military assist­ None of the funds authorized to be appro­ by civilian agencies and organizations. ance) or chapter 5 (relating to international priated under any provision of law may be (d) ASSISTANCE FOR NONGOVERNMENTAL AND military education and training) of part II of obligated or expended to finance covert oper­ INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS.- (!) the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 , and (2) ations in El Salvador or to provide covert Not less than 10 percent of the funds avail­ assistance to carry out section 23 of the military assistance to the Government of the able for El Salvador under chapter 4 of part Arms Export Control Act. Republic of El Salvador. II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall (c) CONDITIONS.-The conditions referred to SEC. 6. ESTABLISHMENT OF A FUND FOR CEASE· be provided through independent private and in subsection (a)(l) are that- FIRE MONITORING, DEMOBILIZA· voluntary organizations, organizations affili­ (1) all those responsible for ordering and TION, TRANSITION TO PEACE, AND ated with the churches in El Salvador, and caiTying out, or obstructing the investiga­ RECONSTRUCTION. intergovernmental organizations such as the tion into, the November 16, 1989 murders of (a) ESTABLISHMENT OF FUND.- There is United Nations Childrens' Fund, the United Father Ignacio Ellacuria; Father Ignacio hereby established in the Treasury of the Nations Development Program and the Pan Martin-Baro; Father Segundo Montes; Fa­ United States a fund to assist with the cost American Health Organization. Priority ther Armando Lopez; Father Joaquin Lopez of monitoring a permanent settlement of the shall be given to independent, nonpolitical, y Lopez; Father Juan Ramon Moreno; Julia conflict, including a cease-fire, the demobili­ private, and voluntary organizations with a Elba Ramos; and Celina Ramos have been ap­ zation of combatants in the conflict of El demonstrated ability to conduct programs prehended and brought to justice; Salvador and their transition to peaceful that benefit the poorest segments of Salva­ (2) internationally recognized workers' pursuits, and reconstruction of the country, doran society. rights have been extended to Salvadoran which shall be known as the " Demobiliza­ (2) For purposes of this subsection, the workers; tion, Transition, and Reconstruction Fund" term " churches" means the Roman Catholic, (3) the Government of El Salvador has pur­ (hereafter referred to as the " Fund" ). Lutheran, EpiscoJ¥1-1. Baptist, and Mennonite sued all legal avenues to bring to trial and Amounts in this Fund shall be available for Churches. obtain a verdict of those who ordered and obligation and expenditure only upon notifi­ (e) QUARTERLY REPORTS.-Every three carried out- cation by the President to the Congress that months, the Administrator of the Agency for 5610 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 International Development shall submit to ness and education bond issue. The college felt that we were rapidly closing in on an envi­ the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the has exhausted all alternative funding sources ronmentally sensitive and sensible approach Committee on Appropriations of the House for the money necessary for the library's com­ to ANWR that would be acceptable to a major­ of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Ap­ pletion. ity of the Members in the House. propriations of the Senate a report on the We are seeking Federal funding of the Last Congress, I and some of my col­ obligation, disbursement, and use of the project's remaining balance of $3 million and leagues introduced another ANWR bill, H.R. funds for programs authorized by this sec­ solicit our colleagues support in this worth­ 1600, which was based in large measure upon tion. while endeavor. We hope our colleagues will our earlier bill, H.R. 3601. The disastrous oil SEC. 8. CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW. view this legislation as an opportunity to make spill in Prince William Sound occurred soon Funds available for El Salvador under sec­ a wise Federal investment which will be thereafter, however, and elevated the passage tion 6 or under chapter 4 of part II of the shared by generations to come. of comprehensive oil spill legislation to the top Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 may only be of my legislative agenda. While we were suc­ obligated or expended subject to the proce­ cessful in passing such legislation, it did not dures applicable to reprogramming notifica­ INTRODUCTION OF H.R. 1320, THE tions under section 634A of the Foreign As­ occur until well into the second session of last sistance act of 1961. NATIONAL FISH AND WILDLIFE Congress, again leaving no time to address ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 1991 the question of oil and gas leasing on ANWR. The bill I have introduced today, H.R. 1320, FEDERAL INVESTMENT IN A NEW HON. WALTER B. JONES is very similar to H.R. 1600 from the 101st GLASSBORO STATE COLLEGE LI­ OF NORTH CAROLINA Congress and H.R. 3601, as reported out of BRARY FACILITY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES my committee in 1988. Since today's bill is so similar conceptually to my previous legislative HON. WIWAM J. HUGHES Thursday, March 7,1991 efforts, I would like to reflect for a moment OF NEW JERSEY Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, upon some of the key concepts which have today I have introduced H.R. 1320, the Na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been central to all of my ANWR bills. tional Fish and Wildlife Enhancement Act of First, I have asserted that the status of Thursday, March 7,1991 1991, along with a bipartisan coalition of Mem­ ANWR as a national wildlife refuge requires a Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, I am introducing bers who are deeply committed to both fish higher standard of care than might otherwise legislation today on behalf of Congressman and wildlife conservation and the cautious and be required for oil development on multiple­ ROBERT ANDREWS and myself which author­ prudent development of this Nation's energy use public lands. My bills also have high­ izes the Secretary of Education to make a resources. This bill addresses one of the most lighted the role of the Director of the U.S. Fish grant to Glassboro State College for the con­ hotly debated natural resource issues before and Wildlife Service and have mandated that struction of a new library facility. Congress-the question of whether oil and the Service remain in complete control of any Glassboro State College is a 20D-acre cam­ gas leasing should be authorized on the oil and gas leasing program for ANWR. These pus located in the southern New Jersey coun­ coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife bills have addressed this objective by estab­ tryside in the town of Glassboro. Many of you Refuge [ANWR]. Because of the recent war in lishing some of the toughest environmental may be familiar with Glassboro due to its his­ the Persian Gulf, this debate has taken on a standards ever applied to oil development in torical significance. Because of its convenient tone of deadly seriousness. this country. By way of example, my bills have location, halfway between New York and This is the third consecutive Congress in consistently banned the past North Slope Washington, DC, Glassboro State College was which I have introduced legislation regarding practice of pumping reserve pit fluids out onto chosen as the site of the historic conference oil and gas leasing on the coastal plain of the tundra. I should add that as a result of in 1967 between President Johnson and So­ ANWR. This issue was the subject of well past controversy surrounding this questionable viet Premier Kosygin. The town of Glassboro over 20 hearings in both Houses during the disposal practice, the two major operators at has been named summit city because of that 1OOth Congress. My own committee, the Com­ Prudhoe Bay have begun changing their drill­ renowned Hollybush Summit Conference. mittee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, held ing operations to eliminate this practice alto­ Glassboro State College opened its doors to seven of these hearings in which we ad­ gether. Perhaps our firm legislative position 250 students in 1923. Today, there are more dressed a wide variety of issues ranging from prohibiting reserve pit fluid disposal on the than 8,500 full-time and part-time students en­ the environmental track record of the oil indus­ surface area of ANWR contributed in some rolled at Glassboro State. try at Prudhoe Bay to the anticipated impact of small way toward facilitating this decision. In The Jerohn J. Savitz Library at Glassboro, oil development on the wildlife resources of any event, it illustrates how the bill has at­ named after the first Glassboro State presi­ ANWR. The diversity of these issues has been tempted to anticipate and mandate the im­ dent, is the largest library in southern New reflected in the diversity of the bills introduced provement of waste management practices for Jersey. It contains more than 280,000 vol­ on this subject. Some of my colleagues would oil development on the North Slope of Alaska. umes and over 38,000 microforms and sub­ designate the 1.5 million acres of the coastal Another consistent key element in all of my scribes to 1,845 periodicals. The college li­ plain as wilderness, while others would author­ ANWR proposals has been the premise that if brary received Federal depository status in ize an immediate oil and gas leasing program the natural resources of a national wildlife ref­ 1963, allowing for public access to Govern­ for the entire area with the revenues primarily uge are to be commercially developed, there ment information. Today, the Federal deposi­ going to the State of Alaska. ought to be an overall net benefit back into tory at Glassboro State has a collection of During the 1OOth Congress, I and Rep­ fish and wildlife conservation and the national over 107,458 items. resentatives JOHN DINGELL and LINDSAY THOM­ wildlife refuge system. H.R. 3601 and H.R. How we access and process this informa­ AS introduced a bill, H.R. 3601, which at­ 1600 would have accomplished this by dedi­ tion will be critical to moving our society for­ tempted to define the middle ground between cating most of the Federal revenues gen­ ward. Such information is becoming our coun­ these opposing positions. The bill as intro­ erated by . ANWR for wetland and wildlife ref­ try's most important national resource. As the duced contained a variety of ideas designed to uge acquisitions and the establishment of a United States and the world enter the 21st frame key issues and generate spirited de­ major new fish and wildlife enhancement trust century, we need to invest in programs that bate.· By the time my committee went into a fund. This would have generated a much will enhance this valuable source of knowl­ markup on ANWR legislation in the spring of needed boost in Federal funding for fish and edge and bring it to an even greater number 1988, our thinking had evolved considerably, wildlife conservation activities in this country. of Americans. as reflected in an amendment in the nature of While some might object to dedicating Federal Due to Glassboro's tremendous growth, the a substitute which I offered to my original bill. revenues for this particular purpose, this ap­ college has undertaken the ambitious project Ultimately, my substitute language was adopt­ proach is consistent with long-standing Fed­ of constructing a new facility to house its li­ ed by the committee and H.R. 3601, as eral wildlife policy regarding the use of reve­ brary collection. Over three-quarters of the amended, was ordered reported from the com­ nues generated by commercial activities within funds required for completion of the $16 mil­ mittee with majority support from both parties. refuges. Since the 1935 passage of the Ref­ lion facility have been raised through tuition Although the 1OOth Congress ended before uge Revenue Sharing Act (16 U.S.C. 715(s)), receipts and a New Jersey jobs, competitive- further action could be taken on H.R. 3601, I revenues generated by commercial activities March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5611 within wildlife refuges have been placed within there is one thing that has been shown to be tion to foreign oil supplies. I have not included the refuge revenue sharing fund. Moneys in true in the global oil market these days, it is energy conservation· measures in my ANWR this fund are used to compensate local juris­ that the market is highly volatile and capable bill for the simple reason that it is beyond the dictions for lost tax revenues and to acquire of unpredictable swings. The crisis in the Per­ jurisdiction and expertise of my committee. additional wildlife refuges. H.R. 3601 and H.R. sian Gulf has demonstrated most clearly how However, I am prepared to support the addi­ 1600 were, therefore, consistent with this 55- uncontrollable the roller coaster ride can be tion of realistic energy conservation amend­ year-old Federal wildlife policy regarding ref­ when the price for your oil is dictated by ments to my ANWR bill if offered by a commit­ uge generated revenues. events beyond the borders of our country. I tee with jurisdiction over energy matters. Try­ While H.R. 1320 alters some of the spend­ am reminded of a letter I received 2 years ago ing to solve our oil supply problems by focus­ ing mechanisms found in my past bills, its from an environmental group urging me to ing exclusively on production-or for that mat­ overall fiscal goals remain the same. My pre­ forego oil development on ANWR because, ter, by focusing exclusively on conservation­ vious proposals would have put most of the among other things, they noted that the price is like trying to ride a bicycle with only one Federal revenues from leasing on ANWR into of oil was only $13 a barrel. In the past few tire. You need both tires, and you need to use a new fish and wildlife enhancement trust months we have seen the price of oil sky­ them simultaneously, if you want to make any fund. Expenditures from this fund would have rocket to almost $40 a barrel. Although the been automatic and not subject to further ap­ price has dropped back down to under $23 a forward progress. Thus, by opening up ANWR propriation. Although it would still be my per­ barrel, these figures reflect how unpredictable now and by initiating oil conservation meas­ sonal preference to dispose of ANWR reve­ the oil market we depend upon can be. ures, we can maximize the effectiveness of a nues in this fashion, last year's budget rec­ I believe that we will be doing the country a national energy program. onciliation agreement and past objections from serious disservice if we cast our vote on In summary, H.R. 1320 picks up where H.R. the Appropriations Committee have required ANWR based upon past low prices for oil. A 3601 and H.R. 1600 left off and improves their the modification of our revenue proposals. much more relevant question is what will be provisions even further. It is a better and H.R. 1320 would now direct that all Federal oil the price of oil in 10 years-the length of time stronger bill due to the additional adjustments and gas leasing revenues from ANWR be de­ it will take to get the first drop of ANWR oil which have been made since last October. posited into a new account at the U.S. Treas­ into the Alaskan pipeline. Given the wild gyra­ The bill has also benefited from the extensive ury called the national wildlife refuge system tions the global oil market can go through in hearing record generated before various com­ enhancement fund. This fund would be some­ a few short months-let alone in 10 long mittees of Congress. This record, the result of what similar in nature to the highly successful years-it is obvious why last summer's oil close to two dozen hearings, brings me to a land and water conservation fund, although prices can be a slender reed to lean on in final point. During the previous Congress, a the purposes of the new fund would be fo­ casting one's vote on ANWR. The uncertainty number of environmental groups petitioned the cused entirely on improving the status of the of the world oil market is a primary reason President and the Secretary of the Interior to Nation's national wildlife refuge system. Reve­ why the twin goals of conservation and en­ redo the section 1002 report with the assist­ nues placed into the fund from ANWR would hanced production must be pursued simulta­ ance of the National Academy of Sciences. In remain part of the fund until appropriated by neously and not sequentially. their petition, the groups listed various areas an act of Congress for wildlife refuge en­ The above key concepts were central to in the section 1002 report which they found hancement projects. This approach addresses H.R. 3601 and H.R. 1600 and they are central deficient and cited other reports or studies the concerns of the Appropriations Committee to H.R. 1320. In providing further information which were critical of oil industry operations on but avoids the current situation with the land on H.R. 1320 I would like to include in the the North Slope. and water conservation fund where the annual CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a briefing paper sum­ With all due respect to the petitioners, halt­ unappropriated balances of the fund disappear marizing key parts of the bill. I would also like ing further congressional consideration of into the general revenue stream at the U.S. to note what is not in the bill. First, while H.R. ANWR in order to revise and produce a new Treasury. Revenues in the national wildlife ref­ 1320 has deleted H.R. 3601's Manton amend­ section 1002 report ignores completely the vo­ uge system enhancement fund would be avail­ ment dealing with labor issues and ANWR, no luminous record already generated by Con­ able for a variety of refuge enhancement one should interpret this as an antilabor move gress. We are now into our fifth year in deal­ projects ranging from the cleanup and removal on my part. Quite to the contrary, I expect that ing with this issue. Regardless of what one of contaminants to the initiation of energy con­ during mark up the committee will approve thinks about the merits or deficiencies of the servation programs for the buildings and vehi­ some sort of labor provision dealing with original section 1002 report, Congress is well cles utilized on wildlife refuges. This is a sen­ ANWR. The current absence of such a provi­ beyond that report in its analysis of the var­ sible approach, it will benefit the Nation's wild­ sion in my bill merely reflects my desire to ious environmental and economic issues asso­ life refuges, and it does not run· afoul of last give labor and the oil industry more time to ciated with ANWR. I am not persuaded that year's reconciliation budget agreement. reach an agreement on this issue. Congress should stop further consideration qn Apart from the question of revenues, an­ Similarly, today's bill deletes a provision ANWR until a better section 100? report is de­ other central premise of my ANWR bills has added to H.R. 3601 which would have banned veloped. Whatever the deficiencies in that re­ been that neither Congress nor the country the export of oil out of ANWR. This deletion is gains anything by putting off for 2 or 3 addi­ not due to my opposition to the concept. I sup­ port, they have been more than adequately tional years a final decision on oil develop­ port it and intend to vote for it again. I just compensated for by the hearings which have ment of ANWR. Because of our failure to get didn't feel that it was appropriate to attempt to been held. Congress is no longer an unin­ this Nation's energy house in order, our second guess the wishes of my committee on formed decisionmaker on this matter. We are Armed Forces were engaged in combat in the this important matter by including it in my in­ rapidly approaching the point where we will Persian Gulf. On the home front, our domestic troduced bill. have talked this issue to death. The time has production of oil has been seriously eroded. Finally, although H.R. 1320 does not contain arrived to resolve the ANWR debate. I believe .Drilling rig activity is down 75 percent from its any specific proposals regarding the conserva­ that H.R. 1320 takes another important step in peak level of activity in 1981. Crude oil pro­ tion of energy and oil in this country, those that direction. It is a sensible bill that would duction nationwide is at its lowest annual level types of initiatives should logically be included give back more to the national wildlife refuge since 1961, with production in the lower 48 in any final energy package sent off to the system than would be taken. It is tough envi­ States at its lowest level since 1950. These White House for the President's signature. I ronmentally, as witnessed by provisions like are alarming statistics regardless of what must admit to being very disappointed in the the protection it offers for the core calving one's views are on the question of oil leasing administration's unwillingness to include strong area of the porcupine caribou herd. It is, in in ANWR-and while our domestic production energy conservation measures in its long short, a consensus bill that should attract the declines, our dependence on imported oil con­ awaited new national energy plan. This is support of a majority of our colleagues. I and tinues to climb. shortsighted and will simply not solve this the rest of the cosponsors of H.R. 1320 will Last year we imported approximately 47 country's long-term energy problems. I have continue to welcome suggestions for improv­ percent of all of the oil consumed in this coun­ consistently stated that this country must do ing the bill even further. Congress has thought try. This imported oil added $60.7 billion to the two things simultaneously: Conserve more oil about this matter long enough. It is time to put balance of trade deficit for 1990. Moreover, if and produce more oil to eliminate our addic- the matter to a vote. 5612 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 H.R. 1320, KEY CONCEPTS FOR THE NATIONAL uge enhancement projects recommended by violations, up to $100,000 per violation. In the FISH AND WILDLIFE ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 1991 the Director. case of "knowing and willful" violations of 1. Authorizes a carefully controlled leasing 5. Prohibits leasing of the ANWR coastal ANWR oil/gas leasing or wildlife refuge regu­ program for a majority of the 1.5 million plain if the State of Alaska successfully lations, or tampering with environmental acre coastal plain of the Arctic Refuge challenges in court the proposed 50/50 split of monitoring devices on the coastal plain, au­ (ANWR). The initial lease sale is to be held ANWR oil revenues. Thus, no oil leasing thorizes maximum criminal monetary pen­ upon issuance of final oil and gas leasing reg­ would occur unless the Federal government alties as high as provided for under Title 18 ulations. No more than 300,000 acres of the was assured that 50 percent of the revenues of the U.S. Code and up to five years in jail. coastal plain to be offered or leased at any would be placed in the National Wildlife Ref­ Applies the recently enacted Oil Pollution one time, with lease sales held no more fre­ uge Enhancement Fund. Act of 1990 to the entire coastal plain as ad­ quently than once every two years. 6. Protects the coastal marine environ­ ditional liability and cleanup authority for ment of ANWR by granting the Directors of any oil pollution/spills on the coastal plain 2. Establishes a 260,000 acre " Protective of ANWR. Management Zone" (PMZ) in the coastal FWS, the National Marine Fisheries Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and 11. Requires the preparation of a hazardous plain of the Arctic Refuge (ANWR) which in­ waste and oil spill contingency plan, includ­ cludes approximately 95% of the Porcupine Game new authority to impose mandatory terms and conditions on Federal permits or ing identification of potential spill sub­ caribou herd's "core calving" area. Would stances, proposed response, removal and dis­ prohibit within the PMZ all surface occu­ authorizations for port facilities and offshore causeways abutting the coastal plain of posal plans. In addition, requires proposed pancy and use for oil and gas activities in­ measures for the immediate protection, res­ cluding the granting of rights-of-way for ANWR (this would follow the existing ap­ proach in Section 18 and Section 30(c) of the cue and rehabilitation of all fish and wildlife transportation and utility corridors. Re­ Federal Power Act for the approval of small that might be affected. Contingency plans stricts surface occupany to "essential" oil hydro projects). Allows no more than two also include personnel training and testing. facilities within a 1.5 mile buffer zone around port facilities along the entire coastal plain, 12. Establishes exclusive new authority for the PMZ. including lands owned by the Kaktovik FWS to grant rights-of-way across the coast­ 3. Reaffirms existing Federal national Inupiat Corporation, and prohibits marine al plain (Title XI of ANILCA dealing with wildlife refuge law requiring the Director of facility development in the Pokok Bluffs transportation and utility corridors in Alas­ the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) to area and other parts of the coastal plain con­ ka would not apply). No rights-of-way for have the ultimate m_anagement authority taining concentrated polar bear denning pipelines or roads to be granted until the and control over an oil/gas leasing program habitat. first Federal lease sale has been held for the ·on ANWR. The Director of FWS would be au­ 7. Establishes a 3-mile wide coastal "insect coastal plain. Similarly, no rights-of-way are thorized, however, to enter into cooperative relief zone" for caribou, with surface occu­ to be granted for an oil or gas pipeline unless agreements with the Directors of BLM and pancy in the first 1.5 miles inland from the an adequate reclamation plan has been pre­ the Minerals Management Service to gain coast generally limited to necessary marine pared for the restoration of the right-of-way their assistance in running the technical, ge­ facilities and pipelines from offshore cause­ area, and unless the applicants for the right­ ological and financial aspects of an oil/gas ways. The only exception to this restriction of-way have established and will fund a leasing program on the coastal plain. All en­ would be that on a case-by-case basis and Coastal Plain Reclamation Fund designed to vironmental matters associated with such a subject to the approval of the Director of ensure adequate reclamation of the coastal program would remain under the control of FWS, Federal oil and gas leaseholders and plain upon completion of oil or gas activi­ FWS. other non-Federal land owners within the in­ ties. Applies to requests for rights-of-way 4. Overturns the 1981 Watt v. Alaska Su­ sect relief zone may locate development and ANWR from Native and State lands off-ref­ uge, a~ well as from Federal lands within the preme Court decision which barred FWS production wells to within one-half mile of from receiving the revenue from oil and gas coastal plain. Prohibits the granting of any the coast when necessary to gain access to pipeline right-of-way which crosses the leasing on any national wildlife refuge which shallow oil and gas deposits that could not was established by the withdrawal of lands Aichilik River and currently designated wil­ otherwise be reached by slant drilling 1.5 derness areas in ANWR adjacent to the Cana­ from the public domain. Under the holding of miles from the coast. Within the area 1.5 to Watt v. Alaska as applied to ANWR, Alaska dian border. 