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Home , Highland Rim, Western Coal Field

GENERAL INDEX

See also separate Stratigraphic Index and Chestnut Ridge anticline, 144 Authors' Index Chimney (Candle Stick) rocks, PIs. LXVII, LXVIII Agawam Station section, 29 Chinn calcite mine, 390 Allegheny-Cumberland structural front, 137 Cincinnati arch, 34, 97,132, 137,155, PIs. II, Allegheny peneplain, 156, 183 VIII, XXXI, XXXIII, XXXVI . Alluvium-filled valleys of western Ken- Claxton Station section (Caldwell Co.), 151 tucky, 161,164,203, PI. LUI Clay, 396, PI. CXVI, (tests and analyses), Barite, 388, 389, PI. XXXIV 404 Barrens (Pennyroyal), 187; (Purchase), 205 Cloverport salt industry, 429 Between the Rivers, 205 Coal, 250. See under mineral resources. Big Black Mountain, 180, PI. XXIV Conglomerate uplift, 355. See Paint Creek Big Bone Lick, 241,425, PI. LXX uplift. Big Bottoms (Purchase), 205 Creek Bottom Settlements (Eastern Coal Big Sandy River, 161, 162, 258, PI. LXXVI Field),175 Blue Grass, 166,167, 170, 231, 237, 389, CreelsboroNatural Bridge, 221, PI. LX 391, PIs. XXXV, XXXVII, Cryptovolcanic structures, 151, 393 XXXVIII, XXXIX, XL, XLIX, LI Cumberland arch, 152 Blue Lick, 245, 429, 431 Cumberland Falls, 238, PI. LXIX Boone's Cave, 231 Cumberland Gap, 143, 216, PIs. XLIII, LIX Bowling Green Is., 409, 412 Cumberland Gap topographic sheet, PI. Breaks of the Sandy, 182, 238, PIs. XLIV, XLIII LXIX Cumberland Mountain, 141,180, PIs. II, Breaks of the , 205, 207, PI. II XXXVI, XLIII, LIX, LXIX Brines, 425, 430 "," 175, 180 Brush Creek Hills, 189, 201 Cumberland overthrust (Pine Mountain Building Stone, 408, 409 fault, Cumberland thrust block, etc.), Burdett Knob, 135, 149, 174, 197, 390, 395, 140, 141, 142, 155, 347, PIs. PIs. XXIX, XXXIV, XXXV XXXVI, XLIII, XLIV, LIX Burnside topographic sheet, PI. XLVI (Eastern Cairo topographic sheet, PI. LV Mountains). See Eastern Coal Field. Calcite, 388, 390, PI. XXXIV , 180, 189, 216, PIs. Calhoun topographic sheet, PI. LIII XLVI, XLVII, LIV Callixylon newberryi, PI. XIII Diamond Caverns, PI. LXV Cane Hills, (Purchase), 205 Dikes, (eastern Kentucky) 130; (western Caney dome, PI. XC Kentucky) 130, 388 Canoe Creek plain, 158, 160, 201 Dix Dam, 235, PIs. III, LXVI Carter Caves, 225, PI. LX Dix River, 235, PIs. XXXIX, LXVI Carter Caves Natural Bridge, 221 Dolomite, 413 Cascade Cavern, 225 Drennon Lick, 429 Caves of the Blue Grass, 231 Dripping Springs Escarpment, 184, 191, Cement, 413 223, PIs. II, XXXVI, XLVIII Central Kentucky mineral veins, 389

