International Workshop on Electoral Administration and Justice for the Central Elections Commission of Palestine

International Workshop on Electoral Administration and Justice for the Central

Elections Commission of Palestine

Mexico City, December, 1st. - 5th.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Index Page 1. Presentation 2 2. International Centre for Electoral Training and Research 3 3. Mexico- Palestine Relationship Background 5 4. Workshop Objectives 10 5. Speakers’ Profiles 11 6. Delegates’ Profiles 12 7. Programme 19 8. Mexico’s Political and Electoral Systems 20 9. Current Electoral Context in Mexico 45

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

1. PRESENTATION

General overlook

Electoral democracy requires constant improvement and update in order to satisfy those demands presented by a modern society, citizens’ rights-demanding and strong political parties fighting over access to political power.

Through this given outlook, elections´ management has gradually become an object of knowledge, as well as a specialized practice. Nowadays, those of us involved in elections´ management not only encounter a widely extended and diversified practice, but also a very complex one, related to ways of conducting it to satisfy universally recognized international standards, oriented towards free, clean, fair, equal, periodically and reliable elections.

The classic standards on electoral democracy have not changed, but the parameters established to meet them have. Current developing conditions on electoral abilities demand a broader electoral quality for the authority to comply with such standards. An effort in accordance with the political exigency to train electoral officers is required.

Registered changes in the electoral agenda´s evolution ask for new aptitudes, (knowledge, abilities, skills) and new attitudes (values and behaviors) of those responsible of organizing elections in the world.

It is necessary to carry out an inspection and a periodic adjustment in topics such as: electoral registry update and integration; voting and tallying mechanisms; voter information campaigns; special care of vulnerable groups (minorities: disabilities, indigenous, assistant voting, citizens abroad, for mention some); documentation and electoral material acquisition or production and distribution policies; and mechanisms in order to preserve vote´s secrecy, among others.

Thus, information, specialization, and updating of electoral bodies´ human resources have become a strategic must. Electoral formation is a fundamental piece to electoral bodies for many reasons: a) It encourages specialization over the functions and key subjects for them; b) Generates and institutional memory that makes procedures more effective and c) Promotes research into deepen aspects of institutional interest, and encourages knowledge on better practices.

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

2. INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR ELECTORAL TRAINING AND RESEARCH

Since 2004, Mexico´s federal electoral authorities, including the National Electoral Institute (INE), the Electoral Tribunal of the Federation´s Judiciary Branch (TEPFJ), along with the Country Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), have worked together into tailoring a series of electoral activities oriented to other countries´ EMB authorities, carrying out workshops, journeys, internships in which specific topics on electoral management and conflict resolution compared experiences are shared.

In this sense, it is important to refer the main precedent of CICIE. The International Programme for Electoral Training and Research (PICIE) a horizontal cooperation mechanism, developed by former Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) with the United Nations Development Programme in Mexico and the Federal Electoral Court. This Programme was addressed to senior managers and executives officers, under a scheme of medium and large term perspective. It emphasizes strategic planning for political leadership on technical aspects into the electoral management. It also motivates the participation of other partners like the Foreign Affairs Ministry of Mexico (SRE), the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES), the Association of European Elections Officials (ACEEEO) and the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), among others.

These workshops got integrated to a new horizontal international cooperation structure in May of 2008, into an International Programme for Electoral Training and Research (PICIE), which would develop pilot projects, and thanks to its proving results, on September of 2010 the Electoral Council approved de creation of the Centre.

The General Council of the Federal Electoral Institute approved the creation of the International Center for Electoral Training and Research (CICIE, by its acronym in Spanish) in September, 2010. Its purpose is to offer an international forum for training, updating and professionalization to electoral functionaries worldwide, in order to provide with new aptitudes (knowledge and skills) and new attitudes (values and behaviors) thru different training programs addressed to those responsible for organizing and managing the electoral processes, but under an empirical approach of sharing experiences, best practices and knowledge in the frame of an horizontal cooperation, therefore active participation in society of several actors of the international electoral system, is important to enhance the electoral activities.

This initiative aims to justify the complexity in elections organization in which, during the last decade, new dynamics and challenges have emerged, such as: oversight public and private funding of political parties and campaigns, regulation of political advertising and election campaign periods, the use of new technologies for issuing and counting votes, immediate provision of preliminary results, vote from abroad and political representation of expatriates, limitation on campaign expenditures and other mechanisms to ensure equitable conditions in competition.

Currently, 56 workshops haven been developed, as seen in the following chart:

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Africa America Asia Europe Total

2004 Haiti Iraq 2 El Salvador (2) 2005 3 Guatemala Bosnia & 2008 1 Herzegovina East Timor Zambia 2009 Guatemala Lebanon 6 South Africa The Philippines Burundi 2010 Botswana Argentina (2) Macedonia 6 Benin Ethiopia, Venezuela Nepal Ukraine 2011 Botswana, Guatemala East Timor 10 Georgia Kenya Afghanistan Egypt; Costa Rica Egypt, Libya Peru Rumania 2012 y Tunisia; 10 El Salvador Croatia Nigeria Guatemala Ethiopia Ecuador (4), Bolivia; Peru 2013 Nigeria Indonesia 9 and Colombia; Haiti Moldova; Cameroon Ecuador (3) Russian 2014 Nepal 9 (2) Haiti Federation

Total 15 24 9 8 56

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

3. MEXICO-PALESTINE RELATIONSHIP BACKGROUND

At the Arab Spring Revolution breakdown in 2011, cooperation between Mexico and the Middle East and North Africa reinforced in many fields. On the electoral field, the strong collaboration and the agreement with the UNDP Mexico to promote training and professionalization programs addressed to electoral officials got the attention from the UNDP’s Democratic Governance Group of New York.

In this framework, UNDP-Egypt invited to then President Councilor of IFE, Leonardo Valdés Zurita to attend the „Arab States Regional Practice Meeting on Electoral Cycle Support” where held a meeting with Judge Farouk Ahmed Soltan Mekky, president of the Supreme Constitutional Council of Egypt with whom the Councilor share the model of cooperation and exchange of experencies that nowadays INE offers through the International Center for Electoral Training and Research (CICIE) with an invitation to look further collabaoration mechanisms. Since then, CICIE has organized one workshop with Egypt; one specialization course, and a seminar in Mexico and the participation of Mexican officials in Tunisia and Egypt, organized by UNDP-for the Arab region.

The invitation becomes a real plan in January 2012 with the visit to Mexico of an Egiptyan delegation to participate at the International Workshop on Electoral Management, precisely on the first Revolution Anniversary. The same year INE organized the International Exchange of Electoral Experencies Seminar for delagates of Tunisia, Libya and Egypt, three countries in a special cojuntural moment of their internal and electoral lives.

In 2013, liaison flows natural, to the Specialized Course of electoral systems and electoral results transmission held in Mexico City counts with representatives of the High Committe for Elections and the Ministry of Management development of Egypt, so as, from the Electoral Commission of Tunisia.

In 2014, two events got closer electoral stakeholders. INE organized the „Dialog on Electoral Management and Disputes Resolution, a exchange of experencies between Latin America and the countries of the Arab Spring Movement” ; in March, INE received an invitation to participate at the meeting „Reinforcing Credibility and Acceptance of Electoral Processes: the Role of Electoral Stakeholders and Electoral Administrations” held in Amman, Jordan where Mr. Manuel Carrillo Poblano, Head of the International Affairs Unit of INE spoke on the subject “The Americas: the challenge of the acceptance of results”, in that meeting he had the opportunity to hold a conversation with the Deputy Director of the Central Elections Commission of Palestine, Ashraf Shuaibi, and disseminated the work scheme of CICIE and made and invitation for further cooperation.

Later on, the appoitment of Minister Sergio Sierra Bernal as Head of the Liaison Office in the city of Ramallah, Palestina, sought Mr. Shuaibi to ratify the invitation for collaboration between both electoral authorities to made possible the workshop we are holding, in the framework of the Cooperation agreement between Mexican Agency for International Cooperation Development (AMEXCID) and CICIE.

