Search Results for > Language > Sena. http://greenstone.ilam.ru.ac.za/ (accessed March 25, 2019, in July 29, 2019, no longer available). The same audio tracks and corresponding, though differently structured, sets of metadata are partly traceable by title here: https://samap.ukzn.ac.za/audio-collection/ilam (accessed April 2, 2020). Analytical annotations marked in yellow color by Klaus-Peter Brenner.

Inde, naponga vube

Title: Inde, naponga vube Artist: Weleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Weleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Topical song ; Bangwe board zither Description: For further details refer to ILAM field card: DA18 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1950-00-00 Genre: Sub-Saharan African music Format: 00:02:34 ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 ; Sound Forge V.8 ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt drive turntable ; Technics SP-10 MK II direct drive turmtable ; 78RPM shellac record Identifier: TP2760-XYZ6292 Source: Shellac record number: TP2760 ; Master number : XYZ6292 ; Recording number: 6292 ; ILAM number: 11614 ; ILAM number: 9514 Language: Sena Relation: TP2760 Coverage: ; Southern ; Donna Anna district ; valley

Harmonic sequence related to Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (as in “Shumba”)

Form number: 12 x 6 = 72 EP

Wolemwa

Title: Wolemwa Artist: Weleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Weleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Bangwe board zither Description: For further details refer to ILAM shellac record: TP2761 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1950-00-00 Genre: Sub-Saharan African music Format: 00:02:54 ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 ; Sound Forge V.8 ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt drive turntable ; Technics SP-10 MK II direct drive turmtable ; 78RPM shellac record Identifier: TP2761-XYZ6291 Source: Shellac record number: TP2761 ; Master number : XYZ6291 ; Recording number: 6291 ; ILAM number: 11616 ; ILAM number: 9516 Language: Sena

1/23

Relation: TP2761 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Donna Anna district

Non-Shona harmonic sequence

Form number 8 x 8 = 64 EP

Chemele mama

Title: Chemele mama Artist: Neleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Neleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Bangwe ; Board zither Description: Bangwe board zither ; English translation of title: 'Crying for mothers' ; For further details refer to ILAM field card: DA14 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1950-00-00 Genre: Sub-Saharan African music Format: 00:02:35 ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 ; Sound Forge V.8 ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt drive turntable ; Technics SP-10 MK II direct drive turntable ; 78RPM shellac record Identifier: TP2762-XYZ6290 Source: Shellac record number: TP2762 ; Master number : XYZ6290 ; Recording number: 6290 ; ILAM number: 11615 ; ILAM number: 9515 Language: Sena Relation: TP2762 Coverage: ; Portuguese East Africa

Error: same recording as TP1277-XYZ4739, but different title and metadata

Non-Shona 8-step harmonic sequence

Form number: 16 x 6 = 96 EP

Nyamagodagoda

Title: Nyamagodagoda Artist: Simoni Zambezi Chirumba (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Folk music ; Midzimu ; Mbira ; Nsansi Mbira Description: Midzimu music with Mbira. Further details refer ILAM field card number: C5S-9 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1949-09-21 Genre: East African music ; Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:32 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1082-XYZT4391a Source: Shellac record number: TP1082 ; Master number: XYZT4391a ; ILAM number 9427 ; ILAM number 7915 ; Library number: 1485 ; Recording number: 4391 ; Research number: C5S-9 ; Tape number: 137 Language: Sena ; Tonga Relation: TP1082 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

2/23

Chemele mame

Title: Chemele mame Artist: Neleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Neleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Folk music ; Bangwe zither Description: English translation of title: 'Crying for mothers' ; Traditional song accompanied by Bangwe zither ; For further details refer to ILAM field card: DA14 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1950-00-00 Genre: Sub-Saharan African music Format: 00:02:41 ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 ; Sound Forge V.8 ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt drive turntable ; Technics SP-10 MK II direct drive turntable ; 78RPM shellac record Identifier: TP2774-XYZ6288 Source: Shellac record number: TP2774 ; Master number : XYZ6288 ; Recording number: 6288 ; ILAM number: 11589 ; ILAM number: 9489 Language: Sena Relation: TP2774 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Same recording and same metadata as TP1319-XYZ4749

Affinity with Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (as in “Kuzanga”)

