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The International Journal of the Sociology of Language DOCUMENT RESUME ED 431 310 FL 025 625 AUTHOR Khubchandani, L. M. TITLE Language Ideology and Language Development. PUB DATE 1997-00-00 NOTE 23p.; Reprinted with permission in "The International Journal of the Sociology of Language", vol. 13, 1997, pages 33-51. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Discussion Forum of the Indian Institute of Advanced Study (Simla, India, April 1974). PUB TYPE Journal Articles (080)-- Reports Descriptive (141) -- Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) JOURNAL CIT Grammer, Language and Society; p282-303 1997 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Colonialism; Diachronic Linguistics; Educational History; *Educational Policy; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Indigenous Populations; Language Maintenance; Language Minorities; *Language of Instruction; *Language Role; Multilingualism; Public Policy; Uncommonly Taught Languages IDENTIFIERS Asia (South); *India ABSTRACT An examination of the language-related educational policies of South Asia, and particularly of India, finds that language policies among colonial administrators and the native elite for over a century has left a deep imprint on contemporary language ideologies of different nations. The discussion begins with a look at the Indian dual education system before the consolidation of British rule on the subcontinent at the beginning of the nineteenth century, with instruction given in Sanskrit and Arabic-Persian. The rival British educational system later eclipsed the traditional systems, and as it evolved, it effectively ignored all mediums of instruction except English. The struggle for Indian independence brought with it substantial conflict over the British education system, and the issue of language of instruction became politicized. Patterns of native language use and language policy in India and other South Asian areas are described, and the problems facing many multilingual developing nations as a result of current language usage and strategies are discussed briefly. Contains 47 references. (MSE) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Language Ideology and Language Development 283 tlEDUCATIONAL ThisOfficeoriginatingreceived document of Educational from it.CENTER RESOURCES thehas Researchperson been (ERIC) reproducedor and INFORMATION organization Improvement as PERMISSIONDISSEMINATEBEEN TO GRANTEDTHIS REPRODUCE MATERIAL BY ANDHAS Theshakinglanguage great the debateeducation traditional about on languagefluid the part modes ofpolicies Britishof language among rulers colonialloyalty played in administratorsa Southvital role Asia. in 0 MinordocumentimprovePoints changes of reproduction view do not orhave opinionsnecessarily been quality. statedmade represent into this KhubehI\DalrfionTO THE EDUCATIONAL opcian RESOURCES continentcontemporaryand the 'native' (Das Guptalanguage elite 1970; for ideologiesover Khubchandani a century of different 1971,has left 1973c). nations a deep onimprint the sub- on official OERI position or policy. 1 INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ministrativeLanguage11: in and Educationformal educational communication Systemsystems prevailing Before gets conditioned inthe a society. 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