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

4. WORKSHOP OBJETIVES

a) Objectives

 To contribute to the strengthening of the Mexico and the Palestine’s electoral management bodies through the exchange of knowledge and experiences.  To share technical and practical elements in order to support Central Elections Commission in subjects as electoral registry and debugging, voting ID Card issuance, programmes of civic education and electoral training, the novelties in electoral organization such as, registry of Mexicans abroad and the new model of single polling station with all the operational joint mechanisms.  To share Mexico’s experiences under the brand new legal framework in Mexico regarding NES’ structure and new attributions and responsibilities on the electoral system.

b) Methodology and Main Topics

In order to fulfill needs and expectations expressed by delegates of CEC, the programme includes the following topics:

 Comparative perspective on electoral systems  Electoral Registry  Voting ID Card issuance  Civic Education Programmes (Electoral Training, Programmes focus in youth and children).  Electoral Organization (Voting abroad, single polling station, materials, etc.)  Preliminary Electoral Results Transmission  Relation between EMBs at subnational level and the national electoral authority  Judiciary disputes and electoral dispute resolution system

To optimize the exchange of knowledge and empirical practice between your delegation and the Mexican delegation, hereby the dynamic of the Workshop:

1. Sessions will start with the presentation of the Central Elections Commission of the Palestine regarding the problematic and challenges faced related to the topic of the session. 2. Later on, the same topic will be presented from a comparative experience from the Mexican perspective. The Mexican Federal Electoral Court participation will consist in share its own experience regarding classification of disputes and the structure of the electoral jurisdiction in Mexico, Courtrooms and the evolution of the Mexican electoral judicial systems suffer in the last years. 3. Every session will have a period to deeper information and questions. 4. All sessions will have simultaneous translation English-Spanish-English.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

c) Organizers

The International Workshop, to be held in Mexico City from December 1st. to 5th is been co organized by the International Centre for Electoral Training and Research of the National Electoral Institute, and its partners: the Mexican Federal Electoral Court of the Judiciary Branch (TEPJF) and the Mexican Agency of International Cooperation for Development (AMEXCID by its Spanish acronym) from the Foreign Affairs Ministry.

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

5. SPEAKERS’ PROFILES

Topic 1 Electoral and Political Systems of Mexico

Arturo Sánchez is currently Electoral Councilor of the National Electoral Institute. He is professor at the Technological Institute Autonomous of Mexico (ITAM) and at El Colegio de México; he has been an academic in the Mexican Institute of Political Studies, sociology professor in the UAM- Azcapotzalco and Political Science professor at the National University. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Sociology from the Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM), Azcapotzalco, and a Master’s degree in Latin American Studies from the Oxford University, England; he is candidate for the PhD in Political Science by the same University. He was Research Director of the Mexican Institute of Political Studies, visitor academic in the Centre of Mexico-United States’ Studies, and academic professor at the Latin American Faculty of Social Science. Moreover, he has been coordinator of the Master in Government and Political Affairs of the Latin American Faculty of Social Science (FLACSO).

He is president of the Electoral Organization Commission, integrates the Professional Electoral Service and the Relation with local EMBs Permanent Commissions. He also integrated the temporary Budgetary Commission.

Manuel Carrillo has been Chief of Staff of the International Affairs Unit at the Federal Electoral Institute of Mexico since 1993. He obtained a B.A. in Political Science and Public Administration from the Faculty of Social and Political Science of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, and a Master’s degree in Political Science at the Centre of International Studies of El Colegio de México. He worked in the public officials’ training program at the National Institute of Public Administration (INAP), as well as in several governmental agencies, such as the Ministry of the Interior and the President’s Office. He has participated in several electoral observation missions and technical assistance projects. He has written several articles on electoral issues, and collaborated in the second edition of the Electoral Dictionary published by the Centre for Electoral Promotion and Assistance of the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights (IIDH/CAPEL).

Topic 2 Electoral Registry

René Miranda actually the Executive Director of the Federal Electoral Register. He also was Former General Coordinator of the Technical Unit of Informatics Services at former IFE. He is Electric and Mechanical Engineer for the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) with specialization in Electronic and Communications; he has a Master degree in Informatics Technologies and Administration from the Autonomous Technology Institute. He was Project Supervisor for the General Direction of Computing Academic Services of UNAM. He was Under-director of Communications and later, Computing Coordinator of the Electoral Preliminary Results Programme of IFE. He has designed the Project National Network of Informatics of the institute and coordinated activities related of network administration of the same project, also developed an institutional information service. He was Operations Director of the Technical Unit of Informatics Services of IFE since where he has the responsibility of implementation of the Informatics National Network of the Institute (RedIFE), there he also participated in technologic update projects to the Informatics System of the Electoral Registry.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Alfredo Cid is Deputy Director of Relation with Political Parties of the Executive Direction of Electoral Registry of INE.

Topic 3 Electoral Organization

Miguel Angel Solís is Executive Director of the Electoral Organization in IFE. He holds a degree in Education and specializes in Spanish Literature and Language by the Superior Teaching Training School in Oaxaca (1974-1978). He is graduated in Education Science, specialized in Educative Research. He is permanent member of the Permanent Servant Service of IFE. Also, he was designed as Local Executive Authority in 1991 to 1993. Between 1993 and 1999, he worked as Electoral Organization authority in the Electoral Local Board. In 1999 to 2004 he was designed as IFE´s delegate in Baja California.

Gerardo Martínez is graduated from the National School of Teachers. From 1974 to 1991 he was professor at different public and private institutions. Since 1992, he works at the Federal Electoral Institute where he has held different positions: he was Department Officer in the First and Third Circumscription; Executive Officer of District 01 in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas; Deputy Director of the Third Circumscription; Executive Secretary of the Local Board of Veracruz; Director of the Forth Circumscription. Since 1999 he is Director of Statistics and Electoral Documentation. He has been speaker at different, national and international, forums including Master’s programs in electoral law. He has advised different countries on electoral affairs such as Haiti.

Topic 4 Transmission of Electoral Results

Jorge Humberto Torres, currently Head of the Technical Unit of Informatics Services (UNICOM). He is Engineer in Computing from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). From 1994 to 1999 worked at the General Direction of Academic Computing Services of UNAM at Telecommunication area. In 1997 he was member of the joint taskforce of the Electoral Preliminary Results Programme on behalf of UNAM; the programme was for the first time public published on the internet. After that, he joined IFE in 1999 as Communication Under director at the Technical Unit of Informatics Services, in 2001 was appointed as Operations Director of the same Unit. He has been Technical Coordinator for the Electoral Preliminary Results Programme at 2006, 2009 and 2012 federal elections.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Yuri González is Deputy Director on Technology and Security in Informatics of the Technical Unit of Informatics Services (UNICOM) at INE. During 2006, 2009 and 2012 he was part of the taskforce in charge of the design, implementation and test- supervising of the Preliminary Electoral Results Transmission Programme (PREP). Among his main functions are proposes, enhances and establishes mechanisms and procedures in order to keep on and enhance security into technologies services.

Topic 5 Decentralized organisms and relation with sub national level bodies

Olga Alicia Castro Ramírez recently appointed by the General Council as Head of the Technical Unit of Relations with Local EMBs, INE. She a member of the Professional Electoral Service. Ms. Castro holds a B.A. in Political Sciences and Public Administration by the Autonomous University of the State of Nuevo León and is candidate to a M.BA. in Law. She was Executive Officer of INE at the State of Zacatecas.

Josue Cervantes Martínez is President Councillor and Executive Officer of INE at Mexico City. He is a lawyer by the Universidad Veracruzana and worked since 1994 at former IFE now INE in different posts in his birthplace, Veracruz and since 2008 is appointed as Executive Officer of the Local office of INE for Mexico City. Prior this, he was Executive Officer of local Office of INE in Colima State, same appointment in the States of Veracruz and Nayarit.

Topic 6 Civic Education Programmes

Luis Javier Vaquero Ochoa holds a B.A. in Law by the National School of Professional Studies of the National Autonomous University of Mexico; and a Masters’ degree in Sociology by the Autonomous Meritorious University of Puebla. He has participated in seminars, congresses and workshops regarding human rights and environment. He has taught the following course: Law, Society and State, and Social Problems in Mexico. He has worked in two nongovernmental organizations; as Project Coordinator at Civic Alliance and as external Legal Advisor at “Capolihtic” Social Solidarity Society. He was Coordinator of the B.A. in Political Sciences at the Ibero-American University. He has been two times Electoral Councilor at the former Federal Electoral Institute (IFE); the first time from 1999 to 2000, and the second time from 2002 to 2003. During the first period, he chaired the Electoral Training and Civic Education Commission. At the Human Rights Local Commission of Mexico City, he worked as Advisor and Coordinator of Advisors to the Presidency, and as Executive Secretary. Currently he is the Executive Director of the Electoral Training and Civic Education at the INE.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Diana Treviño Rangel is the Head of the Didactics Material and Contends for Training of the Executive Direction of Electoral Training and Civic Education of INE.

Francisco Morales is Coordinator of Civic Education Research of the Executive Direction of Electoral Training and Civic Education of INE.