Form number: Probably 12 x 3 = 36

Lukuba

Title: Lukuba Artist: Simoni Zambezi Chirumba (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Folk music ; Midzimu ; Nsansi Mbira Description: Midzimu music with Mbira. Further details refer ILAM field card number: C5S-9 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1949-09-21 Genre: East African music ; Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:32 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1080-XYZT4391b Source: Shellac record number: TP1082 ; Master number: XYZT4391b ; ILAM number 9427 ; ILAM number 7915 ; Library number: 1485 ; Recording number: 4391 ; Research number: C5S-9 ; Tape number: 137 Language: Sena ; Tonga Relation: TP1082 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 16 x 4 = 64 EP

Nkhondo yacituwe

Title: Nkhondo yacituwe Artist: Soldiers of Batalhao Indigena (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Dance song ; Kuba ; Unaccompanied Description: Kuba dance song. Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1231 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor:

3/23

Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: East African music ; Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:34 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1231-XYZT4531 Source: Shellac record number: TP1231 ; Master number: XYZT4531 ; ILAM number: 9928 ; ILAM number: 8414 Language: Sena Relation: TP1231 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Call and mostly homophonic response

No relation to Shona harmonic sequences

Form number: 48 EP

Wampeleka yekha Bayako

Title: Wampeleka yekha Bayako Artist: Simbi Wereka Malaki (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Entertainment song ; Timbila ; Marimba ; Xylophone Description: Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1237 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: East African music ; Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:28 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1237-XYZT4538 Source: Shellac record number: TP1237 ; Master number: XYZT4538 ; ILAM number: 9921 ; ILAM number: 8407 Language: Sena ; Chikunda Relation: TP1237 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Xylophone with Female homophony

Shona 6-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 36 EP

Jailosi

Title: Jailosi Artist: Simoni Zambezi Chirumba (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Folk music ; Dance song ; Njole ; Nsansi ; Mbira Description: Nlole dance music with Nsansi mbira. Further details refer ILAM field card number: C5S-7 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Two Sena women (Performer) Date: 1949-09-21 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:28 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1081-XYZT4390 Source: Shellac record number: TP1081 ; Master number: XYZT4390 ; ILAM number: 9426 ; ILAM number: 7914 ; Library number: 1484 ; Recording number: 4390 ; Research number: C5S-7 ; Tape number: 127 Language: Tonga ; Sena

4/23

Relation: TP1081 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Harmonic sequence unclear, but recognizably Shona-related

Form number: 48 EP

Wolemwa

Title: Wolemwa Artist: Weleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Weleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Bangwe board zither Description: For further details refer to ILAM shellac record: TP2761 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1950-00-00 Genre: Sub-Saharan African music Format: 00:02:54 ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 ; Sound Forge V.8 ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt drive turntable ; Technics SP-10 MK II direct drive turmtable ; 78RPM shellac record Identifier: TP2761-XYZ6291 Source: Shellac record number: TP2761 ; Master number : XYZ6291 ; Recording number: 6291 ; ILAM number: 11616 ; ILAM number: 9516 Language: Sena Relation: TP2761 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Donna Anna district

Cf. the other two sets of metadata of this title

Kambembe chidiwo

Title: Kambembe chidiwo Artist: Soldiers (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Wedding song ; Unaccompanied Description: Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1209 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:17 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1209-XYZT4524 Source: Shellac record number: TP1209 ; Master number: XYZT4524 ; ILAM number: 9881 ; ILAM number: 8367 Language: Sena Relation: TP1209 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Call and homophonic response

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 8 x 9 = 72 EP

Ndaneka keronga neka

Title: Ndaneka keronga neka Artist: Sena people (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Dance song ; Chikunzile ; Clapping

5/23

Description: Chikunzile dance song. Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1229 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena people (Performer) Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:29 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1229-XYZT4529 Source: Shellac record number: TP1229 ; Master number: XYZT4529 ; ILAM number: 9879 ; ILAM number: 8365 Language: Sena ; Chikunda Relation: TP1229 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Female multi-part polyphony with yodel

No clear relation to Shona harmonic sequences

Form number: 8 x 4 = 32, superimposed by 8 x 3 = 24

Title not specified

Title: Title not specified Artist: Sena people (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Dance song ; Chikunzile ; Clapping Description: Chikunzile dance song. Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1229 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena people (Performer) Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:00:00 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1229-XYZT4529a Source: Shellac record number: TP1229 ; Master number: XYZT4529a ; ILAM number: 9879 ; ILAM number: 8365 Language: Sena ; Chikunda Relation: TP1229 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Female/male multi-part polyphony with yodel

