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Universidad San Carlos De Guatemala Escuela De Formación De Profesores De Enseñanza Media

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Universidad San Carlos De Guatemala Escuela De Formación De Profesores De Enseñanza Media Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala Escuela de Formación de Profesores de Enseñanza Media Acompañamiento Educativo de 10 escuelas de Educación Primaria, sector oficial, de los municipios de Mataquescuintla y Jalapa, departamento de Jalapa Lesbia Leticia Solís Lima Previo a conferírsele el grado académico de: Maestra en Artes de la Maestría en Liderazgo en el Acompañamiento Educativo Guatemala, noviembre de 2013 Autoridades Generales Dr. Carlos Estuardo Gálvez Barrios Rector Magnífico de la USAC Dr. Carlos Guillermo Alvarado Cerezo Secretario General de la USAC Dr. Oscar Hugo López Rivas Director de la EFPEM Lic. Danilo López Pérez Secretario Académico de la EFPEM Consejo Directivo Lic. Saúl Duarte Beza Representante de Profesores Dr. Miguel Ángel Chacón Arroyo Representante de Profesores M.A. Dora Isabel Águila de Estrada Representante de Profesionales Graduados PEM Ewin Estuardo Losley Johnson Representante de Estudiantes Br. José Vicente Velasco Camey Representante de Estudiantes Tribunal Examinador Dr. Gesly Anibal Bonilla Landaverry Presidente M.A. Yadira Abigail Ishlaj Conde Secretaria M.A. María Aracely Figueroa Reyes Vocal i DEDICATORIA A Dios Fuente eterna de sabiduría y guía en mi camino. A mis padres Personas que hicieron todo en la vida para que pudiera lograr mis sueños, por motivarme y darme la mano cuando sentía que el camino era difícil, a ustedes siempre mi corazón. A mi esposo Por tu paciencia y comprensión, preferiste sacrificar tu tiempo para que yo pudiera cumplir con el mío. Por tu bondad y sacrificio mi inspirante a ser mejor para ti, gracias por estar siempre a mi lado. A mis hijos Por su apoyo y comprensión. Que este triunfo les sirva de ejemplo y motivación para su vida presente y futura. A mi familia, amigos, y compañeros de estudio, personas importantes en mi vida, porque siempre estuvieron listos para brindarme su ayuda en momentos difíciles. ii AGRADECIMIENTOS A las entidades que formaron parte de este proceso: USAID, como facilitador de la realización de estos estudios, EFPEM, CUNSURORI de la tricentenaria Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, por abrir las puertas y permitir ver culminados mis esfuerzos. Al coordinador de maestría, Dr. GeslyAnibal Bonilla Landaverry, como guía y asesor de la ejecución de actividades. A la Dirección Departamental de Educación de Jalapa, Licda. Miriam Consuelo Carias de Cardona, Directora Departamental de Educación y comunidad educativa en General (directores, docentes, alumnos y padres de familia) por brindar su apoyo y colaboración para poder llevar a cabo las diferentes acciones. Gracias iii ÍNDICE Contenido Página Introducción 1 1. Plan de Proyecto de Mejoramiento Educativo 5 1.1 Diseño 5 1.1.1 Proceso para identificarescuelas 5 1.1.2 Diagnóstico realizado indicando los Instrumentos 7 utilizados 1.2 Gestión para la autorización e implementación 17 1.3 Planificación (Definiraccionesconjuntas) 18 1.3.1 Socializar con los Directores escolares 18 1.3.2 Programación de visitas a las escuelas y aulas 18 1.3.3 Selección y reproducción de materiales 20 1.3.4 Formación de Directores 21 2. Informe del desarrollo del proyecto de mejoramiento educativo 23 3. Análisis y discusión de resultados con base a fundamentación 50 teórica 4. Plan de Sostenibilidad 51 5. FundamentaciónTeórica 66 5.1 Liderazgo 66 5.2 El Rol del Director como líder de la escuela 69 5.3 AcompañamientoPedagógico 70 5.4 Aprendizaje Significativo 75 5.5 Evaluación Formativa 76 5.6 Comunidad de Aprendizaje 77 iv Conclusiones 81 Recomendaciones 82 Referencias 83 Apéndice 85 Anexos 95 ÍNDICE DE CUADROS Cuadro Página - Cuadro No. 1 Caracterización de los centros educativos. 9 - Cuadro No. 2 Infraestructura de los establecimientos 11 - Cuadro No.3 Presentación de resultados de aplicación del Proyectode 41 Mejora Educativa. - Cuadro No. 4 Cronograma de actividades (Plan de sostenibilidad) 54 v ABSTRACT Como parte de la Maestría en Liderazgo para el Acompañamiento Educativo, se han realizado diversas acciones inherentes al acompañamiento pedagógico en diez escuelas del nivel Primario de los municipios de Mataquescuintla y Jalapa, departamento de Jalapa. Las acciones en mención se ejecutaron, de acuerdo a las metas propuestas para el efecto en el Plan Departamental, elaborado para la realización del acompañamiento pedagógico. Las escuelas atendidas fueron seleccionadas por medio de un estudio realizado por USAID en coordinación con el Ministerio de Educación. Detectándose la necesidad de brindar el acompañamiento respectivo en primer grado del nivel Primario, por el bajo rendimiento de los alumnos. Aspectos a mejorar: - Involucramiento de directores en acompañamiento a docentes de primer