Under the Astrolabe with Hercules

Fig. 1, S1, S2, S3. Samuel de Champlain with astrolabe, Ottawa.

"And I built in Urbs in Rure, for minne elskede, my shiny brows, under astrolobe from my upservatory, an erdcloset"(551.24-26)

Enclosed within a very long sentence (see ST1) the above line describes, on one level, the monument to Samuel de Champlain1, 17th century explorer and cartographer, atop Nepean Point, overlooking the Rideau Canal where it steps down to the Ottawa River, Ottawa. The sentence is constituted of 680 words however the density of these words and passage, as well as the echoes farther afield, are vast. The “:” technique which Joyce uses, in this sentence, appears to allow a change in narrator over a range of subjects, places, and times. In this particular case (550-552), the sentence displays a layering of themes much like Fig. 2, S4. Topo sheet 31G/5, the stack of scribable acetates that were Ottawa. used in creating a topographical (Ordnance Survey) map during the last century: separate layers for relief (contour lines mimicking hills, ravines and so on -- natural or man-made); drainage (rivers! lakes, bogs, estuaries...); vegetation; settlement (towns, mines, military installations...); transportation (railways, roads...); cultural features (edifices, monuments, historical landmarks...); and coordinates (Lat. & Long., UTM); reference marks for alignment before photographing; much like separate Ukiyo-E wood blocks for each colour are aligned on reference points to produce one print).

I mean to review the part of the sentence contained by page 551 (see ST1) in relation, mostly, to the colossus theme of Finnegans Wake2, of which Champlain is a member. I‘ll be working with several "acetates" loosely applying the cartographic model

1 Fischer, D. H. 2009. Champlain's Dream. Simon and Schuster, N.Y., 834 p. 2 Paré, D.G. The Farnese Hercules, Man of Calp. fuyublog.wordpress.com. In prep. 1 described above. I will, regrettably, skip over many enticing echoes and themes and go back and forth within the 680 word sentence with, hopefully more attention to order, time, and space than Joyce has, not without reason, chosen in its writing. I'll reconnoitre the scene, occasionally colouring outside the lines.

The Colossus theme type locality First, a review of the Wake's Colossus theme “type locality”3, a Farnese Hercules, a "cultural feature" in cartographic terms, an imaginary colossus, fixing us in our dreams? alone, along the last edge of the Liffey: Pool Beg Lighthouse, its light shone on us:

“the things that pertained unto fairnesse, this wharom I am fawned on, that which was loost.” (547.05-06);

“on strond of south, with mace to masthigh” (547.20);

“brings us by a Commodius vicus” (003.02).

Here, four pages before 551, in the midst of the W.T. Stead - Eliza Armstrong scandal 4 , we find a Roman sculpture of Hercules, known as the Farnese Hercules after its 16th century owner. This statue of Heracles (he was Greek) and it‘s Greek sculptor Glykon, were adopted by Rome as echoed in “the things that pertained unto“(547.05) deformed from Jesus' "Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's". Apparently Joyce sees Hercules on the "strond"/strand with his "mace"/club, very big club, like a mast of a ship! but only waist high for the Colossus and his massive thigh, "masthigh". And at 03.02 "Commodius", the Antonine, Marcus Aurelius Commodus, is also bidding us farewell in the form of Hercules Romanus (Commodus) 5 , as we head out to sea along the Liffey. Commodus would dress up in a lion’s skin and Fig. 3, S5. Farnese’s Hercules. carry a big stick much as the Farnese Hercules is presented. Past Adam and Eve’s and after high Mass: the pagan’s mace! as we head out through "those therrble prongs!“6 (628.05).

Below, in guise of evidence for my association of "Rideau" and the "astrolobe" on page 551, is a tour of Ottawa. Some of the details

3 Term stolen from geology: the location from which a type specimen comes. 4 Eckley, G. 1993. The Steadfast "Finnegans Wake". University Press of America, 354 p. 5 Neither his ink or sword being strong, his father, Marcus Aurelius, had his personal, Greek Roman physician, Galen (185.13, 424.07), care for little Caesar Commodus. 6 The Bull and South Bull walls (see S7) funneling the Liffey into the Irish Sea. 2 may help others to see various associations which I suspect were pricked into the pages of Finnegans Wake.

