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Edited by James E. Palmer and Russell R. Dutcher Edited by James E. Palmer and Russell R. Dutcher Front: Camel Rock (far left) and associated sandstone pinnacles, Garden of the Gods Recreation Area, Shawnee National Forest, Saline County, Illinois. Sandstone is of fluvial origin. Cut-and-fill structures, extensive cross-bedding, and steeply dipping joints are conspicuous. (Pounds Sandstone Member, Caseyville Formation) Bask: Circular, su boval, and irregular Liesegang banding. These iron-oxide- rich bands are believed to be the result of repeated uniform precipi- tation from colloidal suspension in porous and permeable sandstone. About one-third actual size. (Pounds Sandstone Member, Caseyville Formation) Depositional and structural history of the Pennsylvanian System of the Illinois Basin : Part 1 : Road Log and descriptions of stops / edited by James E. Palmer and Russell R. Dutcher. -- Urbana : Illinois State Geological Survey, 1979. 116p. : ill. ;28cm. Field trip 9 / Ninth International Congress of Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology. Sponsored by Illinois State Geological Survey, Indiana Geological Survey, Kentucky Geological Survey, and Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Includes bibliographies. 1. Geology--1llinois Basin--Congresses. 2. Geology, Stratigraphic--Pennsylvanian-- Congresses. I. Palmer, James E. I I. Dutcher, Russell R. Ill. International Congress on Carboniferous Stratigraphy, 9th, 1979. Field trip 9. Dedication v Overnight stop, Henry Ward I Darn Village State 5% List of authors vi Day 4. En route, Kentucky Dam Village Acknowledgments vii esor-t Park to Cave-in-Rock ferry 3 Introduction 1 Western Kentucky F Buorspar 5 Indiana portion of the field trip-summary 7 Bllinois portion of the field trip-summary 7 Organizational clay. New Harmony, lndiana 8 (overnight stop) BElitaois,toCarbon- 58 Stop 1. New Harmony, Indiana 8 Stop 1. Hicks Dome and the Illiroois- Day 1. New Harmony, Indiana, to French Lick, Indiana 8 Stop 2. Peabody Coal Company, Lynnville Mine Eby Pit 11 Stop 3. Abandoned General Refractories Company conglomerate quarry 18 tional environments of the Caseywille Overnight stop, French Lick-Sheraton Hotel 21 Formation 6 Stop 3. Pounds Hollow Day 2. French Lick, Indiana, to Hawesville, (lunch) 7 Kentucky 2 1 Kentucky portion of the field trip-summary 27 72 Day 2. Hawesviile, Kentucky, to Rough 76 River State Resort Park 28 Stop 1. Western Kentucky Parkway, bower 78 Pennsylvanian paleoslump and Pennsy lvanian-Mississippian Illinois 82 boundary at an interfluvial (upland) locality 33 Day 5. South-central lllinois 82 Stop 2. Nolin Dam, the Brownsville paleo- valley and the Pennsylvanian Kyrock Conglomerate in west-central Kentucky 35 sy lvanianj, Interstate 2 Overnight stop, Lodge, Rough River State Resort Park 36 Stop 10. The Abbott and Caseyvilie Forma- tions (lower Pennsylvanian), Day 3. Rough River State Resort Park to 9 Kentucky Dam Village State Resort Park 37 Stop 3. Homestead Mine 38 associated strata a$ Delta Mine, Stop 4. Clear Run horst of Rough Creek AMAX Coal Company 9 1 Fault System-Green W iver Park- Overnight stop. Holiday Inn, Carbondale, way-Milepost 53 43 Illinois 95 Day 6. Carbondale, Il linois, to southwestern l llinois area 95 Stop 12. Channel fill and associated deposits of the Walshville channel and an anvil rock channel 96 Stop 13. View of Mississippi River floodplain and Fountain Bluff (optional stop) 102 Stop 14. Sedimentary features of the Casey- ville Formation, Kinkaid Lake Spillway 1 02 Stop 15. Upper Desmoinesian Strata, Burning Star No. 4 Mine 108 Stop 16. Reclamation practices, Captain Mine, Southwestern 1 l linois Coal Company 109 References This volume in Pennsylvanian geology of the Illinois Basin is dedicated to the memory of four individuals who have made monumental contributions to the geology of the region but whose contributions and influence extended far beyond this area. David Dale 0 wen George Hall Ashley 1807- 7860 1856- 1951 Please note that the individuals listed as trip leaders .-Fa Krausse and W. John Nelson, in this Guidebook are not necessarily the authors of ke Geological Survey, the information for particular days. The foliowing individuals authored the designated portions of the Day 4. Robert D. Trace and Preston McGrain, Men- field trip. tucky Geological Survey. Day 1. Walter A. Hasenmueller, Henry W. Gray, Day 4. James E. Palmer and C. Brian Srask, liiineis and Donald 19. Carr, Indiana Geological State Geologica~ Survey, with contributions Survey . by James W. Baxrer and ichard D. Harvey, lliinois State Geological Survey. Day 2. Walter A. Hasenrnueller, Henry H. Gray, and Donald D. Carr, lndiana Geological Survey. Day 5. John 8. Popp, lliinois State GeoBogical Survey, with contributions by George H. Fraunfelter, John E. kbtgaard, and Charles