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Time Regained Anka Muhlstein

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Time Regained Anka Muhlstein Time Regained Anka Muhlstein Almost Nothing: style gives the impression of a perpetual The 20th-Century Art and Life grazing and brushing; his touch, as flex- of Józef Czapski ible and fluttering as a flickering flame, by Eric Karpeles. is able to explore everything without New York Review Books, breaking or twisting a thing,” he wrote. 492 pp., $19.95 (paper) Another essential discovery was Goya, during a trip to Spain. “The shock of Inhuman Land: my life,” as he put it, came when he re- Searching for the Truth alized that the same artist could paint in Soviet Russia, 1941–1942 both classical portraits, with a perfect by Józef Czapski, control of detail, and wild scenes of war translated from the Polish and madness. This possibility of not by Antonia Lloyd-Jones and with having to choose between two styles an introduction by Timothy Snyder. came as a revelation: New York Review Books, 447 pp., $19.95 Speaking of myself, I was long tor- mented by a duality of approach— Lost Time: Weronika Orkisz/Michael Popiel de Boisgelin/Piotr de Ligier Orkisz/Michael Popiel Weronika analytical on the one hand, rational, Lectures on Proust in growing from the Dutch tradition a Soviet Prison Camp and to a certain extent from the by Józef Czapski, translated from pointillists, and on the other hand, the French and with an introduction the mad, the unpredictable—the by Eric Karpeles. true leap into the abyss. In this I New York Review Books, saw a lack of integrated personality, 90 pp., $15.95 (paper) a kind of psychic dividedness that I tried to overcome artificially, with- Eric Karpeles, a painter and an impas- out success. With time I noticed sioned reader of Proust—he is the au- the same phenomenon in a painter thor of Paintings in Proust: A Visual whose stature was not only equal to Companion to In Search of Lost Time that of Matisse but who was one of (2008)—had never even heard of Józef the very greatest—Goya. Czapski until a friend sent him a slim volume in French, Proust contre la dé- chéance, which he has now translated Upon his return to Warsaw in 1932, under the title Lost Time. It consists Czapski painted, wrote, and exhibited, of five lectures on Proust that Czapski notably in 1939 at the New York World’s delivered in 1940–1941, during his cap- Fair, but war broke out on September 1 tivity in a Soviet prison camp. Karpeles of that year. Poland was attacked by read it in a single sitting and became both Germany and the USSR. Czapski obsessed with its author. was mobilized and on September 27 Who was this man capable of bring- was taken prisoner by the Soviets, along ing Proust to life, in those appalling with 15,000 other Polish officers. They conditions, without a book to refer to, Józef Czapski: Self-Portrait with Lightbulb, 1958. were split up and sent to three camps: for an audience of some forty Polish An exhibition of his illustrated diaries is on view at the National Museum’s Starobielsk, in Ukraine (where Czapski officers suffering from utmost depri- Józef Czapski Pavilion, Kraków, until December 9, 2018. ended up), Ostashkov, and Kozelsk. In vation? Capable of setting forth the the spring of 1940, Czapski and 394 of literary background of Proust’s mas- Pages, an academy that trained sons He adapted so quickly that in 1923 he his comrades were transferred to Grya- terpiece, summing up its over arching of the nobility and senior officials. A established the Paris Committee with a zovets, 250 miles north of Moscow. themes, and even quoting lengthy month later the February Revolution group of friends who were determined All the other prisoners were sent to an passages almost word for word from broke out, and his life henceforth fol- to explore Paris, its museums, and its unknown location. He described his memory to illustrate a fascinating con- lowed a vertiginous course that ended galleries. The following year, they set off captivity in Memories of Starobielsk, a vergence of Proust, Tolstoy, and Dos- in 1993, when he died in France at the for a stay that was supposed to last six testament to his will to preserve some toevsky? Driven by curiosity, Karpeles age of ninety-six. weeks but stretched out to seven years. semblance of an intellectual life: discovered other texts by Czapski and In May 1918, just months before the The support of Misia Sert, a society some contemporaneous accounts of end of World War I, Czapski was in figure of Polish descent whom Czapski Intellectual effort, when conducted him. Frustrated by their inadequacy, Warsaw. Poland, which had been parti- contacted through mutual