DOCSLIB.ORG

Tourism and Fisheries Rapid Assessment of Sawai Bay Mpa, Central Maluku

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tourism and Fisheries Rapid Assessment of Sawai Bay Mpa, Central Maluku USAID SEA PROJECT TOURISM AND FISHERIES RAPID ASSESSMENT OF SAWAI BAY MPA, CENTRAL MALUKU September 29, 2018 DISCLAIMER This report is made possible by the generous support of the American People through the United States Agency for the International Development (USAID) with the close collaboration of the Government of Indonesia (GoI). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of Tetra Tech and do not necessary reflect the view of USAID or the United States Government TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 BACKGROUND 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 1. SCOPE OF THE RAPID ASSESSMENT 2 2. SAWAI BAY BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2 3. TOURISM ASSESSMENT 5 4. FISHERIES ASSESSMENT 17 5. RISKS TO THE MPA 21 6. RECOMMENDATIONS 23 APPENDIX 26 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Marine Change conducted a rapid assessment of the tourism and fisheries sectors in Sawai Bay, Ceram Island, Central Maluku in April 2018. Sawai Bay is a large scenic and remote area that rose to popularity with tourists in the 1980s until end of 1990s due to its exceptional natural beauty and clear, calm seas. The area is surrounded by Manusela National Park known for its exotic bird life. In 2008, the Provincial Department of Marine Fisheries (DKP) proposed Sawai Bay to become a Marine Protected Area (MPA). In 2009, a fishery and ecology base line data survey was conducted, but the process of MPA formation was hampered due to national regulatory changes regarding sea area authority, amongst other delays. To ignite the process again, the USAID SEA Project appointed WWF Indonesia as the NGO implementer to support the Central Maluku Government to continue the establishment process of the Sawai Bay MPA. The tourism sector is experiencing a boom in Sawai Bay, since 2015, due to the rising popularity of one of the resorts, the Ora Beach Resort in the village of Saleman. The “spill over” of visitors from Ora beach has resulted in the establishment of an additional 11 small “hotels” in the last four years, owned and managed locally. The main interest of the mainly domestic tourists, is to visit scenic spots for photo opportunities. There is also tourism development now taking place on one of the Islands of Pulau Tujuh area. This area has good snorkeling and diving spots; and the local government has allocated budget to establish a dive operator with one of the three villages in the area responsible for its operations. Whilst the tourism boom has brought welcomed development to the area, and local residents are able to participate and benefit, there are many issues with increasing volumes of waste in the area that need to be urgently addressed. The water quality is has also deteriorated, threatening the iconic image of the clear water bay. The management of planned assets in Pulau Tujuh, granted to only one village, also poses a risk to the long-term sustainability and equity of the MPA. Despite the growth in the tourism industry, the 13 villages in the bay depend on agriculture and fishing as their main income sources. Approximately 49% of the fishing activity is small scale and unmotorised, and 65% of the catch is reef fish, followed by demersal and pelagic species. Approximately 90% of the catch is sold outside of the area, and transported to markets via a complicated network of traders. There are specific buyers and supply chains for both reef fish and tuna that lead into high value markets. However, the price received by the fishers in Sawai Bay is very low due to the distance and complexity of the supply chain. In addition, destructive fishing activities, such as bombing and poison, and the catch of charismatic and endangered animals such as rays, sharks and turtles, are still reported in the area. A SWOT analysis of the tourism sector reveals that there are opportunities to further engage with private sector tourism operators in support of the MPA and develop ecotourism services in neighboring villages to Pasanea to alleviate potential tensions related to the management rights of Pulau Tujuh and best practices in anticipation of the MPA. A set of recommendations and next steps that can support the sustainable development of the area, including financial support to the MPA, whilst minimize damage to the MPA are made. 1 | TOURISM AND FISHERIES RAPID ASSESSMET OF SAWAI BAY MPA, CENTRAL MALUKU USAID.GOV BACKGROUND The USAID