DOCSLIB.ORG

IMPEDIMENTS in the PROMOTION of the RIGHT to GENDER EQUALITY in POST- APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA by NOMTHANDAZO PATIENCE NTLAMA Subm

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
IMPEDIMENTS in the PROMOTION of the RIGHT to GENDER EQUALITY in POST- APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA by NOMTHANDAZO PATIENCE NTLAMA Subm IMPEDIMENTS IN THE PROMOTION OF THE RIGHT TO GENDER EQUALITY IN POST- APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA by NOMTHANDAZO PATIENCE NTLAMA submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of: DOCTOR OF LAWS at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROF. A E A M THOMASHAUSEN JUNE 2010 Student number: 43205321 I declare that ‘IMPEDIMENTS IN THE PROMOTION OF THE RIGHT TO GENDER EQUALITY IN POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA’ is my own work and that all sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. SIGNATURE: MS NP NTLAMA Date: June 2010 i ABSTRACT The adoption of the 1996 Constitution in recognition of the historic imbalances that South Africa inherited from its past, affirms the commitment to the promotion of human rights including the right to equality. The emphasis on the right to equality in the Constitution and other related laws discussed in the study represents a guarantee for both men and women the right to equal treatment and benefit of the law. The point of departure is based on the premise that views the law as an instrument that has the potential to effect social change. The primary purpose is to determine various factors that are an impediment to the significance of the law for the promotion of the right to gender equality. The objective is to establish with sufficient certainty the substantive conception of the right to gender equality in post-apartheid South Africa. This dissertation examines and provides a brief overview of the development and the intersection of the principles of non-discrimination at the international and regional spheres and their influence in broadening the scope for enforcement of gender equality in South Africa. It provides a literature review and an analysis of the equality jurisprudence of South Africa’s Constitutional Court and its influence to the lowest structures of the judiciary in promoting the right to gender equality. This undertaking is reinforced by the primary purpose in this study of examining various factors that are an impediment to the promotion of the right to gender equality. It discovers that the establishment of a “just society” is difficult where the significance of the law is affected by the lack of legal knowledge and other related factors identified in the study. It establishes that the promotion of the right to gender equality is a gradual process that should not be undertaken overnight but on a continuous basis. It can be drawn from the findings in this study that the law “alone” is limited in its application in addressing socio-legal problems. Despite the limitation, the use of law is not a goal that should be discarded as it lays the framework for the determination of the significance of legal measures for social change. [355] ii Key terms: Constitution, international law, human rights, equality, gender equality, women, judiciary, courts, legislature, social change, non-discrimination, domestic violence. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to thank the Lord for the strength that He has given me throughout the period of writing this thesis, without which, I could not have succeeded, as the long walk was very lonely. I would also like to thank my supervisor, Professor Andre’ Thomashausen for incisive and insightful comments on the drafts and final production of this work and thanks are due for his patience as well. Many thanks are also due for the King Williams’ Town magistrates’ court, the Zwelitsha magistrates’ court, King William’s Town Child Welfare, Khanyisa Education and Wellness Centre, Masimanyane Women’s Support Centre, Members of the Ngxwalane Community and all the individual participants at the courts, who all contributed immensely to the production of this work. I hereby acknowledge the assistance of many teachers, colleagues, students and family members who have influenced me and resulted in the production of this work. To all my many friends and colleagues, especially Dayana Ndima and Freddy Mnyongani, who have been very supportive and being there for me when I needed help. Finally, I