DIKSIYUNARYONG

TAGALOG - ESPANYOL ESPANYOL - TAGALOG

DICCIONARIO

TAGALO - ESPAÑOL ESPAÑOL - TAGALO

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Copyright/ Karapatang-Ari © 2019 Harald Fuchs Manila, Düsseldorf, Germany

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Ang aklat na ito ay pag-aari ng Harald Fuchs at alin mang bahagi nito ay hindi maaaring ilathala sa anumang anyo nang walang nagsulat na pahintulot ng tagapag-lathala.

Published by / Inilimbag ng: RAINBOW Publishing House Philippines

Printed in Germany. Inimprenta sa Alemanya.

Other books in this series:

German Filipino Italian Filipino Dutch Filipino French Filipino English Filipino Danish Filipino Korean Filipino

Edition /Limbag: 1. Year / Taon: 2019

ISBN: 978-0-400-57780-5 2

Nilalaman: / Tabla de contenidos:

Preface / paunang salita / Prefacio …………………………………… 4 Ang abakada ng Espanyol ………………………………..……………….. 5 Diktsiyunaryong: Pilipino – Espanyol ………………………….. 9 Diccionario: Español - Filipino …………………………………… 160 Magbanghay ng pandiwa/conjugar ……………………………………. 333 Irregular conjugations /verbos irregulars …………………………. 349 Grammatical terms / término de grammatical …………………. 355 Bantas / Signo de puntuación /Punctuation marks ………….. 357 Ang mga bilang/los números.…………………………………………….. 358 Ordinal numbers /números ordinales .…………….……….………. 360 Mga araw / los dias ………….……………………………………………….. 362 Mga buwan / los meses …….……………………………………………….. 363 Ang mga petsa/las fechas...……………………………………………….. 364 Klima at panahon / el clima y el tiempo……………………………. 365 Ang oras / la hora ………………………………………………………………. 366 Sumukat / sistema de medidas ………………………………….……… 369 Temperature Conversion /conversión ………………………………… 370 Pahayag/ interjección …………………………………………………….…… 371

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PREFACE/PAUNANG SALITA/PREFACIO

Your Tagalog-Spanish, Spanish-Tagalog Dictionary is a compliation of Tagalog (Filipino) and Spanish words that were purposely collected to serve as a perfect reference material for students, professionals and Filipinos from all walks of life including foreign nationals who wish to learn the Filipine Language.

Thousands of the most common Pilipino and Spanish words based an fundamental word lists compiled by educators from well-known universities in the Philippine, as well as words taken from the Institute of National Language vocabulary and from many linguists and linguistic sources.

This rich vocabulary contains words used in everyday life. The Spanish aquivalents have been choosen for their accuracy and simplicity in meaning as used in everyday conversation.

Pilipino equivalents which have been derived from Spanish or English words or from the vernaculars, have been incorpareted together with their colloquialism to enrich the Pilipino Language of today.

The orthography of Filipino words is in conformity with the rules of the offical grammar published by the Institute of National Language of the Department of Education.

Both Spanish and Tagalog, evolve at a rate not previously seen before. As technology shrinks the global community of communicators, more words are added to the vocabulary as other uncommonly used words are disregarded and words that were assigned to non-use have been excluded in this compilation.

Harald Fuchs

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Ang abakada ng Espanyol.

Spanish spelling is pretty consistent: most letters represent a single sound regardless of their position in a word.

Below is a table showing the Italien alphabet and how it is pronounced

a is pronounced ‘a’ as in maneho b is pronounced ‘b’ as in bansa c la ce is pronounced ‘k’ as in "kasi") in most positions: caso, cosa, cuota, frecuente, crisis. Before -e, -i, it is pronounced ‘s’ as in "sige" in America or english ‘th’ as in "think” in ch la che is always pronounced as in "tsa" La hache is not combined with any other consonants: there is no th, sh, ph, gh, etc. d is pronounced ‘d’ as in dangal e is pronounced ‘e’ as in edad f is pronounced ‘f’ as in filipin g la ge is pronounced ‘g’ as in "ginoo") Before -e, -i, it is pronounced like ‘h’ as in "hayop The “g” sound is spelled "gu" as in gulay before -e,-i: guitarra- gitara. If the letter "u" is to be pronounced in a "gue/gui" combination, it is marked with a diaeresis (la diéresis): pingüino, bilingüe, nicaragüense. h la hache is never pronounced. Thus, words like Honduras, ahora and alcohol have no aspiration before the /o/ sound. i is pronounced ‘i’ as in init j is pronounced ‘y’ as in yapa k is pronounced ‘k’ as in kuskusin l is pronounced ‘l’ as in lang m is pronounced ‘m’ as in mundo n is pronounced ‘n’ as in nametas o is pronounced ‘o’ as in oras p is pronounced ‘p’ as in pipino q la ku is used only in the que/qui combinations, and the "u" is always mute in this position. Therefore, the word quinteto has no ‘u’ sound, and English "quota"

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and "frequent" translate to cuota and frecuente. r is pronounced ‘r’ as in raspa s is pronounced ‘s’ as in sipsip t is pronounced ‘t’ as in toro u is pronounced ‘u’ as in urang, If the letter "u" is to be pronounced in a "gue/gui" combination, it is marked with a diaeresis: pingüino, bilingüe, nicaragüense. v is pronounced ‘f’ as in filipino w is pronounced ‘w’ as in wani x is pronounced ‘ks’ as in ekstra y is pronounced ‘y’ as in yaya z la zeta is pronounced ‘s’ in America and ‘th’ in Spain. Spanish avoids the ze/zi combination and prefers ce, ci: lápiz - lápices ; cebra, cenit.

Only four consonants can be duplicated to represent specific sounds: cc is used before "e" or "i" only and sounds ‘ks’ (‘kth’ in Spain): acción and acceso but acento, ocurrir. ll sounds ‘y’ as in yaya, diyos rr represents the famous "rolling r" between vowels only: perro, carro vs. pero, caro. nn is used only when a prefix ending in "n" is added to a word beginning with "n": innecesario, connotación, but anual, anotación, conexión.

Ang mga katinig / las consonantes

Spanish spelling is pretty consistent: most letters represent a single sound regardless of their position in a word. Note the following peculiarities:

H - la hache is never pronounced. Thus, words like Honduras, ahora and alcohol have no aspiration before the /o/ sound.

CH - la che is always pronounced as in "tsa" 6

La hache is not combined with any other consonants: there is no th, sh, ph, gh, etc.

C - la ce is pronounced ‘k’ as in "kasi") in most positions: caso, cosa, cuota, frecuente, crisis. Before -e, -i, it is pronounced ‘s’ as in "sige" or english ‘th’ as in "think”

G - la ge is pronounced ‘g’ as in "ginoo") Before -e, -i, it is pronounced like ‘h’ as in "hayop

The “g” sound is spelled "gu" as in gulay before -e,-i: guitarra- gitara.

If the letter "u" is to be pronounced in a "gue/gui" combination, it is marked with a diaeresis (la diéresis): pingüino, bilingüe, nicaragüense.

Q - la ku is used only in the que/qui combinations, and the "u" is always mute in this position. Therefore, the word quinteto has no ‘u’ sound, and English "quota" and "frequent" translate to cuota and frecuente.

Z - la zeta is pronounced ‘s’ in America and ‘th’ in Spain. Spanish avoids the ze/zi combination and prefers ce, ci: lápiz - lápices; cebra, cenit.

Only four consonants can be duplicated to represent specific sounds: cc is used before "e" or "i" only and sounds ‘ks’ (‘kth’ in Spain): acción and acceso but acento, ocurrir. ll sounds ‘y’ as in yaya, diyos rr represents the famous "rolling r" between vowels only: perro, carro vs. pero, caro. nn is used only when a prefix ending in "n" is added to a word beginning with "n": innecesario, connotación, but anual, anotación, conexión. 7

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DIKSIYUNARYONG PILIPINO – ESPANYOL

A a prep. used in the information of abeto abeto mas. (evergreen tree certain articles to signify ‘said by’ with needle-shaped leaves) sabi ni (ng) wika ni (ng) syn. abeyoro abejorro mas. (bubuyog) aalab llama magalab ser pasto de abilidad capacidad fem. habilidad las llamas fem. (galing; talino syn. a natural Aba! ¡oh! (used to express a strong tendency to do something emotional reaction) success fully or well) abadoahin abandonar (intransitive abito hábito mas. costumbre mas. verb deportes: withdraw) (an action or pattern of behavior abakada alfabético; alfabeto that is repeated so often that it abala disturbios mas. pl. molestia becomes typical of s.body) fem. irritación fem. abiyatsyon aviación fem. abyador abalanse avalancha fem. alud mas. piloto mas. at fem. (a rapid downhill flow of a large abo ceniza fem. fresno mas. (puno) mass of something dislodged from titishan ng sigara cenicero mas. a mountainside or the top of a kulay abo ceniciento maabo ce- precipice, especially snow or ice) nizoso abalahin retraso mas. llevar retra- abono fertilizante mas. (pataba, so huli con retraso substance usually added to or abandonado en ruinas; abandonar spread onto soil to increase its abaniko abanico mas. (pamaypay; ability to support plant growth) syn. a folding semicircular device aborsiyon aborto mas. (operation for waving back and forth in order to end pregnancy) to cool the face) abot circunferencia fem. (the dis- abano cigarro mas. puro mas. (roll tance around the edge of a circle) of tobaco leaves for smoking siga- abredor abrelatas mas. (device for ro syn.) opening cans) abridor de botellas abante adelante (sulong; to or to- abredor ng bote abridor de bo- ward a front position or direction) tellas mas. tool for removing bottle Abante!¡adelante! avanzar; pasar a tops hacer algo; dirigirse; proseguir Abril abril mas. abriles pl. (the abasto equipaje mas. (luggage, fourth month of the year, lasting piece of luggage, ang mga maleta) 30 days) abarako macho (stereotypically abokado aguacate (pear-shaped masculine) emerald) abay madrina de boda abubot apodo, mote mas. (an in- abdo vesícula fem. biliar (place vented name for somebody) underside of the liver where bile is abugado abogado(-a) mas. (atorni stored) syn. s.b. qualified to practice law) abelana avellana fem. an edible nut abukay papagayo mas. (brightly from a hazel tree colored tropical bird) abentura aventura fem. (exciting abuso abusar de; insultar; insultos experience) kakaibang; may mas. pl. maltrato mas. crueldad f. bentaha aventurero absolusyon absolución fem. (ka- 9 adbersaryo

patawaran; ng kasalanan; forgi- agas aborto mas. espontáneo (pag- veness for somebody's sins, espe- kakuha; pagkalaglag syn.) cially when formally given in a agat-agat inmediatamente (with- Christian church) out delay or without pausing be- adbersaryo adversario mas. (kaba- forehand) bag; somebody who plays, fights, agawan atracar, robar or competes against you in a con- agaw-dilim crepúsculo mas. ano- test) checer mas. (sa umaga) amane- adbiyento adviento mas. (pagda- cer mas. alba fem. (sa gabi) ting, the four-week period leading agaw-tulog dormirse; quedarse up to Christmas) dormido tulog sueño mas. Adiyos! adiós mas. despedida adwana costumbre fem. aduana fem. decir adiós a alguien, des- Kawanihan ng adwana. aco- pedirse de alguien (paalam syn.) stumbrado de costumbre adik adicto(-a) mas. (fem.) droga- agentura agencia fem. dicto(-a) mas. (fem.) (sugapa) agila águila fem. (banoy syn.) ma- adiksyon adicción fem. (state of tanglawin con vista de lince physiological or psychological agimat colgante; amuleto mas. dependence on a potentially harm- (anting-anting syn.) ful drug) aginaldo regalo mas. de Navidad administratibo administrador(a) agiw hollín mas. a black powdery mas. (fem.) adminitrasyon ad- form of carbon produced when ministración fem. (ngasiwa syn. coal, wood, or oil is burned the management of public affairs agnas erosión fem. (gradual bre- or the affairs of a go- aking down) vernment) agos riachuelo mas. flujo mas. fluir adobo it consists of pork or chick- (a constant flow of liquid or gas) en, sometimes both, stewed or sa ibaba ng agos agua abajo braised in a made from salungat sa agos agua arriba , cooking oil, garlic, bay agosto agosto mas. (the eighth leaf, peppercorns, and month of the year lasting 31 days) adopsiyon adopción fem. ampun- agresibo agresivo pagsudod agre- in; bumagay adoptar (to raise a sividad fem. child of other biological parents as agrikultura agrícola (with farming if it were your own, in accordance as the dominant way of life; mag- with formal legal procedures) bubukid syn.) adrenalina adrenalina (a hormone aguhon brújula mas. compás mas. secreted by the adrenal glands and (kompas syn.) by some nerve endings, that in- agusan canal mas. (Ang malalim na creases the speed and force of pinagdaraanan ng mga bapor sa heart contraction) isang look; malapad na daanan ng aga 1 temprano aga aga; maaga tubig sa pagitan ng kontinente at primeras horas de la madrugada isla.) agahan desayuno mas. agas mal- ahas serpiente; culebra fem. (ser- parir piyente syn.) aga 2 madrugada fem. maaga de ahedres ajedrez m ahedreshista madrugada (early morning) ajedrecista tablang ahedres ta- agaham conocimiento mas. (maru- blero de ajedrez nong syn. information in mind) ahensiya agencia fem. (company agam agam premonición fem. pre- acting as agent) sentimiento mas. ahente agente mas. at fem. repre- sentante mas. at fem. 10

alagaw ahit afeitar ahitin afeitarse ahit- (ang sining ng pagarte sa entablo; inan máquinilla fem. de afeitar pelikula at telebisyon) napakalapit na pangyayari ¡le aktratibo atractivo adjective (ka- faltó un pelo! akit-akit; good-looking or sexually akademya academia fem. (an edu- desirable) cational institution devoted to a aktuwal verdadero; actual (hap- particular subject) pening, existing, or in force at the akala adjective preconcebido; su- present) posición fem. aku! ¡oh no! (used to express a akalako esperar (paniniwala syn.) strong emotional reaction) akin pronoun after noun ko; el mío, akupuntura acupuntura fem. (the la mía ang aking libro eso libro treatment of disorders by inserting es mío aking kotse mi coche needles into the skin at points aking mga kotse mis coches where the flow of energy is aklas huelga fem. (stop working as thought to be blocked meridians) protest) mag-aaklas en huelga akusatibo acusativo mas. (a gram- mangaklas huelgista fem. at matical case that identifies the di- mas. rect object of a verb) aklat libro mas. aklatan biblioteca akustika acústica fem. (the sci- fem. iskaparate estantería fem. entific study of sound) librería fem. Magkano ang ak- akwariyum acuario mas. (contai- lat? ¿Cuánto cuesta el libro? tin- ner for fish) dahan ng aklat librería fem. tin- akyat prisa fem. (mabilis syn.) dero ng mga aklat librero(-a) ala o’clock alas-dos two o’clock mas.(fem.) nang ala una at one o’clock nang aklatan librero mas. (librerya; bib- mga ala una at around one lioteka) o’clock nang pasado ala una ako pronoun1ste person singular yo after one o’clock mula’ ala una hindi ko yo no gutom ako Tengo from one o’clock hanggang alas hambre nuwebe until 9 o’clock bukas ng ako ito existir (to be alive, or con- ala una ng hapon tomorrow tinue to live) at one o’clock in the afternoon ako din adverb también ako din Alas kwatro na. It’s four o’clock. yo también alaala recuerdo mas. alalahanin akrobat acróbata mas. at fem. recordar alalahanin; isaulo; na- akrobatikas acrobático akroba- aala acordarse de, recordar untag siya acrobacia fem. (movements recordar algo a alguien may ma- of an acrobat) samang/mabuting alaaga tener aksidente accidente mas. biglaan buena/mala memoria magmasid por casualidad (syn. sakuna) na mabuti; pagbabati recuerdos aksyon acción fem. (syn. kilos) alab incendio mas. (the light, heat, aktibista activista mas. at fem. and flames caused by something aktibo activo (moving about, work- that is burning) ing, or doing something, and not alabaster alabastrino (type of gyp- resting or sleeping; masigla syn.) sum or calcite) aktitud actitud (saloobin; aktitud; alaga cuidado mas. ingatan tener disposisyon; paraan ng pagkilos at cuidado (ampon; tangkilik syn.) pagiisip) alagad seguidor(a) (tagataguyod) akto actuar; acto (something that alagang hayob doméstico; de somebody does) compañía ( tame, pet) aktor actor; histrión mas. aktres alagaw native plant said to have actriz fem. yugto interpretación 11 alahas

medicinal properties alegorya alegoría (mga kuwentong alahas alhaja fem. gema fem. joya may lakip na aral; talinghaga at fem. pedrería fem. (hiyas syn.) simbolismo) kahon ng alahas alhajera fem. Aleman alemán (-ana) mas. (fem.) platero joyera fem. mga alahas Alemanya Alemania (country in joyería fem. central Language: German alak alcohol mas. lasenggero alco- Currency: euro Capital: Berlin Population: 82,000,000 Area: hólico(-a) mas.(fem.) malainibay 356,970 sq km/137,827 sq mi achisparse iinum ng alak bebida Official name Federal Republic of alcohólica malainibay achisparse; Germany) alegrón; bebido adjective lasing alerdyi alergia fem.(hindi hiyang) borracho(-a) mas.(fem.) beodo alherbra álgebra (the branch of adjective hindi na inum nang mathematics in which symbols, alak abstinencia usually letters of the alphabet, alak-alakan jarrete mas. (back represent unknown numbers) of the knee) alibadbad náusea fem. (limbukay) alakdan escorpio; alacrán mas. alibay coartada fem. (dahilan; (arachnid with poisonous stin- sang-alan syn. accused's claim of ger; atang-atang syn.) having been elsewhere) alam saber; conocer oo alam ko alikabok polvo mas. malikabok; sí, lo sé hindi ko alam. no (lo) magabok polvoriento sé Hindi tayo kilala ang presi- alila sirviente(-a) mas.(fem.) (utu- dente. No conocemos al presi- san; mutsatso; mutsatsa katuling) dente Alam mo ba Manila? ¿Co- maglingkod servicio; saque mas. noces Manila? Hindi ko alam ang alimango cangrejo mas. (a crus- sasabihin. ¡No sé qué decir! alam tacean with a broad flat shell) lahat sabidilla marunong sabia alimbukay oleaje mas. (to move in pantas sabiduría kaalaman; du- or like a wave) nong sabido alam siya lahat lo alimpungat the state of being half- sabe todo awake and half-asleep after having alamat leyenda fem. maalamat slept legendario (kuwentong bayan; ala- alin qué (used to ask for something mat ng bayan syn.) to be identified from a known lar- alambre alambre mas. cable mas. ger group or range of possibilities) alang-alang consideración fem. alin iyo? ¿cuál es tuyo? Alin alanganin may hilig sa babae at gusto mo? ¿Cuál prefieres? Aling lalaki, bisexual programa ang maganda? ¿Cuál alarma alarma fem. (biglang pag- de los programas es bueno ? Alín katakot sa pagkatanto ng pangan- ang punong-lungsod ng Brasil? ib) alisto alarmante maling alar- ¿Cuál es la capital de Brasil? Ano ma alarma falsa taong mataku- ang problema? ¿Cuál era el pro- tin alarmista mas. at fem. Alerto! blema? ¡alerta! alinggasgas escándalo mas. (ka- alas as (a playing card; somebody balbalan; iskandalo syn. Some- with exceptional skill) thing causing public outrage) alat salado asin sal fem. alinggawgaw eco mas. (alinmay- alay oferta fem. alayan ofrecer al- may syn.) resonar go a alguien (handog syn.) alinlangan duda fem. (think some- ale madam or ma’am when re- thing unlikely) spectfully addressing a woman alinman el que quieras, o … o … who is a stranger to the speaker conjunction offering a choice stric- 12

amerikana

tly limited to two options Alinman bird with brownish feathers, noted ka dumating o hindi. O vines o for its song) te quedas. Siya'y naririto na - alpa arpa fem. (a triangular shaped lang alinman sa pamilya o mga instrument that has a curved neck kaibigan. Está aquí sin familia ni and strings between) amigos. alpabeto alfabeto mas. (abakada alinsangan bochornoso(banas, sul- syn.) triness and oppresiveness of water alpombra alfombra fem. (karpet) and heat combined) alternatibo alternativa fem. adjec- alinsunod used with sa or kay me- tive alternativo disyuntiva fem. aning in accordance or conformity (pipilian, possibility of choosing; sang-ayon sa; batay sa; ayon sa pagkakataong makapili sa dala- syn. wang bagay; mapamimilian) alipin esclavo(-a) mas.(fem.) sier- alulod canalón mas. (paagusan; va(o) mas. (fem.) pagkaalipin salulo syn. a gutter on a building) esclavitud alipinan esclavizar alulos the current of a river or alis ir aalis irse, marcharse aalis stream (agos syn.) ako bukas sa Manila. Salgo ma- aluminyo aluminio mas. (a silvery ñana para Manila. Aalis na! ¡vete! white, light metallic element that ¡Ve! is ductile, malleable, and resistant alisaga holgazán, perezoso (tamad) to corrosion. Source: bauxite. Use: alit conflicto mas. (a disagreement lightweight construction, corrosion or clash between ideas, principles, resistant materials. Symbol Al) or people) alwagi carpintero mas. (karpinte- aliwan diversión fem. entreteni- ro syn.) miento mas. (palispasan ng oras; alyansa alianza fem. (kampihan) libangan syn.) alyas alias (Balatkayong ngalan. an alkalde alcalde mas. (meyor syn. assumed name) head of city or town government) am broth made from boiled alkansya alcancia fem. (a child's ama padre mas. (tatang; tatay; savings bank) hucha fem. (box for itay syn.) saving money) amag moho mas. (tagulamin; fun- almendra almendra fem. (an edi- gal disease of plants) ble, oval-shaped, brown-skinned amain tío mas. (tiyo; tio syn.) nut) amatyur amateur mas. (baguhan; almeres mortero; almirez mas. bagito gumawa o sumangkot nang (dikdikkan; mortero; ligisan; lu- hindi seroso; taong maalam mag- song; bayuhan syn.) kumpuni ng maliliit na sira; taong almirante almirante mas. (laksa- mapanira ng kinukumpuni) mana syn.) almirantaso almiran- ambar ámbar mas. (a hard trans- tazgo mas. lucent fossil resin) almoranas almorranas fem. (pain- ambisyon ambición fem. (desire for ful varicose veins in the canal of success; lunggati; adhika syn.) the anus) ambon gotear; llovizna fem. almusal desayuno mas. almorzada ambulansya ambulancia fem. Bi- fem. (agahan syn.) kakain nang lis, tawag ang ambulansya. almusal desayunar llame una ambulancia,rapido. alon ola fem. daluyong oleada fem ambos adjective at pronoun ambos, alon-alon ondeante alun-alon; los dos mumunting alon onda corta bu- amerikana chaqueta fem. saco mubulang alon palomas mas. abrigo mas. ( a waist-length alondra alondra fem. (a small song 13 amihan

coat, kapote syn.) anarkista anarco mas. (somebody amihan a cool northeast wind who believes that governments amiliyar land tax (buwis ng lupa) should be abolished as unnecessa- amin 1 pronoun excluding person ry) anarkiya anarquia fem. (a si- namin after noun nuestro mas. tuation in which there is a total nuestra fem. aming kotse nue- lack of organization or control) stro coche mas. Sgl. aming ba- anatomya anatomía fem. (the hay nuestra casa fem. Sgl. aming branch of science that studies the mga kotse nuestros coches mas. physical structure of animals, pl. aming mga bahay nuestras plants, and other organisms) casas fem. pl. anay termite; a white ant amin 2 2. Pers. Plural/mas./fem. os andamyo portalón mas. (tulayan) amihan a cool northeast wind anekdota anécdota fem. (naglala- aminin propio; poseer (sa akin) lantad sa mga pang-aabuso at amistad amistad fem. (pagka- masasamang gawi sa pamama- kaibigan syn. Mabuting pagsasa- gitan ng pang-uuyam o panunuya) mahan; pagkakasundo; friendli- anemonya actinia fem. (a solitary ness and peaceful relations) and often colorful sea animal with amnesya amnesia fem. (paglimot a squat cylindrical body topped by dahil s a kapinsalaa n sa utak; a ring of tentacles) memory loss: loss of memory as a anemya anemia fem. (Kakulangan result of shock, injury, psychologi- sa dugo; blood deficiency: a blood cal disturbance, or medical disor- condition in which there are too der) few red blood cells or the red amnestiya amnistía fem. (Ganap blood cells are deficient in hemo- na pagpapatawad sa mga nagka- globin, resulting in poor health) sala laban sa pamahalaan. a ge- ang definite article el Mas. Sing. la neral pardon, especially for those Fem. Sing. lo Neuter los Mas. Pl. who have committed political cri- las Fem. Pl. ang aklat el libro mes) Mas. Sing. ang aso el perro Fem. amo jefe(-a) mas. (fem.) patrón Sing. ang mesa la mesa Mas. mas. amo mas. pangungulo; pa- Sing. ang bahay la casa Fem. Sg. mumuno jefatura fem. sino ang ang mga aklat los libros Mas. amo tomar la taba Pl. ang mga aso los perros Mas. amoy noun olor mas. oler ma- Pl. ang mga lamesa las me- bangong amoy huele bien pang- sas Fem. Pl. ang mga bahay las amoy sentido mas. del olfato; ol- casas Fem. Pl. ito(ng) ng la de si fato mas. Juan la de Juan si Maria la de ampun adoptar ampunan orfa- Maria nato mas. adopsiyon adopción anggulo ángulo mas. (three-dimen- amunisyon munición fem. (kaga- sional angle) mitang-digma syn.) anghangan acre; acritud (maang- amuyan olfatear hang; ha ving a sharp and sour, anak niño(-a) mas.(fem.) crio mas. but usually pleasant, flavor) colloquial (bata syn.) anak na anghel ángel mas. Mukhang ang- babae hija fem. anak na lalaki hel angelical pagtalon nang una hijo mas. anak araw albina (o) ang ulo salto de ángel anghel na fem.(mas.) tagatanod angel gurdian analysta analista mas.at fem. ana- angkan posteridad fem. (inapo; lisahin analizar analisya análisis kaapu-apuhan; all future genera- mas. tions) angkat importar umangkat impor- 14

apiyo

tación fem. mang-aangkat im- especially by the elimination or portador mas. reduction of the growth of micro- angkla ancla fem. (device to hold organisms that cause disease or ship in place; angkora; sinipete) decay) aninipot gusano de luz antisipo adelanto (adelanto syn.) a anino sombra fem. (darkened sha- sum of money paid before it is due pe of something in light) antolohiya antología fem. (a book anit noun cuero mas. cabelludo that consists of essays, stories, or anibersaryo aniversario mas. poems by different writers) ano(ng) qué (used in direct and antropolohiya antropología fem. indirect questions to request in- (the study of humankind in all its formation, e.g. about the identity aspects, especially human culture or nature of somebody, or about or human development) the purpose of something) Ano? anuman algo indefinite pronoun ¿Qué? Ano iyan? ¿Qué es esto? Kailangan mo ba ang anumang Anong oras ? ¿Qué hora es? bagay? ¿Necesita usted algo? Anó'ng pangalan mo? ¿Cómo Anuman ang sabihin mo sa ka- te llamas? nila. Diles cualquier cosa. Ano ba ‘yan! ¡ay, Dios mio! (ex- anunsyo anuncio mas. (magpaba- presses surprise, confusion or irri- bala syn. announce ment public tation) notice) anomalya anomalía fem. anormal- anyo forma fem. horma fem. (hu- mente (tiwali; something that de- bugin; porma syn.) viates from the norm or from ex- apang nieta fem. (a daughter of a pectations) katiwalia anómalo son or daughter) antala embarrancar; embarrancar- aparatos aparatos mas. pl. (kaga- se (stranded without any mean of mitan syn.) getting home) apaw desbordarse; rebosadero antartika el Antártico mas. (polong (overflow; a flowing over) timog syn.) apdo vesícula biliar (a yellowish antas circunferencia fem. (abot green fluid produced in the liver, syn.) distance around something stored in the gallbladder, and antena antena fem. (thin sensor on passed through ducts to the small organism's head; device for send- intestine, where it plays an essen- ing and receiving radio waves; tial role in emulsifying fats) bato eryal syn.) ng apdo cálculo biliar (a small antibiyotiko antibiótico mas. (a hard mass that forms in the naturally produced substance that gallbladder) kills or inactivates bacteria, but apendiks apéndice mas. (out- has no effect against viruses, used growth of the large intestine; mga as a medication) dahong dagdag sa isang aklat) antigo antiguedad fem. (ancient apendisitis apendicitis fem. (in- history, people of ancient times, flammation of the appendix) the state of being very old or an- apektado afectar (influence some- cient) anticuado sa una pa; an- body or something) tigo ape oprimir (dominate harshly) anting anting colgante mas. (agi- aplaya playa fem. (syn. dalampa- mat syn.) sigan; baybay-dagat) antipara gafas fem. pl. apilido apellido mas. (surname) antipatya antipatía fem. (dislike) apiyo apio mas.the long crisp flat- antiseptiko antiséptico mas. (re- tish leaf stalks of a cultivated ducing or preventing infection, 15 aplikante

plant [Apium graveolens] quemadura fem. bukangliway- aplikante solicitante mas. at fem. way amanecer mas. takipsilim (Ang humihiling. Ang may kahilin- atardecer mas., puesta fem. de sol gan.) antipara gafas fem. pl. Latin apo nieto(-a) mas.(fem.) (a son of America anteojos mas. pl. de a son or daughter) sol sa araw al sol labas ng araw apog cal fem. (a white crystalline a la sombra silahis ng araw ra- powder. Use: manufacture of steel yo de sol tostado ng araw tos- and glass, refining of aluminum, tado (por el sol) sa liwanag ng copper, and zinc, treatment of araw en pleno día 2 sewage. Formula: CaO) tibagan araw día mas. araw araw diario ng apog calera fem. mas. kamakalawa el día anterior apokalpsis revelación fem. Apoca- Anong araw na? ¿qué día es lipsis mas. (Pahayag rebelasyon hoy? ¿a qué día estamos? Maga- ukol sa kataklismong magaganap dang araw! ¡ buenos días! Kara- at ang paghahari ng kabutihan sa niwang araw día laborable sa kasamaan) kanina mga araw a los pocos apong nieto mas. (a son of a son or días sa araw de día bungang- daughter) araw solanera fem. sa liwanag apostol apóstol mas. (somebody ng araw en pleno día who tries to persuade others to araw araw diario mas. cotidiano share an idea or cause) araw ng mga Puso día de San apoy fuego mas. magpaapoy in- Valentín o de los enamorados flamar mga paputok fuegos artifi- araw ng pag-akyat Ascensión fem ciales Apoy! ¡fuego! Hindi tina- (celebration of Jesus Christ's as- tablan ng apoy. incombustible; cent, Thursday, forty days after refractario para sa pamatay- Easter Day) apoy lanzaespumas mas. Aray! ¡ay! (an exclamation used to aprikot albaricoque, damasco mas. express sudden pain) (small round fruit with a soft furry arbularo quack (doctor) somebody yellowish orange skin and a single who falsely claims to have medical pit) or other skills or qualifications apritada pork and chicken stewed ardilya ardilla fem. (small bushy- in a tomato sauce tailed rodent) arabiya algarabía fem. (mga ban- arenata estadio mas. (arena with sang ang mga mamamayan ay tiered seats) nagsasalita ng wikang arabiko, ilan arestado detención fem. arresto sa mga saudi arabiya, ehiptp, mo- mas. arestadohin estar detenido roko) o arrestado (dinakip; hinuli syn.) aral aprender pinagaralan edu- argumento argumento mas. (katu- cación fem. aaral estudiar nag- wiran syn). aaral ako nang ingles soy inglés ari propiyedad propiedad fem. ariin aralin lección; instrucción fem. (a poseer akin iyan; pagaari ni co- period of time spent teaching or rotos mas. may ari poseedor mas. learning a subject) ari-arian predio mas. aranya araña de luces (a hanging aristokrasya aristocracia fem. light with branches) (people of noble families or the araro arable, cultivable (arable; highest social class) aristokrata plow; plough) aristócrata mas. at fem. (member araw 1 sol mas. orasan ng araw of highest social class) reloj mas. de sol sunog ng araw arka arco (daong; the large boat in which Noah saved himself) 16

asma arkanghel arcángel mas. (a chief asal omportamiento mas. conducta or principal angel) fem. (Magandang kaugalian. Tun- arkelohiya arqueología (the scien- tunin ng kagandahangasal. Ugali) tific study of ancient cultures asawa marido mas. mujer fem. through the examination of their esposa fem. consorte mas. fem. material remains such as build- cónyuge mas. fem. (bana; esposa; ings, graves, tools, and other esposo kabiyak; maybahay syn.) artifacts usually dug up from the kontrolada ng asawa bragazas ground) arkelohista arqueólogo; (taong mahina ang loob) Siya ang arkeologo syn. isang mag-aaral ng asawa ko. Él / ella es mi esposa / mga bagay-bagay na ukol sa esposo. Ito ang asawa ko. Siya unang panahon si Jevie. Esta es mi esposa Jevie. arketikto arquitecto(-a) mas.(fem.) asbestos asbestos (sustansiyang alarife mas. at fem. arkitektura mineralya na hindi nasusunod) arquitectura fem. (the art and amianto mas. asbesto mas. science of designing and construc- arsenik arsénico mas. (a steel-gray ting buildings) poisonous solid element that is a arkibo archivos mas. (taguan ng crystalline metalloid) mga kasulatan at katibayang na- asea Asia fem. (aseya; the world's susulat) largest continent, bordered by the arko arco mas. (balantok syn.) Ural and Caucasus mountains and armadong arma fem. (armas; mga the Arctic, Pacific, and Indian oce- sandata; kagamitang-digma syn.) ans. Population: 4,100,000,000 armalay fusil mas. (a gun with a Area: 44,391,000 sq long barrel that is fired from the km/ 17,139,400 sq mi shoulder) asensor ascensor mas. (elebeytor arogansya arrogancia fem. (syn. syn. platform for taking up down) hambog; mapagmataas) arogante aseptiko séptico (without disease- arrogante causing microorganisms) aroskaldo rice porrodge with chi- asero acerado; acero mas. (strong cken broth and ginger alloy of iron and carbon) arte arte mas.( syn. sining) ang asetik ascetic; a person who practi- mga arte las artes artgalariya ce unusual selfdenial galería fem. de arte aseyete oil (langis syn.) arteriya arteria fem. (a blood ves- asido ácido mas. (a sourtasting sel that is part of the system car- compound that releases hydrogen rying blood under pressure from ions to form a solution with a pH the heart to the rest of the body) of less than 7) artika Ártico (polong hilaga syn.) asilo mas. asilo (ampunan; protec- artista artista mas. at fem. artisti- tion from extradition) asilado asi- ko artístico ado (asylum seeker) artitekto alarife mas. at fem. asim ácido, agrio (a sour-tasting artritis artritis fem. (a medical compound that releases hydrogen condition affecting a joint or joints, ions to form a solution with a pH causing pain, swelling, and stiff- of less than 7) kaasiman acidulo ness) asin sal fem. (ma)alat salado asa esperanza fem. (meaning the alatan salar cause of hope) asyenda hacienda fem. (bukirin; asad small bamboo strips woven linang; sakahan) together and place inside a cook- asma asma fem. (hika syn. di- ing vessel to prevent food from sease of the respiratory system, sticking to the bottom 17 asngal

sometimes caused by allergies, asubre azufre mas. (a nonmetallic with symptoms including cough- yellow element that occurs alone ing, sudden difficulty in breathing, in nature or combined in sulfide and a tight feeling in the chest) and sulfate minerals. Use: manu- asngal paladar mas. (ngalangala) facture of sulfuric acid, matches, asngaw smell of liquor from the fungicides, and gunpowder. breath of one who has drunk much Symbol S) alcohol asukal azúcar mas. o fem. ilang asno burro mas. borrica fem. ju- asukal? ? ¿cuántas cucharadas de menta fem. asno mas. (burito syn. azúcar? May ba asukal? ¿lleva a small domesticated member of azúcar? the horse family) asul azul (syn. bughaw) aso perro(-a) mas.(fem.) can mas. asunsiyon Asunción fem. (pagayat chucho mas. colloquial bahay ng sa tangit ng mahal na birhen) aso casa o caseta fem. del perro asunto pleito mas. kaso; usapin ang kaniyang aso. El perro es caso mas. (a case in court) suyo. tuta perrilla fem. aswang in folklore; an evil creature asog estéril (baog syn. sterile, free supposed to be able to assume from infective organisms) aséptico different forms and to harass peo- asoge mercurio; azogue mas. (a ple at night, esp. pregnant wom- poisonous heavy silver-white me- en tallic element that is liquid at room at y conjunction ang mesa at upu- temperature) an la mesa y la silla The Spanish aspalto asfalto mas. (semisolid conjunctions ‘y’ (at) alter their bituminous substance) form in both spoken and written asotea balcón mas. (a platform language to ‘e’ and u respectively projecting from the interior or when followed by ‘i’ or ‘hi’. ama at exterior wall of a building) anak na lalaki padre e hijo Nag- asparagos espárragos mas. pl. sasalita sila ng Pranses at Ing- (spear-shaped young plant shoots) les. Saben hablar francés e inglés. aspekto aspecto mas. (hitsura, a ata nuestro; nuestra pron. (our; facet, phase, or part of a whole) ours pron.) aspirador aspiradora fem. (an ele- atake ataque; asalto mas. embes- ctrical appliance that cleans surfa- tida fem. (syn. salakay; lusob, ces such by sucking dirt and other harm using violence) atacar; em- material into a bag) bestir verb (lusubin; salakay) astetiko estético (sensitive to or isang tao na nang-aatake asal- appreciative of art or beauty) tante; atacante mas. (naninira o astrolohiya astrología fem. (the nanunuligsa) study of the positions of the Moon, atang-atang escorpio mas. (arach- Sun, and other planets in the belief nid with poisonous stinger) that their motions affect human atas orden fem. ordenar, mandar beings) astrolohista astrólogo(- verb (utos; mando syn. injunction; a) mas.(fem.) order; command) astronomiya astronomía fem. ataul féretro mas. ataúd mas. (coff- (the scientific study of the univer- in; casket; box for corpse) se, especially of the motions, po- atay hígado mas. (a glandular sitions, sizes, composition, and be- vascular organ in vertebrates that havior of astronomical objects.) secretes bile, stores and filters astronomhista astronomo(-a) blood) sakit sa atay at apdo mas.(fem.) iceterica fem. (madilaw ang balat) ate title for elder sister 18

aywan ateista ateo mas. (taong walang dispute between two or more peo- pananalig sa diyos; Taong suma- ple) samba sa giyusdiyusan.) awayagaham conocimiento mas. ateriya arteria (ugat; type of blood por lo que sé; ... tener buenos vessel; ugat syn.) conocimientos de ... atik ático mas.. (kuwartong nasa awditsyon audición fem. (test per- pagitan ng kisame at bubugan) formance by candidate) atin personal pronoun nuestro mas. awit canción fem. (kanta syn. song nuestra fem. (ata; nata; syn.) of allegiance.) postpositive natin ating kapatid awstraliya fem. the na lalaki nuestro hermano ating world's smallest continent, situa- mga libro nuestros libros ted between the Pacific and Indian ating ating amuleto mas. (agimat oceans. Population: 20,000,000 syn. lucky jewelry) Area: 7,614,500 sq km/2,939,974 atip roofing made of grass or palm awtista autista (showing eviden- leaves ce of autism, e.g. failure to use atlas atlas mas. (mapa nang mun- language and perceive surround- do; patag na larawan ng mundo) ings in the expected way) atlantiko Atlántico (the world's se- awtonomya autonomía fem. (po- cond largest ocean, which separa- litical independence and self-go- tes Europe and Africa from North vernment) and South America. Area: awtopsya autopsia fem. (the me- 82,400,000 sq km/31,800,000 sq) dical examination of a dead body atleta atleta mas.at fem. (manla- in order to establish the cause and laro syn.) atletiko atlético adjec. circumstances of death) atinsyon atención fem. (pansin; awtor escritor(a) mas.(fem.) (may- paglilimi syn.) akda; may-katha; literato; sumu- atmospera atmósfera fem. (alang- lat syn.) aang syn. the mixture of gases awtoridad autoridad fem. (an offi- that surrounds an astronomical cial body that is set up by a go- object such as the Earth) vernment to administer an area of atomika atómico adjective AY! ¡oh! (used to express a strong atomo átomo mas. (the smallest emotional reaction) portion into which an element can ay ser (a verb used most commonly e divided and still retain its pro- to link the subject of a clause to a perties, made up of a dense, po- complement in order to give more sitively charged nucleus surr- information about the subject) ay ounded by a system of electrons) si Perez ¡soy Pérez ako ay sa atomik-bomba bomba fem. ató- Manila yo soy de Manila mica aya agradable (yaya syn.) atorni abogado(-a) mas.(fem.) Ayan! allí, ahí, allá (abokado syn.) ayaw antipatía fem. Ayaw ko sa- atraksyon atracción fem. atractivo yo. no me gusta mas. (bighani; akit syn.) ayon agradable; accede; acceder a atrasado tarde mamaya más tarde Ayos! ¡bueno! awa clemencia, compasión fem. ayosin solución fem. ordenar (habag syn.) maawain clemente ayuno cuaresma fem. (panahon ng grieta fem. (pagitan syn.) ayuno; fasting, and self-denial) awat disputa; conflicto mas. ( ali- aywan idiomatic expression used tan; hidwan; sigalutan; an angry with first person singular pronoun dispute) thus; aywan ko; di alam away contienda fem. (an angry 19 ba B Ba! sorpresa fem. (shortened form bagahe bagaje mas. (ang mga ma- of aba! expessing disgust or sur- leta) Maaari ko bang ilagay ang prise) bagahe ko dito? ¿Puedo dejar mi baak slit; halved used esp. to bam- bagaje aquí? boos and ; hender (to se- bagal lentitud fem. (dahan-dahan) parate a whole into its components bagang molar mas. muela fem. (a by interposing something) tooth with a broad surface for grin- baba 1 hacia; abajo; bajar (a ding) grammatical word used to indicate bagay material mas. artículo mas. movement or position toward a lo- objeto mas. gusto mo nang wer level or the ground) nasa ba- isang bagay sa pag-inom / ba ng hacia arriba; debajo de kumain? ¿te gustaría beber/ baba 2 barbilla mas. mentón mas. comer algo? Kailangan mo ba (the part of the face below the ang anumang bagay? ¿Necesita lips) huwag lang mag-alala da- usted algo? dating din tayo yan chin up bagin neblina fem. (thin fog) angangalumbaba holding the baging vid fem. (climbing plant) chin in the hand with the ellbow on bagito aficionado(-a) mas.(fem.) (a a table because of sad mood person who does something rather babad adobar, marinar (binabad; poorly not skillfully) ibinabad syn. tinimplang sarisaring 1 nuevo bagong darating rekado suka, toyo, sili, bawang) recién llegado (-a) mas.(fem.) ba- babae mujer fem. panbabae hem- gong panganak recién nacido bra fem. matanda babae anciana bagong taon año mas. nuevo fem. batang babae; dalagita Maligayang bagong taon! ¡Feliz moza fem. muchacha; mozuela Año Nuevo! gabi ng bagong fem. pambabae mujeril taon noche vieja Walang bago. babaeng aso perra fem. no es nada nuevo mga balita babala advertir, avisar alisto ad- noticias fem. pl. babago mejorar vertencia fem. aviso mas. mag- bago 2 antes adverb antes de pre- babala amonestar position (time) bago siya duma- babalatan piel fem. (to cut away or ting antes de que él llegue pull off the skin or outer layer of small fish shrimps or something) prutas at gulay pe- prawns that have been soused lar baguhan recién llegado(-a) mas. babalik devolver algo a alguien (fem.) aficionado(-a) mas.(fem.) babalot hacer balotin ang mga bisoña fem. debutante mas. at gamit/maleta hacer la bolsa/la fem. (somebody who is beginning maleta or learning an activity and has ac- baboy cerdo; marrano mas. ina- quired little skill in it) hing baboy marrana fem. baguhin modificación fem. (a slight badeo bote mas. (bangkang panta- change or alteration made to im- wid syn.) prove something) baga 1 bofe; pulmón mas. (respira- bagwis ala fem. (pakpak syn. bird's tory organ in vertebrates)) limb for flying) baga 2 brasa fem. (agipo; dupong) bagyo huracán mas. tifón mas. bagabag consternación fem. des- baha inundación fem. (water cover- ánimo mas. (hilahil; ligalid; gam- ing previously dry area; apaw) bala syn.) bahaghari arco mas. iris mas. (ba- 20

balakang

langaw syn.) ado sa bakasyon estar de vaca- bahagi parte fem. lote mas. ración ciones Magbabakasyon sa … ir fem. (apportion; part; portion) de vacaciones a ... Magbabaka- bahagya un poco bahagyang ti- syon kami sa Enero. Tenemos napay un poco de pan vacaciones en enero. sa baka- bahay casa; morada fem. (tirahan syon ako. Estoy de vacaciones. syn.) gawang sarili casero wa- bakasyonista vacacionista mas. lang bahay sin casa araling- at fem. bahay deberes mas. pl. uuwi sa bakit por qué (used to ask or talk bahay ir a casa about the reason, purpose, or bahay ng aso casa o caseta fem. cause of something) Bakit hindi? del perro ¿por qué no alam ko bakit yo sé bahay ng bata matriz fem. útero por qué Anong pangit na aso! mas. ¡qué perro más feo! bahay ng boboyjug colmena fem. bakla homosexual mas. at fem. bahay ng puta burdel; prostibulo baklad garlito mas. (fish-trap) mas. (a place where people pay bakterya bacterias fem. pl. bacilo to have sexual intercourse with mas. (a single-celled, often para- prostitutes) sitic microorganism without dis- bahing estornudo mas. (sneeze, tinct nuclei or organized cell struc- an act or sound of sneezing) tures) bahog broth mixed with rice bakulaw simio mas. (unggoy syn.) baiki paperas fem. pl. (an acute bakuna vacuna fem. (a preparation contagious disease, usually affect- containing weakened or dead mi- ing children, that causes a fever crobes of the kind that cause a di- with swelling of the salivary glands sease, administered to stimulate bait amabilidad fem. (kabaitan; ka- the immune system to produce butihang -loob; kagandahang-loob antibodies against that disease) syn.) magbigay ng kabal vacunar 1 baka poder, ser posible que; tal bakyom vacío mas. (a space com- vez (I thing so; expresses uncer- pletely empty of matter but not tainty) baka maulan puede or es achievable in practice on Earth) posible que llueva baka hindi huli bala bala fem. (punglo syn.) pare- puede que no sea demasiado tarde hong barilan como una bala pa- Baka basaginng bata ang plo- mamaril balaceo sukat ng bala rera. Quizás el niño rompa el balazo mas. jarrón. Huwag kang tumakbo balaan precaución; prudencia fem. nang mabilis at baka ka mada- balabal capote mas. (kapa; a slee- pa. No corras tan rápido, podrías veless outer garment that) caer. balahibo piel fem. escondrijo mas. 2 baka vaca fem. carne fem. de va- balaho pantano mas. embarrado ca o vacuna; kalang mga baka balagat clavícula fem. (the bone at vacada fem. front of human shoulder) bakal metal; metálico adjective balahura coral mas. (a marine férreo (a chemical element) organism that lives in colonies and bakalaw cod; a saltwater fish that has an external skeleton) has three dorsal fins and slender balaid hemorroides fem. (almo- feelers ranas syn. painful varicose veins in bakante vacío sa kuwarto; vacante the canal of the anus) ng posisyon balakang cadera fem. (side of body bakas sociedad; colaboración fem. below waist) bakasyon vacaciones fem. pl. feri- 21 balakubak balakubak caspa fem. (scales of ces, Mary estaba allí ... Bale ta- dead skin on scalp) tawag ka bukas? ¿Llamarás balak plan, preparativo mas. mañana? Hindi bale. Todo está balakang trasero mas. sa hayop bien. Hindi bale. No importa. pierna fem. balentine día de San Valentín o de balakid obstáculo (hadlang; saga- los enamorados (araw ng mga bal syn. something in way) puso syn.) balakobak caspa fem. (kaspa syn. bali fractura; rotura fem. descanso loose dry scales of dead skin that mas. quebrar bali ang bintana La are shed from the scalp) ventana está rota. mabali quebra- balang langosta fem. saltamontes do bumali quebrarse mas. (a hard-shelled sea crusta- balibag cerrar ang pinto cerrar de cean with a pair of large pincers) un golpe balanse escala fem. tamaño mas. balido válido, (tunay; totoo; may balantukan a wound that appears pinagsasalingan

