DOCSLIB.ORG

Choosing the Best Birch Much Loved for Their Graceful Appearance, Particularly in Winter, Betula Are Fine Garden Trees with an Appealing Range of Bark Colours

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Choosing the Best Birch Much Loved for Their Graceful Appearance, Particularly in Winter, Betula Are Fine Garden Trees with an Appealing Range of Bark Colours Birches Birch brings eye-catching bark colour and texture to winter gardens. Betula albosinensis ‘Bowling Green’ is one of many named selections. GAP PHOTOS / CAROLE DRAKE CAROLE / PHOTOS GAP CHOOSING THE BEST BIRCH Much loved for their graceful appearance, particularly in winter, Betula are fine garden trees with an appealing range of bark colours. Here are 12 good selections to consider Author: Hugh McAllister, leading authority on rowans and birches January 2014 | The Garden 57 Birches ew trees have as much winter impact as be multi-trunked) but, where there is space, they are also LENTICels birches – it is hard to think of any others with seen to advantage planted in groups of three or more so ON BIRChes Lenticels are Betula growing advice wintertide charms more impervious to cold the trunks diverge as they grow. This looks better than an markings on bark and wet. Their glorious bark, so often pristine ‘orchard-like’ planting of evenly spaced trees. made of porous ✤ Overview: birches are usually quick- other trees. As their usual grafting rootstock ✤ Maintenance: minimal; may benefit from white but also pink, copper, near-red or glossy cells that allow gases to pass growing, slender trees with decorative bark is shallow rooted, many herbaceous plants having their canopies lifted: see box, pp60–61. Fbrown, places them at the top of the pile, but most are Birches for the garden between layers of and appealing form, especially in winter. may struggle to do well below them, but ✤ Pests and diseases: older trees can be also of elegantly slender form. Birches are probably the The best known, and probably fastest growing, is Betula tissue. On birches spring bulbs and particularly cyclamen will ✤ Soil: not fussy – they grow in most soil susceptible to fungal attack; also birch rust thinnest-twigged, smallest-leaved of commonly grown pendula (silver birch) which occurs from the west of they appear as usually thrive. transverse types, acid or alkaline, and even tolerate and birch leaf mining sawfly may occasionally trees, giving lightness to their leafy crowns and delicacy Europe to eastern Asia and Japan. This is a short-lived tree, streaks, often in ground prone to occasional waterlogging. ✤ Water requirements: these trees like plenty cause problems. a contrasting to the tracery of their winter canopies. They are also its usefully attractive life probably in the range of 20–30 ✤ height to around 20m (66ft) by of water after planting but will withstand colour to the bark Size: ✤ Planting: birches do not transplant easily; beautiful in spring as their young leaves expand and the years in most areas; older trees develop corky trunks, shed some drought once established. and contributing 10m (33ft) across, but usually rather less. plant bare-root trees only when small. airy crowns are draped with catkins, while in autumn twigs and branches and can become infected by fungi. much to the ✤ Garden position: birches need plenty of ✤ Hardiness: most are exceptionally hardy to Pot-grown plants should establish easily as trees’ charm. most have golden yellow leaves. Most other species such as Betula utilis and B. ermanii light and are unsuitable for growing under H6 (-20°C / -4°F) or H7 (colder than -20°C / -4°F). long as they are well watered after planting. Birches are often grown as specimen trees (which can are slower growing and decorative in the garden for » RHS / TIM SANDALL TIM / RHS Betula pendula Betula utilis Betula utilis Betula ermanii Betula utilis Betula dahurica ‘Tristis’ ‘Bhutan Sienna’ var. jacquemontii ‘Grayswood Hill’ ‘Park Wood’ ✤ Mature size: H: 20m (66ft), S: 12m (40ft), usually less in UK cultivation. ✤ Mature size: height (H): 20m (66ft), ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). ‘Grayswood Ghost’ ✤ Foliage: rounded leaves to 7cm (3in) long, spread (S): 10m (33ft). ✤ Foliage: leaves up to 10cm (4in) long, ✤ Foliage: glossy, rich green leaves to 10cm ✤ Foliage: handsome, shiny leaves, ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). turning yellow in autumn. ✤ Foliage: leaves to 7cm (3in) long, blue-green glossy, dark green and deeply veined with (4in) long and wonderful, reliable golden yellow yellowish in autumn, to 10cm (4in) long. ✤ Foliage: large, glossy, rich green leaves to ✤ Bark: peels as small individual ‘curls’ with developing yellow tints in autumn. yellow autumnal tints. autumn leaf colours. ✤ Bark: attractive, smooth, peeling dark- 12cm (5in) long, often turning bright yellow a whitish outer surface, red-brown within. ✤ Bark: silvery-white and smooth to the base. ✤ Bark: bright red-brown, peeling freely. ✤ Bark: particularly beautiful: peeling creamy chocolate bark with contrasting large before falling. ✤ Habit and appeal: the ‘shaggy’ bark gives ✤ Habit and appeal: graceful, tall birch with ✤ Habit and appeal: fine birch with superb white, tinted orange with pinkish lenticels. whitish lenticels. ✤ Bark: among the whitest of all birches. a curious look, especially in winter sun. Deep weeping branches. Not for small gardens. bark and a lightly spreading crown. ✤ Habit and appeal: choice, strong-growing ✤ Habit and appeal: desirable tree forming ✤ Habit and appeal: a vigorous selection rooted and drought tolerant once established. ✤ Other comments: a good choice as a land- ✤ Other comments: collected by a Royal but slender tree, best in autumn and winter. a light canopy and has unusual bark colour. with dazzling white bark, best seen in winter. ✤ Other comments: introductions from Korea scape tree where there is space. Do not confuse Botanic Garden Edinburgh trip to Bhutan, ✤ Other comments: desirable tree with fine ✤ Other comments: probably derived from Leaf cover is quite dense in summer. and Japan do better in the UK than those of with lower-growing B. pendula ‘Youngii’, which where this reddish bark is a local charac- autumn tints and bark. Originating from a plant a collection by EH ‘Chinese’ Wilson in the ✤ Other comments: originates from a tree continental east-Asian origin. Cultivars ‘Maurice has a spreading rather than erect crown. teristic. Many Betula utilis are slower than of unknown origin at Grayswood Hill. Bark may early years of last century and grown at in the garden at Grayswood Hill, Haslemere, Foster’ and ‘Stone Farm’ were grown from Holds an RHS Award of Garden Merit (AGM). B. pendula and make smaller trees. take five years to colour well. Holds an AGM. Hergest Croft in Herefordshire. Surrey. Holds an AGM. Japanese seed by the late Kenneth Ashburner. 58 The Garden | January 2014 January 2014 | The Garden 59 Birches RHS / TIM SANDALL TIM / RHS Betula utilis Betula albosinensis Betula utilis Betula utilis Betula utilis Betula albosinensis ‘Forest Blush’ ‘China Rose’ ‘Nepalese Orange’ ‘Mount Luoji’ var. jacquemontii ‘Pink Champagne’ ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft) ✤ Mature size: H: 10m (33ft), S: 8m (26ft). ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). ‘Inverleith’ ✤ Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). ✤ Foliage: leaves are distinctively small and ✤ Foliage: rather delicate; oval and soft ✤ Foliage: glossy, rich green leaves to ✤ Foliage: glossy, rich green leaves to ✤ Foliage: delicate; oval and soft green to ✤ leathery to 10cm (4in) long. green to 7cm (3in) long. 12cm (5in) long. 12cm (5in) long. Mature size: H: 15m (50ft), S: 10m (33ft). 7cm (3in) long. ✤ ✤ Bark: beautiful and smooth, creamy, tinged ✤ Bark: attractive, coppery red and smooth ✤ Bark: copper coloured, peeling and marked ✤ Bark: rich coppery colour, peeling in scrolls Foliage: large, elliptic-ovate leaves to 12cm ✤ Bark: smooth, peeling and a beautiful with pink with well-marked lenticels. with little white bloom (powdery coating). attractively by lighter-coloured lenticels. with some bloom. (5in) create a dense canopy and have yellow pale pink colour, softened by a persistent ✤ Habit and appeal: ornamental selection of ✤ Habit and appeal: splendid, quick-growing ✤ Habit and appeal: attractive and