funded Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) Project is a five-year project (2016-2021) that supports the Government of Indonesia to improve the governance of fisheries and marine resources and to conserve biological diversity. Implemented by Tetra Tech and a consortium of partners, the SEA project is targeted at national, provincial, and local levels, with a focus on the Provinces of West Papua, Maluku, and North Maluku that lie within Indonesia’s Fishery Management Area (FMA) 715. The project aims to utilize an ecosystem approach to fisheries management and engage key stakeholders, to (1) reform fisheries management and promote marine protected areas to enhance fisheries productivity, conservation, and sustainable utilization; and (2) strengthen the leadership capacity of local governments and the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF). Marine Change is a specialist advisory firm that focuses on investments in Asian seafood companies committed to sustainable and financially rewarding business opportunities that contribute to social and environmental benefits. Marine Change’s vision is to see disciplined long-term investment support innovative efforts to renew fisheries and marine ecosystems, permitting them to recover from overexploitation and to support prosperity, food security and livelihoods in Asia. Under the USAID SEA Project, Project Marine Change seeks to assist the USAID SEA Project Core Team and Project Partners to develop an inclusive investment and economic model for agreed target areas in support of USAID SEA Project’s Strategic Objectives. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Marine Change is grateful for the assistance of the USAID SEA Core team in the arrangement of the Sawai field trip, especially Mr. Asril Djunaidi, whose local knowledge and expertise were invaluable. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Indonesia team on the ground was very helpful with the arrangements and their contacts, insights and continued communications and we thank them for the collaboration and hope to continue this in the next steps of the project. 1 | TOURISM AND FISHERIES RAPID ASSESSMET OF SAWAI BAY MPA, CENTRAL MALUKU USAID.GOV SCOPE OF THE RAPID ASSESSMENT This document outlines the findings of the rapid sector assessment conducted on site in Sawai Bay, Central Maluku Province, in April 2018 as part of the USAID SEA Project. The purpose of the rapid sector assessment is to provide an overview of two key economic sectors that can contribute to the SEA Project’s efforts, tourism and fisheries. The rapid assessment intends to provide an evaluation of the constraints and opportunities in these sectors in Sawai Bay, as well as an overview of the key players active in the two sectors. Building from an analysis of the current constraints and opportunities, this report outlines potential strategies for the USAID SEA Project Partners to consider in their implementation efforts. The rapid sector assessment of Sawai Bay relied on information and data obtained by interviews with relevant local officials and official data sets provided by the local government as well as collected by WWF Indonesia. A full list of people interviewed is in Appendix 1. SAWAI BAY BACKGROUND INFORMATION Sawai Bay is located in the northern part of Seram island, Central Maluku Province, and covers 1,100 km2 in the Ceram Sea. The Bay itself is surround by steep cliffs to the south, which border the Manusela National Park, declared on April 8, 2014 by Ministry of Environment and Forestry with landmass of 1745.5 km2. Included in the Bay area are Pulau Tujuh or the Seven Islands (although there are only six islands). The islands are uninhabited, but their management rights have recently been given to the village of Pasanea, which is planning tourism developments there (see figure 9). There are 13 villages in the Sawai Bay area, consisting of local Maluku people that are predominantly Christian, as well as large number of immigrants from other parts of Indonesia, such as Bugis, Buton, Flores, Java and Madura that are predominantly Muslim. WWF conducted a socio-economic survey of these 13 villages in 2017. Most people relied on farming for their livelihoods, with small-scale fisheries being the second most common occupation (see figure 1 below). The income of the villagers varies between seasons. On average, the communities in the sampled settlements earned relatively low income per month, i.e. between IDR 200,000 (US$14) and more than IDR1,000,000 (US$67), -. In the high season, the communities sometimes could get very high income, for example IDR 2,000,000 (US$135) per two weeks from cacao harvest or IDR 800,000/day (US$54/day) from fish catch1. 