Rideau Hall "interloopings, fell clocksure off my ballast: in our windtor palest it vampared for elenders, we lubded Sur Gudd for the sleep and the ghoasts: " (551.01-03)

The King or Queen's official residence when in Canada is the Canadian Governor General's (GG) official home, Rideau Hall... “windtor palast” 7 (551.01). This winter Windsor Palast (Ger. Palace) is kept warm for His or Her Majesty by the Governor General of Canada. Since 1864. Governor General James Bruce, Lord Elgin (Viceroy of India to be), son of the 7th Lord Elgin of the “ampire“ (549.16) of “cut them out of the Parthenon and ship them home” infamy, did not reside at Rideau Hall but was however, instrumental in Queen Victoria's decision to relocate capital, of the then province of Canada, to Ottawa. He and Rideau Hall can be seen here:

"in Wastewindy tarred strate and Elgin's marble halles lamping limp from black to block," (549.14-16)

A little farther along we read:

"she chauffed her fuesies at my Wigan's jewels... in pay- cook's thronsaale she domineered, lecking icies off the dormer panes all admired her in camises: on Rideau Row Duanna dwells," (551.03-06) where "she" may be Queen Victoria warming her guns in her dirty throne room, ruling the Dominion (of Canada), liking (Du. lecker) licking icies (frost) off the gable dormer windows of the Gothic Revival style Parliament.

The Rideau River Although “Rideau (Fr. curtain) Row” suggests a theatre street or the first row of seats in a theater, it can also be rue Rideau, Ottawa, as Roland McHugh8 suggests; a street with large, turn of the (20th) century residences at one end and the CNR train station, Château Laurier CNR hotel, Canadian Parliament etc.. at the other where Rideau Street meets Wellington and Elgin streets at the Cenotaph. “Row” may oarring along the Rideau River or nearby Rideau Canal in which case it is preferable to be on the canal to avert Rideau Falls.9 Then again, “row“ may be an Ottawa, lumber town fight between established Canadien lumberjacks, “sturdy traemen“ (551.13) and Irish navvies, known as shiners/“shinners“10 (552.06) (from Fr. Chêneur, a cutter of oaks or from canal worker's shiny

7 Windsor Castle is an official residence of the Regent of England. 8 McHugh, R. 1991. Annotations to Finnegans Wake. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 648 p. 9 "Samuel de Champlain”. Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 1911, vol. 5, p. 830. 10 « shinners' rifuge: descent from above on us,” (552.06-07) 3 hats) brought to Canada by Colonel John By in the late 1820s to build the Rideau Canal joining the Ottawa River at Ottawa with the St-Lawrence River at Kingston, Ontario. In this mix of ethnic rivalries we also read:

"when open noise should stilled be: did not I festfix with mortarboard my unniversiries, wholly rational and gottalike, sophister agen sorefister, life sizars all?:" (551.27-30)

Are the "sophisters" the Oblate taught from the University of Ottawa just up by motorboat on the encased Rideau Canal (Joyce‘s “erdcloset“ 551.12)?: "mortarboard my unniversiries" (551.28) and the sorefister men of hod. Lastly, row can be "roe", eggs from the sturgeon once plentiful in the Ottawa River.

The city and its canal; "Urbs in Rure"

“my towtugs steered down canal grand, my lighters lay longside on Regalia Water.” (551.22)

"Regalia Water" is tantamount to assigning a plural noun that has no singular to a singular noun that has no plural. Regalia‘s singulars and plurals are more often the Mace and Crown, the royal scissors or the Prince‘s Genitals. Or is it simply a Royal‘s urine. In any case, the “canal grand“ offered access to Ottawa, Queen Victoria’s hid away capital for Canada abutting the rosy, crenulated fringe of the Precambrian Shield where it meets the Paleozoic limestone of the Ottawa Group (See S9) which underlies much of the St. Lawrence and Ottawa valleys. An "Urbs Fig. 4, S6. Little Red in Rure" or city in the country... wilderness Ridding Hood. really; a matter of putting some distance and bush between the seat of Government and a manifestly bellicose United States who could easily attack previous Canadian capitals such as Kingston and Montréal as they attempted during the War of 1812. The canal, built in the 1830s, provided a strategic, alternative route from Montreal, via Bytown (now Ottawa), to Kingston on Lake Ontario; a route that avoided St-Lawrence River ambushers lurking in the woods, in estuaries.