Topic 7 Electoral Justice

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

6. DELEGATES’ PROFILES

Mr. Ashraf Shuaibi is the Deputy Chief Electoral Officer of the Central Elections Commission since 2008. He has double nationality Palestinian / Australian. He holds a MBA in Business Administration by the Northeastern Illinios University in Chicago, a B.A. in the same discipline by the East-West University in Chicago and a Management in Public Sector at Berlin. He has 20 years on senior electoral posts, at USAID, UNDP, World Bank and European Union. He has been Electoral Advisor for the support project in Tunisia; part of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) senior electoral advisor in 2012; he was Aid Development Assistant Specialist for the West Bank/ Gaza Mission from the USAID project.

Mr. Khader Shamali is Director of the Department of Fields Operations since 2005. He holds a B.A. In Administration granted by the Al Quds Open University and has specialized courses regarding leadership, ITs and sub national public administration. Prior his current post he was Head of the Administrative Services at the same CEC, Chairman of the Jifna Village Council and Administrative Assistant for United Nations Relief and Work Agency (UNRWA) Jerusalem area Ramallah Office.

Mr. Bassem Salim is the Head of Information Systems Section-Central Elections Commission. He is an expert in software engineering, database administration, and data analysis so as data management. He is responsible for the development and supervision of the electoral and

management software developed by the CEC, and also responsible for managing the voter registry system. Mr. Saleem has a B.Sc. in Computer Science from Al-Quds University (2003). He also has certificates in database administration and software engineering development and implementation.

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

7. PROGRAMME

Monday, December 1st. 2014 (INE Headquarters)

Welcome Session 09.30 to 09.35 h Manuel Carrillo, Chief of Staff of the International Affairs Unit, INE 09.35 to 09.40 h Representative, AMEXCID, Ministry of Foreigner Affairs, Mexico 09:40 to 09:45 h Representative, CEC of Palestine 09:45 to 09:50 h Alberto Guevara, Chief of Staff of Relation with Electoral Bodies Unit, TEPJF 09:50 to 10:00 h Lorenzo Córdova, President Councilor, INE

Topic 1:Electoral Systems of Palestine and Mexico Moderator INE Electoral System of Palestine 10:00 to 10:30 h  Current context and main challenges  Functions, mandate and characteristics of the CEC  Regime of political parties Representative of CEC, Palestine 10:30 to 10:45 h Exchange Session 10:45 to 11:25 h Mexican Electoral System  Background and evolution facing electoral reforms  The National Electoral Institute. Functions, mandate and characteristics Electoral Councilor or National Expert 11.25 to 11.40 h Exchange Session 11.40 to 12.20 h Role and importance of Political parties in the Mexican electoral system

 The relationship of Political parties with the electoral authority

Electoral Councilor or National Expert 12:20 to 12:30 h Exchange Session 12.30 to 13.00 h Guided Visit of General Council 13.00 to 13.05 h Break 13:05 to 13.45 h The International Center of Electoral Training and Research (CICIE)  General Overview of electoral training and capacities’ building  Background  Mission and Vision of CICIE  Main Characteristics and functions  International Programmes

Manuel Carrillo, Chief of Staff of the International Affairs Unit, INE 13:45 to 14:00 h Exchange Session 14:00 to 15.30 h Lunch

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Tuesday, December 2nd, 2014 (INE’s Headquarters)

Topic 2: Electoral Registry Moderator INE 09:00 to 09:30 h Current status and challenges: Electoral Registry and issuance of a Voting ID Card in Palestine Representative of the CEC, Palestine 09.30 to 09:40 h Exchange Session 09.40 to 10.10 h Voters registry in Mexico  Characteristics of the Mexican voters registry  Updating mechanisms and debugging procedures  Informative campaigns towards citizens  Reliability of voters registry: technology and security

René Miranda, Executive Director of the Federal Electoral Register, INE 10:10 to 10:20 h Exchange Session 10:20 to 10:30 h Break 10:30 to 11:00 h Mexican voting ID Card with photography  Characteristics of the voting ID Card  Security and biometric methods  Voters ID Card issuance

René Miranda, Executive Director of the Federal Electoral Register, INE 11:00 to 11:15 h Exchange Session 11.15 to 12.00 h Transportation 12.00 to 12.45 h Visit to the Citizen Registry Office 091621 (San Antonio, Exhibimex) 13.00 to 15.00 h Lunch 15.00 to 15.20 h Transportation

Visit to the Voting ID Card with photography Production Center 15:20 to 17:15 h Voting ID Card with photography Production Center  Induction to the production process  Visit to the plant and presence issuance process

Staff of the Voting ID Card with photography Production Center, Laguna de Mayrán 17.15 to 17.30 h Exchange Session

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Wednesday, December 3rd, 2014 Visit to the Computing and Documentation Receipt Center (CECyRD) 07.30 to 09.30 h Transportation to Municipality of San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Estado de Hidalgo 09:30 to 10:45 h Computing and Documentation Receipt Center  Induction to the receipt process  Technology used  Visit to the center

Staff of CECyRD 10:45 to 11:00 h Exchange Session 11.00 to 13.00 h Transportation to Mexico City 13.00 to 15.00 h Lunch

(INE’s Headquarters)

Topic 3: Electoral Organization Moderator INE 15:00 to 15.20 h Current situation and faced challenges for electoral organization in Palestine  Electoral Material, logistics and electoral process  Voting procedures and vote counting mechanisms Representative of CEC, Palestine 15:20 to 15:30 h Exchange Session 15.30 to 16.00 h Mexican electoral organization: materials, logistics and electoral process development.  Logistics and Materials  Single Polling Station  E-Voting: advantages and disadvantages

Miguel Ángel Solís, Executive Director of Electoral Organization, INE Gerardo Martínez, Director of Documentation and Electoral Statistics, INE 16:00 to 16:10 h Exchange Session 16.10 to 16.15 h Break

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

(INE’s Headquarters)

Topic 4: Transmission of Electoral Results Moderator: INE 16:15 to 16:45 h Palestine’s current situation and challenges on the transmission of electoral results Representative of CEC, Palestine 16:45 to 17:00 h Exchange Session 17.00 to 17.30 h Mexico’s Preliminary Electoral Results Transmission Programme

 Scrutiny and tallying system  PREP, general overview  Legal Framework  PREP, operative process  Applied technology on results transmission  Security and reliability in the PREP

Jorge Torres, Chief of Staff Computing Services Unit, INE 17:30 to 17.45 h Exchange Session

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Thursday, December 4th, 2014 (INE’s Headquarters)

Topic 5: Decentralized organisms and relation with sub national level bodies Moderator INE 10.00 to 10.50 h Sub national legal competency and faculties in the organization of elections at sub national level of CEC  Decentralized structure  Autonomy in decision  Permanency of bodies and integration  Elections manage at local level, public posts in contest  Working plan coordination between CEC and decentralized offices

Representative of CEC, Palestine 10.50 to 11.00 h Exchange Session 11.00 to 11.50 h Local Council of INE at Mexico City  Structure and faculties of the decentralized office of INE  Functions and integration  Duality of functions of the office, Local Board and Local Council  Relation with headquarters of INE

Josué Cervantes Martínez, President Councilor and Executive Officer of INE for Mexico City 11.50 to 12.00 h Exchange Session 12.00 to 12.15 h Break 12:15 to 13:15 h Relationship between the national electoral authority and the local EMBs  INE’s Technical Unit of Relation with local EMBs  Legal framework of the unit  Functions and faculties  Work plan scheme with local EMBs  Faculties of the local EMBs  Structure and integration of a local EMB  Elections under their management  Relationship with the national EMB

Olga Alicia Castro Ramírez, Head of the Technical Unit of Relations with Local EMBs, INE 13.15 to 13.30 h Exchange Session 13.30 to 15.30 h Lunch

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

(INE’s Headquarters)

Topic 6: Civic Education Programmes Moderator: INE 15:30 to 16:10 h Palestine’s current situation and challenges on civic education  Civic Education Programmes  Training to minorities’ groups  Civic Education focus to youth and children

Representative of CEC, Palestine 16:10 to 16.25 h Exchange Session 16.25 to 17.15 h Mexico’s voters’ education programmes  Implementation and effectiveness’ assessment of programmes  Civic Education Programmes for youth and children  Voters’ education for minority groups

Luis Javier Vaquero, Executive Director of Civic Education and Electoral Training, INE 17.15 to 17.30 h Exchange Session

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Friday, December 5th, 2014 (TEPJF Headquarters)

Topic 7: Electoral Justice Moderator: TEPJF1 10:00 to 10:40 h Electoral Justice in Palestine  Main problems and challenges

