Cane Koteski Slivot Na Crna Reka-Geografsko Kartografsko

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Cane Koteski Slivot Na Crna Reka-Geografsko Kartografsko 0 CANE KOTESKI SLIVOT NA CRNA REKA-GEOGRAFSKO KARTOGRAFSKO MODELIRAWE, DIFERENCIJACIJA I FUNKCIONALEN RAZVOJ NA ODDELNITE REGIONALNI CELINI 1 D-r. CANE KOTESKI _____________________________________________________________________________________ D-r. CANE KOTESKI BLACK RIVER (CRNA REKA) BASIN-GEOGRAPHICAL MAP MODEL,DIFFERENTIONATION AND FUNCTUNAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL REGIONAL KOMPLEH Со љубов на: родителите Петре и Најденка, и сопругата Марија 2 Д-р. ЦАНЕ КОТЕСКИ SLIVOT NA CRNA REKA-GEOGRAFSKO KARTOGRAFSKO MODELIRAWE, DIFERENCIJACIJA I FUNKCIONALEN RAZVOJ NA ODDELNITE REGIONALNI CELINI ПРИЛЕП, 2011 3 Рецензенти: Д-р. Благоја Маркоски Д-р. Никола В. Димитров Лектор: Проф. Д-р Блажо Китанов Дизајн: М-р Влатко Ѓорѓиоски Компјутерска обработка: М-р Влатко Ѓорѓиоски Печати: 2-ри Август -Штип CIP – Каталогизација во публикација Национална и универзитетска библиотека “Св.Климент Охридски“, Скопје КОТЕСКИ, Цане Слив на Црна река- географско картографско моделирање, диференцијација и функционален развој на одделните регионални целини / Цане Котески, - Скопје: 2012, стр. : илустр. ; 21 см Фусноти кон текстот. – Библиографија: стр. ISBN:978-608-4662-03-7 COBISS.MK-ID 91218954 4 Copiright © 2012 Доц.д-р. Цане Котески Сите права ги задржува авторот. Не е дозволено репродуцирање, копирање, фотографирање, електронско копирање или било која друга форма на преземање на ниту еден дел од оваа книга, според Законот за заштита на афторските права, без писмена согласност од авторот. 5 SODR@INA PRV DEL GEOGRAFSKO KARTOGRAFSKO MODELIRAWE Str. I. VOVEDNI ZABELE[KI ………………………………………………………………………..12 1.Cel na prou~uvawe…………………………………………………………………… 12 1.1.Kartografski izrazuva~ki sredstva …………………………………………… 12 1.2.Metodi na prou~uvawe …………………………………………………………… 14 II . GEOGRAFSKA POLO@BA NA SLIVOT NA CRNA REKA VO REPUBLIKA MAKEDONIJA I REPUBLIKA GRCIJA …………………………17 III .FIZI^KO GEOGRAFSKI KARAKTERISTIKI NA SLIVOT NA CRNA REKA ..20 1. Geolo{ka gradba i tektonika na Slivot na Crna Reka …………………….20 2. Reljefna struktura na slivot na Crna Reka ……………………………………28 2.1.Paleoreljef………………………………………………………………………....28 a) Abraziven reljef………………………………………………………………..28 b) Paleo vulkanski reljef………………………………………………………..29 2.2.Strukturen reljef………………………………………………………………....29 2.2.1. Planini…………………………………………………………………………..29 2.2.2 Kotlini…………………………………………………………………………...32 2.3. Denudacionen reljef………………………………………………… …………35 2.4. Fluvijalen reljef………………………………………………………………...35 2.5. Karsten reljef………………………………………………………………….…36 2.6.Glacijalen reljef………………………………………………………………….37 3. Klima vo Slivot na Crna Reka……………………………………………………..41 3.1.Temperaturi na vozduhot…………………………………………………………43 3.2.Vrne`i……………………………………………………………………………….46 3.3. Magla i obla~nost………………………………………………………………..55 3.4.Relativna vla`nost na vozduhot………………………………………………..57 3.5. Vetrovi……………………………………………………………………………...58 4. Hidrografija na slivot na Crna Reka ……………………………………………61 4.1.Podzemni vodi…………………………………………………………………….. ..62 4.2.Izvori i vrutoci...