unusual ✤ Habit and appeal: a good and choice autumn tints. Hairy young shoots. white bloom. ✤ slender stature and lightly spreading crown. red birch with lightly spreading crown. birch with a typical slender habit. ornamental tree featuring unusual rich bark Bark: smooth, striking creamy white. ✤ Habit and appeal: has paler bark than many ✤ ✤ Other comments: derived from George ✤ Other comments: a selected seedling from ✤ Other comments: a selection originally colour and producing slender growth. Habit and appeal: a popular, freely other so-called red birch, but a similarly slender Forrest’s collection number 19505, introduced seed sent by Chinese forestry authorities made by the late Kenneth Ashburner from ✤ Other comments: the original tree of this available selection. The bark begins to shape forming a lightly spreading crown. from Yunnan in southwest China in 1920 and from the province of Gansu, which gave rise a batch of seedlings he raised from seed fine selection is at Stone Lane Gardens in colour up well at smaller trunk diameters Quite a quick-growing tree. grown in the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. to trees with a variety of bark colours. collected by Len Beer, Roy Lancaster and Devon and was grown from seed collected than most other birches. ✤ Other comments: an appealing selection ✤ Forrest described the bark of the wild tree as Several have since been named and Dave Morris in east Nepal in 1971. Not a by Lord Howick from Mt Luoji in Sichuan Other comments: probably identical to raised from the same batch of seedlings B. utilis var. jacquemontii ‘Silver Shadow’ ‘red’; trees in cultivation are paler. Holds an AGM. propagated. Holds an AGM. good tree for cold or exposed regions. province, China. as ‘China Rose’. More from the RHS longer, but some cultivars have denser, ‘heavier’ leaf canopies. Many For the top five trees » for winter bark: www.rhs.org.uk/plants birches with attractive bark have prominent lenticels (see note, p58).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Global Survey of Ex Situ Betulaceae Collections Global Survey of Ex Situ Betulaceae Collections
    Global Survey of Ex situ Betulaceae Collections Global Survey of Ex situ Betulaceae Collections By Emily Beech, Kirsty Shaw and Meirion Jones June 2015 Recommended citation: Beech, E., Shaw, K., & Jones, M. 2015. Global Survey of Ex situ Betulaceae Collections. BGCI. Acknowledgements BGCI gratefully acknowledges the many botanic gardens around the world that have contributed data to this survey (a full list of contributing gardens is provided in Annex 2). BGCI would also like to acknowledge the assistance of the following organisations in the promotion of the survey and the collection of data, including the Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh, Yorkshire Arboretum, University of Liverpool Ness Botanic Gardens, and Stone Lane Gardens & Arboretum (U.K.), and the Morton Arboretum (U.S.A). We would also like to thank contributors to The Red List of Betulaceae, which was a precursor to this ex situ survey. BOTANIC GARDENS CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (BGCI) BGCI is a membership organization linking botanic gardens is over 100 countries in a shared commitment to biodiversity conservation, sustainable use and environmental education. BGCI aims to mobilize botanic gardens and work with partners to secure plant diversity for the well-being of people and the planet. BGCI provides the Secretariat for the IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. www.bgci.org FAUNA & FLORA INTERNATIONAL (FFI) FFI, founded in 1903 and the world’s oldest international conservation organization, acts to conserve threatened species and ecosystems worldwide, choosing solutions that are sustainable, based on sound science and take account of human needs. www.fauna-flora.org GLOBAL TREES CAMPAIGN (GTC) GTC is undertaken through a partnership between BGCI and FFI, working with a wide range of other organisations around the world, to save the world’s most threated trees and the habitats which they grow through the provision of information, delivery of conservation action and support for sustainable use.
