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České Názvy Živočichů V. Ryby a Rybovití Obratlovci (Pisces), 3

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České Názvy Živočichů V. Ryby a Rybovití Obratlovci (Pisces), 3 ČESKÉ NÁZVY ŽIVOČICHŮ V. RYBY A RYBOVITÍ OBRATLOVCI (PISCES) 3. PAPRSKOPLOUTVÍ (ACTINOPTERYGII) KOSTNATÍ (NEOPTERYGII) MALOÚSTÍ (GONORYNCHIFORMES) – MÁLOOSTNÍ (CYPRINIFORMES) LUBOMÍR HANEL, JINDŘICH NOVÁK Národní muzeum Praha 2002 Hanel L., Novák J., 2002: České názvy živočichů V. Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorynchiformes) – máloostní (Cypriniformes). – Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. Lektor: Ing. Petr Ráb, DrSc. Editor řady: Miloš Anděra Počítačová úprava textu: Lubomír Hanel (TK Net) a DTP KORŠACH Tisk: PBtisk Příbram Náklad: 650 výtisků © Národní muzeum, Praha ISBN 80–7036–139-5 Kresba na obálce: Lubomír Hanel OBSAH ÚVOD . 5 TAXONOMICKÉ POZNÁMKY . 7 ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA K 1. DÍLU (PISCES 1) . 8 ADDENDA K 1. DÍLU (PISCES 1) . 10 ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA K 2. DÍLU (PISCES 2) . 16 ADDENDA K 2. DÍLU (PISCES 2) . 18 MALOÚSTÍ (GONORYNCHIFORMES) . 22 CHANOSOVITÍ (CHANIDAE) . 22 JEDNOVOUSOVITÍ (GONORYNCHIDAE) . 22 KNÉRIOVITÍ (KNERIIDAE) . 22 BAHNÍČKOVITÍ (PHRACTOLAEMIDAE) . 22 MÁLOOSTNÍ (CYPRINIFORMES) . 22 KAPROVITÍ (CYPRINIDAE) . 22 PŘÍSAVKOVITÍ (GYRINOCHEILIDAE) . 65 PAKAPROVCOVITÍ (CATOSTOMIDAE) . 65 SEKAVCOVITÍ (COBITIDAE) . 67 MŘENKOVITÍ (BALITORIDAE) . 71 REJSTŘÍK ČESKÝCH NÁZVŮ . 81 REJSTŘÍK VĚDECKÝCH NÁZVŮ . 100 SEZNAM POUŽITÉ LITERATURY . 118 3 ÚVOD Veřejnosti je předkládán již třetí díl českého názvosloví věnovaný rybovitým obratlovcům (Pisces 3.). Tento díl zahrnuje dva řády: maloústí (Gonorynchiformes) a máloostní (Cypriniformes). Celkem je zde uvedeno 9 čeledí a 3277 druhů. Výčet druhů odpovídá soupisu ryb uvedených v elektronickém seznamu FROESE a PAULY (2002), který byl doplněn o některé druhy uváděné v seznamu ESCHMEYERA (2000 – v elek- tronické podobě součást seznamu FROESE a PAULY 2002) a ESCHMEYERA (2002 – on-li- ne elektronická verze k 15. únoru 2002), které dle tohoto autora jsou shledány platnými či u ni- chž nebyla validita zpochybněna. V případě sporných starších popisů druhů bylo přihlíženo i ke všem náležitostem popisu, zejména pak k existenci dokladových jedinců. Systematika máloostných, zejména čeledí Cyprinidae, Balitoridae a Cobitidae je složitá a v sou- časné době ve značném pohybu. V řadě případů bylo třeba rozhodnout nejen o validitě na úrov- ni poddruh vers. druh, ale i rod vers. tribus (podčeleď). Lze očekávat, že v blízké budoucnosti dojde ke změnám i na výše zmíněných úrovních. Při hledání v rejstříku proto doporučujeme při nenalezení druhu v určitém rodě hledat v rodech příbuzných a v rodech, jejichž jména jsou od- vozena od téhož gramatického základu. Opět jsme v odůvodněných případech provedli opravu gramatické neshody mezi druhovým a rodovým jménem: Cobitidae: Botia macracanthus → B. macracantha, Lepidocephalichthys tomaculum → L. toma- culus, Lepidocephalichthys irrorata → L. irroratus, Balitoridae: Acathocobitis pavonaceus → A. pa- vonacea, Acanthocobitis urophthalmus → A. urophthalma, Crossostoma fascicauda → C. fascicau- dum, Hemimyzon formosanum → H. formosanus, Nemacheilus corica → N. coricus, Paracobitis