3 miles from the coast, allows only "essen­ 13. Requires the use of smokeless flares or would get 90%, and the U.S. General Treas­ tial" facilities (drilling pads, production fa­ ury would get 10%, of all oil and gas leasing comparable technology to reduce black cilities, pipelines and roads that are not eco­ smoke emissions, as well as the use of imper­ revenues from the coastal plain; no revenues nomically/environmentally feasible if situ­ would go to FWS or be used for wildlife con­ meable reserve pits. Prohibits the surface ated outside the 3-mile zone). All "non­ disposal of reserve pit fluids on the roads or servation, despite the fact that leasing and essential" oil support facilities are barred the tundra of the coastal plain. production would be taking place within a from the insect relief zone entirely. 14. Prohibits oil and gas activity near the national wildlife refuge. The National Fish 8. Authorizes FWS and Alaska's Depart­ Sadlerochit Springs are due to its sensitive and Wildlife Enhancement Act of 1991 would ments of Fish and Game and Environmental and unique environment. direct that with the exception of wildlife ref­ Conservation to recover from the oil/gas les­ 15. Prohibits general public access on pipe­ uges in Alaska, all future oil and gas leasing sees agency planning, monitoring and en­ line service roads and restricts sport hunting revenues from withdrawn or reserved refuges forcement costs for regulating oil and gas and fishing on the coastal plain by oil field would be placed into the Refuge Revenue operations on the coastal plain. Requires as crews. Oil lessees would be liable for civil or Sharing Fund, helping to eliminate the cur­ a condition of such reimbursement, that ade­ criminal penalties for hunting or fishing vio­ rent large deficit in that Fund. Oil and gas quate agency personnel be continuously lations by their employees. leasing royalties and revenues from ANWR available on the coastal plain to monitor and 16. Authorizes the creation of a Coastal and the new Teshekpuk-Utukok National enforce the environmental provisions of this Plain Reclamation Fund by the applicants Wildlife Refuge would be divided 50/50 with Act and other Federal law. for any oil or gas pipeline right-of-way the State of Alaska. The Federal share of 9. Creates a new 23.5 million acre across the coastal plain. No right-of-way for revenues from these two refuges would be Teshekpuk-Utukok National Wildlife Refuge an oil pipeline can be granted prior to the used to establish a new account at the U.S. out of the National Petroleum Reserve-Alas­ creation of the Fund. Fund to be used to en­ Treasury called the National Wildlife Refuge ka (NPRA) to the west of Prudhoe Bay. Im­ sure adequate cleanup and reclamation of Enhancement Fund. Monies in this perma­ poses a five-year moratorium on additional the coastal plain after completion of oil pro­ nent Fund would be expended, subject to ap­ oil/gas leasing in the new refuge with any duction and transportation activities, should propriations, to promote national wildlife further leasing subject to the requirements the lessee or right-of-way holder fail to ade­ refuge enhancement projects in the following of the 1966 National Wildlife Refuge System quately reclaim the land. The specific fund­ areas: (a) refuge contaminant assessment Administration Act. No additional oil and ing mechanism for creating the Fund would and cleanup; (b) refuge water rights quan­ gas leases to be issued in Teshekpuk Lake be left up to the rights-of-way applicants as tification and acquisition; (c) refuge energy area due to the exceptionally high value of long as it creates the equivalent revenue conservation and efficiency improvement the area for migratory waterfowl. [This pro­ stream of S.05 per barrel of oil for the Fund. programs; (d) fish and wildlife refuge re­ posal is consistent with action taken twice 17. Requires the bonding of oil and gas les­ search programs with special emphasis on by the House in 1978 and 1979 to make NPRA sees and rights-of-way holders to ensure that the effects of development and pollution on a national wildlife refuge.] adequate funds will be available for the rec­ fish and wildlife and the habitat needs of ref­ 10. Enhances the law enforcement authori­ lamation of the coastal plain upon comple­ uge nongame species; (e) enhancement of ties of the Director of FWS and increases the tion of development activities and for emer­ sport fishing programs on national wildlife penalties for violation of ANWR oil/gas leas­ gency cleanup responses to spills, fires or refuges; (f) acquisition of Native inholdings ing or wildlife refuge regulations. Authorizes other accidential discharges. within Alaskan units of the National Wild­ civil penalties of up to $20,000 per such viola­ 18. Adopts the key management standard life Refuge System; and (g) other wildlife ref- tion, or in the case of pipeline regulation of "no significant adverse effects" to govern March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5613 and control oil and gas leasing on ANWR. assistance to six rural subsistence villages This measure, passed without opposition in Since the potential for a huge oil field sig­ and the North Slope Borough government both Chambers, represented the dedication of nificantly increases the likelihood of Con­ which might be affected by an ANWR oil and Congress to the welfare of our troops abroad. gressional approval for oil leasing in ANWR, gas leasing program. All across the Nation, American citizens joined the traditional management standard for 31. All geological and geophysical field controlling activities in national wildlife ref­ data and drilling information is to be pro­ in strong support of the men and women who uges (the "compatibility test") was not cho­ vided to the Secretary, with prescribed regu­ served in the Persian Gulf war. As one ex­ sen for ANWR, to avoid creating an inappro­ lations to assure confidentiality. pression of this common purpose, the city priate precedent as to what that standard council of Fairlawn, OH, a community in the means for other wildlife refuges. 14th District of Ohio which I represent, adopt­ 19. Given the extensive analysis of environ­ RIVERSIDE COMMUNITY COLLEGE ed the following resolution on February 18. I mental impacts in the Department of the In­ CELEBRATES 75TH ANNIVERSARY would respectfully request that it be included terior's Section 1002 Report, directs that no additional environmental analysis needs to in the RECORD. be prepared prior to publication of general HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. A RESOLUTION SUPPORTING ALL MEMBERS OF leasing regulations. However, requires addi­ OF CALIFORNIA THE ARMED SERVICES NOW SERVING THE tional NEPA documentation for all subse­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN THE PERSIAN quent lease sales. GULF 20. Stresses the need to consolidate facili­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 Whereas, numerous men and women are ties to the maximum extent possible to avoid Mr. BROWN. Mr. Speaker, I wanted to now serving as members of the Armed Serv­ unnecessary duplication and needless surface share with my colleagues the many accom­ ices of the United States of America in the disturbance of the coastal plain. Also man­ Persian Gulf, and; dates the development of an aggressive waste plishments of Riverside Community College, the largest institution of higher learning in my Whereas, regardless of personal opinion management system focusing on waste re­ concerning the war, the United States has duction and recycling versus simple waste congressional district. Its current enrollment is made the decision to place armed combat disposal. 22,000. The college was established in 1916, troops in that area of the world, and; 21. Requires public review and comment on making it one of the oldest community col­ Whereas, the full support and gratitude of all proposed Plans of Operations submitted leges in California. On March 13, 1991, River­ the residents of the City of Fairlawn is ex­ by oil companies for exploratory drilling or side Community College will celebrate its 75th tended to those who are bravely and proudly for development and production. anniversary. serving our country: Now, therefore, be it 22. FWS given authority to suspend or can­ Resolved by the Council of the City of Fairlawn, cel oil leases due to unforeseen environ­ The college offers associate in arts and as­ sociate in science degrees, as well as certifi­ Ohio: mental hazards. Section 1: That the Administration and 23. FWS directed to impose siting restric­ cates in more than 40 occupational and ap­ Council hereby express to President George tions and seasonal limitations on oil activi­ plied technology fields. The college is opening Bush and all members of the Armed Forces ties in order to avoid adverse effects to sig­ two major campuses on the same day-March of the United States of America their whole­ nificant wildlife breeding, calving, denning, 13, 1991-in Moreno Valley and Norco. Dur­ hearted support and gratitude in their ef­ nesting and staging areas, and to significant forts to liberate Kuwait and end the oppres­ fish spawning, over-wintering and rearing ing the past decade, four values have been in­ tegral to the college and its expansion to a sion of the Iraqi government. habitats. Section 2: The Mayor and Council hereby 24. Bars permanent roads in support of ex­ single-college, multicampus district: Teaching excellence, student centeredness, learning en­ urge all citizens to voice their gratitude and ploratory drilling operations; requires the support of each man and woman now serving use of helicopters, ice roads, airplanes and, vironment, and tradition. under limited circumstances, certain off­ our country in the Persian Gulf. As part of its commitment to students, the Section 3: That it is hereby found and de­ road vehicles. college solicits and awards more than 25. Restricts the removal of water for oil termined that this legislation complies with operations from existing streams, lakes and $250,000 in scholarships to students each Section 121.22, O.R.C. regarding notification springs, especially in natural fish-bearing year, and it is presently completing a success­ of meetings and all deliberations of this water bodies during the winter. ful $1 million endowed scholarship campaign. Council pertaining hereto have been con­ 26. Prohibits exploratory drilling on a Riverside Community College is an impor­ ducted in accordance therewith. township of Native-owned land within the tant resource for our community, but it also Section 4: That the Clerk be requested to coastal plain, until after the first lease sale send a copy of this Resolution to President has made its mark nationally. In the past year Bush, Senators Metzenbaum and Glenn, and authorized under the Act. Exploratory drill­ alone, RCC fielded State and national football ing allowed for three townships of Native­ Congressmen from this area. owned land adjacent to the coastal plain champions; the RCC Marching Tigers was the Section 5: This Resolution shall be in full upon date of enactment of this Act but sub­ first band ever to be chosen as the lead unit force and effect from and after its adoption jects Native operations to environmental in the Hollywood Christmas Parade, the Tour­ and approval by the Mayor or at the earliest controls for rest of coastal plain and requires nament of Roses Parade in Pasadena, CA, period allowed by law. FWS approval of all plans of operation. Re­ and Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade; RCC's peals Section 1003 of ANILCA for Native­ Forensics Team was ranked third in the Na­ owned part of original coastal plain simul ta­ tion; RCC was chosen as a national site for RECOGNITION GIVEN TO C. RASEH neously with the holding of the first Federal hydrogen energy research and development; NAG! OF BROOKLYN lease sale for the coastal plain. For remain­ ing three townships of Native lands adjacent and, RCC was one of only six California col­ to coastal plain, Section 1003 is repealed as leges to be selected as a site for a Center for HON. CHARLES E. SCHUMER of the date of enactment of the Act. International Trade Development. OF NEW YORK 27. Prohibits the location of permanent oil It is with pride that I ask my colleagues to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES facilities within three-fourths of a mile from join me in saluting this very special institution Thursday, March 7,1991 rivers specially designated by the Secretary on its 75th anniversary. as having sensitive riparian habitat. Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, today I would 28. Overturns past Federal District Court like to call attention to a highly respected edu­ case which held that the Director of FWS cator in my community, C. Raseh Nagi. Since has no regulatory authority over reserved SUPPORT FOR U.S. FORCES IN THE (private) oil and gas activities within na­ PERSIAN GULF 1963, Ms. Nagi has served as an outstanding tional wildlife refuges. Would authorize the teacher, administrator, and innovator in the Director to impose economically reasonable HON. TIIOMAS C. SAWYER field of education. In recognition of her dedica­ environmental terms and conditions on such OF OHIO tion and her outstanding gifts, she has re­ private mineral activities within national IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cently left district 22 in Brooklyn to assume the wildlife refuges. position of superintendent of district 28 in 29. Amends the National Wildlife Refuge Thursday, March 7, 1991 Queens. We are sad to see her go, for she System Administration Act by adding a gen­ eral statement of purposes for the National Mr. SAWYER. Mr. Speaker, on January 18 will be sorely missed by the students, parents, Wildlife Refuge System. this House passed a resolution expressing our and fellow educators of Brooklyn. 30. Authorizes appropriations for "local unequivocal support for the members of the Raseh has been a leader throughout her ca­ impact aid" programs to provide financial Armed Forces stationed in the Persian Gulf. reer as an educator. From her first days as a 5614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 fledgling teacher at Roy H. Mann in I.S. 78, Employment Act, we must make certain that grettably, our city currently has more bill­ she proved that creativity and dedication on the deep-rooted economic discrimination in boards than most cities in America. This is an the personal level can have a dramatic impact Ireland is ended. honor we can do without. on the education of our children. For this reason, I continue to heartily sup­ While the Highway Beautification Act was Ms. Nagi has had so many outstanding port the MacBride principles for American initially successful in controlling the number of achievements in her long and distinguished firms doing business in Northern Ireland. billboards in this country, the law has been ig­ career that there are literally too many to list. These principles of fair employment and anti­ nored, indeed perverted by a small but power­ Nevertheless, some of her accomplishments discrimination serve as a model for a future ful group of billboard lobbyists. The sad fact is are so vital to our community that I cannot generation of employment opportunities. that every year, five to six times more signs pass up this opportunity to mention them. For Further, since American companies provide are put up than taken down. A complete dis­ instance, Raseh developed a foreign language for over 10 percent of employment in Northern tortion of the Highway Beautification Act's program which received the James E. Allen Ireland, we have the opportunity to moral obli­ original intent. Distinguished Foreign Language Program gation to fight against the discrimination in This distortion was primarily the result of a Award, and was instrumental in establishing Northern Ireland. the Center for Intellectually Gifted Students at On a more positive note, we are elated by devastating amendment the billboard industry J.H.S. 240. In her administrative capacity, she the imminent release of the Birmingham Six managed to push through Congress in 1978 personally investigated and wrote proposals after almost 17 years of imprisonment. During which required cash payment for nonconform­ which increased the number of competitive the recent High Court hearing in London, the ing signs that were removed. In one crippling grants received by the district by $10 million. British Director of Public Prosecutions, Sir stroke, the amendment assured that cities like Raseh is also widely respected in our com­ Allan Green, stated that the convictions of the Houston could simply not afford to require bill­ munity and throughout the State as an innova­ six were neither "safe nor satisfactory." How­ board removal, especially since the billboard tive educator of the first degree. For example, ever, as you may know, the six defendants lobby also worked to cut back Federal match­ she created a student-based computer data have decided to press on with an appeals ing funds. bank capable of enabling district 22 to more court hearing in order to fully prove their inno­ Houston, for example, which established closely follow the educational progress of pu­ cence beyond any doubt. size and height criteria for billboards and pils from prekindergarten through junior high Regretably, Joe Doherty must continue his banned new off-premise signs in 1980, cannot school. Brooklyn is also extremely proud of struggle for freedom. On several occasions require nonconforming signs along Federal the district's Early Identification Learning Dis­ since his imprisonment in 1983, judgment has highways to be removed. Even the city's mod­ abilities Program, which Ms. Nagi developed been rendered in favor of Joe Doherty in court est efforts to fine owners of illegal signs have and which was the first program of its kind in hearings in the United States, yet he still re­ been stymied by lawsuits and a successful the State. mains in the Metropolitan Correction Center in lobbying blitz in 1985 that severely weakened Ms. Nagi has been a crusader in education New York. His case will now be brought be­ our city ordinance through State legislation. during her career at district 22. The many pro­ fore the highest court in the land, our U.S. Su­ While repeated efforts in Congress to rectify grams she developed over the years will un­ preme Court, in order to settle the question of this troubling situation and restore the original doubtedly have a continuing impact on district his right to a hearing on political asylum. It is goal of Lady Bird Johnson have been unsuc­ hoped that the facts will triumph and after 7 22 for years to come. I would like to take this cessful in the recent past, a new chance to time to commend her for her past accomplish­ years of imprisonment, Joe Doherty will finally eliminate the billboard blight has arrived. ments, to thank her on behalf of the parents be able to seek asylum in the United States. and children of Brooklyn, and to encourage Mr. Speaker, let us pause on this St. Pat­ The Visual Pollution Control Act of 1991 is her to continue her record of outstanding serv­ rick's Day to reflect on the events that have being introduced today by my colleagues, ice in the future as superintendent in district taken place throughout the world during the John Lewis and Clay Shaw. I am proud to be 28. past 8 months, and to resolve to work toward a cosponsor of this important piece of legisla­ a just and longlasting peace for the too-long­ tion because it represents a significant oppor­ embattled island of Ireland so that they too tunity for positive change. ST. PATRICK'S DAY 1991 may enjoy the fruits of liberty, justice, and The bill has several strong provisions to freedom. control billboards. Most importantly, it would HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN restore to State and local governments the OF NEW YORK ability to use their own land use authority to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES THE TIME FOR BILLBOARD control or remove existing billboards. It also REGULATION IS NOW Thursday, March 7, 1991 imposes a moratorium on construction of new billboards along Federal highways. Finally, this Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to HON. MICHAEL A. ANDREWS measure would prohibit the billboard industry rise again this year to call to the attention of OF TEXAS from destroying trees on public lands simply to our colleagues to the fact that St. Patrick's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Day is nearly upon us. This feast is not only make the signs more visible. It should also be the national holiday of the Republic of Ireland, Thursday, March 7, 1991 noted that the bill will not require the removal it is also a special day for the Irish and the Mr. ANDREWS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, of any legally erected billboards. Irish at heart throughout the world. upon passage of the Highway Beautification During the original debate over billboard Some 1,500 years have gone by since St. Act in 1965, President Lyndon Johnson said control, President Lyndon Johnson argued that Patrick drove out the snakes and converted he hoped the bill would "bring the wonders of "it is in the best interest of neither the adver­ the Emerald Isle. It is altogether fitting and nature back into our daily lives." At the per­ tising industry nor the Nation to permit a fur­ proper that St. Patrick be remembered on this sonal urging of Lady Bird Johnson, Congress ther decrease in our natural beauty." I agree day, for he has served as a constant inspira­ passed this landmark legislation and gave a wholeheartedly with President Johnson's senti­ tion to the Irish for the past 15 centuries. clear mandate for the preservation of the sce­ ments. In these times of devastating pollution With the light of democracy and freedom nic resources along our Nation's roadways. To and increasing urban erosion, I believe we now shining forth from the darkest points, and President Johnson, billboard control was an must be diligent in our efforts to preserve our with the liberation of Kuwait, we are reminded important step toward improving our quality of remaining scenic resources. it is inspiration, faith, and perseverance that is life. Mr. Speaker, the time has come for those of so surely needed in Northern Ireland. Trag­ Twenty-six years later, many Americans cer­ us who want to bring the wonders of nature ically, the fundamental divisive problems in tainly agree. Our country's increasingly large, back into our daily lives to restore the strength Northern Ireland remain the same, despite the increasingly numerous billboards are irritating of the Highway Beautification Act. I look for­ overwhelming worldwide changes. eyesores, ruining the scenery along our high­ ward to working with my colleagues in the Unemployment in Northern Ireland remains ways and detracting from the beauty of our days ahead toward passage of the Visual Pol­ among the highest in all of Western Europe. country. They have also become an impedi­ lution Control Act of 1991. While changes have been made in the Fair ment to attracting new jobs to Houston. Re- March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5615 AMERICAN SMALL BUSINESs-OP­ OFFICE OF THE MAYOR, TOP GUN AWARD WINNERS PORTUNITY TO HELP REBUILD Corvallis, OR, February 21, 1991. KUWAIT Hon. MIKE KOPETSKI, House of Representatives, Longworth House Of­ HON. SAM GIBBONS fice Building, Washington, DC. OF FLORIDA HON. DENNIS E. ECKART DEAR MR. KOPETSKI: On February 12, 1991 , IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a remarkable event took place in Corvallis. OF OHIO Individuals from more than twelve groups Thursday, March 7, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that disagree about the Persian Gulf war Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, once again it is reached an agreement that they hope will be­ with great pleasure that I rise today to recog­ Thursday, March 7,1991 come the basis for a movement. The twenty-two individuals who drafted nize an outstanding group of schools in my Mr. ECKART. Mr. Speaker, I am introducing community which have been honored for their a resolution exhorting the Small Business Ad­ the enclosed statement, "Common Ground: A Community Response to the Persian Gulf achievements under chapter 1 of the Edu­ ministration [SBA] and other governmental Crisis," are affiliated with the American Le­ cation Consolidation Improvement Act. agencies to provide assistance to American gion, the Oregon State University Coalition I am referring to 64 public and private ele­ small businesses seeking to aid in the rebuild­ to Stop the War, Veterans of Foreign Wars, mentary schools in Hillsborough County, FL, ing of Kuwait. Alpine School District, First Presbyterian which are being honored as "Top Gun" Mr. SISISKY and I, and others in Congress, Church, Beyond War, Corvallis City Council, schools. This award recognizes their achieve­ as well as the small business community are and many more. They are seeking support ments in scoring at or above the State exem­ concerned that large corporations will domi­ from the groups to which they belong and plary level on their reading and mathematics nate the contract award process and very they have asked me to send you their state­ test scores. . competitive small businesses will be shut out. ment and request that you help spread the message of reconciliation. As you know, the chapter 1 basic program Small businesses in northeast Ohio and is part of the largest Federal-aid-to-education other areas of the country are tremendously This group has no agenda other than the one stated in Common Ground. They want program in history. Chapter 1 classes provide competitive, and in large part responsible for everyone to work to assure enmity, harass­ remedial reading and math programs over and keeping our trade deficit from growing even ment, and violence do not occur in this na­ above what is normally available for all stu­ more. But it is very difficult for smaller busi­ tion within communities and families. They dents. nesses to gain access to a contract bidding believe we all desire a world without war. ECIA plays an important role in the battle process that occurs half way around the world. Please help spread the message. against illiteracy and is recognized nationwide Our agencies can help them get that access. Sincerely, for its contributions to educational advance­ This resolution also urges SBA to conduct a R. CHARLES VARS, Jr., · Mayor. ment. On Monday, March 11, Hillsborough public information campaign to advise small County Public Schools will hold its third annual businesses about the opportunities in the gulf. awards ceremony and banquet to honor those More than half of the men and women serv­ COMMON GROUND: A COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO schools which have worked so diligently to ing in the gulf will return to jobs with small THE PERSIAN GULF CRISIS achieve results above and beyond what is nor­ businesses. Those firms deserve to be af­ We are concerned that the nation, commu­ mally expected. forded the same opportunities as other busi­ ni ties, friends, and sometimes families find Mr. Speaker, for the RECORD, I would like to nesses. themselves divided as the Persian Gulf crisis insert the names of those outstanding schools Small business owners know that successful progresses. In some communities, this has with my deep appreciation for a job well done. led to enmity, harassment, and violence. We international trade is becoming an increasingly CHAPTER 1 BASIC "TOP GUN" SCHOOLS important part of our economic vitality. Those are determined to make an effort so that it who have called my office, those I've spoken not happen in our community. READING to, realize that opportunities are available. We recognize that we disagree as to what *Anderson *Mitchell They want a chance to participate. our national policy should be. But we find *Apollo Beach *Mt. Calvary that there are areas upon which we can agree *Ballast Point *Oak Park and which can be stated succinctly and sim­ **Bellamy *Orange Grove ply: *Broward *Pinecrest COMMON GROUND: A COMMUNITY 1. We see a possibility that the emotional *Bryan, Tampa *Potter RESPONSE TO THE PERSIAN trauma of the conflict may lead to over-gen­ *Burney-Simmons *Riverhills GULF CRISIS eralization concerning differences of opinion, *Cahoon *Riverhills Christian religion, or race and lead to suspicion, har­ *Chiaramonte *Riverview assment, discrimination, or violence. We *Christ the King *Robinson HON. MIKE KOPETSKI pledge ourselves to work to prevent that *Clairmel *Roosevelt from occurring in our community. *Cleveland *Sacred Heart OF OREGON 2. We deeply respect the sanctity of all *Cork *Shaw IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES human life. *Crestwood *Shore 3. There is sometimes a tendency to stereo- *Dickenson *St. Joseph Thursday, March 7, 1991 type and villainize those with whom we dis- *Dunbar *St. Lawrence *Edison *St. Patrick Mr. KOPETSKI. Mr. Speaker, the country agree. There are people of good will on all *Egypt Lake *St. Peter Claver stands united in gratitude for the men and sides. *Foster *Sulpher Springs women who serve in our Armed Forces and 4· We disapprove of wars of aggression. 