Representative of CEC, Palestine 10:40 to 11:10 h Exchange Session 11:10 to 11:40 h Electoral Court in Mexico: evolution and structure  Superior Courtroom: legal competency and structure  Regional Courtrooms: legal competency and structure  Specialized Courtroom: legal competency and structure  Profiles of members and selection process of Magistrates  Legal Framework of TEPJF

Representative, TEPJF 11.40 to 11.50 h Exchange Session 11.50 to 12.00 h Break 12:00 to 12:30 h Appealing and Contest Means  Mexican reforms regarding electoral justice  Legal means of the jurisdictional electoral system in Mexico

Representative, TEPJF 12:30 to 12:50 h Exchange Session 12:50 to 13:00 h Break 13:00 to 13:45 h Contests means in electoral affairs  Trial of protection of political-electoral rights of citizens  Trial of constitutional review on electoral affairs  Trial of inconformity

Representative, TEPJF 13:45 to 14.00 h Exchange Session 14.00 to 16:00 h Lunch

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1 Electoral Court by its acronym in Spanish, Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación. 19

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

8. MEXICO-PALESTINE RELATIONSHIP BACKGROUND

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

9. MEXICO’S POLITICAL AND ELECTORAL SYSTEMS

POLITICAL AND ELECTORAL OVERLOOK

Political Organization: Mexico is a Federal State composed by thirty-two entities of a Federation: thirty-one states and the Federal District (Mexico City), this one, being the venue of the Federal Branches. The government system is presidential. Both, Federation and the thirty-two states are based on the principle of division of powers between the Executive, Legislative and Judicial Branches.

Form of Government: presidential.

 Executive Power: The Federal Executive power rests upon the President of the Mexican United States2. At local system, for each one of the thirty-one states upon the Governor for each entity and in the Chief of Government for the Federal District. All of them are elected every six years and may not be re-elected.

 Legislative Branch: vested upon the Union Congress, divided into: Upper and Lower Chambers. The Legislative Branch of the thirty-two entities is single-chambered; those belonging to the thirty-one states are called Local Congresses and the one for the Federal District is named Legislative Assembly. All legislators are elected for a three-year period, except the members of the Upper Chamber who serve a six-year period. And beyond the 2015 election can be related for another term of service not exceeding, the Congresses Men and the Senators a twelve years period at the appointment.

 Judiciary Branch: At Federal level presided by the Highest Court in the Country, Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, the judiciary function besides is deposited at the Electoral Court of the Federation, Circuit Tribunals and District Tribunals. With exception of the Supreme Court, the Federation Judiciary Council oversights and manage disciplinary procedures to organisms’ members of the branch.

ELECTORAL SYSTEM

Mexican electoral system is a mix system of election, it means representatives are elected by relative majority or simple majority election through direct vote and a proportional representative derived of it; with a little inclination to relative majority system election.

Election of the President of the Republic: through direct election, universal suffrage, and the principle of simple majority.

Election of the Lower Chamber Members: The Lower Chamber is integrated by 500 representatives; all of whom are renewed every three years by a mixed system; 200 by proportional representation through a system of parties’ lists of five constituencies and 300 by simple majority at uninominal electoral districts wide country.

2 Official name of the country. 21

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Election of the Upper Chamber: composed by 128 members elected through a three-partite system. 64 are elected in a two-member formula3 –two senators for each state of the country- elected by simple majority, 32 are determinate by proportional representation and the last 32 senators are elected by a principle of the first minority, this minority is the formula that gains the second largest balloting.

Mexican Electoral System’s Bodies

 National Electoral Institute  Federal Electoral Court4  Specialized Prosecutor Office for Electoral Crimes5

Besides these three specialized bodies at federal level, every state of the republic has, by constitutional mandate a permanent Local Electoral Court and a permanent EMB, which results in 32 Local EMBs and 32 local Electoral Courts; no matter Mexican Constitution gives autonomy of functions to local EMBs, if needed the local EMB can subscribe an agreement with the National Institute to arrange this last one administrates a local election besides the faculty of attraction that law grants to INE of vote .

ELECTORAL MANAGEMENT BODIES, NATIONAL AND LOCALS

There are two main features regarding electoral affairs that determine distribution of competences. First; the Federation; as well as the 32 states, has their own regulations, institutions and procedures in electoral affairs. That is to say, the boundaries between the electoral competences of the two levels of jurisdiction are clearly marked, but some functions are just faculty of the national EMB, i.e. electoral training, national voters’ registry, over sight, for mention some of them. In case the INE, considers the local EMB has enough structure and capacity to handle the functions it can be delegated on them.

Hence, although they have some fundamental rules in common, federal elections (President, Representatives and Senators) and local elections (Governors, State Representatives and local authorities) are ruled and organized separately.

Second, the administrative and the jurisdictional functions are separated functions, therefore are given to different organs for each level.

The National Electoral Institute (INE) is an autonomous, public organization, with an independent character regarding its decisions and functioning. It is in charge of manages federal elections, that is, the election of President of the United Mexican States and Lower and Upper Chamber members that constitute the Union Congress.

3 Candidate and substitute candidate. 4 Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación, (TEPJF, by its acronym in Spanish. It is integrated by a Superior Courtroom and Five Regionals Courtrooms). 5 A specialized office subordinated to the General Prosecutor Office of the Republic.(FEPADE, by its acronym in Spanish) 22

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

The National Electoral Institute (INE) is an autonomous, public organism, with an independent character regarding its decisions and functioning. It is in charge of manages federal elections, that is, the election of President of the United Mexican States and Lower and Upper Chambers’ members that constitute the Union Congress.

The Constitution core values in which the National Electoral Institute must base every action are six:

Certainty Legality Independence Impartiality Objectivity Maximum Publicity

INE is endowed with a permanent character, legal personality and patrimony of its own. Its headquarters are in the Federal District, and in order to carry out its tasks it operates in a decentralized manner across the nation with 32 decentralized offices one in every entity of the country and 300 more offices at district level.

Ever since its creation, the constitutional and legal regulations in this matter have experienced significant reform processes, which have had an impact on its integration, attributions and functions. It is worth to mention the reforms of 1996 and 2007.

The first one because it reinforced the level of independence and autonomy of the EMB by completely dissociating the Executive Branch from any aspect regarding its integration and functioning, and by reserving the vote within all its directive bodies to Citizens Councilors that do not have links to any political party or to any State power or body. The second one, because it strengthened and extended EMB’s attributions, especially in terms of over-sight’s faculty and control of the funding of political parties and electoral campaigns, as well as the administration of the slots allocated to the State on radio and television to operate a new electoral advertisement scheme.

In order to guarantee a professional and specialized performance, the Institute relies on a special system regarding recruitment, selection, training, and evaluation of qualified staff to provide electoral services, especially in areas directly linked with the preparation and organization of elections. This system developed is the Professional Electoral Service.

Mandate

The electoral law establishes that the organization and functioning of INE must be oriented towards achieving eight fundamental goals:

 To contribute to the development of democracy.

 To preserve the strengthening of the political parties’ system.

 To integrate the federal registry of voters.

 To ensure the citizens' exercise of political-electoral rights and to guard the observation of their duties.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

 To guarantee periodical, truthful and peaceful elections to renew the Legislative and the Executive Branches.

 To watch for the authenticity and effectiveness of vote casting.

 To promote vote and democratic culture.

 To be sole authority to manage the slots belonging to the State in radio and television designated to spread electoral bodies’ objectives and to guarantee the right of equity of the political parties.

Main Attributions

INE is directly responsible for all of the activities concerning the preparation, organization, conduction, and surveillance of the federal electoral processes, as well as for those regarding the goals that the law has established for it. Among its main attributions are the following:

 To periodically determine and revise the electoral geography.

 To elaborate and update the Federal Registry of Voters, and issue the photographic voting card required for casting a vote.

 To register national political groups and parties as well as guard their rights and prerogatives.

 To set the ceilings for campaign expenses.

 To oversee and audit the origin, management and application of all political parties’ financial resources regarding ordinary and campaign activities.

 To register the candidacies for federal election posts.

 To design, print, and distribute all electoral materials.

 To select and train polling site officers.

 To regulate opinion surveys and polls.

 To assure electoral observation.

 To tally electoral results.

 To declare the validity and grant certificates in the elections for Lower and Upper Chamber members6.

 To receive electoral breaches according to law and filed documentation to be send to the Electoral Court.

6 Regarding Presidential Election, the Electoral Court has the final part of the process into its responsibility. After solve all claims and resources filed, the Court must tally and declare validity of the election so as grants to the winning candidate the certificate of President Elect. 24

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

 To design and execute permanent civic education programs.