………………………………………………………………....66 4.3.Mineralni i termomineralni izvori…………………………………… …..73 4.4.Reki…………………………………………………………………………………...78 4.5.Ezera………………………………………………………………………………….90 4.6.Hidrolo{ki reoni vo ramkite na slivot na Crna Reka…….…………….100 5. Biogeografski karakteristiki na slivot na Crna Reka ………………… .. 102 5.1.Rastitelen svet…………………………………………………………………….104 5.1.1.[umi………………………………………………………………………………104 5.1.2. Pasi{ta………………………………………………………………………….110 5.1.3.Golini…………… ……………………………………………….........................110 5.2. @ivotinski svet……………………………………………………………….. 111 6. Pedolo{ki sostav na slivot na Crna Reka ……………………………………..113 6 6.1.Faktori za sozdavawe na po~vite……………………………………………...113 6.2.Tipovi na po~vi…………………………………………………………………..113 7. Rudni bogatstva na slivot na Crna Reka ……………………………………….117 7.1.Kaustobioliti…………………………………………………………………….117 7.2.Metalni surovini………………………………………………………………..119 7.3.Nemetali…………………………………………………………………………...120 7.4.Grade`en i ukrasen material…………………………………………………..122 8. Prirodni regioni na slivot na Crna Reka …………………………………….128 IV. SOCIO – GEOGRAFSKI KARAKTERISTIKI NA SLIVOT NA CRNA REKA .133 1.Naselenie…………………………………………………………………………….133 1.1.1.Demografska struktura………………………………………………………. 133 1.1.2.Brojno dvi`ewe na naselenieto…………………………………………… 133 1.1.3.Naselenie po pol………………………………………………………………...135 1.1.4.Starosna struktura na naselenieto………………………………………… 139 1.1.5.Prirodno dvi`ewe na naselenieto…………………………………………..140 1.1.6.Doma}instva i broj na ~lenovite vo doma}instvata……………………...144 1.1.7.Naselenie po pismenost i {kolska podgotovka…………………………..146 1.1.8.Naselenie po narodnost………………………………………………………..148 1.1.9.Naselenie po aktivnost i struktura na aktivnoto naselenie po dejnosti…..............................................................................................................148 1.1.10.Gustina na naselenosta………………………………………………………..154 2. Migracioni dvi`ewa na naselenieto ……………………………………………155 2.1.Vnatre{ni migracii (doseleno i otseleno naselenie)……………………. 156 2.2.Lica na privremena rabota vo zemjata i vo stranstvo……………………..158 3. Op{tinski centri i naselbi vo slivot na Crna Reka……………………….. 159 3.1.Op{tinski centri i nivnata funkcija………………………………………159 3.2. Prikaz na oddale~enosta na selkite naselbi po op{tini od centraln- ite naselbi vo slivot na Crna Reka……….…………………………………..160 3.3.Gradski naselbi i funkcionalni odliki……………………………… ……169 3.4.Dinamika na dvi`eweto na gradskoto naselenie …………………………...169 4. Selski naselbi i dinamika na selskoto naselenie vo slivot na C. Reka ... 171 4.1. Broj i promeni vo goleminata na selata po naselbi i op{tini vo Slivo na Crna Reka………………………………………………………………182 4. 2. Visinska razmestenost na selskite naselbi po op{tini vo slivot na Crna Reka………………………………………………………………………188 4. 3. Prikaz na goleminata na povr{inite, apsolutna i agrarna gustina na naselenosta po naseleni mesta i op{tini vo 2002 godina vo slivot na Crna Reka………………………………………………………………………192 4. 4. Institucionalnata infrastruktura na selskite naselbi po op{tini vo slivot na Crna Reka……………………………………………...200 V. EKONOMSKO – GEOGRAFSKI ODLIKI NA SLIVOT NA CRNA REKA …….… …212 1. Zemjodelstvo …………………………………………………………………………...214 1.1.Struktura na zemji{niot fond…………………………………………………214 1.2.Prikaz na goleminata na zemjodelskite povr{ini na selata po naselbi i op{tini vo slivot na Crna Reka…………………………………..216 2. Struktura na poljodelskite kulturi i nivna zastapenost vo slivot na Crna Reka ………………………………………………………………………………221 2.1.