No clearly recognizable relation to Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence, but possibly traces of it in the middle voices

Form number: unclear

Udamwano dale anga

Title: Udamwano dale anga Artist: Soldiers (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous language ; Dance song ; Kuba ; Unaccompanied Description: Kuba dance song. Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1230 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena people (Performer) Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:21 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8

6/23

Identifier: TP1230-XYZT4530 Source: Shellac record number: TP1230 ; Master number: XYZT4530 ; ILAM number: 9878 ; ILAM number: 8364 Language: Sena Relation: TP1230 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Call and homophonic response

Harmonic sequence related to Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (as in “Shumba”)

Form number: 12 x 3 = 36 EP

Ndalowa ine eya

Title: Ndalowa ine eya Artist: Sino Kopolo (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Dance song ; Likuba ; Kayembe Description: Likuba dance song with Kayembe. Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1238 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena people (Performer) Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:28 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1238-XYZT4539a Source: Shellac record number: TP1238 ; Master number: XYZT4539a ; ILAM number: 9920 ; ILAM number: 8406 Language: Sena ; Chikunda Relation: TP1238 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Male solo singing with yodel

Harmonic implication, partly blurred by yodel: Shona 6-step standard harmonic sequence

A helehele nande

Title: A helehele nande Artist: Sino Kopolo (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Dance song ; Likuba ; Kayembe Description: Likuba dance song with Kayembe. Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1238 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena people (Performer) Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:28 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1238-XYZT4539b Source: Shellac record number: TP1238 ; Master number: XYZT4539b ; ILAM number: 9920 ; ILAM number: 8406 Language: Sena ; Chikunda Relation: TP1238 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Male 2-part vocal polyphony

Heptatonic

7/23

Ambiguous 6- or 8-step harmonic sequence on the fifths-dyads [: 3 (1) 4 7 , 2 (7) 3 1 :] with the second half = first half shifted down by one step (not conforming to the Shona 6-step standard sequence, but rather remotely related to the Chigolingo example in Kubik and Malamusi 1989: Track B2)

Form number: 16 EP

Wolemwa

Title: Wolemwa Artist: Weleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Weleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Bangwe ; Zither ; Board zither Description: Further details refer ILAM field card number: DA-17 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1950-04-29 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:34 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1277-XYZ4739 Source: Shellac record number: TP1277 ; Master number: XYZ4739 ; ILAM number: 11567 ; ILAM number: 9460 ; Catalogue number: GB 1231 T ; Recording number: 4739 ; Recording number: 4740 ; Recording number: XYZ 6291 ; Research number: DA-17 Language: Sena Relation: TP1277 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Error: same recording as TP2762-XYZ6290, but different title and metadata

Non-Shona 8-step harmonic sequence

Form number: 16 x 6 = 96 EP

Walya mwana wamphondolo

Title: Walya mwana wamphondolo Artist: Sena people (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Story ; Unaccompanied Description: Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1239 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena people (Performer) Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:29 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1239-XYZT4540a Source: Shellac record number: TP1239 ; Master number: XYZT4540a ; ILAM number: 9919 ; ILAM number: 8405 Language: Sena ; Chikunda Relation: TP1239 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Call with yodel and mostly homophonic response, both female

No relation to Shona harmonic sequences

Form number: 12 x 3 = 36 EP

8/23

Chemele mama

Title: Chemele mama Artist: Weleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Weleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Bangwe ; Board zither ; Zither Description: Song with eleven note Bangwe board zither. Translated English title - "Crying for mothers." Further details refer ILAM field card number: DA-14 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1950-04-29 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:41 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1319-XYZ4749 Source: Shellac record number: TP1319 ; Master number: XYZ4749 ; Recording number: 4749 ; Recording number: 6288 ; Tape number: D2 ; ILAM number: 11565 ; ILAM number: 9464 ; Research number: DA-14 Language: Sena Relation: TP1319 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Same recording and same metadata as TP2774-XYZ6288

Affinity with Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (as in “Kuzanga”)