healed on the sureface but still balik atrás; adjec. trasero ibalik suppurates beneath devolver algo a alguien babalik balaong large bamboo baskit siyang bukas volverá mañana balaraw daga fem. (sundang; pun- babalik siya ng sinehan. Él re- yal; a weapon for stabbing, with a gresa del cine. babalik regresar 1 short pointed blade) balikat hombro mas. (place where balarila gramática fem. (the rules arm attaches to the trunk) 2 for speaking or writing a particular balikat espalda fem. paypay es- language, or an analysis of the ru- paldilla fem. omóplato mas. les of a particular aspect of lan- balikda curva fem. (korba syn.) 1 guage; gramatika syn.) baling desvío fem. (a deviation balat 1 marca fem. de nacimiento from a shorter, more direct route, antojo mas. liko syn.) 2 balat 2 piel fem. balat ng baboy baling langosta fem. (a hard-shel- piel de cerdo led sea crustacean with a pair of balatkayo mascarada fem. noun large pincers) camuflaje mas. disfraz mas. verb balingkinitan escuálido (especially camuflar (pagtitipon ng mga na- in an unappealing or unhealthy kasuot ng balatkayo at/o mas- way) esbelto adj. (patpatin; slen- kara) der and well-proportioned) balato a share of money given to balingoyngoy sangrar por la nariz another by one who wins in gamb- epistaxis fem. (a flow of blood ling; a business deal from the nose) balbal slang; a vulgar word or ex- balingusan the top-part of the no- pression se balbas barba fem. walang balbas balingusngos malhumorado (cha- imberbe magahit hacer la barba racterized by anger and unplea- balbula válvula fem. (a device that santness toward other people; controls the movement of liquids bad-tempered) or gases through pipes by opening balinsong cortaplumas mas. (lan- or closing ports and channels) seta kortapluma syn. a small knife balde cubo mas. (timba) para sa with one or more blades that fold balde de balde sa libre en balde away into the handle) bale tan adverb (paganyan; tala- balintong salto mortal noun (an ga; in that way; in the same way) acrobatic movement in which the Bale, nandon si Mary…. Enton- body is rolled over, feet over head) 22

bango balisa frenético (ligalig syn.) , and fried. balisawsaw strangury; a slow and banade vendaje mas. verb vendar painful discharge of urine banal santo piadoso; devoto; santo balita noticias fem. pl. Magadang banat tenso adjective balita! ¡albricias! (lathala syn.) banda banda fem. grupong mga balitaw love song (kundiman syn.) musikero grupo mas. baliw loco (ulol syn.) may baliw bandalisim vandalismo mas. (de- estar loco por ikaw ay baliw tú structive action) estás loco luku-luko locuela fem. bandana pañuelo mas. (a large de- distumilyador le falta un tornillo, corated or figured handkerchief) tiene flojos los tornillos bandila bandera fem. (watawat) balkonahe balcón mas. (a platform bandido bandido mas. (tulisan) on wall of a building, asoseta syn.) banga impacto mas. banggaan balo viuda fem. viudo mas. (biyu- choque mas. colisión fem. da- o syn.) pagkabao viudez fem. bangan granero mas. (kamalig) balon pozo mas. balon ng petroli- bangga impacto mas. cho que mas. yo pozo de petróleo colisión fem. (bunggo syn.) balsa balsa fem. almadia fem. (logs banggit declaración fem. or boards fastened together to ma- bangin 1 abismo mas. (a chasm or ke a floating platform) gorge so deep that its extent is not 1 envolver; cajetilla fem. Pa- visible) kibalut ito. ¿Quiere envolverlo? bangin 2 barranco mas. (a deep balutin ang mga gamit hacer narrow valley, especially one for- la(s) maleta(s) balutin ang mga med by running water) gamit at alis liar el petate bangis crueldad fem. (bagsik; ta- 2 balut a boiled pre-hatched poultry pang syn.) egg, duck or chicken. These fer- a native boat or canoe both tilized eggs are allowed to develop small and large with or without a until the embryo reaches a pre- sail determined size and are then bangkarota en bancarrota o quie- boiled. bra sa taon arruinarse balutan fardo mas. fajo mas. (bul- bangkarote en bancarrota o quie- to; a number of things tied, wrap- bra (dukhang-dukha; lugi judged ped, or held together) balutang legally to be unable to pay off per- kahoy haz mas. sonal debts) ng taon arruinarse balyena ballena fem. (dambuhala) bangkay cadáver mas. (a dead bo- balyenahista ballenera fem. dy, especially one that is to be dis- balyo valor mas. halaga ofrecer sected) carroña fem. (the rotting buena relación calidad-precio flesh of a dead animal) bambang cuneta fem. alcantarilla bangkete banquete mas. (an ela- fem. (alulod; malalim na kanal o borate formal meal attended by tubig-daluyan na nabuo ng mala- many guests) kas na bagsak ng ulan) bangkito taburete mas. (a simple bami flour noodles cooked with seat with three or four legs and no small pieces of meat or prawns back or armrests) bampira vampiro (impaktong sum- bangko banco mas. salapi na na- isipsip ng dugo; taong nanana- kadeposito sa bangko cuenta mantala sa kapwa na tila linta) fem. (bancaria) bangkong balan- bana marido mas. (esposo; asawa) se saldo mas. bancario a whole banana or bangkuta jibia fem. (pusit syn.) plantain skewered on a short thin bango aroma mas. fragante pa- bamboo stick, rolled in brown 23 bangungot

bango fragancia fem. (samyo) gan; pantalan syn.) bangungot pesadilla fem. (uom; bantod diametro mas. (dayametro; nakakatakot na karanasan; a a straight line running from one frightening or upsetting dream) side of a circle through the center banik a fine-grained sediment, to the other side) especially of mud or clay particles bantog pamos; famoso; distinguido at the bottom of a river or lake bantog popular (sikat syn.) afama- banlag estrábica (a cross-eyed ap- do; célebre (kilalang-kilala; known pearance) bizco estrabismo mas. and recognized by many people) (have the eyes not looking in pa- kabantugan (popularidad; katan- rallel) yagan) popularidad; celebridad banoy águila fem. (agila syn.) fem. (appealing to or appreciated bansa condado mas. tierra; nación by a wide range of people) fem. país mas. bansa ng kapang bantulot poco dispuesto, reacio anakan mi tierra natal banyadero piscina fem. alberca bansang arabe árabe mas. mga fem. México pileta fem. Río de la basang ang mga mamamayan ay plata (languyan syn.) nagsasalita ng wikang arabiko, ila banyaga extranjero (dayuhan syn.) sa mga saudi arabiya, ehiptp, mo- (-a) mas.(fem.) roko banyero lavabo mas. (labado syn.) bansang maunlad industrializar banyas a large boa constrictor (mga industriyalisadong bansa banyo cuarto mas. de baño; servi- tulad Japan; Germany; United cio mas., baño mas. states) (paliguan; silid-paliguan) maligo bansang papaunlad tercer mundo darse or tomar un baño banyero mas. (bansang dati ay nasa ilalim aljofaina fem. 1 ng pamamahala ng maunlad na bao traje mas. (put clothes on) 2 bansa tulad ng pilipinas) bao shell without husk or bansang sosyalista socialismo meat mas. (ang mga basang naniniwala baog yermo, árido (matsora syn.) 1 sa simulain ng sosyalismo kung bapor barco mas. buque mas. sa- saan ang lahat ng pangunahing sama ng bapor enviar por barco industriyal komunikasyon at pa- para sa mangisda barca de (sa- aralan ay pangangasiwa ng pama- sakyang-dagat syn.) pesca, barca halaan.) pesquera saan ang bapor? ¿Dón- bantas puntuación fem. signo mas. de está el barco? lumulan ng ba- de puntuación (symbols or marks por embarcar 2 that are used to organize writing bapor nave fem. bapor sa sanli- into clauses, phrases, and senten- butan nave espacial ces, and in this way make its mea- baptismo bautismo mas. (binyag; ning clear) rite of purification ) banta amenaza fem. (pananakot) bar bar mas. (barikan inuman syn. bantay guardia mas. at fem. gu- place for drinking) 1 arda mas. at fem. (guardiya syn.) bara barra fem. (length of solid bantayog estatua fem. (estatuwa; material used as a barrier) 2 a three-dimensional image) bara barra fem. (a slash is used bantay-pinto conserje mas. fem. between optional or alternate ele- portero mas. (portero; a person ments A slash (/)—also called a who guard the entrance of a build- forward slash or solidus—is usually ing) used to connect two related words bantilan embarcadero mas. (daun- or numbers.) baradero dique seco (dahik; place 24

batayan

for ships to moor) Dios te bendiga! baraha carta fem. naipe mas. (stiff basig castrar (kapon syn. to remo- paper for games) baraja fem. card ve the testicles of a man or male games animal, making reproduction im- barak cuartel mas. (soldiers' quar- possible) ters) basil albahaca fem. (cooking herb) baraka mercado mas. (palenke) baskitbol baloncesto mas. barangay pueblo mas. (a group of baso vaso mas. (container for flo- houses and other buildings in a wers, plorera syn.) rural area, smaller than a town) bastag marco mas. (baskag syn.) barbaro bárbaro(-a) mas.(fem.) bastardo mas. bastardo (anak sa barbero barbero mas. (manggugu- labas) pit syn.) baston bastón mas. da passeggio barete palanca fem. (a long bar of bastón mas. (tungkod; tukod syn.) iron for lifting or prying) bastos maleducado, grosero; may baril pistola fem. armas fem. pl. bastos groseramente bastos na barilan disparar tao basto; grosero mas. (a ill- barikus variz fem. (a vein that has mannered person) become swollen and knotted as a basura basura fem. basurahan result of faulty valves) cubo mas. de la basura basurero barko barco mas. buque mas. (sa- mas. basurero sakyang-dagat; bapor syn.) sa- bata niño(-a) mas. crio mas. collo- sama sa bapor enviar por barco quial (anak syn.) fem.) joven ka- barnis barniz mas. (transparent bataan chiquilla fem. ang mga resin solution) bata la chiquillería; los jóvenes baro suod syn. prenda fem. (de parang bata niñear pagkabata vestir) tejido mas. textil; tela fem. niñez fem. barometro barómetro mas. (in- batalya batalla fem. (giyera; la- strumento sa pagkuha ng panahon banan syn.) 1 barong a large knife with a broad batang babae chica fem. niña fem. blade, used by the Moro people of batang lalaki niño; chico; hijo mas. the Philippines batang tupad cordero mas. 2 barong shirt generallly worn on batariya pila; batería fem. (a num- festive occations ber of connected electric cells that barungbarong a shack; a shanty produce a direct current) house batak hacia (hatak; hila; higit syn.) barya moneda fem. (sinsilyo syn.) batas ley batas militariya ley fem. 1 basa mojado; húmedo (soaked marcial (batas na gina-gamit ng with water) isang bansa o lugar para sa pana- 2 basa leer babasa nang mga labi hon ng kaguluhan, mga sundalo leer en los labios mambabasa; ng bansa ang ginagamit upang ang mangbasa lector mas. nag- makontrol ang lumilikha ng kagu- babasa ako estoy leyendo luhan at mapangalagaan ang ka- basagulero alborotador(a) mas. panatagan ng nakararami) ang (fem.) (somebody constantly cau- lumalabag sa batas estar prohi- sing problems) bido, ser ilegal ayon sa batas basahan trapo mas. basahan ng legal legalidad legalidad lalin- sahig aljofifa fem. sunod sa batas legalizar basahin poro mas. (tiny opening in batay según (nasasalalay sa) skin) batayan base fem. básico sentro basbas bendición fem. (pagpapala) ng operasyon ng hukbong basbasan bendecir Piskan! ¡que 25 batel

panghimpapawid base aérea something) para sa hukbong-dagat base bawalan prohibir babawalan pro- naval hibir a alguien hacer algo batel small sailing boat () bawang ajo mas. sarsa ng ba- Bathala dios mas. ang lumalang wang ajete sarsa ng bawang at creador(a) mas.(fem.) Diyos ko oliba ajiaceite sarsa ng keso at po! ¡Dios mío! Diyos salamat! bawang almodrote mas. ¡gracias a Dios! (panginoon; diyos bawas reembolso; descuento mas. syn.) bawasan reducción fem. bati saludo mas. batian saludar bawat cada (lagi; tuwing syn.) ba- pagbabati recuerdos (magmasid wat 2 mga linggo cada 2 sema- na mabuti) nas Pumupunta siya sa Maynila batiin granizo mas. bawat buwan. Va a Manila cada batikos inventivo, imaginativo mes. bawa’t babae toda mujer bato 1 piedra fem. roca; riñón mas. bawa’t isa sa mga babae cada kabatuhan pedregoso mulihan una de las mujeres bawa’t isa sa piedra de amolar Bataong urian kanila cada uno de ellos bawa’t ng ginto o pilak. piedra de toque isa sa mga ito cada uno de estos bato ng apdo cálculo biliar (a bayabas guava tree and its fruits small hard mass that forms in bayad paga fem. sueldo mas. abo- the gallbladder) nar (magbayat; to give money for bato 2 riñón mas. (the organ in in- something) abono (an amount of vertebrates that filters waste ma- money that is paid or is due to be terial for excretion) riñones (ani- paid) Bayat po! la cuenta, por mal kidney as food) favor magbayad recompensa ba- batog shelled and boiled corn to yad-pinsala recompensar which grated coconut and salt are bayag testículo mas. cojóon mas. added colloquial (the male gonad or batok nuca fem. cuello mas. part sperm-producing gland testis usu- between head and body) ally with its surrounding membra- batubalani imán (magneto syn.) nes, particularly in humans or mas. balani imanar magnetismo other higher vertebrates) imantar magbalani magnetizar bayakan murciélago mas. (paniki, batu bato paloma fem. (kalapati syn. a small nocturnal flying mam- syn. a small bird of the pigeon mal) family, with a cooing call) bayan munisipyo syn. ciudad fem. batugan holgazán, perezoso (ta- (a densely populated area with mad syn.) many buildings, larger than a vil- batuktok pájaro mas. carpintero (a lage and smaller than a city) 1 bird with a hard beak for hammer- bayani héroe mas. kabayanihan ing into wood to extract insects) heroico adjective makabayani batuta palo mas. garrote mas. (a heroicidad 2 thick heavy stick used as a wea- bayani patriota mas. kabayani- pon; garote) han patriotismo makabayan pa- batyaw espia mas. fem. (espiya; triótico ispyha; somebody employed to baylarina bailarina, a woman ballet obtain secret information) dancer bawal tener; prohibición fem. mag bayaw cuñado mas. brother-in-law ingat sa tener cuidado con mag- bayawak iguana; a large lizard bawal admonicion fem. (a warning baybay ortografía fem. (forming to somebody to be careful about of words by ordering letters)

26

biki baybay dagat playa (laplaya syn.) beterinaryo veterinario(-a) mas. baybayin costa fem. sa baybayin (fem.) (somebody trained and en la costa (tabing-dagat syn.) qualified in the medical treatment bayologi biología (the science that of animals) deals with all forms of life, include- bibi pato mas. pata fem. ánade ing their classification, physiology, mas. itik anadón mas. lumakad chemistry, and interactions; hay- na tulad ng bibi anadón maliit nayan syn.) na bibi anadino mas. bayoneta bayoneta fem. (blade fit- bibig boca fem. tahimik ang bi- ted to rifle) big mo callarse ¡calla!, ¡cállate! bayopsya biopsia fem. (the remo- Pagbuka ng bibig. boquiabierto val of a sample of tissue from a ng bibig bucalBuksan ang iyong living person for laboratory exami- bibig. Abra la boca. nation) bibigay oferta fem. ofrecer verb bayros virus mas. (a submicrosco- ibigay ofrecer algo a alguien pic parasitic particle of a nucleic biblia Biblia fem. (Banal na kasula- acid surrounded by protein that tan. Christian holy book) alam can only replicate within a host lahat saber la Biblia cell; haykap syn.) bibora víbora fem. (ulupong syn.) baytang grado mas. bigamiya bigamia fem. bigamo- baywang vita, cintura fem. (body nista bígamo(-a) mas.(fem.) da- area between ribs and hips) lawang ang asawa bena vena fem. (ugat syn. a blood bigas arroz arroz con leche vessel that carries blood to the bigay dar regalo regalar ipamigay heart) regalar ibalik devolver bigayan benda vendaje mas. vendar verb toma mas. y daca bendor vendedora (tindero; ang bigayan toma mas. y daca nagtitinda; nagbibili syn.) bigkas pronunciar (utter sounds or benepisyo beneficio mas. some- words; artikulasyon syn.) thing that has a good effect or bigla brusco repentino; instantá- promotes well-being (pakinabang neo; abrupto (agad kaagad syn.) syn.) biglaan al azar (daglian syn.) benta venta fem. para sa benta se biglang sacudida fem; dar un tirón vende bigote bigote mas. (misay syn.) bentilasyon ventilación fem. (the biguin frustrar; desilusionado, de- movement or circulation of fresh cepcionado air) bigtihan horca bigtihin estrangular bentaha beneficio mas. (advantage bigting tenazas fem. pl. (sipit; ti- benefit; profit) yani; plais syn.) berde verde (lunti; luntihan syn.) biha colilla fem. (kaputol syn. ciga- beriberi an oriental diseas caused rette or cigar butt) by lack of vitamins bihasa acostumbrar adj. (adroit; beranda porche mas. (extends accustomed to) along an outside wall of a building) bihira raramente, casi nunca; ra- bertikal vertical adjective derecho ridad fem. dili raro (patayo; patindig syn.) bihon tallarines mas. (thin strip of beses veces apat na beses cuatro pasta) veces Ilang beses sa isang ar- biig cochinillo mas. (kulig syn. a aw? ¿Quántas veces al dia? young ) bestido vestido mas. (baro; damit) bikas figura fem. forma fem. (anyo) beterano veterano (May mahabang biki paperas fem. pl. (an acute karanasan) 27

contagious disease, usually affec- binabati cumplimentar parabién ting children, that causes a fever mas. bumabati cumplimiento with swelling of the salivary glands mas. enhorabuena fem. dar el and sometimes also affects the parabién a pancreas and ovaries or testes) binatilyo adolescente mas. at fem. biko a sweet made de adolescente adjective (some- with sugar, butter, and coconut body who has reached puberty but milk is not yet an adult) biktima víctima fem. bumiktima; binatog grains of corn boiled with magsamantala tratar injusta- grated coconut and salt mente bingi sordo mabingi ensordecer bilang número mas. cuenta fem. pagkabingi sordera fem. naka- (numero syn.) bilangan contar bibingi ensordecedor bingi pa- con bumilang contar rang isang bato estar más sordo bilangguan prisión; cárcel fem. que una tapia chirona fem. colloquial bilanggo bingit frontera fem. borde mas. prisionero(-a) mas. (fem.) kulug- binhi semilla fem. (plant part con- in estar en chirona colloquial taining embryo) 1 bili compra fem. adquisición fem. binibini señorita fem. (dalaga) 2 bumili agquirir bilhin comprar binibini soltero mujer (di kasal) nagbili ang batang babae mga binibinta arrendamiento mas. al- rosas. Las rosas fueron compra- quiler mas. sa binibinta se alquila das por la niña. bino vino mas. (alcohol fermented Bilibid prisión; cárcel fem. (bilang- from grapes) guan syn. the state penitentiary of binomba atentado mas. con bomba the Philippines) manganyon bombardear bomba bilis rápido; prisa bilis-bilis ade- bomba fem. lantado bilisan rápidamente bi- binta barco mas. de vela, velero lisan mo! ¡date prisa! Magmabi- bintana ventana fem. (durungawan lis ako tener prisa Bilisan! ¡Dése binti pierna fem. (tao) pata fem. prisa! Si Mario ay tatarabaho (hayop) mabilis. Mario trabaja rápidamen- binyag bautismo mas. (baptismo te. syn.) binyagan bautizar bilya billar mas. (game of hitting biograpiya biografía fem. (account balls with cue) of somebody's life) bilyon mil millones mas. pl., mil- biolohiya biología fem. (the science lardo mas. that deals with all forms of life, bilig embrión mas. (human off- including their classification, phy- spring in initial developmental siology, chemistry, and interac- stage) similya feto (an unborn tions) biolohista biólogo (-a) human offspring after eight weeks mas.(fem.) of development) birhen doncella fem. (dalaga; ma- bilog círculo mas. esfera fem. re- linis na babae) dondo(circle; sphere; round; girth) biro chiste mas. broma fem. biru- biloy hoyuelo mas. (dimpol syn.) an en broma biruin bromas apar- binabae homosexual (masculine) te laro tayo ng biruan gastar binalaki homosexual (female) una broma a Pwera biro! ¡en se- binalaklak martillo mas. (martilyo) rio! binabalaan advertir, avisar babala biruin crío mas. niño mas. (kid; advertencia fem. aviso mas. hindi child; the young one’s) bumala sin previo aviso birus virus mas. (submicroscopic parasitic particle of a nucleic acid) 28

bola-bola

1 bisa visa fem. visado mas. (an of- stomach and the anus) asadura ficial endorsement in a passport fem. (lamang loob; the edible, in- authorizing the bearer to enter or ternal organs) maliit na bituka leave) intestino delgado malaking bitu- 2 bisa vehemencia fem. (vehemen- ka intestino grueso ce; the power to produce a desired bituin estrella fem. mabituin es- effect; efficacy) trellado bisagra charnela fem. (a movable biyahe viaje mas. biyahero via- joint to fasten two things) jero(-a) mas.(fem.) caminante bisig antebrazo mas. (braso) mas. at fem. bisikleta bicicleta fem. biyenang babae suegra fem. (the bisiro ternero(-a) mas. (fem.) be- mother of a person's spouse) cerro(-a) mas. (fem.) (bulo; guya) biyenang lalaki suegro mas. (the bisita visita fem. (panauhin; dalaw father of somebody's husband or syn.) Bibisita ako pamilya ko. wife) Estoy visitando a mis familiares. Biyernes viernes mas. (the fifth biskuwit bollo mas. panecillo mas. day of the traditional working (small round piece of bread) week) pupunta ako sa Manila sa bislad dried fish (bitad; tuyo ) Biyernes. Voy a Manila el viernes. bisperas víspera fem. (eve, day biyolin violín mas. (stringed instru- before) ment played with bow) bistay tamiz mas. cedazo mas. cri- biyolohia biología fem. (the science ba fem. bistain tamizar (a utensil that deals with all forms of life, in- used to separate solids from liqui- cluding their classification, physio- ds, salangan; panala syn.) logy, chemistry, and interactions) consists of thinly sliced beef biyuda viuda (balong babae syn.) marinated in soy sauce and kala- biyudo viudo (balong lalaki) mansi and then fried in a skillet blanko blanco blanko isip ko ten- that is served with onions go la mente en blanco bistida vestido (woman's one-piece blusa blusa fem. (woman's shirt) garment) bobo booby; somebody regarded as bisyo vicio mas. (masamang ki- silly or unintelligent namihasnan; masamang hilig; an bodega almacén mas. bodegero evil habit or tendency) conserje mas. at fem. bodega sa bitamina vitamina fem. (an organic ilalim ng lupa sótano mas. substance essential in small quan- bogyang animado adjective tities to the metabolism in most bohol bohol engullir(to eat some- animals. Vitamins are found in thing quickly and greedily) minute quantities in food, in some bokabularya vocabulario mas. (ta- cases are produced by the body) lasalitaan syn. words of language ) bitang acusación fem. (a claim that boka-inseridiyo idrante mas. (wa- somebody has done s.thing illegal ter source in the street ) or wrong) bokay-pato alicates fem. pl. (hand bitay ejecución fem. Patayin nang tool with two hinged arms ending walang litis. ley de Lynch in jaws ) bitayin linchar (lynch; to seize s.b. boksingero boxeador(a) mas.(fem) believed to have committed a púgil mas. boksing pugilato mas. crime and put him or her to death bola bola fem. maliit na bola pelo- immediately and without trial) ta fem. malaking bola balón mas. bitones ojal mas. (ohales syn.) hagis bolada fem. bituka intestino mas. (the part of bola-bola albóndiga fem. (ground the digestive system between the 29 bolista

meat in ball shape) quor distilled from fermented jui- bolista bolsista mas. (commercial ce) agent) brasan fregar ang mga kamay bolo a large heavy knife with a frotar broad blade used as a weapon or braso brazo mas. yakap abrazar as a tool for cutting through vege- yakapin abrazo pang ko brazado tation Brindis! ¡salud! (Kampay!) bolsa bolsa fem. (de valores) bo- brongkitis bronquitis fem. (inflam- lisista corredor(a) mas.(fem.) de mation of the mucous membrane bolsa bolsa ko ito. Este es mi bol- in the airways bronchial tubes of sa. mandukot cortabolsas the lungs, resulting from infection bolkano volcano mas. bolkaniko or irritation and causing breathing volcánico bunganga ng bulkan problems and severe coughing) cráter mas. bronse bronce mas. (a hard yel- bolol tartamudear (speak with lowish brown alloy of copper and stammer) tin, sometimes containing small bolta voltio mas. boltahe voltaje amounts of other metals; Tanso boluntaryo voluntario(-a) mas. syn.) (fem.) (Ang humihiling. Ang may bruha bruja; hechicera fem. mang- kahilingan.) gagaway; mangkukulam syn.) bomba bomba fem. binomba at- panggagaway brujería fem. eng- entado mas. con bomba man- kantihin embrujar; hechizar ganyon bombardear eroplanong sumpain sortilegio mas. pambomba cazabombardero mas. bubog vidrio mas. (transparent bombero bombero (-a) mas.(fem.) solid substance) istasyong mga bombero par- bubol vello mas. púbico que de bomberos brigadang bubong techo mas. tejado mas. mga bombero cuerpo de bom- bubuwit a species of small mouse beros bombahin bombear bubuyog abejorro mas. pagkit ce- bombilya bombilla fem. Latin Ame- ra fem. mga bahay ng bubu- rica foco mas. haba fem. yog ceras bombo barrica fem. barril mas. budhi conciencia fem. (konsensiya; (dram; kanlang; a cylindrical con- sense of right and wrong) tainer with a flat top and bottom, bugaw shooing away of fowls, used to store liquids) insects, animals or people (aboy; bonga judía fem. alubia fem. Latin taboy syn.) America frijol mas. South America bugbug tortazo; galletazo mas. dar poroto mas. un golpetazo a; dar una paliza a bora borrar (erase, rub out) bugtong acertijo mas. (palaisipan boratso borracho (lasing syn.) buhangin arena fem. liha lijar boses voz fem. (tinig syn.) buhatin arrastrar (to move some- botanika botánico adjective (karu- thing, especially something that is nungan tungkol sa mga halaman) too large, heavy, or cumbersome) botsa contaminado (tainted; meat buhat noon desde (a grammatical go bad) word used to indicate that a si- bote botella fem. kapsula cápsula tuation has continued from a par- fem. (Panakip ng bote.) ticular time or event in the past) boto voto mas. botser vale mas. buhawi tornado mas. (bagyo; sig- boya boya fem. baliza fem. (palu- wa syn.) tang syn.) buhay vida fem. Yun na yun! ¡así brandy coñac mas. aguardiente (li- es la vida! habang buhay toda su vida parehong buhay realista 30

bululos

para sa buhay de toda la vida buko pandan sweetened grated nasa loob ng buhay ko durante strips of coconut with , mi vida Buhay naging bangun- milk, and the juice or extract from got. La vida se volvió una pesa- pandan leaves dilla. aking mahal ¡vida mía! buktot malvado, perverso (impi) buhay-buhay one’s daily life (ano- bukubuko tobillo mas. (joint bet- ng ginagawa araw-araw) ween foot and leg) buhok pelo; cabello mas. isang bukung-bukong tobillo mas. taba buhok pelo mas. ang mga bu- fem. (joint between foot and leg) hok ng katawan vello mas. man- sino ay ang amo tomar la taba gungupit; mangungulot pelu- bula burbuja fem. (bubble vesicle quero(-a)mas.(fem.) pang ipit sa froth; soapsuds) horquilla fem. making sutilezas bulaan mentiroso(-a) mas.(fem.) fem. pl. mabalahibo peludo gupit bulag ciego; ceguedad fem. bulag corte mas. de pelo walang bu- nang kulay daltónico Bulag ka hok sin pelo pelo mabalahibo ca- ba ? ¿Estás ciego? belludo may puting buhok cano Bulaga! Wow! may kulay ng abo na buhok ca- bulak algodón mas. lana fem. tin- noso isang bungkos na buhok dero ng bulak algodonero mas. mechón mas. mahabang buhok bulaklak flor fem. paso florero melena fem. mabalahibo peloso mas. namumulaklak florecimi- buhol nudo mas. (tali syn. a knot) ento fem. mabulaklak floreciente buhulbuhol devorar (bohol bohol) plorera jarrón mas. paso maceta buhong mentiroso (tampalasan) fem. buhosan tirar buhosan mo ang bulalakaw meteorito mas. cometa kobeta tirar de la cadena mas. (taeng-bituin; kometa syn.) bukang liwayway amanecer mas. bulalas eyaculación fem. (ibulalas; alba fem. alborada fem. (mada- to eject semen from the penis du- ling-araw; pamimitak ng araw) ring orgasm) 1 bukas abrir, abierto mahangin rótula fem. (flat bone over sa labas al aire libre knee joint) 2 bukas mañana bukas sa umaga bulanglang guiso mas. (simmered mañana por la mañana sa maka- dish) cocido mas. (a dish of meat, lawa pasado mañana fish, or vegetables, or a combina- coconut tion of them, that is cooked by bukbok ajenjo mas. carcoma fem. slow simmering) puchero mas. 1 bukid rural adjective (linang; ara- bulaos camino mas. (a track that ruhan syn.) has been worn by the continual 2 bukid agreste (pambukid; pang- passage of feet) kabukiran; panlalawigan) bulati tenia fem. solitaria fem. bukirin granja fem. (sakahan syn.) bulilit diminuto, minúsculo (kid; the buko coco mas. palma cocotero small one`s; tiny) buko ng daliri nudillo mas. (a joint bulimiya bulimia fem. (a condition of a finger) in which bouts of overeating are bukod a un lado, junto a, except, followed by undereating, use of aparte, fuera de, además de bu- laxatives, or self-induced vomit- kod sa bata’ aparte del niño ing) bukod kay Mario aparte de Mario bulong susurro mas. susurrar verb bukod sa iyo a parte de ti Bukod musitar (whisper undertone; mur- sa iba pang mga bagay entre mur) otras cosas bulsa bolsillo mas. (pitaka; supot) bukol abolladura; inchazón fem. 31 bululos bululos diarrea fem. (kurso; pag- dok montañero(-a) mas.(fem.) al- tatae; diyariya syn. frequent and pinista mas. at fem., Latin America excessive bowel movements) andinista mas. at fem. bulubun- bulutong alfombrilla; rubéola fem. dukin montañoso akyatin alpinis- bulwagan vestíbulo mas. (an en- mo mas. montadura fem. bulu- trance area in a public building) bundukin sierra 1 bumaba fluctuar; degradar; en bunga fruta fem. (prutas syn.) llamas mabunga fructífero; fértil 2 bumagsak estrellarse, chocar (a bunga resulta (the way that s.th. violent collision, typically of one turns out in the end) vehicle with another or with an bungaw desdentado adjective obstacle) (completely thoothless) bumagtas cruzar verb cruzarse bungang-araw solanera fem. (bur- (pass through) ned skin from overexposure to the bumalik volver, regresa, devolver sun) (come or go back to a place or bungo calavera fem. cráneo mas. person) (the skeletal part of the head ) bumaltak desgarrar, rasgar, ras- buni herpes mas. (a viral infection garse (pull or rip (something) causing small painful blisters and apart or to pieces with force) inflammation, most commonly at bumaon penetrar (succeed in forc- the junction of skin and mucous ing a way into or through) membrane in the mouth or nose or bumasa leer (look at and compre- in the genitals) hend the meaning of (written or bunlag ruina fem. (ruina pinagka- printed matter) gibaan syn.) bumasag infringir, machaquear, bunso the youngest child frangir, fallar, dilacerar, tascar buntala cometa mas. (taeng-bituin) bumatak arrastrar; acarrear, arra- buntingting wating time by unne- strarse (pull or drag with effort or cessary attention to details force) buntis embarazo mas. maternidad bumigas endurecer, endurecerse fem. embarazada; preñez fem. (make or become hard or harder) magbuntis; encinta; preñada bumigay hundirse; desplomarse; nagbubuntis nagdadalang tao demoler preñar magkabuntis preñez bumigo fallar (be unsuccessful in buntot cola fem. rabo mas. (rear achieving one's goal) part of animal's body) bumili compra (obtain in exchange buo todo(s); ambo(a)s (complete, for payment) including all parts or aspects, with bumuykoteo boicotear (lumayo) nothing left out) boicot mas. (to cease or refuse to buol tobillo mas. (joint between deal with something such as a foot and leg) company as a protest against it buriko burro mas. borrica fem. ju- to become more acceptable) menta fem. asno mas. (asno syn. bumulalas soltar verb eyaculación a small domesticated member of fem. (ibulalas; to eject semen the horse family) from the penis during orgasm) buro fermentación (the breakdown bumulong murmullo mas. mururar of carbohydrates by microorganis- bumunot depilar ms; binuro syn.) 1 bumuwag trastornar alterar; inter- burol colina fem. maburol con rumpir colinas taluktok ng burol cumbre bundok montaña fem. mamumun- fem. dalisdis ng bundok ladera fem. 32

bweno

2 burol funeral mas. entierro mas. make a hole or holes in s.thing) bus autobús mas., México camión butas-butas perforado (dotted with mas., colectivo mas., small holes) Central America guagua fem. butas ng ilong ventana fem. de la Umaalis ang bus oras-oras. El nariz autobús sale cada hora. Bakit ba butaw debido; con tribución (am- ayaw mong sumkay ng bus? bag syn.) ¿Por qué no tomas el autobús? buti bondad fem. (the quality of be- Saan papunta ang bus na ito? ing good) ¿A dónde va este autobús? Um- butiki lagarto mas. (a reptile with a aalis ang bus oras-oras. El long scaly body) autobús sale cada hora. Nagbus butil almendra fem. semilla fem. si Maria. María toma el autobús. butil-butil miga fem. (small frag- Saan papunta ang bus na ito? ment of baked food) ¿A dónde va este autobús? buto hueso mas. ng prutas cora- busal bozal; a device that is strap- zón mas. buto ng isda espina ped over the nose and jaws of an fem. mambato pedrada kaba- animal to prevent it from opening tuhan pedregal its mouth butubuto costilla fem. (curved busalan hocico mas. ng aso bozal bone of chest) mas. poner un bozal a butones botón verb abotonar busan tirar Buhusan mo ang ko- buwan 1 mes mas. (a major named beta. tirar de la cadena division of the year) buwan bu- busina bocina fem. claxon mas. wan mensual buwanan mensu- cornadura fem. (noise-making almente adverb warning device) buwan 2 luna fem. (Earth's only na- busog lleno (holding as much or as tural satellite) titual cuarto mas. many as is possible) busog ako. creciente pulutgata luna de miel Estoy lleno. Busog na busog ako. kabilugan ng buwan luna llena Estoy muy lleno. Salamat! Busog lupa ng buwan alunizar naliliwa- pa ako/kami. Gracias. Estoy / nagan o natatang lawan ng bu- todavía estamos llenos. Busog pa wan iluminado por la luna ako. Kakakain ko lang kasi. buwaya caimán; cocodrilo mas. ya- Todavía estoy lleno Eso es porque caré mas. (large reptile) acabo de comer. buwis impuesto mas. systema ng busol botón de puerta buwis sistema de impuestos pag- buson buzón mas. sulat; korero buwis imposición de impuestos correo mas. kartero cartero mas. buwitre buitre mas. (ibong kum- butanding ballena fem. (balyena; akain ng bulok na laman; taong dambuhala syn.) masiba na naninila ng kapwa) butangero matón(-ona) mas.(fem) bweno bien (generally good, in butas agujero mas. sa lupa hoyo working order satisfactory, or plea- (hollow space in a solid object or sing) Bweno, tatawag ako sa area) butas ng oson agujero de ‘yo bukas. Muy bien, te llamaré ozono mañana. Bweno, bweno, nan- butasan perforado; taladrar (to dito ka pala. Bueno, bueno, en- tonces estás aquí.

33 daan D daan carretera fem. sa probinsya dagdag además; ensanchar; agran- calle fem. sa bayan camino mas. dar dagdagan ampliar; aumen- daanan tirarle los tejos a malu- tar Puede bang makahingi pa wang na lansangang sadya pa- ng dagdag? ¿Puedo tener más? ra sa matuling bibiyahe camino dagim bruma fem. (with a lot of real pulong bituin camino de mist) calina fem. (a thin fog) Santiago (galaksy; malaking gru- dagta zumo mas. Latin America po ng mga bituin sa kalawakan) jugo mas. (katas; yago; liquid kalahating daan a medio cami- from fruit or vegetables) ng puno no Saan ang daan … ? ¿Por dón- savia fem. de se va a….? may ka ba isang dahan lentitud fem. dahan dahan mapa ng kalsada? ¿Tiene usted despacio, lentamente dahanan un mapa de carreteras? dumaan bajar (bagal; hina syn.) Dahan- pasada fem. daan ng taong dahan lang ho. Cuidado por fa- bumabagtas sa daan nang la- vor. bang sa batas ng trapiko paso dahas violencia fem. (lakas syn.) masculine de peatones Ipakita dahik dique seco (baradero; place ang daan. ¿Me puedes mostrar el for ships to moor) camino? Mayroon bang daan? dahil porque conjunction for the ¿Hay alguna carretera? Dadaan reason that follows dahil sa ma- ba kayo sa … ? ¿Estás pasando hal na iyan (kasi; sapagkat syn.) por ...? Ito ba ang daan patungo dahil sa a causa de sa … ? ¿Es esta la forma de ...? dahilan razón; porque; a motive or daanan n entrada; a door or gate cause for acting or thinking in a through which people enter particular way Ito ang dahilan. daang malagatas Vía Láctea; ma- esta es la razón. laking grupo ng mga bituin sa ka- dahilig declive mas. cuesta fem. lawakan (talibis; ground that inclines sli- dadasal oración fem. dasal rezar ghtly) paakyat cuesta abajo dado dado mas. (solid figure of six pababa cuesta arriba equal sides) dahon hoja fem. (ohas; pohas) daga ratón mas. rata fem. lason maraming mga dahon hojoso ng daga raticida mas. panghuli maliit na dahon hojuela fem. ng daga ratonera fem. daigdig mundo mas. (mundo syn.) dagadagaan bíceps mas. (a muscle daigdigan universo mas. cósmico in the upper arm) (sanlibutan syn. the totality of all dagat mar mas. océano mas. sa matter and energy that exists in dagat junto al mar tabing-dagat the vastness of space) costa sa tabing-dagat en la cos- dakila notable; majestuoso ta dagatan laguna fem. laot dakot a handful (kamal; karakot mar ancha sa ang laot en alta syn.) mar itapon sa dagat al mar caer dala llevar; traer; entregar; repartir sa laot en alta mar sa pamama- daladala llevar a cabo daladala- gitan ng dagat por mar hacerse a han equipaje mas. ilagay sa dagat la mar magas- dalaga a young unmarried woman pang ng dagat mar alta dagat- dalagita virgen mas. at fem. moza dagatan pulilan; laguna syn. la- dalampasigan playa (laplala; bay- guna 34

daw bay-dagat syn.) dalanghita naranja fem. puno ng damo mala hierba damo ng dagat dalanghita naranjo alga fem. (lumot syn.) manginain dalat abreviatura fem. (abbbreva- ng damo (to eat growing grass; tion; a shortened form of a word pacer) or phrase) daglatin abreviar dampa chabola fem. (kubo syn.) dalaw visitante mas. visita fem. cabaña fem. refugio mas. (bisita; panauhin syn.) dampi light and gentle touch daldal cotilleo mas. (satsat syn.) dampot coger damputin recoger parlotear; madaldal cháchara damuhan césped mas. (an area of fem. tarabilla fem. short cultivated grass) dalhin traer (dalhan syn.) dansa baile mas. (sayaw syn.) dali rápido dali na! ¡date prisa! dapat deber auxiliar a verb that is daling deprisa ito ay madali used with another verb to indicate ¡qué rápido dalisan rápidamente person, number, mood, tense, or Dali-daliin mo lang. Por favor aspect Dapat mong bisitahin date prisa. ang kanyang. Deberias ir a visi- daliri dedo mas. tocar verb daliri taria. Dapat nating tulungan ng paa dedo mas. del pie buko ang mga mahihirap. Debemos ng daliri nudillo mas. palang ayudar a los necesitados. Sila ay singsing a dedo dedo anular ma- dapat magkaroon dumating sa liit na daliri auricular, dedo me- pamamagitan ng ngayon ya ñique daliri ng puso dedo del deben de haber llegado corazón hintuturo dedo índice dapit-hapon anochecida fem. (the hinglalaki dedo pulgar marka ng time of evening at which it be- daliri huella dactilar, huella digital comes dark and night begins) maliit na daliri meñique mas. dapo orquídea fem. parasitic plant dalok adobo (vegetable that has dapulak pulgóon mas. acquired a sharp taste by being daragis disenteria (disease of the preserved in vinegar) lower intestine caused by infection dalubhasa experto(-a) mas.(fem.) with bacteria, protozoans or para- especialista mas. at fem. (s.body sites and marked by severe diar- skilled or knowledgeable) rhea, inflammation, and the pas- daluyong surf mas. ang mga alon; sage of blood and mucus) the lines of foamy waves that darating llegar darating sa llegar break on a seashore or reef a ang mga darating llegadas dam dique mas. (prinsa; pangha- fem. pl. rang sa tubig) dasal rezar (to speak to God, a dei- dambana santuario mas. altar mas. ty, or a saint dasalan Biblia fem. (simbahan syn. a holy place) dati antiguo; anterior; previo; an- damdam sentimiento mas. ((ability tes dating anterior ang dating el to have physical sensation) primero damdamin emoción fem. (a strong daungan malecón; embarcadero feeling about s.body or s.thing) mas. lumulan sa bapor embar- dami cantidad fem. damihan ates- car (put on board) tado; superpoblado (isang) ma- daw a reporting particle that ex- raming damihan ng (una) gran presses that the information in the cantidad de sentence is second-hand; they damit ropa fem. (kasuutan; baro say, he said, reportedly, suppo- syn.) damit-panloob ropa fem. sedly, etc. Sabi raw niya. / Sabi interior Hubarin mo ang damit daw niya. He / she supposedly mo. Quitese la ropa. said. Sabi raw nila./ Sabi daw 35 dawdaw

nila. They supposedly said. Sabi No tengo nada que declarer. mo raw./Sabi mo daw. You delegasyon delegación f (lupong supposedly said. Malaki daw ang tagakatawan; mga sugong kina- bahay. Dijeron que la casa era tawan) grande. Ano daw ang nangyari? deletante delitante mas. at fem. ¿Qué dijo él que pasó? Masarap (taong maalam magkumpuni ng daw ang pagkain doon. He oído maliliit na sira; taong mapanira) que la comida allí es buena. delikado delicado (mahina syn.) dawdaw dip; to put s.thing briefly delingkuwente delincuente mas. into a liquid at fem. (s.body, especially a young daya engaños mas. pl. estafa fem. person, who has acted antisocially (kanulo) fraude mas. dayaan or broken the law) estafar algo a alguien dayain en- demento negar (hindi totoo; tum- gañar; embaucar; estafar; frau- angging sumampalataya o ma- dulento (ipahkanulo; magkanulo; niwala) mandaya; ipahkanulo; deceive demokrasya democracia fem. (the somebody) free and equal right of every per- dayahorea diarrea fem. (frequent son to participate in a system of and excessive discharging of the government, often practiced by bowels producing thin watery fe- electing representatives of the ces, usually as a symptom of gas- people by the majority of the trointestinal upset or infection) people) demokrata demócrata dayametro diametro mas. (bantod; mas. at fem. demokratiko de- a straight line running from one mocrático side of a circle through the center demolisyon demolición fem. demo- to the other side) ler; destruir (syn. bumigay; agiba; dayami heno mas. paja fem. (dried gibain; iguho; wasakin) rice or grain stalks used as a fod- demonyo demonio mas. demona- der for cattle) siyo demoníaco dayamon diamante mas. (a hard demostrasyon demostración fem. transparent precious stone that is demonstrador manifestante mas. a variety of carbon) at fem. dayang princesa fem. (prinsesa) dentista dentista mas. at fem. dayeta dieta fem. Timbang na departamento departamento mas. pagkain régimen mas. (control- (kagawaran syn. a division of a led intake of food) large organization) dayuhan extranjero(-a) mas.(fem.) depekto defecto mas. (kamalian) de- prefix, meaning, having, wear- deposito depósito mas. depositu- ing, using, often used instead of han depositar naka- deretso recto; derecho tayong dede baby’s bottle of milk (dodo) deretso! ¡ponte recto! daretso- dekada década fem. (sampung ta- daretso todo derecho derede- on syn.) retso de frente dekadensya decadencia fem. (a desisyon decisión fem. (pasya syn) process of decline or decay in a deserto desierto mas. (ilang syn.) society, especially in its morals) destinasyon destino mas. (paro- dekano dekano mas. (a senior roonan syn. member of the academic staff of a Desyembre diciembre mas. (the university) 12th month of the year, lasting 31 deklarasyon declaración (saysay days) syn.) Ako ay walang ideklara. detalye detalle mas. (an individual separable part of something) sa 36