5. We have disagreements among ourselves *Grady *Tampa Bay the work they have accomplished. As many about national policies, but we disapprove of *Graham *Thonotosassa observed in this Chamber, this was not a time the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq. *Jackson *Tinker to allow disagreement over tactics degenerate 6. The death, abject misery, pain, and suf- *Just *Town & Country into partisan bickering. fering of combatants and civilians alike, *Lanier *Trapnell *Lee *Twin Lakes Recently, I received a letter from a constitu- along with the destruction and damage to *Lincoln *Villa Madonna ent and friend of mine, the Honorable Charles the economic systems, infrastructure, and *Lockhart *West Shore Vars, mayor of Corvallis, OR. On February 12, environment caused by war, defy description. *Lomax *West Tampa 1991, citizens representing 12 diverse groups A quick end to fighting in the Middle East *Mabry *Williams with differing views and opinions on the gulf could limit the costs. *Mango *Wimauma 7. Support for people in the armed services situation met and formulated an e Ioquent . and their families must be rendered by the *McDonald *Witter statement, entitled, "Common Ground: A community and the nation during and after *Mendenhall Community Response to the Persian Gulf Cri- the war. MATHEMATICS sis." I am entering this statement, as well as a. All of us long for a world order under the *Broward *Clairmel Mayor Vars' promulgating letter, into the leadership of a strong international peace­ *Bryan, Tampa *Foster RECORD, and I encourage my colleagues to keeping body. We desire a world without *Cahoon *Grady read it and share it with your constituents. war. *Christ the King *Graham 5616 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 *Incarnation *St. Lawrence TRIBUTE TO WENDELL GIVENS proud-Steve Givens, of Carlsbad, NM, and *Just *St. Patrick his dear mother, Mrs. Nester J. Givens of *Lanier *Sulphur Springs Mayfield. *Lockhart *Thonotosassa HON. CARROll HUBBARD, JR. *McDonald *Tinker OF KENTUCKY My wife, Carol, and I extend to Joanne, *Mt. Calvary *Trapnell IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Steve, and Mrs. Nester Givens our sympathy. *Pinecrest *Twin Lakes Thursday, March 7, 1991 *Riverhills Christian *Villa Madonna *Sacred Heart *West Ta:rppa Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, Wendell *St. Joseph *Wimauma Givens, a highly respected former editor of the EDITH AND DENNIS MERIEL: Mayfield Messenger, a 6-days-a-week news­ FAMILY OF THE YEAR DR. CARL E. WILLIAMS, SR. paper in my hometown of Mayfield, KY, died last December 10, at age 62 at Mayfield's HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS Community Hospital. HON. NITA M. LOWEY OF NEW YORK Wendell Givens worked for the Mayfield OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES newspaper for almost 30 years, retiring last Thursday, March 7, 1991 October. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Those of us who knew and were friends of Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, it is with great Thursday, March 7, 1991 pleasure that I rise today to pay tribute to an Wendell Givens remember him as an out­ outstanding individual in the Brooklyn, NY, reli­ standing journalist whose integrity, fairness, Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, the gious community, Dr. Carl E. Williams. and efficiency were truly extraordinary. Young Israel "Family of the Year" is being Dr. Williams was born in Burgaw, NC, on Givens was hired as a reporter-photog­ honored this Sunday. This year's recipients March 7. He was raised in a steadfast reli­ rapher in June 1963 by the late Ray Edwards, truly merit this lofty distinction. Dennis and gious environment. As a result of his careful former Messenger publisher. Edith Mehiel of Armonk, NY, have set an ex­ upbringing, he was inspired to preach the Prior to being named as its editor, he ample of community service that any family word of God. worked as the paper's sports editor and later would do well to emulate. With his extensive qualifications and back­ spent several years in the paper's graphics Dennis Mehiel is a shining model of individ­ ground it is clear to discern how he has be­ department before returning to the news de­ ual success. With the help of a small business come the inspirational leader that he is today. partment where he remained until his retire­ administration loan, Dennis and his brother, He attended Brooklyn College, Gammon ment. Chris, founded the Four M Corp. in 1966. Theological Seminary in Atlanta, Shelton Col­ Givens was a 1946 graduate of Mayfield Thanks to the drive and energy of its found­ lege in New York City, and Trinity Hall College High School, and obtained his degree in jour­ ers, Four M has become a packaging power­ and Seminary in Springfield, IL. nalism from the University of Missouri in 1950. house, employing over 1,400 people in 19 Dr. Williams is best known for his ability to A veteran of the Korean war, Givens taught plants nationwide. serve the community in whatever capacity that English at Symsonia High School and was Dennis' prodigious talents have not been fo­ he is needed. Many are thankful to him for later employed at the Union Carbide plant cused only on his business, however. He has helping them to overcome various problems near Paducah, prior to joining the staff at the always seen community service as an impor­ that they have endured. For example, he has Messenger. tant part of his life, and has devoted countless worked with programs dealing with anti­ In addition to his work with the newspaper, hours to a variety of civic and charitable orga­ poverty, day care, and juvenile delinquency. Givens served with several civic and industrial nizations. He is a trustee of the Windward He has been instrumental in completing hous­ organizations and/or boards, including the School for children with learning disabilities in ing units, such as the St. Nicholas Houses in local community· development agency and the White Plains, and a former trustee of the Manhattan and the Institutional Houses in Optimist Club, among others. Purnell School in Pottersville, NJ, a unique in­ Brooklyn. Also, he has helped to start the New In commenting on his retirement in October, stitution serving girls who have faced difficul­ York Christian Academy, a Bible college, a Messenger Editor Mike Turley said: ties in traditional competitive schools. nursing home, and a senior citizens complex. Wendell's three decades of service to this He also serves on the American board of For many years he has worked with com­ community as an articulate, caring and re­ overseers of Israel's Bar-llan University, and is munity organizations. For example, he is affili­ sponsible journalist have been invaluable in the first non-Jew to ever serve on the board ated with the Ministers Alliance in Brooklyn, the day-to-day operations of this newspaper. of governors of Yeshiva University's the National Council of Churches, and the His efforts-notably, the detailed series of Wurzweiler School of Social Work. He is a Brooklyn Protestant Council of Churches. "Purchase Personality" profiles he's written member of the advisory boards of the Mount Since its inception, Williams has been very ac­ for scores of interesting individuals from Vernon Neighborhood Health Centers and the across the area-touched the lives of many. tive with the Church of God in Christ Inter­ They included not only those about whom he Hellenic American Neighborhood Action Com­ national. In 1951, he became the pastor of the was writing, but also the thousands of read­ mittee. Additionally, he is a former director of Institutional Church of God in Christ, which he ers who were able to share in the enjoyment, Family Services of Westchester and United and his wife Elvonia founded. Moreover, the entertainment and education-provided by Way of Northern Westchester. church has grown so immensely since that those profiles-through his words. I would especially like to commend the fine time that it had to relocate to a new facility lo­ And, prior to his work as a feature writer, job that he is doing as chairman of our West­ cated at 170 Adelphi Street in Brooklyn, NY. Wendell was recognized by a whole genera­ chester County Democratic Party, where his Within the Church of God in Christ Inter­ tion of young athletes in this area when he efforts have been greatly appreciated. worked as the paper's Sports Editor. national, he has served in many capacities As a reporter and an editor, Wendell prob­ Edith Mehiel has also made a number of such as chairman of the board of directors, ably has more experience in dealing with significant contributions to the life of the West­ chairman of Christian Education, and diocesan more officials and administrations in both chester community. She is a board member of bishop of New York, Connecticut, and Florida. the city and county governments here than the Westchester Conservatory of Music, and In 1976, he was appointed vice presiding bish­ anyone now connected with any local media has lent her abilities to the Northern West­ op and chairman of the college of bishops. In outlet. chester Center for the Arts, the Council for the 1978 he was elected senior presiding bishop "His experience as a reporter and editor Arts in Westchester, and the March of Dimes. titular head of the church. and his talents as a writer will be sorely She is also engaged in a variety of worthwhile It is important to recognize persons such as missed at the paper," Turley added. "But the projects in conjunction with the Church of the Dr. Williams who have used their energies to personal friendship he nurtured among the Holy Trinity. It is safe to say that Westchester positively effect others. He has been a dedi­ staff will be missed even more. And, the ex­ County is truly a more beautiful place thanks cated worker, as well as an inspiration to the ample he set as a calm, quiet man of char­ to the efforts of Edith Mehiel. people of Brooklyn. No matter if the need has acter and integrity will be the absence felt I offer my sincere congratulations to Dennis, been for food, shelter, education, or assist­ most of all." Edith, and their five children, as well to Young ance in spiritual development, he has unself­ His survivors include his talented and attrac­ Israel for having the wisdom to recognize that ishly stood up as a forerunner for humanity. tive wife, Joanne, one son of whom he was so this truly is the Family of the Year. March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5617 REMARKS BY MR. HYMAN I shall never forget that moment when the Spaceport Florida Authority was created to BOOKBINDER Senate was about to cast the vote that would stimulate the development of a commercial mean final passage· of the measure. I had launch facility and related infrastructure at been invited to sit in a reserved Senate gal­ Cape Canaveral and Cape San Bias, FL. The HON. ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON lery, and found myself sitting right behind OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Coretta King. When the overwhelming vote spaceport's mission will assist in the revival of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was announced, the Senators looked up and the U.S. aerospace industry in an increasingly competitive international market. Thursday, March 7, 1991 waved at Mrs. King. She smiled back and turned to embrace her two sons seated by her The legislation Mr. BACCHUS and I have in­ Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, Hyman Book­ side. She then turned around, embraced me, troduced today would simply clarify that the in­ binder has been one of the great warriors and said, "This holiday is for you too." She terest earned on bonds issued by the Space­ against poverty and inequality in our genera­ couldn't have said anything more appro­ port Florida Authority would be exempt from tion. He has spent his life seeking to bridge priate. That is what I'd been trying to say all Federal taxation. We already provide this tax along. I could only hope that all my fellow misunderstanding and to promote unity of pur­ treatment for bonds issued to finance airports, pose among groups that have been excluded Jews, and all Americans, would see it that way. docks and wharves, mass commuting facili­ from the full measure of the American prom­ I have a final story to tell. It too reminds ties, and high-speed intercity rail facilities. The ise. With seeming limitless energy, he contin­ us that despite differences that do exist be­ development of commercial space industry in ues the struggle. No wonder he was honored, tween blacks and Jews on particular issues the United States is no less important. along with the distinguished former Chief from time to time, we can and do share one Finally, let me be careful to note that this Judge Spotswood Robinson of the U.S. Court another's pain, we can and do unite on com­ legislation, while promoting maximum benefit of Appeals for the District of Columbia, at the mon goals. It was ten years ago. Bayard at minimum cost, will not only benefit Florida, Martin Luther King, Jr., holiday celebration re­ Rustin and I were members of President Carter's Commission on the Holocaust. We but the entire Nation. It will aid and encourage cently held at the Israeli Embassy. I insert Mr. the development of spaceport infrastructure Bookbinder's remarks into the RECORD: were among the 15 Americans who were on a mission to Europe to examine concentration across the country, and move us into the 21st REMARKS OF HYMAN BOOKBINDER AT KING camps and Holocaust memorials, to help us century. I am submitting along with this state­ HOLIDAY SERVICE make appropriate recommendations for an ment for inclusion in the record a description I cannot conceive of any ceremony or any American memorial. On the third or fourth of present law and explanation of proposed personal honor that could be more gratifying day, we were at Birkenau, the murder fac­ amendment. than this one. I do not exaggerate when I say tory next to Auschwitz. An outdoor memo­ thi's, because in this single event there is rial service was being held. Elie Wiesel, our THE SPACEPORT FINANCING ACT blended in the most poignant manner the chairman, spoke as only he can. A cantor DESCRIPTION OF PRESENT LAW two central themes and goals of my personal chanted the sacred prayer for the dead. As Present law allows exempt facility bonds and professional life for half a century. To be we were about to depart, Bayard's eyes to be issued to finance certain transpor­ honored for my efforts over the years to help caught mine. Instinctively, I just said, tation facilities, such as airports, docks and make real our nation's commitment to "Would you?" He nodded, and I asked the wharves, mass commuting facilities, high­ equality-and to do it in the Embassy of the group to remain. Bayard spoke no words. Ac­ speed intercity rail facilities, and storage or State of Israel-is to dramatize what I have companied only by the soft winds of the vast training facilities directly related to the felt all my life and which I have tried to get expanse, he started to sing. foregoing. Except for high-speed intercity others to understand. The right of blacks Oh, freedom, oh freedom, oh freedom over rail facilities, these facilities must be owned and Hispanics and Native Americans, of by a governmental unit to be eligible for every group, of women, to be treated fairly me; And before I'd be a slave, such financing. Exempt facility bonds for and to be accepted as full partners in our airports and docks and wharves are not sub­ pluralist society is part of the general strug­ I'd be buried in my grave, And go home to my Lord and be free. ject to the private activity bond volume cap. gle for freedom that includes the right of my Only 25% of the exempt facility bonds for a people, the Jewish people, to be treated fair­ At that moment, on the spot where mil­ lions of Jews had been consumed, tears were high-speed intercity rail facility require pri­ ly and be accepted as full partners in a plu­ vate activity bond volume cap. ralist world. The struggle for Israel's secu­ being shed in their memory, but also in rity is a vital part of that universal struggle memory of the millions of blacks robbed of Airports for freedom. their dignity and their freedom over the Treasury Department regulations provide Today's ceremony is one more manifesta­ years. that airport property eligible for exempt fa­ tion of Jewish commitment generally, and to At this moment, here, let us once again cility bond financing includes facilities that Israel's commitment specifically, to the pledge to try to understand each other's are directly related and essential to servic­ dream for social justice so forcefully and elo­ pain-but also to share each other's prayers ing aircraft, enabling aircraft to take off and quently articulated by Martin Luther King. for peace and freedom for all people. land, and transferring passengers or cargo to Only one month ago, I was moved by an ex­ or from aircraft, but only if the facilities ample of how this commitment is not theo­ must be located at, or in close proximity to, retical, but one implemented in reality. THE SPACEPORT FINANCING ACT the take-off and landing area to perform Riding in a bus from the Tel Aviv airport to these functions. (See Treas. Reg. Sec. 1.103- Jerusalem, the Israeli guide told us that on HON. E. CLAY SHAW, 8(e)(2)(11)(a).) The regulations also provide that day a record number of immigrants had JR. that airports include other functionally re­ arrived, over 2000, including some 300 black OF FLORIDA lated and subordinate facilities at or adja­ Jews from Ethiopia. And then, her voice IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cent to the airport, such as terminals, hang­ cracking, she told of the scene she had per­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 ers, loading facilities, repair shops, mainte­ sonally witnessed only hours earlier. "I saw nance or overhaul facilities, and land-based two Ethiopian Israelis," she said, "emotion­ Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, today I, along with navigational aids such as radar installations. ally embracing their two young children my Florida colleague Mr. BACCHUS, have intro­ (See Treas. Reg. Sec. 1.103-8(e)(2)(1i)(b).) Fa­ from whom they had been separated when duced legislation that will promote and en­ cilities the primary function of which is they left for Israel seven years earlier." hance America's ability to compete in the manufacturing rather than transportation I feel compelled to ask this question. What commercial space industry in the 21st century. are not eligible or exempt facility bond fi­ other country, white or black, has applied it­ The U.S. space program is in the process of nancing. (See IRC Sec. 142(c)(2)(E); see also self so diligently to bring in tens of thou­ Rev. Rul. 77-186, 1977-1, C.B. 22 (facility pri­ sands of black people and make full citizens restructuring in response to foreign competi­ tion, new technology needs, and Federal marily used for constructing supertankers); of them? Rev. Rul. 77-324, 1977-2, C.B. 37 (facility pri­ That this recognition today should come in budget limitations. This restructuring process marily used by a manufacturer for customiz­ connection with the King holiday makes it has presented the States with unique opportu­ ing and structurally modifying new air­ especially precious. I was an early supporter nities to develop inventive programs aimed at craft).) of the legislation, and I testified several assisting the national space effort, and to de­ Public use requirement times, emphasizing that such a holiday velop mutually beneficial partnerships to share would not only be honoring a great Amer­ Treasury Department regulations provide ican, a great black American, but would give the task of maintaining U.S. leadership in . generally that, in order to qualify as an ex­ all Americans the opportunity to remember space enterprise. empt facility, the facility must serve or be the universal message of justice and brother­ In 1989 the State of Florida created the Na­ available on a regular basis for general pub­ hood that Reverend King had preached. tion's first space transportation authority. The lic use, or be a part of a facility so used, as 5618 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 contrasted with similar types of facilities RECOGNITION OF BARNETT tends; the factory, farm or office where he that are constructed for the exclusive use of AUGUST works. Such are the places where every man, a limited number of nongovernmental per­ woman and child seeks equal justice, equal sons in their trades or businesses. (See dignity without discrimination." Treas, Reg. Sec. 1.103--8(a)(2) & 1.103-8(e)(l).) HON. Bill GREEN As Americans, we believe that the denial of For example, a private dock or wharf leased OF NEW YORK to and serving only a single manufacturing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES human rights in a country is not just an inter­ nal affair; it is a matter for the world. Our for­ plant would not qualify as a facility for gen­ Thursday, March 7,1991 eral public use, but a hangar or repair facil­ eign policy has traditionally included concern ity at a municipal airport, or a dock or a Mr. GREEN of New York. Mr. Speaker, I for the life, liberty, and welfare of the individual wharf, would qualify even if it is leased or rise today to recognize my constituent and citizens of other nations. Therefore, the United permanently assigned to a single nongovern­ good friend, Barnett August. Barney has been States has the responsibility to the improve­ mental person provided that such person di­ chosen as the Bowling Green Association's ment of the human rights conditions in the rectly serves the general public, such as a honoree for the Lifetime Of Achievement world. common passenger carrier or freight carrier. Award in appreciation of his many years of Congress has a long history of trying to im­ Certain facilities, such as sewage and solid service to the city of New York. prove human rights around the world. Some­ waste disposal facilities, are treated in all Mr. August has been the honorary executive times it is our expression of outrage. Some­ events as serving a general public use al­ vice president of the East Side Chamber of times it is the thousands of letters we have though they may be part of a nonpublic fa­ Commerce since 1927, and as such, he is written. Sometimes it is our policies and diplo­ cility, such as a manufacturing facility used currently the longest serving chamber execu­ macy that try to correct inhumane treatment. in the trade or business of a single manufac­ tive in U.S. history. Throughout his tenure, Very often, Congress is successful. For in­ turer. Barney was responsible for several projects stance, when anti-Semitism was on the rise in Federally guaranteed bonds which have improved the community. He the Soviet Union, subjecting Soviet Jews to Bonds directly or .indirectly guaranteed by should be most proud of his efforts to advance tremendous violence, it was our voice and let­ the United States (or any agency or instru­ the first public housing project in the United ters that helped them seek their freedom. In mentality thereof) are not tax-exempt. (See States, the Astor Houses in New York City. He South Africa, the continuing changes there IRC Sec. 149(b).) The Treasury Department also organized many other public housing have come from American pressure. In East­ has not issued regulations interpreting the projects in the area. . ern Europe, the reawakening of freedom and prohibition of federal guarantees and the In addition to his position on the East Side democracy came after years of concern and scope of the prohibition is unclear. Chamber of Commerce, Barney August has action from this very Chamber. Communism has long been the greatest EXPLANATION OF PROPOSED AMENDMENT held several other prestigious posts such as serving on the advisory board of the U.S. threat to the United States, and we have seen The proposed amendment clarifies that those Marxist countries take great strides in spaceports are eligible for exempt facility Chamber of Commerce, and as past president implementing democratic and economic re­ bond financing to the same extent as air­ of the Civic Executive's Conference of Metro­ ports. As in the case of airports, the facili­ politan New York. The East Side Chamber forms. But the human rights conditions in ties must be owned by a governmental unit gives an annual award known as the Barnett those countries are still the concerns of Con­ to be eligible for such financing. August Public Service Award to individuals gress. The most recent incident is the use of The term "spaceport" includes facilities who have demonstrated their dedication to force by Soviet military on January 13, in Lith­ directly related and essential to servicing serve the people of New York City. That alone uania which resulted in at least 14 deaths and spacecraft, enabling spacecraft to take off or illustrates the recognition that Barney has re­ more than 100 wounded. A week later in Lat­ land, and transferring passengers or space ceived as a proven public servant. via, 4 died and at least 9 were wounded in a cargo to or from spacecraft, but only if the I should like to congratulate Barney upon re­ Soviet military assault on the Latvian Interior facilities must be located at, or in close ceiving this important award from such a dig­ Ministry. Congress immediately passed a res­ proximity to, the launch site to perform nified organization as the Bowling Green As­ olution condemning the use of Soviet military these functions. Space cargo includes sat­ sociation. It is my hope that he continues his force in the Baltic States, indicating that al­ ellites, scientific experiments, and other efforts to better the city of New York. though we were immersed in the Persian Gulf property transported into space, whether or conflict, we were not blinded to human rights not the cargo will return from space. The abuses elsewhere. term "spaceport" also includes other func­ tionally related and subordinate facilities at ESTABLISHING A NEW WORLD Nearly 2 years ago, China's brutal repres­ or adjacent to the spaceport, such as launch ORDER REQUIRES TRUE sion of the thousands of peaceful students control centers, repair shops, maintenance ACHIEVEMENT FOR HUMAN and workers in Tiananmen Square was appall­ or overhaul facilities, and rocket assembly RIGHTS ing. Congress was able to pass a bill mandat­ facilities that must be located at or adjacent ing economic measures against China and to the launch site. HON. MICHAEL A. ANDREWS placing several stringent human rights condi­ The successful commercial exploitation of OF TEXAS tions on the continuation of China's most-fa­ space cannot be achieved without the direct IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vored-nation trading status. support and involvement of the federal gov­ But when the world's attention was focused ernment. It is intended that spaceports shall Thursday, March 7, 1991 on the Persian Gulf, the Chinese Government be treated in all events as serving the gen­ Mr. ANDREWS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, after prosecuted and sentenced the pro-democracy eral public, and that the use of spaceport fa­ defeating tyranny in the Persian Gulf, Ameri­ activists. Many of those who were prosecuted cilities by the federal government will not cans are proud and thankful that we were able had been detained for more than 18 months render such facilities ineligible for exempt to confront Saddam Hussein's aggression and without formal charges. They, as the State De­ facility bond financing. In addition, it is in­ tended that payments by the federal govern­ fight human rights abuses in Kuwait. What we partment stated, "were guilty of nothing more ment of rent, user fees, or other charges for have so far accomplished with our coalition than the peaceful advocacy of democracy." the use of spaceport property will not be partners is truly the first steps down the path There are a lots we need to do in this part of taken into account in determining whether of a new world order. the world. bonds for spaceports are federally guaran­ However, continuing to achieve that new In Central America, the human rights viola­ teed as long as such payments are condi­ order means addressing old problems, namely tions are the greatest concern to the United tioned on the use of such property and are the continued human rights abuses in coun­ States. Congress has pressed those countries not payable unconditionally and in all tries like Cuba, China, the Soviet Union and to improve their human rights conditions, but events. many others. there are more we need to do. For instance, Eleanor Roosevelt once said "Where do Guatemala has been referred by human rights universal human rights begin? In a small monitors as having one of the worst human place, close to home * * *. They are in the rights situations in the world. Between 1986 world of the individual person: the neighbor­ and 1989, Amnesty International documented hood he lives in; the school or college he at- more than 222 political disappearances and March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5619 Guatemala's assistance procurator recorded NORMA JEAN MILLER-A CHAM­ INTRODUCING CAMPAIGN FINANCE 243 political killings in the first 7 months of PION OF CHILDREN AND FAMI­ REFORM LEGISLATION 1990 alone. According to Amnesty Inter­ LIES national, evidence has come to light that Gua­ HON. WAYNE OWENS temala city police and private security person­ OF UTAH nel have harassed, beaten and, in some in­ HON. ALAN WHEAT IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stances, killed street children. The political vio­ OF MISSOURI Thursday, March 7, 1991 lence has reached a disturbing level in recent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, as all of months. us know only too well, our collective desire to On January 16, 1991 , in his inaugural Thursday, March 7, 1991 retain our seats in this august body has cre­ speech, the newly elected President Serrano Mr. WHEAT. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to ated enormous pressures for further and fur­ pledged to protect human rights in his country. bring to the attention of my colleagues in the ther campaign spending. In a war of words This provides us with an excellent opportunity U.S. House of Representatives the outstand­ and wallets, we are escalating toward uncon­ to urge the new President to make human ing contributions made by Norma Jean Miller trollable cost proliferation. It is time for a mutu­ rights a high priority for his government. We to the welfare of the children and families of ally verifiable campaign-spending freeze. hope that Guatemala under the new president Nearly $3 billion was spent in 1988 on all Jackson County, MO. can improve its human rights records. elections in the United States, more than five On March 15, 1991 , Ms. Miller's friends and In El Salvador, we were deeply alarmed times what was spent in 1976. House and coworkers will gather to wish her well as she Senate races alone cost $450 million in 1990, with the news that six Jesuit priests, their retires after 35 years of caring and compas­ housekeeper and daughter were brutally exe­ a fourfold increase since 1976. In my first sionate service to the juvenile division of the election for the House in 1972, I raised cuted under circumstances that appear to be Sixteen Judicial Circuit of Missouri. related to the activity of the right-wing death $130,000. In the last cycle in 1990, I was The hallmark of Ms. Miller's career has forced to raise more than $900,000. Like the squads. The killing of the priests is not only been her commitment to the young people tragic but a moral outrage. I hope that Con­ Federal deficit, campaign costs are spiraling who find their way into the Jackson County ju­ out of control, but unlike the Federal deficit, gress can keep on pressing on this issue. venile justice system. Her specialty has been In Nicaragua, we imposed a trade embargo campaign costs are relatively easy to control, getting them back on the right track and keep­ if we simply exercise the collective will to do against that country to improve the deteriorat­ ing them there. Her dedication has meant a so. ing human rights conditions. I am glad to know better hope for the future for countless Jack­ We need to exercise that will. Public con­ that the situation has changed since then. The son County youths. fidence has been eroded by our costly political election of President Violeta Chamorro on Ms. Miller has ably served the court and her battles. We waste too much of our legislative February 25, 1990, provided a renewed oppor­ community since September 6, 1955. In the time on fundraising. The institution of Con­ tunity for stability and improvement of human past 35 years, she has held a variety of posi­ gress is exposed to undue influence. Last rights conditions in Nicaragua. Our action on tions, ranging from deputy juvenile officer to year, we took some faltering steps toward re­ appropriating $300 million in economic aid to supervisor of the aftercare unit, the division re­ form. This Congress, we must do better. the new government in April 1990 to rebuild sponsible for reintegrating children into the Obviously, money does not influence how the devastating economy and support the community. we vote, but the constant chase for contribu­ country's democracy was a right move. I am Despite the long hours and the demanding tions interferes with our responsibilities as leg­ eager to see more improvements on human circumstances of her job, Ms. Miller has main­ islators. We are raising too much. We are rights in that country. tained a remarkable level of energy and en­ spending too much. The system now in place In India, the human rights abuses including thusiasm for her work and is viewed by her is an insurance policy for incumbents, so the extrajudicial killings by the police, particularly colleagues as an invaluable source of institu­ effort to enact campaign finance reform rep­ in Punjab raised some concerns. The India tional knowledge about the workings of the ju­ resents a leap of faith and fairness. But self­ authorities in attempting to maintain territorial venile division. interest and special interest must give way to integrity resorted to aggressive tactics. Most of Among her many contributions to the well­ the public interest. the victims of the violence are unarmed Sikhs. being of young people in the community has One of the major obstacles to campaign fi­ We hope that this kind of brutal repression will been Ms. Miller's longstanding support for pro­ nance reform has been the Supreme Court's never happen again. grams within the judicial system to aid the vic­ ruling in Buckley versus Valeo in 1976 that the Alexander Hamilton said "The sacred rights tims of child abuse. As manager of the Family first amendment's guarantee of freedom of speech would be violated by mandatory of mankind are not to be rummaged for Attention Center, she effectively worked to spending limits on political races. But there among old parchments or musty records. They bring parents and children who had been di­ are two ways around that prohibition which I vided by a crisis back together again. are written, as with a sunbeam, in the whole am proposing in two pieces of legislation that volume of human nature, by the hand of the She was also instrumental in developing a I am introducing today. divinity itself; and can never be erased or ob­ children's emergency fund in Jackson County First, I am introducing a constitutional scured by mortal power." to help supplement the services of the court. amendment which will: America's concern for human dignity has al­ The fund provides incidental items-such as a Give Congress the power to set its own ways been a central tenet, and we in Con­ new pair of shoes or a high school ring-that campaign spending limits. gress have the obligation and ability to help can really make a difference in a young per­ Extend the terms of Members of House of improve human rights conditions in the world. son's life. Representatives from 2 to 4 years. Four-year We must not turn our heads. We have taken Throughout her career, Ms. Miller has terms would not only cut campaign costs in actions in the past and accomplished some touched tens of thousands of lives with her half, but also allow Congress to legislate with­ achievements. But there is more we need to own personal brand of commitment. Her dedi­ out having to divide its concentration on the do to help people pursue their human rights. cation and concern for the youth of Jackson nearly perpetual campaign. The country needs We must show the politically oppressed that County have set the standard against which fulltime legislators, not legislators torn between the world knows and cares about their fate. all persons in her field are measured. their duties and their campaigns every second Therefore, it is with great admiration and ap­ year as autumn rolls around. preciation that I salute the tremendous con­ Second, I am also introducing legislation tributions made by Ms. Miller to the children which will: establish a system of voluntary in­ and families of our community. I am pleased centives and partial public financing for can­ to join Ms. Miller's friends and colleagues in didates who restrict their total general election honoring her 35 years of service to the juve­ spending to $540,000; limit Political Action nile division and wishing her many more years Committee contributions to $180,000. There is of success. nothing inherently wrong with the concept of 5620 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 PAC's-that is, the voluntary contributions of It is very unfortunate that the Exon-Fiorio gress' institutional leverage on the administra­ individuals with shared goals-but the relative provision was allowed to expire last year when tion's implementation of Exon-Fiorio. For those influence of PAC contributions has become the House, Senate, and administration could of us who have had reservations that the too great when compared to other campaign not come to an agreement on reauthorization Reagan and Bush administrations were effec­ contributions; limit individual contributions to of the Defense Production Act. It is very clear tively implementing the law on some of the $180,000. But the bill will also encourage that Senator EXON, Representative FLORIO, more controversial cases, loss of our institu­ small contributions of $1 00 or less-total­ and other Members who were involved in cre­ tional leverage to effectively oversee and en­ from individuals residing within a congres­ ating this provision in 1988 intended it to be courage improvements, in the Exon-Fiorio sional district by not counting them against the permanent law. We should quickly restore that process is detrimental to our constitutional candidate's total limit for individual contribu­ original intent, and the Exon-Sharp bill will do system of checks and balances. Second, hav­ tions. just that. ing a law of this importance come and go cre­ They provide $180,000 of public financing to Foreign acquisitions of American firms have ates tremendous ambiguities for the inter­ those candidates who voluntarily accept not come to a standstill during Exon-Fiorio's national business community which are also spending limitations through a tax checkoff lapse, and a few very controversial bids-such harmful to America's economic interests. Be­ system similar to that used to finance Presi­ as Fanuc's now-abandoned investment in cause the majority of foreign investments in dential elections. I have long believed in the Moore Special Tool Co.-raise questions as to the United States create jobs, economic merit of public participation in financing con­ how the administration could legally deal with growth, and foster competitive technological gressional campaigns. I first voted during my a foreign takeover which threatened the na­ improvements which advance our standard of first term in the House 17 years ago for public tional security without Exon-Fiorio having full living, having a permanent and predictable financing of congressional campaigns in a bill force of law and regulation. At this time, the statute on the books increases business con­ then offered by Congressman Mo UDALL, one Committee on Foreign Investment in the Unit­ fidence. of the most accomplished and distinguished ed States [CFIUS] may be investigating yet For all these reasons, Exon-Fiorio is too im­ members ever to serve in this body. If chal­ another foreign takeover which raises national portant a law to be allowed to lapse ever lengers are to have any chance at all in most security concerns. And at this time, if the again. Adoption of the Exon-Sharp bill will prcr districts partial public financing is essential. President needed Exon-Fiorio authority to en­ vide the President with uninterrupted power to They impose significant penalties on can­ join that acquisition, he would not have it. By investigate and block foreign takeovers which didates who agree to and then violate vol­ making Exon-Fiorio permanent, we will not may threaten our national security. I urge the untary spending limits. If a candidate does not have to face this grave uncertainty again. incorporation of the Exon-Sharp bill into the accept these voluntary restrictions, an oppos­ Although the administration and Members of reauthorization of the Defense Production Act. ing candidate who does accept them will still Congress may disagree on how Exon-Fiorio is receive partial public financing and other ben­ being interpreted, there is no real debate on efits without being bound by spending limits, a its necessity. Since being implemented by SUPPORT THE VISUAL POLLU­ powerful incentive to all candidates to comply. President Reagan's Executive order in De­ TION CONTROL ACT OF 1991 And they make media incentives available cember 1988, over 500 Exon-Fiorio filings to those candidates who voluntarily accept the have been made with the CFIUS regarding a HON. E. CLAY SHAW, JR. spending limit. Radio and television spots of 1 foreign merger with or acquisition of a U.S.­ OF FLORIDA minute or more which feature the candidate­ owned firm. While this raw number is not an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to discourage negative advertising-would be accurate barometer of how many of those made available for 50 percent of their normal 500-plus takeover actually raised legitimate Thursday, March 7, 1991 unit cost. Those candidates who do not accept national security questions, the CFIUS did find Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, today I, my good spending limits would be required to pay 150 reason to believe that 12 of those foreign friend JOHN LEWIS of Georgia, and over two percent of normal unit cost. takeovers warranted an intensive, second­ dozen of our colleagues will be introducing the This approach would reduce the influence of level investigation. We can only postulate why Visual Pollution Control Act of 1991 , a bill to PAC's, promote individual contributions, and a few of this group of 12 were abandoned or restore the original intent of the Highway level the playing field by providing some public restructured, because the internal workings of Beautification Act of 1965. I am confident pas­ financing for qualified challengers. Given the the CFIUS are largely secret. sage of this legislation will finally bring real many ideas currently being discussed in Con­ More importantly, when President Bush progress toward controlling the proliferation of gress on campaign finance reform and the im­ used Exon-Fiorio authority last year to order billboards. passe which has developed between the CA TIC, a firm owned by the Peoples Republic The Bush administration, recognizing the House and the Senate, I hope these proposals of China, to divest itself of its purchase of need for billboard reform, has proposed similar will be carefully evaluated. Although I have al­ Marnco Manufacturing, the President firmly es­ reform of the existing Federal billboard law in ways lived within the rules of the campaign fi­ tablished both the legitimacy and the necessity its 1991 highway reauthorization proposal. I nancing system, I am becoming more and of Exon-Fiorio. That is because Exon-Fiorio is applaud the President's efforts to make Amer­ more aware of its serious inadequacies. We the last line of defense: its authority is used ica more scenic. can and should provide the electorate with a only when other laws-such as the Inter­ Additionally, over 40 national environmental, competitive election and our opponents with a national Emergency Economic Powers Act, health, conservation, and public sector organi­ fair opportunity to present their views to the export control laws, or foreign ownership, con­ zations support reform of the existing billboard public. We have put this challenge off for far trol and influence [FOC] regulations are inad­ law and have endorsed the Visual Pollution too long. equate to protect the national security. Control Act of 1991. We must restore Exon-Fiorio-our ultimate Like last year's bill, the Visual Pollution Con­ RESTORE EXON-FLORIO TO defense against threatening foreign take­ trol Act will restore to State and local govern­ PERMANENT LAW overs-as soon as possible. At this time, the ments the ability to remove billboards using House and Senate still have differences on their own land use authority. Our bill will also HON. PHIUP R. SHARP how the Defense Production Act will be re­ place a moratorium on new billboard construc­ newed, but the differences are on other is­ tion along Federal-aid highways. Finally, our OF INDIANA sues, such as financial services. In introducing legislation would prohibit the billboard industry IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this bill, I would urge the relevant committees from destroying trees on public rights-of-way Thursday, March 7, 1991 of the House and Senate to assure that in the for the sole purpose of improved billboard visi­ Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, today I introduced short-term and long-term extensions of the bility. legislation, first authored this year in the Sen­ DPA, permanent Exon-Fiorio authority is in­ I believe the Visual Pollution Control Act of ate by J. JAMES EXON, which would make per­ cluded. 1991 is an improvement upon last year's bill­ manent the very important Exon-Fiorio provi­ Aside from protecting the national security, board control legislation [H.R. 3389]. Unlike sion which provides for the review, investiga­ there are two other reasons why making last year's bill, however, the Visual Pollution tion and blockage of foreign takeovers that Exon-Fiorio permanent makes sense. First, al­ Control Act will not require the removal of any could threaten the national security. lowing Exon-Fiorio to lapse weakens the Con- legally erected billboard. March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5621 The Visual Pollution Control Act of 1991 is tional. Their review indicated that a "vast ma­ I urge my colleagues to cosponsor my bill to needed now more than ever. According to jority of the cases hold that billboard amortiza­ help put an end to the ill-advised and insup­ Federal Highway Administration statistics, bill­ tion is a reasonable exercise of the police portable tax practices that are costing billions board removals have come to a virtual stand­ power of the state and not violative of the of dollars to the Federal Government and the still. During 1986-88, only 2,657 billboards Constitution." [GAO Report B-239187, Feb. 6, American taxpayer. were removed along Federal highways nation­ 1991]. A copy of the bill follows: wide. However, during the same period, over Mr. Speaker, the Visual Pollution Control H.R.- 47,500 new billboards were constructed. In­ Act of 1991 is constitutional, proenvironment, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ credibly, the billboard lobby still claims that the and needed if we are to restore Lady Bird resentatives of the United States of America in original Highway Beautification Act is working Johnson's original goal of highway beautifi­ Congress assembled, perfectly and reform is not needed. Obviously cation. I urge all my colleagues to cosponsor SECTION 1. TREATMENT OF CERTAIN FEDERAL it is working fine for them, but it is working this worthy piece of legislation. ASSISTANCE PROVIDED WITH RE· SPECT TO DOMESTIC BUILDING AND miserably for those of us concerned with bill­ WAN ASSOCIATIONS. board proliferation. (a) GENERAL RULE.-For purposes of chap­ The Visual Pollution Control Act of 1991 will DOUBLE DIPPING BY THRIFT ter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986- restore the spirit of the Highway Beautification INVESTORS TO STOP (1) any section 597 payment made with re­ Act, which has been gutted by previous Con­ spect to any loss of principal, capital, or gresses. Given these facts, I am confident this HON. BYRON L DORGAN similar amount upon the disposition of any legislation will be successful. OF NORTH DAKOTA asset shall be taken into account as com­ I am pleased Senator JOHN CHAFEE of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pensation for such loss for purposes of sec­ Rhode Island has introduced his own billboard tion 165 of such Code, and Thursday, March 7, 1991 control in the Senate. Last year, Senator (2) any section 597 payment made with re­ Mr. DORGAN of North Dakota. Mr. Speaker, spect to any debt shall be taken into account CHAFEE guided through the Senate Environ­ for purposes of section 166, 585, or 593 of such ment and Public Works Committee billboard today I'm introducing legislation to stop inves­ Code in determining whether such debt is control legislation. I anticipate legislation suc­ tors of failed savings and loans in the late worthless (or the extent to which such debt cess again by that body this year. 1980's from abusing generous tax breaks is worthless) and in determining the amount But not all the action to control billboards given to them by the Federal Government. of any addition to a reserve for bad debts has been confined to Washington. States and These investors are trying to cash in on an es­ arising from the worthlessness or partial local communities have been active in passing timated $3.5 billion of tax deductions for dis­ worthlessness of such debts. legislation that regulates billboards. Recently posed thrift assets after they've already been (b) SECTION 597 PAYMENT.-For purposes of Rhode Island joined Hawaii, Alaska, Vermont reimbursed for such losses by Federal assist­ subsection (a), the term "section 597 pay­ ment" means any assistance provided after and Maine in banning new billboard construc­ ance payments. December 31, 1980, if section 597 of the Inter­ tion. Overall, in just the past 4 years, more In 1990, Congress was informed of this dou­ nal Revenue Code 1986 (as in effect with re­ than 500 cities and counties have enacted ble dipping by thrift investors who are writing spect to such assistance) excluded such as­ new regulations to control the proliferation of off enormous tax losses on the disposition of sistance from gross income. Such term shall billboards. On June 20, 1990, the U.S. Con­ thrift assets even though they've suffered no not include payments to which the amend­ ference of Mayors unanimously passed a res­ real economic loss. These investors are claim­ ments made by section 140l(a)(3) of the Fi­ olution calling on Congress to restore the au­ ing billions of dollars worth of tax breaks on nancial Institution Reform, Recovery, and thority of local and State governments to use their Federal income tax returns for losses Enforcement Act of 1989 apply. (c) TREATMENT OF AMOUNTS PAID FOR RE­ their zoning powers to remove billboards, a even though they've been fully reimbursed for PURCHASE OF ASSETS.-Nothing in section 597 right removed by a 1978 amendment to the such losses by Federal assistance payments. of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be Highway Beautification Act requiring cash pay­ Last week, several of my colleagues intro­ construed to exclude from gross income any ment to billboard companies. duced legislation to prevent these inappropri­ amount paid by the Federal Savings and In my opinion, that 1978 amendment effec­ ate tax deductions in the future, and I'm sup­ Loan Insurance Corporation, the FSLIC Res­ tively pulled the remaining teeth out of the portive of these efforts. However, I feel we olution Fund, the Resolution Trust Corpora­ Highway Beautification Act, and turned that shoud also fix the past abuses. tion, or the Federal Deposit Insurance Cor­ law into a tool for the billboard industry, who A Treasury Department report released yes­ poration for the repurchase of an asset or to exclude such amount in determining gain or are now opposing any attempts to reform that terday to Congress clearly demonstrates that loss under section 1001 of such Code. act. Because of that 1978 amendment, it no reasonable authority has ever existed for (d) EFFECTIVE DATE.