Probably 12 x 3 = 36

Inde, naponga vube

Title: Inde, naponga vube Artist: Weleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Weleka Lumbe (Composer) Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Bangwe ; Board zither ; Zither Description: Song with eleven note Bangwe board zither. Further details refer ILAM field card number: DA-18 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1950-04-29 Genre: Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:34 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1324-XYZ4741 Source: Shellac record number: TP1324 ; Master number: XYZ4741 ; ILAM number: 11564 ; ILAM number: 9462 ; Library number: 3206 ; Recording number: 4741 ; Recording number: 6292 ; Research number: DA-18 ; Tape number: D3 ; Catalogue number: GB 1231 T Language: Sena Relation: TP1324 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Affinity with Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (as in “Shumba”)

Form number: 24 x 3 = 72 EP

Karota Kudya ngururu

Title: Karota Kudya ngururu Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Folk music ; Indigenous music ; Humorous ; Bangwe

9/23

Description: Further details refer ILAM field card no. E2C-12. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1951-06-06 Genre: Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:42 ; Sound Forge v. 8 ; Technics SP-10MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8. Identifier: TP2302-XYZ5798 Source: Shellac record number: TP2302 ; Master number: XYZ5798 ; ILAM number: 13528 ; ILAM number: 10346 ; Research number: E2C-12 ; Tape number: E20 ; Catalogue number:DC 268, H ; Library 2162 Language: Sena Relation: TP2302 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; South Rhodesia ; Bulawayo

Harmonically static, no relation to Shona harmonic sequences

Form number: 4 x 9 = 36 EP

Mama ino

Title: Mama ino Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) Keywords: Folk music ; Indigenous music ; Humorous ; Bangwe, on board zither with ten strings ; Petrol thin resonator Description: Translated English title: "Mama I am worried". Further details refer ILAM field card no. E2C-11. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1951-06-06 Genre: Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:48 ; Sound Forge v. 8 ; Technics SP-10MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8. Identifier: TP2303-XYZ5797 Source: Shellac record number: TP2303 ; Master number: XYZ5797 ; ILAM number: 13529 ; ILAM number: 10345 ; Research number: E2C-11 ; Tape number: E20 ; Catalogue number:DC 235 ; Library 2151 Language: Sena Relation: TP2303 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; South Rhodesia ; Bulawayo

No relation to Shona harmonic sequences

Form number: probably 8 x 8 = 64 EP

Wacherera Mabasa

Title: Wacherera Mabasa Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Folk music ; Indigenous music ; Humorous ; Petrol thin resonator Description: Further details refer ILAM field card no. E2C-10. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1951-06-06 Genre: Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:40 ; Sound Forge v. 8 ; Technics SP-10MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8. Identifier: TP2304-XYZ5796 Source: Shellac record number: TP2304 ; Master number: XYZ5796 ; ILAM number: 13530 ; ILAM number: 10344 ; Research number: E2C-10 ; Tape number: E20 ; Catalogue number:DC 234. H ; Library 2151 Language: Sena

10/23

Relation: TP2304 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; South Rhodesia ; Bulawayo

Shona 12-step harmonic sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Tisare nama bwada

Title: Tisare nama bwada Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Folk music ; Indigenous music ; Humorous ; Bangwe, on board zither with ten strings ; Petrol thin resonator Description: Further details refer ILAM field card no. E2C-9. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Date: 1951-06-06 Genre: Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:03:10 ; Sound Forge v. 8 ; Technics SP-10MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8. Identifier: TP2305-XYZ5795 Source: Shellac record number: TP2305 ; Master number: XYZ5795 ; ILAM number: 13531 ; ILAM number: 10343 ; Tape number: E20 ; Library 2150 Language: Sena Relation: TP2305 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; South Rhodesia ; Bulawayo

Male mahon’era-style singing

Affinity to Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (or possibly ‘derivative 1’?)

Form number: 16 x 3 = 48

Nonyonyema

Title: Nonyonyema Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Humorous song ; Bangwe board zither ; Resonator Description: Further details refer ILAM field card number: E2B 22 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1951-06-05 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:51 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP2313-XYZ5786 Source: Shellac record number: TP2313 ; Master number: XYZ5786 ; Recording number: 5786 ; Research number: E2B 22 ; Tape number: E 18 X ; ILAM number: 13539 ; ILAM number: 10336 Language: Sena Relation: TP2313 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Non-Shona harmonic sequence

Form number: probably 16 x 6 = 96 EP

11/23

Garika uchaziwona

Title: Garika uchaziwona Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Humorous song ; Bangwe board zither ; Resonator Description: Further details refer ILAM field card number: E2B 21 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1951-06-05 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:47 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP2314-XYZ5785 Source: Shellac record number: TP2314 ; Master number: XYZ5785 ; Recording number: 5785 ; Research number: E2B 21 ; Tape number: E 18 X ; ILAM number: 13541 ; ILAM number: 10278 Language: Sena Relation: TP2314 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 16 x 3 = 48 EP

Beautiful rendition!