owe my career to my parents: Turuse and Nosanele Ntlama, my grandmother, Nohombile Dyakala and my elder sister, Tumeka Dyakala, all of whom have since passed away. They inspired and encouraged me to study law. Because of their efforts, I dedicate this work to my sister Babalwa Ntlama, my brother, Bongani Ntlama, my son Mzikabawo Ntlama and my aunts, uncles and cousins, all of whom have also contributed to the production of this work indirectly. To the people of my two villages: Qaga and Masele in King William’s Town: Eastern Cape, this production is for you too. iv ACRONYMS ACHPR African Charter on Human and People’s Rights AU African Union CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women CERD Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination CGE Commission for Gender Equality DVA Domestic Violence Act ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights OAU Organisation of African Union SAHRC South African Human Rights Commission SAJHR South African Journal on Human Rights SALJ South African Law Journal SLR Stellenbosch Law Review UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights v TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration (i) Abstract (ii) Acknowledgements (iii) List of acronyms (iv) Table of Contents (vi-xi) CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 The purpose of the research 6 1.3 The statement of the problem 14 1.3.1 Achieving gender equality: beset with problems 14 1.4 Factors inhibiting the promotion of the right to gender equality 18 1.4.1 Socio-cultural factors inhibiting the quest for equality 18 1.4.2 Lack of legal information 21 1.4.3 Lack of access to justice 23 1.4.4 Lack of resources to implement gender related laws 26 1.4.5 Gaps in law reform 29 1.5 Assumption underlying the study 32 1.6 The research design or methodology and the limitation of the study 34 vi 1.7 The sequence of chapters 40 CHAPTER TWO: THE EVOLUTION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUALITY AND NON- DISCRIMINATION IN INTERNATIONAL AND SOUTH AFRICAN HUMAN RIGHTS LAW 2.1 Introduction 42 2.2 The international human rights law and the evolution of the principles of non- discrimination 43 2.3 Sources of non-discrimination laws within the international framework 47 2.3.1 The international bill of rights and the basic principles of equality 53 2.4 The development of the agenda for the right to equality in Africa 62 2.5 The application of international norms of equality in the domestic sphere 69 2.6 The legislative evolution of the right to equality in South Africa 76 2.6.1 The essence of the right to equality in the South African Constitution 76 2.6.1.1 The Domestic Violence Act and the freeing of everyone from all forms of violence and discrimination 81 2.6.1.2 The Recognition of Customary Marriages Act and the balancing of customs or customary law within the framework of human rights for gender equality 84 2.6.1.3 The Maintenance Act and the advancement of the right to social security for gender equality 91 vii 2.6.1.4 The Promotion of Equality and the Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act and the express prohibition of unfair discrimination and inequalities 95 2.7 Legal reform and gender equality? 102 2.8 Summary 105 CHAPTER THREE: THE JUDICIARY: EQUALITY AND THE SUBSTANTIVE APPROACH FOR THE REALISATION OF GENDER EQUALITY 3.1 Introduction 106 3.2 The importance of international human rights in the development of the domestic principles of non-discrimination 113 3.2.1 Theoretical framework for the application of international human rights norms and standards in the domestic sphere 113 3.2.2 The strategic approaches for the use of international law in the development of the jurisprudence of the principles of non-discrimination at the domestic sphere 120 3.3 The jurisprudence of substantive equality for the promotion of the right to gender equality in South Africa 130 3.3.1 The development of the value-based approach to the interpretation of the right to gender equality 130 3.4 The “differentiation approach” for the promotion of the right to gender equality 144 3.5 Equality and the interpretation of legislation and other rights in the Constitution for the realisation of gender equality 156 viii 3.5.1 Equality and the right to freedom of security 156 3.5.2 Equality and the enforcement of maintenance claims 160 3.5.3 Equality and the promotion of socio-economic rights 164 3.5.4 Equality and human dignity for gender equality 169 3.6 The development of common law for the realisation of the right o gender equality 175 3.7 The intersection of customary law and the right to equality for the promotion of the right to gender equality 189 3.8 Equality and the implementation of court orders for the promotion of the right to gender equality 202 3.9 The “differentiation approach”: strategy for gender or women’s equality? 