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2404.PDF Najmuddin Khan 5 B www.research-chronicler.com Research Chronicler ISSN 2347–503X International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Research Chronicler A Peer-Reviewed Refereed and Indexed International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Volume II Issue IV: May – 2014 CONTENTS Sr. No. Author Title of the Paper Download 1 Dr. Sherin Shervani Analyses of the Identity of Muslim Women in Modern Non- 2401.PDF native English Fiction 2 Dr. B.V. Rama Prasad Realization of the Distance between the Writer and the Focal 2402.PDF Character in Vasudendra‟s Short Story “First Time at the Pinnacle” 3 Jaisingh K. Innovative Techniques in Language Teaching: An Analysis 2403.PDF of the Computer Assisted English Language Learning Software used in most of the Engineering Colleges in India 4 Mohammed Superheavy Elements: Its Annals 2404.PDF Najmuddin Khan 5 B. Moses Problems of equivalents and morphology in translating the 2405.PDF Tamil novel “Helicoptergal Keezhe Iragi Vittana” into English 6 Shram Mustafa Women in Chinua Achebe‟s Things Fall Apart (1958) 2406.PDF Hama-Salih & Dr. Muktaja Mathkari 7 Shivani Jha The Hungry Tide: A Discourse of Dispossessions 2407PDF 8 Prin. Dr. D.M. Muley Political Impact of Reservation Policy on Scheduled Castes 2408.PDF 9 Dr. Smriti Singh Identity and Ethnicity in Kiran Desai‟s „The Inheritance of 2409.PDF Loss‟ 10 Dr. Muktaja Mathkari Women in Ngugi Wa Thiong‟o‟s The River Between 2410.PDF & Shram Mustafa (1965) Hama-Salih 2411.PDF 11 Nisha. K. P. Reflections on Research Studies in Stress and School Environment 12 Dr. K. A. Attar Displacement and Search for Home in Jean Rhys's Wide 2412.PDF Sargasso Sea 13 Dr. Ashok Wagh & Activity and Periodicity in Financial Planning and 2413.PDF Dr. S.T. Gadade Performance in Colleges 14 Dr. Muktaja Vikas Pronouncing and Denouncing Motherhood: Rama Mehta's 2414.PDF Volume II Issue IV-I : May 2014 (1) Editor-In-Chief: Prof. K.N. Shelke www.research-chronicler.com Research Chronicler ISSN 2347–503X International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Mathkari Inside the Haveli and Margaret Laurence's A Jest of God 15 Dr. Archana Durgesh, Revolution 2020 - Battle for a Perfect Life 2415.PDF Md. Osama, Md. Ashraf, Md. Faiz, Md. Md. Kashif, Md. Ammaar 16 Mrs. Mishra Santwana A Study of Correlation of Academic Achievement with 2416.PDF Gopalchandra & Aptitude, Attitude and Anxiety Dr. K. L. Chincholikar 17 Dr. Manju Lalwani Economic Thoughts of Rabindranath Tagore 2417.PDF Pathak 18 Solanki Milind The Effect of History and Post-Modernism in Today‟s Indian 2418.PDF Kantilal English Literature 19 Dr. Archana Durgesh Communicating Across With a Touch & a Glance 2419.PDF & Dr. Pooja Singh 20 Anil Kumar Singh Motifs of History in the Novels of Amitav Ghosh 2420.PDF 21 Dr. Franz Josef Gradual Retirement Schemes and Older Workers Social 2421.PDF Gellert & Inclusion and Employability in The Netherlands Professor Dr. Hugo Velthuijsen 22 Dr. Raji Ramesh Negotiating the Patriarchal Authority: The Magic Toyshop 2422.PDF 23 Jayasimha P. Transmutation of Confession as Devotion: Cognitive 2423.PDF Modeling of Saint Augustine‟s Confessions of a Sinner - Book One 24 Bijayata Pradhan Voices from the Margins: A Study on the Texts Based on the 2424.PDF Life of The Tea Workers in the Tea Estates of Darjeeling 25 Nivedita Ghosh The Emerging Marital Trends in Indian Scenario 2425.PDF 26 S.N. Sithi Shamila Redefining „Quality‟ through Student Participation: A 2426.PDF Holistic Perspective 27 Isha Dhar & Bitcoin-A Historical Perspective of the Effects of the New 2427.PDF Zia Afroz Currency on the Global Economy with the Future Speculated 28 Dr. Santosh J. Mishra Painful Journey of Self Discovery through Different Cultural 2428.PDF Spaces in Desirable Daughters by Bharati Mukherjee 29 J. Kirubakaran & A Study on Impact of Financial Sector Reforms in India with 2429.PDF Dr. M. Dharmalingam Reference to Indian Capital Market 30 Mr. Kailas B. Aute Contesting and Voicing non-normative sexual Identity: A 2430.PDF Critical Study of Shyam Selvadurai‟s Funny Boy 31 Zia Afroz & Need of Entrepreneurship Development in Rural Sector in 2431.PDF Sumbul Fatima India Volume II Issue IV-I : May 2014 (2) Editor-In-Chief: Prof. K.N. Shelke www.research-chronicler.com Research Chronicler ISSN 2347–503X International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Superheavy Elements: Its Annals Mohammed Najmuddin Khan Head, Department of Physics, Mkr Govt College, Deverakonda, (A.P.) India Abstract Right from the creation of the world the process of recording history has begun. Every element has history. Only worthy contributions in each field deserve to be recorded. The abilities and capabilities of the historian will be reflected during the process of recording the past. The unbiased, truthful and effective presentation by the writers of history will only stand the