Mutanamilo

Title: Mutanamilo Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) Keywords: Song ; Humour ; Bangwe board zither ; Petrol tin resonator ; Ten strings ; Male singing ; Child ; Snake Description: Song about a child who is admonished for straying and being bitten by a snake. Refer ILAM field card number E2C13 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) Date: 1951:06:06 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 78RPM Shellac record ; 00:02:44 ; Sound Forge V8 ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 ; Technics SP-10 MKII direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt-drive turntable Identifier: TP2321-XYZ5799 Source: Shellac record number TP2321 ; Master number XYZ5799 ; ILAM research number 13527 ; Research number E2C13 ; Tape number E20X Language: Sena Relation: TP2321 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Portuguese East Africa ; Southern Rhodesia

Non-Shona harmonic sequence

Form number: 16 x 3 = 48 EP

Jamari no

Title: Jamari no Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) Keywords: Song ; Topical ; Traditional ; Bangwe board zither ; Ten strings ; Petrol tin resonator ; Folk Description: Topical song accompanied by Bangwe board zither. Refer ILAM field card numer E2C26 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Meriki Fumbe (Performer)

12/23

Date: 1951:06:06 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 78RPM Shellac record ; 00:02:44 ; Sound Forge V8 ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 ; Technics SP-10 MKII direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt-drive turntable Identifier: TP2324-XYZ5860 Source: Shellac record number TP2324 ; Master number XYZ5860 ; ILAM research number 13744 ; Research number E2C26 ; Tape number E22 Language: Sena Relation: TP2324 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia

Ambiguous 6- or 8-step harmonic sequence with the second half = first half shifted down by one step (not conforming to the Shona 6-step standard sequence, but rather remotely related to the Chigolingo example in Kubik and Malamusi 1989: Track B2)

Form number: 8 x 6 = 48 EP, or 8 x 4 = 32 EP

Kwira mota tiendema

Title: Kwira mota tiendema Artist: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) Keywords: Song ; Topical ; Bangwe board zither ; Ten strings ; Petrol tin resonator ; Automobile ; Car Description: Song telling someone to get into the car. Refer ILAM field card number E2C25 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Meriki Fumbe (Performer) Date: 1951:06:06 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 78RPM Shellac record ; 00:02:42 ; Sound Forge V8 ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 ; Technics SP-10 MKII direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt-drive turntable Identifier: TP2325-XYZ5859 Source: Shellac record number TP2325 ; Master number XYZ5859 ; ILAM research number 13546 ; Research number E2C25 ; Tape number E22X Language: Sena Relation: TP2325 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia

Affinity with Shona 6-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 8 x 4 = 32 EP

Musengu

Title: Musengu Artist: Murira (Performer) Keywords: Mondoro song for ancestral rites Description: Further details refer to ILAM field card number: M3E-19. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Madzikunika, Muzengedza and Madero Date: 1958-00-00 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 7" Reel ; Recorded at 15 IPS ; 00:03:06 ; Sound Forge V. 6 ; Studer B67 Recorder ; Nagra III Identifier: TR085-01 Source: Sound of Africa Series Number: TR-85 (A1) ; Research Number: M3E-19 ; Number: TR085-01 Language: Sena Relation: TR085 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Mtoko

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H. Tracey: Catalogue 1973: II: 175

3 Matebe dza Mondoro + drum + male polyphonic singing with yodel

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Beginning at 1’34”: Murumbi drum solo temporarily derived from the 12-pulse time-line pattern ( x x . x . x x . x . x . ) by playing its strokes in two contrasting timbres on drum corpus and drum head.

