Iraq: Options for U.S
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The Regime Change Consensus: Iraq in American Politics, 1990-2003
THE REGIME CHANGE CONSENSUS: IRAQ IN AMERICAN POLITICS, 1990-2003 Joseph Stieb A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the College of Arts and Sciences. Chapel Hill 2019 Approved by: Wayne Lee Michael Morgan Benjamin Waterhouse Daniel Bolger Hal Brands ©2019 Joseph David Stieb ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Joseph David Stieb: The Regime Change Consensus: Iraq in American Politics, 1990-2003 (Under the direction of Wayne Lee) This study examines the containment policy that the United States and its allies imposed on Iraq after the 1991 Gulf War and argues for a new understanding of why the United States invaded Iraq in 2003. At the core of this story is a political puzzle: Why did a largely successful policy that mostly stripped Iraq of its unconventional weapons lose support in American politics to the point that the policy itself became less effective? I argue that, within intellectual and policymaking circles, a claim steadily emerged that the only solution to the Iraqi threat was regime change and democratization. While this “regime change consensus” was not part of the original containment policy, a cohort of intellectuals and policymakers assembled political support for the idea that Saddam’s personality and the totalitarian nature of the Baathist regime made Iraq uniquely immune to “management” strategies like containment. The entrenchment of this consensus before 9/11 helps explain why so many politicians, policymakers, and intellectuals rejected containment after 9/11 and embraced regime change and invasion. -
US Foreign Policy and the Multinational Force in Lebanon, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53973-7 256 BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY PRIMARY SOURCE ARCHIVES Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Abilene James Earl Carter Presidential Library, Atlanta United Nations Archives and Record Management, New York City The British National Archives, Kew Central Intelligence Agency Freedom of Information Archives, Online Department of State Freedom of Information ‘Released Documents’ Archive, Online PUBLISHED INTERVIEWS Interview with Fawaaz Traboulsi by Lynn Barbee, Published in MERIP Reports, No.61, October 1970, pp.3–5. Interview with Shaykh Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah by Mahmoud Soueid, Published in Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol.25, No.1, 1995. Interview with Yusif al-Haytham, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Published in MERIP Reports, No. 44 February 1976. Speech given by Fawwaz Traboulsi and Assaf Kfoury ‘Lebanon on the Brink’ Lebanese American University, 18 January 2007. Interview with Prince Farid Chehab, Former Director of Public Security, Centre for Arab and Middle Eastern Studies, American University of Beirut, 2007. © The Author(s) 2017 255 C. Varady, US Foreign Policy and the Multinational Force in Lebanon, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53973-7 256 BIBLIOGRAPHY Interview with Adel Osseiran, President of the Council of Representatives, Lebanon, Centre for Arab and Middle Eastern Studies, American University of Beirut, 2007. Interview with Said Akl, Lebanese Writer and Political Poet, Centre for Arab and Middle Eastern Studies, American University of Beirut, 2007. Interview with Anbara Salam al Khalidi, Conducted by Laila Rostom, Centre for Arab and Middle Eastern Studies, American University of Beirut, 2007. Interview with Raymond Edde, Former Lebanese Presidential Candidate and Former State Ministers, Jan 25 1970, Centre for Arab and Middle Eastern Studies, American University of Beirut, 2007. -
The Role of the Media, Law, and National Resolve in the War on Terror
Denver Journal of International Law & Policy Volume 33 Number 1 Winter - 2004 Sutton Colloquium Article 10 April 2020 The Role of the Media, Law, and National Resolve in the War on Terror Robert Hardaway Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/djilp Recommended Citation Robert Hardaway, The Role of the Media, Law, and National Resolve in the War on Terror, 33 Denv. J. Int'l L. & Pol'y 104 (2004). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ DU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Denver Journal of International Law & Policy by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ DU. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. THE ROLE OF THE MEDIA, LAW, AND NATIONAL RESOLVE IN THE WAR ON TERROR ROBERT HARDAWAY* I. INTRODUCTION In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the govern- ment of the United States took unprecedented steps to protect American lives and property.' Measures imposed included tightened security at nuclear power plants,2 airports,3 and numerous other government and private installations around the United States.4 Debate over an appropriate U.S. response centered on whether there was proof of a foreign state's complicity in the attacks. On September 15, 2001, a New York Times/CBS News poll revealed that eighty-five percent of Americans would Professor of Law, University of Denver Sturm College of Law. 1. See, e.g., Michael R. Gordon, After the Attacks: An Assessment, U.S. Force vs, Terrorists: From Reactive to Active, N.Y. -