dira

detalye en detalle dimensyon dimensión fem. (sukat; diablo demonio mas. (diyabolo) lawak syn. measurement of some- di ba correcto Ayos di ba! ¡eso es! thing in one or more directions dibrensya diferente, distinto (iba) such as length, width, or height) dibdib botiquín; cofre; pecho mas. dimpol hoyuelo mas. (biloy syn.) (the part of the body between the dinamita fem. (pasabog; neck and the stomach) sakit dib- a powerful explosive consisting of dib ko Tengo dolor en el pecho a porous material such as wood dedal didal mas. (small protective pulp or sawdust, combined with cap for a finger when sewing) ammonium or sodium nitrate, or digmaan batalla fem. lugar ng nitroglycerin, and an antacid such digmaan campo mas. de batalla as calcium carbonate) Bapor pangdigma acorazado din también; idem (rin; used to in- mas. dicate that a person, thing, or as- 1 diin compresa fem. gaso (tuon pect of a situation applies in addi- syn. to make something smaller by tion to the one just mentioned) applying pressure) ako din yo también Maganda din comprimir; prensar diinan pulsar, si Maria. María también es bonita. presionar; prensa fem. Hindi din maganda si Maria. 2 diin acento mas. (manner of pro- María tampoco es bonita. Linisin nunciation) mo na din ito. Limpia esto dikorasyon decoración fem. (pa- también. Nandito ka na rin lang, lamuti syn.) bakit hindi’ ka kumain dito? Ya diksiyonaryo diccionario mas. (a que estás aquí de todos modos, reference book that contains al- ¿por qué no comes aquí? phabetically ordered words, with dingal pomposo; grandiosidad fem. explanations of their meanings, dinig oír; oreja fem. makinig es- often with information about cuchar grammar, pronunciation, and ety- dinggin oír narinig oída mology: talatinigan syn.) dinosauriyo dinosaurio mas. (an dikta dictado mas. (students' writ- extinct, chiefly terrestrial reptile ing of words spoken) that lived in the Mesozoic Era) diktador dictador(a) mas.(fem.) pig's blood, entrails and diktadura dictadura fem. (Pamha- meat cooked with vinegar and laang pinamumunuan ng isang seasoned with siling mahaba (the diktador.) long chilli pepper) dikya medusa fem. (salabay syn.) dipende depender (to be affected dila lengua fem. (the fleshy organ or decided by other factors) inside of the mouth) ang dila la diploma diploma mas. (course cer- sin hueso dila sa dila de lengua tificate) en lengua Pagpupulong tungkol diplomatiko diplomático(-a) mas. sa buhay ng iba. mala lengua (fem.) may kinalaman sa diplo- dilaan lamer masya diplomático diplomasya dilaw amarillo mas. (amarilyo syn.) diplomática fem. (mahusay na pa- dilema dilema mas. (sapilitang pa- kikitungo) mimili sa dalawang bagay na kap- dipteriya difteria fem. (infectious wa hindi gusto) disease that attacks the membra- dilis anchoa fem. (a small silvery nes of the throat and releases a ocean fish that travels in large toxin that damages the heart and schools.) the nervous system) dilubyo diluvio mas. (a sudden dira con ojos de sueño (bleary con- heavy downpour of rain) 37 direkta

ditin of the eyes) raluman; nimba syn.) direkta directo; instantáneo (bigla diyabetis diabetes fem. (a medical agad syn.) disorder, especially diabetes mel- diretso directo; derecho Diretso litus, that causes the body to pro- ba kayo sa … ? ¿Vas directo a ...? duce an excessive amount of urine disente decente; modesto adjective diyabolo diablo diaboliko diabólico diserto diserto (ilang syn.) oasis diyahorheya diarrea fem. (frequ- oasis; lunti o mabungan lugar sa ent and excessive discharging of diserto the bowels producing thin watery disimpekta desinfectar (to clean feces, usually as a symptom of something so as to destroy di- gastrointestinal upset or infection) sease-carrying microorganisms) diyalekto dialecto mas. (regional disiplina disciplina bata, aso casti- variety of language) gar empleado sancionar diyalogo diálogo mas. (uusap; sa- disipulo discípulo mas. (follower of litaan syn. talk of any kind bet- person or idea) ween two or more people) diskalipiksyon descalificar (mag- diyamante diamante mas. (a hard paalang-karapatang syn.) transparent precious stone that is diskurso discurso (talumpati syn.) a variety of carbon) 1 arenga fem. (a talk given to an diyan adject. aquel mas. sing. a- audience) quella fem. sing. aquellos mas. pl. diskubre descubrir (tuklasin syn.) aquellas fem. pl. is used for nouns diskriminasyon discriminación that are far from the speaker. (ro- fem. (magtangi syn. unfair treat- ón (n)iyán, doon, riyán, ayán, ment of one person or group, usu- ayón, (n)iyán, ayán) ang batang ally because of prejudice about lalaki diyan aquel chico ang ba- race, ethnicity, age, religion, or tang babae diyan aquella chica gender) pagtatangi laban sa pa- ang mga batang lalaki diyan kisamahan nang may itinatangi aquellos chicos ang mga batang discriminar babae diyan aquellas chicas 2 disleksya dislexia (a learning diyan allí, ahí, allá adverb (doon disorder marked by a severe dif- syn.) Diyan! allí, ahí, allá diyan ficulty in recognizing and under- siya ahí está standing written language, leading diyapragma diafragma mas. (cur- to spelling and writing problems) ved muscular membrane in hu- disposisyon carácter (pasya syn.) mans and other mammals that mas. plan mas. preparativo mas. separates the abdomen from the distansya distancia (layo syn. the area around the lungs) length of the space separating two diyariya diarrea fem. (kurso; pag- people, places, or things) tatae; bululos syn.) distinguido claro; distinto (clearly diyaryo testata fem. (peryodiko) different and separate from others diyos dios (bathala; panginoon syn. distrito zona fem. territorio mas. Diyos ko po! ¡Dios mío! Diyos (an area of a town or country) salamat! ¡gracias a Dios! Piskan! Disyembre diciembre mas. (the ¡que Dios te bendiga! 12th month of the year, lasting 31 dobel doble mas. at fem. (ibayo) days) doktor médico mas. médica fem. dito aquí adverb acá dito at do- doctor mas. (manggagamot syn.) on acá y a(cu)llá Dito ang intras. Saan ang pinakamalapit na Aqui es la entra-da. doctor? ¿Dónde está el doctor diwata deidad fem. hada fem. (pa- más cercano? Kailangan ko ang doktor. Necesito un doctor. 38

duyan

Magdodoktor si Mario. Mario dugo sangre fem. nagdudugo; quiere convertirse en médico. duguhin sangrar Pagdanak ng doktrina doctrina fem. (Ang buod dugo blood sheed duguan en- ng mga doktrina. pandoktrina; sangrentado dumugo sangría ma- mapaggiit ng sariling paninwala sa dugo cruento iba.) dugong foca fem. (fish-eating oce- dokumento documento mas. do- an mammal) kumentado documentación fem. dugso pez fem. espada (malasigi; domestik doméstico, del hogar isdang-ispanda syn.) donasyon donación fem. donativo duhawi tornado mas. (column of mas. (bigay; kaloob syn.) swirling wind) 1 doon allí, ahí, allá adverb Doon! dukha impeccunious; indigent allí, ahí, allá dula escenario dulaan teatro mas. 2 doon adjective aquel mas. sing. a- dulas 1 resbalar madulas resbala- quella fem. sing. aquellos mas. pl. dizo dumulas resbalón aquellas fem. pl. is used for nouns dulas 2 alisado (not having a rough that are far from the speaker. (ro- or uneven surface) ón (n)iyán, diyán, riyán, ayán, dulo 1 horizonte mas. (place where ayón, (n)iyán, ayán) ang batang earth meets sky; horisonte ) lalaki doon aquel chico ang ba- dulo 2 final (the limit, extent, or tang babae doon aquella chica boundary of something; a final ang mga batang lalaki doon part) sa/nasa dulo ng al final aquellos chicos ang mga batang dumating sa isang masamang babae doon aquellas chicas dulo parar en mal dora escupir (eject saliva) dumadami aumento; creciente, sufrir (feel pain) acrecencia (become larger or dragon dragón mas. (scaly green greater over a period of time; monster that breathes fire) increase.) drama drama mas. dramatiko dumating llegar, ven (move or dramático dramatisasyon travel toward or into a place) dramatización fem. dramaturgo dumi basura fem. suciedad fem. dramaturgo(-a) mas.(fem.) dumihan cubo mas. de la basura drastiko drástico adjective (mahig- dumighay eructar (noise made pit; marahas syn.) through mouth) drayn desagüe mas. (bangbang; dumikit adherirse, estar adherido, patuyuin; bambang; channel that adherir carries water or sewage away from dumudugo sangrar (lose blood a place) from the body as a result of injury drogista farmaceútico(-a) mas. or illness) (fem.) boticaria fem. droga droga dumuldol tartamudear, balbucir fem. narcotizar taong sugapa sa (talk with continued involuntary narkotiko; lalo sa heroina dro- repetition of sounds) gadicta fem. drogista narcotrafi- dungis mancha (amos; amol syn.) cante mas. dunong sabiduría; cordura fem. duduwal vómito mas. (magsuka duplikasyon duplicado mas. dupli- syn. to expel the contents of the kahin duplicar stomach) dusa padecer magdusa padeci- duelista duelista mas. duwelo miento mas. duelo mas. (formal fight over mat- dusta degradar dustain maltratar ter of honor) duwag cobarde mas. at fem. duga truco mas. dugang baraha kahinaan ng loob cobardía fem. truco de naipes 39 duwelo duwelo duelo mas. (formal fight ginary humanoid) over matter of honor) duyan hamaca fem. (hamaka syn. duwende enano mas. (small ima- a hanging bed made of netting) duyong a species of seacow

E e used to ask about another person educado pagtuturo educar or thing, or about another aspect ego ego egoismo egoismo mas. of the situation being discussed Labis na pagpapahalaga sa sarili. E si Mario? ¿Qué tal Mario? egoista egoísta mas. at fem. (Ta- Ayoko pang kumain. Busog pa ong magpapahalaga sa sarili.) ko e. No quiero comer todavía. egoistika deboto sa pagbibigay- Todavía estoy lleno, ya ves kasiyahan sa sarili eabes alero mas. ehe eje mas. (a bar on which or ebakuwete evacuar (paglikas syn.) with which a wheel turns; shaft) ebakwasyon evacuación f (pag- dalawang ehe eje tándem iwan, pag-lisan syn.) ekilibrio equilibrio mas. (pagka- ebalwasyon evaluación f (pagsu- timbang; pagkamatatag syn.) suri; assessment of value; state- eklipse eclipse mas. (laho syn.) ec- ment of value) lipsar verb (the partial or complete ebangheliko evangelico adj. (a hiding from view of an astrono- member or adherent of any deno- mical) mination of the Western Christian eko eco mas. (alingawngaw syn. church that rejects papal authority the repetition of a sound caused and some fundamental Roman by the reflection) Catholic doctrines, and believes in ekolohiyal ecológico (the study of justification by faith) the relationships between living ebidensiya prueba (patunay; sign organisms and their interactions or proof) with their natural or developed en- ebidente evidente (katunayan; ka- vironment) ekologista ecologi- tibayan; patotoo syn. easy or clear sta mas. at fem. to see or understand) ekonomya económico (relating to ebolusyon evolución fem. (theory economics, or the economy or bu- of development from earlier forms) siness activities of a country) eko- edad 1 edad fem. (gulang syn) bata nomista economista mas. at fem. pa menor de edad hintay sa ta- ekosystema ecosistema mas. mang edad llevo siglos esperando eksplenasyon explicación fem. matanda sa de edad edad ka- (paliwanag syn. a statement giving bataan de nasa katanghaliang- reasons for something or details of gulang corta de mediana edad, something) de edad madura nasa katang- eksakto exacto (huno; ganap syn.) haliang-gulang de edad ya ma- eksaminasyon examen mas. (pag- dura ilang taon siya? ¿qué edad sisiyasat syn. the process of look- tiene? ing at and considering something edad 2 añejar maedad añejarse carefully with the idea of learning edukasyon educación fem. (pin- something) agaralan; karunungan syn.) edu- eksema eczema fem. (naknak syn. kasyonal educativo adjective mo- an inflammation of the skin cha- do educado walang modo mal racterized by reddening and 40

entresuwelo

itching and the formation of scaly embargo embargo mas. (Pagbaba- or crusty patches that may leak wal ng pamahalaan sa mga bapor fluid) na makapasok o makalabas ng eksperimento experimento mas. puwesto.) eksperto experto (-a) mas.(fem.) embudo chimenea fem. (structure (dalubhasa syn.) for venting gas or smoke) ekshibitsyon exposición fem. embutido embutido mas. (longga- (itanghal syn. a public display, nisa; suriso; a tube of animal inte- usually for a limited period) stine with finely chopped meat) ekskomunikasyon excomulgar emerhensiya emergencia fem. sa (exclude somebody from Christian emerhensiya en caso de emer- community) gencia ekslusibo exclusivo adjective (hindi emigrante emigrante mas. at fem. kasama; maliban; pili syn.) (mandayuhan syn.) mandayuhan eksodus exodo mas. (paglisan ng mangibang-lupain emigrar emi- malaking bilang ng mga tao; a grasyon emigración fem. departure of many people) emosyon emoción fem. (damdam- eksterminahin exterminate (com- in syn.) emosyonal sentimental pletely destroy) bunga ng damdamin emotivo ektarya hectárea fem. 100 ares o fem. empanada; in Spa- 10,000 sq m (2.471 acres) nish, Filipino, or Latin American ekwalente ecuación (a mathe- cuisine, a turnover with a spicy matical statement that two ex- filling or in Mexican cuisine, one pressions, usually divided by an with a sweet filling equal sign, are of the same value) emperador emperador mas. (an ekwardor ecuador mas. (likhang absolute ruler or commander) isip na guhit na naghahati sa daig- empleado empleado(-a) mas.(fem) dig sa dalawang agkstulad na ba- empleyo empleo mas. Ang may hagi) patrabaho. empresario(-a) mas. ekwikumento equipo mas. (neces- (fem.) sary items) enerhya energía fem. (power sup- elastiko elástico (nababanat syn.) ply or source) elegansya airosidad fem. elegante Enero enero mas. (the first month makisig; magara syn. elegancia f. of the year, lasting 31 days) Mag- eleksyon elección fem. elektor babakasyon kami sa Enero. Te- elector(a) mas.(fem.) mangha- nemos vacaciones en enero. halal votante mas. at fem. gusto engkanto hada fem. kuwento pa; pilin pa elegir maghalal de- tungkol sa mga engkanto de cidir hacer algo hadas elektika eléctrico elektisidad elec- engkuwentro encuentro (pagkiki- tricidad fem. elektrisista elec- ta; pagsasalubong; pagtatagpo) tricista mas. at fem. elektronkia ensalada ensalada fem. (mixture of electrónica fem. elektrono elec- raw vegetables) trón mas. ensayo entrenamiento mas. (acqui- elemento elemento mas. (kalika- ring of skill, improving of fitness ) san syn.) entablado andén mas. plataforma elepante elefante mas. (gadya syn) fem. (plataporma syn.) garing marfil mas. entrada entrada fem. (pasukan; in- elise hélice fem. (revolving shaft on tras syn.) entrada ng teatro en- ship or aircraft) trada en escena embahador embajador(a) mas. entresuwelo entresuelo mas. (a (fem.) embahada embajada fem. 41 entsupe

low story, especially one between pamamantal sa katawan at pang- the first floor and the second floor angaliskis ng balat) in a building) eskinita alameda fem. (kalyehon; entsupe toma de corriente makipot na daan; a wide street) epidemya epidemia fem. (salot Espanya España fem. (country in syn. sakit na nakahahawa na ma- southwestern Europe on the Ibe- bilis kualat) rian Peninsula, east of Portugal. epika épica fem. (mahabang tula Language: Spanish Currency: euro tungkol sa kabayanihan) Capital: Population: epilepsiya epilepsia fem. (a medi- 40,000,000 Area: 505,990 sq km cal disorder involving episodes of 195,364 sq mi Official name: irregular electrical discharge in the Kingdom of Spain) brain) espanyola española espanyol es- erehe hereje mas. fem. (a holder pañol (kastila syn.) or adherent of an opinion or belief espiritista espiritista mas. (a per- that contradicts established re- son who believes that the dead ligious teaching) maling pana- communicate with the living) ka- nampalataya herejia fem. (belief banalan espiritual (devotion to that contradicts established religi- spiritual things) ous teaching) estado estado mas. (a country or eriso erizo mas. (a small animal nation) that has a round body with stiff estambre bramante mas. (habin) spines on the back) estante mas. estante; a flat, usu- ermitanyo ermitaña fem. anacore- ally rectangular board on which ta mas. (taon namumuhay nang things are stored or displayed tahimik at mag-isa; eremit syn.) estanyador soldador mas. (a tool eronautika aeronáutico (Karunun- with a point that is heated for gan hinggil sa pagpapalipad ng melting and applying solder) mag- eroplano.) hinang soldar (to join togheter eroplano avión mas. eroplanong by hammering or pressing while pambomba cazabombardero mas. soft and hot) eroplanong dagat hidro; hidro- estatuwa estatua fem. (bantayog; avión mas. a three-dimensional image) erotika erótico (makamundo syn.) estero estuario mas. desembocadu- (sining o literatura na ang pokus ra fem. (section of a river meeting ay seksuwal na relasyon o pag- the sea; wawa; bunganga ng ilog) ibig) estribor adj. estribor; kanang pa- eskuwelahan escuela fem. (paara- nig ng bapor lan syn. institution for teaching estudy estudio mas. (nagaral syn.) children) estudyante estudiante mas. at espiya espia mas. fem. (batyaw; fem. at college, university alumno ispyha; somebody employed to (-a) mas. (fem.) at high school obtain secret information) estranghero extranjero(-a) mas. epekto efecto mas. (isagawa syn.) (fem.) advenediza (dayuhan; ban- sa epekto en efecto yaga; tagaibang bayan syn.) eskabetse agridulce (containing etika ética fem. (tuntunin ng mo- sugar and vinegar flavorings) ralidad) 1 eskarlata escarlata (matingkad na etiketa etiqueta fem. (informative pula na may hiwatig na kulay-ka- item attached to something 2 hel) scarlet fever (lagnat na na- etiketa manera fem. modo mas. kahahawa na kakabit ay pulang Magandang kaugalian. (Tuntunin ng kagandahang-asal.) 42

galing etimolohiya etimologia (the study eukariste eucharist; Holy Commu- of the origins of words or parts of nion words and how they have arrived ewan no conocida Ewan ko. No lo at their current form and meaning) sé. Ewan namin. No lo sabemos. etnolohiya etnologia fem. (the (excl. you) Ewan natin. No lo scientific comparison of different sabemos. (incl. you) Ewan raw cultures) niya. Dijo que no sabía. ella dijo eto aquí está (near me) used to que no sabía. Ewan raw nila. introduce or point to someone or Dijo que no sabía. ella dijo que no something (heto syn.) Eto ang sabía. Ewan ko kung sino. No se sulat. Aquí está la carta. quien.Ewan ko kung bakit. No se porque.

G G. abbr. Ginoo; Senor; sr Gago ka! ¡! gaan facilidad fem. (dali; aliwan) gahasa impetuoso (acting impul- gaano cómo, cuánto adverb used to sively) ask or report questions or to in- galabok polvo mas. (loose dry par- troduce statements about the ticles) maalikabok polvoriento manner in which something hap- galamay tentáculo mas. (long flex- pens or is done Gaano kang ible organ) katagal sa Manila? ¿Cuánto galang deferencia fem. educado tiempo llevas en Manila? Gaanong galante galante; caballeroso (magi- kalayo ang bahay ni Mario? ¿A noo syn. courteous and thoughtful, qué distancia está la casa de especially toward women) Marios? Gaano kang katagal sa galaksy galaxia (malaking grupo ng Maynila? ¿Cuánto tiempo estarás mga bituin sa kalawakan) en Manila? Gaanong kabilís na galauran canoa fem. (a lightweight tumatakbo ang kabayo? ¿Qué boat, pointed at each end) tan rápido corre el caballo? galerya galería fem. palko; tangha- gaba grava fem. (kaskaho syn. lan (koleksyon ng sining para i- small stones used for paths) tanghal) gabara barcaza fem. (lantsa syn.) galing 1 talento mas. (an unusual gabay barandilla fem. (hand-rail) natural ability to do something gabi tarde; noche f magandang well) gabi buenas fem. pl. noches sa galing 2 desde preposition (a pre- gabi por la tarde/noche kagabi position used to indicate the sour- anteanoche nasa gabi de noche, ce or beginning of something, in por la noche terms of location, context, or time) gadgaran rallador mas. (himayan) Saan galing iyan? ¿De dónde lo gagamba araña fem. Bahay ng sacaste? Galing sa Mindoro si gagamba. telaraña fem. tela fem. Maria. María viene de Mindoro. de araña (lawalawa syn.) Anong oras ang dating ng bus gagawa construir, edificar (to make galing sa Batangas? ¿Cuándo a structureby joining parts) llegan los autobuses desde Batan- gago adj. estúpida (feminin) estú- gas? galing (sa) Maynila vi- pido(maskulin) (bobo, hangal, niendo de Manila galing doon vi- ugok, tanga, boba, gago) lacking niendo de allí Galing sa Belgium intelligence or common sense. ang mga . Los choco- 43 galit

lates son de Bélgica. venganza por galit enfadado, enojado (a strong gantimpalang galardón mas. gan- feeling of grievance and displeasu- timpala galardonar re poot na galit estar enfadado o gapang crol mas. gapanggan es- enojado con alguien kagalitan ira tar abarrotado de fem. saña galit na galit estar que garahe garaje mas. garahihan arde estacionamiento mas. con techo galong una jarra de agua cochera fem. (tayler ng mga sa- galauran piragua fem. (a light- sakyan) weight boat, pointed at each end, garantiyahan garantizar (sinasagot that can be paddled) guarantee warrant, vouch for syn.) gamit utilizar, usar gamitin de se- garapon botella de Leiden fem. gunda mano kapakipakinabang garing marfil mas. (material of ele- útil kahalaga útil walang kabu- phant's tusks) luhan inútil tagahatid usuario garison guarnición fem. (kampa- Hindi ko ginagamit. no sirve de mento; a military post where Nada kahalaga utilidad fem. ma- troops are stationed) gagalitin colérico; showing or garyo periódico mas. ensacionalista tending to show anger or irritation (diyaryo na ang laki ay kalahati gamugamo mariposa fem. noctur- ng karaniwang pahayagan at ang na; polilla fem (night-flying insect) presentasyon ay sa pamamagitan gamusa piel de ante ng mga litrato at maiikling balita) gamut medicina fem. medicamento gaso gas mas. gaso na lason gas gana apetito mas. ganancias fem. asfixiante tubig na gaso gaseosa pl. gana ganahin ganar pampa- parang gaso gaseoso gana aperitivo mas. walang ga- gasolina gasolina; bencina fem. (a na desgana volatile flammable liquid made ganap completo; perfecto; absoluto from petroleum) ganda bonito, precioso latin lindo gastos costo; coste mas. estimar el napakaganda achalay; beautiful costo de; gasto mas. expensas and pleasing, belleza fem. a beau- fem. pl. (mangkano; puhunan) tiful woman or girl gumastos gastado ganggrena gangrena fem. (local gasgas abrasión fem. rascarse death and decay of soft tissues of gasgasin rascarse gasgasan the body as a result of lack rascador mas. (galos; kamot; gur- of blood to the area) lis syn.) ganit like this one ganituhin to do gatas leche fem. ordeñar verb in this way ganitung-ganito very maraming gatas con mucha much like this leche kasamang gatas con ganito método mas.. (the way how leche gatas ng mantika leche de to do; metodo; paraan syn.) manteca gatas ng pulbos leche Ganon ba? ¿si es asi? en polvo parang gatas lechoso gansa ganso mas. oca fem. ánsar daang malagatas Vía Láctea; mas. kinikilabutan; kilabot ng malaking grupo ng mga bituin sa balat ansarino kalawakan gata ng gatas ganti 1 regreso mas. vuelta fem. (krema syn.) a high-fat liquid pro- gantihan devolución gantimpa- duct separated from milk laan recompensa fem. gatgat groove or mark on skin or ganti 2 venganza; revancha fem. bark made by twine; rope gatga- (punishment that is inflicted in re- tan to make notches on the edge turn for a wrong) gaganti como of something gatilyo gatillo; disparador mas. 44

giting

(gato; kalabilan; small lever that gilid sa gilid lado a lado malapit fires a gun) al lado gatlang raya fem. (a short horizon- giling picar gilingan molino tal line (-) used as a punctuation ginagamot exorcize (magpalayas mark, often in place of a comma ng masamang espiritu sa pama- or colon, or as a sign that a letter magitan ng mga dasal) or word has been omitted) ginang 1 amante mas. at fem. (Ina gato vicio mas.(a tool with two jaws ng tahanan. Babaing may-hawak that can be closed by a lever or na responsableng tungkulin; ka- screw, used to hold an object im- lunya dama fem. ) mobile so that it can be worked ginang 2 señora; doña fem. (cour- on) tesy title, used before Christian gawa hacer; hecho gawain fun- names) si ginang Lopez la seño- ción fem. Gawa iyan sa Hapon ra López unang ginang ng ban- hecho en Japón gawin acto fem. sa primera dama ginagawa ko para sa pera. Lo a pudding hice por el dinero. gagawin recon- with various root vegetables and struir gumawan reparar tapioca pearls gaya remedo mas. gayahin reme- ginaw frío ginawin tengo frío dar (imitahin; paggaya syn.) ginebra ginebra fem. (a strong co- gaya como (indicating that two lorless alcoholic drink distilled from things or people are similar or grain and flavored with juniper share some of the same features, berries) qualities, or characteristics) Gaya giniling carne fem. picada ni Mario si John. John es como ginoo señor ang ginoong López el Mario. Gaya ng pusa’ ko ang señor López; don courtesy title pusa’ mo. Tu gato es como mi ang mga si ginoong Lopez los gato. Ganyan si Mario. Mario es señores López oo ginoon!! ¡sí asi. señor! ang panginoon El Señor gayuma encantador (panlumay) ginto oro adjective de oro yari sa gene gene (the basic unit capable ginto dorado mina de oro mina of transmitting characteristics from fem. boda- de oro bodas fem. pl. one generation to the next. It de oro consists of a specific sequence of gira guerra sa gira estar en guerra DNA or RNA that occupies a fixed kawal guerrero mas. girang ato- position locus on a chromosome) mika guerra atómica girang genitibo genitivo mas. (a gram- nangbuong mundo guerra mun- matical case that affects nouns, dial girang tag-malamig guerra pronouns, and adjectives and that fría pagkatapos ng digmaan usually indicates possession) posguerra fem. geto gueto (an area of a city lived girape jirafa fem. (animal with very in by a minority group, especially long neck) a rundown and densely populated gisante guisante mas. (a round area lived in by a group that ex- green seed that grows in a pod, periences discrimination) eaten as a vegetable) gilagid encía fem. (flesh around gising despertarse; despertar gi- teeth; ngidngid syn.) gising ako maaga. Me levanté 1 gilid borde; esquina fem. rincón temprano. mas. nasa gilid ng en el rincón gitara guitarra fem. gitarista gui- 2 gilid lado, junto (preposition in a tarrista mas. at fem. position next to or alongside) sa/ giting coraje mas. (tapang; the abi- nasa gilid ng al lado de, junto a 45 gitla

lity to face danger) tatapos syn. the completion of a gitla asustar, atemorizar (gulat; course of academic study) gilalas; manga; baghan; balaghan) gramatika gramática fem. (balarila gitlapi inserción fem. (to insert a syn. the system of rules by which linking element into a word, bin-i- words are formed and put together li) to make sentences) gitling guión mas. (a punctuation gramo gramo mas. (a metric unit mark (-) used at the end of a line of mass, equal to 0.001 kg or when a word must be divided or to equivalent to approximately 0.035 link the parts of a compound word oz. Symbol g) or phrase) granito granito mas. (a coarse- gitna 1 medio (equidistant from the grained igneous rock made up of sides, edges, or ends of s.thing) feldspar, mica, and at least 20 sa/nasa gitna’ ng en medio de percent quartz) gitna 2 adv. centro nasa gitna ng grasya garbo mas. (ganda at ka- en el centro tumpakan ng pagkilos; maikling glamoroso atractivo; glamour mas panalangin) glandula glándula fem. (a cell or groto gruta fem. (kubeta syn.) group of cells that secretes a spe- grupo grupo mas. (pangkat; pu- cific substance) lutong syn.) lupon grupúsculo globo globo mas. esfera fem terrá- gubat selva fem. (kakahuyan syn.) queo (bilog na modelo ng mundo masinsing kasukalan jungla na ginagamit upang makita ang fem. bosque mas. ibat ibang lugar at lokasyon ng guhit forrar guhitan no estar dis- mga bansa sa daigdig) hating- puesto a hacer algo globo hemisferio (a half north or guisante guisante mas. Latin Ame- south of the equator or west or rica arveja fem. México chícharo east of the prime meridian) mas. gobernador gobernador(a) mas. gulang edad fem. kagulang grupo (fem.) gobyerno gobierno mas. mas. de edades nasa katang- gumubyerno gobernar (mama- haliang-gulang de edad ya ma- hala; mamuno; to controll by au- dura 1 thority) gulat shock mas. impresión fem. goma pegamento mas. cola fem. chocar gulatin estar en estado de goma fem. lastiko gomita fem. shock; chocante 2 gondola góndola fem. (a car or ca- gulat sorpresa (taka; mangha; bin suspended from cables, espe- gitla; pagkabigl syn.) kagulat- cially one attached to a ski lift) gulat sor presivo gora gorro mas. gorra fem. (som- gulay hortaliza fem. verduras fem. brero syn.) pl. legumbre fem. taong maka- gorilya gorila mas. (largest ape) gulay vegetariano(-a) mas.(fem.) grabidad gravedad fem. (kalub- gulo problema mas. problemas haan syn. the attraction due to mas.pl. desorden mas. agitación gravitation that the Earth or an- fem. basagulero alborotador(a) other astronomical object exerts mas.(fem.) magulo problemático on an object on or near its sur- anggulo saña face) gulod cumbre fem. itaas ng burol Grabe! ¡hala! (used to express sur- cima (toktok; taluktok; tuktok) prise, admiration, wonder, or plea- gulong rueda fem. rodar (gilong sure) syn.) magpagulong rodante gradwasyon graduación fem. (pag- gulugod columna fem. vertebral espinazo mas. (ispinal; likod lakas 46

halaan

at tibay ng loob; skeletal axis pro- ceptor mas. (maestra(-o) syn.) tecting spinal cord) profesora f Ako ay guro. Soy pro- gulung-gulungan laringe fem. fesora. (the cartilaginous box-shaped part gusali construcción fem. estructur- of the respiratory tract between ar verb. (the building of s.thing) the level of the root of the tongue gusto gusta(o) Gusto kong siya and the top of the trachea) me gusta gusto kong ito. Esto es guluhin ruina fem. restos mas. pl. lo que quiero. Alin gusto mo? gumala caminata fem. paseo mas. ¿cuál te gustó más? Hindi ko vagar; deambular gusto No me gusta. gumamit detentar; calzar ginaga- gutom hambriento mas. gutumin mit calzarse pasar hambre; morir de inanición o gumapas cosechar hambre gutom ako. tengo ham- gumayuma encantar bre gutom na gutom voraz; te- gumising despertarse ner un hambre canina magutom gumulo lío mas. maraña fem. tayo tenemos hambre gumusot alterar, enfadar guyam hormiga (langam syn. in- gunaw diluvio mas. devastar sect living in colonies) guni-guni alucinación fem. (kinik- guwantes guante mas. (a shaped nita; false sense perception) covering for the hand) gunting tijeras fem. pl. guntigin guwapo-a guapo, atractivo (pogi) tijeretada; tijeretear guwardiya guardia mas. at fem. gurang vejez fem. (old age; old guarda mas. at fem. (bantay; ta- story; gulang syn.) nod; sentinela syn.) guro maestro(-a) mas.(fem.) pre- guwarnisyon harness; a set of leather straps fitted to a horse

H Ha! cortar con Tapos na! hagdan escalera fem. hagdan ta- haba longitud; pedazo fem. kasan sa sunog escalera de in- habang mientras; durante; during cendios the time that; in the time that hadlang barricada fem. estorbo Habang nag-aaral sila. Mientras mas. obstáculo mas. bloqueo mas. ellos estaban aprendiendo. Ha- bloquear verb (hadlang; harang; bang nandito si Mario. Mientras halang; sagabal syn.) Mario estuvo aquí. hagis 1 tirar; echar hagisan tirar; habang-daan a lo largo; preposi- echarse Latin America botar (send tion (indicating that something is something from hand) situated or moves over all or part hagis 2 bolada fem. lance humagis of the length of something) lanzamiento mas. habi tejer; (maghabi; maglala syn.) hagupitan látigo mas. (a flexible habihero tejedor mas. habihin rod, length of rope, or thin strip of tejedura; zigzaguear leather attached to a handle) habilog oval, ovalado adjective hahatid suministro; abastecimiento (hugis-itlog; tabas-itlog syn.) hakbang escalón mas. paso mas. habin hilo mas. (sinulid; hapin) na- peldaño fem. hakbang hakbang wala ang habin perder el hilo de paso a paso habing making nets Hala! seguir adelante! habol posdata fem. (dagdag syn.) halaan mejillón mas. (an edible 47 halaga

bivalve mollusk) hamaka hamaca fem. (duyan syn.) halaga coste; costo; precio mas. hamburguesa fem. valor ang pinakamahusay na hamon jamón mas. (meat cut from halaga para sa pera ofrecer bu- the thigh of the hind leg of a hog ena relación calidad-precio after curing by salting or smoking) halalan elección fem. (eleksyon hampasin derrotar, ganar a syn.) maghalal electo mang- hampaslupa vagabundo(-a) mas. hahalal elector mas. (fem.) (palaboy syn. lagalag at halaman planta fem. plantar verb walang palagiang tirahan o traba- taniman plantación fem. bakod ho) na halaman seto mas. (halamang hanap búsqueda fem. hallar hana- bakod; a close-set row of bushes) pin investigación fem. mahaha- halay obscenidad fem. inmoral (ka- nap hallazgo laswaan; kasalaulaan syn.) hanay boga(r) (to propel a boat halaya mermelada fem. (a spread across water by using oars) made from fruit boiled with su- handa ya adverb; listo, preparado gar) (preparado; laan; nakahain syn.) halea jalea fem. (a transparent handa na preparar algo handa protein material made from boiling na ko prepararse ihahanda; pag- animal hides, bone, and cartilage hahanda preparación fem. that forms a firm gel when mixed hangal estupidez fem. (tanga syn.) with water) hangga’t siempre y cuando halik beso mas. besar verb hangaan admirar verb (mamang- Hali ka! ¡Ven! ha; kamanghaan; manggilalas; halika venir; ir ng kotse, bus llegar, magtaka; pagtakahin syn.) venir balik volver taga saan ka hangdan arriba; hacia arriba (taas venir de; ser de pasok entrar mataas syn.) Hali ka na! ¡entre!, ¡adelante! hanggahan frontera fem. limitar halimaw monstruo mas. (ugly con (bingit) sa unahan delante terrifying being;(ganid; malupit) hanggang hasta preposition (up to halimbawa muestra (muwestra; a a time or event, but not afterward) small amount or part of some- Adiyos, hanggang bukas. Adiós, thing, used as an example of the hasta mañana. hindi hanggang character, features, or quality of Biyernes no antes del viernes ng the whole) Lunes hanggang Biyernes so haling gabi medianoche sa haling desde el lunes hasta el viernes gabi a medianoche gabi noche Hanggan bukas! ¡te veo mañana! halo mezcla fem. mixto haluan hanggang noong Biyernes hasta mezcla pinaghalo brebaje mas. el viernes pasado hanggang alas ang pinaghalo mixtura fem. po- nuwebe hasta las 9 en punto taje mas. hanggang (sa) Maynila hasta halos casi adverb (nearly; not ex- manila mula rito hanggang actly, not yet, or not in fact, but doon de aquí para allá hanggang very close to being or happening sa Lunes hasta el próximo lunes as described) halos lahat sobre hanggang noong Lunes hasta el todo; principalmente Halos mahu- lunes pasado hanggang noong log si Mario. Mario casi se cae. Enero hasta enero pasado hang- hamak ingrato, penoso (aba syn. gang kahapon hasta ayer hang- from the air; a vapor) ang mga gang ngayon hasta hoy hang- hamak na tao canalla fem. chus- gang bukas hasta mañana ma mas. Hanggang kailan? Hasta cuando? hangin viento mas. aire mas. Ma- 48

haykap

hangin sa labas. al aire libre ma- ra tagahasik sembrador mas. hangin borrasca fem. bagyong hati dividir (to separate or split borrascoso mahangin chubascoso something into two or more parts) ipo ipo ng hangin torbellino mas. hatian igual bugso ng hangin racha mahan- hatid repartir minsahe dar; servir gin na hace mucho hatinggabi medianoche fem. sa hangus-hangos sin preio aiso, hatinggabi a medianoche without prior notice hating-globo hemisferio (a half hapag mesa fem. (la-mesa syn.) north or south of the equator or hapay inclinación fem. (laylay syn.) west or east of the prime merid- hapbat de nuevo adverb ian) 1 hapon mediodía mas. sa hapon hatol fallo mas. (hatol ng hurado; al mediodía kahapon tarde fem. jury decision) sa kahapon por la tarde itong hatsing estornudo mas. estornudar kahapon esta tarde magadang verb (make sneeze) hapon buenas tardes hawa infectar hawahan infectarse 2 Hapon japonesa fem. hapones hindi mahahawa inmune maka- japonés hawa infección fem. (pagkaka- hapunan cena fem. Latin America hawa sa pamamagitanng pagka- comida fem. the food served for a dikit sa maysakit; sugat at iba pa) dinner maghahapunan cenar nakakahawa contagioso maha- harang bloqueo mas. Bloquear verb wa contaminar ihiwalay sa iba; (hadlang; halang; sagabal syn.) magkuwarentenas cuarentena 1 harap portada; fachada fem. fem. 2 harap delante (the area, section, hawak llevar empuñar (a holding or position just ahead of, close to, action) hawakan mo aking ka- or at the forward part of some- may dame la mano thing) sa/nasa harap ng delante hawakan asidero mas. empuñadu- de ang kotse nasa harapan el ra fem. (puluhan; a device for hol- coche de delante ding something firmly) sa pinto hardin jardín mas. hardinero afi- manilla fem. sa maleta asa fem. sa cionado(-a) mas.(fem.) a la jardi- kutsilyo, kawali mango mas. nería; hortelana fem. kindergar- Huwag mo akong hawakan! ten jardín de la infancia su jardín ¡No me toques! zoológico hawla jaula fem. gayola fem. haw- hari rey mas. kaharian reino mas. la ng ibon jaula fem. para pá- harihatian déspota mas. at fem. jaros reyna reina fem. ang nanay ng hawong tazón de sopa de madera reyna reina maghari reinar Hay! exclamation of greeting Hari ka na! ¡vámonos! hayaan dejar, permitir hayaan harina harina fem. pandikit ng mo ako mucho menos hali ka na harina at pulut alcuzcuz mas. vamos hayaan mo na ¡suéltame! harmonya armonía fem. (pagka- hayagan reconocer (lantaran; ipi- kaisa; pagkakasundo; masarap na nagtapat; ipinagtatapat syn.) pagsasamahan syn.) hayan hay (near you) used to hasaan lima fem. hasaan para introduce or point to someone or sa kuko lima para las uñas something (ayan syn.) hasahasa caballa fem. (a bony oily Hayan! allí, ahí, allá fish with a greenish blue body) haykap virus (bayrus; a submicros- hasang branquia fem. (breathing copic parasitic particle of a nucleic organ of fish) acid surrounded by protein that hasik sembrar humasik sembradu- 49 haydropobiya

can only replicate within a host henetika genética (the branch of cell) biology that deals with heredity haydropobiya rabia (rabies; an of- and genetic variations) ten fatal viral disease that affects henyo genio mas. (pantas; paham) the central nervous systems of heograpiya geografía fem. Pag- most warm-blooded animals and is aaral tungkol sa kaugnayan ng transmitted in the saliva of an in- katangiang piskal ng lupa at ng fected animal) mga gawain ng tao Hay naku. ¡ay, Dios mio! expresses heologiya geología fem. (the study resignation or irritation, depending of the structure of the Earth or an- on the intonation) other planet, especially its rocks, haynayan biología fem. (the scien- soil, and minerals, and its history ce that deals with all forms of life, and origins) includeing their classification, phy- heometriya geometría fem. (the siology, chemistry, and interac- branch of mathematics that is con- tions; bayologi syn.) haynaya- cerned with the properties and re- non biólogo(-a) mas. (fem.) lationships of points, lines, angles, hayop animal mas. alimaña fem. curves, surfaces, and solids) bicho mas. hayop na sumususo hepo hipopótamo mas. (a large mamífero mas. napakahayop res amphibious animal) fem. hayop na nagngangatngat herniya hernia fem. (a condition in roedor mas. which part of an internal organ hayun hay (far from you and me) projects through the wall of the used to introduce or point to some cavity that contains it especially one or something (ayun syn.) the projection of the intestine from Hayun! ¡Ahí! ¡Ahí está! the abdominal cavity) He! ¡callate! heroina heroína fem. (a white pow- helikopter helicóptero mas. (an der derived from morphine that is aircraft without wings that moves a highly addictive narcotic drug) by means of large blades rotors) sugapa sa heroin heroinómana heliyum helio mas. (a nonflam- fem. mable inert gaseous element that heto hay (near me) used to intro- is colorless and odorless Symbol duce or point to someone or some- He) thing (heto syn.) Heto ang Helo! ¡hola! sulat. Aquí está la carta. helmit mas. (hard protec- Heto! ¡aquí está! tive head covering) higa estar higaan colchón mas. hene generalmente (the basic unit higbig grito mas. (a loud shout, capable of transmitting charac- scream, or cry) teristics from one generation to higit más (a greater or additional the next. It consists of a specific amount or degree) higit pang sequence of DNA or RNA that mga gulay kaysa sa karne más occupies a fixed position locus on verduras que carne humigit- a chromosome) kumulang más o menos henesis genesis fem. (the time or higpit rigor mas. (severity or har- circumstances of something’s shness; pagkamahigpit syn.) coming into being; a book of the higop sorbo mas. sorber verb (sup- Bible, in which the creation of the sop; sipsip; hithit; hitit syn.) world is described) hilhil carcajada fem. (the sound or herneral gerneral mas. (high rank- an act of laughing) ing officer) hihinaan cocer a fuego lento (sum- ulak syn.) 50

hindi labis hikahos indigente; estar en la mi- used to refer to events that are seria going to happen; kinabukasan hika asma fem. (a disease of the syn.) porvenir mas. sa darating respiratory system, sometimes na panahon en el futuro, en el caused by allergies, with symp- porvenir, en lo porvenir toms including coughing, sudden hinahon compostura fem. (kala- difficulty in breathing, and a tight ng loob; katiwasasayan) feeling in the chest; asma; hingal) hinanakit rencor; queja fem. hikaw pendiente mas. (arilos syn.) hindi no adverb (forming negati- arete mas. (a piece of jewelry ves) worn on the ear) hindi aktibo inactivo adjective (ta- hikab bostezar bostezo humikap king no action) hila tirón mas. (batak; pagbatak; hindi alam desconocido adjective hatak; paghatak; higit; kaladkad hindi mahahawa inmune (protec- syn.) hilahin arrastrar ted from getting a disease because hilabot pavor mas. (sindak; takot; of natural resistance) kilabot; pangingilabot syn.) tum- hindi basahin ilegible (impossible akot ng lubha pavoroso or very difficult to read) hilatsa tejido m (himaymay; a hindi bayat remunerado sa trabaho substance forming the parts of impago mas. animals or plants) hindi dapat excesivo hilaw crudo adjective (hindi luto; hindi dumating predeterminado sariwa; bubot; hindi hinog syn.) hindi guluhin ininterrumpido hilik roncar humilik ronquido hindi hiling imprudente adjective hiling deseo mas. (to have a strong hindi hiyang inadaptado adjective feeling of wanting something to hindi importante poco importante happen or wanting to have s.th.) hindi interesado desinteresado hilo vértigo mas. (liyo; pagkaliyo; (indifferent, not interested) lula; sawan syn.) pakiramdam ko hindi kailanman nunca Hindi ko nahihilo. Tengo mareos. kailanman sa Manila. Nunca himala milagro mas. maravilla fem. he estado en Manila. napakamaganda a maravilla, a hindi kalkulado incalculable (too las mil maravillas great or numerous to be measured himaymay tejido m (hilatsa; a hindi kaliktasan peligroso substance forming the parts of hindi kalusugan enfermizo animals or plants) hindi kasal soltero adjective (not himbubuyog picadura fem. joined by marriage) himig melodía fem. (melodya syn. ) hindi katangihan sin titulación himod lamedura fem. himurin hindi kilala impopular (not liked lamer verb byor the general public) himpapalis golondrina fem. (lumu- hindi kompleto incompleto (not nok; lumulon syn.) yet finished or fully developed) himulmol espuma fem. (mass of hindi korekto incorrect (wrong, bubbles of air on the surface of a false, or inaccurate) liquid) hindi kusa involuntario (kinukusa; himuti final picking of fruits from sinasadya o tinitkis; laban sa loob trees following previous pickings required or exacted against some- hina débil kahinaan debilidad f body's will or wishes; not control- hinahangaan ídolo mas. (idolo, led or controllable by the mind) s.b. or s.th. greatly admired or hindi labis moderado (small or loved, often to excess) slight, reasonable ) hinaharap futuro mas. (the tense 51 hindi limitado hindi limitado ilimitado (without hindi palakaibgan antipático limits, restrictions, or controls ) hindi panatag sin decidir hindi loyal desleal adjective (show- hindi patas injusto (not just or ing a lack of loyalty to s.b. or s.th. fair) ito ay hindi patas eso no es hindi maaaring increíble adjective justo hindi mabaluktot inflexible hindi perfekto imperfecto (having hindi mabilang incalculable (too a fault or defect) great or numerous to be measured hindi pinsala salir ileso hindi mabuti indispuesto; mal hindi produktibo improductivo hindi magagapi invencible (too hindi proteksyon desprotegido, sin strong to ever be defeated) protección hindi magamit sin usar hindi pumasok ausente adjective hindi mahusay incompetencia fem. hindi puro impuro adjective (un- hindi maipahayag indescriptible clean because containing s.thing) hindi makasarile generoso (willing hindi puwede prohibir; no saber to give money, help freely) hacer algo hindi makatao inhuman hindi respekto falta fem. de re- hindi makatwiran irracional (con- speto trary to or lacking in reason or hindi satispado insatisfactorio logic) (not adequate, acceptable, or sa- hindi maliwanag expresarse mal tisfying) hindi mansukat abismo mas. hindi sigurado inseguro adjective hindi marinig inaudible (not loud hindi tama inexacto adjective (not enough to be heard) entirely accurate) hindi masaya infeliz; descontento hindi tapos inacabado adjective (not cheerful or joyful) (not completed satisfactorily) hindi masira irrompible hindi tiwala desconfianza fem. hindi masisira indestructible hindi totoo falso adjective hindi masuwerte infortunado hindi trabaho desempleado hindi mapaniwalaan increíble hindi unlad fracasado (impossible or very difficult to be- hinga respiración fem. hingahan lieve) aspirar, inspirar hingahin espirar hindi matanda menor; pequeño walang hinga llegar sin respira- hindi mataya inestimable (too ción, llegar jadeando hingal great to calculate) ahogo mas. jadear hindi na ninigarilyo no fumador hingan cama fem. (kama syn.) (a) mas.(fem.) hinglalaki pulgar mas. (thickest di- hindi nagbabago invariablemente git on human hand) hindi nag ahit sin afeitar hiniga señal fem. pirma firma fem. hindi nagpaparaan intolerable hinimatay desplomarse (gumuho; (impossible to bear) matibag; bumagsak syn.) hindi natutunaw irresoluble hinog maduro; madurar adjective hindi okopado desocupado sazón fem. (panahong nasa rurok hindi pabor discrepar; no estar de ng katanyagan) ang mga saging acuerdo ay hindi hinog Los plátanos esta- hindi pagkadumi estreñimiento ban verdes. mas. (a condition in which a Hintay! ¡esperadme! person or animal has difficulty in hintay espera fem. hintayan sala eliminating solid waste from the fem. de espera hintayin esperar body and the feces are hard and sa tamang edad llevo siglos dry) esperando hintay sa aguardar hinto estancia fem. Latin America 52