Full Track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GoLCdzNAY_M

Nyamulosa chimbo cha Gotosa

Title: Nyamulosa chimbo cha Gotosa Artist: M. Murira (Performer) Keywords: Mondoro song for ancestral rites Description: Further details refer to ILAM field card number: M3E-18. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Madzikunika, Muzengedza and Madero Date: 1958-00-00 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 7" Reel ; Recorded at 15 IPS ; 00:03:06 ; Sound Forge V. 6 ; Studer B67 Recorder ; Nagra III Identifier: TR085-02 Source: Sound of Africa Series Number: TR-85 (A2) ; Research Number: M3E-18 ; Number: TR085-02 Language: Sena Relation: TR085 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Mtoko

H. Tracey: Catalogue 1973: II: 175

3 Matebe dza Mondoro (+ drum + singing)

Shona 12-step harmonic standard (?) sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Beginning at 1’06”: Murumbi drum solo temporarily derived from the two cyclical permutations of the 12-pulse time-line pattern, namely ( x x . x . x x . x . x . ) and ( x . x . x x . x . x x . ), by playing their strokes in two contrasting timbres on drum corpus and drum head.

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6B_g4eBrXFo

Wamwira mangarangara

Title: Wamwira mangarangara Artist: Composer not specified Keywords: Gororambe dance ; End blown pipes ; Drums ; Rattles Description: Further details refer to ILAM field card number: M3E-1. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Young Tonga men and women Date: 1958-00-00 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 7" Reel ; Recorded at 15 IPS ; 00:02:45 ; Sound Forge V. 6 ; Studer B67 Recorder ; Nagra III Identifier: TR085-03 Source: Sound of Africa Series Number: TR-85 (A3) ; Research Number: M3E-1 ; Number: TR085-03

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Language: Sena Relation: TR085 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Mtoko district

H. Tracey: Catalogue 1973: II: 175

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXYU5jtjU-4

Kore kore

Title: Kore kore Artist: Composer not specified Keywords: Gororambe dance ; End blown pipes ; Drums ; Rattles Description: Further details refer to ILAM field card number: M3E-2. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Young Tonga men and women Date: 1958-00-00 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 7" Reel ; Recorded at 15 IPS ; 00:04:10 ; Sound Forge V. 6 ; Studer B67 Recorder ; Nagra III Identifier: TR085-04 Source: Sound of Africa Series Number: TR-85 (A4) ; Research Number: M3E-2 ; Number: TR085-04 Language: Sena Relation: TR085 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Mtoko district

H. Tracey: Catalogue 1973: II: 175

Non-Shona harmonic sequence

Form number: 48 EP, 12-pulse time-line ( x x . x x . x . x . x . ) on rattles

Full Track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2f2dEdAqeMs

Ai-ye! Nzara yakabora

Title: Ai-ye! Nzara yakabora Artist: Composer not specified Keywords: Gororambe dance ; End blown pipes ; Drums ; Rattles Description: Further details refer to ILAM field card number: M3E-3. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Young Tonga men and women Date: 1958-00-00 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 7" Reel ; Recorded at 15 IPS ; 00:02:57 ; Sound Forge V. 6 ; Studer B67 Recorder ; Nagra III Identifier: TR085-05 Source: Sound of Africa Series Number: TR-85 (A5) ; Research Number: M3E-3 ; Number: TR085-05 Language: Sena Relation: TR085 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Mtoko district

H. Tracey: Catalogue 1973: II: 175

Ngororombe dense vocal/instrumental polyphony

15/23

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0BmC4Q3NBBo

Absolutely stunning track!

Tsuro Wa siye mwana

Title: Tsuro Wa siye mwana Artist: Composer not specified Keywords: End blown pipes ; Gororambe dance ; Drums ; Rattles Description: Further details refer to ILAM field card number: M3E-4. Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Young Tonga men and women Date: 1958-00-00 Genre: Southern African Music Format: 7" Reel ; Recorded at 15 IPS ; 00:03:31 ; Studer B67 Recorder ; Sound Forge V. 6 ; Nagra III Identifier: TR085-06 Source: Sound of Africa Series Number: TR-85 (A6) ; Research Number: M3E-4 ; Number: TR085-06 Language: Sena Relation: TR085 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Mtoko district

H. Tracey: Catalogue 1973: II: 175-176

Ngororombe dense vocal/instrumental polyphony

Affinity with Shona 6-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 32 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AjD5qMephLU

Oyae oyae chauya

Title: Oyae oyae chauya Artist: Sena people (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Song ; Story ; Unaccompanied Description: Further details refer ILAM shellac record number: TP1239 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena people (Performer) Date: 1949-00-00 Genre: Southern African music ; East African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:29 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1239-XYZT4540b Source: Shellac record number: TP1239 ; Master number: XYZT4540b ; ILAM number: 9919 ; ILAM number: 8405 Language: Sena ; Chikunda Relation: TP1239 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Call and homophonic response, both female