@itni kulturi…………………………………………………………………….221 2.2.Industriski rastenija…………………………………………………………...223 7 2.2.1. Fura`ni rastenija……………………………………………………………..225 2.3.Gradinarski kulturi…………………………………………………………….229 2.3.1.Me|uposevi, potposevi i dopolnitelni posevi…………………………..232 2.4.Ovo{tarstvo i lozarstvo……………………………………………………….234 2.4.1.Snabduvawe so voda za stopan., potrebi i navodnuvawe na povr{ini.239 3. Sto~arstvo i Struktura na sto~niot fond na slivot na Crna Reka ……….242 4. [umarstvo i struktura na {umskite povr{ini na slivot na Crna Reka ...245 4.1. Prikaz na vlijanieto na goleminata na zemji{teto po vidovi za funkcionalna klasifikacija na selskite naselbi po op{tini vo slivot na Crna Reka…………………………………………………………..250 5. Lov i ribolov na slivot na Crna Reka ……………………………………………259 5.1.Lov i lovni povr{ini za krupen i siten dive~……………………………..259 5.2.Ribolov, ribolovni vodni objekti i vidovi na ribi vo slivot na C.Reka………………………………………………………………………………...260 6. Regionalno Geografska razmestenost na industrijata ……………………...263 6.1.Crna metalurgija…………………………………………………………………..265 6.2.Oboena metalurgija………………………………………………………………..266 6.3.Industrija na nemetali i grade`ni materijali…………………………….266 6.4.Metalska,metalo prerabotuva~ka,ma{inska i elektro industrija…… .271 6.4.1.Metalska industrija…………………………………………………………….271 6.4.2.Metalo prerabotuva~ka industrija…………………………………………..271 6.4.3.Ma{inska industrija…………………………………………………………...272 6.4.4.Elektro industrija……………………………………………………………....274 6.5.Hemiska industrija………………………………………………………………..275 6.6.Industrija za drvo i za dobivawe na hartija…………………………..……. 276 6.7.Tekstilna industrija……………………………………………………………..277 6.8.Industrija za ko`a gumi i obuvki……………………………………………...279 6.9.Prehranbena industrija…………………………………………………………..280 6.10.Tutunska industrija……………………………………………………………...285 6.11.Grafi~ka industrija……………………………………………………………..286 7. Soobra}aj vo slivot na Crna Reka …………………………………………………287 7.1.Paten soobra}aj……………………………………………………………………..287 7.2.@elezni~ki soobra}aj……………………………………………………………..292 7.3.Avionski soobra}aj………………………………………………………………...295 7.4.PTT soobra}aj…………………………………………………………………….....295 7.5.Prikaz na oddale~enosta na selata od glavnite pati{ta vo slivot na Crna Reka po naselbi i op{tini…………………………………………...........298 8. Turizam na slivot na Crna Reka …………………………………………………...307 8.1.Prirodni Faktori………………………………………………………………....307 8.2.Op{testveni faktori…………………………………………………………….308 REGIONALNO GEOGRAFSKA DIFERENCIJACIJA I FUNKCIONALEN RAZVOJ NA SLIVOT NA CRNA REKA a) Teritorijalna organizacija na slivot na Crna Reka ………………………………… …...315 b) Statisti~ki regionalni prostorni celini na slivot na Crna Reka………………… …315 v) Etnografski regionalni prostorni celini na slivot na Crna Reka………………… …315 g) Ekonomsko- Funkcionalni regionalni prostorni celini vo slivot na Crna Reka… ..315 d) Turisti~ki regionalni prostorni celini vo slivot na CrnaReka……………………… 319 8 |) Geo tektonski regionalni prostorni celini vo slivot na Crna Reka……………………321 e) Planinski regionalni prostorni celini vo slivot na Crna Reka…………………… …321 `) Kotlinski regionalni prostorni celini
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