SULAWESI and Beyond
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SULAWESI and beyond The FRANtišek Czurda Collection Sulawesi and Beyond. The František Czurda Collection. This publication is a result of the forMuse-project ‘Sharing cultural Memory’ Edited by Sri Kuhnt-Saptodewo, Dagmar Pospíšilová, and funded by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Science and Research. CONTENTS Intan Mardiana Philipp Hesser This publication was issued as part of the scientific research project of the 4 Preface National Museum, Prague No. MK 0002327202 - Personalities of the Czech ISBN 978-3-85497-189-4 science and culture, supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Sri Kuhnt-Saptodewo / Dagmar Pospíšilová 6 The Aim of the Research project “Sharing Cultural Memory” Published by: © 2010 Kunsthistorisches Museum mit Museum für Völkerkunde Museum für Völkerkunde und Österreichischem Theatermuseum, Wien, Philipp Hesser National Museum Prague Neue Burg, 1010 Wien, Austria 10 The Life of Dr. Franz Czurda Photography: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior 20 Sources for the Research Project on Dr. Franz Czurda’s collection Christian Mendez permission of the copyright owners. Alexander Rosoli Andreas Uldrich 24 Czurda’s Strategy of Collecting and the Catalogue Front cover: Back cover: Jiří Vaněk Ritual object | simpa Charm | simak Dagmar Pospíšilová South Sulawesi South Sulawesi Photographic Supervisor: 30 The Collection of František Czurda at the Náprstek Museum, Prague MVW 17710 MVW 17741 Stefan Zeisler Bamboo, lontar leaves, cotton. Cotton, paper. Petra Martin L 46 cm, W 25 cm, H 3 cm W 15 cm x H 33 cm Image Editing: 38 The Collection of František Czurda in Dresden Reinhold Mittersakschmöller 507. Amulet (MVW 17741). Seven little sacks of different sizes made of red cotton, also holding paper strips with Arabic words, worn in Sirtjo Koolhof Conservation: the same manner around the neck and sold by the Hadjis like the 42 South Sulawesi Florian Rainer previous ones ( Czurda 1883: 123). Elisabeth Tarawneh Melanie Korn Sri Kuhnt-Saptodewo Frontispiece: Below: 48 The Material Culture of South Sulawesi Project Assistance Blouse | waju malampe Fig. 01 Charm | kawari Philipp Hesser South Sulawesi, Mallasoro South Sulawesi Sirtjo Koolhof Oliver Moiseanu MVW 17794 MVW 17852 Cotton; plain weave, hand sewn, Silver; cast, filigree. 66 The Myth La Galigo chintzed. L 59.7 cm, W 91 cm H 0.1 cm, Ø 4 cm Database: Halilintar Lathief Manfred Kaufmann Christina Abzieher 70 Bugis beliefs about the Classification of the Cosmos Philipp Hesser Oliver Moiseanu 74 The Bissu: Their Past and their Continuity Luzia Reinthaler Wolfgang Marschall CD-Rom Production: 80 Metal-work in and from South Sulawesi Jan Šejbl Jiří Vaněk Irene Doubrawa / Ferenc Gábor Zámolyi Gábor Zámolyi Oliver Moiseanu LANGUAGE KEY: 84 Model Houses in the Czurda Collection Philipp Hesser (B) Buginese Tereza Hejzlarová (BI) Bahasa Indonesia Tereza Skačanová (M) Makassarese 90 Transformation and Change in Bugis Architecture (L) Latin Assistance: (T) Tiwi Halilintar Lathief (Y) Yolgnumatha Paul Gruber 96 Revisiting the Ethnological Collection of František Czurda Descriptions and numeration of Layout & Printing Coordination: the objects are taken from Franz Joanna Barrkman Reinhold Mittersakschmöller Czurda’s original catalogue Catalog 110 The Enduring Legacy of Buginese and Makassarese Encounters mit Erklärungen der Etnografischen with Indigenous Peoples of North Australia Translations: Privatsammlung des Dr. F. A. J. Czurda Marian Pink (German to English) in Postelberg (Böhmen). Wien: Wilhelm Gardina Kartasasmita (Indonesian to English) Braumüller, published in 1883. Valerie Talacko (Czech to English) They were translated by Marian Pink. 116 Five Years in Sumatra Abdul Rajab Johari (English to Indonesian) Extract from Pavel Durdik, 1893. Pět let na Sumatře. ABBREVIATIONS: Vypravováni vojenského lékaře Copyediting: MVW for Museum of Ethnology Vienna Mary Somers Heidhues NM-NpM for National Museum – Náprstek Museum 121 Inventory of the Collection Printed by: Holzhausen – Vienna 2 3 PREfacE As early as 2005, museums in Austria and Indonesia began to collaborate through a human resources exchange between the Museum Siwalima in Ambon and the Museum of Ethnology in Vienna. This continued with the exchange of knowledge in this forMuse project, which extended scientific collaboration between museums in Indonesia and those in both Vienna and in Prague, Czech Republic. The publication of this catalogue, “Sulawesi and Beyond: The František Czurda Collection” continues the collaboration, introducing the reader to the collections of František Czurda from his time as a medical employee in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Experts