friends, was without books or notes, gives an he set out to do his own research. It tioned for more than a century among crucial. She knew everyone in the arts entirely different sensation than took him more than five years to write the Austro- Hungarian, Prussian, and in Paris and was infected by the enthu- when carried out under normal Almost Nothing: The 20th-Century Art Russian empires, emerged from the war siasm of these young artists who lived conditions. One’s involuntary and Life of Józef Czapski, a remark- an independent state, but beginning in from hand to mouth. When Czapski memory acts much more forcefully, ably vivid portrait, notable for the clar- February 1919 tensions with Russia de- first turned to her for help, Karpeles the memory of which Proust speaks ity with which it places a life unusual generated into a brutal conflict. Instead writes, “she said, ‘Very well, come here and which he considered to be the for its breadth and complexity in its of studying to be a painter, as he had tomorrow, we’ll take Picasso to lunch.’ sole source of literary creation. larger historical setting. wished to do, Czapski volunteered im- The next day they all went to the Meu- After a certain amount of time, Czapski’s tormented life, ravaged by mediately for military service. His cour- rice. It was decided a fund-raising event things surface in our conscious- wars and revolutions, traversed nearly age in combat earned him the Polish was in order and after lunch Picasso ness, details we hadn’t the slightest the entire twentieth century. He was Order of the Virtuti Militari, the coun- agreed to be its patron.” For Czapski, idea were even “stored” anywhere born in Prague in 1896, into one of try’s highest military decoration, which those seven years were marked by his in our brain. What is more, those those European aristocratic families he received at the same time as a French discovery of Bonnard’s Paradis har- memories that come from our sub- whose branches are so intertwined officer, Charles de Gaulle, who had been monieux and Matisse’s explosion of conscious are more deeply rooted, that it is impossible to assign them a sent to Poland as an observer and with color, the excitement of his own first more intimately bound up one with specific nationality. A Polish father, an whom he had become friends. Poland shows, which gained him the encour- another, more personal. Austrian mother, and Russian, Baltic, defeated Russia in 1921, but its indepen- agement of Dufy, Vuillard, Rouault, Czech, and German cousins were his dence would last barely twenty years. and even Bonnard himself, as well as That was the origin of Czapski’s lec- closest relatives. He spent his child- Demobilized and determined to de- his first sales of paintings (including tures on Proust. Czapski also dictated hood with his brother and five sisters vote his life to painting, Czapski en- one to Gertrude Stein). the texts to two fellow prisoners and on the family estate of Przyłuki in Be- rolled at the Kraków Academy of Fine It was at this time that Proust’s last kept the transcripts, thanks to which larus, then part of the Russian Empire, Arts. As he later wrote, “I entered the volumes were published posthumously. this astonishing example of his spiritual until he was sent at around the age of world of my new friends, an intellectual From then on, Czapski never stopped strength and capacity to adapt to the thirteen to continue his studies in Saint atmosphere marked by a carefree assur- reading and rereading Proust, and he worst conditions has been preserved. Petersburg. In January 1917, he en- ance, a winning optimism, and a sen- published an enthusiastic essay about A year later, on June 22, 1941, ev- rolled in Tsar Nicholas II’s Corps des sual joie de vivre totally alien to me.” him in a Polish magazine. “Proust’s erything was upended. “To this day,” 24 The New York Review Muhlstein_24_29.indd 24 11/20/18 3:10 PM Czapski wrote, “I can still hear ring- impossible. He was forty-nine years old, immense influence and high circulation, You can’t examine such a rich, var- ing in my ears the wild cry of exuber- and he had to start his life over. For the and Czapski would contribute to its ied, and turbulent life without identify- ant enthusiasm thrown out by a scruffy next forty-eight years he lived in Mai- pages for the rest of his life. But he was ing a guiding thread running through colonel bending his whole upper body sons-Laffitte, on the outskirts of Paris, in a hurry to become a painter again. it. If Karpeles was attracted first of from the window: ‘Hitler attacked Rus- in a house that he shared with the rest of sia!’” A new phase of the war began.
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