-This section shall would cost taxpayers over $1 billion to remove ·this aggressive, if not absurd, double dipping apply to taxable years ending after Decem­ nonconforming billboards-an expenditure this being taken on the Federal tax returns of ber 31, 1980. Nation cannot now afford. many S&L investors and that the IRS stands A better way to deal with this problem would ready to litigate these cases. Such tax treat­ be to amortize the billboards for a reasonable ment is contrary to well-established tax prin­ INTRODUCTION OF THE period, rather than pay cash outright. While ciples, including the tax rules for computing McDERMOTT-ADAMS PEACE, DE­ billboard proponents have said this would vio­ gain or loss-Internal Revenue Code, section MOCRACY AND DEVELOPMENT IN late the fifth amendment, the courts have long 1001-and the deduction limitation for losses EL SALVADOR ACT held that billboard regulation is not a taking of compensated by insurance or otherwise-In­ private property and does not violate the Con­ ternal Revenue Code 165. Nevertheless, HON. NANCY PELOSI stitution. This premise is based on the fact many of these investors have already reaped OF CALIFORNIA that billboards don1 derive their value from the an estimated $1 billion windfall from the com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES private land they stand on, but from the public bined Federal assistance payments and re­ roads they stand next to. Hence, an industry duced tax liability. And in my judgment, Amer­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 that inadvertently profits from the public gives ican taxpayers shouldn't be asked to bear this Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to communities the right to regulate that industry. burden. join today with my esteemed colleagues in in­ This doctrine was first upheld over 70 years My legislation would cover all past and fu­ troducing the Peace, Democracy and Develop­ ago, in Churchill and Tait v. Rafferty, 248 U.S. ture Federal assistance payments made to in­ ment in El Salvador Act. I commend Senator 591 (1918), and continues to be upheld today. vestors of failed financial institutions in con­ ADAMS and Congressman MCDERMOTI for Many State courts have also concluded that nection with a disposition or repurchase of any their work in introducing this important bill, amortization is an acceptable method for re­ asset of such institution by treating them as which is the next step in changing United moving nonconforming billboards. compensation for purposes of the loss deduc­ States policy toward El Salvador. Additionally, the General Accounting Office tion limitation rules. Congress never intended Last year, we passed legislation to promote did a review of the existing case law to deter­ to allow thrift acquirers to deduct losses when peace in El Salvador by cutting military aid by mine if a majority of the cases hold that amor­ they are reimbursed for such losses by the 50 percent and imposing conditions on the tization in the removal of billboards is constitu- Government. It's just that simple. restoration of aid. This aid cutoff was carefully 5622 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 balanced and designed to promote peace His stewardship as chief judge has not been victorious Commander in Chief, and received talks. It was working and both sides were at without some controversy. There was the standing ovation after standing ovation. It was the negotiating table. question of the creation of a District Court for a rare moment. Unfortunately, the President chose to disturb the Southern District of Maryland. Congress, True to his usual practice, the President this careful balance by releasing the withheld in its infinite wisdom and effort to emulate Sol­ was lavish with his praise. He quite rightly aid with a 60-day holding period. He ignored omon, decided that the area comprising the praised the troopers, the airmen, the marines, the fact that no real progress has been made U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland and the sailors who had gone into combat in the Jesuit murders case. He ignored viola­ needed to be cut in two. There was no ques­ against the Iraqi Army. He praised the com­ tions of the conditions by the Salvadoran mili­ tion that this decision would provide logistical manders who planned and executed the oper­ tary. His decision places us back at square problems for Federal judges, and constrain ation. He praised the American people who one with a failed policy. further the limited resources of the district displayed their overwhelming support for Op­ It is now 11 years since the beginning of the court. Yet, Judge Harvey was there to answer eration Desert Storm. He praised the fellow war in El Salvador. In those 11 years, we questions; and, during the legislative process, members of the coalition who fought beside have spent $5 billion in United States assist­ his comments and advice were considered the United States. Indeed, the President ance and we have 70,000 deaths to show for and greatly appreciated. sought to recognize all who had supported it. Clearly we should be capable of a better Community service is a family trait extend­ him throughout the crisis. policy. ing to the judge's great-grandfather, Washing­ Despite the sense of satisfaction that has The McDermott-Adams bill is a better policy. ton Curran Whitthorn, who was a U.S. Senator emerged in the wake of Desert Storm, this It prohibits military assistance until certain con­ and Congressman from Tennessee. Member is alarmed at the desire of some to ditions are met, withdraws military advisers, Another one of the judge's great-grand­ rewrite history. President George Bush did prohibits covert operations, establishes a fund fathers, Charles Harvey, was a business part­ have his detractors, particularly in the days im­ for reconstruction, and restricts economic sup­ ner of William T. Walters of the Walters Art mediately prior to January 16. His actions port funds for basic human needs. Gallery. His father F. Barton Harvey, Sr., was were roundly condemned by many in this Those of us on the side of peace and jus­ an insurance broker who helped found the firm body. The passionate speeches against sup­ tice in El Salvador believe that the only solu­ of Stump, Harvey, & Cook. The judge's two porting U.N. Resolution 678 are a matter of tion to the civil war there is through negotia­ older brothers are both bankers, one the re­ record. Some of these same individuals are tions. Negotiations will not work unless the tired managing partner of Alex Brown, the now quick to wrap themselves in the mantle of Salvadoran Government can and does get other the retired chairman of Maryland Na­ victory. Our President was gracious enough control of the arrogant, omnipotent, and im­ tional Bank. not to comment on this fact, but this Member moral Salvadoran military. Cutting military aid Judge Harvey always has been a leader would simply note that they can do so only be­ to El Salvador provides needed leverage to willing to do his share. During World War II, cause of the leadership of George Bush, and the Salvadoran Government to control the mili­ he saw action as an artillery spotter for the because 250 Members of this body and 55 tary and pursue negotiations. 71 st Infantry Division, for which he flew 90 Members of the other body made the politi­ The bill we are introducing today provides missions in Piper Cubs over enemy gun place­ cally difficult but right decision to support the incentives for negotiation, requires respect for ments. He then served with Army field artillery President on January 12. human rights, and promotes democratic re­ and was with General Patton's 3d Army in its Mr. Speaker, this Member would also in­ form. The McDermott-Adams bill is designed push across the Rhineland. He attained the clude in the RECORD an insightful article from to restore the balance created by last year's rank of first lieutenant with an Air Medal and the March 7 edition of the Omaha World-Her­ legislation which has been disturbed by the Oak Leaf Cluster. ald. This editorial, entitled "Bush's January President. It will promote a permanent settle­ After the war he returned to Yale where he Doubters Scramble for Credibility," explained ment to the tragic civil war in El Salvador. I played rugby, won the senior prize for scholar­ that the American people may consider sup­ look forward to working with my colleagues in ship and character, and graduated Phi Beta port for U.S. policy in the Persian Gulf to be passing it into law. Kappa in 194 7. After spending 3 years in Co­ an important indicator of the judgment of their lumbia Law School where he was a member elected representatives. of the winning moot court team, he passed the The article follows: CHIEF JUDGE ALEXANDER Maryland bar and became an associate with [From the Omaha World-Herald, Mar. 7, 1991] HARVEY RETIREMENT SPEECH the law firm then known as Ober, Williams, BUSH'S JANUARY DOUBTERS ScRAMBLE FOR Grimes & Stinson. Three years later, he was CREDffiiLITY HON. HELEN DEIJCH BENnEY asked to become a partner, but took a 2-year Some senators and congressmen are still defending their January votes against the OF MARYLAND break to serve as an assistant attorney gen­ eral of Maryland from 1955 to 1957, returning use of force in the Persian Gulf. Democratic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the firm where he remained until 1966 when leaders in Congress are bristling at the sug­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 gestion that the Democratic Party can't be President Johnson appointed him to the dis­ trusted to define the nation's destiny. Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is an honor trict court at age 43. But the fact remains that a majority of the to speak on behalf of Judge Alexander Harvey In conclusion, I would like to say that it is Democrats in Congress held back at a time II, of the U.S. District Court for the District of unlikely that Judge Harvey's term as a mem­ when, as subsequent events demonstrated, Maryland, as he steps down as chief judge ber of the Federal judiciary could be improved decisive action was needed. and takes senior status on the Federal bench. upon. His wit, grace, and guiding leadership Now the war is over. The allies won deci­ will be greatly missed. sively. Kuwait has been liberated. The pa­ The judge always has been described as di­ rade of horribles that opponents of military rect, rational, intelligent, and able to provide action talked about before the vote didn't exceptional advice when consulted by another GIVE PRAISE WHERE PRAISE IS materialize-allied casualties were minimal, judge. This is clear and convincing evidence the coalition held together and the public of the high regard and respect with which his DUE-GEORGE BUSH supported the president and the troops. peers hold him. America is reinvigorated in spirit. Its re­ In 1983, the American Lawyer selected HON. DOUG BEREUfER spect around the world has risen. Judge Harvey as the best of 42 judges in the OF NEBRASKA Fortunately, sufficient numbers of con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gressmen and senators had enough faith in fourth circuit. In the article explaining the President Bush, the armed forces and the choice, Judge Harvey was dubbed: Thursday, March 7,1991 righteousness of the cause to cast a vote au­ As brilliant, practical and always prepared. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, on March 6, thorizing military action. Incredibly well organized. Invariably know­ Signs of uneasiness have appeared among ing the case better than the lawyers involved 1991, a remarkable event took place in this some Democrats as the implications of the * * * taking proffered instructions, maybe Chamber. The President of the United States vote, in the context of the brilliant outcome fifty of them, and responding yes to number appeared before a joint session of Congress of Operation Desert Storm, become clear. one, no to number two, and yes to number to report on the resounding American victory House Speaker Tom Foley has begun refer­ three. Responding almost like a machine. against Iraq. He came to this Chamber as a ring to the Democrats as pro-defense, which March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5623 flies in the face of efforts by the party's lib­ This legislation, introduced in the past two will not ensure the fundamental commitment eral wing to slash defense spending and de­ Congresses by our friend and former col­ we need. The legislation before us today aims feat major weapons systems over the years. league, Representative Mickey Leland, seeks to extend the gains made last year, enlarge And some Democratic strategies appear to to ensure that women are fully integrated into want the public to forget the January vote. upon them, and make them permanent. They are taking the position that the Per­ United States funded development projects. I urge my colleagues to give careful atten­ sian Gulf will be old news by the 1992 elec­ For the past 2 years Congress has ap­ tion to this issue and join me in support of its tions. proved key provisions of this legislation in the passage. But some people may not forget. Phil Multilateral Economic Assistance Act. One re­ Klinker, a political scientist for the liberal quired that Agency for International Develop­ Brookings Institution, said that presidential ment [AID] programs be designed to increase UNION HOSPITAL FOUNDATION candidates who voted against the use-of­ the percentage of women participating in de­ HONORS ZENON AND NADIA force resolution would have a tough time veloping countries. MATKIWSKY AS CITIZENS OF winning the nomination. A second provision stipulated that the per­ THE YEAR And well they should. The opponents of the resolution blew it when they took the posi­ centage of women participating in develop­ tion that economic embargoes were all that ment projects, represent the number of HON. MATIHEW J. RINALDO was needed, the coalition would fly apart or women traditionally involved in the targeted OF NEW JERSEY the United States would become isolated and activities. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bogged down, with heavy casualties, in a A third provision earmarked $5 million for long ground war. And they came within a few strengthening Women in International Devel­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 votes of making the president's task more opment [WID] Program initiatives-$2 million Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, on May 17, the difficult, giving Iraq more time to proceed for core funding and $3 million for matching Union Hospital Foundation of Union, NJ, will with the destruction of Kuwait while waiting for a hot desert summer to sap the spirit of grant funds. honor Zenon and Nadia Matkiwsky as the the allied forces. Finally, a fourth provision provided $800,000 foundation's 1991 Citizens of the Year. This isn't to question their patriotism. But for the United Nations Development Fund for Dr. and Mrs. Matkiwsky have earned this certainly their judgment is suspect. And, in Women [UNIFEM] and $200,000 for the Inter­ special tribute for their relentless work in be­ any debate over U.S. policy in the Mideast, national Research and Training Institute for half of the victims of the 1986 Chernobyl nu­ so is their credibility. the Advancement of Women [INSTRAW]. clear reactor accident in the Ukraine. The cou­ Though these funding amounts are less ple has worked endlessly to provide medical than minimum recommended in last year's bill, services and collect donations to send food THE BOUNTY HUNTER ACT OF 1991 they represent a partial victory for the legisla­ and supplies to these victims in the form of a tive intent of the proposal. I am also encour­ relief effort called the "Children of Chernobyl HON. RICHARD T. SCHUUE aged by initial reports that AID has shown im­ Relief Fund. OF PENNSYLVANIA provement in integrating women into its devel­ So personal is their commitment to the relief IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES opment program. effort that in February 1990, the Matkiwsky's Because I'm concerned about the Peace brought back from Kiev, Ukraine, 6-month-old Thursday, March 7, 1991 Corps' commitment to its own WID Program, Maria Kavasiuk and her 37-year-old father, Mr. SCHULZE. Mr. Speaker, outlaw drug I have expanded this year's bill to include the Vasilij. Both had been diagnosed with leuke­ dealers should not ride roughshod over our Peace Corps in steps to integrate women fully mia after the father was forced to work on the cities and towns. We should round them up in development assistance programs. Specific Chernobyl nuclear spill cleanup. The and put them behind bars. Today I am intro­ directives include: training for professional Kavasiuks stayed at the Matkiwsky home ducing the Bounty Hunter Act of 1991 to help staff and volunteers that provide guidance on while Dr. Matkiwsky, chief surgeon at Union do just that! strategies for achieving the goal of integrating Hospital, treated them. Today, as a result of Under Bounty Hunter, if you turn in a drug women into all Peace Corps programs, the these unselfish efforts, Maria and her father pusher, you get half the value of the pusher's participation of local women's organizations in are doing well. tainted luxuries acquired with illegal profits. I corps programs, and the establishment of a During the past 2 years, the Matkiwsky fam­ surmise it would be hard to find a person who task force on women in development, made ily have flown to Ukraine several times bring­ would not want half the value of a drug lord's up of senior staff members to oversee the im­ ing supplies to various areas where health mansion or yacht. plementation of the legislation. care is primitive and supplies are lacking. I believe we can win the war on drugs by In addition, this legislation provides $7 mil­ I commend Zenon and Nadia Matkiwsky for providing the needed incentive for informants lion in matching funds to AID for WID activities their compasssion and devotion to the young to come forward. I want to make it more profit­ in field missions, $5 million for core funding to victims of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. able to end drug trafficking than it is to assist support the staff, training and monitoring They have helped thousands of children con­ and promote the drug trade. I want to encour­ needs of AID WID, and $500,000 or 1 percent taminated by the radiation. Dr. and Mrs. age the drug dealer's chauffeur, cook, house­ of the total amount appropriated to Peace Matkiwsky are richly deserving of the title Citi­ keeper, and henchmen to turn him in-and Corps for the office of the WI D coordinator. zens of the Year for their outstanding contribu­ reap handsome rewards for doing so. Finally, this bill authorizes a total of $1 mil­ tions to the people of Ukraine as well as their If the bounty is high enough, drug criminals lion for the United Nations Development Fund own community. will be caught. Support the Bounty Hunter Act, for Women [UNIFEM] and $250,000 for the and let's put the highest possible price on United Nations International Research and drug dealers. Training Institute for the Advancement of A BILL TO COMBAT UNINTENDED Women [INSTRAW] . These U.N. organizations TEEN PREGNANCY provide essential development assistance and THE WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT resources for women in developing countries. HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS ACT OF 1991 Given adequate access to training in health OF NEW YORK care, sanitation, marketing, agriculture, and full IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES participation in development assistance pro­ HON. OLYMPIA J. SNOWE Thursday, March 7,1991 OF MAINE grams, women in developing nations have the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES potential to improve dramatically the quality of Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, teenage preg­ life for their families. This bill addresses spe­ nancy is not an issue we can afford to evade. Thursday, March 7, 1991 cific methods for AID and the Peace Corps to Teenage girls are becoming pregnant in in­ Ms. SNOWE. Mr. Speaker, in commemora­ integrate women fully into development plans. creasing and alarming numbers. According to tion of International Women's Day, March 8, I The reported successes of the past 2 years the Alan Guttmacher Institute, about 1 million am introducing, along with Representative PAT need to continue and to grow. Unfortunately, teenage girls become pregnant every year. If SCHROEDER, the Women in Development Act incorporating these aims into foreign appro­ you are the parent of a teenager, this means of 1991. priations legislation on a year-by-year basis that 1 in 10 of your daughter's friends will be- 5624 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 come pregnant this year. What will you do if In essence, the loss of human potential en­ supporting this resolution: Mayor Pedro the "one" is your daughter?· · gendered by teenage pregnancy is staggering. Roboredo, Vice Mayor Rebeca Sosa, Com­ I have again joined Representative NANCY This bill seeks to stop this incredible loss by missioner Pedro Busse, Commissioner Valery JOHNSON in embarking upon a bipartisan effort taking a realistic yet hopeful approach to this Hickey-Patton, and Commissioner Vivian to introduce the Mickey leland Adolescent problem. We are realistic because we know Trigo. Pregnancy Prevention and Parenting Act of that more is required than lectures on the vir­ 1991. The Adolescent Family life Program is tues of chastity. We open our eyes to the the only· Federal program specifically designed world that your young people live in and do COMMENDING U.S. TROOPS AND to help prevent teenage pregnancies. It was not shudder or draw back. We must not allow PRESIDENT BUSH initiated as a demonstr?tion program author­ the incredible gravity of this situation to over­ ized under title XX of the Public Health Serv­ whelm us. We are hopeful that with hard facts HON. CASS BALLENGER ice Act. One-third of the funding for title XX and gentle care, these young people will make OF NORTH CAROLINA services go to projects that provide prevention choices which allow them to recognize and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES address their responsibilities while they pursue services which attempt to reach male and fe­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 male adolescents before they become sexu­ their hopes and dreams. It is in this country's ally active. The remaining two-thirds of the best interest to assure that these young peo­ Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, the United funding goes to projects which provide an ple can become productive and contributing States has much to be proud of today. The array of services to pregnant and parenting members of society. U.S. Armed Forces have performed brilliantly adolescents. These services include: primary in the Persian Gulf theater under the outstand­ and preventative health care; family planning ing leadership of our President and Com­ services; maternity counseling; nutritional in­ CITY OF WEST MIAMI STANDS mander in Chief George Bush, Secretary of formation; education and vocational services BEHIND U.S. TROOPS Defense Dick Cheney, Operation Commander and adoption counseling. General Norman Schwarzkopf, and Chairman Teenage girls who become pregnant are HON. ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Colin Powell. confronted with enormous economic and soci­ OF FLORIDA The brave men and women participating in etal factors which coalesce to preclude them IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Operation Desert Shield/Storm have dem­ onstrated remarkable bravery and profes­ from ever becoming fully participating mem­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 bers of this society. For many young women, sionalism and deserve our heartfelt thanks the birth of a child is not a source of joy and Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, last and support. hope. Instead it is death of a future once filled night in the President's speech to a joint ses­ I especially want to pay tribute to the men and women from the 1Oth District, both in the with possibility and promise. Your past be­ sion of Congress, he offered well-deserved active forces and reserve units-the 1451 st comes irrelevant, your present is never-ending praise to all Americans saying, "Above all, I Transportation Company of Boone, the 540th and your future is over. thank those whose unfailing love and support Quartermaster Battalion, and the 1450th The costs of teenage pregnancy do not stop sustained our courageous men and women: I Transportation Company, both of Lenoir. You with the inchoate dream-deadening effects on thank the American people." The President's praise surely applies to the can rest assured that your Congressman and the young mother. Teenage girls who become good people of West Miami. On February 6, your country have stood solidly behind you pregnant face greater overall health risks than 1991, the city of West Miami passed and since the beginning. mothers in other age groups. In addition to adopted resolution No. 91-Q1 expressing SUJT I look forward to the days ahead when our short-term problems, there are long-term so­ port for the U.S. position in the Middle East. troops return home, and we have an oppor­ cial and economic consequences associated Their heartfelt resolution was the very embodi­ tunity to welcome and honor our war heroes. with teenage motherhood. Some studies have ment of the unfailing love and support our This is a victory in which all our veterans can shown that women who begin childbearing President spoke about. share. We salute each of you. during adolescence never complete high In the words of resolution No. 91-Q1, the Yet in our joy, we must remember that war school, have lower incomes, have more chil­ city of West Miami, Fl, passed and adopted is not without its costs. Of the more than dren overall, have less stable marriages and on February 6, 1991: 535,000 U.S. service men and women sent to rely more heavily on public assistance than Whereas, we, as a community, extend com­ the gulf, the loss of life was small in number, their peers. Unfortunately, in this society, plete support to the policies of the American but not insignificant. Family members in my women who begin having children in their administration and to the brave Allied district are experiencing a deep personal loss teens are forever deprived of an opportunity to Forces who are fighting in the Persian Gulf for Spec. Bobby McKnight of Dallas, NC, who experience life. They are forced to enter a as we pray for peace and the prompt resolu­ was a casualty of Operation Desert Storm. world of adult restrictions and responsibilities tion of this crisis. Now, therefore, be it Spec. McKnight was deployed to Saudi Arabia long before they are ready. Resolved by the City Commission of the City with the National Guard's 145th Transportation Unlike most previous measures, this bill rec­ of West Miami, Florida: The City of West Miami expresses its com­ Company. Spec. McKnight will be remem­ ognizes that teenage boys are part of the teen plete support for the United States political bered as a war hero by all of us. pregnancy problem. Young men who are at­ and military position regarding the Persian I am proud of President Bush and the U.S. risk of becoming fathers before becoming hus­ Gulf crisis and affirm our solidarity with the troops for promoting peace and stability in the bands must learn to seriously consider the members of our United States Armed Forces Persian Gulf and around the world. consequences of their actions. They must and their allies who are fighting valiantly to learn the lesson every young mother soon free the nation of Kuwait. knows with certainty: A baby is a full-time job Mr. Speaker, the President's leadership was ALLIED BURDENSHARING IN THE and a lifetime commitment. A child cannot be steadfast and unerring in judgment for many GULF cared for at a part-time job or by part-time par­ reasons. The President acted with clear and ents. There are no children who only require resolute purpose, the liberation of Kuwait and HON. E. 1HOMAS COLEMAN food, clothing, and shelter on a part-time the putting down of aggression; he acted with OF MISSOURI basis. Under this measure, teen fathers would international support, 12 U.N. resolutions and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be eligible for counseling on sexuality and the military support of 30 nations; and most family life, including responsible decisionmak­ powerfully, the President acted with the SUJT Thursday, March 7, 1991 ing and the responsibilities which accompany port of the American people. Mr. COLEMAN of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, parenthood. In addition to educating these The city of West Miami and many other while we are all proud of the conduct of the young men about responsibility, this bill seeks communities who in spirit stood shoulder to Persian Gulf war, we must address the very to take concrete steps toward encouraging re­ shoulder with our brave men and women in serious issue of paying for it. sponsibility by providing referral services for the gulf should be recognized for their commit­ The administration presented Congress with employment, training, and drug and alcohol ment to freedom and justice. In particular, I a payment plan asking for $15 billion in U.S. abuse. commend the leadership of West Miami for funds, and for the authority to spend the March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5625 pledged contributions from our coalition part­ come