F. Mansfieid, Southern !3linois University. Day 2. Allen D. Williamson and Preston McGrain, Kentucky Geological Survey; Wayne A. Day 6. Russell J. Jacobson, Illinois State Geological Pryor and Paul E. Potter, University of Survey, with contributions by Stanley E. Cincinnati. Harris, Jr., John E, U-tgaard, and Marc outhern Bi linois University, Day 3. Allen D. Williamson, Preston MeGrain, and Carbondale. Howard R. Schwalb, Kentucky Geological The field trip was planned and organized by geolo- edged. gists of the Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky Geological The invited papers of Part 2 were contributed Surveys, and members of the Geology Department ilpon relatively brief notice by various researchers who faculty, Southern lllinois University, Carbondale. Most possess special knowledge of aspects of Illinois Basin planning activities and field trip arrangements were geology. The scientific quality and significance of the completed by the Field Trip Policy Committee, which guidebook has been greatly enhanced by the confribu- consists of the following members: Donald D. Carr, tions of these authors. Indiana Geological Survey; Russell R. Dutcher, South- Financial and technical support for the field trip ern l llinois University, Carbondale; Preston McGrain, was provided by the lllinois State Geological Survey, Kentucky Geological Survey; James E. Palmer, lllinois the Indiana Geological Survey, the Kentucky Geo- State 'Geological Survey; and Allen D. Williamson, Ken- logical Survey, and Southern lllinois University, Car- tucky Geological Survey. bondale. Many other details of the field trip were managed Special appreciation is extended to the Publica- by field trip and stop leaders, as identified within the tions Staff of the Illinois State Geological Survey. text of the guidebook. Their help is gratefully aeknowl- The lllinois Basin Coal Field has been studied by water deposition (Zangerl and geologists for more than 150 years. Due "E !long-term deep water deposition (Heckel, 1977) have been pro- and continuing studies of surface exposures and a large posed to explain the origin of t amount of widely distributed subsurface data, the char- shale wig! be accessible far close exmination at several acter of strata of the Pennsylvanian System throughout outcrops, and various sedimentary features will be most of the area of the lllinois Basin is probably as well identified. known as any comparable area in the world. This field excursion will be devoted to examining emonstration of broad lateral continuity sf some natural and man-made exposures which provide infor- coals and other rock units in t mation on the depositional and structural history of coals, underclays, and limeston the lllinois Basin. thin, are the most persistent laterai units of the Penn- sylvanian System. Several coal and limestone beds have ore or less continuoaasfy over a distance miles (5"8 kkm). Opportunities will be The following aspects of geology will be given presented on the field trip to compare individual units special consideration: and stratigraphic successiot;s at widely separated expo- sures. General characteristics of fluvial an tation. Major segments of about 1,280 feet (366 m) of rock strata, extending from the base of the Pennsyl- vanian System (Westphalian A) to the base of the Modesto Formation (upper Westphalian D) will be inches thick and is present almsst everywhere in the examined. Numerous sedimentary features and proces- lower portion of the No. 6 Coal in the lllinois Basin. ses that give evidence of fluvial and deltaic sedimenta- lts origin has been the subject of debate for many tion will be identified. years. The "blue band" will be observed at four widely separated localities on the field trip. extent of channel-fill sandstones. Sand- stones are generally recognized to be "the most vari- able and the most disruptive units within otherwise relatively regular stratigraphic sequences'5n the Penn- m i dd l e Pennsylvanian (Desrnoinesian) time, more sylvanian of the liiinois Basin (Simon and Hopkins, marine transgressions occurred in the IlPinois Basin 1966). The relationship of channel-fill and other sand- than in the Appalachians, and more nesnmarine strata stones to adjacent strata will be inspected at several were deposited here than in areas to the west (Waniess, field trip stops. 1975, Part 1, p. 85). The occurrence of these marine limestones, which will be observed at several localities, General characteristic of Pennsylvanian cyclic sedi- further demonstrates the close associatisn of coals in mentation. Wanless and Weller (1932) proposed the the lllinois Basin with marine environment and re- term "cyclothem" to designate "a series of beds de- markably~ uniform regional cycles in which nearly posited during a single sedimentary cycle of the type identical
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