Role distribution on electoral areas

As already mentioned, on December 13th of 2013, the Congress of the Union approved a block of constitutional reforms that deliver significant updates and some novelties onto the Mexican electoral regime oriented towards political and electoral matters.

On February the 10th of 2014, the Official Gazette of the Federation published the decree in which various political and electoral dispositions were reformed and abrogated in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States.

Such reform redesigns in a substantial manner the Mexican electoral regime, for the purpose lies in aligning the standards in which the federal and local electoral processes are organized, thus guaranteeing the Mexican democracy´s quality levels.

On May 2014, the secondary law was issued from the electoral and political reform, and named General Law for Electoral Institutions and Procedures (LEGIPE by its acronym in Spanish).

Besides organizing the federal electoral processes, INE coordinates along with local electoral organisms for the polls´ organization in each federated entity when federal and local elections converged, the unique polling station with divided costs.

The administrative attributions (prepare, organize, and conduct elections), and the jurisdictional attributions (controversy resolution and applying of electoral justice), are clearly differentiated and are bestowed upon different organisms for each governmental level.

On a national level, the administrative attributions correspond to direct management of the National Electoral Institute (INE), which is, as previously mention, a public autonomous and independent body; as for the jurisdictional attributions, these belong to the Electoral Tribunal, which is a specialized Court of the Federation´s Judiciary Branch that also possesses attributions to resolve, in certain cases and as a last instance, local electoral controversies.

National Electoral Institute The National Electoral Institute (INE) is the public autonomous body responsible for organizing federal elections, meaning, elections of the Republic´s President, Representatives, and Senators that integrate the Congress of the Union. By the recent reform it has being endowed with a faculty, if the case, to vote at the General Council to organizing local elections in the states of the Republic or the Federal District, along with the local electoral management bodies.

The INE is empowered to carry out in an integral and direct manner all the duties related to preparing, organizing and conducting federal elections, which include reviewing and adjusting electoral geography; integrating and updating the electoral roll; attending the rights and prerogatives of political parties and national political clusters; formulating and executing permanent civic education programs.

Also, along with the new political and electoral reform, INE possesses new roles.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

 Under petition of the political parties, INE may organize their internal elections7.  INE will guarantee that independent candidates have access to State´s times on radio and television, so that they may issue their campaigns.  Verify the compliance of the required minimum of the nominal list (2%) in order to request practice of popular consultation8, and carrying out the necessary activities for its organization, including the results scrutiny and declaration.

INE´s inner structure on a central and decentralized level has three different types of bodies: 1) Executive, constituted under the General Council´s figure, is the decision-taker body and deliberative stances, responsible for watching over the compliance of constitutional and legal norms related to the matter;

2) Technical-executive, constituted under a board of trustees figure and are responsible of carrying out all required technical and administrative tasks for preparing, organizing, and developing the elections (300 offices long-across the country and 32 offices at every state entity in the country);

3) Surveillance, integrated under a commissions figure with exclusive assignments in the electoral registry sphere.

INE´s General Council The General Council is the superior executive body of the National Electoral Institute, thus, responsible of watching over compliance of the constitutional and legal dispositions on electoral affairs, as well as for watching over certainty, legality, independence, impartiality, objectivity and maximum publicity principles guide all institution´s activities. It is composed by 11 members with voice and vote rights, and a variable number of members with voice right but no vote9. Within their new attributions, it has been considered that INE will designate local General Councils for every local EMB. The 11 members with the right of voice and vote are the President Counselor and 10 Electoral Counselors all of which are elected with a two thirds voting by the legislative lower chamber, from proposals made by the Technical Evaluation Committee (CTE). This committee is made up by seven “personalities of recognized prestige”- three of them designated by the lower chamber, two of them by the Information Access Federal Institute (IFAI), and two more by Human Rights National Commission (CNDH). The President Counselor is elected to serve for a 9 year term (the current President Counselor began his term in February 2014) no reelection is possible. The ten Electoral Counselors are appointed to serve nine, six or three years’ terms and may not be reelected.

Current Electoral Council is integrated by:

7 Which has occurred the past summer; the Democratic Revolution Party (PRD) requested the EMB to organize its internal elections that being held on September 7th. 8 A direct democracy tool, which could be used by citizens for the first time in Mexico’s history. 9 Seven Councilors from Legislative Branch, one for each parliamentary fraction representing at the Congress; and ten national political parties’ representatives, one for every party with national registration and the Executive Secretary. 26

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

 PhD. Lorenzo Córdova Vianello, President of the General Council  M.A. Enrique Andrade González  M.A. Marco Antonio Baños Martínez  M.A. Adriana M. Favela Herrera  M.A. Beatriz Eugenia Galindo Centeno  PhD. Ciro Murayama Rendón  PhD. Benito Nacif Hernández  PhD. José Roberto Ruiz Saldaña  M.A. Pamela San Martín Ríos y Valles  M.A. Arturo Sánchez Gutiérrez  M.A. Javier Santiago Castillo

2012 General Elections

The most recent federal elections held were on July the 1st, 2012, to elect President of the Republic, 128 Senators, and 500 seats for the Chamber of Congressmen. Also local elections where carried out for 16 federated entities. In general terms, there were 2127 disputed positions in the entire country (629 on a federal level and 1498 on a local level). Seven political parties participated in these federal elections.

- Lower Chamber: - Upper Chamber:

Political Party Acquired seats Political Party Acquired seats PAN 38 PAN 114 PRI 54 PRI 212 PRD 22 PRD 104 PVEM 7 PVEM 29 PT 5 PT 15 MC 1 MC 16 PANAL 1 PANAL 10 TOTAL 128

TOTAL 500

Electoral roll: 78’552’62610 Turn out levels: 49’087,446 (63.14%) Electoral logistics: 143,132 voting polls were set up and 1,002,057 citizens were given training to work as polling officials, of which 572,604 made up the poll executive boards. Mediation: 1,218 queries were presented.

10 Updating the number to November 2014, the current electoral roll is 86,629,771 citizens. 27

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

2015 Elections Overview

The forthcoming June, 1st 2015, mid-term elections will be held in Mexico, at national level the Lower Chamber will be renewed, 500 Congressmen. At local level, 9 Governors and 2,148 posts more municipalities’ heads, mayors and local congressmen; in total 2,157 public offices in dispute.

Besides, the novelties derivatives of the most recent reform, the past summer 3 new political forces gain their registry as national political parties, so, by 2015 they will be ten political parties in contest during elections.

Among others, for the first time, local EMBs and INE will share a unique polling station11; that represents a challenge in logistics operations and financially. Sharing a polling station means sharing costs, human resources at field operations, a different scrutiny and tally methodology and a different number of polling officers regarding the previous used model.

New model of Single polling station

Traditional Model Single Polling Station Model

President Secretary Scrutinizers General Substitutes

With the traditional model in the forthcoming e-day of 2015, polling workers should be in charge of maximum three elections (president, congressmen and senators) with the new sharing model they will in charge maximum of four elections (congressmen, governor, mayor and local congressmen). Scrutiny and tallying procedures shall be conducted at the same time by different persons under president of polling station’s supervising.

VOTER REGISTRY

In Mexico, the vote is universal, free, secret, direct, personal and not transferable. All persons with Mexican nationality, by birth or by naturalization, who are 18 years of age or older, and have an honest way of living, have the right to vote. However, in order to exercise this right, the law establishes certain additional requirements such as registration of the

11 In 2015, 17 federal entities (states of the country) will hold local elections the same day of federal, in where unique polling station model shall operate. 28

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

citizen in the Federal Registry of Voters and possession of a photo-voting ID card, which is issued free of charge by the National Electoral Institute.

The electoral registry in Mexico is of an active nature, that is, it is responsibility of the citizens who fulfill the requirements, to attend, carry out and complete their registration in person before one of the citizens attention offices in field or modules set up for this purpose by INE throughout the country.

In any case, the registration process is verified by an accurate geographic-electoral frame in accordance to the voters’ home address within the national territory which also determines the place where, as a general rule, the citizens must vote. The specific territorial site is called electoral section, which is the basic geographical unit into which the national territory is divided for electoral purposes. According to the law, an electoral section is made up of a minimum of 50 and a maximum of 1,500 voters; within the limits of each section, a polling booth or site must be installed for every 750 registered voters.

It is important to point out that the registry of voters is federal, which implies that it is also used for local elections. The use of the instruments from the Federal Registry of Voters for such purpose is formalized through collaboration agreements between INE and the local electoral authorities.