211 3.10 Summary 222 CHAPTER FOUR: GENDER EQUALITY: A DISTANT DREAM FOR SOCIAL CHANGE 4.1 Introduction 224 4.2 Public views and confidence on the role of the courts in the promotion of the right to gender equality 226 4.2.1 Public confidence and the courts? 226 4.2.2 The exercise of public power in the development of public confidence for gender equality 227 ix 4.2.3 Exerting the authority of the courts for public confidence: a question for gender equality? 232 4.3 The development of indigenous languages at the magistrates’ courts for the promotion of the right to gender equality 237 4.3.1 Protecting indigenous languages in the Constitution
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration
    12 NOVEMBER 2018 – DAY 21 COMMISSION OF INQUIRY INTO STATE CAPTURE HELD AT PARKTOWN, JOHANNESBURG 10 21 NOVEMBER 2018 DAY 21 20 Page 1 of 124 12 NOVEMBER 2018 – DAY 21 PROCEEDINGS HELD ON 12 NOVEMBER 2018 CHAIRPERSON: Good morning Mr Pretorius. Good morning everybody. ADV PAUL PRETORIUS SC: Morning Chair. CHAIRPERSON: Thank you. ADV PAUL PRETORIUS SC: Today Ms Barbara Hogan will be led by Advocate Mokoena. CHAIRPERSON: Thank you. Before, Mr Mokoena before you do that, I just want to attend to one matter that I want to deal with and basically it relates to the media statement that the Commission issued on Thursday. I want to read this media 10 statement again and make an appeal to the public and to the media to please respect the processes of the Commission and to abide by the law. The statement reads: “Since the commencement of the public hearings of the Commission in August 2018, various sections of the media have disseminated and published contents of witnesses statements submitted to the Commission in connection with the inquiry the Commission before witnesses give evidence before the Commission and without the written permission of the Chairperson. The latest incident relates to the statement submitted to the 20 Commission by Minister Pravin Gordhan, Minister of Public Enterprises. The same thing also happened with the statement submitted to the Commission by former minister of Public Enterprises, Ms Barbara Hogan. Both minister Gordhan and Ms Hogan are yet to give evidence before the Commission. An investigation is to be conducted
    [Show full text]
  • South Africa's Anti-Corruption Bodies
    Protecting the public or politically compromised? South Africa’s anti-corruption bodies Judith February The National Prosecuting Authority and the Public Protector were intended to operate in the interests of the law and good governance but have they, in fact, fulfilled this role? This report examines how the two institutions have operated in the country’s politically charged environment. With South Africa’s president given the authority to appoint key personnel, and with a political drive to do so, the two bodies have at times become embroiled in political intrigues and have been beholden to political interests. SOUTHERN AFRICA REPORT 31 | OCTOBER 2019 Key findings Historically, the National Prosecuting Authority The Public Protector’s office has fared (NPA) has had a tumultuous existence. somewhat better overall but its success The impulse to submit such an institution to ultimately depends on the calibre of the political control is strong. individual at its head. Its design – particularly the appointment Overall, the knock-on effect of process – makes this possible but might not in compromised political independence is itself have been a fatal flaw. that it is felt not only in the relationship between these institutions and outside Various presidents have seen the NPA and Public Protector as subordinate to forces, but within the institutions themselves and, as a result, have chosen themselves. leaders that they believe they could control to The Public Protector is currently the detriment of the institution. experiencing a crisis of public confidence. The selection of people with strong and This is because various courts, including visible political alignments made the danger of the Constitutional Court have found that politically inspired action almost inevitable.