in the various fields have written the explanatory texts and so brought Czurda’s life and his collection into dialogue with the cultural history and traditions of the region of South Sulawesi. I greatly welcome the final publication of this catalogue. Hopefully, it will arouse interest in visiting museums, in Indonesia, Vienna and Prague, more often and broaden the understanding of Frantisek Czurda, his life and, above all, the materials in his collections and the peoples who produced them. Jakarta, November 2010 Dra. Intan Mardiana, M.Hum Director for Museums Ministry of Cultural and Tourism Fig. 03 Rice pounding ritual during a wedding ceremony (‘padekko’). Segeri. Photograph by S. Koolhof, 1995 Opposite: Fig. 02 Ritual object | pasili South Sulawesi MVW 17733 Pandan leaves. L 18 cm, W 7.5 cm, H 4 cm 501. Devil expeller – Pasili A piece of basketry of straw in the form of leaves and flowers, made from lots of little knots, in which a pleasant smelling resin is enclosed. It is burned when there are sicknesses, births and other occasions (Czurda 1883: 22). 4 5 we have called the project “Sharing Cultural Memory“. This illustrates THE aim OF thE our intention to make the project as a process of transmission and translation, as well as interpretation, of the past for the present by way of sharing culture heritage and sharing history (see Sleeper- rESEarch prOJEct Smith 2009). The Museum für Völkerkunde Vienna has a policy and a project of ShariNG Cultural cooperation with local, indigenous museums known as “Sharing Cultural Memory”.1 This has enabled a fruitful exchange of knowledge. As in similar previous cooperations, the project “Czurda” MEMOry is also a part of “Sharing Cultural Memory” and is supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research (1 July 2009– 1 June 2010). A corresponding investigation is carried out at the National Museum- Sri Kuhnt-Saptodewo/Dagmar Pospíšilová Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures in Prague as part of a larger research project called “Personalities of Czech Science and Culture” focusing on the origins of the museum’s collections and their creators. In the case of the Náprstek Museum it is a continuation of the Náprstek’s goal of “opening the window on the world” and learning about other peoples, something that is still a challenge today. thnological collections evoke a world preserved in a certain context; they preserve the world in the time and place in which the collector lived. In some ways collections function as time E 1 For example, cooperation with Museum Siwalima in Ambon, Indonesia and with the capsules for this period. In addition the patterns of the collector’s National Museum in Manila, Philippines. perceptions and beliefs about his own world and his fellow men are mirrored therein (ter Keurs 2007). Dr. František Czurda acquired artifacts of the daily life of the people in South Sulawesi (formerly South Celebes). He described what made this collection so special as follows: “Because of its completeness, this collection from South Celebes has scientific value, and to my knowledge in no other museum in Europe is this part of island so richly represented as it is in the present one, with the possible MethODOLOgical ApprOach Fig. 05 Woman’s jacket | waju malampe exception of Leyden” (Czurda 1883: II). The collection, which Czurda “In 2008 the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research South Sulawesi, Mallasoro himself described in detail in his Catalogue of a Private Ethnographic launched the new programme, ‘Research in Museums’, whose brief MVW 17793. Collection published in 1883, is considered to be one of the most it is to create new initiatives and ideas. Scientifically demanding Cotton; plain weave, hand sewn, dyed. comprehensive records of the region’s cultural inventory. projects should strengthen their core activities and bring together L 100 cm, W 154.5 cm Czurda’s publication is in fact one of the first ethnographic catalogues both public and scientific discourse. […] The aim of the programme ever; it illustrates also Czurda’s desire for proper scientific enquiry and ‘Research in Museums’ is to strengthen scientific processing and 564–565. Woman’s jacket – Wadju-malampe representation revealing the approach of a passionate amateur in the documentation of collection assets. It is especially museums with Two long jackets, closed in the front, of dyed, European cotton. emerging field of ethnography—though with a visionary sense of research-intensive collections and scientific documentation that These jackets have very narrow sleeves with a number of double modern ethnography. have the task of this most important, basic research, focusing on button holes in which more or less precious silver or