Federal Registry instruments

Electoral Roll Federal Instrument that holds all information of citizens that inscribed themselves to the electoral registry to obtain their Voting ID Card. It holds information of all citizens whom requires a Voting ID card and completes Electoral List the procedure obtaining it. Information classified by electoral district and by electoral section. It is the instrument polling officers handle at elections day. Temporary Instrument in which previous expressed requirement of the citizen Electoral List of Citizens living abroad, the Registry office pull out them of their sectional lists to put into this Abroad temporary legal instrument that acts only during the electoral process12. The (LNERE ,by its acronym in LNERE is used to integrate documentation shipping abroad. This instrument shall Spanish) be integrated by the Registry Executive Direction of IFE and validated by the General Council, onto two modalities: By voters’ current address abroad13; and by

voters’ permanent address in Mexico.14

These are not the only instruments generated by the Federal Electoral Registry Executive Direction, but are the most visible in the electoral process. As electoral roll is a sole faculty of INE under collaboration agreements the EMB hand over to sub national EMBs when needed for local elections.

12 On the valid period of the LNERE legal force (October 1 previous year of election to January 15 of the year of the election). 13 It serves to ship the electoral ballot to the citizen abroad. 14 It rules the return of the ballot classification in order to realize the scrutinizing and tallying. 29

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Voting ID card with photography

The Voting ID Card has suffered an evolution, from the card without photography that was issued on 1991 to the 2014 encrypted design with two possibilities of shown the complete address of the citizen or shown only electoral section, neighborhood and city under request of the citizen are in between 25 security measures and biometrics mechanisms.

Evolution by year in type and number of security measures:

INE has celebrate contract with a German company set up in Mexico to print the cards, two plants are responsible of the production for an approximately cost of 0.55 cents of an American dollar and work 24 hours per day in order reach the production. Is a private company with an in-plant staff of INE that conduct quality controls to approve every card issued.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Security Measures at the 2014 voting card design15:

15 To consult the detailed list of security measures see Annex 1. 31

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ELECTORAL TRAINING

The electoral training provides tools to different actors (citizens acting as election polling station’s officers, political parties’ representatives at polling stations, electoral observers and citizens) involved in the development, monitoring and observation of electoral processes to fulfill the entrusted task.

In Mexico polling station officers are citizens selected by a random process and train with the specific purpose of receive votes casted and conduct the scrutiny and tallying processes.

Randomly selection process for polling station officers

 By raffle the General Council of INE selects a month of the calendar, all citizens born in that month and the immediately following month shall be candidates  Every district council must select at least the 13% of every electoral list  Those selected citizens will received an invitation to get trained, in a general overview  The general council will select a capital letter, those last names beginning with that letter must head the lists of potential polling stations’ officers  With this last one criteria each district council must conduct the entitlement of their polling stations officers  Those will be invited to a second training course with specific information regarding to the role he or she must develop on e-day

Polling station officers: Citizens selected randomly, by means of two drawings, to receive, tally and register the votes during Election- Day.

Training Modes: a) In situ: Teaching platform: Cognitive approach, constructivist theory and skills development. b) Individual or group: Home address; Alternative space determined by the Executive Direction; Temporary of fixed training centers.

The electoral training during electoral process also considers train to electoral observers. Electoral Observers are citizens that want surveillances the process, they are allowed by law and all EMBs must assurance they can do it and provide the knowledge tools.

Mexico is a country with an old and strong tradition in support electoral observation; since 1994 with public money through an international organism have funded a special support project for those civil society organizations to develop specific projects regarding the process with a wide range of topics to be observed. As well, have a legal figure –the foreigner visitors- that let the EMB invite foreigner organizations, citizens or EMB´s members to accompany for e-day.

Under requirement of political forces also INE is in possibility of provide train to representatives of political parties and other sector of citizens interesting in got training regarding elections, under timing possibilities of the institute.

ELECTORAL ORGANIZATION

 Location of the Polling Centers

The ruling legislation establishes that the polling sites should be located in places with free and easy access for voters, that allow the installation of booths or modules that guarantee secrecy in the casting of the vote, and that places which

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

may be susceptible to influencing should be avoided. To this end, the preferred locations would be public schools and offices. In any case, it corresponds to the district councils of the INE to determine the number and location of the polling site that will be installed in the sections included within their area of jurisdiction.

 E- Day

The election-day is, undoubtedly, the crucial stage of the electoral process. During this stage, the citizens cast their votes, which will determine the integration of the national representation bodies.

The polling day starts at 8:00 a.m. with the installation and opening of the polling sites, and ends with the closing of them at 6.00 p.m. After that scrutiny and tally of the votes received in each one of the sites have been carried out and the respective electoral packages have been put together the president of every polling site has the duty of hand over them back onto INE district offices.

Since 1994, the EMB has implemented and perfected a Preliminary Electoral Results Programme (PREP), which allows the electronic transmission of data from each of the 300 district committees to a national center, by means of state of the art technology. These results are publicly broadcasted in a national pressroom and through the Internet at the moment they are been received.

The prohibition to publish or broadcast results or opinion surveys on electoral preferences through any means is void as of 20.00 hrs. Central Time Zone. Usually, the electronic communications media publicize the results of exit polls and of quick counts at this time.

TRANSMISSION OF ELECTORAL RESULTS

Electoral Preliminary Results Programme (PREP)

This programme is a mechanism of information in real time, provides preliminary results, it allows to citizens to known of the preliminary results of the election the same night of e-day with a high grade of accuracy.

Its execution has been done since 1994, developed under an agreement with the National Autonomous University of México since then the State of Art of the programme has been perfected.

The operational process is as following, 300 gathering and Transmission Center shall be installed, one at each decentralized office of INE (District Electoral Office) and two national preliminary electoral results reception centers (one functioning and the other one is a backup). In the latest election it operates with a temporary staff of 4,705 people nationwide. Its accuracy on the 2012 general election was from -0.01 to +0.05 with the first fourth places in the results.

Operational Process

 Tally Sheets arrives to the district office from each polling station of its jurisdiction  Immediately staff of INE took off from the electoral package the original of that sheet  Results are read in loud voice one by one and at the same time clerking them into an internal system that is being projecting on a big screen, so all political parties’ representatives can viewed them

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 At the same time at CEDAT16 clerk officers are typing the same information17 that will be transmit in real-time to the national preliminary results center with a confirmation round in order to avoid mistakes in typing; only matched results could be sent.  After clerks typed data, other personnel from CEDAT scan every tally sheet to be uploaded to internet, so every citizen can consult it practically 1 hour after being received at INE offices through RedINE website  The information is compiled at the national center in order to project a nationwide preliminary result by each election.

Media representatives and independent journalists so as foreigner journalists can register at INE and get an accreditation to be at the national center pressroom in where giant screens are projecting these results with hardware equipment and TICs connections available to let them work and send their press releases.

POLITICAL PARTIES’ PREROGATIVES: FINANCING AND ACCESS MEDIA

Registry as political party

Mexico has a political parties’ regime, Mexican Constitution considers a political party as a public interesting entity, in that sense procures all the activities regarding assurance the exercise of a political life to every political organization that fulfilled legal requirements and reach the status of political party.

For those entities participate in elections and perform all the functions that are inherent to them, parties must obtain their legal registration, which gives them a set of rights, privileges and obligations. To maintain its registration, with the current reform at least it must obtain 3% of the valid voting cast in a federal election. When a political force reaches the status of political party, it access to constitutional prerogatives. By legal mandate prerogatives includes not only public financing, there are also media access, telegraphic and mailing franchises.

Currently, in Mexico there are ten political parties at federal level. The following chart presents its name, registered symbol and year of registry, in which order for all activities are mentioned by the institute;

16 Centro de Acopio y Transmisión de Datos by its acronym in Spanish (Gathering and Results Transmission Center). 17 The information typed is as following: type of election; electoral section number; number ID of polling station; time of gathering; total of ballots unused; total number of voters on electoral list; number of ballots took off ballot box; obtained votes by each political party; casted votes for a non-registered candidate and null votes. 34

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Partido Acción Nacional (PAN) 1939 (National Action Party)

Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) 1945 (Institutional Revolutionary Party)

Partido de la Revolución Democrática 1988 (Democratic Revolution Party)

Partido Verde Ecologista de México (PVEM) 1993 (Green Party of Mexico)

Partido del Trabajo (PT) 1993 (Labour Party)

Nueva Alianza 2005 (New Alliance)

Movimiento Ciudadano 2011 (Citizen Movement)

Movimiento para la Regeneración Nacional 2014 (National Regeneration Movement)

Partido Humanista 2014 (Humanist Party)

Partido Encuentro Social 2014 (Social Encounter Party)

Financing

There are two sources for financing: public and private funds. Public financing is divided into three fields:

permanent ordinary activities, specific activities as entities of public interest (both yearly financing) and Campaign expenditures.