    [Show full text]
  • Presentation of National Orders Osefako Makgatho Presidential Guesthouse R Pretoria Tuesday, 8 December 2015
    AWARD CEREMONY NATIONAL ORDERS National Orders 2015_inside_REV2.indd 1 2015/11/27 9:51 AM Order of Proceedings PRESENTATION OF NATIONAL ORDERS OSEFAKO MAKGATHO PRESIDENTIAL GUESTHOUSE R PRETORIA TUESDAY, 8 DECEMBER 2015 1. Nominees for the National Orders and guests take their seats 2. Arrival of the His Excellency President Jacob Zuma 3. Rendition of the South African National Anthem and the African Union Anthem 4. Word of welcome by the Programme Director 5. Ceremonial oration by the Grand Patron of National Orders 6. Investiture of the National Orders • THE ORDER OF MENDI FOR BRAVERY • THE ORDER OF IKHAMANGA • THE ORDER OF THE BAOBAB • THE ORDER OF LUTHULI • THE ORDER OF THE COMPANIONS OF OR TAMBO 7. The President, the Chancellor and recipients of National Orders proceed to the credentials room for a photo opportunity 8. The President, Chancellor and recipients of National Orders return to the Banquet hall for Luncheon Grand Patron of National Orders His Excellency President Jacob Zuma Chancellor of National Orders Dr Cassius Lubisi The Advisory Council on National Orders Ms Brigitte Mabandla; Mr Mandla Langa; Dr Glenda Gray; Dr Molefi Oliphant; Dr Lindiwe Mabuza; Prof Malegapuru Makgoba; Ms Mary Burton; Ms Sally Padayachie; Rev Buti Tlhagale; Mr James Motlatsi; Dr Fazel Randera and Ms Nothembi Mkhwebane. ii National Orders 2015_inside_REV2.indd 2 2015/11/27 9:51 AM Recipients THE ORDER OF MENDI FOR BRAVERY THE ORDER OF LUTHULI RBRONZE BRONZE 1. Jetro Ndlovu 18. Kay Moonsamy SILVER SILVER 2. Joseph Morolong (posthumous) 19. William Henry Frankel 3. Caleb Motshabi (posthumous) 20. Johnson Malcomess Mgabela 4.
    [Show full text]
  • I États Membres Member States
    I États membres Member States AFGHANISTAN Délégués / Delegates : S.Exc. Dr Assadullah Hanif Balkhi Ministre de l'Education nationale Chef de la délégation S.Exc. Dr Farida Momand Ministre de l'Enseignement supérieur S.Exc. Mme Delbar Nazari Ministre de la Condition féminine Mme Sayeda Mojgan Mostafavi Vice-ministre de la Culture et de l'Information, en charge des publications Mme Khadija Amiri Chargée d'Affaires a.i., Deuxième secrétaire Délégation permanente auprès de l'UNESCO Chef adjointe de la délégation Suppléants / Alternates : M. Mohammad Shakir Habibyar Secrétaire général a.i. Commission nationale pour l’UNESCO Mme Shahlla Arifi Chef de la séction de l'enseignement Ministère de la Condition féminine M. Khesraw Omid Farooq Conseiller Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur Mme Qudsia Afif Habib Troisième secrétaire Délégation permanente auprès de l'UNESCO M. Tamim Malek-Asghar Secrétaire du chef Délégation permanente auprès de l'UNESCO et de l'ISESCO Conseillers / Advisers : M. Aliullah Amiri Secrétaire du Ministre Ministère de l'Education nationale M. Mohammad Samim Safi Assistant de la Ministre Ministère de la Condition féminine M. Abdul Rahman Wardak Chargé d'affaires bilatérales en France Ambassade en France AFRIQUE DU SUD / SOUTH AFRICA Délégués / Delegates : H.E. Ms Angelina Motshekga Minister of Basic Education Head of Delegation Mr Mohamed Enver Surty Deputy Minister of Basic Education Deputy Head of Delegation H.E. Mr Rapulane Sidney Molekane Ambassador to France Ambassador, Permanent Delegate to UNESCO Ms Nthabiseng Malefane
    [Show full text]
  • Khasho April 2009
    News for NPA staff, friends and stakeholders April/May 2009 Professionalism, Integrity, Service Excellence, Accountability and Credibility 2 Letter from the Acting National Director NPA News 3 Celebrating the fourth Freedom Day Editorial democratic elections Together, celebrating our democracy and building a better life for all. Indeed, that is a clarion call for us as public The NPA is in the process of preparing servants to improve our service to the South performance reports to Parliament, n 27 April 2009, South Africans celebrated the anniversary of African public. according to the Treasury Regulations. OFreedom Day and the country’s first democratic elections that I am very encouraged by the quality of were held in 1994. Fifteen years later, following our fourth general I also take this opportunity to welcome our performance reports from business units and election, the country can be pleased about the achievements made new Minister of Justice and Constitutional by the improvement in many of the critical in entrenching democracy and creating a better life for all. South Development, Mr Jeff Radebe. From the focus areas. There is visible improvement Africa has come a long way to achieve a society based on equality, initial meetings I have had with him since in case backlogs, convictions in the lower he joined the Ministry, I am encouraged and high courts, case flow management and dignity and respect for human rights. On Freedom Day, government that he has a deep commitment to prosecutor attendance in court. Significant reaffirmed its commitment to consolidate democracy and create a South addressing the challenges that face us in inroads have been made to improve the Africa united in diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudáfrica República De Sudáfrica