longibarbatus → P. longibarbata, Paracobitis variegatus → P. variegata, Schistura acuticephalus → S. acuticephala, Cyprinidae : Brachydanio acuticephala → B. acuticephalus, Candidia barbatus → C. barbata, Epalzeorhynchos kalopterus → E. kalopterum, Gobio hettitorum → G. hettitorus, Gymnocypris firmispinatus → G. firmispinata, Gymnocypris scoliostomus → G. scoliostoma, Herzensteinia microcephalus → H. microcephala, Inlecypris auropurpureus → I. auropurpurea, Luciobrama macrocephalus → L. macrocephala, Microphysogobio elongata → M. elongatus, Nematabramis verecundus → N. verecunda, Onychostoma angustistomatus → O. angustistomatum, Procypris merus → P. mera, Rasbora punctulatus → R. punctulata, Salmostoma novacula → S. no- vaculum, Schizotorax parva → S. parvus, Sinibarma taeniatus → S. taeniata, Thryssocypris sma- ragdinus → T. smaragdina. V případě, že jsou v použitých seznamech uvedeny poddruhy, je český název druhu odvozován od autora popisujícího nominotypický poddruh. Pokud nominotypický poddruh není znám, je odvozen od známého podruhu a v tom případě je poddruhové jméno uvedeno pro úplnost v zá- vorce. NALBANT (v tisku) dokládá existenci čeledi Botiidae s rody Vaillantella, Leptobotia, Parabotia, Sinibotia, Hymenophysa, Yasuhikotakia a Botia. V našem přehledu jsou uvedené rody respekto- vány tak, jak je pojímá NALBANT (l.c.). Držíme je ovšem v tradičně pojaté čeledi Cobitidae, neboť Nalbantova práce v době dokončování tohoto dílu Názvosloví ještě tiskem nevyšla. Rod Botia neponecháváme v již zažitém a tudíž běžně používaném rodu „mřenka“ a zavádíme nové české rodové jméno „sekavka“, neboť do budouna lze očekávat všeobecné přijetí oddělení če- ledi Botiidae od sekavcovitých (Cobitidae). Dále upozorňujeme na to, že podle BERREBIHO a kol. (1996) a RÁBA (2001) patří do rodu Barbus (sensu stricto) pouze parmy evropské, maloasijské, severoafrické a mediteránní. Ostatní parmy a parmičky (týká se zejména rodů Barbodes, Puntius, Capoeta) pak bývají vzhledem k ne- ujasněnému statutu označovány provizorně i jako ‘Barbus’. Do českého rodu „parma“ (sensu lato) je řazeno několik vědeckých rodových názvů. V tomto případě vzhledem k velkému počtu zástupců a dosud ne zcela jasné taxonomii druhů rozlišu- jeme dva české rody (parma a parmička), a to podle velikosti, přičemž hraniční velikost pro roz- lišení je cca 35 cm celkové délky (pokud maximální velikost není dosud známa, je použit vždy termín „parmička“). Jinak se snažíme o to, aby česká rodová jména odvozená od stejného gra- matického základu nebyla obsažena v nepříbuzných skupinách, výjimku činíme jen tam, kde se 5 jedná o česká jména vžitá a dlouho používaná. Druhy, které jsou považovány za vymizelé, ozna- čujeme (+). Zpracování textu a jeho úprava je obdobná jako v předchozích dílech (HANEL a NOVÁK 2000, 2001). Při přípravě tohoto dílu názvosloví se ukázalo, že u v akváriích často chovaných parmiček by- lo tvoření českých názvů dosud značně chaotické a autoři si před použitím či vytvořením vlast- ního názvu často nedali práci prostudovat, zda daný druh již má v naší literatuře zaveden čes- ký název a jaký. Tím se v naší literatuře logicky objevuje mnoho případů, kdy jeden český ná- zev parmičky je vztahován hned k několika existujícím druhům (např. český název parmička pruhovaná byl použit u druhů Barbus fasciolatus, Puntius eugrammus, Puntius