Download Music for Free.] in Work, Even Though It Gains Access to It
Vol. 54 No. 3 NIEMAN REPORTS Fall 2000 THE NIEMAN FOUNDATION FOR JOURNALISM AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY 4 Narrative Journalism 5 Narrative Journalism Comes of Age BY MARK KRAMER 9 Exploring Relationships Across Racial Lines BY GERALD BOYD 11 The False Dichotomy and Narrative Journalism BY ROY PETER CLARK 13 The Verdict Is in the 112th Paragraph BY THOMAS FRENCH 16 ‘Just Write What Happened.’ BY WILLIAM F. WOO 18 The State of Narrative Nonfiction Writing ROBERT VARE 20 Talking About Narrative Journalism A PANEL OF JOURNALISTS 23 ‘Narrative Writing Looked Easy.’ BY RICHARD READ 25 Narrative Journalism Goes Multimedia BY MARK BOWDEN 29 Weaving Storytelling Into Breaking News BY RICK BRAGG 31 The Perils of Lunch With Sharon Stone BY ANTHONY DECURTIS 33 Lulling Viewers Into a State of Complicity BY TED KOPPEL 34 Sticky Storytelling BY ROBERT KRULWICH 35 Has the Camera’s Eye Replaced the Writer’s Descriptive Hand? MICHAEL KELLY 37 Narrative Storytelling in a Drive-By Medium BY CAROLYN MUNGO 39 Combining Narrative With Analysis BY LAURA SESSIONS STEPP 42 Literary Nonfiction Constructs a Narrative Foundation BY MADELEINE BLAIS 43 Me and the System: The Personal Essay and Health Policy BY FITZHUGH MULLAN 45 Photojournalism 46 Photographs BY JAMES NACHTWEY 48 The Unbearable Weight of Witness BY MICHELE MCDONALD 49 Photographers Can’t Hide Behind Their Cameras BY STEVE NORTHUP 51 Do Images of War Need Justification? BY PHILIP CAPUTO Cover photo: A Muslim man begs for his life as he is taken prisoner by Arkan’s Tigers during the first battle for Bosnia in March 1992. -
To the OPC Holiday Party OPC in California and Paris
THE MONTHLY NEWSLETTER OF THE OVERSEAS PRESS CLUB OF AMERICA, NEW YORK, NY • December 2015 Journalist Safety Panel Highlights Growing Risks EVENT RECAP invulnerability you had, that press pass – that magical By Chad Bouchard thing that gave you this sort With violence against journalists of force field – that’s gone.” soaring to an all-time high in recent He called for more pres- years, freelancers and mainstream news media are seeking better ways sure from governments, to protect and give them the support and added that many of the they need to do their jobs. worst jailers of journalists Chad Bouchard On Dec. 16, the OPC, Bloomberg around the world are allies of the U.S. Left to right: Ambassador Raimonda Murmokaite, LLP and the Ford Motor Company Joel Simon, Anna Therese Day, Gregory D. co-sponsored a discussion about “They’re countries like Johnsen and Lara Setrakian. Egypt – which is the second journalist safety with a panel of jour- free speech. “We have to make noise leading jailer of journalists – Turkey, nalists and press freedom advocates. about this at all possible levels,” she In 2015, 69 journalists were Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia. These are said. “Those who can’t stand the killed and 199 jailed worldwide, ac- countries where the U.S. has signifi- right to free information will never cording to the Committee to Protect cant influence, and it should be exer- defend the journalists.” Journalists. cising that influence.” Anna Therese Day, a freelance Joel Simon, the CPJ’s executive The panel also included Ambas- journalist and a founding board director, told attendees that jour- sador Raimonda Murmokaite, Lith- member of the Frontline Freelance nalists are increasingly targeted be- uania’s permanent representative Register, applauded work from cause of shifting power in the cur- to the UN. -
Common Sense Common Sense
CCOMMONOMMON SSENSEENSE GGOVERNMENTOVERNMENT WWORKSORKS BBETTERETTER &C&COSTSOSTS LLESSESS Vice President Al Gore Third ReportReport of of thethe National Performance Performance Review Review Common Sense Government Works Better and Costs Less Vice President Al Gore Third Report of the National Performance Review Contents Introduction.................................................................................................1 Calling in the Real Experts............................................................................1 There’s a Wrong Way and a Right Way .........................................................2 Reclaiming Government “For the People”.....................................................2 Delivering the Goods at Last.........................................................................6 It’s Never Finished.........................................................................................6 1. A Government That Makes Sense........................................11 The Real Business of Government ..............................................................12 Americans Want a Government That Works Better, Costs Less...................13 Why We Have a Federal Government.........................................................14 How Things Got Out of Hand...................................................................16 Failing to Change With a Changing World.................................................16 Going By the Book .....................................................................................18 -