test of time and attracts the readers to get engrossed from the beginning to end. It must be noted that authentic presentations of the past is not an easy task .It requires an extensive study, knowledge and research in the field of which the recording of history is being done. The presentation of sequence of the events in a chronological way is necessary to arrest the attention of the reader and create an indelible impression on one‟s mind and heart. This work circumferences four stages viz Prior to the Nuclear Atom, Quantum based concepts, the least time hypothesis, Cosmic crapshoot and Jean‟s hypothesis followed by Inference. Key Words: shes: superheavy elements, shres: superheavy radioactive elements, hhes: hyperheavy elements, annals: the history The annals of Superheavy elements [SHEs] [HHEs]? What would be their life span and have been covered from the last132years i.e., how would they help the society? from 1880 to 2012. The different stages of In this work I presented the Annals and waxing and waning among the scientists have research of SHEs that would make every been covered and how research was young scientist to ponder up on the theories continued overcoming several potential of SHEs and take up research activity in this hurdles. The experimentalists streamlined the interdisciplinary area. various theories that were presented by physicist, chemists, mathematician and 1. Introduction: In the present work that has astronomers. This is a path breaking been taken up I shall focus upon the history development not only for the scientists but of Superheavy Elements[SHEs] which was also to all the younger generation students of brought into lime light by scientist in the Superheavy elements. past only for the short period of time and than eclipsed in to darkness. It was again brought Now we need to see whether SHEs stop at into the forefront and later could not Z=118 with extremely low half-life (less withstand. Nevertheless, we can find than a second) or are there any other SHEs fluctuations in the concentrations on this with longer life in Stars and Nebulae? Is work. Through this work I shall make an there any end to synthesizing of SHEs? Will endeavor to present phase wise history of there be an arrival of “Hyperheavy elements Volume II Issue IV : May 2014 (26) Editor-In-Chief: Prof. K.N. Shelke www.research-chronicler.com Research Chronicler ISSN 2347–503X International Multidisciplinary Research Journal SHEs that would enhance the horizons of Flag year: 1940-41, modern research field- knowledge among the students. heavy ion collision is nothing but the first Before I proceed, a bank of questions need step to produce chemical element using collision. answers. 1.1 The research by Glenn Seaborg and his How many chemical elements are there? team[Lawrence Livermore National How many can there be? laboratory] dominated till 1960 had been Is there any limit to the atomic weight? produced transuranic metals Is there any exact „stability limit‟ for neptunium(Z=93), plutonium (Z=96) SHEs? including the last of the actinides Z=103 Do SHEs above Z≥118 or more exist? [Weeks 1968,pp 830-857 ; Seaborg 1994]. Are there any hyperheavy or other As a matter fact these two elements are by elements beyond SHEs? Fermi and his group in Rome named as Is there any ending of chemical elements “ausinium” and “hespernium” [Fermi 1965, if no, how many periods would that be? p417] and Fermi himself explored this fact in Is there any relation or index by which we his Nobel Lecture in Stockholm. This is seen can predict similarities in between SHEs? as the beginning of experimental research in Where the chemical element system transuranic or superheavy elements, before should be ended? Quantum theory and nuclear atom, actually How many periods and columns does the may be less known. In other words Fermi & final form contain? his team and Seaborg started the journey of As a physicist the above mentioned galaxy of SHEs. questions reflect on the mind screen. This 1.2 Flashing SHEs : Based on SHEs three work aims at answering a few of these in an questions can explain the facts as to why unbiased manner. To answer the entire there has been delay research on question there is a need for extensive, large- Superheavy Elements scale research that might take decades.. The First, were there Chemical claims and large-scale research program aims at speculations before the introduction of the synthesizing of SHEs with an atomic number nuclear atom? Second was the Bohr- larger than Z=107. The Joint Institute of Sommerfeld theory of atomic nucleus led to Nuclear Research near Moscow reported the suggestions of highest atomic number? And element Z=118 and provisionally named by third in the 1920s were these several IUPAC as „ununoctium‟ or eka-radon and at speculations about superheavy elements in the same time a team of physicists observed the stars and nebulae.
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