    OFICINA DE INFORMACIÓN DIPLOMÁTICA FICHA PAÍS Sudáfrica República de Sudáfrica La Oficina de Información Diplomática del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación pone a disposición de los profesionales de los medios de comuni- cación y del público en general la presente ficha país. La información contenida en esta ficha país es pública y se ha extraído de diversos medios no oficiales. La presente ficha país no defiende posición política alguna ni de este Ministerio ni del Gobierno de España respecto del país sobre el que versa. SEPTIEMBRE 2013 swana, Sesotho, Sepedi, siSwati, Xitsonga, isiNdebele y Tshivenda. Los nueve Sudáfrica idiomas africanos se dividen en cuatro grupos: Nguni (isiXhosa, IsiZulu, siSwati y isiNdebele), Sotho (Sesotho norte, Sepedi y Setswana), Tsonga y Venda. El inglés desplaza cada vez más al afrikaans como lengua vehicular. Religión: Existe libertad de credo. Las Iglesias cristianas (casi un 80% de la población) con mayor implantación son la Iglesia Reformada Holandesa, la An- glicana, la Católica Romana, la Metodista, la Presbiteriana, e iglesias locales, BOTSUANA como la Iglesia de Sión. Se practica también el Judaísmo Ortodoxo y Reformado (1%), la religión musulmana (1,5%), el hinduismo (1,2%), etc. Moneda: La unidad monetaria es el Rand Cambio con el dólar (06/08/13): NAMIBIA Pretoria 9,8098 Rand/$ Cambio con el euro (06/08/13): 13,0343 Rand/€ SUAZILANDIA Forma de Estado: República. División Administrativa: Estado descentralizado, formado por un Gobierno central y nueve Provincias. El Gobierno central está encabezado por el Presi- dente de la República que es a la vez Jefe del Gobierno. La Constitución vi- Bloemfontein LESOTO gente data de 1996 y entró en vigor en 1997.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Report
    No Healing Here Violence, Discrimination and Barriers to Health for Migrants in South Africa Copyright © 2009 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-579-2 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org December 2009 1-56432-579-2 No Healing Here Violence, Discrimination and Barriers to Health for Migrants in South Africa Map of South Africa ............................................................................................................ 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 2 Abuses Leading to Health Vulnerability .......................................................................... 6 Violence
    [Show full text]
  • The Youth Book. a Directory of South African Youth Organisations, Service Providers and Resource Material
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 432 485 SO 029 682 AUTHOR Barnard, David, Ed. TITLE The Youth Book. A Directory of South African Youth Organisations, Service Providers and Resource Material. INSTITUTION Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria (South Africa). ISBN ISBN-0-7969-1824-4 PUB DATE 1997-04-00 NOTE 455p. AVAILABLE FROM Programme for Development Research, Human Sciences Research Council, P 0 Box 32410, 2017 Braamfontein, South Africa; Tel: 011-482-6150; Fax: 011-482-4739. PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Directories/Catalogs (132) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC19 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Developing Nations; Educational Resources; Foreign Countries; Schools; Service Learning; *Youth; *Youth Agencies; *Youth Programs IDENTIFIERS Service Providers; *South Africa; Youth Service ABSTRACT With the goal of enhancing cooperation and interaction among youth, youth organizations, and other service providers to the youth sector, this directory aims to give youth, as well as people and organizations involved and interested in youth-related issues, a comprehensive source of information on South African youth organizations and related relevant issues. The directory is divided into three main parts. The first part, which is the background, is introductory comments by President Nelson Mandela and other officials. The second part consists of three directory sections, namely South African youth and children's organizations, South African educational institutions, including technical training colleges, technikons and universities, and South African and international youth organizations. The section on South African youth and children's organizations, the largest section, consists of 44 sectoral chapters, with each organization listed in a sectoral chapter representing its primary activity focus. Each organization is at the same time also cross-referenced with other relevant sectoral chapters, indicated by keywords at the bottom of an entry.