hula

estadía fem. rebanadas hintuturo dedo mas. índice mas. hiwalay separación fem. divorcio (the finger next to the thumb) mas. (the act or process of sepa- hintuin interrumpir (disturb some- rating things or people) body) hiwis inclinarse (hiwas syn. a slant hinuhain especular (consider possi- upward or downward) bilities) hiya tímido adjective oprobio mas. hipag cuñada fem. (sister-in-law) vergüenza fem. Colombia, México hipan soplar; sonar hipanan; sin- ven pena fem. kahiyahiya ver- ga sonarse (la nariz) hipan mo gonzoso; oprobioso walang hiya apagar desvergonzado hipo hipopótamo mas. (large am- hiyas joya fem. (alahas syn. a pre- phibious African mammal) cious stone) hipon gamba fem. (an edible sea hiyaw grito mas. gritar verb (to say animal resembling a shrimp) ma- or utter something very loudly) laking hipon langostino mas. horisontal horizontal (pahiga syn. Latin America camarón mas. parallel to the horizon) hiram tomar prestado; prestar (let hormona hormona fem. (a che- somebody borrow s.thing) man- mical secreted by an endocrine gunghiram prestamista maghi- gland or some nerve cells that ram prestación regulates the function of a specific hirap difícil adjective (hard to do) tissue or organ) mahirap difícilmente napakahi- hotel hotel mas. katulong na ba- rap dificultar bae ng hotel camarera fem. Saan hirasol achahual mas. Mexico (tall ang hotel? ¿Dónde está el hotel? plant with yellow-rayed flowers) hubad desnudo adjective Hubadin hirero herrero mas. (panday syn. mo ang damit mo. Quitese la somebody who makes or repairs ropa. humubad en pelota nahi- metal objects) hiya pag nakahubad remilgo hiringgilya jeringuilla fem. (an in- mas. strument for withdrawing and hugas lavado mas. hugasan la- ejecting fluids) varse sapatilya arandela fem. ku- hispaniko hispánico hispanidad pas agotado paghuhugas ropa hispanidad hispanismo hispanis- fem. limpia labado lavabo mas. mo huhugas kamay ko voy a lava- hita muslo mas. pierna fem. (the rme las manos part of the leg between the hip hugis forma fem. figura fem. (an- and knee) yo; porma syn.) hitad lascivious; flirtatious women hudya judía hudyo judío (landi; kiri syn.) hukay zanja fem. hoyo mas. hu- hitano gitano mas. (somebody kayin cavar with nomadic lifestyle) hukbo ejército mas. (sandatahang 1 hiwa corte mas. incisión fem. (cut lakas syn.) made in something) hiwalay se- hukom juez mas. at fem. jueza fem paración fem. hiwa sa labas re- juzgar verb hukuman tribunal cortar putol ng talar, cortar hi- mas. palacio mas. de justicia ma- wahan cortadora fem. hiwain paghatol juicio mas. lupon ng fem. naghihiwa cortar hurado jurado mas. panghukum- 2 hiwa rebana tinapay (sice of fish ang lupong tagahatol. meat or cake) fem. pastilya trozo hula predecir, pronosticar; augurar mas. keso loncha fem. hiwa ng (to say what is going to happen in tinapay pan mas. de molde en 53 hulapi

the future) volver a uno el alma al cuerpo hulapi sufijo mas. (element added humula predecir, pronosticar at end of word, bil-hin) huni gorjear chirriar (siyap syn.) huli 1 parada f. naghuhuli ng isda hunil chirrido mas. tararear captura; pesca fem. huluhin con- hunyango camaleón mas. (a lizard tagioso that changes color) huli 2 tarde; atraso (happening or Hunyo junio mas. (the sixth month arriving after an expected or of the year, lasting 30 days) arranged time, atraso syn.) ma- hurado juez mas. at fem. jueza huli atrasarse (maatraso; balam) fem. juzgar verb (huwes syn.) magadang gabi ¡buenas tardes! hurnohan horno mas. (pugon syn.) minsan de tarde en tarde hurnohin cocina panadero iluto Hulyo julio mas. (the seventh sa hurno hornada panadero hor- month of the year lasting 31 days) nera mas. hulog caerse (bagsak; laglag syn.) hustisya justicia fem. hurista ju- hulog caída huhulog caído rista mas. hurispudensiya juris- humadlang dificultar, obstruir, prudencia fem. block up husgado tribunal mas. palacio mas. humagad persecución fem. perse- de justicia (a place where a court guir verb of law is held) humagupit azotar, explotar husto preciso adjective (kasya; sa- humahanga impresionante orgullo- pat syn.) so; ufano, evoking admiration huthutan extorsion fem. (hingan sa through size, quality, or skill: pamamagitan ng pananakot at pa- grand, imposing, or awesome mimilit) humalang bloque, make the mo- huwag no (negative adverb do not) vement or flow in difficult or im- Huwag kayong tatakbo rito. No possible corras aquí. Huwag ka ngang humalo mezclar, mezclarse, combi- kumain! ¡No comas! ne or put together to form one Huwag! No! substance or mass Huwebes jueves mas. (4th day of humawak sujetar, mantener, an week) act or manner of grasping some- huwes juez mas. at fem. jueza fem thing; a grip juzgar verb (hukom syn.) humiga sosiego fem. huminahon hydrohenya hidrógeno mas. (a sosegarse; sosegar highly reactive colorless gas, the humingi ng tawad disculparse, lightest element and the most pedir perdón abundant in the universe. Source: humila captura fem. water Symbol H) huminahon calmar, tranquilizar; hyena hiena fem. (wild animal re- sembling dog)

I iba otro sa ibang tao los otros sition used to express the concept Mas gusto ko ang iba pang mga of being beneath or below some- kulay. Prefiero otro color. ang iba thing) sa/nasa ibaba ng debajo pang mga / ang iba el otro / los de, bajo de sa ibaba ng tubig otros bajo el agua adv. sa ibaba abajo, ibaba debajo, bajo, abajo (prepo- down, below 54

DICCIONARIO ESPAÑOL - FILIPINO

A a sa (the oblique indirect article, is abanico mas. abaniko; pamaypay; similar to prepositions in Tagalog, a folding semicircular device for marking things such as location waving back and forth in order to and direction) cool the face 1. place a la mesa nasa mesa al abaeca fem. sandalo/a; light shoe lado de nasa tabi ng a la dere- with straps cha nasa kanan ng a casa sa abajo adv. sa ibaba, down, below tirahan/bahay distance a 2 kiló- abarrotada masikip, siksikan; metros de sa/nasa 2 kilometro ng overcrowded; overfilled el tranvia 2. direction ir a casa uuwi sa ba- esta abarrotado de gente ang hay 2. time ¿a qué hora? Anong trampa ay matao oras? a las 3 sa 3 alas abarrotero tindahanhero; an owner 3. way, manner a la española sa or manager of a store mas. a fem. Espanyol na moda a pie sa paa South America 4. mode, method poco a poco abastar hahatid; magtustos; hatir- Unti-unti paso a paso hakbang- an; pagdadala; to give, sell, or hakbang make available something that is 5. instrument girar a mano ka- wanted or needed may naman a puñetazos sa abastecedor tagagustos; tagapag- pulso dala mas. -a fem. 6. price a 20 euro el kilo sa 20 abdicar iwan o talikuran ang trono mga yuro ang kilo o mataas na posisyon 7. intention ¿a qué? Bakit? abdomen tiyan; body section con- 8. taste, flavor saber a vinagre taining stomach mas. lasa ng suka abecé abakada; alpabeto 9. dative (le) doy el libro a Ju- abecedario abakada; alpabeto an Ibinibigay ko ang aklat kay abeja pukyutan; laywan fem. a ho- John ney-making insect colmena bahay 10. personal object vio a su pa- ng pukyutan fem. abejara place dre Nakita niya ang kanyang ama where beehives are kept and bees abaceria tindahan ng pagkain; a are raised for their honey store that sells food and other abejorro bubuyog; abeyoro mas. household goods aberración fem. abnormalidad; abacera(o) tindahanhero (fem.) an pagkalihis sa tamang landasa; de- owner or manager of a store parture from what is normal or de- abandono kapabayaan mas. sirable abajo baba; ibaba; sa baba; down, abeto abeto mas. evergreen tree below, underneath ¡abajo X! – with needle-shaped leaves down with X! abierto bukas past participle of ab- abulon, shellfish with pear- rir; not closed or locked; openly ly shell expressed abandonado iwanan; left alone abismo bangin; lula; di mansukat without being cared for or suppor- na kalalima mas. ted abobado tanga; regarded as having abandonar kalimutan; abadoahin; or showing a low level of intelli- iwan; pabayaan; layasan gence 55

abusar abocado isang subo; makinis; not abrir bukas abrir (con llave) hindi sharp or sour sarado abrirse magbukas abierto apodo abubot, mote mas. an in- past participle nagbukas ¡Abre! vented name for somebody bukas na! abogado atorni, abogado abogado abrojo tusok; tinik mas. thorn criminalista criminal lawyer abrumado magapi; Overwhelmed abolladura bukol; yupi; kupi; make abrupto bigla; agad-agad; sudden depression in something by hitting and unexpected abonar bayat; magbayat; to give absceso naknak; eksena magnak- money for something nak; ulsera; pus-filled cavity re- abono magbayat; an amount of sulting from inflammation and money that is paid or is due to be usually caused by bacterial infec- paid tion mas. aborige katutubo; Ang mga unang absolución fem. absolusyon ka- tao sa isang bayan. patawaran; ng kasalanan; forgi- aborto aborsiyon; papalaglag; na- veness for somebody's sins, espe- kunan mas. cially when formally given in a abotonar butones; to fasten some- Christian church thing with buttons tr. verb absoluto ganap; buo; lubos; being abrasión gasgas rascarse gas- the greatest degree of something gasin fem. absolutorio walang kasalan; mag- abra look; abra; curved inlet of sea pawalang-sala; a not-guilty verdict abracadabrante kagulat-gulat; ka- absolver pawalang-sala; to decla- gila-gilaslas; so extraordinary or re officially that somebody is not wonderful as to be barely believ- guilty of a charge able abstemio pangilin; walang alak abrazar yakap; clasp, take in one's abstenerse mangilin; kusangloob arms abrazo yakapin; embrace na pagtangging gawin ang isang abrazo noun pumangko; kandung- bagay kandungin; to nestle together or abstinencia f hindi na inum nang hold somebody or something close alak; pangilin; restraint from in- for affection dulging a desire for something fem abrelatas abredor device for open- abstraído lumilipad ang isip; tend- ing cans mas. ing to be preoccupied or forgetful abreviatura dalat fem. abreviar absurdo talagang; talagang hindi daglatin; magpaikli; paiklilin totoo; irrational, incongruous abridor de botellas mas. abredor; abuela lola fem. abuelo lolo mas. tool for removing bottle tops abri- abuelita lola colloquial abuelito lo- dor de latas abredor ng lata; de- lo colloquial vice for opening cans abultar palakihin; palaki; make or abrigo mas. amerikana; kapote; become larger warm outer garment with long abundante marami; madami en sleeves abundancia sa marami abril Abril; the fourth month of the aburguesado Mga taong naka- year, lasting 30 days mas. en (el luluwag sa buhay; mga taong na- mes de) abril sa (ng buwan) Abril kaririwasa de la vida ng nag-buhay; tagsibol aburrido lungkot; stimulating no abrillantador mangpunas; some- interest or enthusiasm aburri- body that grinds something miento malungkot Me puse tris- abrillantar magbuli; punas; mag- te. Pakiramdam ko malungkot. pakitab; make smooth or glossy abusar abuso; go too far, take an 56 abuso

unfair advantage acaudalado mayaman; mariwasa; abuso abuso; Gamitin sa masama. owning a lot of money or expen- Pagmalto; panggamit ng kapang- sive property yari na ikasakit o ikasasama ng acaudalar magtipon; kolektahin; to kapwa; panghahalay mas. collect or obtain a large amount of acá dito, ayun-ayun acá y a(cu)llá something over a period of time dito at doon de ayer acá kaha- acaudillar namumuno; umakay; to pon dito ven acá pumarito control, direct, or command others acabado perpekto; kompleto; tapos accede aya; yaya; ayon; to give acabar tapos acabar de hacer consent or agreement to s.thing algo tapos na acabar con wakas- acceder payag; pumayag; to give an ang acabar de dulo lang aca- consent or agreement to s.thing bo de hacerlo Lang ako tapos na acceso mas. pagpapasok; intras ito acabar mal dumating sa isang acceso a Internet Internet ac- masamang dulo cess acaber de ngayon; na Acaban de accidente mas. aksidente; sakuna salir. Sila lang mag-iwan. por casualidad biglaan academia akademiya; specialized acción aksyon; kilos; salo acciones school fem. académico akademi- stock(s), shares acción de gra- ko member of an academy cias pagpapasalamat acción acaecedero posible; maaari; baka liberada stock dividend acción acallar tahimik; silensio; the ab- preferente preference share sence or lack of noise acechador espyha; tiktik mas. an acalorado iniinitan (fatigado) ma- employee of a government who tulog; tired out seeks secret information acampada pamasyal na tolda na acechadura tambang; a surprise may espasyo para sa pagtulog at attack mga simpleng gamit na pangku- acecinar tayubay ahumar to cure sina o pambahay or treat food such as meat, fish, or acampar kampo; place for tempo- with wood smoke rary stay acecinarse mamayat; pumayat, to acantilado mas. maalog; mabu- lose weight way; umuuga; covered with rocks acedar maasim; mapait sa pandinig acaparador monopolista, tao may o panlasa; make sour iisang layunin acaparamiento aceitar maglangis magrasa; to put monopolyo, grupo ng tao o mga oil on bansa na may iisang la yunin aceite mantika; langis manteca de acaramelado sobrang galang cerdo grasiento mamantika acarar mukha sa mukha aceite de oliva langis ng oliba acaso 1 kaypala; marahil; baka por aceite combustible gasolinang si acaso kung sakali al acaso sa langis aceite de hígado de baca- aksidental por (un) acaso sa lao bakalaw-atay langis aceite de pagkakataon linaza, aceite secante linseed acaso 2 pagkakataon; pag-asa; s. langis th. that happens by chance aceitera asetera; a metal container acatar respekto to have a high re- with a long thin spout fem. gard for somebody or something aceitoso malangis; covered with oil acatamiento galang; pitagan aceituna oliba olivo puno ng oliba acatarrado may sipon; trankaso aceitunado kulay ng oliba acatarrarse magtatrangkaso acelerarse bilisan; mabilis; speed acato respekto; galang; pitagan somebody or something up aceña lagumba; mill with water- 57

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powered machinery fem. val aclamar pumalakpak acendrado puro; hindi halo; not aclimatación fem. mahirati sa kli- mixed with any other substance ma; to become accustomed to a acento tuldik; diin; a way of pro- new climate or environment nouncing words that indicates the acné fem. tagyawat; a disease of place of origin or social back- the oilsecreting glands of the skin ground of the speaker mas. that often affects adolescents, pro- acepillar suklay; tool with bristles ducing eruptions on the face, attached to handle neck, and shoulders that can leave aceptable matatangganip; capa- pitted scars ble of being accepted acodado pakorba; having a curved, aceptar tumanggap; tanggapin twisted, or angled shape acera palitada; a paved path for acodarse sandal; sumandat pedestrians alongside a street fem. acoger magiliw acogedor mabait acerado bakal; asero; strong alloy sa bisita of iron and carbon acólito alila; lingkod; a follower or acero mas. asero; strong alloy of assistant mas. fem. iron and carbon acometida tuligsa; atake; lusob acertante nagtagumpay; ang ma- salakay fem. action of attacking nalo; s.b. or something that wins acomodación matulugin fem. acertijo palaisipan; bugtong; to acompañamiento saliw (musika) confuse somebody by being diffi- acompañante mas. kasama acom- cult or impossible to understand pañar kausap acetre maliit timba; holy water aconsejar magpayo; mangaral; to container mas. offer a personal opinion to s.body achahual mas. Mexico hirasol; tall acontecimiento ibenta; something plant with yellow-rayed flowers that occurs achalay napakaganda; beautiful acopiar kolekta acopio magkolekta and pleasing acorazado bapor pangdigma; ba- achatado payat; pantay; patag; por panggiyera without any slope acorde nakalulugod; payag; puma- achatar magpayat; to make some- yag estar acorde usapan acorde thing flat or flatter con kasunduan achicharradero impernyo; heated acordonar paghinto; magtali; to greenhouse, in which tropical or fasten or bind something using delicate plants can grow mas. rope or string achicharrarse aapoy; get burnt acorrer takbo; nagmamadali; nag- achín bendor; maglako; door-to- dudumali; speed something up door salesman mas. acosar mangyamot; chase some- achispado lango; lit-up, jolly body; carry something out achisparse malainibay; get tipsy acoso mangyamot; manligalig; to achurar mamamatay South Ame- trouble by repeated attacks rica acostar lapag; lumapad; lapag sa acicalado linis acicalar malinis kama; set something down ácido asido; asim; a sour-tasting acostumbrado karaniwan; kau- compound that releases hydrogen galian gawian; typical or normal ions to form a solution with a pH acostumbrar bihasa; mahirati; be of less than 7 mas. in the habit of acidulo adjective asim; kaasiman acre anghangan; maanghang; hav- aclamaciónfem. palakpak; a public ing a sharp and sour, but usually and enthusiastic display of appro- pleasant, flavor 58 acrecencia acrecencia dumadami; lumaki; be- thing illegal or wrong come larger or greater acusar isakdal; sasalita; to accuse acreedora palautang; somebody s.body formally of having com- owed money mitted a crime acrimonia fem. ang talim; the acusativo mas. akusatibo; a gram- sharpness of something matical case that identifies the di- acritud anghangan; maanghang; rect object of a verb having a sharp and sour, but usu- acústica akustika; the scientific ally pleasant, flavor study of sound fem. acróbata akrobat acrobático akro- adagio mas. parirala; a frequently batikas acrobacia akrobasiya offered piece of advice or infor- acta fem. dokumento; sertipikatsyn mation actinia fem. anemonya; a solitary adalid mas. pinuno, somebody who and often colorful sea animal with guides or directs others a squat cylindrical body topped by adaptable madaling; able to adjust a ring of tentacles easily to a new environment actitud saloobin; aktitud; dispo- adecuado wasto; husto; kasya; sa- sisyon; paraan ng pagkilos at pag- pat; just barely enough iisip además dagdag; rin ampliar dag- actividad aktibidad; moving about, dagan; addition to something working, or doing something adelante abante; sulong; to or to- activo aktibo activista aktibista ward a front position or direction acto akto; something that somebo- ¡adelante! Abante! en la oficina dy does Papasok! en adelante mula nga- actor aktor actriz aktres yon 1 actual aktwal; happening, existing, adelanto m pag-unlad; pagbuti; or in force at the present progreso; positive development actuar akto actor aktor actriz ak- pag-unlan; kaunlaran; madaling tres interpretación yugto ang natuto; more highly developed 2 sining ng pagarte sa entablo; pe- adelanto antisipo; adelanto; a likula at telebisyon sum of money paid before it is due acuario akwariyum; a water-filled adelgazamiento mas. mamayat; transparent container mas. pumayat, lose weight dieta de acuerdo kasunduan llegar a un adelgazamiento Timbang na acuerdo sobre kasunduin de pagkain. Magtasa sa pagkain. acuerdo usapan ¡de acuerdo! adeudado utang adeudar utangan Payag ako! adicción fem. adik; sugapa; state acullá doon; iyan; over there acá y of physiological or psychological acullá dito at doon dependence on a potentially harm- acunar timbangin; to find out the ful drug weight of something (engordar, adicional dagdag; karagdagan ganar peso) adictivo nakaaadik; taong sugapa acuoso matubig; puno ng tubig sa narkotiko; lalo sa heroina; ta- acupuntura akupuntura; the treat- ong adik sa anumang bagay TV ment of disorders by inserting pagkain ect. needles into the skin at points adicto adik; sugapa adictivo na- where the flow of energy is kaaadik adicción pagkagumon; thought to be blocked meridians Ang idinagdag. taong sugapa sa acusación fem. kakasuhan; bitang; narkotiko; lalo sa heroina; taong paratang; kinusohang; a claim adik sa anumang bagay TV pag- that somebody has done some- kain ect. adinerado mayaman; makuwalta; 59

advenediza

masalapi; owning a lot of money period from puberty to adulthood or expensive property in human beings fem. adiós paalam Adiós, hasta maña- adolescente binatilyo; somebody na. Paalam, at kikita tayo bukas. who has reached puberty but is adiposidad mataba; term for over- not yet an adult mas. at fem. weight; tissue containing fat adonde saan ¿adónde? Nasaan? adivina manghuhula; somebody adoptar ampun orfanato ampu- who predicts the future adivina- nan adopción adopsiyon; ampu- ción paghula; a prediction nin; bumagay adivino mas. manghuhula; some- adorable kasiyahan; matinding su- body who is supposedly able to lak ng kasiyahan o iba pang uring perceive things that are usually emosyon; feeling of intense de- beyond the range of human senses light adherirse dumikit; fasten some- adoración fem. samba; to treat thing with adhesive somebody or something as divine adjetivo pang-uri; a word that des- adormecerse agaw-tulog ador- cribes or qualifies a noun or pro- mecer antok adormecido antok noun mas. adjetivo gentilicio na antok; sluggish and dull pang-uri ng nasyonalidad adornar magpalamuti; palamuti; to ajustable taama; layos; lakma; to make something more attractive make slight changes in something by adding nonfunctional features to make it fit or function better to it adjudicación parangal; gantim- adquirente mas. mangmimili; s.b. pala; premyo fem. an award who buys or intends to buy s.thing administrador mas. administratibo agquirir bili; bumili; acquire some- somebody whose job is to manage thing by payment the affairs of a business, organi- adrede layunin; magtangka; to ha- zation, or institution administra- ve something in mind as a plan ción adminitrasyon; pangagasiwa; adrenalina adrenalina; a hormone the management of public affairs secreted by the adrenal glands and or the affairs of a government by some nerve endings, that in- administrar pangasiwaan; to ma- creases the speed and force of nage the affairs of a business, heart contraction fem. organization, or institution mas. aduana adwana acostumbrado de admirable kapuri-puri; deserving costumbre Kawanihan ng adwana to be admired adulta matanda; May sapat na gu- admiración fem. paghanga; warm lang. adulterar bantuan adulter- approval or appreciation of some- io pakikiapid un anciano/una body or something anciana, un viejo/una vieja ma- admirar hangaan; humanga; be tandang babae/matandang lalaki pleased by somebody or s.thing adulteración fem. peke; an illegal admonicion fem. pagpapaalaala; a copy of something adulterar pe- warning to somebody to be careful keng about something adulterino pakikiapid adulterio adobar babad, marinar (binabad; pangangalunya; voluntary sexual ibinabad syn. tinimplang sarisaring relations between a married per- rekado suka, toyo, sili, bawang) son and somebody other than his adobo dalok; a small cucumber or or her spouse dultero mas. mam- other vegetable that has acquired babae; a man which have a sexual a sharp taste by being preserved relations to a married person in vinegar or brine mas. advenediza estranghero; banyaga adolescencia pagbibinata; the 60 adverbio adverbio pang-abay; a word that afilado matalim; talim afilador modifies a verb, an adjective, an- pantasa; knife-grinder other adverb, or a sentence mas. africana negra afrikano negro adversario mas. adbersaryo; kaba- afuega'l pitu an unpasteurised bag; somebody who plays, fights, cow's milk cheese or competes against you in a con- agencia f agentura South America test bahay-sanglaan agencia de tu- advertir babala; binabalaan adver- rismo tourist office agencia de tencia alisto sin previo aviso viajes travel agency hangus-hangos, without prior no- agente m ahente agente secreto tice tiktik agente de policía police- adviento mas. adbiyento; pagda- man agente marítimo shipping ting, the four-week period leading agent South America agente via- up to Christmas jero commercial traveller aerodromo mas. eroporto ágil maliksi; nimbol; able to move aeropuerto paliparan aeronáutico quickly and with suppleness eronautika; Karunungan hingil sa agitador m manunulsol; somebody pagpapapalipad ng eroplano; who attempts to arouse feeling science of flight: the science, art, about something, especially a theory, and practice of designing, political cause mas. at fem. building, and operating aircraft agitar kalog estrechar o dar la aerodinámico erodinamiko; de- mano a alguien makipagkamay signed to reduce air resistance, agonía f naghihingalo; paghihirap; especially to increase fuel effi- intense physical pain or mental ciency or maximum speed anguish; suffering preceding death afabilidad fem. pagkamabait; abi- agonizante mamamatay; on the lity to behave kindly afable maba- point of death it poco afable hindi mabait agorar humula; hulaan; a state- afamado bantog; kilalang-kilala; ment of what somebody thinks will known and recognized by many happen in the future people agosto Agosto; the eighth month of afanoso matrabaho; mahirap; re- the year, lasting 31 days mas. en quiring much unwelcome, often te- (el mes de) agosto sa (ng buwan dious effort na) Agosto afectar apektado; magkabisa; tum- agotado kupas; umubos; sumaid alab afectado pakunwari; paba- agotador pagod na pagod; patang- latkayo; influenced by something pata;malatang-malata; worn out; afecto mas. pagmamahal; pag- very tired ibig; fond or tender feeling toward agradable aya; yaya; ayon; kaaya; somebody mainam; palakaibgan afeitar ahit afeitarse ahitin de agresivo agresibo; mapusok agre- afeitar ahitinan sin afeitar hindi sividad pagsudod agresión agre- nag ahit maquinilla de afeitar syon; hostile attitude or behavior labaha afeitarse ahitin; magahit agresor mas. ang nananalakay afición libangan; a favorite past- agreste bukid; pambukid; pangka- time fem. bukiran; panlalawigan aficionado bagito; baguhan cha- agrícola agrikultura; pagsake agri- pucero gumawa o sumangkot cultura pagsasaka agricultor m nang hindi seroso; taong maalam pagbubukid agricultora magsasa- magkumpuni ng maliliit na sira; ka; magbubukid; the occupation, taong mapanira ng kinukumpuni business, or science of cultivating the land, producing crops, and 61

ajusticiar

raising livestock mismo agridulce eskabetse; containing Ahí! Ayan! Doon! sugar and vinegar flavorings ahijado ina anak ahijar ampon agriera heartburn; an uncomforta- ahogo hingal; Paghahabol ng hihin- ble burning sensation in the lower ga. shortness of breath chest ahora ngayon desde ahora para agrio m asim; a sour-tasting com- ngayon sa ahora bien now then pound that releases hydrogen ions Ahora qué? Ngayon nga? to form a solution with a pH of less ahorcar sabit ahorcadura bigit than 7 ahorcarse nakabitin agripado may trangkaso ahorita dagli; daka; agad-agad; agua tubig fem. impermeable hin- kaagad; kagyat; dagli-daglian di tinatagusan ng tubig estanco ahumar tayubay ahumado ; hindi pinapasok ng tubig aguado cure food with wood smoke matubig; puno ng tubig aguacero airado galit airar galit na galit napakalakas ulan salto de agua aire ere; hangin al aire libre ma- talon agua bendita banal na tubig hangin sa labas hermético ma- agua dulce tubig-tabang agua de higpit; setado; hindi kayang pa- manantial tubig na bukal agua sukan ng hangin base aérea sen- potable inuming tubig agua aba- tro ng operasyon ng hukbong jo sa ibaba ng agos agua arriba panghimpapawid de buen (mal) salungat sa agos se me hace la aire sa mabuting(masamang) ka- boca agua my mouth waters looban hace mucho mahangin na ¡hombre al agua! Tao sa tubig! airosidad elegansya; mabigas; ma- aguacate abokado; pear-shaped tikas; magilas fem. conciseness emerald mas. aislar mapahiwalay aisladamente aguacero mas. lirit; a heavy and wakaak; separation from others sustained fall of rain; malakas na ajedrez ahedres ajedrecista ahe- ulan dreshista tablero de ajedrez ta- aguardar hintay sa; hintay to wait blang ahedres for, expect, or look for s.b. or s.th. ajenjo bukbok; wormwood mas. aguardiente brandy; a liquor that ajete sarsa ng bawang ajo bawang is distilled from the fermented ají sili; a narrow red or green hot- juice of grapes mas. tasting pod aguatocha bomba para sa tubig ajiaceite sarsa ng bawang at oliba agudo matindi; matulis; matalas ajo bawang; strong-tasting plant águila agila; banoy; lawin fem. ajonjoli mas. lingna; the small oval aguinaldo aginaldo; Christmas gift white seeds of the sesame plant aguja karayom costura pananahi ajorca fem. pulseras; a stiff metal, agujero butas; lubak; tagas agu- plastic, or wooden bracelet that is jero de ozono butas ng oson worn around the arm, wrist, or aherrumbrarse may kalawang ankle ahí doon, doon lang, nandiyan ajuar mga kasangkapan at gamit sa (near you) narito, nandidiyan, bahay o silid household furnishings naririto plural, using the plural ajuiciado sensitibo; madaling ma- forms is optional, nandoon (far karamdam; sensible from you and me) nariyan, ajuntarse hindi kasal naroon, naririyan, nandodoon, ajustar itama; magsarato, attach naroroon plural using the plural something; change something form is optional de ahí que slightly ajustar bien humulma sa resulta sa por ahí banda roon, ajusticiar bumitay; eksekut; to kill na ang paraan ahi mismo doon 62 ala

somebody as part of a legal or ex- albahaca basil; cooking herb fem. tralegal process alberca banyadero; languyan fem. ala bagwis; pakpak; sulampi; the albero puti albor asuhos lower edge of a roof caérsele a albina anak araw; a person or ani- uno las alas mawalan ng loob mal whose skin and hair lack pig- Alá mas. bathala o diyos ng mga mentation and whose irises are muslim pink because of a hereditary con- alabanza fem. papuri; pagpupuri; dition albinism fem. words that express approval or albóndiga bola-bola; ground meat admiration alabanzas plural in ball shape fem. albóndiga en alabastrino alabaster; a hard se- tomate bola-bola sasama sarsaw mitranslucent type of calcite, oc- na kamatis albóndiguilla maliit casionally with banding na bola-bola alabear pintad; to become twisted alborada fem. bukang liwayway; or out of shape alabeo pumintad madalingaraw; pamimitak ng araw alacena fem. paminggalan; a room alboroto mas. gulo; ligalig; confus- where food is kept ion; tumult; disorder alacrán mas. alakdan; atang-atang alborotador basagulero; a trouble- alajú mas. gingerbread; a moist maker who sets people against dark cake made with molasses and each other, especially by spread- flavored with ginger ing malicious gossip mas. alambre m alambre; metal in the albricias gantimpala ¡albricias! form of thin flexible strands Magadang balita! alameda fem. kalyehon; eskinita; alcaide gobernador; an appointed makipot na daan; a wide street or elected official who governs a álamo bantog; sikat mas. state mas. alarde magmayabang, magham- alcalde alkalde mas. meyor syn. bog; a boastful statement or dis- head of city or town government play of arrogant behavior alcaldía mubisipyo; gusali sa bayan alargar mahaba; lengthen, prolong na katatagpuan sa tanggapan ng extend mga opisyal alarido mas. hiyaw; tumili; sigaw; alcance mas. ang distansya a loud call or cry dar alaridos hi- alcancia fem. alkansya; a child's hiyaw; humiyaw; lingaw; sigaw savings bank alarife arkitekto arquitectura arki- alcantarilla fem. bambang; alulod; tektura; the art and science of de- malalim na kanal o tubig-daluyan signing and constructing buildings na nabuo ng malakas na bagsak alarma f alarma; babala; hudyat; ng ulan (cuneta fem.) biglang pagkatakot sa pagkatanto alcohol alak alcohólico lasenggero ng panganib alarmante alisto achisparse malainibay bebida alarma falsa maling alarma alar- alcohólica iinum ng alak achi- mista taong matakutin ¡alerta! sparse; alegrón; bebido mala- Alerto! inibay borracho; beodo lasing alba fem. bukang liwayway; mada- abstinencia hindi na inum nang ling-araw; pamimitak ng araw alak albaricoque aprikot; round fruit alcor mas. burol; an area of land, with a soft furry yellowish orange usually rounded in shape, that is skin mas. albaricoquero punong higher than the surrounding land aprikot alcorza hamog na nagyelo; namu- albacora dugso; malasigi; isdang- ong hamog alcorzar yelo ispanda fem. swordfish alcuza bote ng oliba fem. alcuzcuz a food resembling tiny 63

algunos

grains, made from semolina and alfaque mas. a mound, hillside, or cooked by steaming or soaking in shoal of sand formed by the action boiling water of wind or water aldabada kumakatok sa pinto alfarero(-a) mas.(fem.) mangga- aldea nayon; baryo aldeana taong gawa ng palayok; magpapalayok nayon; villager alfarería fem. mga palayok; paso; aleación mabahang uri ng metal na palayukan kahalo ng mataas na uri; a sub- alfil obispo; senior Christian cleric stance that is a mixture of two or alfombra karpet; alombra alfom- more metals, or of a metal with a bra de baño alombra ng banyo nonmetallic material fem. alfombrilla bulutong; a contagious aleccionar pagtuturo; to impart acute viral disease with symptoms know-ledge to somebody that include a bright red rash of alegre saya; feeling or showing small spots that spread to cover pleasure, contentment, or joy ale- the whole body. grarse masaya alegría ligaya alga damo ng dagat; lumot; plants alegoría alegorya; mga kuwentong that grow in the ocean fem. may lakip na aral; talinghaga at algarabía arabiya; mga basang simbolismo fem. symbolic work ang mga mamamayan ay nagsa- alegrón malainibay; slightly drunk salita ng wikang arabiko, ilan sa alelado ugok; regarded as unintelli- mga saudi arabiya, ehiptp, moroko gent álgebra fem. the branch of mathe- aleluya mahal na araw; hallelujah matics in which symbols, usually alemán aleman; german –ana letters of the alphabet, represent Alemania Alemaniya; country in unknown numbers, algebra central Europe Language: German algo indefinite pronoun piraso ilan Currency: euro Capital: Berlin isang bagay; ano man; an unspe- Population: 82,000,000 Area: cified thing ¿te gustaría beber/ 356,970 sq km/137,827 sq mi comer algo? gusto mo nang isang Official name Federal Republic of bagay sa pag-inom / kumain? Germany ¿pasa algo? May problema ba? alentado matapang; bida; having ¿Necesita usted algo? Kailangan or showing courage mo ba ang anumang bagay? alentador magpasigla; magpala- algodón bulak; a soft white downy kas; ng loob; magbigay ng pag fiber algodonero tindero ng bulak asa; to motivate somebody alguien isang tao, sinuman, kahit alergia alerdyi; hindi hiyang; un- (na) kanino; kahit isa; alinman, usual sensitivity to a normally someone, somebody, refer to one harmless substance that provokes or more undefinte persons. ¿Te ha a strong reaction from a person's visto alguien? Nakita mo ang si- body alérgico alerhiko mas. numan? alero sulampi; the lower edge of a alguno kahit na sino, sinuman, roof anuman, is used without noun aleta ispalikpik; palikpik; bird's limb ¿Alguno de vosotros sabe la for flying aletazo pumalikpik; flap hora? Malaman kahit sino ng oras? of the wing ¿Tienes alguna idea? Mayroon alevosia fem. panluloko; pandara- ba kayong anumang mga ideya? ya; the act or practice of deceiving Algunos no volverán más. Wa- or misleading somebody lang sinumang ay bumalik. alfabético abakada; alpabeto al- algunos ilan, used to emphasize fabetizar tuturo nang basa at su- how small a number of people or lat 64 alhaja

things is algunas mujeres ilang pa roon; doon sa malayo allá babae algunas de las mujeres abajo doon sa baba allá arriba ilan sa mga babae algunos de doon sa taas ellos ilan sa kanila allí doon; ayan; iyan; an adverb alhaja alahas; hiyas alhajera ka- used to indicate a place by poin- hon ng alahas; jewelry box ting or looking or that has already alhajar Maglagay ng muwebles. been mentioned allí dentro ayan mga kasangkapan at gamit sa alli está! May ito ay!Alli no habia bahay o silid; furnish, appoint nadie. Walang mga taon doon. alianza alyansa; kampihan; pagka- Allí! Ayan! kaisa fem. groups with common a allegado malapit; malapitlapit, alias alyas; Balatkayong ngalan. nagtatapos na kaibigan alicates plais; gripping tool; bokay- alma fem. ispireto; kaluluwa; taong pato mas. pl. itinuturing na inspiratsyon ng gru- alienista espesyalista sa sakit sa po con (toda) el alma puso at isip; doctor treating psychiatric kaluluwa con toda mi alma bu- disorders mas. ong puso gagawin volver a uno aliento huminga; inhaling and ex- el alma al cuerpo huminahon haling tomar aliento hihinga sin ¡alma mía! Aking kayamanan! aliento walang hinga almacén bodega mas. conserje alimaña hayop mamífero hayop bodegero mas. a fem. na sumususo fem. almadia fem. balsa; logs or boards alimentista pensyonista; mama- fastened together to make a float- hinga mas. at fem. ing platform (balsa fem.) alimento pagkain alimentar pag- almadrena fem. bakya kainin; busugin; feed, nourish almeja paros; kabya; lukan fem. an alinear ihilera; ilinya; ituwid; maki- invertebrate water animal with a isa sa isang partikular na grupo; shell 1 paniniwala o prisipyo almendra almendra fem. an edi- aliño mas. a sauce used on ble, oval-shaped, brown-skinned with an oil and vinegar base nut 2 alisado makinis; not having a almendra butil; the edible content rough or uneven surface of a nut or fruit stone fem. alisar punas; magbuli; make some- almíbar katas ng prutas mas. thing smooth or shiny almirante almirante; laksamana aliviar magpakalma; to lighten or almirantazgo almirantaso lessen physical or mental trouble almirez almeres; bowl for crushing aljibe sisterna aljofaina banyero; ore labado; hinawan; wash basin almodrote keso at bawang na sar- aljófar mas. perlas; a small lust- sa mas. rous sphere of calcium carbonate almogrote a soft paste made from that forms around a grain of sand hard cheese, peppers, , in an ocean organism such as an garlic oyster almohada unan; cushion for head aljofifa basahan para sa sahig al- in bed fem. jofifar linisin ang sahig almoneda subasta; sale by bidding allá doon; noong; niyan; ayan; an fem. subastador subastador; adverb used to indicate a place by somebody conducting auction mas pointing or looking or that has al- almorranas almoranas; painful va- ready been mentioned más allá ricose veins in the canal of the de pangnagdaan; beyond; sa dako anus fem. pl. almorzada fem. Mexico almusal; 65

amazona

agahan nita; false sense perception almuerzo mas. tanghalian almor- alud mas. abalanse; a rapid down- zar may tanghalian hill flow of a large mass of some- alocado luko; baliw; matapang; thing dislodged from a mountain- mabangis; a term meaning affec- side or the top of a precipice, es- ted by a psychiatric disorder pecially snow or ice (avalancha) alojar bahay; a building made for alunado pagkaluko; legally consi- people to live in dered as psychiatrically disordered alondra alondra fem. a small song alunizar lupang buwan bird with brownish feathers, noted aluminio mas. aluminyo; a silvery for its song white, light metallic element that alopecia fem. nalalaga; hair loss is ductile, malleable, and resistant Alpes mas. pl. bulubundukin sa git- to corrosion. Source: bauxite. Use: nang katimugan ng yuropa lightweight construction, corrosion alpinista mas. mamumundok; a resistant materials. Symbol Al person skilled in mountain climb- aluvión mas. baha; gunaw; dilub- ing alpinismo akyatin mas. bulu- yo; paggagsa ng anumang bagay bundukin na tila baha alquería bahay ng sakahan fem. álveo pampang; baybay-ilog mas. alquiler binibinta; kumuha; uha se alzar magtaas alzamiento iangat alquila sa binibinta; sa uupa alzo mas. Centr. America nakaw alrededor kulungin, palibutan ama ginang ama de casa katulong altaneria fem. labis na kapalaluan na babae; mutsasa altanero mapagmalaki; mapag- amabilidad mabait; mahabagin mataas; mapanghamak; behaving amable giliw, maawin; mabait; in a superior, condescending, or amablemente magiliw arrogant way amada katipam amador pag-ibig altar mas. dambana; simbahan; amadora mangingibig raised ceremonial religious struc- amanecer bukangliwayway ture amanecida bukang liway-way; ma- altavoz mas. loudspeaker; a device daling-araw; pamimitak ng araw for converting signals into sound amante 1 ginang; Ina ng tahanan. alterar gumusot; bumago Babaing may-hawak na respon- alternativa alternatibo; pipilian; sableng tungkulin; kalunya other possibility; pagkakataong amante 2 mangingibig; manliligaw makapili sa dalawang bagay; ma- s.b.'s sexual partner, especially if pamimilian the two are not married to each altiplanicie bai-baitang na lupa other mas. and fem. altitud ang taas; the height of amargo pait amargarse mabait something above a specific level amargamente mapait altivez taasnoo; arogante; feeling amarillo mas. dilaw; amarilo adj. or showing self-importance and amasar magmasa; to fold, press, contempt or disregard for others; and stretch a soft substance such labis na kapalaluan as dough masa masa 1 alto taas en (lo) alto nasa taas amateur mas. amatyur; baguhan; 2 alto tingil; para ¡alto ahí! Tingil bagito gumawa o sumangkot nang doon! Yo soy alto matangkad ako hindi seroso; taong maalam mag- 1 altura taas tiene 2 metros de kumpuni ng maliliit na sira; taong altura 2 mga metrong taas mapanira ng kinukumpuni 2 altura fem. kataasan; ang taas amazona amasona; world's second sa kapantayan ng dagat longest river mas. alucinación fem. guni-guni; kinik- 66