The total amount of ordinary public financing per year is linked to the number of registered voters and the legal minimum wage.

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

The amount results from multiplying the total number of citizens registered in the electoral roll up to July previous election year per 65% of the minimum wage currently in force in the Capital City.

The subsidy granted for specific activities as entities of public interest aims at supporting political parties in activities that concern political training and education, socio-economic and political researches, as well as editorial tasks. With this purpose, an additional amount that equals 3% the amount for ordinary activities, is granted and distributed to women enhancing specific activities.

As for private funding for campaign expenditures when general elections (those for President, Senators and members of the Lower Chamber), each party must receive a 50% plus of the amount of the financing that it shall receive each year for ordinary expenses for the campaign. In case of intermediate legislative elections, the political parties get 30% of the normal yearly funding.

It is important to remark that each financing mechanism is distributed in the same way: 30% is allocated in equal parts to all political parties with parliamentary representation and the other 70% is distributed according to the percentage of votes gained of the total sum cast for each political party with representation in Congress in the preceding election for Lower Chamber members at national level.

For political parties that obtained their registration after the latest federal election or that kept their registry but do not have representation in Congress, the law establishes that each one of them must receive public funding as follows: 3% of the total amount that corresponds to political parties for permanent ordinary activities; the corresponding additional amount for electoral expenses and only the equalitarian part of the funding for specific activities.

Media Access

The constitutional and legal reforms of 2007-2008 have brought significant modifications in this matter. Although political parties had guaranteed permanent and free access to radio and television, they were also allowed to hire additional time slots during electoral periods but in 2008 this change.

The main novelty is that nowadays the free access is the only way political parties and their candidates may broadcast electoral advertisement through radio and television that, in Mexico, operate under a scheme of licenses and concessions granted by the State. With this reform and by constitutional mandate, neither the political parties, nor any other subject may hire time slots in electronic media or radio for electoral purposes.

To operate the scheme of access and the use of radio and television for electoral purposes, the law appoints the EMB as the sole authority for the management of the time owned by the State in those media for all electoral bodies, federal and local, as well as political parties that contend in the federal and local elections.

The law itself details criteria and procedures for the allocation of that time (that during electoral periods adds up to 48 minutes a day in each radio station and television channel within the country) between the electoral authorities and the different political parties.

Also as a result of the recent reforms, the Constitution establishes that during the period comprising the federal and local campaigns and until the end of the corresponding polling day, the broadcasting of all government propaganda

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must be interrupted except for that of education and health services, or the one needed to protect the citizenship in emergencies.

Likewise, the reform rocket a decree to constitutional level. The new law states that political or electoral propaganda disclosed by the political parties must not include expressions that denigrate institutions, parties themselves or slander the people.

Integral System for Managing State Times (SIATE)

The SIATE (by its acronym in Spanish) is a unique an unprecedented system through which INE is allowed to fulfill all its obligations and faculties regarding media access.

Through the system INE is capable to:

Develops advertising for each station and channel that broadcast

Receives and technically rates these spots, in order to be inserted onto broadcasting and transmission schedule (patterns of transmission)

Send to media the spots to be broadcasted or transmitted

Automatically detects, when broadcasting or transmission, the spot and verify the compliance of the pattern

Records the spot and storage them, with historical inquires purposes

Send reports of transmission and broadcast

Verifies spots are transmitted or broadcasted under law regulations regarding their contents

When programming the schedule of spots it is done especially careful regarding all political parties have the broadcast or transmission of their spots in all range of hours, days and signals to meet the equity principle.

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Verification

The National Centre for Monitoring and Control (CENACOM, by its acronym in Spanish) in charge of distributes all spots verified and generated with the acoustic fingerprint and provides software to all the Verifying and Monitoring Centres of the country -a total of 150 country wide-.

The capacity of all this installed infrastructure of this system is monitor and registry 1,551 signals, from which 1,144 are radio stations and 407 of them are TV signals.

Other prerogatives to political parties

The telegraph and postal services are property of the State as strategic sector that they are. In this order, the State allows to use them in a free manner not only to the EMB but to the political parties. These prerogatives seemly to be not so important take a special appreciation considering the extension of the country and the difficulty of access to some areas.

OVERSIGHT AND EXPENDITURES CONTROL OF POLITICAL PARTIES

As a result of the same reform18, a new specialized, permanent and autonomous Technical Unit was created within the EMB with responsibilities related to the reception and the integral revision of the reports presented by political parties regarding the origin, amount and destination of their financial resources.

18 The 2007-2008 legal and electoral reform. 38

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Such is the Technical Unit for Oversight Political Parties’ Resources (UTF, by its acronym in Spanish), which will not be limited in its performance by the banking, taxes or fiduciary secrets established by other laws in Mexico.

In this regard, the parties are not only compelled to present annual financial and campaign reports, but also must present the following:

 quarterly advance reports of their exercise in non-electoral years;  a consolidated annual statement of their assets and property;  pre-campaign reports for each of their pre-candidates to elective posts, within the following 30 days of the conclusion of the pre-campaign;  report of the expenses of organization of the intern and pre-campaign processes for the selection of candidates included in the annual financial report; and a  Preliminary report of campaign expenses, with updated data as of May 30 on election year.

With the 2013-2014 reform on electoral affairs UTF was endowed with the faculty of oversee at national and local level the financial resources of political parties with national or local registry. But it is also endowed with the possibility of delegate local oversight onto local EMBs with the only restriction of verify that have technical and human resources capacity.

A new faculty given by law to the UTF is the possibility of pay in behalf of political parties for some expenditure regarding the following activities:

Permanent ordinary activities Pre-campaign Campaign

Or just to pay specifically for:

Those regarding to advertising on public places during campaign

All political parties are compelled to hand over informs to the UTF, as well the Unit after made a final decision about each one integrated a consolidated inform which is presented to the General Council of the institute through its President, to proceed with sanctions if it the case.

ELECTORAL TRIBUNAL OF THE JUDICIARY BRANCH

The jurisdictional activities belong to the Federal Electoral Court, a specialized organ of the Judiciary Branch of the Federation that has the constitutional sole faculty to solve regarding electoral affairs, in certain cases at first instance in local electoral controversies (in Regional Courtrooms) and in some issues at last instance or unique instance (Superior Courtroom).

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

Electoral Jurisdiction in Mexico suffered a series of reforms since 1977 from an administrative nature tribunal depending of the executive branch until at final an electoral jurisdiction organ of the judiciary branch is constituted. The Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación is the Federal Electoral Court in the country, its composition is as following:

Superior Courtroom Five regional chambers, one for each constituency

Superior Courtroom

It has its venue at Mexico City and is integrated by 7 Magistrates19, with previous judicial career and appointed by a term of nine years without re-election.

The current members of Superior Courtroom are: President José Alejandro Luna Ramos; Magistrates Pedro Esteban Penagos; Constancio Carrasco Daza; Salvador Nava Gomar; Flavio Galván Rivera, Manuel González Oropeza and María del Carmen Alanis Figueroa.

Five constituencies determine the electoral geography and jurisdiction, each jurisdiction has a collegiate organ.

Each regional courtroom is integrated by three magistrates, elected by two thirds of the Senate under proposal of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, appointed for a term of nine years with no re-election and on a staggered basis as well.

19 Elected on a staggered basis by two thirds of the Senate Chamber by a proposal of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation. The requirements to be fulfilled as Magistrate are the same requirements to be Ministry of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation. 40

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

The main criteria to determinate an electoral constituency is voters’ demography per km2, that’s the reason why some constituencies are smaller in land but same number of voters as other bigger.

Each constituency’s main city is the venue of its regional courtroom. Citizens can file a complaint in person or by electronic means.

Electoral Justice

The General Law of Electoral Disputes Means’ System specifically stipulates the procedure to challenge elections;

Results of any election Any act adopted or produced by the EMBs, in which have the perception of rights’ breaches. Those acts can be dispute only during the stage of results and declaration of validity of the elections. Decisions of the national EMB that are allegedly in breach of constitutional or legal norms regarding the elections for President, Senators, and Congressmen. Even, as last instance at internal disputes of political parties.

The system comprises different appeals’ means and procedures that may be filed for each one of the federal election posts. Only political parties and candidates are entitled to appeal, although candidates can do so only when because of illegibility reasons the electoral authorities do not grant certificate of majority or first minority.