1 WWF 2017 USAID.GOV TOURISM AND FISHERIES RAPID ASSESSMENT OF SAWAI BAY MPA | 2 Figure 1: Sawai Bay villages livelihood survey results 2017 Source: WWF-Indonesia Sawai Bay has been a tourism destination since the 1990s due to its natural beauty with scenic views and exceptionally calm and clear water. It has white sand beaches, snorkeling, waterfalls, caves and the Manusela National Park is famous for its bird life that is unique to Maluku/Ceram island. Whilst there was a dip in the tourism during the Maluku conflicts in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the area is now experiencing a tourism boom that started around 2015 (see further below). The area is remote and can be reached by private car road from Masohi, taking between 2 to 6 hours depending on which the part of the Bay is the destination.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS from BURU by Paul Jepson (Final Manuscript Received 21 April 1993)
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by KUKILA KUKILA 6 No. 2 (1993): 85 - 109 RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FROM BURU by Paul Jepson (Final manuscript received 21 April 1993) Summary The island of Buru was visited between 8 Nov and 10 Dec 1969 and surveys conducted from field stations in the north-west of the island. A total of 112 species was recorded, including six of Bum's ten endemic species. Four of the endemic species, Pnoniturus mada, Monarcha loricatus, Rhipidura superflua and Zosterops buruensis were found to be quite common, but Lichmera deningeri and Cworacina fortis are considered to be uncommon or rare. The mountains or Burn from where Madanga ruficollis and Rhinomyias addita have previously beea collected were not visited. Concern is expressed concerning the status of two endemic parrots, Charmosyna toxopei and Tanypiathus gramineus, which were not conclusively recorded and which appear to have always been rare. Six species were recorded for the first tune on Buru. Introduction The Manchester Indonesia Islands Expedition visited the island of Buru between 8 Nov and 10 Dec 1989. The aim of the expedition was to obtain data related to the conservation of bird faunas. The results of the analysis of data on the ecology and habitat preferences of the bird species will appear elsewhere. The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic list of birds recorded on Bum by the expedition, and to publish notes collected for some of the species on moult, nests and vocalisations. During the last sixty years.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Uses of Tree Species and Contribution of Mixed Tree Gardens to Livelihoods of Saleman Village Near the Manusela National Park, Seram Island, Maluku (Indonesia)
    Local uses of tree species and contribution of mixed tree gardens to livelihoods of Saleman village near the Manusela National Park, Seram Island, Maluku (Indonesia) Master’s thesis Ariane Cosiaux Master “Biodiversité Végétale Tropicale” 2012 Ariane Cosiaux 2012 Master’s internship from 7 March to 17 August 2012 at : Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia Supervisor : Yves Laumonier CIRAD scientist in the research unit « Tropical Forest Goods and Ecosystem Services » Aknowledgments I first want to thank Yves Laumonier for allowing me to do this internship, for his availability and advices. And I want to thank him for allowing me to discover the amazing Island of Seram. I would like to thank also Pak Purwanto from LIPI for his kindness and his invaluable advices for the ethnobotanical part of my study. I am grateful to him for his help to the realization of my questionnaire in bahasa Indonesia and his encouragements during the first two weeks of my field work. I am so grateful for the hospitality of the Saleman village. First I want to thank Nenek In and Hapipa for hosting me during my field work. Then I want to thank my field assistant Jul who help me and take care of me. A special thank goes to Bapak Hadir who taught me the name of plants in bahasa Saleman, for his kindness and availability. I also would like to thank Bapak Mustafa and Mama Ratna who also take care of me and help me for collecting voucher specimens. Finally, I like to thank Andre, Yaren and all the member of Nenek In family.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia
    Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia Submitted in accordance with Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 February 20, 2004 Prepared for USAID/Indonesia Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 3-5 Jakarta 10110 Indonesia Prepared by Steve Rhee, M.E.Sc. Darrell Kitchener, Ph.D. Tim Brown, Ph.D. Reed Merrill, M.Sc. Russ Dilts, Ph.D. Stacey Tighe, Ph.D. Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. v List of Figures............................................................................................................................... vii Acronyms....................................................................................................................................... ix Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... xvii 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1- 1 2. Legislative and Institutional Structure Affecting Biological Resources...............................2 - 1 2.1 Government of Indonesia................................................................................................2 - 2 2.1.1 Legislative Basis for Protection and Management of Biodiversity and
    [Show full text]
  • The Human Consequences of Deforestation in the Moluccas
    Civilisations Revue internationale d'anthropologie et de sciences humaines 44 | 1997 Les peuples des forêts tropicales The human consequences of deforestation in the Moluccas Roy Ellen Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/civilisations/1628 DOI: 10.4000/civilisations.1628 ISSN: 2032-0442 Publisher Institut de sociologie de l'Université Libre de Bruxelles Printed version Date of publication: 1 January 1997 Number of pages: 176-193 ISBN: 2-87263-122-4 ISSN: 0009-8140 Electronic reference Roy Ellen, « The human consequences of deforestation in the Moluccas », Civilisations [Online], 44 | 1997, Online since 29 June 2009, connection on 19 April 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/civilisations/1628 ; DOI : 10.4000/civilisations.1628 © Tous droits réservés THE HUMAN CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION IN THE MOLUCCAS Roy ELLEN INTRODUCTION posing a danger t o existin g fores t an d fores t Compared with other part s of island sou­ peoples: swidden cultivation, plantatio n crop ­ theast Asia, little is known of either the forests of ping, commercial loggin g and migratory lan d the Moluccas (map 1) , o f indigenous patterns of settlement. Usin g as an example the Nuaulu of forest use , or of the threats pose d to both forest Seram, I illustrate ho w these factors interact in a and people by increasing rates of deforestation. In particular instance , as well a s the various phases this paper 1 attemp t to describe the effects of defo­ which typify a peoples exposure and response to, restation o n th e live s of th e loca l population , first, denudation, and then widespread degrada ­ using the small number of reports which are avai­ tion of the forest environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Range Extensions of Lycodon Capucinus BOIE, 1827 in Eastern
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Herpetozoa Jahr/Year: 2004 Band/Volume: 17_3_4 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kuch Ulrich, McGuire Jimmy A. Artikel/Article: Range Extensions of Lycodon capucinus BOIE, 1827 in eastern Indonesia 191-193 ©Österreichische Gesellschaft für Herpetologie e.V., Wien, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 17 (3/4) Wien, 30. Dezember 2004 SHORT NOTE 191 Wiebeisheim (Aula). CRNOBRNJA-ISAILOVIC, J. & China, the Philippines, and Indonesia (DE ALEKSIC, I. (1999): First record of Coluber najadum Roou 1917; DE HAAS 1950; BOSCH 1985; EICHWALD (1831) in Serbia.-Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade; 51 (3): 47P-48P. DIMOVSKI, A. (1963): Herpetofauna ISKANDAR & COLIJN 2001). A recent colo- na skopska kotlina. I - zoogeografski i ekoloski pre- nization of Christmas Island, about 320 km gled.- Godisen zbornik Prirodno-matematickog fakul- south of Java, was reported by L. A. SMITH teta, Univerziteta u Skoplju, Skoplje; knjiga 14, (1988). In eastern Indonesia, L. capucinus Biologija2: 189-221. DIMOVSKI, A. (1966): Herpeto- fauna na skopska kotlina. II - faunisticki del.- Godisen has been known from central, southwestern, zbornik Prirodno-matematickog fakulteta, Univerziteta and southeastern Sulawesi (DE ROOU 1917; u Skoplju, Skoplje; knjiga 16, Biologija 4: 179-188. ISKANDAR & TJAN 1996) and from the DZUKIC, G (1972): Herpetoloska zbirka Prirodnjackog Lesser Sunda Islands of Sumbawa, Sumba, muzeja u Beogradu. (Herpetological collection of the Belgrade museum of natural history).- Glasnik Savu, Roti, Timor, Flores, Lomblem, Alor, Prirodnjackog muzeja, Beograd; (Ser. B) 27: 165-180. Lembata, and Wetar (DE ROOU 1917; How et DZUKIC, G (1995): Diverzitet vodozemaca (Amphibia) al.