Congressional Record—Senate S5386
S5386 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 11, 2003 (c) EFFECT ON ENTITLEMENT.—Nothing in from oral and pharyngeal cancers each The Samuel D. Harris National Mu- this Act shall be construed to change the year. seum of Dentistry has been endorsed by total acreage of land to which Newtok is en- The report called for the develop- the American Dental Association, the titled under ANCSA. ment of a National Oral Health Plan, American Association of Dental (d) EFFECT ON NEWTOK LANDS.—The Newtok Lands shall be included in the and recommended that actions be Schools, Oral Health America, the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge as of taken to ‘‘change perceptions regard- Pierre Fauchard Academy, the Amer- the date of acceptance of the conveyance of ing oral health and disease so that oral ican College of Dentists, the Inter- those lands from Newtok, except that resi- health becomes an accepted component national College of Dentists, and the dents of the Village of Newtok, Alaska, shall of general health.’’ By designating an American Academy of the History of retain access rights to subsistence resources official national museum and learning Dentistry. I ask unanimous consent on those public lands as guaranteed under center dedicated to dentistry, this leg- ANILCA section 811 (16 U.S.C. 3121), and to that the text of a letter from the subsistence uses, such as traditional subsist- islation takes an important step to- American Dental Association in sup- ence fishing, hunting and gathering, con- ward the achievement of this goal. port of this legislation be printed in sistent with ANILCA section 803 (16 U.S.C. -
2016 in Review ABOUT NLGJA
2016 In Review ABOUT NLGJA NLGJA – The Association of LGBTQ Journalists is the premier network of LGBTQ media professionals and those who support the highest journalistic standards in the coverage of LGBTQ issues. NLGJA provides its members with skill-building, educational programming and professional development opportunities. As the association of LGBTQ media professionals, we offer members the space to engage with other professionals for both career advancement and the chance to expand their personal networks. Through our commitment to fair and accurate LGBTQ coverage, NLGJA creates tools for journalists by journalists on how to cover the community and issues. NLGJA’s Goals • Enhance the professionalism, skills and career opportunities for LGBTQ journalists while equipping the LGBTQ community with tools and strategies for media access and accountability • Strengthen the identity, respect and status of LGBTQ journalists in the newsroom and throughout the practice of journalism • Advocate for the highest journalistic and ethical standards in the coverage of LGBTQ issues while holding news organizations accountable for their coverage • Collaborate with other professional journalist associations and promote the principles of inclusion and diversity within our ranks • Provide mentoring and leadership to future journalists and support LGBTQ and ally student journalists in order to develop the next generation of professional journalists committed to fair and accurate coverage 2 Introduction NLGJA 2016 In Review NLGJA 2016 In Review Table of -
USAF Counterproliferation Center CPC Outreach Journal #103
#103 18 Sep 2001 USAF COUNTERPROLIFERATION CENTER CPC OUTREACH JOURNAL Air University Air War College Maxwell AFB, Alabama Welcome to the CPC Outreach Journal. As part of USAF Counterproliferation Center’s mission to counter weapons of mass destruction through education and research, we’re providing our government and civilian community a source for timely counterproliferation information. This information includes articles, papers and other documents addressing issues pertinent to US military response options for dealing with nuclear, biological and chemical threats and attacks. It’s our hope this information resource will help enhance your counterproliferation issue awareness. Established here at the Air War College in 1998, the USAF/CPC provides education and research to present and future leaders of the Air Force, as well as to members of other branches of the armed services and Department of Defense. Our purpose is to help those agencies better prepare to counter the threat from weapons of mass destruction. Please feel free to visit our web site at www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/awc-cps.htm for in-depth information and specific points of contact. Please direct any questions or comments on CPC Outreach Journal to Lt. Col. Michael W. Ritz, CPC Intelligence/Public Affairs or JoAnn Eddy, CPC Outreach Editor, at (334) 953- 7538 or DSN 493-7538. The following articles, papers or documents do not necessarily reflect official endorsement of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or other US government agencies. Reproduction for private use or commercial gain is subject to original copyright restrictions. All rights are reserved Editor's Note: Dear Readers, still trying to get through all the recent news stories. -