    [Show full text]
  • Literaturverzeichnis
    Literaturverzeichnis Abaimov, A.P., 2010: Geographical Distribution and Ackerly, D.D., 2009: Evolution, origin and age of Genetics of Siberian Larch Species. In Osawa, A., line ages in the Californian and Mediterranean flo- Zyryanova, O.A., Matsuura, Y., Kajimoto, T. & ras. Journal of Biogeography 36, 1221–1233. Wein, R.W. (eds.), Permafrost Ecosystems. Sibe- Acocks, J.P.H., 1988: Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd rian Larch Forests. Ecological Studies 209, 41–58. Edition. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, Abbadie, L., Gignoux, J., Le Roux, X. & Lepage, M. 146 pp. (eds.), 2006: Lamto. Structure, Functioning, and Adam, P., 1990: Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge Uni- Dynamics of a Savanna Ecosystem. Ecological Stu- versity Press. Cambridge, 461 pp. dies 179, 415 pp. Adam, P., 1994: Australian Rainforests. Oxford Bio- Abbott, R.J. & Brochmann, C., 2003: History and geography Series No. 6 (Oxford University Press), evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric 308 pp. Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12, 299–313. Adam, P., 1994: Saltmarsh and mangrove. In Groves, Abbott, R.J. & Comes, H.P., 2004: Evolution in the R.H. (ed.), Australian Vegetation. 2nd Edition. Arctic: a phylogeographic analysis of the circu- Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, pp. marctic plant Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple Saxi- 395–435. frage). New Phytologist 161, 211–224. Adame, M.F., Neil, D., Wright, S.F. & Lovelock, C.E., Abbott, R.J., Chapman, H.M., Crawford, R.M.M. & 2010: Sedimentation within and among mangrove Forbes, D.G., 1995: Molecular diversity and deri- forests along a gradient of geomorphological set- vations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxi- tings.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigation of Spatial and Temporal Distribution Pattern of Major
    1 1 A taxonomically harmonized and temporally standardized fossil pollen dataset 2 from Siberia covering the last 40 ka 3 Xianyong Cao1*, Fang Tian1, Andrei Andreev1,2,, Patricia M. Anderson3, Anatoly V. Lozhkin4, 4 Elena Bezrukova5,6, Jian Ni7, Natalia Rudaya1,6,, Astrid Stobbe8, Mareike Wieczorek1, Ulrike 5 Herzschuh1,9,10 6 1 Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Research Unit Potsdam, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 7 Potsdam, Germany 8 2 Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technologies, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, 9 Russia 10 3 Earth and Space Sciences and Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98185, USA 11 4 North East Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 685000 12 Magadan, Russia 13 5 Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Favorskogo 1a, 14 664033 Irkutsk, Russia 15 6 Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akad. Lavrentieva 16 17, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia 17 7 College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, 321004 Jinhua, China 18 8 Goethe University, Norbert-Wollheim-Platz 1, Frankfurt am Main 60629, Germany 19 9 Institute of Environmental Sciences and Geography, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24, 14476 20 Potsdam, Germany 21 10 Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24, Potsdam 14476, 22 Germany 23 Correspondence: Ulrike Herzschuh ([email protected]) and Xianyong Cao ([email protected]; 24 [email protected]) 2 25 * Present address: Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth ciences, 26 Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China 27 Abstract 28 Pollen records from Siberia are mostly absent in global or Northern Hemisphere 29 synthesis works.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Catalogue of Eucosmini from China (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
    SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Zhang, A. H.; Li, H. H. Catalogue of Eucosmini from China (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 33, núm. 131, septiembre, 2005, pp. 265-298 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45513105 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 265 Catalogue of Eucosmini from 9/9/77 12:40 Página 265 SHILAP Revta. lepid., 33 (131), 2005: 265-298 SRLPEF ISSN:0300-5267 Catalogue of Eucosmini from China1 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) A. H. Zhang & H. H. Li Abstract A total of 231 valid species in 34 genera of Eucosmini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are included in this catalo- gue. One new synonym, Zeiraphera hohuanshana Kawabe, 1986 syn. n. = Zeiraphera thymelopa (Meyrick, 1936) is established. 