"in littleritt reddinghats and cindery yellows and tinsel and glitter and bibs under hoods: I made nusance of many well pressed champdamors and peddled freely in the scrub: I foredreamed for thee and more than full- maked: I prevened for thee in the haunts that joybelled frail light- a-leaves for sturdy traemen:" (551.08-13)

Is it a, somewhat temporally out of phase, Queen Victoria that we can imagine walking in the forests of her new Dominion in her “littleritt reddinghats”, (551.08) her Little Red Riding Hood, Son 4 petit chaperon rouge; along the Ottawa R., safe from the big bad wolf ("bibs under hoods" 351.09, yum, woof) lurking on the St- Lawrence (also out of phase)? “Stay close to your Duenna11, and far from the “Duanna” (551.06) (St-Lawrence R.), the memories of 1775, 1776, and 1812 are still fresh in My basket." Joyce mentions the St-Lawrence River by its Mohawk12 name Duanna13. "on Rideau Row Duanna dwells" (551.06) shows two, if not, three rivers in a row, in the text as on the map. From the Ottawa River via the Rideau to the St-Lawrence. Note that Joyce chooses the uppercase for Duanna. Joyce also ricochets chaperon or governess (duenna) off of "Duanna" to spark chaperon (Fr. hood and by association Le Petit Chaperon Rouge, Fr. Little Red Riding Hood). Chaperon also occurs on pp. 128.06 and 145.02. The canal was a pet project of the Duke of Wellington and part of the defence of Canada. Wellington also commissioned the Québec City Citadel and several Martello towers where the river narrows under the Château Frontenac. He also built a Martello tower by the Lake Ontario at Kingston (Fort Frontenac). The passage has a rather seedy aspect that echoes the Stead paedophile scandal on p. 551. Furthermore, "well pressed champdamors and peddled freely in the scrub:" and other parts of the passage could apply to Champlain, the military and his Champ de Mars or is it Champ de Venus. Champlain wedded a 12 yr. old14. Although an arranged, possibly morganatic marriage, today he might be seen as a Pédale (Fr. peddle, PD or pederast). As for scrub (bush) there several such allusions in the Wake.

Colossus on the Ottawa River On a lobe shaped promontory, overlooking the Parliament of Canada and the cliff encased opening of the Rideau canal where it lands on the Ottawa River, is a 12 m statue of Samuel de Champlain (1574-1635) sighting down an astrolabe. The statue was created by Hamilton MacCarthy in 1915. The astrolabe15 depicted in the statue, was lost during the 1613 expedition up the Ottawa River only to be found, in the mid 1800s, by a farmer‘s son. It eventually turned up in New York.16 Fig. 5, S1d. Champlain's (“O the hastroubles you lost!”) (190.16). Sure Astrolabe, 1603. you “has troubles” when you lose your astrolabe. Below Champlain's statue (Fig. 1b) the west facing side of Nepean Point a 30 m cliff has been cut into the rock to allow for the tracks of the Grand Trunk Railway to pass from over the

11 An elderly woman retained by a family to act as governess and chaperon. And the play Duenna by Richard Brinsley Sheridan . 12 Agnier (Fr. Mohawk): "Agni araflammed and Mithra monished and Shiva slew as maya"(080.24), Amerindian tribe names at both ends, Carignan's St-Denis guidon south bound, and a Zoroastrian and Hindu mix of Gods all through. See f.n. 13, Chevalier. 13 Chevalier, É. 1876. Les Dernier Iroquois. Calmann Lévy, Paris, 319 p. 14 "Samuel de Champlain". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 1911, vol. 5, p. 830. "He had married in 1610, Hélène Boullé, then but twelve years old. She did not leave France for Canada, However, until ten years later. After his death she became a nun." 15Marshall, O.H. 1887. Early History of the West. Munsell & Sons, Albany, N.Y., 552 p. 16 Russell, A.J. 1879. On Champlain's astrolabe. Burland-Desbarats, Montréal, 38 p. 5

Alexandra bridge, along the Rideau Canal and its locks and past the Château Laurier.

"life sizars all?: was I not rosetted on two stellas of little egypt? had not I rockcut readers, hieros, gregos and democriticos?: triscastellated, bimedallised" (351.29-32).

The stone "life sizar", as colossus? looks on as the Queen? regrets her "rockcut readers": are these statues of readers cut out of rock? or geologists reading the stratigraphy (see S9) of the rock cuts of Nepean Point and the "erd (Ger. earth) closet"(551.25), that is, the Rideau Canal; her heroes, her Greeks (her senators?), and her democratic parliamentarians? also rock cut? But who was "rosette" on two stellas/stelae/stars? The British Museum put its English rose on the stele fragment from Rosetta Egypt. But "two stellas" is likely reference to Egypt's gift to Napoleon; sounds concordial to me. The Rosetta stele is the ultimate rock cut "reader" to my mind ("Ride, Flip, ride" 17 ). The stellas were further analysed by Rosenbloom in "Serapis on the Liffey".18 Then we are taken back to our cities of Ulysses' heroes, Leopold and Molly, from Dublin and Gibraltar (a pillar of Hercules), both cities "tricastelled" in their coat of arms.