    [Show full text]
  • ANC NATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017 SPECIAL EDITION Zuma
    AFRICA’S BEST READ SPECIAL EDITIONDecember 17 2017 @mailandguardian mg.co.za ANC NATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017 Zuma: It’s not me, it’s YOU Page 3 PHOTO: DELWYN VERASAMY 2 Mail & Guardian Special Edition December 17 2017 ANC National Conference #SLICEOFLIFE Last time I was in Soweto I was shot They took my car by the church in Rockville in 1995. In the morning, I was doing a feeding scheme for the poor and, when I fi nished, I went to the car. I put the key in the door, and the hijackers came. They didn’t even ask for the key. They just shot. Two bullets lodged in my body. One still remains in my spinal cord. I became crippled until, by the grace of God, I was healed. I’m a Salvationist. You see the church does not go with this politics. I was ordained in 1986 when I was called by God to serve the poor souls and to win souls for Christ. The Salvation Army didn’t want us in the ANC, so we joined the underground. As ministers, we conducted funeral services for our cadres who had been killed by police. We protected them. At the church kwaLanga, the soldiers didn’t want our members gathering, but I used to hide them. I sat there with the Bible on the table while they met. When the soldiers came in, I would stand and act as if I’m preaching. Then they would go. I’m disappointed in things now. Some of us didn’t manage to be delegates.
    [Show full text]
  • Part 3: Programme Performance
    PART 3: PROGRAMME PERFORMANCE 58 Annual Report 2003/04 Department of Foreign Affairs, South Africa Department of Foreign Affairs, South Africa Annual Report 2003/04 59 PART 3: Programme Performance To be appropriated by Vote R 2 243 555 000 Statutory appropriations - Responsible Minister Minister of Foreign Affairs : Dr Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma Administering Department Department of Foreign Affairs Accounting Offi cer Director-General: Dr A Ntsaluba AIM OF THE VOTE The Department of Foreign Affairs is respon- Programme 2: Foreign Relations Programme 3: Public Diplomacy sible for the formulation, co-ordination, im- Purpose: Promote relations with foreign and Protocol plementation and management of South countries, and participate in international Purpose: Promote an understanding, both Africa’s foreign policy and international re- organisations and institutions, in pursuit of domestically and internationally, of South lations programmes throughout the world. South Africa’s national values and foreign Africa’s role and position in international policy objectives. relations, and provide protocol services. KEY PROGRAMMES AND OBJECTIVES Measurable objective: To promote South Measurable objective: To project a positive Africa’s foreign policy internationally and image of South Africa by marketing the Programme 1: Administration within multilateral institutions, through dip- Department’s programmes and providing Purpose: Conduct the overall policy devel- lomatic interventions to strengthen foreign protocol services. opment and management of the Depart- relations. ment. 58 Annual Report 2003/04 Department of Foreign Affairs, South Africa Department of Foreign Affairs, South Africa Annual Report 2003/04 59 Programme 4: Foreign Properties - building the economy and creating of action for its practical implementation Purpose: Provide secure, economical hous- jobs; and is the host to the NEPAD secretariat.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudáfrica República De Sudáfrica