28 species are firstly recorded for China. KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Eucosmini, Catalogue, new synonym, China. Catálogo de los Eucosmini de China (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Resumen Se incluyen en este Catálogo un total de 233 especies válidas en 34 géneros de Eucosmini (Lepidoptera: Tor- tricidae). Se establece una nueva sinonimia Zeiraphera hohuanshana Kawabe, 1986 syn. n. = Zeiraphera thymelopa (Meyrick, 1938). 28 especies se citan por primera vez para China. PALABRAS CLAVE: Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Eucosmini, catálogo, nueva sinonimia, China. Introduction Eucosmini is the second largest tribe of Olethreutinae in Tortricidae, with about 1000 named spe- cies in the world (HORAK, 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Geobotany Studies
    Geobotany Studies Basics, Methods and Case Studies Editor Franco Pedrotti University of Camerino Via Pontoni 5 62032 Camerino Italy Editorial Board: S. Bartha, Va´cra´tot, Hungary F. Bioret, University of Brest, France E. O. Box, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA A. Cˇ arni, Slovenian Academy of Sciences, Ljubljana (Slovenia) K. Fujiwara, Yokohama City University, Japan D. Gafta, “Babes-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca (Romania) J. Loidi, University of Bilbao, Spain L. Mucina, University of Perth, Australia S. Pignatti, Universita degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”, Italy R. Pott, University of Hannover, Germany A. Vela´squez, Centro de Investigacion en Scie´ncias Ambientales, Morelia, Mexico R. Venanzoni, University of Perugia, Italy For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10526 About the Series The series includes outstanding monographs and collections of papers on a given topic in the following fields: Phytogeography, Phytosociology, Plant Community Ecology, Biocoenology, Vegetation Science, Eco-informatics, Landscape Ecology, Vegetation Mapping, Plant Conservation Biology and Plant Diversity. Contributions are expected to reflect the latest theoretical and methodological developments or to present new applications at broad spatial or temporal scales that could reinforce our understanding of ecological processes acting at the phytocoenosis and landscape level. Case studies based on large data sets are also considered, provided that they support refinement of habitat classification, conservation of plant diversity, or
    [Show full text]
  • Untargeted Metabolomics Toward Systematic Characterization of Antioxidant Compounds in Betulaceae Family Plant Extracts
    H OH metabolites OH Article Untargeted Metabolomics Toward Systematic Characterization of Antioxidant Compounds in Betulaceae Family Plant Extracts 1, 1, 1 2 2 2 Sunmin Lee y, Dong-Gu Oh y, Digar Singh , Hye Jin Lee , Ga Ryun Kim , Sarah Lee , Jong Seok Lee 2 and Choong Hwan Lee 1,3,* 1 Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; [email protected] (S.L.); [email protected] (D.-G.O.); [email protected] (D.S.) 2 Department of Biological Resources Utilization, National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22755, Korea; [email protected] (H.J.L.); [email protected] (G.R.K.); [email protected] (S.L.); [email protected] (J.S.L.) 3 Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2-2049-6177 These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 29 August 2019; Accepted: 15 September 2019; Published: 16 September 2019 Abstract: Plant species have traditionally been revered for their unparalleled pharmacognostic applications. We outline a non-iterative multi-parallel metabolomic-cum-bioassay-guided methodology toward the functional characterization of ethanol extracts from the Betulaceae family plants (n = 10). We performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based multivariate analyses and bioassay-guided (ABTS antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effects against H2O2-induced cell damage) analyses of SPE fractions. A clearly distinct metabolomic pattern coupled with significantly higher bioactivities was observed for 40% methanol SPE eluate. Further, the 40% SPE eluate was subjected to preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) analysis, yielding 72 1 sub-fractions (1 min− ), with the highest antioxidant activities observed for the 15 min and 31 min sub-fractions.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora of a Cool Temperate Forest Around Restoration Center for Endangered Species, Yeongyang