No relation to Shona harmonic sequences

16/23

Form number: unclear

Chatendeluka

Title: Chatendeluka Artist: Simoni Zambezi Chirumba (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Indigenous music ; Folk music ; Dance song ; Chiwele ; Mbira ; Nsansi Mbira ; Yodelling Description: Chiwele dance song with Mbira. Further details refer ILAM field card number: C5S-6 Publisher: International Library of African Music Contributor: Sena women (Performer) Date: 1949-09-21 Genre: East African music ; Southern African music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:28 ; Sound Forge V. 8 ; Technics SP - 10 MK II direct drive turntable ; Vestax BDT - 2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox interface SP 10-8 Identifier: TP1080-XYZT4389 Source: Shellac record number: TP1080 ; Master number: XYZT4389 ; ILAM number 9416 ; ILAM number 7904 ; Catalogue number: GB 1232 T ; Library number: 1484 ; Recording number: 4389 ; Research number: C5S-6 ; Tape number: 137 Language: Tonga ; Sena Relation: TP1080 Coverage: Mozambique ; Portuguese East Africa

Shona 6-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 36 EP

Mwana

Title: Mwana Artist: Weleka Lumbe (Performer) ; Composer not specified Keywords: Traditional music ; Folk music ; Topical song ; Bangwe ; String instrument Description: For further details to refer ILAM shellac record: CR1340 ; Traditional topical folk song accompanied by string instrument Publisher: Gallo Record Company Contributor: Contributor not specified Date: 1952-00-00 Genre: Sub-Saharan African Music Format: 78 RPM shellac record ; 00:02:35 ; Sound Forge V.8 ; Vestax BDT-2500 belt drive turntable ; Studer Revox Interface SP 10-8 ; 96000Hz 24Bit Stereo ; Technics SP-10 MK II direct drive turntable Identifier: CR1340-GB1231-XYZ4739T Source: Shellac record number: CR1340 ; Master number: XYZ4739T ; Research number: GB1231 ; ILAM number: 1877 ; ILAM number: 562 Language: Sena Relation: CR1340-GB1231 Coverage: Zimbabwe ; Southern Rhodesia ; Donna Anna District

Harmonic sequence unclear, but somehow Shona-related

4 x 8 = 32 beats, form number: unclear

Not contained in the above ILAM DSA search result were the following tracks from Hugh Tracey’s Sound of Africa Series which are available on YouTube now:

17/23

H. Tracey 1973: II: 176: AMA TR-85 (B. 1) “Ngoma dze Ngororombe” Sena/Tonga

Drum rhythm with 4 drums

No time-line pattern included

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DXzaFSA-2E

H. Tracey 1973: II: 176: AMA TR-85 (B. 2) “Kari muchipfuwa kanaziwa ne mwene wako” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe dza Mondoro, Murumbi drum, male vocal polyphony with yodel

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nV835YcIwn4

H. Tracey 1973: II: 176: AMA TR-85 (B. 3) “Waramba ukuma” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe dza Mondoro, Murumbi drum, male vocal part

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Beginning at 1’37”: Murumbi drum solo temporarily derived from the 12-pulse time-line pattern ( x x . x . x x . x . x . ) by playing its strokes in two contrasting timbres on drum corpus and drum head.

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOCJpnIJv1M

H. Tracey 1973: II: 176: AMA TR-85 (B. 4) “Endai kwenyu Watonga, usare machinda” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe dza Mondoro, Murumbi drum, male vocal part

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Beginning at 1’06”: Murumbi drum solo temporarily derived from the 12-pulse time-line pattern ( x x . x . x x . x . x . ) by playing its strokes in two contrasting timbres on drum corpus and drum head.