grado. - Organización inadecuada del aula, según CNB - Poco uso de material didáctico y rincones de aprendizaje. - Metodología, Aprendizaje significativo. - Evaluación formativa. Resultados: - Directores realizan acompañamiento pedagógico a docentes - En las diez escuelas atendidas existe organización en el aula por equipo de trabajo. - Elaboración y utilización de material didáctico: el gusano pedagógico, la mesa de arena, rincones de aprendizaje en las escuelas atendidas. vi - En las diez escuelas seleccionadas utilizan metodología con el aprendizaje significativo. - En los diez centros educativos practican con más frecuencia la evaluación formativa. - Directores y docentes que imparten primer grado en las diez escuelas seleccionadas, participan en comunidad de aprendizaje, compartiendo experiencias, temáticas, etc. El seguimiento a las acciones ejecutadas se realizara por medio del acompañamiento de directores y supervisores a los docentes y Comunidad de Aprendizaje. vii ABSTRACT As part of the Masters in Leadership for Educational Accompaniment, there have been several actions inherent in the educational support in ten schools Primary level municipalities Mataquescuintla and Jalapa, Jalapa department. The shares in question were executed, according to the proposed goals for the effect in the Departmental Plan, prepared for the realization of educational support . The selected schools were attended by a study conducted by USAID in coordination with the Ministry of Education. Detected the need to provide support in the respective Primary first grade level by the low student performance. Areas for improvement: - Involvement of managers in accompaniment to first grade teachers. - Inadequate Classroom Organization, according to CNB - Little use of teaching materials and learning corner. - Methodology, meaningful learning. - Formative Assessment. results: - Directors teachers made pedagogical accompaniment - In the ten schools attended there in the classroom by organizing team. viii - Development and use of teaching materials: pedagogical worm, the sand table, learning corners in schools attended. - In the ten selected schools use meaningful learning methodology. - In the ten schools most often practiced formative assessment. - Principals and teachers who taught first grade in the ten selected schools, participating in learning community , sharing experiences , issues, etc. Tracking the actions executed by the conduct of directors and supervisors accompanying teachers and Learning Community. 1 INTRODUCCIÓN El proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje requiere de la participación activa y consciente de todos los actores que intervienen en el quehacer educativo para obtener una actualización constante y la mejora que se desea cada día. En Guatemala se han realizado esfuerzos para mejorar la calidad de la educación. A través de la Reforma Educativa se han implementado estrategias inherentes a la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, como el Curriculum Nacional Base (CNB) y sus componentes. Sin embargo aunque estos esfuerzos no han sido en vano, ya que han enriquecido y actualizado los procesos educativos, faltan acciones que realizar. Actualmente se cuenta con un estudio realizado por USAID en coordinación con el Ministerio de Educación, en donde se da a conocer el bajo rendimiento de alumnos de primer grado del Nivel Primario de las escuelas que fueron objeto de dicho estudio, ubicadas en los municipios de Mataquescuintla y Jalapa, departamento de Jalapa. Como parte de las acciones realizadas en la Maestría de “Liderazgo en Acompañamiento Educativo” se llevaron a cabo actividades de acompañamiento pedagógico en diez escuelas, del área rural, que presentan altos índices de bajo rendimiento escolar, en primer grado de educación primaria; y que fueron seleccionadas con base al estudio en referencia. Los Objetivos planteados son los siguientes: - General: Contribuir al mejoramiento de la calidad educativa, a través del desarrollo del proceso de acompañamiento pedagógico a nivel de aula, en 10 escuelas de educación primaria, ubicadas en los municipios de Mataquescuintla y Jalapa, departamento de Jalapa. 2 - Específicos: Mejorar el liderazgo del director, en 10 centros educativos del nivel de educación Primaria ubicados en el municipio de Mataquescuintla y Jalapa, departamento de Jalapa. Desarrollar competencias de acompañamiento pedagógico en los directores escolares para apoyar a los docentes a nivel de aula. - Reducir el fracaso escolar en niños y niñas de primer grado por medio del acompañamiento pedagógico. - Formar comunidades de aprendizaje con los centros educativos del nivel Primario involucrados en el proyecto de acompañamiento pedagógico en los municipios de Mataquescuintla y Jalapa, departamento de Jalapa. - Promover la aplicación del proceso de evaluación, utilizando adecuadamente las herramientas de evaluación formativa, en 10 escuelas
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