    Original Article PNIE 2021;2(1):70-75 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.1.70 pISSN 2765-2203, eISSN 2765-2211 Flora of a Cool Temperate Forest Around Restoration Center for Endangered Species, Yeongyang Seongjun Kim , Chang-Woo Lee* , Hwan-Joon Park, Byoung-Doo Lee, Jung Eun Hwang, Jiae An, Hyung Bin Park, Ju Hyeong Baek, Pyoung Beom Kim, Nam Young Kim Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea ABSTRACT The present study aimed to clarify flora living at the area of Restoration Center for Endangered Species in Yeongyang, Gyeongbuk Province. In May, August, and September 2019 and in May and July 2020, all of vascular plants were recorded, and endangered, Korea endemic, and exotic plant species were further identified. The study site contained a total of 418 floral taxa (98 families, 261 genera, 384 species, 4 subspecies, 27 variations, and 3 formations), in which Magnoliophyta accounted for larger proportion (95.2%) than Pteridophyta (3.6%) and Pinophyta (1.2%). In addition, 1 endangered (Cypripedium macranthos Sw.) and 5 Korea endemic species (Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai, Eleutherococcus divaricatus var. chiisanensis [Nakai] C.H. Kim & B.-Y. Sun, Lonicera subsessilis Rehder, Paulownia coreana Uyeki, and Weigela subsessilis [Nakai] L.H. Bailey) were detected. The number of exotic species was 33, consisting of 4 invasive-exotic, 4 potentially invasive-exotic, and 25 non-invasive species. Compared to a previous assessment before the establishment of the center (in 2014), there were increases in total floral taxa (from 361 to 418), endangered species (from 0 to 1), and exotic species (from 26 to 33).
    [Show full text]
  • Article Is Part of the Special Issue of the USSR), Magadan, Russia, 26–51, 1989
    Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 119–135, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-119-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. A taxonomically harmonized and temporally standardized fossil pollen dataset from Siberia covering the last 40 kyr Xianyong Cao1,a, Fang Tian1, Andrei Andreev1,2, Patricia M. Anderson3, Anatoly V. Lozhkin4, Elena Bezrukova5,6, Jian Ni7, Natalia Rudaya1,6, Astrid Stobbe8, Mareike Wieczorek1, and Ulrike Herzschuh1,9,10 1Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Research Unit Potsdam, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany 2Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technologies, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia 3Earth and Space Sciences and Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98185, USA 4North-East Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 685000 Magadan, Russia 5Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Favorskogo 1a, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia 6Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akad. Lavrentieva 17, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia 7College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, 321004 Jinhua, China 8Goethe University, Norbert-Wollheim-Platz 1, 60629 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 9Institute of Environmental Sciences and Geography, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24, 14476 Potsdam, Germany 10Institute of Biochemistry
    [Show full text]
  • FOREST STRUCTURE and REGENERATION of Betula Utilis D
    FOREST STRUCTURE AND REGENERATION OF Betula utilis D. DON IN MANASLU CONSERVATION AREA, Nepal Hishila Sujakhu T.U. Registration Number: 5-2-408-247-2005 T.U. Examination Roll No: 6470 A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Science (Specialization Paper: Mountain Resource) Submitted to Department of Environmental Science, Khwopa College (Affiliated to Tribhuvan University), Dekocha-5, Bhaktapur, Nepal 2013 An undertaking of Bhaktapur Municipality Khwopa College Affiliated to Tribhuvan University ESTD.2001 DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work presented in the thesis has been done by myself, and has not been submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree. All sources of information have been specifically acknowledged by reference to the author(s) or institution(s). Signature Hishila Sujakhu Date: 2070/01/05 i ii iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was funded by National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) and Nepal Climate Change Knowledgement Management Center (NCCKMC). So, I owe gratitude towards them. I am gratefully indebted to Prof. Dr. Siddhi Bir Karmarcharya, Supervisor and Head of Research Committee of Department of Environmental Science, Khwopa College, for his guidance, support and valuable suggestion. I am also equally grateful to my Co-supervisor Mr. Kamal Raj Gosai, in-charge of Department of Khwopa College and mentor Ms. Karen Brock for their endless interest, untiring support, continuous encouragement, and worthy directions during thesis writing. I am grateful to the Laboratory of Soil Science Division, National Agriculture Research Council (NARC, Lalitpur) for soil analysis and to Manaslu Conservation Area Project (MCAP) for permission to work.