ámbar

ámbar mas. ambar; a hard trans- shock, injury, psychological distur- lucent fossil resin bance, or medical disorder fem. ambición ambisyon; hangarin; de- amnistía amnestiya pardon; awa; sire for success fem. Ganap na pagpapatawad sa mga ambiente palibot; hangarin nagkasala laban sa pamahalaan. ambo Arg. mas. terno; a set of clo- a general pardon, especially for thes made from the same material those who have committed politi- ambos los dos, kayung dalawa; cal crimes fem. kapwa mas. pl. adj. also pronoun - amo amo; tsep; mabait na amo as Ambos días hizo sol. Ito ay amodorramiento walang tulog maaraw sa kapwang araw. Ambas amonestar magbabala; babala; to fueron semanas de lluvia. Kap- tell somebody about something wang linggo ay maulan. Ambos that might cause injury or harm conocemos Manila y Mindoro, y amor mahal; pag-igib estoy en- las dos hace calor. Pareho na- amorado de ti Mahal kita. estar ming alam Maynila at Mindoro, at enamorado mamahal sa isa es- ang pareho ay mainit. tar enamorado de mapagmahal ambulancia f ambulansya llame enamorarse pagmamahal ¡amor una ambulancia ,rapido. Bilis, mío! Aking mahal! tawag ang ambulansya. amoral salaula; walang moralidad; amenaza fem. trato; the expres- not concerned with or amenable to sion of an intention to cause harm moral judgments or pain amenazar tratohin amparadora tagapagsanggalang; América fem. Amerika somebody who protects or defends americano amerikano norte- somebody or something americano (North) American amparar tulong; assist somebody sudamericano South American ampararse tulungan centroamericano Central Ame- ampliar lakihan; magpalaki; to be- rican latinoamericano Latin come, or make something become, American. greater amianto asbestos; sustansiyang ampolla paltos; painful swelling on mineralya na hindi nasusunod skin fem. amígdala fem. tonsil; two small amputar pumutol; to cut off a limb oval masses of tissue, one on ei- or other appendage of the body ther side of the back of the mouth, amputación putulin that are important for the body's amueblado maglagay ng muwebles immune system amuleto ating ating; agimat mas. amigdalitis fem. tonsilitis; inflam- anacoreta mas. eremit, taon na- mation of the tonsils of the mouth, mumuhay nang tahimik at mag- caused either by bacteria or a vi- isa; ermitanyo rus, which makes the throat very ánade bibi; pato; anadón itik mas. sore and can lead to fever and anadear lumakad na tulad ng earache bibi; walk with side-to-side gait amigo kaibigan, amigo ser muy anadón itik; a duck that has not amigos ay napaka mabuting kai- reached maturity mas. bigan anadino mas. maliit na bibi amigable mabait, magiliw anal anal; relating to or situated amistad pagkakaibigan; amistad near the anus amnesia amnesya, paglimot dahil añal taon-taon; year-old sa kapinsalaan sa utak; memory analcohólico may walang alak loss: loss of memory as a result of analfabeto kamangmangan; un- able to read or write mas. a fem. 67

año analista analysta analizar anali- anemia f. anemya, Kakulangan sa sahin análisis analisya dugo; blood deficiency: a blood ananá pinya; juicy yellow fruit mas. condition in which there are too anarco mas. anarkista; somebody few red blood cells or the red who believes that governments blood cells are deficient in hemo- should be abolished as unnecessa- globin, resulting in poor health ry anarquia fem. anarkiya; a si- anémona anemonya fem. tuation in which there is a total ángel anghel mas. angelical Pa- lack of organization or control rang anghel. Mukhang anghel. anatomía anatomya; the branch of salto de ángel pagtalon nang una science that studies the physical ang ulo ángel de la guarda ang- structure of animals, plants, and hel na guwardiya; anghal na taga- other organisms fem. tanod ancestro kalululohan; distant re- angina fem. tonsilitis; inflammation lation somebody is descended of the tonsils of the mouth, caused from; angkan; hinlog; kadugo either by bacteria or a virus, which ancho mas. luwang; the distance makes the throat very sore and from one side or edge of some- can lead to fever and earache thing to the other angosto makitid; makipot; kakaun- anchoa fem. dilis; a small silvery ti; lilan; may kiniklingan ocean fish that travels in large anguila f. palos igat; a fish with a schools. long thin body resembling that of a anchura fm. lapad; width, breadth, snake anguila de mar conger eel wideness; luwang; the distance ángulo mas. anggulo; three-dimen- from one side or edge of some- sional angle thing to the other anillo singsing ng daliri anillo de anciana matandang babae anci- boda singsing ng kasal anidad gurang; matandang edad ánima fem. ispirito; kaluluwa; tao- áncora fem. angkla; angkora; devi- ng itinuturing na inspiratsyon ng ce to hold ship in place grupo ancla angkla; angkora; device to animado masigla; masaya hold ship in place echar (levar) animal mas. hayop mamífero ha- anclas drop (weigh) anchor yop na sumususo andar punta; lakad andante lala- animar magpasigla; magpalakas; kad andarín manglakad ¿cómo ng loob; magbigay ng pagasa; to anda eso? Kumusta na ang mga motivate somebody bagay? ¿cómo andas de dinero? ánimo mas. ispirito; kaluluwa; tao- Kumusta ka sa paggastos ng pera? ng itinuturing na inspiratsyon ng ¡anda, anda! huwag maging wa- grupo lang isip! ¡andando! na ang la- ¡ánimo! Tagay! hat! andar a caballo sakay aniñado parang bata; musmos andar bien/mal pupunta nang ansioso pananabik; katalasan; ka- mabuti/masama taliman; kahayapan; kabilisan na andén plataporma; entablado may lakip na pananabik aneblar uulap; cover with mist ma- aniversario mas. anibersaryo; kaa- ulap aneblarse maulap rawan; annual observation of past anécdota anekdota; biro; naglala- event lantad sa mga pang-aabuso at ano mas. tumbong; opening for re- masasamang gawi sa pamama- lease of feces gitan ng pang-uuyam o panunuya año taon anual taun- taon año de añejar edad añejarse may edad Cristo Anno Domini (A.D.) cuán- añejo matanda 68 año bisiesto

Tos años tienes? Ilang taon ka produced substance that kills or ba? inactivates bacteria, but has no año bisiesto taon bisiyesto; a year effect against viruses, used as a with an extra day, February 29, medication mas. added to make up the difference anticuado luom; sa una pa; antigo 1 between the 365-day calendar and antiguo antigo; hindi modero 2 the actual duration of the Earth's antiguo dati antiguedad antigo orbit of the Sun antología antolohiya; a book that año luz taon ng ilaw; a unit of dis- consists of essays, stories, or po- tance in astronomy equal to the ems by different writers; antholo- distance that light travels in a gie; katipunan ng mga piling akda; vacuum in one mean solar year, magaing tula o tuluyan fem. approximately 9.46 trillion km/ artista artista artístico artistiko 5.88 trillion mi antipatía antipatya; ayaw; pag- anoche kagabi noche gabi antes kainis antipático hindi palakaib- de anoche kamakalawang gabi gan; unpleasant, not nice anochecer agaw-dilim anochecida antiséptico antiseptiko; reducing bukang; dapit-hapon anochecer or preventing infection, especially silim; takipsilim; nightfall, dusk by the elimination or reduction of anomalía tiwali; anomalya anóma- the growth of microorganisms that lo katiwalia: something that de- cause disease or decay mas. viates from the norm or from ex- antro kaberna; malaking kuweba pectations fem. anual isang beses sa taon; taon- anónimo lihim; tago; walang lag- taon da; walang nakababatig kong sino anubarrado maulap (aneblarse) anormal abno; hindi normal; anor- anunciar paalala anuncio anun- malidad hindi karaniwan; kulang syo; magpababala; ibalita; pata- sa isip; unusual or unexpected lastas anunciación anunsasyon ánsar gansa mas. ansarino kini- anus tumbong; opening for release kilabutan; kilabot ng balat of feces mas. anta fem. elk; a large deer that has anzuelo Taga ng pamansing o pa- tall branched antlers mingwit. Kawit mas. fishhook antaño kataon; dating; noon aorta fem. aorta; the main artery Antártico antartika; polong timog that carries blood from the left ante 1 noon antaño kataon antea- ventricle of the heart noche kagabi anteayer kahapon aovado habilog; tabas-itlog at nong isang; kamakalawa apacible malambot; payapa ante 2 mas. ante; an agile goat an- apagó pinatay; patayin; put out, telope extinguish antena antena; sungot fem. device apagón walang kuriyente electrici- for sending and receiving radio dad kuriyente waves; thin sensor on the orga- aparición pangitain; paglitaw; pag- nism's head papakita fem. antenombre titulo; pamagat mas. aparatos aparatos; kagamitan; a anteojo salamin; teleskopiyo mas. piece of machinery, a tool, or a antepasado 1 noon huli; before last device used for a specific purpose antepasado 2 kanununuan; ninuno aparecer lulutang; lumitaw; lum- antes dati, bago anterior dating abas; sumipot; turn up cuanto antes, lo antes posible apartamento kondomenyom; pa- sa madaling panahon upahan; apartamento mas. antibiótico antibiyotiko; a naturally aparte bukod, separated by a dis- tance; at a specified distance from 69

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each other in time or space a apretón pindutin; diinan; pumiga; aparte del niño bukod sa bata’ to press something hard in the aparte de Mario bukod kay Mario hand or between two other objects a parte de ti bukod sa iyo aproximado katumbas; halos ka- apatía panghihina; kawalang dam- tumbas; humigit-kumulang; nearly damin; kawalang malasakit fem. exact apellido apilido; pangalang angkan apuesta pusta; taya, an agreement apéndice apendiks; small outgro- between two people that whoever wth from large intestine apen- loses a bet on an uncertain outco- dicitis apendisitis; inflammation of me will pay hacer una apuesta appendix fem. gumawa ng isang taya aperitivo mas. pampagana; a small apuñalar saksak; iwa; ulos dish of food served at the begin- aquel Maskulin, is used for singular ning of a meal nouns that are far from the spea- apetito mas. gana; a natural desire ker doón, roón (n)iyán, diyán, ri- for food yán, ayán, ayón, (n)iyán, ayán apio apiyo mas.the long crisp flat- aquella Feminin aquel chico ang tish leaf stalks of a cultivated batang lalaki diyán aquella chica plant [Apium graveolens] ang batang babae diyán aquellos aplaudir palakpak; to clap hands as chicos ang mga batang lalaki do- a sign of welcome, enjoyment, ap- on aquellas chicas ang mga ba- preciation, or approval ovación tang babae doon palakpakan; loud and long applau- aquí dito; nandito (near me) an se adverb used to refer to this place Apocalipsis mas. apokalpsis; paha- Aqui es la entrada. Dito ang Yag rebelasyon ukol sa kataklis- entrada. acá y a(cu)llá dito at mong magaganap at ang paghaha- doon aquí dentro sa dito aquí ri ng kabutihan sa kasamaan dentro in here aquí mismo dito apólogo mas. papabola Kuwentong mismo de aquí en adelante mula nagbibigay aral. katha; Kuwentong ngayon por aquí (cerca) tunkol hindi totoo. Kuwentong kasama dito hacia aqui hali ka na Mario mga hayop at walang mga taong. esta aqui. Nandito si Mario. Ma- apoplejia apopleksya; a sudden rio y Paul están aquí. (plural) blockage or rupture of a blood ves- Nandidito sina Mario at Paul. sel in the brain árabe bansang arabe; mga basang aporreado pobre-pobre; pobrehan; ang mga mamamayan ay nag- poverty; state of being poor sasalita ng wikang arabiko, ila apóstol mas. apostol; somebody sa mga saudi arabiya, ehiptp, mo- who tries to persuade others to roko share an idea or cause arable maaaro; masasaka; mapag- apóstrofo mas. tudlik; the punctu- hahalamanan describes land that ation mark (') used to show where can be cultivated for growing crops letters are omitted from a word, to arado mas. sudsod; palinta; talim mark the possessive, and some- ng araro; a heavy farming tool times to form the plural of num- with a sharp blade arar mag-aara- bers, letters, and symbols ro apoyar sandal; move to a position araña fem. gagamba; eight-legged that is at an angle to the vertical animal that spins webs tela/ tela- apoyarse en algo sumandal raña de araña bahay ng gagam- aprender aral; matuto; to acquire ba; lawalawa knowledge of a subject or skill araña de luces aranya; a hanging through education or experience 70 arañar

light with branches tuwiran; stated point of view arañar gasgasin; kamut; manga- aridez fem. pagkatuyo; a long pe- mot; to rub the skin with nails riod of extremely dry weather arancel mas. taripa; the amount of árido baog; tuyong seco tuyo money charged per unit arinola ihihan; receptacle for men arandela sapatilya; kandilyero fem. to urinate into orina ihi orinar árbol 1 mas. puno; plant resemb- umihi ling tree palo (sa bapor) arisco sutil; masungit; mainit ang árbol 2 mas. palo; a vertical spar ulo, irritable and likely to complain that supports sails or misbehave árbol 3 mas. aksis; ehe; pinagii- aristocracia f aristokrasya; people nugan, shaft on which wheel turns of noble families or the highest arcángel mas. arkanghel, a chief or social class aristócrata aristokra- principal angel ta; member of highest social class archipiélago kapuluan; a group or mas. at fem. chain of islands mas. arma armadong; ang mga baril ar- archivos mas. arkibo; taguan ng ma arrojadiza misil arma de fu- mga kasulatan at katibayang na- ego baril susulat armario m kabinete; paminggalan arcilla fem. luwad; a fine-grained armas fem. baril disparar barilan ma terial consisting mainly of hy- armonía armonia; harmonya; plea- drated aluminum silicates santness in arrangement; pagka- arco mas. arko; balantok; curved kaisa; pagkakasundo; masarap na structure arco iris bahaghari pagsasamahan fem. arder sumunog estar que arde armónica fem. silindro; harmonika; galit na galit a small wind instrument played by ardid mas. linlang; lansi; clever or the mouth artful in a way that is intended to aroma mas. bango; samyo; lasa; a deceive; daya smell, especially a pleasant one ardilla ardilya; small bushy-tailed aromatizante pampalasa rodent fem. arpa alpa; a triangular shaped in- área fem. lugar; purok; measure- strument that has a curved neck ment of a surface área de des- and strings between fem. canso pahingahan área de ser- apiñarse kumpol; a small group of vicio lugar ng serbisyo. people or things that are closely arena fem. buhangin; a substance packed together consisting of fine loose grains of arpón mas. salapang; weapon si- rock milar to spear in order to capture arena movediza kumunoy; a deep large sea animals arponear ma- mass of loose wet sand that sucks nalapang down any heavy object arqueología fem. arkelohiya; the arenas kaskaho; gaba small stones scientific study of ancient cultures used for paths or for making con- through the examination of their crete material remains such as build- arenga diskurso; talumpati; a talk ings, graves, tools, and other arti- given to an audience facts usually dug up from the arenque kundilag; a small fish with ground arqueólogo arkeologo; silvery scales isang mag-aaral ng mga bagay- arete mas. hikaw; a piece of jewel- bagay na ukol sa unang panahon ry worn on the ear arquero mamamana; user of bow argumento mas. argumento; ka- and arrow; kahera; worker taking and paying money South America 71

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goalkeeper mas. artesanía sining sa mag gawang arquitecto mas. arketikto; a build- kamay ing designer arte arte; sining las artes ang arquitectura fem. arkitektura; the mga arte galería de arte palko; art and science of designing and tanghalan; koleksyon ng sining constructing buildings para itanghal arrasar manira; sira; siraan; to de- Ártico artiko; polong hilaga fem. stroy a building or other structure articulación fem. kasu-kasuan; a completely part of the body where bones are arrastrado pobreng-pobre connected arrastrar bumatak; kumalagkad; artículo 1 bagay; pantukoy; a word pull something along with effort used with a noun that specifies arreglo mas. a sauce used on sa- whether the noun is definite or lads with an oil and vinegar base indefinite mas. arrendamiento pag-upa se alqui- artículo 2 mas. artikulo; lathalain; a la magrenta, umupa piece of nonfiction writing in a arrepentimiento mas. pagsisisi; newspaper, magazine, or referen- sorrow for doing wrong arrepen- ce book tirse magsisi artificial artipisyal; di tunay; made arresto arestado mas. arrestado by humans arestadohin; humuli; dumakip artista mas. fem. artista artistico arriba adv. (ma)taas hacia arriba artistiko pataas de arriba abajo pataas at artritis fem. artritis; a medical con- pababa por la calle arriba taas dition affecting a joint or joints, ang kayle daan causing pain, swelling, and stiff- arrodillarse luhod, lumuhod ness arrogancia f arogansya; hambog; as alas; playing card; somebody mapagmataas with exceptional skill mas. arroyo mas. sapa; ilug-ilugan; a asa hawakan; puluhan; a part of a small stream thing by which it is held, moved, arrogante taasnoo; hambog; ma- or operated pagmataas; arogante; feeling or asado ihaw; letson fuente para showing self-importance and con- asar ihawan barbacoa tempt or disregard for others asar en la barbacoa iihaw asar- arroz mas. kanin (cooked) bigas se maglitson (uncooked) asadura fem. lamang loob; mga a dish consisting bituka; the edible, internal organs of rice, a and tomato asalariado suwelduhan; kitahan sauce arroz con leche rice pud- asaltante mas. fem. isang tao na ding polvo(s) de arroz rice pow- nang-aatake; naninira o nanunu- der ligsa asaltar lusubin; salakay arrozal mas. palayan; a ricefield asalto mas. tuligsa; atake; lusob arruga kulubot; kunot; facial line asbesto asbestos, sustansiyang from aging; magtiklop; to bend mineralya na hindi nasusunod mas something thin and flat over on ascensor mas. asensor; elebeytor; itself fem. platform for taking up or down arruinarse bangkarote; sirain; wa- asesinato mamamatay asesino sak; economic failure makakamatay morir mamatay arruinar sumira ng trabaho asco mas. mainis; a feeling of hor- arsénico arsenik; a steel-gray poi- rified disapproval of something sonous solid element that is a que asco! ugh! Iyak! grunting ex- brittle crystalline metalloid mas. 72 ascua

clamation expressing disgust holding something firmly ascua fem. glut embers asiento mas. likmuan; luklukan; aseado linis; free from dirt or im- upuan; something for sitting on purities asear malinis; remove dirt tomar asiento umupo ¿Este asediar talikop; to surround a city asiento todavía está dispone- or stronghold with armed forces ble? May nakaupo na ba sa upu- asedio mas. kulong; pagkubkob; a ang ito? military or police operation in asilo mas. asilo; ampunan; protec- which troops surround a place; tion from extradition asilado asi- salikop; libid; tiklop; napapaligir- ado; asylum seeker an asma hika; hapo; hingal; a disease asemejarse animo; hambing; ka- of the respiratory system, some- para; parang pareho; pareho times caused by allergies, with Ascensión araw ng pag-akyat fem. symptoms including coughing, celebration of Jesus Christ's as- sudden difficulty in breathing, and cent, Thursday, forty days after a tight feeling in the chest fem. Easter Day asno mas. asno; buriko; a small asentimiento mas. kasunduan; pa- domesticated member of the horse yag; a favorable opinion or feeling family about something; a agreement aspecto aspekto; hitsura; a facet, aseo mas. kalinisan; Ang mga tun- phase, or part of a whole tunin sa pangangalaga sa kalusu- aspiración fem. langhapin; an in- gan. malinis at malusog na paraan take of breath ng pamumuhay aspiradora fem. aspirador; an ele- aséptico asog; free from infection ctrical appliance that cleans surfa- asesinato mas. pinatay asesinar ces such by sucking dirt and other pagpatay sa kapwa asesino ma- material into a bag kakamatay aspirar hihinga; hinaan; an inhaling asesor mas. tagapayo; somebody or exhaling of air who gives advice asesorar pag- asqueroso nakakasora; completely payuhan unacceptable or disgraceful asfalto ispalto; a brownish black astilla fem. salusob; subyang; tinik solid or semisolid substance. Sour- thin sharp fragment ce: oil-bearing rocks mas. astrología astrolohiya; the study of asfixiarse mainis; to die from lack the positions of the Moon, Sun, of air asfixia fem. pagkainis and other planets in the belief that así paganyan; totoo; talaga; in their motions affect human beings that way; in the same way; so, in fem. astrólogo astrolohista mas. this way, thus así pues at iba pa, astronomía astronomiya; scientific kaya pagkatapos o así o kaya así study of the universe, especially of es que at iba pa (di ba yao'y iyon) the motions, positions, sizes, com- ¡así sea! ay siya nawang mangya- position, and behavior of astrono- ri! mical objects. fem. astronomo Asia fem. asea; aseya; the world's astronomohista mas. largest continent, bordered by the astuto maingat; matalino; clever Ural and Caucasus mountains and Asunción fem. asunsiyon, pagayat the Arctic, Pacific, and Indian oce- sa tangit ng mahal na birhen ans. Population: 4,100,000,000 asunto mas. karanasan; bagay; Area: 44,391,000 sq Suliranin isang bagay na kailan- km/ 17,139,400 sq mi gang gawin o aksiyunan asidero mas. hawakan; a device for asuntos exteriores suliranin isang bagay na kailangang gawin o aksi- 73

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yunan mika bomba atómica bomba ng atacante isang tao na nanga atake; atomika naninira o nanunuligsa atacar ma- atracar agawan; paghinto; close up so; atake; harm using violence; against, near, or parallel to the criticize somebody side of ataque mas. atake; salakay; lusob; atracción fem. atraksyon; bighani; salakay ataque cardíaco atake akit; power of attracting ng puso; ataque al corazón atraco mas. panghaharang; hold- atardecer takipsilim; pagkakahuli ap; a highway robbery; stopping atención pansin; paglilimisyn; atin- and robbing by force atracador syon atención por favor Atin- tulisan; bandito; ganster mas. syon! atractivo aktratibo; kaakit-akit; atentado maingat; masinop; ma- pogi; good-looking; pangakit; pan- paghanda; planning carefully tawag-pansin ahead of time atrás likod; likuran; preposition in atento matulungin; mapagbigay; position indicating that somebody handang tumulong; willing to do or something is in or is going to- favors ward a position at the back or rear ateo adjective hindi paniniwala; of something atrás de sa/nasa li- ateismo; taong walang pananalig kod/likuran ng atrás del coche sa sa diyos likuran ng kotse de atrás del aterrador nananakot, frightening; autobús sa likuran ng bus causing fear atraso atraso; huli; happening or aterrizaje mas. paglapag; act of arriving after an expected or ar- coming to the ground aterrizaje ranged time atrasarse maatraso; forzoso forced landing aterrizaje balam; mahuli a vientre pancake landing aterri- atrevido adjective walang takot; zaje forzado, aterrizaje forzoso walang-kaba; walang-gulat forced landing aterrizaje violento atún tuligan; tambakol; a large, crash landing fast-swimming, widely distributed atestado apidabit; written version ocean fish mas. of sworn statement audiencia fem. awdiensya; mga Atlántico atlantiko mas. the world's nakiking; mga tagapakinig second largest ocean, which sepa- augurar humula; hulaan; to say rates Europe and Africa from North what is going to happen in the fu- and South America. Area: ture 82,400,000 sq km/ aullido humagulhol; hagulhol; pala- 31,800,000 sq mi haw; alulong; make whining sound atlas atlas; aklat ng mga mapa aumentar dumadami; magpalaki atleta atleta mas. atlético atletiko aún ngayon; hindi pa, as opposed ático mas. kuwartong nasa pa- to later gitan ng kisame at bubugan; atik aunque kahit na, kahiman conces- atmósfera atmospera; alangaang; sive conjunction Vamos a com- the mixture of gases that sur- prar la casa aunque es bastan- rounds an astronomical object te cara. Susubukan naming bumili such as the Earth fem. ng bahay na ito, kahit na ito ay átomo atomo; the smallest portion masyadong mahal. into which an element can be di- aureola fem. sinag sa ulo vided and still retain its properties, ausente hindi pumasok; liban; not made up of a dense, positively attending a place or event charged nucleus surrounded by a Australia awstraliya fem. the system of electrons atómico ato- 74 auto

world's smallest continent, situa- son, number, mood, tense, or ted between the Pacific and Indian aspect oceans. Population: 20,000,000 aval mas. lagak; something what Area: 7,614,500 sq km/2,939,974 pledges that another's obligations auto mas. kotse; sasakyan; awto will be met in case of default auto de detención arrest warrant avalancha abalanse; a rapid down- autobiografia fem. bayograpiya; hill flow of a large mass of some- account of somebody's life thing dislodged from a mountain- autobús mas. bus; a large passen- side or the top of a precipice, es- ger vehicle El autobús sale cada pecially snow or ice fem. hora. Umaalis ang bus oras-oras. avanzar umabante pasar a hacer ¿Por qué no tomas el autobús? algo Abante! avanzarse pag- Bakit ba ayaw mong sumkay ng unlad; abante; move on, push on bus? ¿A dónde va este autobús? avaricia katakawan; kasakiman; Saan papunta ang bus na ito? El an unreasonably strong desire to autobús sale cada hora. Um- obtain and keep money fem. aalis ang bus oras-oras. María ave fem. ibon jaula para pájaros toma el autobús. Nagbus si hawla ng ibon aves de corral ang Maria. ¿A dónde va este auto- mga ibon; a bird kept for its meat bús? Saan papunta ang bus na avellana abelana fem. an edible ito? nut from a hazel tree autoctono Ang mga unang tao sa avena fem. ot; a plant with edible isang bayan. katutubo; Taong seeds that is grown as a cereal anak sa isang bansa. crop harina de avena otmil autodominio mas. pagpipigil na aventajado tanyag; bantog; maha- sarili; pagtitimpi; the ability to laga; clearly of very high quality or control your own behavior clearly superior to others in the autogestion fem. sariling pamama- same group or category aventa- hala; kasarinlan jado de estatura napakalaki; so- autómata mas. makina; robota brang malaki automático awtomatiko; kusang; aventura fem. abentura; an exci- kusa; started, operated, or regu- ting or extraordinary event lated by a process or mechanism aventurero mas. kakaibang; may without human intervention bentaha autonomía awtonomya; political avergonzado napahiya at nalito; independence and self-government feeling full of shame autopsia awtopsya; pagkamatay; avestruz mas. ostrich; a two-toed the medical examination of a dead fast-running bird with a long bare body in order to establish the neck and is the largest living bird cause and circumstances of death aviación fem. abiasyon; agham ng autor m manunulat; mangangatha pagpapalipad ng eroplano autoridad fem. awtoridad; kapang- aviador mas. abyador; manlilipad; yarihan the right or power to en- piloto; Taong nagpapalipad ng force rules or give orders eroplano autorizar kapangyarihan; pagbibi- ávido masarili; kasakiman; sakim; gay; confirm power or permission having an overwhelming desire to autovia fem. maluwang na lansa- have more of something ngang sadya para sa matuling bi- avión mas. eroplano; engine-driven biyahe flying vehicle avión de combate auxiliar dapat, a verb that is used eroplano ng hukbong-pang; him- with another verb to indicate per- papawid avió a chorro, avión a reacción jet plane avión de tra- 75

badén

vesía air liner ayunar ayuno; panahon ng ayuno aeronáutico eronautika; Karunun- f fasting, and self-denial gan hingil sa pagpapapalipad ng ayuntamiento mubisipyo; gusali sa eroplano bayan na katatagpuan sa tangga- avisado masinop; mapaghanda; pan ng mga opisyal mas. ayunta- planning carefully ahead of time miento sexual talik avisar babala; let someone know azar mas. pagkakataon; pag-asa aviso payo; alisto; somebody's azogue mas. asoge; a poisonous opinion about what another person heavy silver-white metallic ele- should do ment that is liquid at room tem- avispa fem. putaki; striped black- perature. Source: cinnabar. Use: and-yellow stinging insect thermometers, barometers, phar- avispón imbubuyog; a large sting- maceuticals, dental fillings, lamps. ing wasp mas. Symbol Hg axila kilikili; hollow under arm azotar humagupit; igapos; to strike ¡ay! Aray! an exclamation used to a person or animal repeatedly with express sudden pain a flexible rod, length of rope aya fem. yaya; somebody employ- azúcar mas. at fem. asukal ¿cuán- ed to care for children tas charadas de azúcar? Gaano ¡ay, Dios mio! Ano ba ‘yan! expre- karaming mga charades ng asukal? sses surprise, confusion or irrita- ¿ lleva azúcar? may ba asukal? tion azufre mas. asubre; a nonmetallic ayer kahapon; day before today yellow element that occurs alone ayuda fem. tulong; assist some- in nature or combined in sulfide body and sulfate minerals. Use: manu- ayudante mas. katulong; asistan- facture of sulfuric acid, matches, te; somebody who works to s.b. fungicides, and gunpowder. else's instructions Symbol S azul mas. asul; bughaw azulado maasul azul celeste kulay-langit B baba fem. uhog, dura; laway; lum- bachillerato a degree awarded on ura; to allow saliva or a liquid to the successful completion of an run from the mouth undergraduate course at a college babaza fem. kalaghala; slimy se- or university mas. cretion bacía mankok ng babero fem. babear ilaway; maglaway; to let bacilo bakteriya; basilo; an aerobic, liquid run out from the mouth rod-shaped, spore-producing bac- babero babero; a small piece of terium mas. material fastened under a child's bacteria bakteriya; basilo; a single- chin to protect the clothing while celled, often parasitic microorga- eating mas. nism without distinct nuclei or babor pantalan; daugan mas. the organized cell structures fem. left-hand side of a boat bacteriología bakteriolohiya; the babosa lintang-kati; mollusk with- scientific study of bacteria fem. out shell fem. bacteriólogo bakteriolohista mas. bacalao mas. bakalaw; a saltwater badana balak ng tupa fish that has three dorsal fins and badén malalim na kanal o tubig- slender feelers daluyan na nabuo ng malakas na 76 badil

bagsak ng ulan stammer badil pala ng apoy mas. fire shovel balcón balkonahe; asotea mas. a bagaje abasto; bagahe; daladala- platform projecting from the in- han mas. suitcases and bags, ang terior or exterior wall of a building mga maleta) ¿Puedo dejar mi baldar salanta; baldado; cripple; bagaje aquí? Maaari ko bang term for somebody whose use of a ilagay ang bagahe ko dito? limb or limbs is impaired bahía look; curved inlet of sea fem. balde mas. timba; balde de balde bailarina baylarina, a woman ballet para sa libre en balde sa libre dancer baldonar manghamak; mangin- baile sayaw bailarín mananayaw sulto; baldón insulto; paghamak Ya no les gusta bailar. hindi nila baldosa tisa fem. baldosado sa- gusto sa sayaw. hig ng tisa; tiled floor bajada dahilig; talibis fem. baliza boya; Katangiang lumutang bajamar dahanan; kati bajar baba sa tubig. Hindi lumulubog sa tubig. bajío mabawaw South America ka- ballena balyena; dambuhala; bu- patagan; low-lying or flat land mas tanding ballenera balyenahista bajo baba; ibaba; ilalim; preposi- balón malaking bola balompié put- tion used to express the concept bol baloncesto baskitbol of being beneath or below some- balsa fem. balsa; logs or boards thing debajo de, bajo de sa/nasa fastened together to make a ibaba/ilalim ng bajo el agua sa floating platform ilalim ng tubig bajo de cuerpo bálsamo balato; balsamo; paban- mababang katawan por lo bajo go; pampaginhawa ng kalamnan o lihim, hindi bababa sa kalooban mas. oily plant substance bajón mas. pagbagsak, paglagpak, bambú kawayan; the strong hol- the failure or ruin of a previously low stems of a tropical plant mas. successful person, group, or or- banana f saging banano puno ng ganization saging fem. bala bala; punglo como una bala bañarse maligo ir a bañarse pu- parang barilan balaceo pamamaril punta sa maligo balazo sukat na bala, pagbaril banasta malaking buslo mas. 1 bala de cañón cannonball South banca fem. salumpwed; a long America ni a bala sa ilalim ng wa- backless seat 2 lang mga pangyayari como una banca bangko; business offering bala parang tira financial services banca electró- balada balada; a song telling a nica home banking story in a traditional style fem. bancarrota fem. bangkarote; lugi; balance mas. balanse; steady state the state of having been legally on narrow base balance de pa- declared bankrupt ir a la quiebra gos balance of payments balanse ay bangkarote, become bankrupt ng mga pagbabayad banco bangko cuenta bancaria balancear umuguy-ugoy; lumawit- salapi na nakadeposito sa bangko lawit; bumitin;bitin; to hang loose- saldo bancario balanse ng bang- ly and sway ko banco de ahorros savings- balanza kilohan; timbangan fem. bank a weighing machine Banco Central Europeo European balbucear Magsalita nang pautal. Central Bank banco de datos balbuceo mas. pagkautal; speak database banco en casa home with hesitations and repetitions banking Banco Europeo de In- balbucir mautal; uutal; speak with versión European Investment Bank 77

base banda f banda; musicians playing barco de vela Bangkang may together; strip or loop of material laylay enviar por barco sasama bandera bandila; watawat; bande- ng bapor barca de pesca, barca ra bandera de parlamento flag pesquera barko ng mangisda of truce, white flag bandila ng pa- barquero bankero hinga ng labanan, puting bandila barómetro barometro; instrumento bandido bandido; tulisan mas. sa pagkuha ng panahon mas. bando pagpapahayag, pagbabawal mas. wapols; a thicklight bandos tawag sa kasal, marriage pancake, crisp on the outside banns barra 1 bara; baras na bakal; kabi- baño mas. banyo darse or tomar lya; a length of metal, wood, or un baño maligo, bigyan o kumuha other solid material ng paliguan ir al baño pupunta sa barra 2 fem. bara; a slash is used banyo ¿Donde esta el baño? Sa- between optional or alternate ele- an ang banyo? ments A slash (/)—also called a banqueta bangkito; a simple seat forward slash or solidus—is usually with three or four legs and no back used to connect two related words or armrests fem. or numbers. banquete bangkete; an elaborate barraca fem. kubo; barungbarong formal meal attended by many barranco mas. bangin; a deep nar- guests often held in honor of a row valley, especially one formed person mas. by running water bar kabilya, inuman; a place where barrendero mas. kaminero; road alcoholic drinks can be bought and sweeper drunk mas. barrear sagabal; salabid barrica- baraja fem. baraha; card games da hadlang; harang barandilla gabay; biranda fem. a barrer walisin; nagwawalis; mag- rail to hold with the hand for sup- walis port barrica fem. bombo; dram; kan- baratillo galing sa iba; second- lang; a cylindrical container with a hand goods; second-hand shop flat top and bottom, used to store barato mura baratear sobrang liquids mura baratía murahin de barato barriga fem. tiyan; middle part of para sa wala o para sa libre eso the body es barato mura yan barril mas. bombo; dram; kan- baratura fem. pagkamumura lang; a cylindrical container with a 1 barba fem. balbas; the hair on a flat top and bottom, used to store man's chin imberbe walang bal- liquids bas; beardless hacer la barba a barrizal mas. putikan; muddy place ahitin; magahit barro putik barroso maputik 2 barba fem. baba; the part of the barro mas. putikan; putik na mala- face below the lips pot bárbaro barbaro barbero barbero barros plural mga palayok barbería barberiya barrote mas. barang bakal barbacoa inihaw asar en la par- barruntar magpalagay; manungkol rilla mag-ihaw o iihaw sa parilya bascula fem. baskula; kilohan; tim- barbilla baba; the part of the face bangan; a weighing machine below the lips fem. base fem. batayan; saligan; main barcaza gabara mas. supporting element estar desti- barco mas. bapor barco cisterna nado en salig base aérea sen- tanker barco de guerra Bapor tro ng operasyon ng hukbong pangdigma. Bapor panggiyera 78 básico

panghimpapawid base naval para bebé sanggol mas. a very young sa hukbong-dagat child básico batayan básicamente sa- beber inom bebida inumin un va- ligan; at the base of; fundamental so de ... isang baso ng ...bebida basílica basilika; malaking simba- alcohólica inumin ng alak be- han; large Christian church fem. bido malainibay basquear pakiramdam maysakit becerro bisiro; bulo; guya mas. basta sapat (to the required de- befo labi mas. either of two fleshy gree or extent) folds around the mouth leer en ¡Basta! Magtigil ka! Itigil mo na! los labios babasa ng mga labi bastante tamana; mahanga; sapat beldad fem. Magandang dalaga ng mas maraming bilang ay kina- beligerante bansa o taong nakiki- kailangan bastante bueno mahu- gigma mas. at fem. aggressive say belleza fem. ganda; a beautiful bastardo mas. bastardo; anak sa woman or girl labas bencina fem. gasolina; automobile basto 1 maalon; malundag; bastos fuel (gasolina fem.) basto 2 mas. bastos na tao; a ill- bendición fem. basbas; bendisyon; mannered person (grosero mas.) prayer asking for God's blessing bastón 1 pilay bastonazo lumakad bendecir basbasan ¡que Dios te nang papilay-pilay bendiga! Piskan! echar la bendi- bastón 2 tungkot; a cane or stick ción bigyan ang basbas bendici- used to assist in walking mas. ones nupciales pangkasal na basura fem. basura; dumi; wasto bendisyon cubo de la basura basurahan; beneficio mas. benepisyo, pakina- dumihan basurero basurero bang; something that has a good basura orgánica organik na basura effect or promotes well-being batalla fem. digmaan; tagpuan; a beneficiario (-a) mas. (fem.) ang large-scale fight between armed nakinabang; tagapakinabang; a forces campo de batalla lugar ng person who receive a benefit digmaan acorazado Bapor pang- beodo lasing; boratso; lango digma. Bapor panggiyera berenjena talong; a large fruit with batata matamis na patata fem. shiny purple skin fem. batería batariya; a number of con- berrinche poot; pag-aalboroto nected electric cells that produce a berza repulyo; a roundish head of direct current fem. batería de closely layered green, white, or cocina kagamitan sa kusina red leaves, eaten raw or cooked as batirse laban; away; babag; to use a vegetable fem. violent physical besar halik; halikan; humalik be- bautismo mas. baptismo; binyag; sar la mano, besar los pies ka- rite of purification bautizar bin- may na halik, halikan ang mga paa yagan beso mas. halik; caress with lips baya fem. bery; a small juicy or bestia f. napakahayop bestia de fleshy fruit carga hayop na pantrabaho bayoneta fem. bayoneta; blade fit- betún bitumen; a sticky mixture of ted to rifle hydrocarbons found in substances bayuca kabilya mas. Cen. America such as asphalt and tar. Source: bazo mas. pali; a ductless vascular petroleum mas. organ in the left upper ab domen Biblia Biblia; biblyia; Banal na ka- that destroy old red blood cells, sulatan. Christian holy book saber form lymphocytes, and store blood la Biblia alam lahat bíblico bibli- ko; relating to the Bible 79

blasfemia bibliografía bibliograpya; a list of physiology, chemistry, and inter- books and articles on a subject actions fem. biólogo haynaya- biblioteca aklatan; laybrari biblio- non mas. teca de consulta reference library biopsia fem. bayopsya; the remo- bibliotecaria laybariyan val of a sample of tissue from a bicho surot; small animal, insect living person for laboratory exami- South America pusa Mexico mas. nation biceps mas. dagadagaan; a muscle birlocha saranggola; bulador; gur- in the upper arm yon; toy for flying fem. bicho mas. hayop (animal mas. ali- bis makalawa; dalawang beses; pa- maña fem.) ulitulit; extra or repeated perfor- bicicleta f. bisikleta ir en bicicleta mance; humiling na bumal¡k sa ride a bicycle sumakay ng bisikleta pagganap ¡bis¡ encore! Muli! bien mabuti; mahusay, painda; pa- bisabuela fem. nakakamanghang; ninda mi bien aking mahal the mother of your grandmother or bienvenida mabuhay! grandfather bienvenido mabuhay; salubong bisabuelo mas. nakakamanghang ¡bienvenido! Walang anuman! lolo; the father of your grand- bigamia fem. bigamiya; dalawang mother or grandfather ang asawa bígamo bigamo bisagra fem. bisagra; a movable bigote mas. bigote; misay; hair on joint to fasten two things the upper lip bigotudo with a big bisar ulit; paulit; paulit-ulit; say moustache may isang malaking something again bigote bisexual langanin alanganin; may bilis fem. apdo; a yellowish green hilig sa babae at lalaki fluid produced in the liver, stored bisiesto taon bisiyesto; a year with in the gallbladder, and passed an extra day, February 29, added through ducts to the small intes- to make up the difference between tine, where it plays an essential the 365-day calendar and the ac- role in emulsifying fats tual duration of the Earth's orbit of billar bilya; game of hitting balls the Sun with cue mas. bisnieto akakamanghang apo; a billete mas. tiket billete de banco son of your grandchild mas. tuka billete amoroso pag-ibig na bisoña baguhan; bagito; somebody sulat billete de ida y vuelta re- who lacks experience fem. turn ticket bizarría kagitingan; mapitagan billón bilyon fem. one thousand bizarro kakaiba, matapang million; written as 1 followed by bizco banlag; have eyes not looking nine zeros in parallel (estrábica) biodegradable nabubulok; made of bizcocho mas. rusk, dry or substances that will decay rela- piece of twice-baked bread tively quickly as a result of the blanco puti blanko tengo la men- action of bacteria and break down te en blanco aking isip ay blanko into elements such as carbon that clara puti ng itlog en blanco y are recycled naturally negro sa puti at itim blanco del biografía talambuhay; an account ojo puti ng mata blancura kapu- of somebody's life written or pro- tian duced by another person fem. blando malambot blandura palam- biología bayologi; haynayan; the bot; softness; flattering words science that deals with all forms of bloqueo harang; preno (kotse) life, including their classification, blasfemia f kalaswaan, Lumapas- 80 bloque

tangan sa diyos. kawalang pitagan across water by using oars sa diyos o sa sagradong bagay bogavante mas. ulang; a hard- bloque mas. tipak; a large solid shelled sea crustacean with a pair piece of a hard substance, usually of large pincers with flat sides boicot mas. bumuykoteo; lumayo; blusa blusa; a woman's shirt fem. to cease or refuse to deal with bobada fem. istupioso, lack of in- something such as a company as telligence, perception, or common a protest against it to become sense more acceptable bóbilis libre de bóbilis bóbilis boicotear bumuykoteo; lumayo para sa wala; for nothing bola fem. bola bola de seguimi- bobina fem. ikiran; cylinder on ento trackball which something is wound bobi- bolada hagis; send something from nar natapon; sumuray; to wind hand something on a spool bolígrafo bolpen; a pen with a bobo banday; tonton; tanga; idi- small rotating ball mas. yota; tanga; istupido, bobo bollera panadero bollería panader- boca fem. bibig callarse tahimik ya; pastry shop, bakery ang bibig mo Abra la boca. Buk- bollo m biskuwit; muffin, bun, roll san ang iyong bibig. bolsa fem. bolsa de bolsa bolisista boca abajo patiwarik; baligtad Este es mi bolsa. bolsa ko ito boca de incendios boka-inseridi- bolsillo bulsa de bolsillo bulsa-laki yo; water source in street fem. bolsista bolista; commercial agent boca de riego boka-inseridiyo; mandukot South America mas. water source in the street bolso kalupi; bolso; bag for carry- bocadillo sanwits; meat or cheese ing everyday belongings mas. etc. roll, sandwich bomba fem. bomba con bomba bi- bocado samuol; a mouthful nomba bombardear manganyon bocaza Pagpupulong tungkol sa bu- bombero m bombero parque de hay ng iba. bomberos istasyong ng bombero bochornoso alinsangan; sultry cuerpo de bomberos brigadang bocina 1 fem. busina; noise-making mga bombero bombear bomba- warning device bocinar bubusinar hin bocina 2 fem. sungay; a brass bombilla bombilya; glass sphere musical instrument with filament producing light fem. boda fem. kasal matrimonio kasa- bombin fem. sombrero lan madrina de boda abay casa- bombo mas. malaking tambol miento pakasal pagiisang dibdib bombón m kendi; small confections embragar may kasunduang pa- bondad fem. pagkamamabait te- kasal bodas de oro boda- de oro ner la bondad de maawain; ma- bodas de plata boda de plata habagin 1 bodega Bodega sa ilalim ng lupa. bonito ganda; maganda; kariktan 2 bodegón murang restaurant mas. bonito hasa-hasa; bonito; a game bofe 1 mas. baga; respiratory or- fish relating to tuna gan bonida fem. taeng baka bofe 1 mas. nakakasora Central boquiabierto nganga; Pagbuka ng America completely unacceptable bibig. open-mouthed or disgraceful borbollar kulo; magkulo; heat to or bofeton mas. sumampal; tumam- reach boiling point pal; sampal, sampal sa mukha bordado pananahi; making deco- boga(r) hanay; to propel a boat rative needlework mas. bordar magburda; do decorative 81

brillante

needlework bordado pagbuburda; of an animal to prevent it from the craft of using needlework to opening its mouth make decorative designs bracero m. trabahador; unskilled borde talim; gilid; bingit mas. braga 1 fem. slip; a light sleeveless borrachera lasing; boratso; lango woman's undergarment borrasca unos; bagyo; mahangin braga 2 lubit; tali; strong cord fem. borrascoso napakahangin bragazas Taong mahina ang loob; borracho boratso; lasing; lango kontrolada ng asawa mas. borrar bora; kumaltas; eliminate bramante mas. estambre; habin somethingto; remove written brandi mas. Brandy; a liquor that borrega batang tupa; kordero fem. is distilled from the fermented borrica asno; buriko fem. a small juice of grapes or other fruit domesticated member of the horse branquia fem. hasang; breathing borroso putik; maputik; full of, co- organ of fish vered in, or dirtied with mud brasa baga; live coal fem. borrón kapol; blot, smudge bravear malaking salita, talk big borujo mga hamak na tao mas. bravo 1 mabuti ¡bravo! Palakpak- bosque gubat; kagubatan mas. an! bostezo humikap bostezar hikab bravo 2 bida; matapang; tapang bota bapor; lalagyan fem. botas brazo mas. braso; bisig; a limb plural de campaña a knee-length attached to the shoulder of the boot with a band of differently human body abrazar yakap abra- colored leather around the top zo yakapin brazado pangko asi- botánica botanika, karunungan dos del brazo braso sa braso tungkol sa mga halaman mas. brazo de mar braso ng dagat con 1 bote lata; metal container with los brazos abiertos may bukas replaceable lid na braso 2 bote kulungan; bilangguan Mexico brazalete pulseras; jewelry worn 3 bote bapor; lalagyan bote de pa- around wrist mas. so tawiran sa ilog; Bangkang pan- brea fem. tarik, a dark sticky sub- tawid. bote de salvamento life- stance obtained from tar and used boat in the building trades, especially botella f bote botella de Leiden for waterproofing roofs garapon fem. brebaje pinaghalo; a liquid to be botica parmasiya fem. boticaria drunk that is medicinal mas. drogista mas. at fem. brécol(es) mas. brokoli; edible flo- botiquín mas. dibdib; the part of wer head the body between the neck and breve maigsi; maikli; having little the stomach botiquín de emer- or relatively little length gencia kit para sa pangunang lu- brevedad fem. pagkaigsi; short- nas ness; brevity botón mas. butones botón de ca- brezal mas. sukalan; shrubby un- misa butones ng kamisa botón de cultivated land puerta busol bribón mas. butangero; maton; tu- boxeador boksingero boxeo bok- ligsan; somebody acting illegally sing brigada fem. brigada; military unit boya boya; palutang; Katang-iang brillante 1 talino; matalino figurati- lumutang sa tubig. Hindi lumulu- vely nagkukurap; makintad; mali- bog sa tubig. a floating signal f. wanag adjective 1 bozal busalan; hilaw; not cooked brillante 2 mas. talino; intelligent or 2 bozal busal; a device that is talented strapped over the nose and jaws 82 brillar brillar makintad; maliwanag growth or mass of body cells, brillo lumiliwanag; sinag brillar si- which may be malignant or benign nagan; to give out light and has no physiological function brincar lumukso brinco lumundag bucal ng bibig; oral, of the mouth brindis Brindis! Itaas mo! Kampay! buceador mas. –a fem. maninisid; brisa sariwang; simoy; light to somebody who goes under the moderate wind fem. surface of water buceo sisid brocha f. suklay (para sa pintura) submarinismo sumisid broche tirante; ornament pinned to bueno ganda; maganda buenas clothes mas. noches Magandang gabi! buenos broma fem. biro; siste en broma días Magandang umaga/araw! biruan bromas aparte biruin ga- buenaventura masuwerte ¡ésa sí star una broma a laro tayo ng que es buena! that's a good one! biruan estar de buenas be in a good bronce m bronse; a hard yellowish mood ¡bueno! Ayos diba! Ayos! brown alloy of copper and tin, buey mas. kapong baka; an un- sometimes containing small castrated adult male of any breed amounts of other metals mas. of domestic cattle or other bovine broquel mas. panangga; kalasag; a animal flat or convex piece of armor car- búfalo karabao; Asian water buffalo ried on the arm broquelarse ka- bufete mas. pupitre; table used for lasag ang sarili work; mirienda ( South Amerika) bronquitis fem. brongkitis; inflam- bufón nakakasaya bufona maskot; mation of the mucous membrane payaso; bumbling person in the airways bronchial tubes of búho m kuwago; taon namumuhay the lungs, resulting from infection nang tahimik at mag-isa; ermi- or irritation and causing breathing tanyo mas. unsociable person problems and severe coughing buitre buwitre; ibong kumakain ng bruja 1 bruha; mangkukulam some- bulok na laman; taong masiba na body, especially a woman, who is naninila ng kapwa mas. supposed to have magical or bujía kandila candelero kandelero wonder-working powers bruje- bulimia fem. bulimiya a condition ría panggagaway sortilegio sum- in which bouts of overeating are pain; engantihin; spell, charm followed by undereating, use of bruja 2 fem. kuwago; night-hunting laxatives, or self-induced vomit- bird with hooting call ing brújula kompas; aguhon; a device buque mas. bapor enviar por for finding directions, usually with buque ipadala sa pamamagitan ng a magnetized needle that auto- barko buque de vela, buque ve- matically swings to magnetic north lero bangka may laylay buque- bruma fem. dagim; ulap brumoso escuela training ship buque maulap; with a lot of mist stangue tanker buque (de) va- brusco bigla; happening quickly por steam-ship buque de guerra and unexpectedly; matigtig; ma- Bapor pangdigma. Bapor panggi- liglig; maalog; with jerks yera brutal malahayap; malupi; extre- burbuja bula; thin globe-shaped mely ruthless or cruel air-filled film fem. búa tigyawat; tagihawat; granito; burdel bahay ng mga puta/pokpok a small inflamed or pus-filled spot a place where people pay to have on the skin fem. sexual intercourse with prostitutes buba fem. tuntong; an uncontrolled burgués Mga taong nakaluluwag sa buhay. mas. middle-class 83

cable burlas panunuya; pagkutya fem. paghahanap burlonamente patuya; larol tayo butaca butaka; chair with armrests ng biruan; joking, bantering buzo maninisid; somebody who burro mas. asno; buriko burro de dives in water mas. carga taong matakaw para sa tra- buzón mas. buson echar al buzón baho post mail buzón electrónico búsqueda fem. hanap; mangang- mailbox aso; mamaril byte byte; a group of eight bits of búsqueda hanapin búsqueda en computer information, represen- el texto entero buong-tekstong ting a unit of data such as a num- ber or letter