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2wmUWY99rs

18/23

H. Tracey 1973: II: 176: AMA TR-85 (B. 5) “Ririka-ririka rerera-ririka” Sena/Tonga

Female call and monodic response

Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (as in “Shumba”) implicitly underlying

Form number: 16 x 2 = 32 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2wmUWY99rs

H. Tracey 1973: II: 176: AMA TR-85 (B. 6) “Njenjenje” Sena/Tonga

Female call and monodic response

Implicit harmonic sequence unclear, possible Shona 6-step standard sequence

Form number: 8 x 4 = 32 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkr5mLXKTMU

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-85 (B. 7) “Murumi Wakaenda ku Harari” Sena/Tonga

Female call and monodic response

Shona 6-step harmonic standard sequence implicitly underlying

Form number: 12 x 42 = 24 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FDyml2lasU

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-85 (B. 8) “Mbwiya ambwiya wo tiende” Sena/Tonga

Female call with yodel and monodic response

Implicit harmonic sequence unclear

Form number: 8 x 2 = 16 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ab09A03jOeE

19/23

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 1) “Kusambare” Sena/Nyungwe

Mbira (what type?), male vocal part

Non-Shona long harmonic sequence

Form number: possibly 12 x 6 : 72 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r591SpMCJDg

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 2) “Famba mpore usadngana mumbuyo” Sena/Nyungwe

Mbira (what type?), male vocal part

Non-Shona long harmonic sequence

Form number: 12 x 6 : 72 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFk4daKKXJY

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 3) “China mureya” Sena/Nyungwe

Mbira (what type?), male vocal part

Non-Shona short harmonic sequence

Form number: 12 EP, 5-stroke time-line

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gb5s4IKDd2o

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 4) “Ndarira” Sena/Nyungwe

Kalimba mbira, male vocal part

Non-Shona short harmonic sequence

Form number: 12 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mH-V_fc2lA

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 5) “Wakwatira chchabe” Sena/Nyungwe

20/23

Kalimba mbira, male vocal part

Non-Shona harmonic sequence

Form number: short

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-6-vgpM6QI

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 6) “Ndaramba Miranda kumudzi kwangu” Sena/Nyungwe

Sanzi mbira, female/male polyphony

Non-Shona harmonic sequence

Form number: 12 x 4 = 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adnBlvHsEs8

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 7) “Ndasaya may angu” Sena/Nyungwe

Sanzi mbira, female/male vocal polyphony

Shona 6-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 8 x 3 = 24

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Am7HIGtbDw

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 8) “Doka wandimara chiperi” Sena/Nyungwe

5 drums, no time-line pattern, dense vocal polyphony with yodel harmonic sequence unclear

Form number: 16 x 3 = 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lj-NyGBEXQ8

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (A. 9) “Wada pita pana pa Angoni” Sena/Tonga

5 drums, no time-line pattern, dense vocal polyphony with yodel harmonic sequence unclear

Form number: 16 x 3 = 48 EP

21/23

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1TWpuPiQI_c

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (B. 1) “Waroya mwana” Sena/Nyungwe

3 Matebe

Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’ (as in “Shumba”)

Form number: 12 x 4 = 48

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8djvRamOlk

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (B. 2) “Siti, musikana adadeka” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe

Slightly distorted Shona 12-step harmonic sequence (see Tracey 1970 Matepe and 1991 Valimba)

Form number: 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3o1wB00FcE0

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (B. 3) “Ndicha Girita pano mufare mufare” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe, Murumbi drum, male vocal polyphony with yodel

Slightly distorted Shona 12-step harmonic sequence ‘derivative 2’

Form number: 48 EP

Beginning at 1’12”: Murumbi drum solo temporarily derived from the 12-pulse time-line pattern ( x . x . x x . x . x x . ) by playing its strokes in two contrasting timbres on drum corpus and drum head.

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zbkpp_JCYHw

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (B. 4) “Marume ma shora Mambo” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe dza Mondoro, Murumbi drum, male vocal polyphony with yodel

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

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Beginning at 0’20” and throughout the track: Murumbi drum solo temporarily derived from the 12- pulse time-line pattern ( x x . x . x x . x . x . ) by playing its strokes in two contrasting timbres on drum corpus and drum head

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6sejzGCKVA

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (B. 5) “Kari muchipfuwa kana ziwa ne mwene wako” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe dza Mondoro, Murumbi drum, male vocal part with yodel (huro, mano’nera)

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSOhlO44VRw

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (B. 6) “Musengu” Sena/Tonga

3 Matebe dza Mondoro, male vocal part with yodel (kudeketera, huro)

Shona 12-step harmonic standard sequence

Form number: 48 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qkAD7QjNFE

H. Tracey 1973: II: 177: AMA TR-91 (B. 7) “Zaina wasala madembe” Sena/Tonga

Bangwe, male vocal part

Non-Shona short harmonic sequence

Form number: 8 x 3 = 24 EP

Full track: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fc8y5hnlrQg

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