    [Show full text]
  • Diaporthalean Fungi Associated with Canker and Dieback of Trees from Mount Dongling in Beijing, China
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 59:Diaporthalean 67–94 (2019) fungi causing canker and dieback from Mount Dongling in China 67 doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.59.38055 RESEARCH ARTICLE MycoKeys http://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Diaporthalean fungi associated with canker and dieback of trees from Mount Dongling in Beijing, China Haiyan Zhu1, Meng Pan1, Guido Bonthond2, Chengming Tian1, Xinlei Fan1 1 The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China 2 GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany Corresponding author: Xinlei Fan ([email protected]) Academic editor: Kevin Hyde | Received 8 July 2019 | Accepted 23 September 2019 | Published 16 October 2019 Citation: Zhu H, Pan M, Bonthond G, Tian C, Fan X (2019) Diaporthalean fungi associated with canker and dieback of trees from Mount Dongling in Beijing, China. MycoKeys 59: 67–94. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.59.38055 Abstract Diaporthales is a fungal order comprising important plant pathogens, saprobes and endophytes on a wide range of woody hosts. It is often difficult to differentiate the pathogens in this order, since both the morphology and disease symptoms are similar among the various species. In the current study, we obtained 15 representa- tive diaporthalean isolates from six tree hosts belonging to plant families Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Juglandaceae, Rosaceae, and Ulmaceae from Mount Dongling in China. Six species were identified residing in four families of Diaporthales (Diaporthaceae, Erythrogloeaceae, Juglanconidaceae and Melanconidaceae). Based on mor- phological comparison and the phylogenetic analyses of partial ITS, LSU, cal, his3, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2 gene sequences, we identifiedfive known species (Diaporthe betulina, D.
    [Show full text]
  • Taimeselts Fagales Süstemaatika Ja Levik Maailmas
    Tartu Ülikool Loodus- ja tehnoloogiateaduskond Ökoloogia ja Maateaduste Instituut Botaanika osakond Hanna Hirve TAIMESELTS FAGALES SÜSTEMAATIKA JA LEVIK MAAILMAS Bakalaureusetöö Juhendaja: professor Urmas Kõljalg Tartu 2014 Sisukord Sisukord ............................................................................................................................ 2 Sissejuhatus ...................................................................................................................... 4 1. Taimeseltsist Fagales üldiselt ................................................................................... 5 2. Takson Betulaceae ................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Iseloomustus ja levik ......................................................................................... 7 2.2 Morfoloogilised tunnused .................................................................................. 8 2.3 Fülogenees ......................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Tähtsus ............................................................................................................... 9 3. Takson Casuarinaceae ............................................................................................ 10 3.1 Iseloomustus ja levik ....................................................................................... 10 3.2 Morfoloogilised tunnused ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wood Capacitance Is Related to Water Content, Wood Density, and Anatomy Across 30 2 Temperate Tree Species
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/772764; this version posted September 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 TITLE: Wood capacitance is related to water content, wood density, and anatomy across 30 2 temperate tree species 1 2 3 4 3 AUTHORS: Kasia Ziemińska *, Emily Rosa , Sean Gleason , and N. Michele Holbrook 4 1Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Boston, MA 02131, USA; 2Sonoma State 5 University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA; 3United States Department of Agriculture – 6 Agricultural Research Service, Water Management and Systems Research Unit, Fort Collins, 7 CO 80526, USA; 4Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 8 Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 9 *[email protected] 10 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/772764; this version posted September 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 11 SUMMARY 12 13 Water released from wood tissue during transpiration (capacitance) can meaningfully affect 14 daily water use and drought response. To provide context for better understanding of 15 capacitance mechanisms, we investigated links between capacitance and wood anatomy. 16 On twig wood of 30 temperate angiosperm tree species, we measured capacitance, water 17 content, wood density, and anatomical traits, i.e., vessel dimensions, tissue fractions, and 18 vessel-tissue contact fractions (fraction of vessel circumference in contact with other tissues).
    [Show full text]