    [Show full text]
  • Counting on Forests and Accounting for Forest Contributions in National
    WORKING PAPER Local uses of tree species and contribution of mixed tree gardens to livelihoods in Saleman Village near Manusela National Park, Seram Island, Maluku (Indonesia) Ariane Cosiaux Working Paper 137 Local uses of tree species and contribution of mixed tree gardens to livelihoods in Saleman Village near Manusela National Park, Seram Island, Maluku (Indonesia) Ariane Cosiaux Université Montpellier II (France) Working Paper 137 © 2014 Center for International Forestry Research Content in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Cosiaux A. 2014 Local uses of tree species and contribution of mixed tree gardens to livelihoods in Saleman: Village near Manusela National Park, Seram Island, Maluku (Indonesia). Working Paper 137. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR. Cover photo by Ariane Cosiaux Fruit of a nutmeg tree CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] cifor.org We would like to thank all donors who supported this research through their contributions to the CGIAR Fund. For a list of Fund donors please see: https://www.cgiarfund.org/FundDonors Any views expressed in this book are those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of CIFOR, the editors, the authors’ institutions, the financial sponsors or the reviewers. Contents Acknowledgments v 1 Introduction 1 1.1 General context 1 1.2 The CoLUPSIA project 1 1.3 The present study within
    [Show full text]
  • Indonesia 12
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Indonesia Sumatra Kalimantan p509 p606 Sulawesi Maluku p659 p420 Papua p464 Java p58 Nusa Tenggara p320 Bali p212 David Eimer, Paul Harding, Ashley Harrell, Trent Holden, Mark Johanson, MaSovaida Morgan, Jenny Walker, Ray Bartlett, Loren Bell, Jade Bremner, Stuart Butler, Sofia Levin, Virginia Maxwell PLAN YOUR TRIP ON THE ROAD Welcome to Indonesia . 6 JAVA . 58 Malang . 184 Indonesia Map . 8 Jakarta . 62 Around Malang . 189 Purwodadi . 190 Indonesia’s Top 20 . 10 Thousand Islands . 85 West Java . 86 Gunung Arjuna-Lalijiwo Need to Know . 20 Reserve . 190 Banten . 86 Gunung Penanggungan . 191 First Time Indonesia . 22 Merak . 88 Batu . 191 What’s New . 24 Carita . 88 South-Coast Beaches . 192 Labuan . 89 If You Like . 25 Blitar . 193 Ujung Kulon Month by Month . 27 National Park . 89 Panataran . 193 Pacitan . 194 Itineraries . 30 Bogor . 91 Around Bogor . 95 Watu Karang . 195 Outdoor Adventures . 36 Cimaja . 96 Probolinggo . 195 Travel with Children . 52 Cibodas . 97 Gunung Bromo & Bromo-Tengger-Semeru Regions at a Glance . 55 Gede Pangrango National Park . 197 National Park . 97 Bondowoso . 201 Cianjur . 98 Ijen Plateau . 201 Bandung . 99 VANY BRANDS/SHUTTERSTOCK © BRANDS/SHUTTERSTOCK VANY Kalibaru . 204 North of Bandung . 105 Jember . 205 Ciwidey & Around . 105 Meru Betiri Bandung to National Park . 205 Pangandaran . 107 Alas Purwo Pangandaran . 108 National Park . 206 Around Pangandaran . 113 Banyuwangi . 209 Central Java . 115 Baluran National Park . 210 Wonosobo . 117 Dieng Plateau . 118 BALI . 212 Borobudur . 120 BARONG DANCE (P275), Kuta & Southwest BALI Yogyakarta . 124 Beaches . 222 South Coast . 142 Kuta & Legian . 222 Kaliurang & Kaliadem . 144 Seminyak .