Colossi elsewhere Benares (Varanasi) Benares, like Ottawa, another inland city with riverine monuments, is evoked by:

"Vicus Veneris to cooinsight?: my camels' walk, kolossa kolossa! no porte sublimer benared my ghates:" (551.34-35).

in which many of the harbour mouth elements are evident: kolossa (Du. kolossal colossal) echoing colossus, porte/port/door, benared/Benares (Varanasi/ Veneris) and its various ghâtes (stairs and funeral pyres where people are recycled) or to coo in sight of the Pigeon House on the Fig. 6, S10. Benared by Liffey. A vicious cycle this hippo circus the gates of Varanasi. Veneris: I arrive, I see... do I coo? Hump, hump, Colossi! the sublimest of doors be near My gates... whatever. Good God! get la chaux ("chau" Fr. lime 551.15), quick!

Grand Pré “evangel of good tidings, om- nient as the Healer's word, for the lost, loathsome and whomso- ever will: ” (551.15)

Certainly, “evangel”, Fr. Évangile New Testament (and gel freeze) or the good tidings, the Good News, the light, the message of Jesus,

17 Russel, D.H. 1953. My Little Red Story Book. Ginn and Company, Toronto, 95 p. 18 Rosenbloom, E. 2003. Serapis on the Liffey. www.rosenlake.net/fw/Serapis.html, 17p. 6 the Christ, the Messiah; clearly! However, the Fundy tides of Nova Scotia, the world's highest, fall and rise within the long confines of Minas Basin (See S7a), at the feet of Longfellow19 and Hébert's20 Évangeline on the hill. The tides reach up the Shubenacadie River to touch the town of Shubenacadie 21 just N.E. of Lake Shubenacadie. Joyce spells the name "Shoebenacaddie" (551.20-23). Both spellings are transliterations of the Micmac name Sipekne'katik "where the duck patato is plentiful" (Sagitaria latifolia). The Shubenacadie Canal joins Halifax with the Minas Basin and the Bay of Fundy ("Fundally" 551.20). We can see several coats of Joyce applied ebony (Fr. ében) shoe polish in Shoebenaacaddie.

Queen Victoria "And I built in Urbs in Rure, for minne elskede, my shiny brows, under astrolobe from my upservatory, an erdcloset" (351.25)

Be relieved to know that I will ignore the rich literature on the scatological aspect of ALP-Victoria's outhouse-"erd-closet" for now. Rather, one final colossus speculation which only came to me after the reconnaissance data and interpretation during the above exercise (in truth, it hit me when I placed the stamp on the post card above). One of the builder contained in the "I" above may be Queen Victoria who now stands in marble, colossus-like, inside the Parliamentary Library22 (see S6, S6a, S6b), itself a colossus on the edge of Parliament Hill, Ottawa, Urbs in Rure, the city in the country, overlooking the Ottawa River, the Champlain monument, and Her freshly built, by shiny brows, earth closet canal to protect her "minne elskede" her loved loved ones (G., Du., Da.). Palast is well chosen for her Canadian home as her father Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, son of Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick- Lüneburg ("Hanover") Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitzwhose, grandson of Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (sister of Princess something Wolfenbüttel) und so weiter, lived for eight years at Kent House atop the Montmorency cliffs on the St.Lawrence River23.

To Finish The cartographic model I've imposed above difficultly conforms to the time and space of the text on pp. 550-552; it is much too clean and ordered. It needs crumpling, soiling, and renting. Though a good preliminary tool for reconnaissance surveys; it is just not woolly enough for my satisfaction. My most challenging problem is encrassement du texte "amplification without precipitation" (551.19-20) is the ideal; valves are dear and time precious.