C cabal tama; eksakto; tapos exact, irrelevant, quite off the point vello right finished, complete, consum- ang mga buhok ng katawan pe- mate luquero mangungupit; mangun- cabalgar sakay; ride on horseback gulot peludo mabalahibo de pelo caballa hasahasa; a bony oily fish gupit sin pelo walang buhok Te with a greenish blue body fem. cortaste el pelo. Ikaw ay nag- caballada manlilinlang; dayain; pagupit. Necesitas urgentemen- something unfair or dishonest that te un corte de pelo ikaw ay kai- is done to gain an advantage langan isang pagupit caballejo pony; any breed of small caber posible; maaari; bagay; ang- horse mas. kop; akma ¿cabemos todos? caballería kabalyeriya; soldiers on May lugar ba para sa ating lahat? horseback fem. no cabe más ito ay ang limitado caballero kabalero; medieval sold- caber a mangyari sa cabe pre- ier of high rank mas. guntar si ang isa ay maaaring caballeroso galante; maginoo; re- magtanong kung lating to knighthood code cabeza ulo a la cabeza de sa ulo caballito de mar kabayo ng dagat ng Tengo dolor de cabeza. Aking caballitos umiikot na sakayang ulo ay masakit. alzar la cabeza mga kabayong kahoy sa karnebal; get on one's feet again meterse kasangkapang umiikot na tagadala de cabeza en plunge into metér- caballo kabayo a caballo likod ng sele a uno en la cabeza get kabayo herradura bakal ng ka- something into one's head perder bayo jinete mas. mangabayo la cabeza lose one's head rom- cabaña dampa; kubo cabaña de perse la cabeza rack one's brains madera log cabin; a simple house cabezal unan; cushion for head in made with logs bed mas. cabaret kabaret; akdang pampani- cabezada idlip echar una cabe- tikan na naglalalantad sa mga zada may isang idlip pang-aabuso at masasamang gawi cabida lugar; kapasiti; room fem. sa pamamagitan ng panguuyam o cabildear bulwagan; entrance hall panunuya mas. cabildo kapitulo; kananata mas. cabello buhok cabelludo mabala- cabina kamarote; small room on hibo cabello merino thick curly ship cabina de teléfono, cabina hair asirse de un cabello use any telefónica telephone box excuse traído por los cabellos cable kabel; strong rope or wire 84 cabo cabo 1 wakas al (fin y al) cabo sa enfermar, caer enfermo magka- wakas cabo suelto maluwag na kasakit dulo dar cabo isang tapusin off café m kape cafetera kapetera ca- dar cabo de tapusin, lagyan ng fétería kapetirya un café isang katapusan llevar a cabo nagdala tasang kape café con leche kape ng isang bagay sasama gatas café solo itim na cabo 2 lungos; a point of land that kape cafeína kapeina cafetal ta- juts out into water niman ng kape cafetalero kape- cabra babaeng kambing cabrero talhero cafetear magkakape café- grupong mga kabing cabrío lala- tera kapetera king kambing caída hulog; nalaglag; mahuluga; cacahuete mani; oily edible seed bumaksak; lumagpak; taglagas cacao kokwa; an unsweetened caído huhulog; tulo brown powder made from roasted caimán buwaya; large reptile mas. and ground cocoa beans mas. caja fem. kaha; a container for ob- cacería barilan; pamamaril fem. jects caja (de caudales) kaha ca- cacerola kawali (para sa kulo) jera kahera cajeta maliit na kaha cacha manobela; sungay South cajetilla balut; balutan fem. America hasta las cachas hang- cajón mas. kahon ng mesa; a box gang sa sukdulan with handles to slide in and out of cacharro palayok cacharros pala- a table yukan mas. made of baked clay cal fem. apog; limon; a white cry- cachazudo matamlay; mahinahon stalline powder. Use: manufacture cachete bigwasan cachetina sunt- of steel and glass, refining of alu- kan; a fight in which bare fists minum, copper, and zinc, Formula: cachorro tuta; a dog under a year CaO calera tibagan ng apog; lime- old mas. stone quarry cal apagado slaked cactus kaktos; spiky desert plant lime cal viva quicklime cada bawat; kada; tuwing siempre cala palaisdaan; an area of sea tuwina cada vez que tuwi cada 2 where a country has the right to semanas bawat 2 linggo cada fish fem. cual, cada uno lahat mga tao calabaza kalabasa; large orange Va a Manila cada mes. Pumu- fruit fem. punta siya sa Maynila bawat bu- calabazada bigwasan ( sa ulo) fem wan. toda mujer bawa’t babae calabozo selda; munting silid cár- cada una de las mujeres bawa’t cel piitan mas. isa sa mga babae cada uno de calabacin mas. kalabasín; a small ellos bawa’t isa sa kanila cada summer squash that is shaped like uno de estos bawa’t isa sa mga a cucumber ito cada hora kada oras cada calabaza fem. kalabasa; a round días kada araw cada mes kada large fruit with a thick orange- buwan cada año kada taon skinned rind cadáver bangkay; a dead body, caladero mas. palaisdaan; area especially one that is to be dis- where country can fish sected mas. calamar kurita; pusit; mollusk with cadena kadena; series of joined ten arms mas. metal rings fem. calambre mas. pulikat; kalambre; cadera pigi; balakang; side of body a painful muscle contraction retor- below waist fem. cijón pulikat ng sikmura tengo cadete m kadete; military trainee calambres may pulikat caerse hulog; mabuwal; nalaglag calamidad fem. kalamidad; saku- na; a disastrous situation or event 85

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es una calamidad ito ay isang caligrafía sulat nang kamay; skill mahusay na awa of handwriting fem. calavera bungo; bony part of head calina fem. dagim; a thin fog calceta fem. medyas; covering for cáliz mas. kalise;a metal drinking woman's leg cup or goblet calcetín m medyas; foot covering callado tahimik; silensio ¡calla!, calcina konkreto; a mixture of ce- ¡cállate! Tahimik ang bibig mo! ment, sand, aggregate, and water callar tago; to hold or maintain in specific proportions that hard- s.th. in your possession callarse; ens to a strong stony consistency ¡calla! ¡cállate! ikulong! over varying lengths of time fem. calle fem. daan; kayle calle de calcio mas. kalsiyum; a soft silvery dirección única one-way na kalye white element that is an alkaline calle mayor main street panguna- earth metal constituting about hing kalye three percent of the Earth's crust. callejón mas. eskinita; makipot na cálculo kalkula cálculo diferencial daan; kalehon; a narrow back kaugalian kalkulus mas. street callejón sin salida cul-de- caldear mainit estar caldeado sac; di maraanan; isang putol na sobrang init caldera kaldero; ta- eskina kore caldearse mag-init na labis calma fem. humiga; kalmado cal- calderilla ang mga suki; exchange mar huminahon calmarse kal- money for smaller units mado; become less anxious ay mas caldillo kaldilo; sauce for fricasse mababa balisa Mexico meat bits in broth calzada f maluwang na lansangang caldo kaldo; flavorful soup caldos sadya para sa matuling bibiyahe liquid derived from fruit etc. mas. caoba kamagong; reddish brown calefacción fem. pag-init, equip- hardwood fem. ment that creates heat calefac- caloría kalorya; a unit of energy ción central central heating equal to 4.1855 joules, originally calendario m kalendaryo; chart of defined as the quantity of heat year hacer calendarios required to raise the temperature calentador hurnuan calentamien- of 1 g of pure water by 1º C fem. to global pag-iinit ng mundo mas. calumnia fem. paninirang-puri; the calentura lagnat; kagalitan; ang- act or offense of saying something gulo; poot Colombia fem. false or malicious that damages calibre kalibre; the internal dia- somebody's reputation meter of a pipe, cylinder, or the calumniador mapanirang-puri barrel of a firearm mas. caluroso init demasiado caluroso calidad kalidad; the general stan- sobrang init hace calor mainit dard or grade of something fem. na calido init; mainit; at a high, rela- calva kalbo; upaw mas. panot cal- tively high, or very high tempe- vicie may kalbo; baldness rature calzada maluwang na lansangang caliente init demasiado caliente sadya para sa matuling bibiyahe sobrang init cálido mainit calzar suot; gumamit calzarse calificación fm. katangihan, kaka- isinusuot; ginagamit yahan a skill, quality, or attribute calzón mas. kalson; pantalon; sala- that makes somebody suitable for wal a job, activity, or task estar bien calzonazos mas. kontrolada nang cualificado para un trabajo ca- asawa; Taong mahina ang loob. lificación pagkamarapat califi- calzoncillos kalsunsilyo; kamison; cado bagay; angkop; may kaya 86 cama

pantano mas. pl. item of clothing for the upper part cama f hingan; kama ir a la cama of the body pupunta sa kama aún está en la camiseta fem. kamiseta; saliko; cama nasa kama siya ropa de sleeveless and collarless waist- cama kubrekama manta kumot length garment camada fem. kamada; mga tuta; a camisón payama; sleeping clothes group of young animals born at campamento m kampo campista the same time from the same kamper acampada pamasyal na mother behikulo na may espasyo para sa camaleón mas. hunyango; a lizard pagtulog at mga simpleng gamit that changes color na pangkusina o pambahay cam- cámara 1 fem. kamara; a device for pus kampos taking photographs campaña kampaya fem. campa- cámara 2 fem. kuwarto; silid-tulu- nario kampanaryo mas. gan; a bedroom campeón panalo; mananalo; su- cámara 3 fem. kamara; kapulung- preme victor in contest mas. an; a legislative chamber campero nasa labas; in the open 1 cámara 4 fem. kamaraote; a small campo kampo; place for tempo- room on a boat or ship rary stay 2 camarera fem. katulong na babae campo probinsiya; lalawigan Vivo sa hotel; kamaerea en el campo. Nakatira ako sa pro- camarero mas. serbidor; tagasilbi binsiya. camarada kapares; kapareha fem. camposanto mas. sementeryo; li- camaró hipon; small ocean crust- bingan; an area of ground in which acean mas. the dead are buried camarote mas. kamarote; a small camuflaje balatkayo; concealment room on a boat or ship of things mas. cambalache mas. tuway; goods in compulsión f pamimilit; dimakat- exchange for goods wirang motibo sa paggawa ng cambio pagbabago, baguin libre isang bagay kahit laban sa kal- cambio malayang kalakalan cam- ooban bio de marchas gear- shift en can mas. aso 1 cambio imbes; sa halip na cana puting buhok echar una ca- camello m kamelyo; desert animal na al aire let one's hair down 2 caminante biyahero mas. caminar caña tambo; tall water plant; pi- biyahe; lakbay; travel, journey lay; lulod; rhum South America camino 1 daan; landas camino de fem. daan sa camino real maluwang canal m kanal; agusan; kanal ang na lansangang sadya para sa ma- malalim na pinagdaraanan ng mga tuling bibiyahe camino de San- bapor sa isang look; malapad na tiago pulong bituin; galaksy; ma- daanan ng tubig sa pagitan ng laking grupo ng mga bituin sa kontinente at isla mas. kalawakan a medio camino kala- canalla fem. mga hamak na tao hating daan de camino bibiyahe canalón mas. bambang; rainwater camino 2 bulaos mas. a track that channel on roof has been worn by the continual cañamiel tubo fem. plant grown as passage of feet source of sugar cañaveral tani- camión 3 trak camionero mama- man ng tubo mas. neho ng trak camión de la basu- canapé sopa; upholstered seat for ra basurang trak mas. several people mas. camisa fem. kamisa; palda; an canario kanaryo; a small yellow songbird of the finch family mas. 87

capitalismo canasta buslo; pangnan; kaing ca- may kulay abo na buhok nastilla maliit buslo fem. canoa fem. galauran; light narrow cancelar kanselado cancelación pointed boat kanselasyon; canceling of s.thing canon mas. regla; an authoritative cáncer kanser; tuntong; a malig- principle set forth to guide beha- nant tumor or growth caused vior or action when cells multiply uncontrollably, canoso may unan buhok destroying healthy tissue mas. cansado pagod; pagal; hapo echo cancerarse may kanser polvo pagod na pagod Estoy muy cancha hukuman, lupa; sahig can- cansada. Ako ay talagang pagod. cha de tenis tennis-court fem. Me voy a dormir ahora. Ma- canciller mas. fem. kansilyer; the tutulog na ako. chief minister of government in cantante manganganta mas. fem some parliamentary democracies cantar mas. kanta; kakanta verb canción fem. awit; kanta canción cantero kantero canción kantahan de cuna oyayi, duyan awit cantidad fem. dami; kuntinidad; an candado kandado; small detach- amount or number of something able lock mas. atestado damihan una gran can- candela kandila fem. candelero tidad de damihan ng kandelero mas. candlestick en cantina fem. kantina candelero sa pansin ng madla caos mas. kagulo; a state of com- candelero mas. kandelero; a tall plete disorder and confusion thin holder for a single candle en caótico napakagulo; completely candelero sa pansin ng madla disordered and out of control candidato kandidato mas. a appli- capacidad fem. kapasiti; abilidad; cant for a job a measure of the amount that can candidatura kanditura fem. kan- be held or contained by something didasya; pagmumungkahi ng kan- capar puhag; basig; kapon; to re- didato move the testicles of a man or cándido maputing-maputi; puti pa- male animal rang yebe; snow-white caparrones a bean and sausage canela sinamon; obtained stew from bark fem. capataz mas. kapatas; a man who cañería tubo; tube for transporting is in charge of a group of liquid or gas cañera tubero fem. other workers cangrejo ulang mas. a freshwater capaz mahusay; kakayahan; hav- crustacean with large claws like ing enough skill or ability to do those of a lobster something well capaz para mahu- canguro kanggaru; a large leaping say para sa marsupial mas. capital 1 kapital; money that can be canica marmol; a form of limestone used to produce further wealth transformed through the heat and capital 2 kapitolyo, kapitolyo o pi- pressure of metamorphism into a nakamahalagang lunsod sa bansa dense, variously colored, crystal- ¿Cuál es la capital de Brasil? lized rock fem. Alín ang punong-lungsod nang canibal kanibal; taong kumakain Brasil? ng kapwa-tao; somebody who eats capitalismo kapitalismo; an eco- human flesh mas. nomic system based on the private canicular taginit; midsummer heat ownership of the means of pro- canje mas. palitan mas. give some- duction and distribution of goods, thing and get something characterized by a free competi- cano may puting buhok canoso 88 capitán

tive market and motivation by an act of laughing profit kapitalista kapitalista mas. cárcel fem. bilangguan prisionero capitán kapitana, Kapitana ng ba- bilanggo hacer prisionero kulugin por na pangkalakal o sa pangin- carcoma bukbok; wood-boring in- gisda. mas. sect fem. capitulación fem. sumuko ayon sa carear mukha sa mukha; pangita kasunduan; declare yourself de- carecer kawalan; kakulangan; lack, feated be in need of capítulo kapitulyo; section of book carencia fem. mangailangan; a capote mas. balabal; kapa; a slee- complete absence of a particular veless outer garment that thing capricho mod; passing impulse careo mas. kompontrasyon; hosti- cápsula 1 fem. kapsula; a small lity without warfare cylindrical soluble container en- careta fem. maskara (carátula) closing a dose of medicine carga fem. karga; kargamento cápsula 2 fem. Panakip ng bote. cargamento karga cargar algo en captura humila; huli ng isda fem. algo kargado mozo kargador re- capullo mas. tilas; the silky cover- cargado punong puno ing with which a caterpillar or caridad fem. kawanggawa; provis- other insect larva encloses itself ion of help hacer la caridad mag- during its transition to an adult bigay ng limos sa state caricatura fem. karikatura; the art cara fem. mukha cara a cara muk- of creating caricatures ha sa mukha; pangita de cara ka- caries tartar; progressive decay of harap; nasa harap padecer una a tooth fem. humillación walang mukhang; cariñoso mas. mapagmahal; mag- ihaharap dar cara a katapat; nasa iliw; feeling or showing affection tapat ng carisma karisma; the ability to in- caracol mas. linta; suso; crawling spire enthusiasm, interest, or af- organism with shell en caracol fection in others by means of per- tribuson mas. de caracol paikot sonal charm or influence fem. carácter tauhan; pagkatao; ugali; caritativo adjective mapagka- mahalagang biswal na simbolo; wanggawa; generous in giving to kakatwang tao mas. the poor caramba sumpain, mapahamak carnaval karnabal; balatkayo; pag- carambola fem. karambola; bang- titipon ng mga nakasuot ng balat- ga; bunggo kayo at/o maskara mas. caramelo karamel; a chewy candy carne fem. karne; laman de carne that can be soft or firm, made with y hueso karne at dugo carne butter, milk, and sugar mas. adobada karneng adobo carne de carátula fem. maskara (máscara) cerdo karneng baboy carne de caravana karawan; Sumama upang cordero karneng batang tupa ipagsanggalang. a group of tra- carne de gallina kinikilabutan; ders, especially in northern Africa kilabot na balat carne de vaca and Asia, crossing the desert to- karneng baka gether for safety, usually with a carnero mas. tupa; a stocky hoov- train of camels fem. ed animal, with ribbed horns caray sumpain, mapahamak cordero mas. batang tupa piel de carbón uling; any small piece of cordero balat/ katag ng tupa combustible material mas. carnet mas. libro ng nota carnet carcajada fem. hilhil; the sound or de identidad kard ng pagkakaki- lanlan carnet de conducir driving 89

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licence, lisensya sa pagmamaneho small case for carrying papers carnicera fem. matansero; some- cártel mas. kartel; monopolya; gru- body who slaughters animals po ng tao o mga bansa na may carnicería fem. patayan o katayan iisang layunin ng mga hayop hacer una carni- cartera fem. bolsa; pitaka; supot; cería de patayan; Walang awang pocket-sized folded case for mo- pagpatay ney carnivoro karniboro; feeding main- carterista mandurukot fem. pick- ly on the flesh of other animals pocket carnoso may karne; malamang cartero mas. kartero; Magdadala caro mahal; dear, beloved, mahal ng sulat. na man; costing a lot muy caro cartografía fem. kartograpiya; the mahal naman Ooh, eso es muy science, skill, or work of making caro! Naku, masayadong mahal! maps Eso es caro, ¿no? Mahal ito, di catedral fem. katedral; panguna- ba? No, no es caro. Hindi mahal hing simbahan ng diyosesis; loka- ito. syon ng trono ng obispo; isang carpeta kartera; paskilan fem. malaking simbahan carpintero mas. karpentero; an- carencia sahol; kawalan kakulan- luwagi; builder of wooden struc- gan; something absent fem. tures carpintería f karpenteriya carnicero mas. kumakatay; feeding carrera karera; takbo fem. corre- mainly on the flesh of other ani- dor takbuhan mas. mals carrete ikiran mas. a cylinder on cartilago mas. litid; kartilago; a which something is wound hilar strong elastic tissue in the body ikirin casa fem. bahay; building in which carretilla fem. karetilya; hand-cart people live; tahanan; tirahan; ho- carretera daan; maluwang na lan- me or dwelling casa del perro sangang sadya para sa matuling bahay ng aso sin casa walang bibiyahe bahay a casa pauwi ir a casa carrillo mas. pisngi; the soft side pupunta sa bahay casa de banca area of the face (mejilla fem.) bangko casa de juego kasino ca- carrizo mas. tambo tall water plant sita maliit na bahay carro mas. kareta; a light vehicle or casada fem. bana; esposa; asawa barrow pushed by hand casado mas. asawa; esposo carroña fem. bangkay; the rotting casamiento mas. magpakasal; ma- flesh of a dead animal kipag-isang dibdib carrusel umiikot na sakayang mga casarse verb magkasal kabayong kahoy sa karnebal; ka- cascada talun; a waterfall or series sangkapang umiikot na tagadala; of waterfalls fem. ng mga maleta at bagahe sa pali- cascarón balat ng itlog (putol) mas paran mas. cascarse lamat; basag; divide 1 carta fem. baraha letra; titik; su- something; burst something lat; liham carta meteorológica case mas. kaukulan; a form of a mapa ng panahon carta geo- noun, pronoun, or adjective that gráfica mapa ng heograpiya car- indicates its syntactic relation to ta de amor sulat ng pag-ibig surrounding words Aquí está la carta. Eto ang casera kasera fem. casero kasera; sulat. somebody who rents out property 2 carta fem. (menú mas.) lista de casi halos; malapit na; manga; ad- platos talaan ng mga putahe verb nearly; not exactly, not yet, cartapacio mas. kartera; paskilan; 90 casino

or not in fact, but very close to in which the lens becomes covered being or happening as described in an opaque film that affects sight, Mario casi se cae. Halos mahu- eventually causing total loss of log si Mario. sight. fem. (kulaba syn.) casino mas. kasino; gambling esta- catarro m trangkaso acatarrarse blishment may trangkaso casita maliit na bahay casa bahay catástrofe sakuna fem. catastró- caso m kaso; usapin; an instance fico malaking sakuna or example of something catedral pangunahing simbahan ng caspa balakubak; scales of dead diyosesis; lokasyon ng trono ng skin on scalp fem. obispo; isang malaking simbahan casquillo mas. saksakan enchufe categoría fem. kategorya; kaurian; saksak; dugtong a group or set of things, people, or castaña kastanyas; an edible nut actions that are classified together that grows inside a prickly husk because of common characteristics castañeta kastanyeta fem. either católico katoliko catolicismo ka- of a pair of small curved pieces of tolisismo mas. hard wood that are joined at the caucho goma; pambura mas. top and used to make a rhythmic caución bawal; napakaingat admi- clicking sound tir a caución admit to bail castellana(o) kastilyana(o) caudillaje pangungulo; pamumuno casticismo mapagdunungdunun- caudillo puno; leader, chief el gan; mapagpasikat ng karunun- Caudillo chief of state gan; palahanap ng mali; palaaral cualquier ano man, kahit na ano palabasa mas. refer to an unspecified or uni- castidad fem. kalinisan; sexually dentified object, phenomenon, faithful action, utterance, or feeling. Diles castigar disiplina; magparusa ca- cualquier cosa. Anuman ang sa- stigo pagpaparusa mas. bihin mo sa kanila. castillo kastilyo; a large fortified cualquiera ang alinmang (tao) ang building or complex of buildings, sinumang kahit na alin (thing) usually with tall solid walls mas. whichever (person) whoever kahit casto malinis; mahinhin (na) sino; no matter which (per- castración fem. pagkakapon; to son) kahit (na) kanino; no matter remove the testicles of a man or who Eso no lo hace cualquiera. male animal, making reproduction Hindi lahat ng tao ginagawa nito. impossible fem. castrar puhag, causa dahilan; sanhi; katwiran; basig; kapon motibo fem. reason; cause casualidad pagkakataon; pag-asa; cautivar makaakit; makabighani; the degree of probability that s.th. makagayuma (fascinar) will happen fem. cava kultibasyon; maglinang fem. catadura fem. magtangka sumu- cavar verb hukayin; the act of dig- bok catar subok; sample, try ging or excavating something catalejo teleskopyo; a device for caverna kaberna; kubeta; malaking making distant objects appear kuweba fem. a large underground nearer and larger by means of cave compound lenses or concave caviar mga itlog ng isda mas. the mirrors mas. salted roe of the sturgeon, eaten catarata 1 talun; river water falling as a delicacy over steep place fem. cavidad f butas; uka; lukap, hollow catarata 2 katarata; an eye disease place caza mamaril cazador mamamaril 91

ceño cazabombardero eroplanong pam- an international metric tempera- bomba; fighter-bomber ture scale on which water freezes cazo tabo; kutsaron; sandok mas. at 0° and boils at 100° under nor- cazuela fem. kasarola; a deep mal atmospheric conditions. heavy cooking pot suitable for use célula fem. selda cárcel celdilla in an oven selda ng bilangguan cebada sebada fem. cereal plant cementerio sementeryo; libingan; with a long head of whiskered pantiyon mas. an area of ground in grains which the dead are buried cebo pain; pagkainin; busugin mas. cemento mas. semento; a fine gray cebolla sibuyas; edible bulb used powder of calcined limestone and as vegetable fem. clay cebollino mas. sebolinyo; a long fi- cena fem. hapunan; the food ser- ne hollow leaf with a strong onion ved for a dinner cenar maghaha- flavor punan cebra sebra; striped animal resem- cenagal mas. putikan; lusak; bala- bling horse fem. ho; an area of wet marshy ground cecear bolol; mautal ceceo utal cenagoso maputik; putik; like mud cecina lukba; dried meat fem. in being cloudy or thick cedazo salangan; panala; bistay cenicero mas. titishan para sigara ceguedad bulag; kabulagan fem. ceniciento kulay abo; maabo ceja fem. kilay; the arched line of ceniza fem. abo; remains of a fire hair above each eye socket que- cenizoso maabo cenicero titishan marse las cejas kraming, burn censo sensus; an official count of a the midnight oil fruncir las cejas population carried out at set in- pagsimangot, knit one's brow tervals mas. cejar balik; babalik; ibalik censor sensor; tagasuri censurar celada tambang; patibong fem. pintas; sensura; mapanuri mas. celador mas. guwardiya ng kulung- centeno isang uri ng butil o grano an; guwardiya; bantay; tanod na gamit sa paggawa ng harina celda selda fem. small enclosed centímetro m sentimetro; a metric structure unit of length equal to one hun- celdilla selda fem. (biolohiya) dredth of a meter. Symbol cm celebraciones kasayahan cele- céntimo sentabo mas. hundredth bración selibrasyon fem. part of a piso célebre bantog; kilalang-kilala; fa- central sentral; nasa gitna central mous and admired de correos pangunahing kawani- celebridad fem. katanyagan; ka- han ng koreo central eléctrica bantugan; the condition of being estasyon ng enerhiya central te- very well known lefónica himpilang-telepono celibato m buhay na walang asawa centro 1 m kalagitnaan centro co- dahil sa panata; matagal na ka- mercial pamilihan; kulong na walan ng pisikal o seksuwal na gusali na katatagpuan ng mga relasyon tindahan; kainan at iba’t bang célibe hindi kasal; buhay na walang panlibang centro turístico pa- asawa dahil sa panata; matagal na hingahan; bakasyunan; lugar na kawalan ng pisikal o seksuwal na maalas pasyalan; liwan-liwan relasyon mas. at fem. centro 2 adv. sa gitna, in the center celos panibugho celoso masikap; en el centro nasa gitna ng masikhay; masipag; masigasid ceño simangot; to show a facial ex- celsius selsiyus; metric tempera- pression of displeasure or concen- ture scale, using or measured on 92 ceñudo

tration by wrinkling the brow newalling echar el cerrojo itrang- ceñudo ngiwian; an expression of ka mo ang pintuan anger certamen paligsahan; kontest mas. cepillo m sipilyo; tool with bristles an activity in which people try to cera fem. pagkit; wax made by win something or do better than bees others ceras plural mga bahay ng pukyu- certero tiyal; piho; sigurado; hav- tan fem. honeycomb ing no doubts about something cerámica keramika; hard fired clay certificación f sertipikasyon; kati- objetos de cerámica ang mga bayan; kalunayan fem. an official keramika fem. document that gives proof of s.th. cerano sarado Las tiendas están cerumen mas. tutuli; a yellowish cerradas por la noche. Las tien- waxy substance secreted by glan- das están cerradas por la noche. ds in the external ear cerca 1 malapit; kalapit; sa di kala- cerveza serbesa fábrica de cerve- yuan; near; close at hand casi za; cerveceria serbesahan fem. malapit na ¿Tienes cerveza fría? Mayroon cerca 2 fem. kulungin, palibutan; kayong serbesa na malamik? Si bakod; a structure erected to en- tenemos. Opo, mayroon. Bien, close an area entonces tomo uno. Sige, cerdo baboy mas. marrana inahing isang lang. Una cerveza más baboy fem. carne de cerdo karne por favor. Isa pang serbesa ng baboy mangyaring. cerebro mas. utak; the organ of cervical leeg; part between head thought and feeling utiliza la ca- and body beza gawa iyong utak lavar el cesante walang trabaho; civil ser- cerebro a baguhin ang paniniwala vant who has been retired mas. sa pamamagitan ng indokrinasyon cesárea fem. sesariyan; an ope- ceremonia seremonya; pagdiri- ration to deliver a baby by cutting wang fem. formal etiquette through the mother's abdomen cereza seresa fem. small round red and womb fruit cerezo puno ng seresa mas. cese pagtigil, the act of stopping cerilla fem. posporo; stick produc- the movement of something cese ing fire de fuego pagtigil sa putukan cero sero; wala empezar de cero césped mas. damuhan; an area of simulan mula sa simula short cultivated grass cerote sera; a moldable substance cesta fem. buslo; pangnan; kaing; ceroso sumera mas. a container made of woven strips cerrado sarado; not open of material cesto malalaking buslo cerradura fem. seradura; susian; cesto de la colada buslo ng da- kandado mit cerrar isara; sara cerrar con mala- cetro mas. setro; a ceremonial pit sa dejar sin cerrar mag-iwan staff, rod, or wand used as an em- bukas blem of a monarch's authority cerrero matapang; mabangis; not chabacano bolgar; magaspang; tame or domesticated; not culti- crude or obscene, particularly with vated regard to sex or bodily functions cerro taas; bundok; burol mas. chabanería kabastusan; a vulgar cerrojo kandano; iron pin used as a state or way of behaving lock; trangka; tarangka; a wooden chabola dampa; kubo fem. or iron bar táctica de cerrojo sto- chacal mabanis na hayop na tila aso o lobo mas. 93

chismorreo cháchara daldal; satsat; dumaldat; chavala batang babae fem. usapang walang saysay; isiwalat chequeo kontrolado mas. South ang lihim nang walang pakundan- America a routine examination or gan inspection chacota saya at laro echar a cha- chica batang babae fem. cota, hacer chacota de tuwa; chicharrón tsisaron, pork rinds es- nakakatawa chacotear may saya tar hechoun chicharrón susunu- chal mas. iskarlata; cloth worn gin sa isang dupong around neck chichón paga; an increase in size chaleco mas. saliko; sleeveless and of part of the body collarless waist-length garment chicle mas. chewing gum champú tsampu hair-cleaning soap chico mas. mailiit; totoy, batang la- chancho mas. Am. baboy laki chanchullero mas. balasubas; chispa tilamsik ng apoy; alipato; a manggagantso; magdaraya; te- small bit of fire; siklap; kislap; ki- kas; manananso; suwitik sap; manilamsik; to send out little chancleta tsinelas; a flat shoe of sparks caen chispas ito ay pag- soft or lightweight material fem. ambon no dar chispa ay maging chantaje pangunguwalta sa kap- lubos na mapurol wa, sa pamamagitan ng panana- chillido tili; loud shrill sound mas. kot chantajear huhuthot chimenea fem. tsimenea; pausuk- chanza siste; biro; dula-dulaang an; structure for venting gas or katatawanan; maiklit mapang- smoke uyam na palabas de chanza sa chimpancé mas. simpantse; a me- biro chanzas plural manukso; dium-sized ape kantiyaw; light teasing remarks fem. tsyna; country in East chapa tsapa ng bakal fem. Asia, the largest in the world by chaparrada lirit mas. a heavy and population sustained fall of rain china insik; somebody from China chaparrón lirit mas. a heavy and chinche fem. surot; small blood- sustained fall of rain sucking insect in bedding chapotear sagwan; mabasa chinela tsinela; a flat shoe of soft chapucero gumawa o sumangkot or lightweight material fem. nang hindi seroso; taong maalam chipiron mas. maliit na pusit magkumpuni ng maliliit na sira; chiquilla fem. kabata; a child or taong mapanira ng kinukumpuni young person la chiquillería ang chaqueta yakit; amerikana; tsaleko mga bata fem. charco lusak; salog; sanaw mas. chiquito maliit; balingkinitan; pat- charla sitsit; Pagpupulong tungkol patin; anak mas. sa buhay ng iba. fem. chirigota fem. biro; siste charlatán madaming; sinasabe; chiringuito mas. miriendahan sa masalita; madaldal mas. labas charnela fem. bisagra; a movable chirona fem. colloquial bilangguan joint to fasten two things estar en chirona kulugin charol barnis; transparent resin chirriar sipo; huni; chirrido siyap; solution mas. hunil; short high-pitched sound chascarrillo m manudyo; akdang chis still sh!, ssh! pampanitikan na naglalalantad sa chisme tsismosa; madaldal; satsat; mga pang-aabuso at masasamang conversation about personal mat- gawi sa pamamagitan ng pang- ters mas. uuyam o panunuya mas. chismorreo magtsimis; manira sa chaval batang lalaki mas. 94 chiste

taikuran to speak of the lives of pahilom; gamutin; heal over, form others behind their back a scar chiste mas. biro; siste; anything ciego bulag; unable to see daltó- said or done to make people laugh nico bulag na kulay mas. ¿Estás en broma biruan bromas aparte ciego? Bulag ka ba ? biruin no veo el chiste Hindi ko cielo langit; region above the Earth makita ang biro caer en el chiste a cielo abierto a cielo abierto sa mahulog sa mga biro gastar una labas Eres un cielo ikaw ay isang broma a laro tayo ng biruan kayamanan chistorra a type of sausage it is ciencia agham; siyensiya; the stu- made of minced pork, or a mixture dy of the physical and natural of minced pork and beef fem. world and phenomena científico chivo lalaking kambing mas. siyentipiko saber a ciencia cierta chocar gulat chocante gulatin alam para sa tiyak, alam para sa chocolate tsokolate chocolatera isang katotohanan kalderong tsokolate fem. cieno mas. putik; dirt that is very chófer mamaneho; somebody em- wet, soft, and gummy ployed to drive a car mas. ciento isang daan; sanggatos choque gulat; banga; banggaan; cierto ilan ciertos ilang, ang ilang karambola choque eléctrico mga por cierto sa katunayan, ti- shock therapy yak chorizo embutido; longganisa; su- ciervo osa; usa; animal typically riso; sausage, salami mas. with antlers mas. chorrada fem. kalokohan; kauluan; cigarrillo mas. sigarilyo kawalang saysay cigüeña fem. tagak; large wading chubasco lirit chubascoso mahan- bird with long legs gin; violent weather cilindro mas. silindro; an object or chucho mas. colloquial aso shape with straight sides and cir- chucrut mas. a German cular ends of equal size dish of shredded cabbage fermen- cima f toktok; taluktok; ituktok ted in its own juice with salt cimera taluktok; the top part of chuleta piraso ng karne; flat, bone- something that slopes or rises less piece of meat fem. upward fem. chupar sipsip; sumusu chupada cimero pinakamataas; highest in sumisip draw liquid out with mouth position, rank, or level chupet mas. tsupon; nipple-shaped cimiento batayan; fundamento; a object that babies suck part of a building, usually below chusma fem. makapal; magulong the ground pulutong ng mga tao; a disorderly cinc sink a bluish white metallic mob; Nagkakagulo ng mga tao. element. Source: calamine, spha- cicatería kuripot; matipid na mati- lerite, franklinite. Use: in alloys pid; not generous in giving or such as brass and German silver, spending money fem. as a protective corrosion-resistant ciática fem. siyatika; pain and ten- coating for other metals, especially derness extending from the back steel and iron. Symbol Zn mas. of the hip down to the calf, usually cincel mas. pait; a tool for cutting caused by a protrusion of verte- and shaping stone bral disk substance pressing on cinco lima; singko the roots of the sciatic nerve cine mas. sinehan; sine; pelikula cicatriz piklat fem. a mark left on cine mudo tahimik na Palabas the skin after a wound cicatrizar cine tridimensional 3-D movies cínica f mangungutya; somebody 95

clerecía

sneering and sarcastic cínico ma- cita 2 fem. tipanan; an appointment panguyam; taong mapangutya to meet somebody for a social or cinismo mapagaglahi; cynical business activity quality or disposition ciudad f bayan; munisipyo; sudad cintura f baywang; the measure- cívico m pag-aaral tungkol sa mga ment around the narrowest part of karapatan at tungkulin ng mga the waist; baywang fem. the body mamamayan mas. area between ribs and hips civil sibil; relating to citizens cinturón mas. sinturon; a strip of civilized sibilisado; develop advan- material worn around the waist ced social culture cinturón de seguridad safetybelt civilización fem. sibilisasyon; a so- cinturón retráctil retractable sa- ciety that has a high level of cultu- fety belt re and social organization circo m sirkos; a group of traveling clamor iyak; to shed tears clamo- entertainers, including clowns, rear umiiyak clamoroso ngak- acrobats mas. ngak circulante daloy; kumalat; to mo- clara puti ng itlog fem. ve freely through a circuit or follow clarearse malinaw; maliwanag; a circular route allowing light to pass through with círculo sirkulo mas. a shape of per- little or no interruption fect hollow ring clarión tisa; powdery white rock circuncidas magtutuli; tuli clarioncillo krayon; labis ng kulay; circuncision f pagtutuli; to remove colored drawing stick mas. all or part of the foreskin from the clarificar mag-ilaw; ilawan; tang- penis lawan; illuminate, light up circundar pumaligid; kumulong; to clarividente manghuhula; some- occupy the space all around some- body who is supposedly able to thing circundante pumagligid; perceive things that are usually enclose something beyond the range of human senses circunferencia fem. abot the dis- claro klaro; malinaw claro, por su- tance around the edge of a circle puesto siyempre claro que no circunstancia pagkakataon; pang- hindi siyempre ¡claro! Sigurado! yayari fem. way s.thing happens ¡claro que sí! siyempre ito ay! ¡ cirio mas. kandila; sasang; a wax pues claro! Ako ay muntik na cylinder providing light sumasang-ayon sa iyo! ciruela f mapintog; a round or oval clase 1 fe. kaklase, compañero de smooth-skinned fruit, usually red clase klase or purple ciruela pasa prune; clase 2 uri; klasa; group of similar dried plum, putulan items fem. cirugia fem. kiruhiya; pag-opera; clavícula balagat; the bone at front pagtistis ; medical treatment that of human shoulder fem. involves operations cirujano mas. clavo mas. pako; short pointed kirurg metal pin clavo de rosca turnilyo ciscar lupa; the top layer of land dar en el clavo pindutin ang kuko colloquial sa ulo mas. cisne mas. sisne; large long-necked clemencia fem. awa; the tendency water bird to show mercy or leniency cisterna sisterna; a tank for storing clemente adj. maawain; mahaba- water fem. gin; showing mercy or compassion 1 cita sulong; tagpuan fem katipan; to somebody an agreement to get married; ar- clerecía fem. klero; mga pari o mi- rangement to meet somebody 96 cliente

nistro ng mga kristiyani clérigo small wheeled carriage for pushing pari an infant cliente mas. fem. klayenti; some- coche fúnebre karo ng patay; a body using professional service vehicle in which a coffin is carried clima klima; panahon; typical wea- cochera garahe; tayler ng mga sa- ther in region fem. sakyan fem. climaterio mas. menopos; the time cochina fem. inahing baboy taboo in a woman's life when menstrua- cochinillo kulig; biik; bulaw mas. tion diminishes and ceases, usually cocido mas. bulanglang; isang kal- between the ages of 45 and 50 dero; a dish of meat, fish, or vege- clínica fem. klínika; ospital; paga- tables, or a combination of them, mutan; a medical center that is cooked by slow simmering clip sipit; gripping device mas. cocina f kusina; hurnohin cocina clitoris mas. klitoris; sensitive fe- horno hurnohan cocinera kusine- male sex organ ra cocina kusinilya soy un buen clon mas. klon a plant, animal, or cocinero, cocino bien mabuting other organism that is genetically kusinera ako identical to its parent, having de- cocido a stew made with different veloped by vegetative reproduc- meats and vegetables mas. tion from a bulb, cutting, or other cocido madrileño chickpea-based part, or, in experimental condi- stew from Madrid mas. 1 . tions, from a single cell coco mas buko; niyog; the fruit of cloro kloro; kimikal na ginagamit the coconut palm 2 sa pagpapalinis ng tubig mas. coco mukha hacer cocos a gum- cloroformo kloropormo; a colorless awa ng mga mukha sa; gumawa sweet-smelling toxic liquid that ng mga mata sa rapidly changes to a vapor and cocotero mas. palma; nipa; tropi- causes unconsciousness if inhaled cal tree with fronds clueca tandang; describes a hen cocodrilo buwaya mas. large rep- that is ready to sit on eggs fem. tile with strong jaws coartada alibay; dahilan; sangka- codazo mas. tabig; to push or hit lan fem. accused's claim of having somebody or something with an been elsewhere elbow cobarde duwag cobardía kahinaan codear siko; the joint between the ng loob fem. lack of courage upper and lower parts of the arm cobre transo; a malleable, reddish codearse maniko; rub shoulders brown metallic element that is a with good conductor of electricity and codicia masarili; kasakiman; strong heat. Source: ores such as chal- desire for more fem. copyrite. Use: wiring, coatings, codo mas. siko; the joint between alloys. Symbol Cu; bras (sa mu- the upper and lower parts of the sika) mas. arm apartar a codazos singkil coca a savory or sweet pastry with codo con codo, codo a codo toppings tabi sa tabi cocaina fem. kokaina; an addictive cofrade mas. miyembro; kasapi; narcotic drug obtained from the le- kaanib; adherent of a particular aves of the coca plant, taken ille- group gally as a stimulant cofre mas. dibdib; the part of the cocer verb kulo; kukulo (gulay) body between the neck and the coche kotse; saksakyan; awto mas stomach cochecito kostesito m para ninos; coger dampot; pulotin; kunin; ku- muha recoger damputin escoger 97

comadre

pulot hurgarse la nariz nang- colgadero mas. sabitan; hanger; ungulangot frame for hanging garment cogida namemetas; pag-aani fem. colgadizo sabitin; magbitin; to cogote mas. leeg; part between fasten something above head and body colgante 1 bigit; magbitin cohechar magsuhol cohecho mas. colgante 2 mas. anting anting; agi- suhol; parating; money or incenti- mat ve given to persuade a person to colgar magsabit; hang up do something illegan or dishonest colibri mas. kolibri; a small brightly cohete kuwitis cohete intermedio colored nectareating bird that ho- intermediate-range missile mas. vers cohombro pipino; a long fruit with coliflor fem. koliplor; flower head dark green peel mas. eaten as vegetable coito pagtatalik; katok tb. colilla biha; kaputol; the part of a coja pilay fem. cojear mapilay co- cigarette that remains after the jera pagkapilay rest has been smoked fem. cojin mas. barok; unan; a bag stuf- colina fem. burol con colinas ma- fed with feathers used as a soft burol cumbre taluktok ng burol support for the head ladera dalisdis ng bundok cojóon mas. bayag colloquial colindante kabitbahayan vecino col fem. repulyo; a roundish head kapitbahay; located nearby of closely layered green, white, or colisión banga; banggaan; karam- red leaves col de Bruselas brus- bola fem. sel sprouts collar kuwintas; neck ornament m. cola fem. buntot; pandikit colear colmado tindahan ng pagkain kumawag; wag its tail colmar puno; apaw; punong puno colación fem. mirienda; small meal colmena bahay ng pukyutan abeja colada fem. labada; dirty clothes or pukyutan fem. linen put aside to be washed colmillo mas. kanine, a pointed colapso bumagsak; gumuho; ma- tooth between the incisors and the walan ng ulirat mas. first bicuspids colarse verb panala; salaam; piltro colonizar kolonisado colonia ko- colchón higaan; kutson; pad for lonya; lupang sinakop ng dayu- sleeping on mas. han; grupo ng emigrante sa isang colear kumakawag; payipoy; to partikular na lugar move the tail to and fro coloquial kolokyal; lengguwaheng colección koleksiyon reunirse ko- di-pormal na gamit sa pakikipag- lektahin coleccionar koleksyonis- usap ta recoger kolekta color mas. kulay de color may ku- colega mas. at fem. kolehyho; ka- lay samahan sa trabaho o propesyon colosal napakalaki; very large colegial kolehiyal columna fem. pilar; haligi; poste; colegio paaralan; koheliyo; high kulumna columna vertebral gu- school; college mas. lugod cólera poot; a strong feeling of coma 1 koma; long period of uncon- grievance and displeasure estar sciousness fem. encolerizado poot na galit fem. coma 2 fem. kuwit, a punctuation colérico magagalitin; showing or mark (,) that represents a slight tending to show anger or irritation pause in a sentence or is used to colesterol kolestorol; a steroid al- separate words and figures in a list cohol sterol made by the liver and comadre isang babae pagpupulong present in all cells mas. 98 comadrona

tungkol sa buhay ng iba nomical object with long tail fem. 2 comadrona fem. komadrona; s.b. cometa saranggola; toy for flying trained to deliver babies comezón makati; want to scratch comandante komandante coman- picor kati; to have an irritating dar namumuno comando utos; sensation on the body mando mas. cómico masaya; funny to the ex- combate mas. laban; away; babag; tent of being absurd fighting between two people or comida hapunan; pagkain; ulam; groups putahe comida basura junkfood combatiente ang kalaban comienzo sisimula; simula; the combinación kapareho fem. two or point in time or space at which more people or things that are something starts combined to form a set comillas fem. pl . mga panipi; the combustible madaling magningas; marks (‘‘ ‘‘) to put at the beginning madaling magsiklab; madaling and end of quoted passages or masunog; easy set on fire words ¡Come! kakain na! comilón mas. palakain; taong ma- comentario m komentaryo; puna; takaw; eating to excess, or want- pasin; a remark that states a fact ing to do so or expresses an opinion ¡sin co- comisura fem. comisura los labios mentarios! walang komentariyo! siwi 1 locutor komentarisya cómo interrogative gaano; used to comenzar simula; to begin doing ask or report questions or to intro- something or begin something co- duce statements about the manner mienzo simulan in which something happens or is comer kain verb comer demasia- done ¿cómo estás? Kumusta ka? do kumanin Comemos ahora. Ka- ¿Cómo te llamas? (informal) kain na tayo ngayon. Que estás Anó'ng pangalan mo? ¿Cómo se comiendo? Anọ ang kinakain mo? llama? (formal) Anó'ng pangalan Yo no como nada. Walạ ang ki- kayo? ¿Cómo? Ano? ¿Cómo se nakain ko. Yo como un mango. dice? Ano ang tawag? cómo no Kinakain ko ang isạng manggạ. siyempre 2 Ven a comer! Kain na! Mario se como modal conjunction gaya; tu- comió el mango. Kinain ni Mario lad; para, pareho indicating that ang mangga. Mario no comió two things or people are similar mucho. Kumain-kain si Mario. or share some of the same featu- Puedes comer aqui? Puede res, qualities, or characteristics bang kumain dito? No, no pue- algo así como tulad na kahit na des. Hindi puede. ano como si parang como quiera comercial pangkalakal; komersiyal hangga't gusto mo Lo hicimos centro comercial pamilihan; ku- como habiamos acordado. Gi- long na gusali na katatagpuan ng nawa kami ito tulad namin su- mga tindahan; kainan at iba’t bang mang-ayon. John es como Ma- panlibang rio. Gaya ni Mario si John. Tu ga- comerciante mangangalakal co- to es como mi gato. Gaya ng merciante al por mayor mama- pusa’ ko ang pusa’ mo. makyaw comerciante al por me- comodidad fem. aliw; kasiyahan nor magtitingi comodidades de la vida good comestible makakain; fit, suitable, things of life cómodo maginhawa or pleasant to eat ¿cómo estás? Kumusta ka? Estoy cometa 1 f buntala; kometa; astro- maluca estos días Hindi mabuti. compacto makapal; masinsin; ma- 99