    [Show full text]
  • Goura Victoria: COLUMBIDAE) in the RAINFORESTS of NORTHERN PAPUA, INDONESIA
    THE IMPACT OF HUNTING ON VICTORIA CROWNED PIGEON (Goura victoria: COLUMBIDAE) IN THE RAINFORESTS OF NORTHERN PAPUA, INDONESIA Dissertation for the award of degree of “Doctor rerum naturalium” (Dr.rer.nat) within the doctoral program biology of the Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) Submitted by Henderina Josefina Keiluhu Born in Sumbawa Besar-West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Göttingen, 2013 Thesis Committee Prof. Dr. M. Mühlenberg Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Prof. Dr. R. Willmann Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Members of the Examination Board Reviewer: Prof. Dr. M. Mühlenberg Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Second Reviewer: Prof. Dr. R. Willmann Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Further members of the Examination Board Prof. Dr. C. Leuschner Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences Prof. Dr. E. Bergmeier Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences Prof. Dr. H. Behling Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences PD. Dr. T. Hörnschemeyer Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Place and date of the oral examination: Computer Room, Department of Conservation Biology, Center for Nature Conservation, Bürgerstrasse 50, 37073 Goettingen; October 30th, 2013 at 11.15 pm ii Acknowledgements I am very grateful to my supervisor Prof. Dr. M. Mühlenberg, Department of Conservation Biology, Georg-August University of Goettingen for enhancement my concepts about nature conservation. I also thank Prof. Dr. R. Willmann for being my second supervisor, and to Dr. Richard Noske for the valuable tutorial during proposal writing. The Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD) contributed generous financial support for my study.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview of Forest Tenure Reforms in Indonesia
    WORKING PAPER 223 Overview of forest tenure reforms in Indonesia Mia Siscawati Mani Ram Banjade Nining Liswanti Tuti Herawati Esther Mwangi Christine Wulandari Martina Tjoa Thomas Silaya Working Paper 223 Overview of forest tenure reforms in Indonesia Mia Siscawati Mani Ram Banjade Nining Liswanti Tuti Herawati Esther Mwangi Christine Wulandari Martina Tjoa Thomas Silaya Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Working Paper 223 © 2017 Center for International Forestry Research Content in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ DOI: 10.17528/cifor/006402 Siscawati M, Banjade MR, Liswanti N, Herawati T, Mwangi E, Wulandari C, Tjoa M and Silaya T. 2017. Overview of forest tenure reforms in Indonesia. Working Paper 223. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR. CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] cifor.org The authors declare that they have no competing of interests. All authors conceived and designed the study and approved the protocol. SS, PT and JC drafted the protocol. We would like to thank all funding partners who supported this research through their contributions to the CGIAR Fund. For a full list of CGIAR Fund Donors please see: http://www.cgiar.org/about-us/our-funders/ Any views expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of CIFOR, the editors, the authors’ institutions, the financial sponsors or the reviewers. iii Contents List of figures and tables iv List of abbreviations v Abstract vi 1 Introduction 1 2 Historical overview of forest tenure in Indonesia 4 2.1 Colonial period (17th century to 1945) and the postcolonial Old Order era (1945–1966) 4 2.2 Forest tenure in the New Order regime (1966–1998) 5 3 Forest tenure in post New Order era (post May 1998–present) 8 4 Key forest tenure reforms in post New Order Indonesia 10 4.1 Forestry Law No.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Ecology of Spatial Development Initiatives, Indonesia
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following work: Langston, James Douglas (2019) The political ecology of spatial development initiatives, Indonesia. PhD Thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: https://doi.org/10.25903/5dbf7d7862ca1 Copyright © 2019 James Douglas Langston. The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owners of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please email [email protected] The Political Ecology of Spatial Development Initiatives, Indonesia Landscape in Lombok, Indonesia, by James Langston James Douglas Langston, MDP Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies) May, 2019 The College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Acknowledgements My research is inspired by the time I’ve spent with local communities across the tropics – in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. But I first thank my primary advisors, Professors Jeff Sayer and Intu Boedhihartono, for the unimagined opportunities granted to me, making this research possible. Early time spent with them in their Development Practice Program at James Cook University instilled a philosophically broad-based commitment to research in me. The tenets of that philosophy are taking empathetic, integrated, improvisational (in a musical, jazz sense), experiential, and anti-fragile approach to learning and life. I cannot thank them enough for their inspiration, guidance, and the opportunities they provided. The expansive network of friends and colleagues built over the time of this research, was made possible by my advisors.