up with a comprehensive energy pian­ energy issue. "At the state government ners and allies in the war. Today we are re­ as seems apparent-King is ready to step in. level, we're going to be working closely to­ sponding to the President's plan, providing the He would stress innovative energy strategies gether to develop an energy policy for the that tap the State's natural gas supplies and state. Business-as-usual in Washington just $15 billion requested, plus the authority to solar energy. Recognizing that a barrel of oil isn't enough," he said. spend foreign contributions up to $43 billion. saved is a barrel of oil not imported, King, "We need to be looking to the future, in­ The United States has borne the primary Land Commissioner, Jim Baca, and Natural stead of the past," the Commissioner said. burden of supplying armed forces and com­ Resources Secretary Anita Lockwood prom­ "We have tremendous resources here in New manding allied efforts. The President has ise that New Mexico's energy policy will Mexico with our gas supplies, the potential asked us to appropriate an additional $15 bil­ stress renewable resources and conservation. for solar and renewable energy development, lion in U.S. aid. We should do this. This is not Send 'em to Washington. and the role our National Labs could play." the time for political games or budget It is with great pleasure that I call my col­ "At a time when the Labs are coming grandstanding. leagues' attention to two documents relating to under budget pressure from declining defense New Mexico's energy plan. Both are from our spending, why not tap that energy source? If It is, therefore, only appropriate and proper we put just a minor percentage of the budget to require our allies to meet their financial obli­ State's Land Commissioner, Jim Baca. The for Middle East defense into a Manhattan gations for a war we prosecuted. According to first document represents his thoughts on the Project for photovoltaics, we could dras­ OMB today, of the $54.5 billion our allies have Bush energy plan and the second document is tically reduce our use of conventional fuels now promised as their fair share toward the his plans for New Mexico with respect to en­ and increase our national security." total costs of the war, barely $16.9 billion in ergy and other matters of importance to his of­ It's important to remember that conserva­ cash and other contributions have been re­ fice. tion doesn't have to hurt. We must cut our ceived; $37.6 billion in pledges are still out­ BACA CRITICIZES ADMINISTRATION ENERGY energy consumption not by sacrificing our standing. PLAN, CALLS FOR CONSERVATION ALTER­ way of life but through an aggressive effi­ About $24 billion of the unpaid total is to NATIVES ciency program. If it's possible to get the same amount of light from 15 watts as we come from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the Unit­ Jim Baca, New Mexico's Commissioner of Public Lands, today expressed his "deep dis­ now get with 100 watts, we should make the ed Arab Emirates; these nations, all members change. If we can go 100 miles on two gallons of the Gulf Cooperation Council, were directly appointment" in the contents of the Admin­ istration's energy plan. "It looks like we in of gasoline instead of five, we should make involved in Operation Desert Storm. state government-Governor Bruce King, the change." Of far more concern is the failure of our Secretary of Energy and Minerals Anita "The Administration's energy plan and ac­ noncombatant allies to make good on their Lockwood, and myself, the Land Commis­ companying budget simply fail to address pledges of financial support. South Korea is sioner-are going to have to take the lead," the real problems or provide real solutions. I $314 million shy of its pledge of $385 million; he said. "I pledge to work with them in hope the Congress will take a more serious Germany still owes $3.6 billion of its promised every way possible." look at these issues and I intend to be active "I support the idea of developing a com­ at the state and national level in encourag­ $6.6 billion; and Japan, which has only just ing new directions," Baca said. now formally approved $9 billion of its total prehensive national energy strategy, it's long overdue," Baca said. "But by focusing pledge of $1 0. 7 billion, has paid only $1 .3 bil­ on opening wilderness areas for energy explo­ SETTING THE STAGE lion. Japan, whose financial stake in the stabil­ ration and reducing opportunities for nu­ (By Jim Baca, State Land Commissioner, ity of the gulf region exceeds our own, must clear safety review, we're falling into the old 1991) step forward and honor its pledge. trap of fulfilling industry wish lists instead During the course of the 1990 election cam­ This was not just an American war; it was of dealing with real energy problems." paign, I traveled more than 35,000 miles, a united effort by a coalition of nations. Every Baca has just returned from Washington, meeting and talking to New Mexicans about ·nation participating must meet its obligations­ D.C. after meeting with numerous Congres­ their concerns for the future of our state. the American taxpayer demands it, the Amer­ sional, industry, and public interest officials With revenue-producing trust lands in every ican men and women who have put their lives on the Administration's energy proposals. corner of New Mexico, the Land Office has "Any smart energy policy is going to look tremendous influence on environmental and on the line to achieve the coalition goals de­ both at energy usage as well as energy sup­ serve it, and Congress must insist on it. land use policy in the state. ply. If we save a barrel of oil, it's just like When I began my campaign, I announced Mr. Speaker, there will be other expenses in producing one," the Commissioner said. that I would be the environmental candidate, this war that undoubtedly will be presented in "Conservation has proven to be the most concerned with the proper stewardship of our the weeks ahead. The allies will have an even cost-effective and environmentally-friendly Trust Lands for future generations. In my greater amount to pay. They should keep cur­ way of getting 'new' supplies and should be view, conservation of our lands and resources rent on their accounts by paying now what's priority #1 in any energy plan." makes good business sense. As a fiduciary of­ "I am deeply disappointed in the Adminis­ due now. ficer for the beneficiary institutions, I have tration's energy plan," Baca said. "We need pledged to take the long view of my trust re­ Saying the check is in the mail will not be to take a much more aggressive role in con­ acceptable. sponsibilities and to chart a course for the serving energy and developing clean and re­ year 2000 and beyond. newable energy alternatives." What follows is a product of the dialogue As Commissioner, Baca administers 13 mil­ NEW MEXICO'S ENERGY PLAN which took place between concerned citi­ lion acres of state lands, much of which are zens, communities, and organizations and energy producing. "We're going to do our myself. It represents an initial framework HON. BILL RICHARDSON part," Baca said, "New Mexico has consider­ for the agenda of the Land Office in the sec­ able reserves of clean-burning natural gas. OF NEW MEXICO ond Baca Administration, and will be devel­ We want to encourage much greater use of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oped and added to as we move forward in the natural gas as a transportation and utility days ahead. Thursday, March 7, 1991 fuel, both in and out of the state. Since cars, OIL AND GAS Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, there's trucks and buses use most of the oil we im­ port, we could win three ways: cleaner air, Oil and gas revenues account for more than been much talk in recent months about the less imported oil, more revenues to New 90% of the Land Office's revenue steam, and need for a national energy policy. Last month, Mexico." fund a sizable portion of the state school sys­ President Bush unveiled his energy plan-a "Solar energy is much talked-about and tem budget. We support efforts to encourage plan that has been sharply criticized by many, under-used," Baca continued. "With the re­ greater recovery of oil through secondary including this Member. sources we have, New Mexico could be the and tertiary recovery. I expect to have a co­ I am most pleased to report to my col­ model state for the nation. By committing operative relationship with the industry, leagues that my own home State of New Mex­ to a new effort for utilizing the power of the who I believe understands the importance of ico has developed its own energy plan. The sun, we could greatly reduce our use of fossil environmental protection and restoration. Albuquerque Journal recently editorialized and wood fuels. In partnership with the fed­ Assuming that adequate protection for wild­ eral government, New Mexico could host ex­ life at drilling sites is given, at present I'm against the Bush energy plan and for the New perimental development projects using solar not aware of major conflicts between oil and Mexico plan. energy, including efforts to produce solar-de­ gas production and important resoure values The Journal wrote: rived hydrogen transportation fuel." in the state. Governor Bruce King * * * has some prom­ Baca said that New Mexico could play a New Mexico's natural gas reserves rep­ ising ideas. If the Federal Government can't pivotal role in providing leadership on the resent an important and underdeveloped re- 5626 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 source. This administration is committed to izen groups to encourage the designation of to use our public lands for continued hunting assisting in the development and marketing new wilderness areas in New Mexico. and fishing. of natural gas, particularly from state lands. Because virtually all potential wilderness I support the issuance of recreational per­ If successful, we will all benefit-the schools areas include sections of state land, which mits for state lands, allowing hikers, bird­ through increased revenues, the public and cannot be managed as wilderness, the Land watchers, photographers and others to use the environment through reduced air pollu­ Office would agree to trade lands within wil­ our lands as well. This year we will review tion, the nation through reduced dependence derness designations for other federal land the present system, investigating the possi­ upon foreign oil, and even the planet, by cur­ holdings. bility of allowing year-round use and looking tailing emission of greenhouse gases contrib­ COMMERCIAL OPPORTUNITIES AND PLANNED at the fees presently charged. uting to global warming. COMMUNITIES WILDLIFE The Land Office will take a leadership role In exchange for lands designed as wilder­ Our state Trust lands provide forage and in working with other branches of state gov­ ness or traded for other reasons with the fed­ habitat for wildlife as well as livestock. Al­ ernment, the natural gas industry, and other eral government, the Land Office will seek though not much of that habitat is consid­ private and public agencies to marshal the to acquire properties with development po­ ered "sensitive" for wildlife, our administra­ resources and creativity necessary to greatly tential. As our oil and gas reserves are de­ tion will work to protect wildlife. I have in­ increase the use of natural gas as a transpor­ pleted, long-term revenue to the bene­ structed my staff to be on the lookout for tation fuel and substitute for electric gen­ ficiaries will fall unless the Land Office possible threatened and endangered species, eration. A memorial currently pending be­ takes a far-sighted approach to future in­ and to work with the State Game and Fish fore the legislature calls upon the Commis­ come. One example will be active participa­ Department to mitigate against any possible sioner of Public Lands to convene a task tion in developing planned communities, threats to their habitat or survival. As range force to make recommendations concerning such as the prospective Mesa del Sol site improvements are made, particularly with commercialization of natural gas tech­ near Albuquerque. During my administra­ fences, I want to assure that state of the art nologies. tion, we will do the long-range planning nec­ construction is used, to allow safe passage STATE AND NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY essary to place existing Trust land in a posi­ for wildlife. The absence of a comprehensive energy tion to best meet future industrial, commer­ THE 1872 MINING LAW policy, other than the continuation of the cial, and residential needs, thereby maximiz­ Long-outdated federal legislation allowing status quo, regardless of the environmental ing long-term revenues. public land giveaways for mining and specu­ economic or military implications, is short­ THE GRAY RANCH lation remains on the books. A reform effort sighted and unwise. We intend to encourage Located in the boot heel of the state in is underway to end the numerous abuses oc­ adoption of policies which in the long run southwestern New Mexico, the Gray Ranch curring under the 1872 Mining Law. To pro­ will cost less, import less, pollute less, and represents one of the nation's most bio­ tect the financial and environmental inter­ require less government subsidization. logically significant ecosystems. Formerly ests of the state of New Mexico and our bene­ Many opportunities for cooperation exist under mixed private, state and federal own­ ficiaries, I will join the campaign for over­ between state and federal government, the ership, the private sections have recently haul of this legislation. The laws governing National Labs, the energy industry, and New been purchased by The Nature Conservancy, hard rock mining simply must join the 20th Mexico communities. Our state can take on a public-interest environmental organiza­ Century standard applied to other mining a pioneering role in developing alternative tion. and resource development activities. energy strategies and the Land Office in­ As a complete review and inventory of the SAND AND GRAVEL tends to play a constructive role in support­ resources in this environmental treasure Another highly controversial area of local ing such efforts. The Trust in particular, and trove is made, the Nature Conservancy and concern in many parts of the state is the op­ New Mexico in general, is well-positioned to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are con­ eration of sand and gravel mining oper­ profit from emerging alternative tech- templating future management and land ations. These can provide needed income to ' nologies because of our geography and exist­ ownership possibilities. As Commissioner the Trust, but clearly must be handled with ing infrastructure. and trustee of thousands of acres within the increased care. New Mexico State University LAND EXCHANGES Gray Ranch, I am committed to full partner­ in Las Cruces is greatly concerned that the This State Land Office administers ap­ ship and cooperation in protecting those re­ dust from mining operations could ruin cru­ proximately 9 million acres of surface and 13 sources and supporting land exchanges where cial astronomical research being carried out million acres of mineral estate. As part of appropriate for consolidating both ownership at the University. I have promised to protect the original grants made by the federal gov­ and protection. the observatory's experiments and to in­ ernment, the lands are "checkerboarded" GOOD STEWARD INCENTIVE PROGRAM crease Land Office sensitivity to local con­ throughout New Mexico with private, fed­ I am committed to improving the condi­ cerns about siting, operation, and reclama­ eral, and Indian lands. tion of the range and exploration of a system tion on such mines. I have pledged to work to consolidate our to reward good stewards of the land. It has A NEW MEXICO BOTTLE BILL Trust lands, in order to improve manage­ never made sense to me that someone who I support adoption of a bottle bill, or de­ ment capabilities, financial return to our takes good care of a state lease should have posit legislation for beverage containers. De­ beneficiaries, and environmental protection to pay the same as someone contributing to spite the overwhelming support of the public for the State of New Mexico. the creation of a local Dust Bowl. and successful implementation in numerous The Attorney General has promised a stat­ We will work with New Mexico's livestock oth'er states, such legislation has failed to be utory review to determine the proper guide­ industry, range conservationists, the Soil adopted in New Mexico. To help get trash off lines for exchange under present law. The Conservation Service, and other interested state lands, roadways and parks, I will lobby U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Sen­ parties in developing a range conservation the legislation in support of this effort. ate have approved changes in New Mexico's incentive system which will increase the ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION enabling act which would authorize land long-term value of the Trust. trades with private parties, other govern­ New Mexico's children should be given HUNTING AND FISHING ACCESS, RECREATIONAL high-quality, early exposure to the principles mental entities, and Indian nations. To PERMITS achieve maximum flexibility for trading of ecology, conservation, stewardship, and with all parties, a referendum approving the In my travels throughout the state, few is­ responsibility for protection of our common House and Senate action must pass voter ap­ sues draw as much attention or emotion as environment. Despite the many excellent ef­ proval and may be presented on the 1992 bal­ that of restricted access to public lands for forts on the part of private individuals and lot. hunting and fishing. The issue of access is a some public institutions, environmental edu­ In the meantime, it is the intention of the complex one, with many varied cir­ cation is not yet an integral part of the pub­ Land Office to move full speed ahead in part­ cumstances. Nevertheless, I am strongly lic school curriculum. nership with the federal government for ex­ committed to securing access to trust lands As Commissioner, I am committed to pool­ changes in support of wilderness designation, where it is being unfairly or illegally re­ ing the resources of the many interested par­ commercial opportunities for the state, and stricted. ties into an effective effort to introduce such federal land acquisition for environmental At the same time, I am greatly concerned a curriculum into our schools. Our office will protection purposes. by issues such as poaching and the number of serve as a nexus for this effort, and I will hunters entering certain areas, as well as personally meet with the State Board of WILDERNESS public safety concerns. I expect to work with Education to lobby for the introduction of After a four-year hiatus in State Land Of­ Governor King and the Game and Fish De­ this important subject. As our population fice support of the wilderness process, my ad­ partment to bring interested parties to the grows and our mineral resources are de­ ministration is committed to an active part­ table to discuss ways to improve the situa­ pleted, the future of the Trust and the qual­ nership with the federal government and cit- tion and protect the ability of New Mexicans ity of New Mexico's environment depends as March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5627 much on tomorrow's future leaders as on to­ extracurricular program for average and above The point of continuing to think and debate day's. average, blind or visually impaired students. these matters is not to be quarrelsome or divi­ STATE INVESTMENT COUNCIL In 1927, the school moved to its current sive, or to detract from the fine work of the of­ The Commissioner of Public Lands holds a home, at 253 Baldwin Avenue, in Jersey City. ficers and troops in the Middle East. The fact seat on the State Investment Council, the St. Joseph's has always worked with other remains, billions of dollars are at stake-and body which oversees the investments and schools, as well as public and private agen­ more lives in the future. In the first blush of management of the Permanent Fund, the ac­ cies to offer its students a superior education, victory, we must be cautious about wholesale count which receives the Land Office reve­ and the school has strived over the years to acceptance of any complex weapons system nues. The vast majority of the investments of the Permanent Fund flow out of state, to meet the changing needs of its students. that crosses the mind of the defense officials Wall Street. As a member of the Investment St. Joseph's did just that in 1960, when it and businesses that supply them. Council, I want to explore possibilities for began serving blind students who were also [From the Washington Post, Feb. 3, 1991] increased investments here in the state of multiply disabled. No other facility in the Unit­ TECHNOPHORIA: WEAPONS VIDEO VS. WEAPONS New Mexico, while ensuring a diversified ed States at the time provided for these stu­ POLICY portfolio that leads to the long-range health dents. (By James Fallows and Scott Shuger) of the fund. Students who are not academically inclined In wartime, we're supposed to pull to­ ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER FOR THE were also brought into St. Joseph's fold gether-but this shouldn't mean that we for­ ENVffiONMENT through prevocational skills classes. get how to think. Yet as soon as the fighting Because protection of our environment is The education program at the school ranges against Iraq began, much of Washington's so important to the preservation of the from courses in traditional academics to opinion-making class let down its critical trust, and because environmental issues music, sensory-motor skills, activities of daily faculties in a way it would be ashamed of in touch upon so many areas of our responsibil­ living, and personal skill development. normal times. ities, I pledged to appoint an assistant com­ Barely three days after the first strike on missioner for environmental affairs. I expect Students are of all ages and the school of­ Baghdad, talk-shows and op-ed pages rang our office to have an active and ongoing dia­ fers a residential program 5 days a week. The with the first great "lesson" of the gulf war: logue with environmental organizations and St. Joseph's School for the Blind community "High technology" worked for America's other groups concerned with conservation is­ residence helps students learn to live on their military. From that it followed that the sues, as well as with the other constitutional own. Reagan administration deserved our thanks officers of government, including the Gov­ While working to ready its students for the for increasing military budgets (although ernor, the Attorney General, and the Con­ outside world, St. Joseph's also tries to ready the Carter administration could fight for gressional delegation. the world for its students. some credit too) and that the "defense re­ CONSERVATION TEAMWORK FOR NEW MEXICO The school encourages visits from edu­ form" movement, which criticized the Pen­ The year 1990 was the 20th Anniversary of tagon's patterns of spending a procurement, cators, health care professionals, volunteer had been proved conclusively wrong. Earth Day, as well as an election year. The groups involving high school students and candidates who were elected for Governor, "This is just an unbelievable validation of senior citizens, and general community what the defense industry has been doing," a Attorney General and Land Commissioner groups. all took strong positions in favor of active Paine Webber analyst named Jack government involvement in environmental By bringing members of the community into Modzelewski was quoted as saying in the Los protection. I believe an important part of contact with blind students, St. Joseph's Angeles Times. George Will looked upon the our margins of victory was due to voter sup­ hopes to break down stereotypes and preju­ Patriot missile and concluded that, since it port for stronger environmental protection. dices. could shoot down Scuds, it was time to re­ Bruce King, Tom Udall and I ran as a team, "We believe the lives of our students are vive SDI. The Scud, of course, has a single who pledged once elected to work together warhead, which follows an absolutely pre­ greatly enhanced when the community itself dictable path as it falls. Soviet missiles, on behalf of New Mexico's present and future acknowledges their equal rights to respect, environment. I look forward to an era of sup­ which SDI is supposed to intercept, have dignity and society's essential services," the many nuclear warheads, each of which can port and cooperation as we strive to be good school states. stewards of a beautiful land. be maneuvered as it hones in on its target­ Through its efforts, St. Joseph's has pro­ and which, unlike Scuds, must be destroyed vided a superior educational experience to far, far away from the target if lives are to New Jersey's blind residents. The school has be saved. Distinctions like these would come TRIBUTE TO ST. JOSEPH'S SCHOOL automatically to Will or most other people FOR THE BLIND FOR 100 YEARS helped visually impaired residents prepare for work and life. in analyzing other subjects. They should be OF SERVICE IN NEW JERSEY made about "high tech" and "defense re­ Mr. Speaker, I am sure my distinguished form" as well. HON. FRANK J. GUARINI colleagues would like to join me in congratu­ The Patriots have in fact been effective, lating St. Joseph's faculty, staff, and students which tells us something about "point de­ OF NEW JERSEY on their learning efforts and wish them contin­ fense" systems. But it proves almost nothing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ued success during the next 100 years. about the Reagan budgets on high-tech Thursday, March 7, 1991 weaponry in general. To turn the logic around, the most "advanced" and expensive Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, on March 19, TECHNOPHORIA: WEAPONS VIDEO single weapon of the Reagan years was the 1991, St. Joseph's School for the Blind in Jer­ VERSUS WEAPONS POLICY B-1 bomber, which has not been sent on a sey City, NJ, will celebrate its centennial. This single sortie over Iraq. nonprofit, nonsectarian school is dedicated to The argument about appropriate weaponry teaching the blind and helping society recog­ HON. MARlY RUSSO is often presented as a simple high-tech ver­ OF ILLINOIS nize the needs of the visually impaired. sus low-tech choice, as if it were a matter of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I would like to call the attention of my distin­ preferring swords and muskets to laser-guid­ guished colleagues to the many contributions Thursday, March 7, 1991 ed bombs and night-vision tanks. We should be interested in any level of technology that St. Joseph's has made over the past 100 Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to works; but we should be empiricists, wanting years in Hudson County, NJ, my congres­ share with my colleagues a most informative to be convinced case by case, via thorough sional district. article on U.S. weaponry and the Persian Gulf testing and performance. The defense reform Several Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace start­ war. Written by James Fallows and Scott analysis was never about technology per se. ed the school in 1891, offering courses to Shuger, this piece appeared in the Washing­ It was, above all else, about military effec­ blind children and adults in Jersey City. The ton Post last month. tiveness, which lead to a subsidiary bias Sisters of Peace still work at the school and As the authors so eloquently point out, we against needless complexity in weapons de­ are the sponsoring agency for St. Joseph's. are in danger of enthusing over the