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sukal; very thick punta mamimili compañero m kapares compañero comprender intindi, maunawaan de habitación kakuwarto com- Comprendo maintindihan ko ten- pañerode apartamento Kasama go entendido que ... ako ay ma- ng kuwarto intindi … No comprendo. hindi ko compañía fem. kompanya; state of maintindihan. being together hacer compañía compresa diin; tuon comprimir a alguien kausap; magkasama diinan; applying pressure compañía inversionista invest- compromiso mas. kasunduan; a ment trust compañía aérea air- settlement of a dispute in which line compañía fantasma letter- two or more sides agree to accept box company compañía-madre less than they originally wanted parent company compuesto timplada mas. having comparación fem. paghahambing; more than one part; tambalan; a The grammatical form of an adjec- mixture tive or adverb that expresses the compulsión pamimilit; dimakatwi- the act or process of examining rang motibo sa paggawa ng isang two or more people or things in bagay kahit laban sa kalooban order to discover similarities and fem. differences between them. común karaniwan; ordinaryo de compás aguhon; kompas; direction común con sa karaniwan sa en finder mas. común sa karaniwan por lo co- compasión pagkikiramay; pagka- mún karaniwan, generally Mer- habag; sympathy for the suffering cado Común Karaniwang mga of others ¡por compasión! para merkado el común de las gentes sa kapakanan awa! fem. karamihan mga tao compatriota kababayan; some- comunicación komukasiyon; pag- body from the same country fem. papahatid ng balita; pagpapata- compensación komputasyon;mag- lastas comunicativo madaming; bayad; money in payment for loss sinasabe comparativo mas. pasukdol; des- comunismo mas. komunismo; cribes the form of an adjective or bansang komunista ang mga adverb that expresses an increase basang naniniwala sa simulain ng in quality, quantity, or degree sosyalismo kung saan ang lahat ng completo ganap; komleto; puno pangunahing industriyal komu- por completo ganap, completely nikasyon at paaralan ay pangang- complicación komplikasyon, pag- asiwa ng pamahalaan. comunista kamagulo fem. komunista cómplice mas. fem. kasabuwat; con may; sasama; kasama prepo- somebody who helps somebody sition accompanied by another else to commit a crime or misdeed person or thing a pesar de kahit complot mas. sabuwatan; sapaka- na para con to, towards sa, pa- tan; a secret hostile plan tungo casa con ventana bahay comportamiento mas. pag-uugali, na may bintana Magandang kaugalian. Tun-tunin coñac mas. brandy; a liquor that is ng kagandahangasal. distilled from the fermented juice compostura f hinahon; komposi- of grapes syon; akda; katha; sanaysay fem. conato mas. magtangka; sumubok; the way in which something is ma- to try to do something de in terms of its different parts concentrarse humarap nang lu- compra fem. bili; get something by busan concentración pag-isip- paying money ir de compras pu- 100 concentración

ang mabuti; focus of mind confianza tiwala confidencia fem. concentración pag-isipang mabuti; magtiwala confiar nagtitiwala focus of mind confirmar konformado; magpa- concepto konsepto; kuru-kuro; totoo; prove something to be true something thought or imagined confiscar kombistado; konpista; concha fem. kabibe; an edible bi- umilit; sumamsam; to take some- valve mollusk body's property with authority conciencia fem. may malay; able conformista pagkakatulad kilos na to think; budhi; konsensiya; sense kasang-ayon sa langgap na pam- of right and wrong concienzudo antayan ng lipunan fem. maingat conducta asal ugali; kilos; modo; concierto m konsiyerto; serenata; to behave in a particular way fem. public musical performance confidente impormante; batyaw; concreto kongkreto; tunay mas. ispiya; secret provider of informa- able to be seen or touched becau- tion about crime se it exists in reality nada en conflicto alit; laban; salungatan ng concreto walang anuman sa par- mga kuru-kuro; a disagreement or tikular clash between ideas, principles, or concurso kontes; paligsahan mas. people mas. an activity in which people try to confortable komportable; magin- win something or do better than hawa; feeling comfort or ease others confrontación kompontrasyon; condón m kondom; presatibo; a humarap; iharap; conflict between close-fitting rubber covering worn ideas or people fem. by a man over the penis during congreso kongreso; a conference sexual intercourse to prevent or formal meeting of delegates or pregnancy or the spread of sex- representatives mas. ually transmitted disease conjunción pangatnig; pang-ugnay condiciones kalagayan; kondisyon a word that is used to link senten- the particular state of something ces, clauses, phrases, or words condición social kalagayan; high conjugar magbanghay ng pan- rank or standing, especially in a diwa; to state systematically the community, work force, or organi- different forms a verb has accord- zation ing to tense, mood, person, and conducta asal ugali; kilos; Magan- number dang kaugalian. Tun-tunin ng ka- conmemorativo memoryal; paran- gandahangasal. fem. gal; commemorative object or conductor mamaneho conducir event mas. maneho llevarse en un coche conmovedor matindi; masidhi cau- palayasin sing a sharp sense of sadness, conectar konekta; magkabit; mag- pity, or regret dugtong; to join two things conocimiento m kaalaman; gene- conejo kuneho; small furry animal ral awareness or possession of gazapo batang kuneho mas. information poner en conoci- confederación kalagsangla; group miento a ipagbigay-alam of loosely allied states fem. conocer alam; kilala No conoce- conferencia fem. panayam; kapu- mos al presidente. Hindi tayo lungan; meeting for lectures and kilala ang presidente. ¿Conoces discussion Manila? alam mo ba Manilya? sí, confesión fem. tumanggap; um- lo sé oo alam ko no (lo) sé hindi amin; magtapat; to admit guilt ko alam. conocido kilalang- kilala; known 101

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and recognized by many people alang consulta pagsangguni; pag- conocimiento awayagaham; maru- papatinin; exchange of opinions nong mas. poner en conoci- consumir konsumo; maubos; gum- miento ipaalam; magpabatid amit consumidor mamimili conquista fem. pagtalo; paglupig; contable tagasuri ng tala ng pan- the process of taking control of a analapi ng indibiduwal o ng kum- place or people by force of arms panya consecuencia fem. epekto; re- contaminado dumihan; to make sulta; power to influence; mag- inpure by contact; mabulok; be sangkot; madamay; madawit; spoiled; masira; be infected con- magpahiwatig; magpakahulugan taminación kontaminasyon con- conseguir kumuha; indicating that taminar kontaminado; magpa- somebody obtains, receives, ear- rumi; mahawa; dumihan ns, or is given something contagioso huluhin; nakakahawa consejo pagtuturo; payo; people contar bumilang; bilangan contar running local affairs con alg bilangan mo ako conserje mas. fem. portero; ban- contener bumalik ka; lamanan; to tay-pinto; a person who guard the have or hold something inside entrance of a building contenido mas. laman; what is conserva fem. lata; a sealed metal contained in anything container, usually cylindrical, in contento kaluguran; maligaya mas. which food or drink is preserved contestar sagot; tugon; answer conservación konserbatyon; pang- contexto kontekst; paligsahan mas angalaga; the keeping of some- contienda fem. away; an angry thing intangible intact fem. dispute between two or more peo- conservar itaguyod; mangalaga; ple protect something from harm or continuar magpatuloy; hindi tum- decay;make sure something lasts igil; to keep on Continuó dicien- consideración f alang-alang; kon- do. Magpatuloy na salita Siguió siderasyon; pagiisip; pagsasaa- cantando. nagkakanta siya tuloy- lang-alang; pagaalala; pagtingin; tuloy continuarse con adjoin careful thought or deliberation contrabandista kontrabanista; ta- consolación fem. aliw; kasiyahan ong mapagpalusot ng mga bawal consomé mas. kaldo; a clear soup na bagay; mamumuslit fem. consonante fem. katinig; the con- contrato kontrakta; kasunduan; a sonant are " b," "k," "d," …(ba, document that records a formal or ka, da, ...) legally binding agreement consorte mas. fem. asawa; bana; contratiempo bumaltak; kabaligta- esposa; esposo; kabiyak; may- ran; kasaliwaan; katumbalikan; bahay isingkaw; kabaligtaran; kasaliwa- consternación f bagabag; panghi- an; katumbalikan hilakbot; pangingilabot fem. a contraventana fem. panangga sa feeling of alarm, confusion, or dis- bintana; a moveable cover for a may caused by s.th. unexpected window constitución konstitusyon, saligang contribución butaw; abuloy; limos; batas, pangunahing batas na ba- ambag fe. contribuciones buwis tayan ng bawat batas na ipapatu- control mas. kontrolado pad ng bansa fem. convento mas. monasteryo; kum- construir gagawa; paggawa; pag- bento; bahay ng mga mongha o yari; build something madre consuelo aliw; kasiyahan mas. conversación paguusap; pagsa- consulado konsulada; magsaalang- 102 convoy

salitaan fem. an informal talk with projection on animal's head somebody about everyday matters corneja f uwak; a large black bird convoy konboy; Sumama upang coro m kuwayar a coro sa kuwayar ipagsanggalang. mas. corona korona; putong coronación cónyuge mas. fem. asawa magputong fem. coñac mas. brandy; a liquor that is corotos akin iyan; Pagaari ni. distilled from the fermented juice corporación f pagtutulungsan cor- of grapes (aguardiente) porativo kooperatibo; working cooperación kooperasyon; pagtu- together tuungan; pagdadamayan fem. corpulento tabamag; rough and copia kopya; sipi copiadora dupli- robust kador copiar duplikahin corpus korpus kristo; a mainly Ro- copo mas. kopo; small flat piece man Catholic festival honoring the copo de nieve kopo ng niyebe institution of Communion mas. coraje mas. tapang; giting; the corral kural; an enclosed or surfac- ability to face danger ed area beside farm buildings cor- coral mas. balahura; a marine or- ral de madera timber-yard mas. ganism that lives in colonies and corrección fem. pagtutuwid; pag- has an external skeleton wawasto; act of correcting Corán koran bibliya ng mga may correcto korekto; tama tiene ra- pananampalatayang islam zón ikaw ay tama correctamente corazón 1 mas. buto ng prutas tamaan corazón 2 m puso infarto atakeng corredor bolisista; takbuhan mas. puso despiadado walang puso correo sulat; korero (casa de) duro de corazón walang puso de correos kawanihan ng korero corazón kabilisan na may lakip na correr takbo; go at fast pace pananabik de todo corazón from corriente takbo (tubig ect.) kori- the heart, galing sa puso yente el 10 del corriente the corazón 3 ubod, sacar el corazón a 10th inst. estar al corriente de corbata f korbata corbata de lazo, ipaalam alterna corriente alter- corbatín bowtie nating stream continua corriente corcho mas. tapon; bottle stopper; direct stream outer bark of cork oak corchoso corroer kaning unti-unti; destroy matapon; may tapon progressively by chemical action corcova f kuba; umbok corcovado corrupción f kurupsyon corrupto kuba, hunchbacked kurupto; dishonest exploitation of cordel lupid; pisi; lenteng mas. a power for personal gain fem. cordel sa deretsong linya corsario mas. pirata; tulisang da- cordera batang tupa; kordero cor- gat derillo balat ng batang tupa mas. corsé mas. kurse; a stiffened gar- cordobán balat katad kuwero mas. ment worn by women to shape the cordón lubig cordón de zapato waist and breasts sintas mas. cortabolsas mandukot; a thief who cordón umbilical inunan; tube steals from people's pockets and connecting fetus to placenta mas. bags in public places mas. cordura dunong; napagdaanan fem cortar hihiwa; to divide something the ability to make sensible deci- into pieces using a sharp tool sions and judgments based on cortaplumas lanseta; balinsong 1 personal knowledge and experien- corte m hiwa cortadora hiwahan ce cortadura hiwain 2 cornadura busina; sungay fem. corte f paglilitis korto cortes Spa- nish parliament 103

crepúsculo cortés galang; magalang; May ma- costumbre fem. adwana; ugali; gandang asal. cortesía kaganda- kostumbre acostumbrado, de hang-asal fem. politeness costumbre Kawanihan ng adwa- corteza fem. kortesa; outer layer of na. tree costura fem. pananahi; sewing, cortina kortina cortina de hierro needlework, dressmaking iron curtain; an impenetrable bar- costurera mananahi; sastre fem. rier to understanding; the milita- cotidiano araw-araw; tuwing araw; rized border between the Com- arawan munist bloc and Western Europe cotilleo magtsimis; manira sa ta- during the Cold War fem. ikuran to speak of the lives of corto maigsi cortedad igsi others behind their back corvo hubog; baluktot; balikuko cotizar sipi cotización kuwota cosa bagay; an inanimate object no cotilleo daldal; satsat; sitsit; Pag- ... cosa wala otra cosa pa ba iba pupulong tungkol sa buhay ng iba. poca cosa walang … poca cosa tsismis lleno de cotilleos tsismo- kaunti Diles cualquier cosa. sa, puno ng tsismis Anuman ang sabihin mo sa kanila. covoyar konsorte; abay; protector cosas fem. materyales; gamit; sa- on journey mas. ngkap; what a thing is made from coz fem. sipa; to strike something cosecha namimetas cosechar pag- or somebody with the foot dar aani de cosecha propia home- coces, dar de coces a sipain; to grown strike with the foot cosechar gumapas; namemetas; cráneo mas. bungo; the skeletal pagaani; crop that is gathered part of the head coseno koseno; ratio of adjacent crápula lasing; lango; boratso side to hypotenuse mas. craso taba crasitud mataba coser kostura; tahini cráter krater; bunganga ng bulkan cosmético kosmetiko; magpapula creador ang lumalang crear lumik- ng pisngi o labi ha; lumalang creación paglikha cósmico daigdigan; sanlibutan crecer laki ampliar lakihan gran- cosmonauta astronaut cosmona- de malaki gigantesco napakalaki ve sasakyan ng daigdigan crédito utang tener un saldo po- cosmos mas. daigdigan; sanlibutan sitivo utangan recibir recono- kalawakan; sansinukob cimiento por algo utangin 1 costa baybayin; tabing-dagat en creencia f paniniwala; naniniwala la costa sa baybayin fem. creo que ... aking paniwala … 2 costa f gastos costar halaga a creer naniniwala; paniniwala Ver toda costa sa anumang presyo es creer. kikita ay paniniwala. ¡ya costal sako; bolso; bag mas. lo creo! Naniniwala ako na ito! costar gastos; mangkano; puhunan crema f krema; gata ng gatas; a 1 costear bayad para sa; ang gas- high-fat liquid product separated tos from milk crema dental krema 2 costear maglayag sa kahabaan ng ng ngipin fem. baybayin cremación magsunog; kremasyon; costilla butubuto; tadyang; curved the burning of a corpse until only bone of the chest. ashes are left fem. costo(e) m gastos; mangkano; pu- crepúsculo agaw-dilim; silim; tak- hunan ¿cuánto cuesta? Magka- ipsilim; the time of day just after no iyan? estimar el costo de sunset or before dawn, when the coste-beneficio cost-benefit Sun is below the horizon mas. costra makunat costroso malutong 104 criada

2 criada katulong na babae fem. cuál alin(g) used to ask for some- criba fem. bistay; salan; meshed thing to be identified from a known utensil; salangan; panala larger group or range of possibil- crimen krimen criminal kriminal ities ¿Cuál? Alin? ¿cuál es tuyo? crin f kiling; hair on animal's neck alin ang yo? ¿Cuál prefieres? Alin crio mas. bata; anak colloquial gusto mo?¿Cuál es la capital de cripta krypta; silid sa ilalim ng lupa Brasil? Alín ang punong-lungsod crisis fem. panganip; peligro crisis ng Brasil? ¿Cuál era el proble- nerviosa panahon ng kagipitan ma? Ano ang problema? cuál(es) cristal mas. kristal; solid with re- ... cuál(es) ilang ... ilang petitive internal structure cualidad f katangian; the general cristiano krystiyano cristo kruse- standard or grade of something 1 piks mas. cuando kung (pasado) conjunc- crítica f kritika criticador kritikal tion kailan 2 croar mas. kokak; a sound made cuándo kailan; an adverb used to by a frog ask at what time or at what point cocodrilo buwaya; large reptile something happens ¿Cuándo sale with strong jaws mas. el tren? Kailan umalis ang tren? cromo krominyum; a hard bluish ¿Cuándo llega el autobus? Kai- white metallic element. Source: lan darating ang bus? de cuando chromite Symbol Cr mas. en cuando from time to time; crónica talamak; kinagawin; pa- minsan ¿de cuándo acá? how tuloy; pitmihan; historical account come? 1 cronología kronolohiya; salaysay cuanto pronoun lahat; all that na ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod Cuantos lahat na unos cuantos crol gapang estar abarrotado de ilan 2 gapanggan cuánto ilan, magkano ¿Cuánto crudo hilaw; maalon; malundag cuesta? Magkano? ¿Cuánto cue- cruel malupit; magbagsik; giving sta el libro? Magkano ang aklat? pain to others ¿Cuánto cuesta el cuarto? Mag- crueldad bangis; bagsik; tapang; kano ang kuwarto? ¿cuánto vale lupit fem. deliberately cruel act or cuesta? Magkano iyan? cruento madugo; covered or ¿Cuánto tiempo estarás en Ma- smeared with blood nila? Gaano kang katagal sa May- crujiente malutong; having a plea- nila? ¿Cuánto tiempo llevas en santly light, crunchy texture Manila? Gaano kang katagal sa cruz f krus cruzada krusada cru- Manila? cifixión krusipiksyon crucifijo cuarentena ibukod; ihiwalay sa krusipiho cruzar krus Cuidado al iba; magkuwarentenas fem. cruzar. maingat sa krus na daan. cuaresma fem. panahon ng ayuno; cruce krus na daan krosing ¡Cruz fasting, and self-denial y raya! Tama na ! Cruz Roja krus cuartel barak; kuwartel soldiers roha quarters cuartel general puno- cuadrado kuadrado; kuwadrang- ng himpilan mas. gulo pigura o hugis na may apat cuarto kuwarto; isat apat cuar to na gilid; parisukat; patyo mas. de dólar 25 cent las 2 y cuarto a cuadro letrato 2 metros en cua- quarter past 2 las 2 menos cuar- dro 2 metres square cuadro de to a quarter to 2 no tener un cu- diálogo dialog box mas. arto hindi ako mayroon isang sen- cual 1 pronoun el, la, lo cual ang, tabo mas. sino a quel más bakit cuberteria fem. kubyertos; knives, forks, and spoons used for eating 105

cura cúbito mas. siko; the joint between walang kapote the upper and lower parts of the cuesta fem. dahilig; talibis; any li- human arm ne, surface or land that goes up or cubo balde timba matematika kube down from a level cuesta abajo cucaracha f ipis; household pest paakyat cuesta arriba pababa cuchara kutsara cucharilla kutsa- cuervo uwak; large black bird of rita cucharón; cazo m kutsaron crow family mas. cuchara grande f kutsang pang- cuestión fem. tanong cuestión mesa candente nasusunog na tanong cuchichear anas; bulon; bumulong cueva kuweba; yungib; large un- cuchifritos a fried lamb or goat derground hollow meat along with olive oil, garlic, cuidado mas. alaga tener cuidado vinegar ingatan ¡cuidado con ...! magin- cuchillo kutsilyo arkitektura upright gat … sa! despreocupado walang cuco maitsora; maganda; having inaalala con cuidado maingat an attractive pleasant face descuidado walang ingat; pabaya cuello batok; leeg; part between culebra fem. ahas; serpiyente cu- head and body mas. lebra de cascabel rattlesnake cuenco platito; small circular dish culo mas. puwet colloquial cuenta f bayat contar con bilan- culpa kasalanan ser culpable de gan la cuenta, por favor Bayat algo maykasalanan po! Esta cuenta acaba de lle- culpable mas. and fem. kasalan- gar. Cuenta de banco bank- an; may sala makasalanan account cuenta atrás countdown culto kulto m paraan ng pana- ivamos a cuentas! sabihin maka- nampalataya; a system of religious kuha ng pababa sa negosyo!darse or spiritual beliefs cuenta mapagtanto cultura f kultura cultural kultural cuentista mas. at fem. kuwentista culto kultibado cultivo kultiba- cuento kuwento mas. salasaysay; syon cultivable araro bida cuento de hadas Kuwentong cumbre f taluktok ng burol; gulod nagbibigay aral. katha; Kuwentong cima itaas ng burol conferencia hindi totoo. sin cuento naparami en la cumbre miting ng mga lider dejarse de cuentos sumapit sa ng iba-ibang gobyerno buod cumpleaños kaarawan ¡feliz cum- cuerda f lubid; tali; a strong cord pleaños! Maligayang bati! cuerda floja masikip-lubid cuer- cumplido kompleto; puno cumpli- da de plomada panukat ng diret- dos papuri de cumplido pormal so cuerda salvavidas lifeline por cumplido bilang isang papuri estar en su cuerda maging sa cumplimentar binabati cumpli- kanyang elemento cuerda de miento bumabati tender la ropa sampayan cuna fem. kuna; baby's bed cuerno mas. sungay cuerno de la cuñada fem. hipag; sister-in-law abundancia kornukopya cuñado m bayaw; brother-in-law cuero anit; balat; katad; kuwero cuneta bambang; alulod; malalim en cueros stark naked na kanal o tubig-daluyan na nabuo cuerpo katawan cuerpo a cuerpo ng malakas na bagsak ng ulan f kamay sa kamay a cuerpo, en cuota kuwota; salo; pasahe cuota cuerpo walang kapote cuerpo de de socio membership fee fem. bomberos brigadang mga bom- cúpula f kupola; dome-shaped roof bero cuerpo de sanidad brigada- cura 1 paroko; pari; padre cura ng medikal orgánico ng bahagi párroco parish priest mas. ng katawan a cuerpo, en cuerpo 106 cura cura 2 f pahilom; gamutin cura de before Easter in Christian calendar reposo rest-cure cura de urgen- curiosidad mausisa; usisero; us- cia pangunahing lunas yoso; desire to know something curar pahilom; ang pagbibigaylunas curioso mausisa; usisero; usyoso sa sakit; piskal man o pangkaisi- curso m kurso El curso de espa- pan sa pamamaraang medikal ñol empieza el lunes. Ang kastila puwera ang pagtitistis curar de kurso ay simula sa lunes. alagaan, look after curva balikda; pakorba; korba cur- Cuaresma panahon ng ayuno fem. va de nivel contour line fem. fasting, and self-denial; period cuyo demonstrative pronoun sa ka- niya en cuyo caso sa ganoong sitwasyon D dable posible; maaari posibilitar dátil mas. igos; sweet-tasting fruit Kahit ano ang mangyari. often preserved or dried dadiva f regalo; da- de ng posesión, pertenencia a pre- divoso mabait dador ang nag- position introducing a noun or bigay; s.body who gives something noun phrase that provides more dado dado dado a ibigay sa dado information about a preceding que ibigay ito word or phrase, usually, but not daga fem. balaraw; sundang; pun- always el mejor del mundo ang yal; a weapon for stabbing, with a pinakamabuti ng mundo a las short pointed blade 6 de la mañana alas 6 ng umaga daltónico bulag na kulay ciego bu- la ciudad de Roma ang bayan ng lag mas. a ciegas nang walang Roma más de 20 higit sa 20 taros el camino de Manila ang daan ng dama ginang primera dama un- Manila el pobre de Mario ang ang ginang ng bansa fem. pobreng si Mario una moneda de damasco aprikot; damasko; pat- plata isang barya (ng) plata un terned fabric mas. vaso de agua isang baso ng tu- dañar pasamain sira; winasak; pin- big sala dañarse sirain; wasakin debajo baba; ibaba; ilalim; prepo- daño pinsala; sira dañoso kasiraan sition used to express the concept danza f sayaw danzanta manana- of being beneath or below some- yaw danzar pagsasayaw thing debajo de, bajo de sa/nasa dar bigay toma y daca bigayan ibaba/ilalim ng bajo el agua sa dar un tirón biglang ilalim ng tubig dar la lata manising lagi; to find debate mas. talk or argue about fault with a person all the time s.th., debate, argumento dar la lata a alguien para que deber kailangan; something that haga algo nag someone to do somebody is obliged to do for mo- something ral, legal, or religious reasons de- data petsa; data; mga bagay-bagay ben de ser las seis dapat ito ay na saligan fem. tungkol sa 06:00 ya deben de datar, dátil petsa ¿qué fecha es haber llegado Sila ay dapat hoy?, ¿a qué fecha estamos? magkaroon dumating sa pamama- Anong petsa ngayon? fecha de gitan ng ngayon nacimiento petsa ng kapangana- debería dapat; modal verb indi- kan cating that something is the right 107

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thing for somebody to do Deber- dactilar, huella digital marka ias ir a visitaria. Dapat mong bi- ng daliri sitahin ang kanyang. defecación fem. pag-tae defecar débil hina debilidad f kahinaan tumae debilitarse mahinain debilitar ma- defecto depekto; kamalian mas. hina defensa f pagtatanggol defender debido dapat bayaran; ought to be itaguyod; tagapagtanggol defen- paid; karapatan; a person’s right siva walang laban como es debido bilang ay tama- deferencia galang; magalang; ma- ng debido a dahil sa pitagan fem. debilidad f impirmidad; kahinaan deflación f pagpintog; pagtaas ng debutante baguhan; bagito mas. halaga ng mga bilihin o pagbaba década f dekada; sampung taon ng halaga ng salapi fem. decadencia dekadensiya fem. a deflacionar mag-alis ng hangin; process of decline or decay in a paimpisin; deflate society, especially in its morals deformar ideporma; sirain ang hu- decálogo mas. the ten command- gis; to change the shape of s.thing ments degenerar lumubha; lumubha; dekano mas. dekano; a senior humina; become worse member of the academic staff of a deglución fem. lulon; lunok; pass university food or liquid down throat decencia fem. kagandahang-asal; degradar bumaba; dusta maltra- kaang-kupang mga kilos at pana- tar dustain; maling pang gagamut nalita; tumpak na kaasalan; kali- deidad diwata; bathala; diyos fem. nisan dejar hayaan; pumayag, magpa- decente disente; mahinhin; ma- hintuot, bayaan; hayaan; to allow/ ayos; seemly, proper cause something to happen or decepción f kabiguan decepcionar someone to do something ¡déjese bumigo decepcionado biguin de eso! Huwag! decir sabi; salita decir que sí sa- del ng; sa; ng sa norte del pue- bihin oo blo sa norte ng bayan los mue- decisión f desisyon; pasya forzar bles del cuarto ang muwebles na una decisión force the issue sa kuwarto los juguetes del niño declaración f banggit; deklarasyon ang mga laruan ng mga bata saysay; indineklara No tengo na- delantal ipron; protective garment da que declarer. Ikaw ba ay may tied over clothes mas. idideklara? delante harap; harapan; tapat; the declive mas. dahli; talibis; ground area section, or position just ahead that inclines slightly of, close to, or at the forward part decoración f dikorasyon, palamuti of something delante de sa/nasa decorar maggayak; magpalamuti harap ng el coche de delante dedal m didal; small protective cap ang kotse nasa harapan for a finger when sewing delegación delegasyon; lupong ta- déedalo mas. pagkalito; pagkata- gakatawan; mga sugong kinata- ranta; landas na sang-sanga wan fem. group representing s.b. dedo m daliri dedo del pie daliri deletrear ispilling; pagbaybay ng paa nudillo buko ng daliri de- ¿cómo se escribe ... ? ano pag- do anular palasingsingadedo baybay ...? auricular, dedo meñique maliit delfín lumba-lumba; an intelligent na daliri dedo del corazón daliri sea mammal mas. ng puso dedo índice hintuturo delgado balingkinitan; patpatin; dedo pulgar hinglalaki huella 108 delicado

having very little body fat stiza pustiso delgadez may manipis na balat dentellada kumiti; kumagat ng ka- maramdami piraso; grip with the teeth delicado delikado; masarap delicia dentellar madaldal ; mapagkausap sarap; malasa dentífrico mga ngipin mas. delicioso malasa; masarap dentro loob hacia dentro, para delincuencia kapabayaan sa tung- dentro sa loob kulin; pagkakasala fem. dentro loob; indicating the interior delincuente delingkuwente; krimi- part of something, or the part that nal; youthful offender mas. at fem. is enclosed by or surrounded with delirante nahihibang delirar kahi- something hacia dentro , dentro bangan; walang halaga; kalokohan de sa/nasa loob ng dentro de la delito mas. sala; paglabag; break- casa nasa loob ng bahay dentro ing of the law mas. de 2 horas sa dalawang mga demanda hinging pautos o sapili- oras tan; hingin bilang karapatan denuncia fem. pagsusumbong; demandado ang nahahabla mas. pagsasalita laban sa; pagtuligsa; demás tira; labis lo demás ang tira pagbatikos denunciador ang por lo demás sa ibang paaran nagsasabi mas. accuser demandante ang nagsasakdal; ang departamento departamento; ka- naghahabla; a person who beginns gawaran; section of organization a lawsuit mas. at fem. depender dipende; umasa; iasa demasiado napakaraming deplorar ikalingkot; ikahapis nang demencia luko; baliw; sira ang labis; magsisi; to regret; deplore ulo; mali-mali fem. insanity deportar idisyerto; matapon de- democracia demokrasya; the free portación f deportasyon; pagta- and equal right of every person to tapon fem. forcibly repatriate participate in a system of govern- deporte mas. sport; competitive ment, often practiced by electing physical activity representatives of the people by deportivo parehong maglaro; wa- the majority of the people demó- lang dayang maglaro; playing fair crata demokrata democrático un gesto deportivo isang palaka- demokratiko mas. sang kilos demoler demolisyon; bumigay; deposicion fem. pagsasakdal magiba; gibain; iguho; wasakin depósito deposito; patinga deposi- demonio m demonyo demoníaco tar deposituhan depósito de demonyiako mas. agua sisterna depósito de gaso- demostración demostrasyon ma- lina deposito ng gasolina nifestante demonstrador depravado kasamaan; magpasama demudar paliit demudarse paliitin depreciacion fem. depreciación; dengue nahihiya pag nakahubad pagpintog; pagtaas ng halaga ng denodado matapang; bida; having mga bilihin o pagbaba ng halaga or showing courage ng salapi; mga pasilidad tulad ng denominación fem. resihanatsyon; kalsada, paaralan, tulay, at iba pagbibitiw magbitiw sa tungkulin; pang gamit sa pamayanan iwan o talikuran ang trono o ma- deprimido ngalungkong; labis na taas na posisyon katamlayan; panlulumo at kawa- dentadura fem. mga ngipin denta- lang pag-asa; isang uri ng sakit sa dura postiza pustiso; denture, set utak mas. of teeth; false teeth deprimir ipamighati; magpalungkot dentista dentista dentadura po- De pronto... sakali… depurar maglinis; Ang mga tun- 109

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tunin sa pangangalaga sa kalu- ang paa; barefooted; shoeless sugan. Kalinisan; malinis at malu- descanso pahinga; sleep or relax sog na paraan ng pamumuhay descarado walang hiya; shameless 1 derecho deretso; kanan a la de- descarga fem. magtiwalag; mag- recha sa kanan ¡ponte recto! diskarga; deskargahin; unload tayong deretso! Todo derecho descaro mas. kabastusan; kawa- daretso-daretso ¿Sigo derecho? langhiyaan; impertinence Ako ba ay dederetso? ¡Siga de- descomponerse nabubulok; to recho! Punta dumeretso! ¡Gire break down organic matter from a a la derecha! Liko sa kanan de complex to a simpler form frente derederetso desconcertado taranta adjective 2 derecho batas con derecho pam- desconectar tanggal separar, sol- batas con derecho naaalinsunod tar tanggalin sa batas conforme a derecho desconfianza hindi tiwala ayon sa batas ¡no hay derecho! desconocido hindi alam Ito ay hindi mapatas! reservados descontento hindi masaya todos los derechos copyright desierto m desyierto; an dry area tener derecho tungkol sa batas that consists only of sand con derecho al voto mapili; ma- desocupado hindi okupado hirang; mahalal; capable of being describir ilarawan; explain some- chosen or elected tener derecho thing a hacer algo magawa, be eligible descubrir diskubre; tuklasin to do something descuento bawas; rebaha reduc- derecho de opción opsiyon; kara- ción bawasan patan ng pagbili descuido kapabayaan; lack of care- derretir magtunaw; tunawin; to ful attention to the details of change a substance from a solid to something mas. a liquid state desde mula, mula noon; buhat desacuerdo mas. pagkakaiba ng noon; preposition indicating the palagay; hindi pagkakasundo; point in space at which a journey, pagtatalo failure to agree about motion, or action starts. indicating something the point in time at which a par- desagüe mas. bangbang; patuyu- ticular process, event, or activity in; bambang; drayn; channel that starts. desde la semana pasada carries water or sewage away from mula noong nakaraang linggo no a place lo he desde que te marchaste desastre sakuna; malaking kapa- mula nang umalis ka de Manila hamakan; malaking kasawiang- mula’ (sa) Maynila’ desde allí palad mas. mula’ roon Caminó desde la desatornillar magpaluwag ng tor- ciudad de Quezon. Naglakad siya nilyo mula’ Quezon City. desde el lu- desaire magsuplada; magmalaki; nes mula’ sa Lunes desde el lu- to treat coldly nes pasado mula’ noong Lunes desánimo bagabag; demolisyon desde enero pasado mula’ kung desayuno almusal; agahan desa- ng Enero desde entonces desde yunar magaalmusal, magaagahan ayer mula’ kahapon de ahora en desbordarse apaw; walang pagpi- adelante mula’ ngayon empe- pigil sa sarili; walang pagtitimpi zando mañana mula’ bukas descalificar diskalipikyon; magpa- ¿Desde cuando? Mula pa kailan? walang-karapatan; magalis ng ka- desdén mas. naiinis; nasusuklam; rapatan; declare s.b. unqualified extreme contempt or disgust for descalzo nakayapak; walang sapin 110 desdicha

something or somebody desdeñar pagkain. undernourishment kaabaaba; manghamak; mang- desocupado walang ginagawa; na- uyam; libal katigil; not doing anything desdicha fem. malas; a failure that desobedecer lumabag; sumuway seems to happen to somebody by desolado madilim; tigib ng lamig at chance or undeservedly desdicha- lungkot; sakmal ng lungkot at ka- do malungkot walang-pagasa desear nais; nasa; gusto; hangan despacho opisina Vamos para la desembocadura fem. estero; sec- despacho. Pupunta tayo sa opi- tion of a river meeting the sea; sina. wawa; bunganga ng ilog despacio dahan ¡despacio! Da- desempleado walang trabaho han-dahan! desenchufar tanggalin ang saksak despedida pagpapaalis; aalis desenredar kumalas; to untangle desperdicio sinasayang es una and free things that are muddled, pérdida de tiempo/dinero Nag- tied, or knotted together sayang ora/pera. deseo hiling desear a alguien lo despertar aalab; gumising; stop mejor Hinihiling ng isang tao ang sleeping; tatawag; revive, recall pinakamahusay na despertarse gumising desfachatez fem. naiinis; nasusuk- despiadado walang-awa; malupit; lam; extreme contempt or disgust without pity or mercy for somebody despido pagpapaalis dismiss some- desfile parada; an organized pro- body from institutional setting cession of people celebrating a despistado lumilipad ang isip special occasion mas. desplomarse bumagsak; bumigay desgana walang gana hinimatay deshidratado tigam; lacking water después pagkatapos; later in the body, as the result of loss of destruir demolisyon; bagabag; bodily fluids or from being depri- bumigay; sirain; wikain ved of liquid despensa fem. paminggalan; a deshonestidad fem. pagsisinun- room where food is kept galing; pagbubulaan; pagdarayan; despreocupado walang inaalala panlilinlang; tapat deshonesto con cuidado maingat descuida- hindi tapat; indecent, lewd do walang ingat; pabaya cuidado desierto deserto; ilang oasis lunti alaga tener cuidado ingatan o mabungan lugar sa diserto mas. ¡cui-dado con ...! magingat sa! desigualdad fem. hindi pagkakapa- después katapus; pagkatapos, ma- reho; hindi pagkakapantay pantay maya; later in time than desilusionado biguin; kabiguan destartalado mabuway; ruined or desinfectar disimpekta; disimpek- dilapidated and falling down tant; rid something of germs destellar maningning; makislap; desinteresado hindi interesado makinang; brilliant desierto diserto oasis oasis; lunti desatornillador distumilyador tor- o mabungan lugar sa diserto nillo turnilyo mas. desleal hindi loyal; not faithful desventaja fem. kasahulan; dis- desnudo hubad; walang damit re- bentaha; lack of advantage milgo nahihiya pag nakahubad desvergonzado walang hiya; un- Quitese la ropa. Hubadin mo ang troubled or unaffected by shame damit mo. en pelota humubad desviar ibahin; magpalihis; turn a- desnutrición Mahinang kondisyon side, deflect, divert ng katawan dahil sa hindi wastong desvío fem. likuan; baling; a devia- tion from a shorter, more direct 111

dicha

route de hoy? Ano ang ispesial para sa detalle detalye en detalle sa de- ngayon? ¡ buenos días! Maga- talye dang araw! día feriado, día fe- detención f detensyon estar dete- stivo, día de fiesta bakasyon; nido arestadohin pamamahinga día laborable ka- detestar mainis; mapoot; mahumi; raniwang araw a los pocos días masumklam; detest, hate, loathe sa kanina mga araw de día sa detencion fem. asunto; bitang; to araw accuse somebody formally of hav- diabetes diyabetis; a medical dis- ing committed a crime order, especially diabetes mellitus, detergente mas. a chemical used that causes the body to produce for cleaning an excessive amount of urine fem. detrás likod; likuran; preposition in diablo diyabolo diabólico diaboliko position indicating that somebody diadema fem. tiyara; diademya; a or something is in or is going to- jeweled headband ward a position at the back or rear diafano adjective malinaw; mali- of something detrás de sa/nasa li- wanag; allowing light to pass kod/likuran ng atrás del coche sa through with little or no inte rrup- likuran ng kotse de atrás del au- tion or distortion tobús sa likuran ng bus por de- diafragma mas. diyapragma; cur- trás sa likuran detrás de sa likod ved muscular membrane in hu- ng mans and other mammals that detrimento mas. sira; physical in- separates the abdomen from the jury that makes something less area around the lungs useful, valuable, or able to func- diagrama dayagram; banghay; tion simple explanatory drawing fem. deuda fem. kasalanan; the fact of dialecto diyalekto; regional variety having committed a crime or done of language mas. wrong diálogo uusap; salitaan; diyalogo deudo mas. kamak-anakan; mala- diamante dayamon; a hard trans- pit na kamag-anak koneksyon o parent precious stone that is a relasyon sa pamilya dahil sa pag- variety of carbon mas. aasawa; pagkamagkamag-anak diametro mas. bantod; dayametro; deudor mas. debtor a straight line running from one si- devastar gunaw; magwasak; lum- de of a circle through the center to uray; ganap na sirain the other side ¿de verdad? Talaga? used to ex- diario araw-araw; arawan; tala- press surprise, doubt, or exaspera- arawan mas. personal record tion diarrea diyariya; kurso; pagtatae; devolución gantihan regreso ganti bululos; frequent and excessive devolver ibalik; magbayad discharging of the bowels pro- devorar buhulbuhol; sumila ducing thin watery feces fem. devoto bana; santo; madasalin diccionario mas. diksiyonaryo; ta- ¡Di! Sabihin mo! latinigan; a reference book that día m araw diario araw-araw hoy contains alphabetically ordered ngayon ayer kahapon el día an- words, with explanations of their terior kamakalawa pasado ma- meanings, often with information ñana makalawa ¿qué día es about grammar, pronunciation, hoy? ¿a qué día estamos? Ano and etymology araw ngayon? día de San Valen- dicha masaya; masuwerte por tín Araw ng mga Puso dia de hoy dicha sa suwerte ngayon ¿Cuál es el plato del dia 112 dicho dicho salawikain; kasabihan; pari- diminuto bulilit; napakamaliit rala; a frequently offered piece of dimisión fem. resignatsyon pagbi- advice or information mas. bitiw magbitiw sa tungkulin; iwan diciembre desyembre; the 12th o talikuran ang trono o mataas na month of the year, lasting 31 days posisyon decisión fem. pasya decidir mag- dinamita pasabog; dinamita; a pasya decide tú magpasya mo powerful explosive consisting of a es tan difícil decidirse mahirap porous material such as wood pulp ang pagpasya or sawdust, combined with am- dictado dikta; magdikta; utos; monium or sodium nitrate, or atas; mando; act of dictating nitroglycerin, and an antacid such dictador diktador; lider na lubos as calcium carbonate fem. ang kapangyarihan; taong ma- dinamo fem. dynamo; a machine paniil dictadura diktadura, Pam- that converts mechanical energy halaang pinamumunuan ng isang into electrical energy, usually in diktador. the form of direct current diente ngipin dientes postizos dinastia fem. dinastiya; a succes- pustiso limpiarse los dientes sion of rulers from the same family maglilinis ang mga ngipin dinero pera está ganando mucho diestra kanang kamay diestro ka- dinero siya ay gumawa maraming nan pera Lo hice por el dinero. Gum- dieta dayeta régimen Timbang na awa akong pera. pagkain fem. dinosaurio dinosauriyo mas. diez sampo; yes dios bathala; diyos; panginoon cre- difamación fem. paninirang-puri; ador ang lumalang ¡Dios mío! the act or offense of saying some- Diyos ko po! ¡gracias a Dios! thing false or malicious that dama- Diyos salamat! vaya con dios ges somebody's reputation difa- paalam ¡que Dios te bendiga! mador mapanirang-puri Pisan! mas. diferente dibrensya; iba diferen- diploma diploma; course certificate cia kaibahan; being unlike others diplomático diplomatiko, may ki- deficiencia sahol; an inadequate nalaman sa diplomasya diplomá- supply of something necessary tica diplomasya; mahusay na pa- difícil hirap difícilmente mahirap; kikitungo matigas dificultar ang bagay na diptongo mas. kambal-patinig; a pinakamahirapan; hadlang; saga- character formed by joining the bal; make something difficult letters iy, ey, ay, aw, oy, uy difteria fem. dipteriya; infectious dique mas. dam; prinsa; pangha- disease that attacks the membra- rang sa tubig dique seco dahik; nes of the throat and releases a baradero; place for ships to moor toxin that damages the heart and dirección tirahan ¿quál es su di- the nervous system rección? Saan ka nakatira? digerir tunaw digerible matunaw directo direkta; tuloy-uloy; madali dilema fem. sapilitang pamimili sa dirigir akayin; ngayon; agad; kag- dalawang bagay na kapwa hindi yat; kapagdaka gusto disciplina disiplina; sumupil fem. diletante delitante; taong maalam discípulo discípulo; somebody who magkumpuni ng maliliit na sira; believes in and follows the teach- taong mapanira ng kinukumpuni ings of a leader, a philosophy, or a diluvio dilubyo; gunaw; baha mas. religion mas. a fem. dimensión dimensyon; sukat lawak discrepancia f kaibhan; a distinct difference between two things 113