    [Show full text]
  • From Seram Island, Indonesia
    Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 63 : 421-424 (Dec. 1987) A NEW SPECIES OF LEPIDOZIA (HEPATICAE) FROM SERAM ISLAND, INDONESIA HIROSHI DOEl! Very recently, I reported ten species of Lepidozia (Lepidoziaceae) from Seram Island, Indonesia, on the basis of a collection made by the botanical expeditions to Central Moluccas of the University of Tokyo and Herbarium Bogoriense (Doei 1987). In the collection, I found a distinctive new species of Lepidozia. The species is best characterized by the filiform plants as well as by the unlobed and long triangular leaves. As the species was recorded as nomen nudum in that paper, I will formally describe it below. I wish to express my cordial thanks to Prof. M. Tamura of Kobe University for his kind advice and encouragement throughout the present study. Thanks are also due to Mr. H. Akiyama of Kyoto University who kindly afforded me an opportunity to study his interesting collection and to Prof. N . Kitagawa of Nara University of Educa­ tion who gave me valuable suggestions and critical advice. Lepidozia integrifolia Doei, sp. novo (Fig. I) Planta dioica, magna, ad 70 mm longa, filiformis, rufobrunnea. Folia remota, suberecta vel erecto-patula, anguste triangulata, integra, fere symmetrica, apice acuta. Cellulae foliorum subquadratae ad rectangulares, parietibus aequaliter incrassatis, trigonis nullis. Amphigastria remota, parva, tra­ peziformia vel subquadrata, subintegra, appressa. Plants long and filiform, regularly pinnate, reddish brown in herbarium material, ascend­ ing or prostrate, in compact mats. Stems up to 70 mm long, 180-230.um thick, with leaves 400- 500 .urn wide, composed of about 33 rows of cortical cells; outermost cortical cells mostly 12- 18 x 7- 10 .urn in cross section and 25-38 x 12-15 flm in longitudinal section, walls very thick; inner cortical cells rather small; medullary cells larger (15-25 x 8-13 flm); lateral branches up to 40 mm long, 70-150 flm thick, with leaves 380-500 flm wide, usually tapering and flagelliform; rhizoids sparse.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Species Selected on the Basis of the Analysis of 2016 CITES Export Quotas
    UNEP-WCMC technical report Review of species selected on the basis of the Analysis of 2016 CITES export quotas (Version edited for public release) Review of species selected on the basis of the Analysis of 2016 CITES export quotas. Prepared for The European Commission, Directorate General Environment, Directorate E - Global & Regional Challenges, LIFE ENV.E.2. – Global Sustainability, Trade & Multilateral Agreements, Brussels, Belgium Published September 2016 Copyright European Commission 2016 Citation UNEP-WCMC. 2016. Review of species selected on the basis of the Analysis of 2016 CITES export quotas. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge. The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is the specialist biodiversity assessment centre of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organization. The Centre has been in operation for over 30 years, combining scientific research with policy advice and the development of decision tools. We are able to provide objective, scientifically rigorous products and services to help decision-makers recognize the value of biodiversity and apply this knowledge to all that they do. To do this, we collate and verify data on biodiversity and ecosystem services that we analyze and interpret in comprehensive assessments, making the results available in appropriate forms for national and international level decision-makers and businesses. To ensure that our work is both sustainable and equitable we seek to build the capacity of partners where needed, so that they can provide the same services at national and regional scales. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP, contributory organisations or editors. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP, the European Commission or contributory organisations, editors or publishers concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]