Dominique

19 Longfellow, H.W. 1850. Évangeline: A Tale of Acadie. David Bogue, London, 100 p. 20 Lacasse, Y. 1998. Hébert Louis-Phillippe. Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. University of Toronto/Université Laval. 21 “Fundally... To Blockbeddum here! Here the Shoebenacaddie!” (551.20-23). 22 "with fineglas bowbays, draped embrasures and giltedged librariums," (550.24-25). 23 Porter, M. 1961. Overture to Victoria. Longman, Green & Company, Toronto, 204p. 7

Finnegans Wake by James Joyce

350 351

interloopings, fell clocksure off my ballast: in our windtor palast it vampared for elenders, we lubded Sur Gudd for the sleep and the ghoasts: she chauffed her fuesies at my Wigan's jewels while she skalded her mermeries on my Snorryson's Sagos: in pay- cook's thronsaale she domineered, lecking icies off the dormer And after these things, I fed her, my carlen, my barelean lin- panes all admired her in camises: on Rideau Row Duanna dwells, steer, upon spiceries for her garbage breath, italics of knobby you merk well what you see: let wellth were I our pantocreator lauch and the rich morsel of the marrolebone and shains of gar- would theirs be tights for the gods: in littleritt reddinghats and leeks and swinespepper and gothakrauts and pinkee dillisks, cindery yellows and tinsel and glitter and bibs under hoods: I primes of meshallehs and subleties in jellywork, come the feast made nusance of many well pressed champdamors and peddled of Saint Pancreas, and shortcake nutrients for Paas and Pingster's freely in the scrub: I foredreamed for thee and more than full- pudding, bready and nutalled and potted flesh neats from store maked: I prevened for thee in the haunts that joybelled frail light- dampkookin, and the drugs of Kafa and Jelupa and shallots out a-leaves for sturdy traemen: pelves ad hombres sumus: I said to of Ascalon, feeding her food convenient herfor, to pass them into the shiftless prostitute; let me be your fodder; and to rodies and earth: and to my saffronbreathing mongoloid, the skinsyg, I gave prater brothers; Chau, Camerade!: evangel of good tidings, om- Biorwik's powlver and Uliv's oils, unguents of cuticure, for the nient as the Healer's word, for the lost, loathsome and whomso- swarthy searchall's face on her, with handewers and groinscrubbers ever will: who, in regimentation through liberal donation in co- and a carrycam to teaze her tussy out, the brown but combly, ordination for organisation of their installation and augmenta- a mopsa's broom to duist her sate, and clubmoss and wolves- tion plus some annexation and amplification without precipita- foot for her more moister wards (amazing efficiencies!): and, my tion towards the culmination in latification of what was formerly shopsoiled doveling, when weeks of kindness kinly civicised, in their utter privation, competence, cheerfulness, usefulness and our saloons esquirial, with fineglas bowbays, draped embrasures the meed, shall, in their second adams, all be made alive: my tow and giltedged librariums, I did devise my telltale sports at even- tugs steered down canal grand, my lighters lay longside on bread to wring her withers limberly, wheatears, slapbang, Regalia Water. And I built in Urbs in Rure, for minne elskede, drapier-cut-dean, bray, nap, spinado and ranter-go-round: we my shiny brows, under astrolobe from my upservatory, an erd- had our lewd mayers and our lairdie meiresses kiotowing and closet with showne ejector wherewithin to be squatquit in most smuling fullface on us out of their framous latenesses, oilclothed covenience from her sabbath needs, when open noise should over for cohabitation and allpointed by Hind: Tamlane the Cus- stilled be: did not I festfix with mortarboard my unniversiries, sacke, Dirk Wettingstone, Pieter Stuyvesant, Outlawrie O'Niell, wholly rational and gottalike, sophister agen sorefister, life sizars Mrs Currens, Mrs Reyson-Figgis, Mrs Dattery, and Mrs Pruny- all?: was I not rosetted on two stellas of little egypt? had not I Quetch: in hym we trust, footwash and sects principles, apply to rockcut readers, hieros, gregos and democriticos?: triscastellated, overseer, Amos five six: she had dabblingtime for exhibiting her bimedallised: and by my sevendialled changing charties Hiberns- grace of aljambras and duncingk the bloodanoobs in her vaux- ka Ulitzas made not I to pass through twelve Threadneedles and halls while I, dizzed and dazed by the lumpty thumpty of our Newgade and Vicus Veneris to cooinsight?: my camels' walk, kolossa kolossa! no porte sublimer benared my ghates: Oi polled

352

ye many but my fews were chousen (Voter, voter, early voter, he was never too oft for old Sarum): terminals four my staties were, the Geenar, the Greasouwea, the Debwickweck, the Mif- greawis.