doctor

such as sets of figures that should rangal; mukhang mahal na tao match or correspond fem. destino destinasyon; paroroonan; discriminación f diskriminasyon; predetermined end of a trip; tad- pagtatangi laban sa unfair treat- hana; destino somebody's preor- ment of one person or group, usu- dained future mas. ally because of prejudice about distinguir kilalanin; recognize dif- race, ethnicity, age, religion, or ferences between people or things gender discriminar pakisamahan distinto dibrensya; iba; distinguido nang may itinatangi distraído lumilipad ang isip; tend- disculpar paumanhin; patawad ing to be preoccupied or forgetful disculparse Makikiraan! Pasinsya! distrito mas. distrikto; an area of a discurso talumpati; pagsasalita; a town or country talk given to an audience mas. disturbios abala; gulo; balisa discrepar hindi pabor; to be dissi- disyuntiva fem. alternatibo; pipili- milar or unlike an, possibility of choosing; pagka- discreto mahinahon; maingat tact- kataong makapili sa dalawang ba- ful; good at keeping secrets gay; mapamimilian disculparse pasinsya pedir per- diurno tuwing araw; araw … dón humingi ng tawad diversión nakakatuwa; saya; tuwa disenteria fem. daragis; dysenteri- fue muy divertido Ayan ay naka- ya; a disease of the lower intestine katuwa. caused by infection with bacteria, diverso sari sari; iba-iba; magka- protozoans or parasites and mark- kaiba diversos several, various ed by severe diarrhea, inflamma- dividendo mas. dibidendo; pakina- tion, and the passage of blood and bang; company profits paid pro ra- mucus ta to stockholders disfraz mas. balatkayo; pagtitipon dividir hatiin, to separate or split ng mga nakasuot ng balatkayo s.th. igual hatian at/o maskara divinidad fem. bathala; diyos; a disfrutar pakasaya; saya; enjoy god, goddess, or other being re- dislate mas. kalokohan; kauluan; garded as divine kawalang saysay; meaningless divorcio m hiwalay; paghihiwalay language or behavior an ending of a marriage by an of- dislexia fem. disleksya; a learning ficial decision disorder marked by a severe dif- divulgación fem. paalala; ibalita: a ficulty in recognizing and under- public statement giving people in- standing written language, leading formation or news, or the making to spelling and writing problems of the statement dispar hindi parehong; not the sa- divulgar magbunyag; magsiwalat me dobladillo mas. lupi; tupi; a neat disparador mas. gatilyo; gato; ka- nonfraying edge made by folding labilan; small lever that fires a gun fabric over and stitching it down disparar barilan; fire weapon doblar lupi; lumupi; plegable disparate walang halaga; kaloko- doble dobel; ibayo doblar tupi; tu- han; kaululan; bagay na walang piin; being twice as much or many kapararakan; katarantaduhan doblez pulopot; magtiklop disputa awat; conflicto mas. ali- doce dose; labing dalawa docena tan; hidwan; sigalutan; an angry dosena dispute doctor mas. doktor; manggagamot distancia f distansya; layo en la ¿Dónde está el doctor más cer- lejanía sa malayo cano? Saan ang pinakamalapit na distinguido bantog; mabunyi; ma- 114 doctrina

doctor? Necesito un doctor. Ka- bing, talaga. ilangan ko ang doktor. Mario dorso balik; babalik; ibalik; likod quiere convertirse en doctor. dosis fem. dose; a measured qua- Magdodoktor si Mario. ntity of medication doctrina f doktrina; Ang buod ng dos dos; dalawa mga doktrina. pandoktrina; ma- dos puntos mas. tutuldog, the paggiit ng sariling paninwala sa iba punctuation mark (:) used to divi- documento dokumento docu- de distinct but related sentence mentación dokumentasyon fem. components such as clauses in dogma pandoktrina; mapaggiit ng which the second elaborates on sariling paninwals sa iba mas. the first, or to introduce a list, dolencia karamdaman; sakit; pag- quotation, or speech. kakasakit fem. ailment, complaint dote mas. fem. ubad; bigay-kaya; dolor m masakit sentir dolor may kaloob sa pag-aasawa ng isang sakit tengo dolor masakit ako babae; bride's family's gift to the Tengo dolor de estómago aking bridegroom sikmura ay masakit dragón dragon; a mythical creature doméstico alagang hayob del ho- that has green scaly skin, wings, gar domestik and a long tail, and breathes fire domingo linggo; domingo semanal drama f drama; dula dramático linggo linggo; weekly; every week dramatiko dramatización f dra- don 1 ginoo; courtesy title, used be- matisasyon fem. magdula fore Christian names mas. drástico drastiko; mahigpit; mara- don 2 regalo; pasalubong don de has; powerful in effect acierto happy knack don de len- drenaje mas. Patuyuin, Alisan ng guas regalo para sa mga wika don tubig. de mando leadership, pamumuno droga f droga farmaceútico dro- donación f donasyon; pagbibigay; gista drogadicta adik; sugapa; paghahandog donador ang nag- taong sugapa sa narkotiko; lalo sa bigay s.body who gives something heroina droguería parmasiya doncella fem. birhen; dalaga; ma- ducha f ligo ducharse maligo linis na babae; kamarera duda f duda, alinlangan; katanung- dónde nasaan; saan; an adverb an; think something unlikely no used to ask a question about the cabe duda (de) que maaaring place that somebody or something walang duda na is in, at, coming from, or going to duelista m duwelista duelo duele; ¿Dónde está…? Saan …? ¿Dón- duwelo; formal fight over matter de vives? Saan ka nakatira? ¿Dó- of honor mas. nde vas? Nasaan pupunta mo? dueño may-ari ser dueño del ba- ¿Dónde está el hotel? Saan ang ile magkaroon ng kontrol sa sitwa- hotel? syon doña fem. ginang; courtesy title, dulce tamis dulces kendi endulzar used before Christian names tamisan dorado magdurado; covered with duna dune; hill of sand fem. gilt duplicado duplikado duplicación dormirse tutulog; magtulog dor- magkatulad; kapareho duplicar milón antok dormirse agaw-tulog duplikahin no pude dormirme walang tulog durante durante, habang; saman- Me voy a dormir ahora. Ma- talang; throughout a period or tutulog na ako. Dormimos muy event bien. Nakatulog ako ng mahim- duradero pangmatagalan mas. duro mahirap; hirap; matigas 115

elección E e at (before i and hi) see y padre e edén paraiso; langit; in the Bible, hijo ama at anak na lalaki Saben the garden where Adam and Eve hablar francés e inglés. Nagsa- first lived mas. salita sila ng Pranses at Ingles. edificar magtayo; build ebrio lasing; boratso; lango; hav- edificación pagtatayo, building ing drunk too much alcohol editar inilathala editorial mag- echar hagis echarse hagisan; to palathala; publishing send something from the hand educación pinagaralan; edukasyon eclipse eklipse; laho; the partial or fem. educado galang educativo complete hiding from view of an edukesonal astronomical mas. efecto epekto; isagawa en efecto eco eko; alingawngaw mas. oo, sa katotohanan; sa katunayan ecológico ekolohiyal; the study of ego ego egoismo egoismo; maka- the relationships between living sarili; Labis na pagpapahalaga sa organisms and thei r interactions sarili. egoista egoísta mas. at with their natural or developed fem. Taong magpapahalaga sa environment ecologista ekolo- sarili. egoistika deboto sa pag- hista bibigaykasiyahan sa sarili economía ekonomiya; the produc- eje mas. ehe; a shaft on which a tion and consumption of goods and wheel or set of wheels revolves services of a community regarded eje tándem dalawang mga ehe as a whole fem. ejecución f bitay; the killing of s.b. económico ekonomya economista as part of a legal or extralegal pro- ekonomista ecosistema ekosy- cess linchar bitayin stema ejemplo konyari; ehemplo; halim- ecuación fem. ekwalente; a mathe- bawa; muwestra; tumikim; some- matical statement that two ex- thing that is representative by pressions, usually divided by an virtue of having typical features of equal sign, are of the same value the thing it represents por ejem- ecuador ekwardor, likhang isip na plo para sa halimbawa guhit na naghahati sa daigdig sa ejército hukbo; sandatahang lakas dalawang agkstulad na bahagi el 1 ang definite article mas. Sing. eczema eksema; naknak; an in- el libro ang aklat el perro ang flammation of the skin characteri- aso el de ang ng los Mas. Sing. zed by reddening and itching and los libros ang mga aklat los the formation of scaly or crusty perros ang mga aso Mas. Pl. patches that may leak fluid fem. él 2 siya (mas. at walang kasarian) edad edad; gulang a los diez años es alemana aleman siya es edad na 10 menor de edad bata francés siya ay Prans pa llevo siglos esperando hintay elástico elastiko; nababanat; des- sa tamang edad grupo de edades cribes an object or substance that kagulang de edad matandang can return quickly to its original ko de corta edad kabataan de shape and size after being bent, mediana edad, de edad madura stretched, or squashed nasa katanghaliang-gulang ¿qué elección eleksiyon; halalan electo edad tiene? ilang taon siya? de maghalal elector manghahalal edad ya madura sa katang-ha- votante manghahalal elegir gu- liang-gulang la edad de sa edad sto pa; pilin pa decidir hacer ng algo maghalal 116 elección elección mapili no tuve alternati- embarcadero pantalan; dauungan va Wala akong mapagpilian. tú embarcar lumulan sa bapor eliges pumili ka. embargar ilitin; to take somebo- eléctrico elektika electricidad el- dy's property with authority 1 ektisidad; koryente electricista embargo umilit; sumamsam 2 elektrisista electrocutar koryenti- embargo Pagbabawal ng pamaha- hin electrónica elektronkia elec- laan sa mga bapor na makapasok trón elektrono apagón walang o makalabas ng puwesto. mas. kuriyente embarrancar antala embarran- elefanta elepante; gadya fem. carse stranded without any mean elegancia elegansiya elegante ele- of getting home gante; makisig; magara embaucar dayain; ipahkanulo; elemental panimula; elementar- mag-kanulo; mandaya; deceive ya; pangmababang baitang somebody elemento elemento; bahagi sang- embestida fem. tuligsa; atake; lu- kap; kalikasan mas. sob embestir lusubin; salakay el mío akin eso libro es mío ang emboscada tambang tender una aking aklat; ang aklat ko emboscada a tambangan elevar magtaas; itaas; iangat ele- embragar may kasunduang paka- varse pagtayo; bangon sal; having agreed to get married élite fem. piling-pili sa grupo ng embriaguez paglasing embriagar- mga pili se maglasing; naklalasing ella siya (fem. at walang kasarian) embrión similya; human offspring Ella no tiene trabajo, pero él in initial developmental stage; bilig; trabaja en una fábrica. Hindi binhi mas. niya ay sa trabaho, ngunit siya ay embudo mas. imbudo; utensil us- tatrabaho sa isang factory. Yo ed in pouring liquids siempre voy a Francia, pero embuste manlilinlang; an insignifi- ellos prefieren Italia. Nagpu- cant or harmless lie embustero punta ako palaging sa Pransiya, mas. balasubas; manggagantso; ngunit mas gusto siya Italyia. magdaraya; tekas; manananso; ellas kanila Ellas estudian. Kanila suwitik ba estudyante. ¿Estudian ellas? embrujar engkantihin bruja bruha; Kanila ba estudyante? manggagaway; mangkukulam ello siya (walang kasarian) brujería panggagaway ellos sila (plural) dicen que ... sila embutido mas. embutido; longga- sabi … nisa; suriso; a tube of animal inte- elocuencia kahusayyang; notable stine with finely chopped meat speaking ability fem. emergencia emerhensiya en caso elogiable kapuri-puri; maipagkaka- de emergencia sa kaso ng emer- puri; deserving praise hensiya Es una emergencia. Ito elogio mas. puri elogiar magpuri ay isang emerhensiya. embajada fem. embahada; the re- emigrante emigrante; mandayu- sidence and place of business of han emigrar mandayuhan mang- an ambassador embajado(a) am- ibang-lupain emigración emigra- basador; embahador syon; pagdayo, to live in another embalar balut embalaje balutin country embarazada magbuntis; carrying emoción fem. emosyon; damdamin off-spring within body sentimental emosyonal emotivo embarazoso mapahiya; ilagay sa Bunga ng damdamin kahiya-hiya; embarrassing empacho mas. maysakit na sikmu- ra; a mild illness of the stomach 117

encuadrar empanada fem. empanada; in Spa- out at set intervals mas. nish, Filipino, or Latin American encaje puntas; suot mas. cuisine, a turnover with a spicy encanecer 1 kulay abo; grey (pelo) filling or in Mexican cuisine, one encanecer 2 matanda; grow old with a sweet filling encantador gayuma; matuwa; ma- empapar adj. magpigta; magba- galak; kalugud-lugod; kagiliw-gi- bad; basaing mabuti; to make liw; kasiya-siya encantar guma- very wet yuma; cast supposed spell on s.b. emparedado mas. sandwich encantadora mahikero; an enter- empaste lagay; plug for decayed tainer who performs conjuring tooth mas. empastar lumagay tricks and illusions máquina ma- empeñar sangla; something given kina fem. at mas. as security monte de piedad ba- encante f subasta; sale by bidding hay-sanglaan subastador subastador puja empieza simula El curso de espa- tampa ñol empieza el lunes. Ang kastila encarnación sumilang na muli; kurso simula sa Lunes. ipanganak na muli fem. emperador emperador; a man who encéfalo mas. utak; organ of rules an empire mas. thought and feeling empezar simula principio simulan encendedor pansindi ng sigarilyo empleado empleado empleo em- encerar sera; naturally-occurring pleyo empresario Ang may pa- greasy substance trabaho. encerado uli; oil-treated cloth; ma- empleo gamit modo de empleo sera mas. gamitin emplear gamitan encerrona f sapilitang pamimili sa emporio mas. am. pamilihan; ku- dalawang bagay na kapwa hindi long na gusali na katatagpuan ng gusto; dilemma mga tindahan; kainan at iba’t enchufe saksak casquillo saksak- bang an; bakal ng kabayo South Am. empresa kompanya; negosyo fem. encía f gilagid; flesh around teeth empuñadura fem. hawakan; pulu- encima taas; itaas; ibabaw; higit han; a device for holding some- sa used to indicate a position di- thing firmly empuñar hawak; a rectly above something encima holding action de sa / nasa taas/itaas/ibabaw ng empujón dumuldol; magtulak; por encima over magsalya; push, shove; dig, poke encinta buntis; magbuntis en preposition sa en que na en un encoger lumiliit; umurong; kum- lugar sa ang lugar en viéndole ibal; umikli; make or become nakita ko sa kanya ¿en qué lo smaller notas? paano maaari mong sa- encolar pandikit; kola; animal- bihin? en mi casa nasa aking ba- based adhesive hay en coche sa pamamagitan ng encolerizarse nagngingitngit; get kotse angry, see red; galit na galit enamorarse nang buong pagma- enconarse magnana; magnaknak; mahal estar enamorado de ma- to produce pus because of an in- pagmahal fection or ulceration enano mas. duwende na ayon sa encominar magpupuri; lumuwal- alamat ay bantay ng nakabaong hati; to give glory to kayamanan; a small stocky ima- encontrarse kita; get together ginary being resembling a human encuadrar kuwarto; surrounding encabezamiento sensus; an offi- framework for something cial count of a population carried 118 encuentro encuentro engkwentro; come up engañar iligaw; dayain; ipahkanu- against something lo; magkanulo; mandaya encuesta fem. pagboto; a questi- engaño daga; lalang; linang; pa- oning of the population or of a re- kana lalang; panloloko presentative sample to tally opini- engaños daya estafar algo a al- ons or gather other information guien dayaan engañar dayain endeble mahina ang loob engordar magpataba; to make an endeudado adj. utangan endeu- animal fat by feeding it plentifully damiento pautang endeudarse engorro mas. mangyamot; manli- may utang galig; to trouble by repeated at- endibia fem. schikoree tacks endogamia nagmula sa mga ni- engrudo pandikit; kola; animal- nunong mga mag-kakamag-anak based adhesive sa loob ng matagal na panahon engullir lumunok; lagukin; lumu- endosar inendorso; pumirma sa lon; swallow something fast likod ng tseke; sumang-ayon; enhorabuena binabati dar la en- pagtibayin; endorse horabuena bumabati estar de eneldo mas. dill; the leaves or enhorabuena may suwerte seeds of an aromatic herb enigma talinghaga; palaisipan; enema mas. labatibo; the insertion somebody or something that is not of a liquid into the bowels via the easily explained or understood rectum as a treatment enjabonar sabon; cleansing agent enemigo kaalit; kalaban; kadigma; enjambre kawan; a large group of kaaway; katunggali insects; to form a flying group energía enerhya; kuriyente; lakas enojado galit estar enfadado o energía nuclear f nuclear power; enojado con alguien poot na the power, usually electrical or galit motive power, produced by nucle- enojo galit; a strong feeling of ar fission or fusion grievance and displeasure enojar enero Enero Tenemos vacaciones kagalitan en enero. Magbabakasyon kami enjudo adj. tuyo; yope; payat; pat- sa Enero. patin; buto’t balat colloquial a pie enfadado galit estar enfadado o enjudo tuyong paa enojado con alguien poot na enorme tangkad; pagkakalaki-laki galit enfadar kagalitan ensacar sako; large bag enfadar gumusot; galit; annoy ensalada insalata; ensalada enfermedad karamdaman; may- enseguida adj. dagli; daka; agad- sakit enfermera narse enfermo agad; kaagad; kagyat; dagli-dag- maysakit; affected by an illness lian enfermero narse; maysakit enfer- ensenada fem. look; curved inlet of mería Magalaga ng maysakit the sea Creo que estoy enfermo. Parang enseña fem. bandera; watawat maysakit ako. enseñar turo; magturo; tuturo; enfermizo hindi kalusugan; un- tinuturo; to impart knowledge or healthy, or tending to be frequent- skill to somebody by instruction ly ill enseñar ipapakita; tuturo ense- enfrente kabila; positioned so as to ñanza matutuhan face somebody or something from ensueño mas. panaginip; panga- the other side of an intervening rap; sequence of mental images space; al lado de la carretera en- during sleep de ensueño parang frente de sa/nasa kabila’ ng panaginip ente buhay; pamumuhay; some- 119

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thing that exists mas. meeting for asking questions entender intindi entender mal entró pasok; go in, come in, enter nintindihan malentendido hindi entrar en papasok maintindihan Comprendo main- entrometido osisa; pakialam; ten- tindi ko. tengo entendido que ... ding to interfere in other people's maintindihan ako … No compren- concerns do. hindi ko maintindihan a mi entusiasta masigla entusiasmo entender sa aking opinyon pananabik; passionate interest enterrar ilibing entierro burol fo- enviado mas. mensahero enviar sa nakalibing tumba libing ce- padala menterio libinghan envidia hili; inggit; selosa; wanting entero lahat; buo por entero laha- what somebody else has tan; ganap; wholly, completely envío mas. patinda; inangkat; a entierro mas. libing; the act or ce- quantity or package of goods de- remony of putting a dead body livered or to be delivered into the ground envolver magbalot; magbalabal; to entonces adj. dating; noon desde wind or fold round as a covering entonces since then liar el petate balutin ang mga entorno palibot; paligid; kalikasan gamit at alis entrada intras ; pasokan libre en- épica epiko; mahabang tula tungkol trada libreng intras Aqui es la sa kabayanihan fem. entrada. Dito ang intras. a la en- epidemia epidemya; salot; sakit na trada sa pasukhan/entrada nakahahawa na mabilis kualat f entrañas f bituka; an animal's or epilepsia fem. epilepsiya; a medi- person's internal organs pl. cal disorder involving episodes of entrante mas. the first course of a irregular electrical discharge in the meal, pampagana brain entrar magpasok entrar a simula epistaxis fem. balingoyngoy; a sa entrar en papasok nasa/ sa flow of blood from the nose loob entrar en casa papasok sa epitafio lapida; Ang nakasulat sa bahay lapida. mas. inscription entre pagitan; preposition indica- época panahon; kapanahunan; a ting an intermediate point between significant period in history or in two places, people, or times entre somebody's life fem. de sa/ nasa pagitan ng entre equidad fem. katarungan; katuwir- otras cosas Bukod sa iba pang an; the legal system, or the act of mga bagay applying or upholding the law entreacto intermisyon; pahinga equilibrio ekilibrio mas. pagkatim- entreacto pagitan; interbal; a per- bang; pagkamatatag mas. bodily iod of time between one event and balance; emotional stability; situ- the next ation of balance entregar dala; carry something to equipaje abasto; bagahe; mga ma- somebody enviar padala leta mas. luggage piece of luggage entrenamiento ensayo; acquiring equipo mas. ekwikumento; neces- of skill, pagsasanay sary items entresuelo mas. entresuwelo; a equivocación kamali equivocado low story, especially one between mali; magkamali; wrong, mistaken the first floor and the second floor era panahon; edat; a period of time in a building made distinctive by a significant entretanto mamaya maya; sam- development, feature, event, or antala; meanwhile, meantime personality fem. entrevista f interbiyu; panayam; 120 erguido erguido tuwid; magtayo; straight pula na may hiwatig na kulay-ka- and vertical hel fem. erial ilang; wasteland; barren re- escarlatina lagnat na nakahaha- gion; uncultivated wa na kakabit ay pulang pama- erizo eriso mas. a small animal mantal sa katawan at pangang- that has a round body with stiff aliskis ng balat fem. spines on the back escarnio mas. panunuya; pagkut- ermitaña f taon namumuhay nang ya; words or behavior intended to tahimik at mag-isa; ermitanyo make somebody or something look erosión agnas; the gradual wearing silly or ridiculous escarnecer ta- away of rock or soil by physical wanan; libakin; kutyain; uyamin; breakdown fem. to laught at erótico m makamundo; erotika; si- escarola fem. eskarola; a plant ning o literatura na ang pokus ay grown for its tightly packed curly seksuwal na relasyon o pag-ibig leaves. use in salads erradicar lumipol escenario dula mas. dulaan; the error magkamali; mali Todos co- area in a theater where a perfor- metemos errores. lahat ay mali mance takes place eructar dumighay; noise made escéptico mapagduda; mangungu- through mouth tya; mapanguyam; taong mapan- esbelto adj. balingkinitan; patpat- gutya; mapag-aglahi mas. in; slender and well-proportioned esclavo alipin; somebody who is escabeche mas. tinimplang sarisa- forced to work for somebody else ring rekado suka, toyo, sili, ba- for no payment and is regarded as wang en escabeche ibabad ang the property of that person escla- isda o karne sa tinimplang sari- vitud pagkaalipin esclavizar ali- saring rekado pinan escabel mas. timbanin; simple seat escoba f walis; brush for sweeping with three or four legs and no escollo mas. pababa; bangin; ta- back or armrests lampas; Matarik na dalisdis escafandra damit na sisid esconder tago; to conceal yourself, escala hagdan; baitang balanse; or something or somebody else, kilohan from view escondite taguan ocul- escaldar sugat na apoy to magtago escalera f hagdanang escalera de escondrijo balahibo; hiding-place incendios fire-escape escalera escoplo mas. pait; a tool for cutting mecánica, escalera móvil, esca- and shaping stone (cincel mas.) lera rodante eskalador escorpio alakdan; ulapihan; atang- escalofriante nakatatakot; naka- atang mas. a nocturnal arachnid pangingilabot; causing fear escribir magsulat; susulat; to put escalón hakbang paso a paso words on paper escribir, tomar hakbang sa hakbang nota de sulatan caligrafía sulat escalopa fem. cutlet; a flat, bone- kamay less piece of meat that will serve escritor awtor; mayakda; mangan- one person gatha; manunulat mas. escándalo iskandalo escandalizar escroto mas. skrotum; pouch con- magbigay sa iskandalo taining the testicles escaparate mas. bintana ng tinda- escuchar makinig; listen to han; shop window escudella a stew made with sau- escarabajo umang; salaginto mas. sages fem. escarlata iskarlata; matingkad na escudo panangga; sangga escudo térmico sangga ng mainit 121

esperar escuela paaralan; eskuwelahan 195,364 sq mi Official name: escupir dumura; lawayan; spit out Kingdom of Spain escrúpulos mahigpit; iskupuloso español kastila española espan- ese is used for singular nouns that yola ¿Cómo se dice en español? are close to the speaker but not so anóng tawag diyán sa kastila? close. itó, iré, aré, nirénitó, iyón, ¿Hable usted español? Nagsasa- niyón, niré, iyan; iyon esa (fem. lita ka ba kastila? Si, hablo es- pl.) eso (walang kasarian) esas pañol un poquito. Oo, nagsasali- (fem. pl.) ¡exactamente! iyang – ta ako kastila kauti lang. ¿Hay iyan! ese coche iyang kotse esa alguien aqui que hable espa- casa iyang bahay esos coches ñol? Mayroon bang kahit sino dito iyang mga kotse esas casas na nagsasalita ng Espanyol? iyang mga bahay espantar takot espantarse tuma- esencia fem. mga nilikha; mga ni- kot; get frightened; get scared lalang espantoso kakali; kilabot me sien- esencial kailangan; lubhang kai- to fatal pakiramdam ko kilabot langan; very importend; mahala- espárragos m asparagos; a spear- ga; makabuluhan shaped young plant shoots mas. esfera bilog; globo fem. an object espasmo pulikat; hilab; an involun- similar in shape to a ball tary sudden muscle contraction esforzado adj. matapang; bida; especia pangpalasa; aromatic plant having or showing courage substance used as flavoring fem. eslogan sawikain; pamansag; sala- especial ispesyal ¿Cuál es el plato wikain; a short distinctive phrase del dia de hoy? Ano ang ulam used to identify a company or ngayon? organization or its goals especialidad espesyalidad; pinag- esófago mas. mumog; lalamunan; dalubhasaan fem. specialty the esophagus or throat especialmente lalo; used to single espacio lugar Había espacio para out one among a range especial- todos. Nagkaroon lugar para sa mente Mario lalo na si Mario lahat. espacioso malawak; malu- especialmente en Manila lalo wang; malaki na sa Maynila espacioso malawak; maluwang; especialista eksperto; dalubhasa contains much space espectáculo ipapakita; panoorin; espada ispada; kalis espadas spa- palabas; a performance or display des fem. especulador manonood; miron; a espaguetis mas. pl. ispageti; simi- person who looks on mas. lar to bolognese. It is especular hinuhain; consider possi- made with banana instead bilities of tomato sauce, sweetened with espejo salamin; highly reflective sugar and topped with surface mas. mirror slices. espera hintay llevo siglos espe- espalda f likod; balikat dolor de rando hintay sa tamang edad sa- espalda masakit nang likot tengo la de espera hintayang kuwarto dolor de espaldo. aking likod ay ¿Dónde está la sala de espera? masakit. espaldilla paypay Saan ang hintayang kuwarto? España fem. Espanya; country in ¡Espereme! Maghintay para sa southwestern Europe on the Ibe- akin! rian Peninsula, east of Portugal. esperanza pag-asa esperar algo Language: Spanish Currency: euro inaasahan ng isang bagay Capital: Madrid Population: esperar asahan esperar que um- 40,000,000 Area: 505,990 sq km 122 esperma

aasa na esperar que expect that espuma fem. himulmol; mass of inaasahan na esperar que mag- bubbles of air on the surface of a hintay hanggang liquid espumoso mabula; may esperma tamod; a male reproduc- mga bula tive cell gamete that has an oval esqueleto kalansay; bones of per- head with a nucleus, a short neck, son or animal mas. and a tail by which it moves to find esquina f gilid; kanta ¡Gire en la and fertilize an ovum mas. at fem. esquina! Liko sa kanto! espermatozoide spermatozoon esquina fem. kanto, place where espia mas. fem. batyaw; espiya; two roads meet en el esquina sa/ ispyha; somebody employed to nasa kanto ng ¡Gire en la esqui- obtain secret information na! Liko sa kanto! espina 1 buto ng isda; tusok fem. esta ito éste/ésta es ... ito ay … espina 2 tusok; tinik;sharp point on esto es bueno ito ay mabuti plant stem espinoso matusok estabilidad fem. tibay; tatag; the espía ispyha fem. espiar ispyonahe condition of being stable espinacas petsay; plant with edible estabilizar magpatatag; magpa- leaves fem. tibay; make or become stable espinazo mas. gulugod; ispinal; li- establo mas. kabalyeriste; a buld- kod lakas at tibay ng loob ing where horses and cattle are espinilla f lulod; front of lower leg kept and fed espiral f paikot; ikid; likaw; estación istasyon; a place along a espíritu ispireto; kaluluwa exorci- train or bus route estación las ze ginagamot; magpalayas ng ma- lluvias tag-ulan samang espiritu sa pamamagitan estadístico estadistika; macrosco- ng mga dasal pic systems analysis using particle espiritista mas. espiritista; a per- statistics mas. son who believes that the dead estado estado estado del biene- communicate with the living star welfare state; a political sy- espiritual kabanalan; devotion to stem in which a government as- spiritual things sumes the primary responsibility espléndido maningning; maluning- for assuring the basic health, edu- ning; brilliant cation, and financial well-being of esplendor mas. luwalhati; kaluwal- all its citizens through programs hatian; dilag; rangya and direct assistance mas. espontáneo bukal; likas; katutubo; estadio arenata; istadyum mas. kusang loob; kusa estafa fem. daya; kanulo estafar esporádico kalat-kalat; occurring dayain; ipahkanulo; magkanulo; at intervals that have no apparent mandaya m deceive somebody pattern estancia hinto; tirahan; sakahan esposa asawa; bana; esposa (fem.) (South America) fem. Él / ella es mi esposa / esposo. estanco hindi pinapasok ng tubig Siya ang asawa ko. Esta es mi estandarte mas. standardo; huwa- esposa Jevie. Ito ang asawa ko. ran; tula ran; modelo; saligan; Siya si Jevie. uliran 1 esposas pangaw; posas; wrist re- estaño istanyo; a silvery, easily straints mas. shaped metallic element. Source: esposo asawa; esposo (mas.) oxide ore. Use: alloys such as esprint mas. na paka bilis; harurut; solder, bronze, and pewter, pro- short swift race; tumakbo nang tective coating for steel. Symbol mabilis sa malapitang distansiya Sn mas. estaño 2 lata; a sealed metal con- 123

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tainer in which food or drink is way of doing something mas. preserved mas. estimación f tantiya estimar tan- estanque mas. maliit na lawa tiyano calculate something roughly estante mas. estante; a flat, usu- estio mas. tag-init; tag-araw; the ally rectangular board on which warmest season of the year things are stored or displayed estipulación fem. kasunduan estar ay; a verb used most com- estipular itadhana; itakda; demand monly to link the subject of a as a condition of agreement clause to a complement in order to estómago m sikmura Tengo dolor give more information about the de estómago aking sikmura ay subject, e.g. its identity, nature, masakit tener buen estómago attributes, position, or value está mahid sa mga insulto o masakit na bien sige estoy leyendo ako ay salita; makapal ang balat babasa estamos a 3 de mayo esto ito; ito; iyan pronoun en esto ngayon ay ang ikatlo ng Mayo ¿a sa puntong ito cuántos estamos? anong petsa estofa klase; kalidat; the general na? está bien sige estar de más standard or grade of something ay kalabisan estar mal ay sakit estorbo sagabal; isturbo; the act of estar para maging si estar para obstructing progress maging sa mood para sa estar estornudo m bahing; hatsing; to por hilig sa ¿Está Laura? Ay si suddenly, forcefully, and invol- Laura ba dito? ¿Dónde está Lau- untarily expel air through the nose ra? Saan si Laura? Laura está estrabismo mas. banlag; have the en el baño. si Laura ay nasa loob eyes not looking in parallel ng kubeta. estrada maluwang na lansangang estatua fem. estatuwa; bantayog; sadya para sa matuling bibiyahe a three-dimensional image estrangular bigtihin horca bigtihan 1 este masculine singular pronoun, estrategia f stratehiya; estratehiya is used for singular nouns that are a carefully devised plan of action close to the speaker. itó, iré, aré, to achieve a goal niré, nitó, iyón, niyón, niré ésta estrecho mas. kipot; a narrow feminine singular ito (iyan), éstos channel connecting two larger bo- masculine plural, éstas feminine dies of water plural ito (iyan) este libro itong estrella fem. bituin estrellado ma- aklat esta camisa itong kamisa bituin estos libros itong mga aklat estremecerse mangatog; kalog; estas camisas itong mga kamisa alugin shake slightly uncontrollably esta tarde itong hapon estreñimiento mas. hindi pagka- 2 este silangan; direction in which dumi; a condition in which a per- sun rises son or animal has difficulty in eli- estercolar tae ng mga hayob; the minating solid waste from the bo- solid excrement of animals dy and the feces are hard and dry esterilidad malinis; isterilisado; estribor adj. estribor; kanang pa- ang mga tuntunin sa panganga- nig ng bapor laga sa kalusugan fem. estricto istrikto; mahigpit; mabag- esterilizar magpakulo; to make sik; exact, precise, or narrowly in- sterile terpreted mas. eterno walang hanggan; walang estropear sumira ng trabaho; sakit mulat; walang katapusan estruendo bumasag; basak; collide estético estetiko; sensitive to or violently appreciative of art or beauty mas. estuario estero; wawa; bunganga estilo stilo; istilo; distinctive form; 124 estudiante

ng ilog; section of a river meeting tibayan; patotoo; easy or clear to the sea mas. see or understand estudiante estudyante; mag-aaral evitar iwasan; umiwas; umilag; soy estudiante ako ay estudyan- break free from captivity te estudio estudy aral evolución f ebolusiyon; theory of estúpida gago adj. (feminin) estú- development from earlier forms pido(maskulin) (bobo, hangal, exacto eksakto; huno; ganap; ac- ugok, tanga, boba, gago) lacking curate and correct in all important intelligence or common sense. details estupidez hangal; tanga; istupido ¡exactamente! iyang–iyan! Tum- eternidad fem. walang simula at pak! used to indicate agreement walang wakas; pagiging imortal that what has just been said is eterno adj. walang katapusan; wa- true or correct lang wakas examen eksaminasiyon; pagsisi- ética etika; tuntunin ng moralidad yasat mas. the process of looking etimologia fem. etimolohiya; the at and considering something care study of the origins of words or fully with the idea of learning s.th. parts of words and how they have excavación paghuhukay; hole ma- arrived at their current form and de by digging fem. meaning exceder lumampas; lumabis; hi- etiqueta fem. etiketa; informative gitan; to go beyong (sobrepasar) item attached to something excepto puwera; akalako excep- etnologia fem. etnolohiya; the ción puwerahin scientific comparison of different excesivo hindi dapat; more than is cultures acceptable euro mas. (moneda) yuro; the excitación fem. pagkabigla; pag- main currency unit of the Eu- kagulat; the feeling or condition of ropean Union, used since 2002 lively enjoyment or pleasant an- europea yuropa europeo yurope- ticipation yan exclusivo ekslusibo; hindi kasa- evacuación f ebakwasyon; pag- ma; maliban; pili mas. iwan, pag-lisan excomulgar ekskomunikasyon; ex- evacuar ebakuwete; lumisan; mag- clude somebody from Christian iwan; to empty a dangerous place community evaluación f ebalwasyon; pagsu- excusa fem. makikiraan; pasyen- suri; assessment of value; state- s(i)ya; humingi ng tawad; forgive ment of value something perdone; ¡lo siento! evangelico adj. ebangheliko; a pasyens(i)ya ako member or adherent of any deno- excepto preposition pwera sa, ma- mination of the Western Christian liban sa; indicating the only per- church that rejects papal authority son or thing that does not apply to and some fundamental Roman a statement just made, or a fact Catholic doctrines, and believes in that modifies the truth of that justification by faith statement a excepción de mali- evaporarse natutuyo; sumigaw; ban sa change liquid to vapor exequias fem. pl. hulingparangal evasión fem. pag-iwas; to get para sa patay free from captivity or confinement exhibición fem. ekshibisyon exhi- eventual adj. kaypala; marahil; ba- bición-venta sales exhibit ka; maaari exigido huwaran; tularan; modelo; evidente ebidente; katunayan; ka- saligan; uliran cumplir el nivel exigido hanggang sa standard 125

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estar por debajo del nivel exi- explicación eksplenasyon; paliwa- gido hindi hanggang sa standard nag fem. giving details or reasons existencia fem. buhay; pamumu- explosión pagsabog fem. hay explotación fem. pagpapaunlad; éxito mas. umasenso; the achieve- pagsasamantala; the practice of ment of something planned or at- taking selfish or unfair advantage tempted exitoso tagumpay of a person or situation exodo mas. eksodus; paglisan ng exposición ekshibityon; itanghal malaking bilang ng mga tao; a éxtasis kasiyahan; matinding su- departure of many people lak ng kasiyahan o iba pang uring exorcize ginagamot; magpalayas emosyon mas. ng masamang espiritu sa pama- extorsion fem. hingan sa pamama- magitan ng mga dasal gitan ng pananakot at pamimilit; expedición fem. ekspedisyon; a huthutan trip made by a group of people for extra adj. ekstra; dagdag; karag- a particular purpose dagan expensas fem. pl. gastos; mang- extranjero m banyaga; dayuhan; kano; puhunan ibang bansa; estranghero; ban- experimento eksperimento mas. yaga en el extranjero nasa ibang experto eksperto; dalubhasa mas. bansa o luhain extraño kano experiencia karanasan; knowledge eyaculación fem. bulalas; ibu- or skill acquired fem. lalas; to eject semen from the pe- nis during orgasm

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Ang mga bilang / Los números

Español Tagalog Spain-Tagalog 0 cero sero sero 1 uno/a isa uno 2 dos dalawa dos 3 tres tatlo tres 4 cuatro apat kuwatro 5 cinco lima singko 6 seis anim seis 7 siete pito site 8 ocho walo otso 9 nueve siyam nuwebe 10 diez sampo yes 11 once labing isa onse 12 doce labing dalawa dose 13 trece labing tatlo trese 14 catorce labing apat katorse 15 quince labing lima kinse 16 dieciséis labing anim disiseis 17 diecisiete labing pito disisite 18 dieciocho labing walo disiotso 19 diecinueve labing siyam disinuwebe 20 veinte dalawampu bente 21 veintiuno dalawampu’t isa bente uno 23 veintitrés dalawampu’t tatlo bente tres 30 treinta tatlumpu treinta 31 treinta y uno tatlumpu’t isa treinta uno 41 cuarenta y uno apatnapu’t isa kuwarenta uno 50 cincuenta limampu singkuwenta 51 cincuenta y uno limampu’t isa singkuwenta uno 60 sesenta animnapu seysinta 70 setenta pitumpu sitenta 80 ochenta walumpu otsenta 90 noventa siyamnapu nobenta 200 doscientos/as dalawangdaan 1000 mil o millar isanglibo 2000 dos mil dalawanglibo 10 000 diez mil sampunglibo 100 000 cien mil sandaanglibo 1 000 000 un millón sang angaw 1 000 000 000 mil millones sang bilyon

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Note: All numbers ending in uno shorten to un before masculine Nouns: un coche isang kotse veintiún libros dalawampu’t isang mga aklat treinta y un alumnos tatlumpu’t isang mga estudiyante and change to una when referring to feminine nouns: treinta y una preguntas tatlumpu’t isang mga tanong noventa y una mujeres siyamnapu’t isang mga babae

Note! uno shorten to un un libro before masculine nouns untill numeral 15 consist one word uno, dos, tres dieciséis be composed of diez y seis veintiocho be composed of veinte y ocho from 30 on are written separate treinta y dos y connect only unit doscientos cuarenta y siete cien is used alone or cien libros before nouns ciento is used before ciento cincuenta y numerals siete doscientos/-as from 200 on gender doscientos of the noun alumnos un millón/ billón is connected with un billón de de dólares quinientos/-as are not ruled setecientos/-as novecientos/-as

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Ordinal numbers /Números ordinales

Ordinal numbers /Números ordinales 1st primero/a una 2nd segundo/a pangalawa 3rd tercero/a pang atlo 4th cuarto/a pang apat 5th quinto/a pang lima 6th sexto/a pang anim 7th séptimo/a pang anim 8th octavo/a pang walo 9th noveno/a pang siyam 10th décimo/a pang sampo 12th duodécimo/a pang labing dalawa 20th vigésimo/a pang labing bente

Ordinal numbers are used less frequently in Spanish than in Tagalog. For example, as stated before (§30), Spanish uses an ordinal number only for the first of the month, and cardinal numbers after that:

El primero de mayo, el dos de agosto.

Beyond 10th, cardinal numbers are preferred. Thus, the fifteenth floor would be el piso quince.

Primero and tercero shorten to primer and tercer before masculine singular nouns: el primer capítulo, el tercer verso.

BUT: la primera versión, la tercera calle.

Titles of kings and Popes are written in Roman numerals and said in ordinal numbers:

Isabel IV, Juan Pablo II (read Isabel cuarta, Juan Pablo segundo) Notice that no article is used in this context.

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Century numbers are written in Roman numerals, but said in cardinal numbers after the tenth century:

Desde el siglo XV hasta el XIX (read quince and diecinueve) Desde el siglo VIII hasta el XII (read octavo and doce)

Fractions / Números quebrados

½ medio, media 1/11 un onzavo 1/3 un tercio 5/12 cincodozavos 2/3 dos terios 7/13 siete trezavos ¼ un cuarto 1 ½ uno y medio ½ tres cuatros 1 ¼ un(a) … y un cuarto 1/5 un quinto 2 ½ dos … y medio ⅛ un octavo 3 4/5 tres y cuatro quintos

Fractions are not used direct before the noun, they are always connect with the preposition de.

Un décimo de la población tiene Isang ikasampu ng populasyon menos de cinco años. ay mas bata pa sa limang taon.

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Los días de la semana/ Ang mga araw ng linggo

The days of the week are not capitalized in Spanish.

el lunes ang Lunes el martes ang Martes el miércoles ang Miyerkoles el jueves ang Huwebes el viernes ang Biyernes el sábado ang Sabado el domingo ang Linggo

The days of the week are all masculine.

¿Qué día es hoy? Anong araw ngayon?

Es viernes. Biyernes ngayon.

¿En serio? Pensé que era Talaga? Akala ko Sabado na. sábado.

Los sábados no tenemos clase. Wala kaming klase sa Sabado.

No tengo clase el lunes. Sa Lunes wala akong mga aralin.

The singular and plural forms of the days of the week that end in s are the same in Spanish. All you have to do is change the article!

No tengo clase el lunes. Wala akong klase sa Lunes.

No tengo clase los lunes. Wala akong aralin sa mga Lunes.

When used with the days of the week, the definite article has the special meaning “sa.”

No trabajo el lunes. Hindi nagtatrabaho ako sa Lunes.

No trabajo los martes. Hindi nagtatrabaho ako sa mga Martes. 131

Los meses / Ang mga buwan

enero Enero febrero Peprero marzo Marso abril Abril mayo Mayo junio Hunyo julio Hulyo agosto Agosto septiembre Setyembre octubre Oktubre noviembre Nobyembre diciembre Disyembre

Remember that Spanish does not use capitals for days of the week, months or seasons. la semana pasada sa nakaraang linggo el domingo que viene sa susunod na Linggo

Voy a Manila el viernes. Nagpupunta ako sa Manila sa Biyernes.

Tenemos vacaciones en enero. Magbabakasyon kami sa Enero.

Vamos a Manila el junio que Magpupunta kami sa Manila sa viene. susunod na Hunyo.

All of the names for months are masculine, although it usually isn't necessary to use the article el except when giving specific dates, and then the el comes before the number rather than the month.

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Ang mga petsa / las fechas

The basic formula is:

¿Qué fecha es hoy? ¿Qué día es hoy? Anong petsa na? ¿A cuántos estamos?

Days and months are not capitalized. To express the date, use the cardinal number and the preposition ‘de’.

Hoy es … de …. Ngayon ay ... ng ....

Hoy es viernes. Ngayon ay Biyernes.

Estamos a veinte de marzo. Ang dalawampung ng Marso na.

An exception is the first day of a month, here you can use uno or primero. Both is possible.

Es el uno/primero de enero. Ito ay isa / unang ng Enero.

After the first of the month, Spanish uses cardinal (regular) numbers for dates. el (ano) 12 de Cristo (a.C.) 12 B.C. el (ano) 37 despues de Cristo (d.C.) 37 A.C.

The definite article is needed except to state the current date, or when the date alone is given, such as in a letter or in a school exercise.

Mi cumpleaños es el veintinueve de mayo. Ang aking kaarawan ay ang dalawampu't-ikasiyam ng Mayo.

¿Cuál es la fecha? Hoy es (el) quince de agosto. Ano ang petsa? Ngayon ay (ang) Agosto 15.

La Habana, 15 de abril de 1898. Havana, Abril 15, 1898.

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Ang klima at panahon/ el clima y el tiempo

las estaciones (del año) ang panahon (ang taon) la primavera tag-sipol el verano tag-araw la canicula tag-init el otoño tag-lagas estación las lluvias tag-ulan el invierno tag-ginaw / tag-lamig

Some weather conditions are expressed with hace:

¿Qué tiempo hace hoy? Ano ang panahon ngayon?

Hoy hace sol. Ngayon ay maaraw.

Ayer hizo viento. Kahapon ay mahangin.

Hace buen tiempo. Maganda ang panahon.

Hace mucho calor en verano. Ito ay sobrang init sa tag-araw.

Está haciendo demasiado frío. Ito'y masyadong malamig.

Hizo fresco el miércoles. Sariwang sa Miyerkules.

La semana pasada hizo mal tiempo. Noong nakaraang linggo ang panahon ay masama.

Note that frío, calor, viento, etc. are nouns. "sobra" will have to be expressed with the adjective mucho / mucha:

Hizo mucho calor. Ito ay sobrang init.

Fue un día muy caliente. Ito ay isang napaka-init na araw.

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Ang oras / la hora

The basic formula is:

¿Qué hora es? Ano'ng oras na? Son las ... Alas ...

¿A qué hora tienen ustedes clases? Anong oras ka may mga klase?

To tell the time in Spanishare cardinal numbers with the article used.

Tagalog Kastila Ano'ng oras na? ¿Qué hora es? Ika- isa 1:00 es la una Ikalawa 2:00 son las dos Ikatlo 3:00 son las tres Ika-apat 4:00 son las quatro Ika-lima 5:00 son las cinco Ika-anim 6:00 son las seis Ika-pito 7:00 son las siete Ika-walo 8:00 son las ocho Ika-siyam 9:00 son las nueve Ika-sampu 10:00 son las diez Ika-labing-isa 11:00 son las onse Ika-labindalawa 12:00 son las dose

To say one o’clock una use the definite article singular. es la una alas-una

Es la una de la mañana. Alas ikaisa ng umaga.

After two o’clock use the definite article plural. son las dos alas-dos

Son las tres y media de la tarde. Alas ikatlo ng hapon.

In the colloquial speech is a system used which the clock devide in quarters. 135

For time after the hour, use ‘y’.

For time before the hour, use ‘menos’.

en punto

menos y cuarto menos cuarto y

y media

The first and second quarter after full hour:

Son las dos y cuarto. Labinlimang minuto makalipas ang ikalawa.

Es la una y veinticinco. Dalawampu't-limang minuto makalipas ang ika-isa.

The third and fourth quarter before after full hour:

Son las cuatro menos veinte. Apatnapung minuto makalipas ang ikatlo.

Son las ocho menos cuarto. Apatnapu't-limang minuto makalipas ang ika-walo.

At the morning or evening: de la mañana ng umaga de la tarde ng tanghali de la noche ng gabi

por la mañana sa umaga

136 por la tarde sa kahapon por la noche sa gabi al mediodía sa hapon a (la) medianoche sa hatinggabi

Note that the word tiempo (oras) refers to time as duration:

Tienes tiempo ahora? May oras ka na ba?

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