fasciatus, ale i Puntius lateristriga). Zde vidíme další přínos tohoto názvosloví, které by mělo zamezit (nebo alespoň podstatně snížit) vznik stále nových a nových českých názvů – nežádoucích synonym – a současně přispět k sjednocení používání českých názvů. Ukazuje se také, že komplexně po- jaté názvosloví lze vytvářet pouze s využitím „všech“ známých druhů v rámci dané skupiny. Uvádění námi podchycených českých názvů u jednotlivých druhů může být také podkladem pro studium etymologie a vývoje našeho názvosloví ryb. Novotvary VOLFA (1959), které jsou pouhými přepisy názvů z azbuky bez počeštění (ver- chogljad, sevanskaja chramulja, usač čanari, koň, issykkulsjkaja marinka, balchašskaja marinka, vostrobrjuška) nepovažujeme za použitelné ani jako synonyma a ve výčtu je tedy neuvádíme. Změny v názvosloví (přesuny druhů v rodech, změny transkripce) podle ESCHMEYERA (2000, 2002) a opravy chyb jsou uvedeny v kapitole Errata et corrigenda. V kapitole Addenda jsou zmíněny druhy uváděné ESCHMEYEREM (2000 a 2002), případně jinou speciální literaturou, které nejsou zahrnuty v 1. a 2. díle Názvosloví. Jde o druhy nově po- psané nebo nově považované za validní. Dále tato kapitola obsahuje i novou synonymiku. Děkujeme zvláště Ing. Petrovi Rábovi, DrSc. za množství taxonomických připomínek, poskyt- nutí literatury a osobní konzultace. Poděkování náleží doc. RNDr. Josefovi Matěnovi, CSc. za setrvale laskavý nadhled a Jiřímu Plištilovi za poskytnutí literatury. Za počítačové úpravy textu pro sazbu děkujeme Lubomírovi Hanelovi (jun.). Budeme vděční za jakékoli konstruktivní připomínky a upozornění na nepřesnosti a chyby v Názvosloví a současně prosíme nakladatelské domy, aby překladům přírodovědných titulů vě- novaly profesionální pozornost. 6 TAXONOMICKÉ POZNÁMKY * Druhy čeledi Rhinidae bývají zařazovány i do čeledi Rhinobatidae. ** Rod Yasuhikotakia je nově ustanoven NALBANTEM (v tisku). *** Rod Crossostoma je ponecháván zatím jako platný, i když tento vědecký název byl použit i u jiných živočišných skupin (Mollusca, Polychaeta, Coelenterata), viz ESCHMEYER (2000). 7 ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA K 1. DÍLU (PISCES 1) ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA K 1. DÍLU (PISCES 1): Původní text Opravený text (mladší synonymum, nesprávný název) (starší synonymum, správný název) Str. 7 Eptatretus yangi Teng, 1958 Quadratus yangi (Teng, 1958) Str. 8 Paramyxine cheni Shen & Tao, 1975 Eptatretus cheni (Shen & Tao, 1975) Lampetra minima (+) Lampetra minima mihule nejmenší (+) mihule nejmenší Str. 9 Lampetra spadicea Bean 1887 Tetrapleurodon spadiceus (Bean, 1887) Str. 22 Rhinobatos brevirostris Müller & Henle, 1841 Zapteryx brevirostris (Müller & Henle, 1841) Str. 21 Aptychotrema vincentianus (Haacke, 1885) Aptychotrema vincentiana (Haacke, 1885) Str. 23 Bathyraja multispinis (Norman, 1937) Rhinoraja multispinis (Norman, 1937) Str. 24 Raja agassizi (Müller & Henle, 1841) Rioraja agassizi (Müller & Henle, 1841) Str. 25 Raja badia Garman, 1899 Amblyraja badia (Garman, 1899) Raja boesemani Ishihara, 1987 Okamejei boesemani (Ishihara, 1987) Raja castelnaui Miranda-Ribeiro, 1907 Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1907) Raja cyclophora Regan, 1903 Atlantoraja cyclophora (Regan, 1903) Raja douellojuuradoi Pozzi,
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