547 from Moabit who could have abused of her, the foxrogues, there might accrue advantage to ask wher in pellmell her deceivers sinned. Yet know it was vastly otherwise which I have heard it by mmummy goods waif, as I, chiefly endmost hartyly aver, for Fulvia Fluvia, iddle woman to the plusneeborn, ever did ensue tillstead the things that pertained unto fairnesse, this wharom I am fawned on, that which was loost. Even so, for I waged love on her: and spoiled her undines. And she wept: O my lors! Till we meet! Ere we part! Tollollall! This time a hundred years! But I was firm with her. And I did take the reached of my delights, my jealousy, ymashkt, beyashmakt, earswathed, snout- snooded, and did raft her flumingworthily and did leftlead her overland the pace, from lacksleap up to liffsloup, tiding down, as portreeve should, whimpering by Kevin's creek and Hurdlesford and Gardener's Mall, long rivierside drive, embankment large, to Ringsend Flott and Ferry, where she began to bump a little bit, my dart to throw: and there, by wavebrink, on strond of south, with mace to masthigh, taillas Cowhowling, quailless Highjakes, did I upreized my magicianer's puntpole, the tridont sired a tritan stock, farruler, and I bade those polyfizzyboisterous seas to retire with hemselves from os (rookwards, thou seasea stamoror!) and I abridged with domfine norsemanship till I had done abate her maidan race, my baresark bride, and knew her fleshly when with all my bawdy did I her whorship, min bryllupswibe: Heaven, he hallthundered; Heydays, he flung blissforhers. And I cast my tenspan joys on her, arsched over- tupped, from bank of call to echobank, by dint of strongbow (Galata! Galata!) so streng we were in one, malestream in shegulf: and to ringstresse I thumbed her with iern of Erin and tradesmanmarked her lieflang mine for all and singular, iday, igone, imorgans, and for ervigheds: base your peak, you! you, strike your flag!: (what screech of shippings! what low of dampf-

Supplementary Material or you can click click on the image

Fig. S1c. Parliamentary Library.

Fig. S1b. Samuel de Champlain. Photo: Fig. S1d. Champlain's Astrolabe, 1603. Canadian Museum of Civilization Photo: Cdn. Museum of Civilization

Fig. S1. Parliamentary Library Nepean Point, Champlain mounument, embouchure of the Rideau Canal and rock cut.

Fig. S3. First locks at Ottawa River, locks 1 to 8 and Nepean Pt.

Fig. S2. Ottawa, 1876. Note Nepean Pt. "lobe" at left of canal.

Fig. S4. Ottawa, 31G/5. Champlain/astrolabe monument (a); Parliamentary Library and Queen Victoria Collosos (b); Rideau Hall (c); Rideau Canal and locks (d); University of Ottawa (e); Rideau River (f); Ottawa River (g). hhhhh

Fig. S5. Commodus as Hercules Romanus. Found in an underground chamber in the area of the Horti Lamiani, 1874 Note mace, lion pelt, and apples of Hesperides. Photo: Marie-Lan Nguyen, 2006.

Fig. S7. “therrble prongs!“ (628.05) South Bull and Bull walls, Dublin Harbour. See also Smellie's Forceps and Thurible tongs.

Fig. S7a. Minas Basin, Grand Pré, Shubenacadie River, and Amythest Coast (North Shore).

Fig. S6. Collosos-like statue of Queen Victoria looking West over the Ottawa River. Parliamentary Library, Ottawa. Photo: National Archives of Canada.

Fig. S6a. The parliamentary library, Ottawa, the only surviving part of the first Parliament in Ottawa (the first Parliament of Canada in Fig. S6b. Dog dormers on the Parliament. Montréal having been burned by Orangemen) after the fire of 1916. "in hym we trust, footwash and sects principles, apply to overseer, Amos five six:" (350.33-34). Amos 5:6: "Seek the Lord and live. Otherwise, the house of Joseph may be destroyed with fire, and it will devour, and there will be no one who can extinguish Bethel." 14

Fig. 9. "rock cut readers"'s (Geologists) (551.nn) stratigrapic-structural section and legend (below) of Ottawa. muOB is the Nepean Pt. Lindsay Fmn. Nnnnn 19nn. Nnnnnnn. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, nnn p.

Source : LE JEUNE, L., « Agniers (Mohawks) », dans Dictionnaire Général de biographie, histoire, littérature, agriculture, commerce, industrie et des arts, sciences, mours, coutumes, institutions politiques et religieuses du Canada, Vol. 1, Ottawa, Université d'Ottawa, 1931, 862p., pp. 27-28.

Fig. S10. The Ghates, Benares Beach, India. 1922. George Grantham Bain Collection, Library of Congress, card no. ggbain 00371.