success of sign. Complexity is not the same thing as high The school also employs lay personnel. St. our high technology at the expense of a truly technology: a semiconductor chip is much Joseph's accepts students of every race, eth­ critical analysis of the real effectiveness of our more technologically advanced than a vacu­ nicity, and creed. weaponry arsenal. We must still decide, on a um tube, yet it is much simpler, more robust Both in 1891 and today, St. Joseph's of­ case-by-case basis, if a weapon is effective and more effective in military or civilian fered a traditional educational program and an enough. use. By analogy, certain weapons use ad- 5628 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 vanced technology to become more reliable; ratio suggested by the very few videos the tactical realities. We must still think, rather One example is the A-10 attack plane, which Pentagon has shown. than just enthuse, about the way to build carried out very dangerous low-level mis­ Similarly, we have been told in briefings our forces. sions in the first two weeks of combat with­ that Tomahawk cruise missiles, the only out suffering any losses. Jamming devices truly new weapon used so far in Iraq, have and anti-radiation missiles, which home in hit more than 90 percent of their targets. Yet on the enemy's radar, are technologically ad­ just two days ago CNN ran footage of Toma­ CONGRATULATIONS TO EVELYN vanced and yet effective. (That these com­ hawks flying into Baghdad and destroying PARINE ON: 50 YEARS OF SERVICE paratively low-cost technical edges have not residential buildings. Cruise missiles may be been the main object of the pundits' atten­ promising, but we should see more evidence tion is a tell-tale indication of the true na­ of their performance, especially about their ture of their ardor.) vulnerability even to unguided fire from the HON. GLENN POSHARD The problem with complexity is that it in­ ground. OF ILLINOIS troduces more possibilities for failure-with­ Cost has been the great unmentionable in in the machine itself, between man and ma­ the " everything works" reaction. Against IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chine and between the machine and the envi­ any enemy except one we outspend 50 to 1, ronment in which it's used. Highly complex our resources are limited. Choosing to build Thursday, March 7, 1991 weapons cost more to build and are harder to one weapon means choosing not to build or Mr. POSHARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay maintain, so for the same amount of money properly maintain another-in the case of there are fewer of them in action. The appro­ complex weapons, choosing to build one F- tribute to one of the outstanding citizens of priate level of complexity, then, depends on 117 or B-2 means choosing not to build scores southern Illinois, Mrs. Evelyn Parine of Royal­ how effective they are-in realistic tests and of A-lO's or F-16s. During the Vietnam War, ton, ll. in combat. about two-thirds of all sorties flown were to On Sunday, April 7, she celebrates 50 years What the empirical evidence from Persian drop ordnance. In the gulf, only about half of playing the piano for the Royalton United Gulf combat tells us is * * * almost nothing are-the rest are for the increased support Methodist Church, and her church will gather so far. No one yet knows the most crucial these airplanes require. Expensive, delicate fact about ·this war: how it will turn out. It weapons have to be not just good, but far that day to give its thanks to her and to God seems certain that the U.S. side will prevail, better than good, because of the options they for bringing her to them. since its material advantages are so over­ foreclose. Music is truly God's gift, meant to bring joy, whelming. (Defense Secretary Richard B. Indeed, the wave of excitement about the understanding, and insight into our lives. Cheney has emphasized that Iraq spent S50 weapons is itself a sign of trouble. If there Some of us He blesses more fully than others, billion over the past decade to build its vast were more realistic testing within the Penta­ and certainly God blessed Evelyn generously, arsenal. The U.S. military has spent $50 bil­ gon, there would be less doubt about how the lion since Thanksgiving and over the last weapons would actually perform. But the to provide her with this talent as a musician, decade outspent Iraq about 50 to 1.) system that develops the weapons has a bias and this devotion to her church family. Her But, despite the spectacular videotapes, we against realistic testing; it is not by acci­ constancy is not unlike the Methodist flame do not yet know how effective our weapons dent that overpriced fiascos like the B-2 which burns as a symbol of God's never encf. have been in the unpredictable cir­ bomber have rarely been tested at all, and ing love for us, and she has helped keep that cumstances of real war. Two days into the then usually fraudulently. Both the Toma­ fighting, U.S. military briefers said they be­ hawk and the Stealth fighter were proposed flame alive in this and other churches in this lieved that all the fixed-site Scud launchers for use in Libya in 1986--and both were area in a very special way. had been destroyed. The Scuds kept coming turned down, because the Pentagon was A strong church usually has a strong music and, according to sources in the Pentagon, it afraid they would fail. program to help accent the fellowship and love now appears that most of the "fixed-site The Pentagon procurement system-with found within the body and spirit of the con­ launchers" initially hit were in fact decoys. its bias against realistic testing and gregation. For Evelyn it has been 50 steady A Soviet expert told the BBC last week he costcutting, with its potential to convert the had advised the Iraqis on techniques of de­ officer corps into' budget-boosters rather years. Her fellow church members find it hard ception such as hiding airplanes in apart­ than military leaders-is at the heart of the to remember a time when she has missed a ment buildings and painting " craters" on " reform" debate. Almost every outside anal­ service, from the days she started as a 16 runways to deter further bombing runs to ysis of the system's incentives and perform­ year old to the present. I do understand that keep the U.S. technical advantage from ance concluded that things are severely her health has caused her to take a little time being put to full use. With similar tricks the amiss. Paine Webber's Modzelewski gave the from the piano bench recently, but Evelyn is Iraqi command-and-control system remained game away with his reaction to the first at least partly operational under intense at­ news from the war: "The real beneficiaries still a driving force for this church and in the tack. are going to be the big conpanies like Gen­ ministry of music, helping young musicians im­ Nor do we know how many of our weapons eral Dynamics, McDonnell Douglas and prove their talents and offering her beautiful have slithered through windows and down Lockheed." The weapons that work often alto voice in song as well. chimneys, compared to how many have land­ emerge in spite of this system rather than Churches are a vital part of our lives, from ed in empty fields or on civilian targets. The because of it-for instance, the Air Force mistakes too are recorded on tape that is for tried to wriggle out of the A- 10. providing a stable refuge for our families from now, and perhaps forever, unseen. After the Although it's now a cliche to remark that the trials of daily life, friends to share our days bombing raid of Libya in 1986, the Pentagon there is still a long way t o go in this war, with, and Jesus Christ in which to find salva­ released a video of a direct hit. That turned and that major ground action is increasingly tion. And for these many years now Evelyn out to have been one of the few accurate likely many in Washington (in and out of has helped make that experience real with her bombing runs. A GAO analysis of the mission uniform) with and without TV shows) don't loving treatment of "What A Day That Will Be" concluded that laser-guided bombs were ac­ seem to have realized that this prospect tually less accurate than old-fashioned alone should dampen their technophoria. The or "I Walk With The King". How many people unguided bombs. consequences of technical failure look much she has helped understand and believe in the In the 1989 raid on Panama, a bomb from different when we move from the Tomahawk truth of Christ we will probably never know, an F-117 Stealth fighter missed its target by to the Abrams tank or the TOW anti-tank but they are surely better for it, and know they over 300 yards, despite the Pentagon's initial missile. And as defense consultant Pierre have been blessed by her efforts. claims of "pinpoint accuracy." In an aston­ Sprey observed "When an air-to-ground mis­ I am honored to offer my thanks for her ishing interview last week on CNN, John sile fails, the pilot still comes home. When Lehman said off-handedly that when he was an infantryman TOW fails, he does not come service and devotion, and appreciate the op­ secretary of the Navy he used to pay settle­ home." portunity to share the love and respect for her ments "at least once a month" for damage The point of these cautions is not to say on this important day. Evelyn, we are praying done when laser-guided bombs hit resort "nothing works" or to quibble about imper­ for you, and thank God for bringing you to us towns in California and Nevada, two or three fections. The question we should consider, to make our voices rise with song and hearts miles from the target area. Lehman later once we know enough about the gulf war to move with the spirit of faith and love. told Fred Kaplan, of the Boston Globe, that draw sensible conclusions, is whether our laser-guided weapons were hitting targets in weapons proved effective enough-enough to Iraq about 60 percent of the time. This, Leh­ forestall a grisly land warfare, enough to jus­ man said, was "consistent with the test per­ tify their great cost. We won't always enjoy formances"-but quite inconsistent with the such a onesided advantage in spending and March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5629 VIRGIN ISLANDERS AND THE preferable? The bill I am introducing today LEGISLATION INTRODUCED TO GULF WAR would allow a State affected by offshore leas­ PROVIDE OIG WITH FULL LAW ing to have the final decision over whether ENFORCEMENT POWERS HON. RON de LUGO such leasing should occur. OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS Under my approach, the Secretary of the In­ HON. HARLEY 0. STAGGERS, JR. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES terior would make the initial leasing decision, OF WEST VIRGINIA Thursday, March 7, 1991 but the State would have the right to dis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES approve the Secretary's decision under appro­ Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I am extremely priate provisions of State law. In some States, Thursday , March 7, 1991 proud to rise today to commend the more than disapproval of leasing could be done through Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today 300 Virgin Island's men and women who a statewide referendum. along with eight of our colleagues to introduce served so bravely in Operation Desert Storm Offshore drilling decisions need to be de­ legislation that will provide full law enforce­ in the Persian Gulf. cided by State citizens-those who would ment powers to all criminal investigators in the They have brought honor to the Virgin Is­ enjoy the benefits of drilling but must live with Offices of Inspectors General. This legislation lands and to the Nation as they stood, shoul­ any adverse consequences. My bill would ac­ would confer authority to make arrests, exe­ der to shoulder, with the allied forces that lib­ complish that, and I recommend it to my col­ cute search warrants, and carry firearms. erated Kuwait and brought an end to the terror leagues. This legislation will do much to improve the that held the people of the gulf for more than effectiveness of the dedicated investigators half a year. who investigate cases of waste, fraud, and Certainly, our President is to be com­ THE lOOTH ANNIVERSARY OF abuse of Government agencies. While this mended for his leadership al')d resolve, as he NORTH CAROLINA A&T-A GREAT legislation is effective in improving law en­ marshaled our allies, called the troops to ac­ UNIVERSITY forcement, it is very important to note that it tion, and gave the military command the lati­ will not cost the taxpayers a penny to make tude to complete the war in a way that brought HON. HOWARD COBLE this change. As a matter of fact, there are esti­ the conflict to a quick and necessary conclu­ OF NORTH CAROLINA mates available that show that millions of dol­ sion. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lars can be saved if this legislation is passed. Through the generations, Virgin Islanders Thursday, March 7, 1991 There are nearly 2,000 investigators who have answered the call to. duty: in World War are charged under statute with the ability to II, in Korea, and in Vietnam. Mr. COBLE. Mr. Speaker, 1991 marks the conduct investigations of programs and oper­ Again, Virgin Islanders have proven they 1OOth anniversary of a great institution of high­ ations in their agencies. Let me be very clear, have the bravery, the skill, and the determina­ er learning in our district-North Carolina Agri­ this legislation does nothing to extend the tion to stand in harm's way when called, to cultural & Technical State University in protect and defend the freedoms of our great Greensboro, NC. For the past century, North scope of cases these agents can investigate. Nation. Carolina A& T State University has provided a This legislation simply frees these agents to Again, Virgin Islanders have taken their quality education to tens of thousands of stu­ do the job we hired them to do--get the white places beside men and women from through­ dents. All of us who are supporters of A& T collar criminals who are stealing from the out the Nation, to show to the world their met­ State look forward to the next 100 years. American taxpayer. tle. For those of you who are not familiar with Special agents in the Offices of Inspectors Mr. Speaker, Virgin Islanders may not be NC A&T State University, the school is Ameri­ General [OIG] meet the same training and ex­ able to vote for President, our Commander in ca's largest producer of black engineers. The perience as agents in other Federal agencies Chief. We may not have a vote on this floor. university has one of only three engineering that have full law enforcement authority. All But, as we have proven again in the Persian schools in the University of North Carolina OIG agents must pass the criminal investiga­ Gulf, we certainly are more than worthy. system. NC A&T State University also is a tors course at the Federal law enforcement I commend each and every Virgin Island's participating institution in the State's micro­ training center or similar training at the FBI man and woman for what they have done for electronics center. In cooperation with NC Academy. this great Nation, and I thank them. They have State University, NC A& T State University re­ More than two-thirds of the special agents helped to preserve freedom and justice and ceived a 5-year $8.4 million grant to establish have previous employment in traditional law show the world what Americans and Virgin Is­ a Mars Space Research Center. enforcement agencies. According to informa­ landers stand for. These are just a few of the exciting projects tion I have received nearly 20 percent of the being undertaken by NC A&T State University. OIG agents hold advanced degrees and near­ The school's strength originates with rigorous ly 90 percent have college degrees, this corn­ LET'S HAVE THE STATES DECIDE academic programs operated through its pares very favorably with other Federal law OFFSHORE DRILLING schools of agriculture, business and econom­ enforcement agencies. And these statistics are ics, education, engineering, graduate studies, very enlightening in helping to demonstrate HON. TOM CAMPBEll nursing, and technology, and arts and the high caliber of professionals who work in OF CALIFORNIA sciences. The school can boast of famous these offices. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES graduates such as Dr. Ronald McNair, Rev. Mr. Speaker, let me once again thank those Jesse Jackson, and Gen. Charles D. Bussey. Thursday, March 7, 1991 Members who have joined me as original co­ There is one other graduate I would like to sponsors of this legislation. I appreciate their Mr. CAMPBELL of California. Mr. Speaker, mention, and he is my good friend Mr. George assistance and urge other Members to join us today I am introducing legislation that would Russell. George, who is the Assistant Chief and help collar criminals who are abusing the make the offshore leasing process much more Clerk of the House, is one of the best ambas­ American taxpayers. responsive to State and local concerns. sadors that NC A&T State University has ever Under current law, the Federal Government produced. He is a proud alumnus of the has the final decision over whether to drill in school, and he is a fine example of the quality BAN THE STEEL-JAW LEGHOLD areas farther than 3 miles offshore. In recent of students produced by NC A&T State Uni­ TRAP years, Federal leasing proposals have met versity over the last 100 years. with heated opposition from citizens of the af­ On March 12, 1991, the school will cele­ HON. JAMES H. SCHEUER fected States, leading Congress to impose brate its centennial "Charter Day" at the OF NEW YORK leasing moratoriums in the appropriations Corbett Sports Center. To all of those partici­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES process each year since 1982. We might ex­ pating in these activities we offer our con­ pect a similar move in response to the Interior gratulations on 100 years of academic excel­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 Department's recently released 5-year OCS lence. Everyone in the Sixth District of North Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ leasing plan. Carolina looks forward to the next 100 years troducing a bill to end the use of steel-jaw Wouldn't a more permanent approach, one of quality higher education at North Carolina leghold animal traps in the United States. This that reflects the views of a State's citizens, be Agricultural and Technical State University. essential legislation will put an end to the in- 5630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 humane treatment that continues to inflict un­ deavor and leadership roles in activities on and data systems specialist positions, whether necessary pain and injury on upward of and off campus. performed in an FAA field facility, its regional 30,000 animals annually in the United States. John wants to be an astronaut, and accord­ offices, or its headquarters in Washington. The suffering caused by the leghold trap be­ ing to his professors he probably will be. He This exclusion significantly discourages air gins with its steel jaws slamming shut on the has had internships at NASA's Lewis Re­ traffic controllers from seeking or accepting animal's limb; causing excrutiating pain as the search Center, the Lawrence Livermore Na­ assignments and promotions into the manage­ helpless animal attempts in vain to escape. tional Laboratory, MIT's Lincoln Lab, and rial and staff ranks at the FAA. Often the animal will be forced to chew off his NASA's Space Life Science Training Program. The legislation I have introduced would pro­ own limb in order to extricate itself from this His specialty is space propulsion. He is, in vide significant assistance to the FAA in reliev­ insidious device. Any animal who does in fact other words, a rocket scientist. He also hajr ing recruitment problems currently associated manage to escape the deadly clutches of the pens to be a rocket scientist who has never with management and administrative positions steel-jaw trap faces illness and death from in­ received a grade other than an A. John is a in its air traffic operations by providing credit fection, blood poisoning, loss of blood, and bilingual computer programmer, fluent in Basic for time spent in secondary positions toward gangrene. The horrifying reality is that these and Fortran. He tutors other students in the 20 or 25 years required for retirement ben­ are the fortunate ones. Those unable to es­ science and math, and helped to devise a pro­ efits. The bill would assure that civil service cape lie dying, completely helpless to attacks gram for elementary students at Jackson State laws governing retirement do not penalize air from nearby prey, freezing temperatures, or observatory. traffic controllers who are promoted in the ca­ starvation. These instruments of torture do not John is from Natchez, MS. He is the son of reer ladder into managerial and administrative discriminate in their carnage, often capturing Alice and the late Henderson Foster. He will positions. household pets, livestock, and endangered receive a B.S. degree in May as valedictorian In fact, it would bring the treatment of super­ species; such as, hawks, eagles, and owls. of his class. I am confident that he will be in visors and managers in the air traffic control There are several less cruel but equally effec­ the forefront of this Nation's next generation of profession into line with other stressful occu­ tive ways to catch animals; such as, cage and leaders. pations such as law enforcement and firefight­ box traps, and cable coated legsnares. Ani­ I commend John on the example he has set ing. In 1972, Congress recognized the need to mals trapped mistakenly by these alternative for other Mississippians. He is truly a beacon provide incentives for promotion into manage­ traps can be released with little or no injury. of light and hope. rial ranks when it extended retirement credit to In addition to the animal cruelty involved secondary positions held by law enforcement with the use of the steel-jaw trap, we need this officers and firefighters. It is now time to rec­ legislation in order to protect and preserve the INTRODUCTION OF H.R. 815 ognize the need to extend these retirement health of our fur industry. On September 10, benefits to air traffic control secondary posi­ 1990, the European Parliament, recognizing HON. JAMES L. OBERSTAR tions and remove the disincentive for well the cruelty involved with the steel-jaw leghold OF MINNESOTA qualified people to seek these positions. trap, recommended a ban on furs from coun­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, this measure will promote and tries that have not outlawed these traps. By Thursday, March 7, 1991 advance the quality of our Nation's air traffic not acting immediately to outlaw these traps, control system. When it is enacted, every air we risk losing a major market for our fur in­ Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Speaker, studies of passenger and air carrier will benefit from the dustry, namely the European Community. the management structure of the Federal Avia­ management improvements it provides toward This vital legislation prohibits the use in tion Administration have indicated the need for assuring that our air traffic system remains the interstate and foreign commerce of the traps reforms that permit the FAA to more effec­ world's best. and forbids the sale of all fur caught with the tively attract experienced air traffic controllers I urge our colleagues to join me in cospon­ steel-jaw leghold trap. I implore my distin­ into the managerial and staff ranks of the soring this legislation. Members should have guished colleagues to join with the various agency. their staff call David Bleicken in my office at animal rights groups throughout the United I, along with Representatives CLINGER, DE extension 56211 if they wish to cosponsor States, and the over 60 cosponsors from all LUGO, DE FAZIO, LIPINSKI, 0AKAR, and PENNY H.R. 815. over the country and both sides of the aisle in have introduced H.R. 815 which will assist the banning these traps; just as the States of Flor­ FAA in recruiting and retaining the highest ida, Rhode Island, New Jersey, and more than quality of supervisor and managers into our BELMAR, NJ, ST. PATRICK'S DAY 50 countries around the world have done. Nation's air traffic control system. PARADE Lefs put an end to this atrocious act against Currently the FAA has difficulty in recruiting all of nature. exceptionally qualified candidates into second­ HON. FRANK PAUONE, JR. level supervisory and managerial positions in OF NEW JERSEY air traffic control-related operations. This situa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HONORING JOHN E. FOSTER-A tion is largely due to the disparity in retirement REMARKABLE YOUNG MAN benefits between air traffic control positions Thursday, March 7, 1991 and second-level supervisory, managerial, and Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, Irish-Ameri­ HON. MIKE PARKER staff positions for which air traffic control expe­ cans from a three-State area, as well as many OF MISSISSIPPI rience is a prerequisite. other Americans from a variety of ethnic back­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Retirement benefits are currently available grounds, will be gathering in Belmar, NJ, on to air traffic controllers, first-level supervisors, Sunday afternoon, March 10, to witness Thursday, March 7, 1991 and traffic management coordinators after 25 Belmar's 18th Annual St. Patrick's Day Pa­ Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, today I stand in years of service regardless of age, or 20 years rade, which has become the biggest and best the Halls of Congress, in the people's Cham­ of service at age 50. However, under current attended St. Patrick's Day Parade in the State ber, to speak in honor of a remarkable young law, prospective candidates for secondary po­ of New Jersey. man and citizen of my district, Mr. John E. sitions in air traffic operations are discouraged The parade, from its modest beginning, Foster. from seeking or accepting promotions into under the sponsorship of Jerry Lynch Social John is a senior at Jackson State University, such positions because time spent in second­ and Civic Club in 1973, has grown tremen­ in Jackson, MS, majoring in physics. He was ary air traffic positions does not qualify for dously every year. The 1990 parade attracted recently selected as 1 of 20 college under­ credit for early retirement purposes under cur- a record crowd of 150,000--by police count­ graduates from across the country to Gan­ rent civil service laws. ' who jampacked both sides of Belmar's mile­ nett's USA Today's 1991 All-USA College According to the FAA, approximately 2,900 long Main Street. Academic First Team. The academic first team managerial and staff positions in the air traffic This year's parade, which is dedicated to was chosen by panels of ·educators from 854 work force are excluded from the early retire­ America's men and women in the Persian students nominated by their schools. The cri­ ment coverage. These positions, for which air Gulf, promises to be the best ever. Mr. teria given most consideration were a stu­ traffic control experience is a prerequisite, in­ George McCormack, parade president, and dent's individual scholarship or intellectual en- clude management, staff, training specialist, Mr. Jerry Lynch, the parade's founder, are March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5631 looking forward to another record crowd-1-not SNOWE SUPPORTS THE GUARD * * * I again reiterate that I feel that we only in the number of spectators, but also in AND RESERVES . Reservists who have been recalled to Active Duty in support of Desert Shield/Desert the line of the march. Storm feel like the Few, the Proud, the For­ The bagpipe bands, always a big attraction HON. OLYMPIA J. SNOWE gotten. I ask you please don't forget us. OF MAINE at Irish events, will number eight. Among them I urge my colleagues to join me in support IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will be the bagpipers from the Friendly Sons of of this bill and I hope for its expeditious pas­ St. Patrick of Old Bridge, NJ, who will march Thursday, March 7, 1991 sage through this body so our reservists and in Belmar this Sunday and in the big New Ms. SNOWE. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ their families know that their hard work and York City St. Patrick's Day Parade, March 16, ducing legislation to expand the tax relief pro­ their sacrifice have not been forgotten. then fly to Ireland to march in Dublin's St. Pat­ vided for our troops deployed to Saudi Arabia rick Parade the next day, March 17, and the to the Guard and reservists who were de­ parade in the Irish city of Limerick on March ployed overseas. RECOGNIZE OUR SENIOR CITIZENS 18. Several years ago, the Old Bridge pipers Over 206,000 reservists were activated to ON NATIONAL SENIOR CITIZENS won first prize among the foreign bands at support Operation Desert Storm and Desert DAY Dublin. Shield. One of the first reserve units to be ac­ In addition to the bagpipers, the line of tivated was the Naval Reserve Unit HON. LAWRENCE J. SMITH march will include over 2,000 marchers from COMSCMED 201 homeported in Bangor, ME. OF FLORIDA 125 organizations, and bands from the area's I visited with these men and women in late IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES elementary and high schools and other organi­ August just before they were shipped out. Thursday, March 7, 1991 They were given little notice and have been zations, the beauty queen and her court and Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, yester­ some 10 floats. away from their family, their friends, and their businesses for over 6 months. day I introduced legislation to designate Sun­ The parade is the big feature of the St. Pat­ Since the end of August they have worked day, August 17, 1991, as "National Senior rick weekend in Belmar, but certainly not the throughout Europe to keep the massive sealift Citizens Day." America's senior citizens de­ only event. On Saturday, March 9, the grand operation of supplies, equipment, and troops serve our acknowledgement of their continued marshal, Mr. John F. Fleming of Point Pleas­ moving. Their job was an essential ingredient contributions to our Nation. ant, NJ, senior vice president and auditor of in ensuring the success of Operation Desert Last year, we were able to pass House the Carteret Savings Bank, and the deputy Storm. Joint Resolution 591, Public Law 101-88, grand marshal, Mrs. Isabel Ann Smith of I have received letters from several mem­ which recognized our senior citizens. Please Avon, NJ, will be inducted at a special mass bers of the outfit recently, expressing concern join me again this year so that we can give at Belmar's St. Rose Church. that their efforts in support of the war have our senior citizens the same honor. The Most Reverend Edward U. Kmiec, aux­ been forgotten. I would like to share with you Our Nation's senior citizens are a wealth of iliary bishop of the Trenton Diocese, will be a portion of one of these letters: knowledge and history. Since many are no the concelebrant, with 15 priests attending. I am writing this because I am concerned longer working and perhaps retired far away The choir, under the direction of Mrs. JoAnn that those of us who have been placed in the from their families, our seniors are not always Roy, will present a special program. Parade support role for what is now Operation surrounded by people who may learn from Desert Storm have been forgotten. We have and appreciate their accomplishments. Our founder Mr. Jerry Lynch will sing the "Star­ just been extended for another six months senior citizens are living history, unending Spangled Banner" and the Soldier's Song, and I continue to read about all the support sources of warmth, ideas and experience. and Ireland's national anthem, which he will being given for our fellow sailors and soldiers Our senior citizen population is growing. In do again at the parade site the next day. The in the Gulf and their families. No consider­ 1989, 21 percent of the population consisted ation has been given to the others who have mass will be followed by a communion lunch­ of citizens aged between 55 and 65, while 12 eon at September's Restaurant in Neptune, also given up their jobs, their families, and are ready to give up their lives for our coun­ percent of the population were over 65-the NJ. try. The recent tax waivers granted by Con­ figures from the 1990 census are not yet avail­ It is interesting to note the Irish ancestry of gress left all the rest of us out. It would have able. This phenomenon is due to a number of Grand Marshal Fleming and his wife goes been nice to know that my taxes could have factors including advanced medical technology back well over 200 years, and Deputy Grand waited to be processed after my return and the coming of age of the post-World War Marshal Mrs. Smith can trace her lineage to home-whenever that may be. II baby boomers. Ireland's legendary king, Brian Boru. I and the other members of my unit are To acknowledge the senior citizens in your proud to be serving our country. We an­ Another big event will be the annual St. Pat­ swered the call without question. district and the Nation, please join me in des­ rick's Beauty Pageant scheduled for Friday ignating Sunday, August 17, 1991 , as National The bill I am introducing today would grant Senior Citizens Day. evening, March 1, at Doolan's Restaurant in members of the 201 st and their fellow Guard Spring Lake Heights, NJ. More than 20 young and reservists who were deployed outside the women from the area will compete for the right United States the benefit of a 180-day exten­ to wear the 1991 crown and parade with the REDUCING OVERHEAD COSTS OF sion on their tax filing from the date of their re­ THE GOVERNMENT queen's court in the annual parade. Lois Gal­ turn. lagher, Joan Grace, and Frances Lynch are While some of our troops will begin the trip HON. LAMAR S. SMITH members of the committee-in-charge. home this week, others like the 201 st, who To raise funds, the committee sponsored OF TEXAS work on the transportation of personnel and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES parties at Bar Anticipation in South Belmar, equipment, may not get home for a while. NJ, and September's in Neptune. In addition Our weekend warriors have performed their Thursday, March 7, 1991 to Mr. McCormack and Mr. Lynch, the parade jobs with professionalism, with pride, and with Mr. SMITH of Texas. Mr. Speaker, one-fifth committee includes Mr. Andrew J. Gallagher honor alongside active duty troops both in the of our $1.45 trillion budget consists of over­ and Mr. Dave Stanley. combat zone and throughout the world. Their head, or administrative expenses. Mr. Speaker, I will once again be taking part work, whether it has been in communications, The Government has never made a serious, in the parade on Sunday, as I do every year. shipping, medical assistance, or equipment comprehensive attempt to examine and con­ The Belmar St. Partick's Day Parade is one of operation has played a vital role in the suc­ trol these costs. the major events on the Jersey Shore, and I cess of the United States and our allies in The Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 sets am proud to pay tribute to this great event achieving the objectives of Operation Desert spending caps for the next 5 years. with my colleagues in this House and in the Shield/Desert Storm. They deserve our It is now more important than ever to ensure pages of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. thanks, our praise, and a 180-day extension that every tax dollar is used as effectively as on their taxes. possible. Another reservist from the 201 st stated in For these reasons, I am introducing a reso­ his letter, lution today expressing the sense of Congress 5632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 that better controls on overhead expenses either be contributed to certain plans known benefits-of $19,536. Of this allowance, should be instituted and that it should be the as defined contribution plans, or paid out in $18,744 is employer provided as defined policy of the U.S. Government to reduce over­ benefits from other pension plans known as under section 415. Also, as a result of the em­ head costs by 10 percent in fiscal year 1992. defined benefit plans. Although section 415 ployer pickup of contributions and modest use No personnel would be cut, no programs has been amended over the years, it contin­ of the employer's section 457 plan--8 percent eliminated. ues to impose two basic limits on retirement of pay had been contributed into that plan­ But $27 billion would be saved that could be income provided by defined benefit plans, into this employee had a section 415 percentage used for the public good. which category the vast majority of public em­ of pay limit of $16,788. As a result, the em­ ployee plans fall. Namely, the retiree's benefits ployee would have to suffer a $163 monthly cannot exceed either; first, 100 percent of his cutback during the first year of disability, or SUPPORT FOR HOUSE RESOLUTION or her average income over the 3 consecutive else the entire plan could lose its qualified sta­ 95 years of highest W-2 compensation, or; sec­ tus, and every employee covered under that ond, maximum dollar amount, which may be plan would be taxed currently on their retire­ HON. TIIOMAS M. FOGUETIA actuarially reduced in the case of early retire­ ment contributions. OF PENNSYLV ANlA ment. The legislation which I am introducing will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If the benefits of even one employee hap­ give State and local governments needed pen to exceed either of these section 415 lim­ flexibility, but not at the expense of undermin­ Thursday, March 7, 1991 its simply by OMration of the regular benefit ing Federal limits on the amount of money that Mr. FOGLIETTA. Mr. Speaker, I would like formula under the plan, the entire plan can can be set aside on a tax-deferred basis. My to take this opportunity to explain my support lose its qualified-tax-exempts-status. If a bill will permit public pension plan compliance for House Resolution 95. plan were disqualified, earnings of a pension with section 415 in a manner that acknowl­ This resolution would commend the men plan would be subject to taxation. Further­ edges the technical differences between public and women in the U.S. Armed Forces who more, contributions made by employers would and private pension plans and the legal con­ participated in the military operation in the be taxable to the employee in the tax year in straints that public plan sponsors face. There Persian Gulf. These men and women deserve which they were made. are significant differences between public and our sincere gratitude. They fought hard and Section 415 has been amended in 1976, private pension plans and the Internal Reve­ valiantly. They made us all proud. 1978, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, and 1986. The nue Code should reflect this. Public sector The resolution lauds the soldiers from the thrust of these amendments was to refine the plans already are the subject of intense State other members of the coalition. They, too, de­ provision and to lower the cap on amounts and local government regulation and scrutiny. serve our appreciation. That American soldiers that could be set aside for retirement years, Public employee plans are accountable to vot­ fought side by side with the French, the Brit­ which had been permitted to increase with in­ ers whose taxes fund the State or local gov­ ish, the Saudis, the Kuwaitis, the Egyptians, flation. However, in lowering the cap, Con­ ernment's contribution to the plan, and to the the Italians, and the other allies was vital to gress was forced to confront the legal quan­ same taxpayers to whom we in Congress are the success of this effort. dary in which State and localities found them­ accountable. The resolution expresses the compassion of selves. Their courts or constitutions prohibit a Mr. Speaker, I urge each of my colleagues this body for the families of people who suf­ reduction in a benefit promised when a pen­ to cosponsor this needed legislation. fered losses during this war. I, too, wish to sion participant first becomes covered by the convey my sympathy and condolences to the plan. Since these court decisions are based families and friends around the world in on State and Federal constitutional prohibi­ THE PLASTICS RECYCLING mourning. tions against impairment of contracts, the rul­ ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1991 I do not want my support for this resolution, ings cannot always be overturned merely by however, to imply that I believe there were no amending State laws or State constitutions. HON. TIIOMAS J. BULEY, Jr. mistakes in judgment during this episode in Recognizing that these legal barriers would OF VIRGINIA our history. force States to violate these lower section 415 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There may have been different paths which limits, Congress decided in 1988 to entice would have brought about a peaceful resolu­ State and local government plans to elect the Thursday, March 7, 1991 tion to the conflict. Let's not let the euphoria lower benefit limits. A special rule was pro­ Mr. BULEY. Mr. Speaker, the Environmental of the moment blind us to the lessons which vided that enabled a plan to grandfather bene­ Protection Agency [EPA] estimates that the could be learned not only from our great suc­ fit payments to existing employees and retir­ United States generates 158 million tons of cesses, but our missteps as well. ees that were in excess of pre-1986 limits if municipal solid waste per year. That equals the plan agreed to adopt the lower, post-1986 about 3.5 pounds per person per day. And the dollar limits for new employees hired after De­ task faced by our local governments to find a PUBLIC PENSION EQUITY cember 31, 1989. place to put this solid waste has become RESTORATION ACT OF 1991 Thus, we believed we had leveled the play­ daunting. In 1978, there were roughly 14,000 ing field. Public plans would have the same landfills in the United States; today, it is esti­ HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI benefit limits as private plans without forcing mated that there are about 5,500; in 2003, OF CALIFORNIA violations of contracts and constitutions in the only 1,500 landfills are expected to be in oper­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES various States. The 1988 rule would prohibit ation. higher income persons in the public and pri­ The theme for last year's Earth Day was Thursday, March 7, 1991 vate sector from developing big retirement "Think Globally; Act Locally" and I feel it is a Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ windfalls on a tax-deferred basis. most fitting theme for our solid waste problem. troduce the Public Pension Equity Restoration Unfortunately, we were wrong. Even with Our solid waste stream will not change unless Act of 1991. This legislation is designed to re­ grandfathering, section 415 limits will still be we in the community start changing some of spond to the unfortunate fact that our pension exceeded by public plans, but not because of our personal lifestyle choices. It is as simple laws do not reflect the unique characteristics a few, highly compensated academics, football as that. Beyond that, our local governments of our State and local governments, their pen­ coaches, or public safety employees with large are in the best position to design and manage sion plans and beneficiaries. amounts of overtime. Thanks to the 100 per­ a voluntary or mandatory recycling program in Specifically, I am referring to section 415 of cent limit, even someone receiving a pension an efficient manner. the Internal Revenue Code, which was initially of less than $20,000 a year will violate section Of course, these actions will not totally solve enacted as part of the Employee Retirement 415. Take this real-life example. A local public our problem until this garbage can be properly Income Security Act of 1974 [ERISA]. Its pur­ safety employee was hired jn 1981 and retired viewed as a resource. This is the area in pose is to limit the ability to accumulate retire­ at age 33 as a result of a disability suffered in which the Federal Government has an appro­ ment income on a tax-deferred basis, particu­ the line of duty. This employee's final salary priate role. Today, approximately 80 percent of larly through the use of employer-deductible was $24,996, resulting in an unmodified an­ plastic refuse is buried in landfills. One of the contributions, by capping the amount that can nual retirement allowance-including annuity reasons for this untapped resource being March 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5633 treated as garbage is that recyclers have great charge for congressional campaign ads of 1- air quality standards are exceeded over 200 difficulty determining the resin content of the minute or longer in duration. If a congressional days a year. On-road vehicles in the basin multitude of different plastic products. I am candidate wants to go negative, he can, but it add 43 times as much carbon monoxide [CO] pleased to join with my colleague from Illinois, would cost him significantly less to take the as all the basin's stationary emissions Mr. BRUCE today to introduce the Plastics Re­ high road. sources. cycling Assistance Act of 1991. This bill will Mr. Speaker, the American people were dis­ Switching Claremont's 12 patrol cars from take a simple yet important step by establish­ appointed that the 101 st Congress failed to gasoline to propane fuel won't solve Los An­ ing a uniform system of symbols to label the enact campaign finance reform. This Congress geles' smog problems alone, but it will cut resins used in the containers. must act quickly to restore public confidence smog emissions from those vehicles by 40 This bill is not overburdening regulation or in our electoral system. The features of this percent, and save the city $900 per month in added redtape. This bill is the Federal Govern­ legislation will greatly improve the way we the process. I was proud to have played a role ment establishing national standards that will elect our Congress, and I urge Members to in the crafting of the Clean Air Act amend­ allow the private sector and our local govern­ support it. I want to thank Dr. Norman ments signed by President Bush last year, but ments to meet the solid waste challenge in a Ornstein of the American Enterprise Institute air quality in Los Angeles, Claremont, and more efficient and cost-effective manner. I for his assistance in drafting this measure. around the Nation won't improve without ev­ again want to note the leadership of Mr. eryone doing their small part. BRUCE on this issue and urge my colleagues to support this worthy measure. THE WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1991 1991 DROUGHT: CALIFORNIA'S CONTINUING WATER BATTLE CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGN HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER FINANCE REFORM OF COLORADO HON. GARY CONDIT IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CALIFORNIA HON. BUllER DERRICK Thursday, March 7, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF SOUTH CAROLINA Thursday, March 7, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, in observ­ ance of International Women's Day, March 8, Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Thursday, March 7, 1991 I join my colleague, Representative OLYMPIA discuss an issue of great importance to my Mr. DERRICK. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted SNOWE, in introducing the Women in Develop­ constituents and the entire State of California. to reintroduce today legislation to reform the ment Act of 1991. Our bill will ensure that de­ As you know, California is facing one of the way congressional candidates finance their velopment agencies-the Agency for Inter­ most severe droughts in years. All sectors of campaigns. national Development and the Peace Corps, the population have been affected by the dras­ Critics of the current system have charged do not ignore the vital roles women play in the tic water shortages of this year. in recent years that congressional candidates world's economy. The Governor has asked all water districts rely too heavily on contributions from political Women produce, process, and market up to to prepare contingency plans to deal with a action committees, or PAC's, and too little on 80 percent of the food in developing countries, worst case scenario, which would be a con­ contributions from individual voters back run up to 70 percent of all microenterprises, tinuation of the drought into next year. The home. They have succeeded in planting the and maintain one-third of all households. Obvi­ State water project has cut all agriculture idea in many peoples' minds that PAC con­ ously, to successfully promote Third World de­ water deliveries for the year and the Federal tributions are inherently evil because PAC's velopment women must be included in the Government has cut agriculture water deliv­ serve only the interests of fatcats at the aver­ process. eries from 25 to 75 percent depending on ex­ age citizen's expense. Eighteen years ago, with the passage of the isting contracts. There are some who believe Although I disagree with the critics' premise, Percy amendment to the Foreign Assistance that the answer to our drought situation is to I strongly agree that congressional candidates Act, Congress recognized this need by requir­ suspend all deliveries, except for permanent should shift their fundraising away from PAC's ing the U.S. bilateral assistance programs pay crops, to California's farmers. I disagree with and more toward individual contributors, for special attention to development activities that this suggestion and urge my colleagues to several reasons. First is the public's growing integrate women into the national economies bear in mind the very important economic im­ perception of PAC's as special interests. Sec­ of their countries. To ensure that we inte­ pact of California agriculture. ond, increased small contributions would lead grated women into development projects we The California agriculture industry is an $18 candidates to get out and meet more voters must spell out minimum goals for the Agency billion a year industry employing over 360,000 face to face. Finally, the overwhelming major­ for International Development and the Peace people. Each dollar in agricultural sales gen­ ity of PAC contributions flow to incumbents, so Corps. Our bill does exactly that. erates an additional $3.50 in increased eco­ our current system makes it tough for chal­ I ask my colleagues to join us in cosponsor­ nomic activity within the State. Nearly 20 per­ lengers to raise enough money to mount cred­ ing this important improvement in development cent of the State's work force is involved in an ible campaigns. priorities. agriculturally related industry. My legislation would reduce the amount In addition, California agriculture provides a PAC's can contribute to congressional can­ very important component of U.S. exports-10 didates from the current $5,000 per election to PRAISE FOR CITY OF CLARE- percent of the Nation's agricultural exports are $2,000. The bill also encourages small donors MONT'S · ALTERNATIVE FUEL from California. The production from one out to contribute by creating a tax deduction of up FLEET of every three acres in California ends up in to $200 for contributions to candidates from a the export market. Clearly, a drop in California taxpayer's home State. To encourage can­ HON. DAVID DREIER agriculture production will have an impact on didates to solicit such contributions, the bill OF CALIFORNIA our Nation's economy. provides for dollar-for-dollar Federal matching IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There are many communities in California payments for all qualifying contributions. To that depend on the vital agriculture industry for weed out frivolous candidates, only those who Thursday, March 7, 1991 their survival. Proposals to completely shut demonstrate broad appeal by raising at least Mr. DRIER of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise down farm operations ignore the economic re­ $25,000 in increments of $200 or less would today to commend the city of Claremont, CA, percussions that would result in these numer­ be eligible to receive Federal matching pay­ for its decision to adapt its police cars to use ous communities. The issue is not between ments. propane fuel, and to remind everyone that we farmers and city dwellers, but between the I also believe candidates rely too much on all have a role in improving the quality of the continuation of an important- industry and the negative, often vicious campaigns centered air we breathe. livelihood of a great many Californians. I urge around 30-second TV commercials which say Claremont is a city which suffers from col­ my colleagues to keep these important facts in relatively little about issues. My bill requires lected Los Angeles smog as it blows east. In mind when presented with choices on the cur­ broadcasters to provide their lowest unit the Los Angeles basin, one or more Federal rent and future uses of water in California. 5634 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 7, 1991 PRESIDENT BUSH SINGLES OUT dent singled out the actions of a member of diers surrendering," the President said, not NASHVILLE GUARDSMAN'S ACT the Tennessee National Guard, a Nashvillian. mentioning 1st Sgt. Sieberling by name. AS SYMBOL OF COMPASSION These actions, he said, were a.symbol of how "They emerged from their bunker broken, generous and caring Americans are. tears streaming from their eyes, fearing the HON. BOB CLEMENT In his speech last night, President Bush worst. And then there was the American sol­ OF TENNESSEE spoke of a February 26, CNN clip showing 1st dier. Remember what he said? He said: 'It's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sgt. Charles Sieberling accepting the surren­ OK. You're all right now. You're all right now.' Thursday, March 7,1991 ders of Iraqi soldiers. "That scene says a lot about America," the Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, President I am proud to inform my colleagues that 1st President said, "a lot about who we are. Bush last night spoke for all Americans in Sgt. Sieberling is assigned to the Tennessee Americans are a caring people. We are a thanking our Nation's armed services for their Army Guard's 212th Engineer Company at good people, a caring people. Let us always tremendous victory in the Persian Gulf war. Dunlap and has been in Saudi Arabia since be caring and good and generous in all we This victory, he pointed out, was a victory November 11 . He has been a member of the do." for every country in the coalition and for the National Guard since 1975 and served in the Like all Americans, I am proud of 1st Sgt. United Nations. It was a victory for unprece­ Army in Korea and South America. He was a Sieberling's simple act. He confirmed what we dented international cooperation and diplo­ Metro Nashville councilman in 1971-75 and all know to be true-that America does not macy. It was a victory of right over might, jus­ served for a time as a cryptographer for Presi­ have designs on Iraq, that it does not have a tice over injustice, freedom over oppression. dent John F. Kennedy. dispute with the Iraqi people, particularly the Our fight was an act of selflessness. And, "I'm sure many of you saw on television the conscripts Saddam Hussein put on the front as an example of that selflessness, the Presi- unforgettable scene of four terrified Iraqi sol- lines.