    OFICINA DE INFORMACIÓN DIPLOMÁTICA FICHA PAÍS Sudáfrica República de Sudáfrica La Oficina de Información Diplomática del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación pone a disposición de los profesionales de los medios de comuni- cación y del público en general la presente ficha país. La informacion contenida en esta ficha país es pública y se ha extraído de diversos medios no oficiales. La presente ficha país no defiende posición política alguna ni de este Ministerio ni del Gobierno de España respecto del país sobre el que versa. OCTUBRE 2012 swana, Sesotho, Sepedi, siSwati, Xitsonga, isiNdebele y Tshivenda. Los nueve Sudáfrica idiomas africanos se dividen en cuatro grupos: Nguni (isiXhosa, IsiZulu, siSwati y isiNdebele), Sotho (Sesotho norte, Sepedi y Setswana), Tsonga y Venda. El inglés desplaza cada vez más al afrikaans como lengua vehicular. Religión: Existe libertad de credo. Las Iglesias cristianas (casi un 80% de la población) con mayor implantación son la Iglesia Reformada Holandesa, la An- glicana, la Católica Romana, la Metodista, la Presbiteriana, e iglesias locales, BOTSUANA como la Iglesia de Sión. Se practica también el Judaísmo Ortodoxo y Reformado (1%), la religión musulmana (1,5%), el hinduismo (1,2%), etc. Moneda: La unidad monetaria es el Rand Cambio con el dólar (01/02/12): NAMIBIA Pretoria 7,7925 Rand/$ Cambio con el euro (01/02/12): 10,1871 Rand/€ SUAZILANDIA Forma de Estado: República. División Administrativa: Estado descentralizado, formado por un Gobierno central y nueve Provincias. El Gobierno central está encabezado por el Presi- dente de la República que es a la vez Jefe del Gobierno. La Constitución vi- Bloemfontein LESOTO gente data de 1996 y entró en vigor en 1997.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Cohesion Report
    1 WORKING TOGETHER TO CREATE A CARING AND PROUD SOCIETY WORKING TOGETHER TO CREATE A CARING AND PROUD SOCIETY A NATIONAL SOCIAL COHESION SUMMIT REPORT WALTER SISULU SQUARE OF DEDICATION KLIPTOWN SOWETO 4 - 5 JULY 2012 WALTER SISULU SQUARE OF DEDICATION, KLIPTOWN SOWETO, 4 - 5 JULY 2012 2 Foreword by the Ministry of Arts and Culture A National Social Cohesion Summit, convened by the Department of Arts and Culture on behalf of Government, took place on the 4th and 5th of July 2012. The venue was the Walter Sisulu Square of Dedication in Kliptown, Soweto, where the historic Freedom Charter was adopted. A total of 2300 delegates, representing the diversity of our people, participated in the Summit and subscribed to a declaration renewing their commitment to building an inclusive and cohesive society. This Summit was another step on our road to building a unified nation of people with diverse origins, histories, languages, cultures and religions. We committed ourselves to convening social-cohesion and nation- building summits at provincial, local and community level within the next twelve months. National Government will work with the provinces and municipalities to ensure that this happens in preparation for a second national summit in 2014, coinciding with the 20th Anniversary of Freedom and Democracy. This report, which summarises the proceedings of the Summit and serves as a reference document for our future work, captures the concerns and the commitments made and these will be processed as we implement the decisions of the Summit. Paul Mashatile Minister of Arts and Culture On behalf of Government, Dr Joe Phaahla, the Deputy Minister, and I would like to thank you for your contribution towards building an inclusive, non-racial and democratic society over the past 18 years.
    [Show full text]