Iraqi Jews: a History of Mass Exodus by Abbas Shiblak, Saqi, 2005, 215 Pp
Iraqi Jews: A History of Mass Exodus by Abbas Shiblak, Saqi, 2005, 215 pp. Rayyan Al-Shawaf The 2003 toppling of Saddam Hussein’s Baath regime and the occupation of Iraq by Allied Coalition Forces has served to generate a good deal of interest in Iraqi history. As a result, in 2005 Saqi reissued Abbas Shiblak’s 1986 study The Lure of Zion: The Case of the Iraqi Jews. The revised edition, which includes a preface by Iraq historian Peter Sluglett as well as minor additions and modifications by the author, is entitled The Iraqi Jews: A History of Mass Exodus. Shiblak’s book, which deals with the mass immigration of Iraqi Jews to Israel in 1950-51, is important both as one of the few academic studies of the subject as well as a reminder of a time when Jews were an integral part of Iraq and other Arab countries. The other significant study of this subject is Moshe Gat’s The Jewish Exodus from Iraq, 1948-1951, which was published in 1997. A shorter encapsulation of Gat’s argument can be found in his 2000 Israel Affairs article Between‘ Terror and Emigration: The Case of Iraqi Jewry.’ Because of the diametrically opposed conclusions arrived at by the authors, it is useful to compare and contrast their accounts. In fact, Gat explicitly refuted many of Shiblak’s assertions as early as 1987, in his Immigrants and Minorities review of Shiblak’s The Lure of Zion. It is unclear why Shiblak has very conspicuously chosen to ignore Gat’s criticisms and his pointing out of errors in the initial version of the book. -
Camp David's Shadow
Camp David’s Shadow: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinian Question, 1977-1993 Seth Anziska Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2015 © 2015 Seth Anziska All rights reserved ABSTRACT Camp David’s Shadow: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinian Question, 1977-1993 Seth Anziska This dissertation examines the emergence of the 1978 Camp David Accords and the consequences for Israel, the Palestinians, and the wider Middle East. Utilizing archival sources and oral history interviews from across Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, the United States, and the United Kingdom, Camp David’s Shadow recasts the early history of the peace process. It explains how a comprehensive settlement to the Arab-Israeli conflict with provisions for a resolution of the Palestinian question gave way to the facilitation of bilateral peace between Egypt and Israel. As recently declassified sources reveal, the completion of the Camp David Accords—via intensive American efforts— actually enabled Israeli expansion across the Green Line, undermining the possibility of Palestinian sovereignty in the occupied territories. By examining how both the concept and diplomatic practice of autonomy were utilized to address the Palestinian question, and the implications of the subsequent Israeli and U.S. military intervention in Lebanon, the dissertation explains how and why the Camp David process and its aftermath adversely shaped the prospects of a negotiated settlement between Israelis and Palestinians in the 1990s. In linking the developments of the late 1970s and 1980s with the Madrid Conference and Oslo Accords in the decade that followed, the dissertation charts the role played by American, Middle Eastern, international, and domestic actors in curtailing the possibility of Palestinian self-determination. -
Saddam Hussein: Master Air Strategist
J Course II National War College Saddam Hussein: Master Air Strategist Charles J. Dunlap, Jr., Lt Col, USAF Seminar L 8 November 1991 L'.':''- .... ~':.~ :':' ~ '~ "i~':'-~'a!"~ "% SPEC~AS :~..~.~,..:_~:.,~.'-"': " :"' ....~ ~ONS' As far as Saddam Hussein being a great military strategist, he is neither a strategist, nor is he schooled in the operational arts, nor is he a tactician, nor is he a general, nor is he a soldier. Other than that, he's a great military man. 1 want you to know that. General H. Norman Schwarzkopf l One may know how to win, but cannot necessarily do so. Sun Tzu 2 Fashionable thinking characterizes Saddam Hussein as the "antithesis of a strategist."3 But, as Sun Tzu suggests, it is precipitous to draw conclusions about the caliber of a strategist simply because he did not prevail in a given contest. Much of the credit for Hussein's failure to prevail is attributed to the air campaign. What was Hussein's strategy to deal with over 2,600 Coalition aircraft arrayed against his force of just 750 planes? 4 Obviously, a definitive statement of Hussein's strategic plan is not available, and one might never be obtainable. 5 Nonetheless, sufficient evidence exists to conclude that Hussein had a strategy, and one that was well-conceived given his situation. Moreover, his strategy was consonant with much of the thinking espoused by Sun Tzu, one of history's greatest theorists of military strategy. Of particular importance to U.S. planners is that Hussein's strategy was designed to employ American air power to achieve his objectives.