The Mexican electoral system has seven mechanisms on electoral controversies; each one has its own terms and times, special procedures for entitlements and correspondent jurisdictions or authorities with competence to solve the cases:

. Review Process . Appeal Process . Unconformity Trial . Mean of Reconsideration . Protection to the political-electoral rights of Citizens’ Trial . Constitutional Review on Electoral Affairs’ Trial . Labor disputes between INE and its employees’ Trial . Labor disputes between TEPJF20 and its employees’ Trial

Besides, the law comprises the appeal throughout reconsideration to challenge the resolutions set forth by the TEPJF for the appeals regarding the election of Deputies and Senators and allocation of seats by the General Council of INE by proportional representation system. The resolution of such appeals is sole faculty of the Superior Courtroom of the TEPJF, and in any case must be solved three days prior the establishment of the Chambers of the Congress of the Union, that is, not after August 26, of the election year.

20 Federal Electoral Court by its acronym in Spanish. 41

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

When tallying, validity and majority certificate is granted or allocation are not challenged within the timeframe or by the correct means, they are considered as valid, firm and undisputable four days after INE concludes the corresponding tallying, since that is the time period for political parties to file challenges.

Also as a result of the 2007 electoral reform and to offer more reliability and transparency to the results of an election, the electoral law in force explicitly comprises the feasibility of tallying all votes on a second round by specific causes.

The district re-tally procedure may be partial or total. Partial re-tally refer to the votes cast in a determined number of polling station under some theories provided by the law. The total re-tally comprises all votes cast in all polling station in a district, is applicable for elections of Deputies, Senators or President and operates by direct request when the difference between the winning candidate and the second place is equal to or less than one per cent.

New specialized Courtroom for Complaint Means

Due to the current electoral reform, the electoral jurisdiction suffer changes –less than the management authority-, the most representative is the faculty of solve as last instance of the administrative complaint mean at the Mexican electoral system, for that the Electoral court shall create within it a new specialize courtroom in charge of solve in less than 24 hours all complaint presented during electoral process by any electoral stakeholder.

The new unit is endowed as Regional Courtroom, with a collegiate body of three magistrates –newly appointed by the Senate for 9 years and fulfilled same requirements of regional magistrates21-. The venue of the courtroom is at Mexico City and will work in close coordination with the –also new created- Complaint Substantiation Unit of INE, under the following scheme;

1. At INE: a. File the complaint at INE b. INE must accept or reject the complaint (24 hours) c. Order and conduct the needed hearings (within the following 48 hours) d. Made an inform e. Send immediately the chart to the specialized courtroom 2. At Electoral Court: a. Once received by the specialized courtroom must verify its correct filed b. If consider necessary, order and conduct proof-hearings and settle the time to conduct them c. The magistrate in charge of will have 48 hours to submit a sentence project to the collegiate d. The collegiate will have 24 hours to approve it and dictate sentence e. Otherwise, will made observations for a new project.

21 With this first integration the magistrates were named for 3, 6 and 9 years in order to the following changes will be at a staggered basis. 42

SPECIALIZED PROSECUTOR FOR ELECTORAL CRIMES22

A specialized office, subordinated to the General Attorney of the Republic’s Office, created by Presidential Decree published on July 1994. A decree issued by the President under request by a General Accord23 of the General Council of INE asking to create a special prosecutor on electoral crimes at the necessity of file criminal conducts and to typify them as crimes.

As part of the current reform in Mexico, this office will not suffer any change; the difference will be at the law, electoral crimes prior were included at the Federal Criminal Law of the country, now the Congress has issued the General Law of Electoral Crimes.

Due to the recent reform on political affairs, the General Attorney Office will gets constitutional autonomy under the name of General Prosecutor Office, prior mentioned should happened after the declaratory of autonomy; therefore the structure of the State will change and shall transform itself as the following:

Constitutional Mexican United Autonomous States Federal Republic Organs of the State

Executive Branch Judicial Branch Presidient Legislative Branch Supreme Court of Justice National Electoral General Prosecutor of 17 cabinet members of the Nation the Republic Office Institute

Senate Chamber – Deputies Chamber- Federal Upper Chamber Lower Chamber Specialized Prosecutor for Electoral Court (128 senators) Electoral Crimes Office (500 deputies) (FEPADE)

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22 FEPADE by its acronym in Spanish. 23 General Accord published on the Federation Official Diary on March, 24, 1994. 43

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE

10. CURRENT ELECTORAL CONTEXT IN MEXICO

The past October 7th. the 2014-2015 Federal Electoral Process begun in Mexico. The forthcoming June 7th, the citizens will be electing 2,157 public posts. Among others, the posts in contend24 are the renewal of the lower chamber -Deputies Chamber (500 members)-; 9 governors; 1,139 local congressmen and 1,009 municipalities along the country.

This is the first electoral process guide by the National Electoral Institute after the political-electoral reform approved by February 2014 in the country with a transformed institute and with more of 70 new faculties given,

 The Constitution of the National Electoral Institute as superior authority of electoral administration bodies  Inclusion of a new core principle of the institute, “maximum publicity”  The General Council will appoint local General Councils  New laws: a new national law that will force to harmonize all local electoral laws to it; political parties’ general law; electoral criminal law; people’s consultancy  Faculty of INE, under local EMB request to manage the local electoral process  Addition of new nullity causes, applicable to federal and local fields  Change on federal elections’ date25, in consequence a month less to organize the process

On the direct operational faculties, regarding:

a. Oversight of financing resources of political parties INE is In charge of it at all level of candidates and campaigns, for this electoral process will review more than 76,000 expenditure and campaigns’ financial reports An implementation of a new e-system in where political parties must upload financing information to be revised by INE The possibility of -under requested of political parties- the Oversights Unit pay directly to vendors of services and goods during electoral campaigns instead of the political parties b. People’s Consultancy The citizen participation mechanism conducted for the first time in recent years; currently, five proposals on different topics of interest are submitted to INE in order to be approved and held on the same e-day. c. Single Polling Station Sharing costs with local EMBs of entities in where concurrence elections26 will hold the same and doing logistics to install them. d. Voting Abroad Registry abroad of citizens Implementation, at federal elections, of a mixed system of voting abroad: mail vote or electronic vote

24 See Annex 2 for the complete lists of public offices at federal or local level in contend. 25 Under the actual law, a federal election shall be celebrated on the first Sunday of July, under the reform it settle up a month earlier. 26 In Mexico, the sense of concurrence elections is holding elections the same day for local authorities than federal election. 44

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE [Seleccione CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE la fecha]

e. Administrative complaint means A new office of complaint means on behalf of INE in where legal staff will fulfill the chart of complaints filed by the actors of an electoral process, and sent it to the Electoral Court for resolution. A new specialized courtroom on administrative complaint mean within the Electoral Court (TEPJF), integrated by three newly appointed magistrates that shall submit in 48 hours a sentence project to be approve by the collegiate courtroom, responsible of dictate the sentence, in maximum 24 hours once the project be submitted.

Just to mention some of the novelties of the electoral process; besides, three new political parties got registry to run in the forthcoming e-day.

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE [Seleccione CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE la fecha]

Annex 1.- Detailed list of security measures on voting ID card

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE [Seleccione CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE la fecha]

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION AND JUSTICE FOR THE [Seleccione CENTRAL ELECTIONS COMMISSION OF PALESTINE la fecha]

Annex 2.

PUBLIC POSTS TO BE ELECTED IN JUNE 7TH. IN MEXICO

GOVERNORS DEPUTIES MUNICIPALITIES / TOTAL OF R.M.27 P.R. TOTAL TOWNSHIPS POSTS Federal - 300 200 500 - 500 Subtotal - 300 200 500 - 500

LOCAL DEPUTIES/ ASSEMBLY MUNICIPALITIES / TOTAL OF STATE GOVERNORS MEMBERS TOWNSHIPS POSTS R.M. P.R. TOTAL Baja California Sur 1 16 5 21 5 27 Campeche 1 21 14 35 11 47 Colima 1 16 9 25 10 36 Chiapas - 25 16 41 122 163 Distrito Federal - 40 26 66 16 82 Guanajuato - 22 14 36 46 82 Guerrero 1 28 18 46 81 128 Jalisco - 20 19 39 125 164 México - 45 30 75 125 200 Michoacán 1 24 16 40 113 154 Morelos - 18 12 30 33 63 Nuevo León 1 26 16 42 51 94 Querétaro 1 15 10 25 18 44 San Luís Potosí 1 15 10 25 58 84 Sonora 1 21 12 33 72 106 Tabasco - 21 14 35 17 52 Yucatán - 15 10 25 106 131

Subtotal 9 388 251 639 1,009 1,657

TOTAL 9 688 451 1,139 1,009 2,157

Source: Table elaborate by the Direction of International Cooperation and Liaisons, International Affairs Unit, INE. Back to index

27 Acronyms; R.M.= Simple Majority. P.R.= Proportional representation. 48