505 506 GENERAL INDEX

Eastern Coal Field (Cumberland Plateau), Taxable property (valuation), PI. LVI 136, 175, 250, PIs. II, XIX, XLI, Temperature, PI. LVIII Timber, XLII, XLIII, XLIV, XLVI, LXXIX. PI. LVI See also under coal. Geologic history, 155 Eastern Kentucky Glass sand, 422 -- -- Geosyncline, 137, 257, 317, PI. XXXII Glen Cairn fault (Irvine fault), PI. XXXV -- -- Isopach map, (Corniferous) 311; Glen Font salt works, 431 (-) PI. CV Gold Hill fault (Illinois), 145 -- -- Mountains, 175. See Eastern Goose Creek salt works, 429, 431 Coal Field. Great Onyx Cave, 224, PI. LXII -- -- Structure map, PI. XXXII knob, 187 Eden shale belt, 167, PI. XXXIX Hall's Gap, PI. XLIX Edestus (shark jaw), PI. LII Harlan, PI. XLII Elk Lick Falls, 233, PI. LXVIII Harrisburg peneplain. See Lexington plain. Elliott County peridotite dikes, 130 Harrodsburg topographic sheet, PI. Elizabethtown area of the XXXIX Pennyroyal, 187 Henderson plain, 158 Empire fault, PI. LII Hidden River Cave, 224, PI. LXV Entrenched meanders of the Kentucky Peneplain (= Lexington), 158, River, 233 189 Evolution of Kentucky landscape (diagram), Holly Springs clay, 400, 406 PI. XXXVI High Bridge, 233, PIs. LXVI, LXVII Faircloth mine (fluorspar), 390 Howell cryptovolcanic structure (Tenn.), 153 Falls-of-the-Ohio, 235, PIs. I, X Hunter Valley fault (Va.), 142 Fall Zone peneplain, 155 Igneous rocks, 130 Faults crossing Lake Herrington, 237, PI Illinoian glaciation, 160, 163, 164 XXXV . See Western Coal Basin. Faults of the Blue Grass, 237, 391, PIs. Inner Blue Grass, 169, 170, PIs. XXXVIII, XXXV, XXXIX XXXIX Iron, 433, 434 Faults of the western Kentucky fluorspar . Irvine clays, 122, 125, 397 region, 150, 155, PIs. XXXI, CX Irvine-Paint Creek fault (Irvine-Paint Creek Fensters of the Cumberland overthrust, 141, uplift, Irvine-Paint CreekWarfield 142 anticline), 144, 155, 357, 366, PIs. Flatwoods (Purchase), 205, 207 XXXV, LXXXVIII, XC Floyd Collins Crystal Cave, 224, PIs. LXIII, Isopach maps Boyd LXIV County = Ashland gas field Fluorspar, 387, 390, PIs. XXXIV, CXV (Ohio-Bedford-Berea), PI. CIX Flynn Creek cryptovolcanic structure Eastern Kentucky (Corniferous), 311, (Tenn.), 153 PI. CV Livermore pool Galena, 387, 389 (Barlow sand), PI. Geographic charts, PIs. LVI, LVII, LVIII CXIII Livermore pool City water supply, PI. LVIII Farm (Bethel sand), PI. products, PIs. LVI, LVII Land use, CXIII PI. LVI Navigable streams, PI. LVIII Population densities, PI. LVI Jacksboro fault, 140, 142. See Cumberland Precipitation, PI. LVIII State overthrust. forests, PI. LVI GENERAL INDEX 507

Jackson Purchase, 118, 204, 396, 400, PI. Mammoth Onyx Cave, 224, Pls. LXIII, LIV LXIV Jeptha Knob, 152, 153, 154, 174 Mann Lick, 429 Jessamine dome. See Cincinnati arch. Marion area ( Plateaus), 191 Joe Lick Knob, 197, PI. L Mastodon, PI. LXX Kentland cryptovolcanic structure (Ind.), McCreary County Natural Bridge, 221, PI. 153 LIX Kentucky Geologic map, PI. II Mid-Devonian overlap, 135, PI. XXXIII ---- Physiographic diagram, PI. II Middlesboro Basin, (structural) 141,143; ---- Structure maps, PIs. XXXI, XXXII (physiographic) 175, 180, Pls. Kentucky River, 149, 158, 162, 163, 170, XXXVI, XLIII 231, 260, PIs. XXXIX, LXVII, Mineral resources, 248 Barite, 389, LXXVIII PI. XXXIV Brines, 425, 430 ---- Fault, 144, 145, 149, 155, 170, 233, Pis. Building stone, 408, 409 Calcite, XXXIV, XXXV, XXXIX 389, 390, PI. XXXIV Cement, 413 ---- Gorge. See Kentucky River. Clay, 396, PI. CXVI, (tests and ---- Marble (Oregon Is.), 408 analyses), 404, 416 Kenwood Hill, PI. L Coal, 250 Analyses, 251, Kinney oil mine (Ravenna), 315, PI. 278-282 Benham district LXXXVIII (Harlan Co.), 262 Knobs, 194, Pis. II, XXXIX, XL, XLI, Breathitt County, 260 XLIX, L, LI Cannel coal, 257 Kosmosdale (cement), 413 Carbondale, coals of, Kosmosdale topographic sheet, PI. XL 272 Caseyville, coals of, Lake Herrington, 235, 237, Pis. XXXV, 271 LXVI, LXVIII Cincinnati Southern district (Mc- Lawrence County (subsurface structure),366 Creary Co.), 261 Lead, 387, 389 Clay County, 260 Levisa Fork of Big Sandy, PI. XLII Cumberland River, Lexington-Maysville fault = West Hickman 261 fault, 150, 155, 174, 391, PI. XXXIX Elkhorn district (Pike and Letcher Lexington plain (peneplain), 135, 158, 167, cos.), 259 183, 194, 201, 219, Pis. II, XXXVI, Eastern Coal Field, 250 XXXVII, XXXVIII, XXXIX, XL, Harlan district (Harlan Co.), 262 XLI Hazard district (Perry and south- Licking River, 162, 163, 260, PI. LXXVI western Knott cos.), 258, 260 Lillydale topographic sheet, PI. XLVII Jellico district, 261 Lime, 415, 419 Kenova-Thaker district (Martin and , 413, 419 eastern Pike cos.), 258 Louisville, 172, 194, 197, PIs. I, X, XL Kentucky River, 260 Mammoth, 128, PI. LXX Laurel County, 262 Mammoth Cave, 224, Pis. XLVIII, LXI, Lawrence County, 260 LXV Leslie County, 261 ---- Pleateau, 184, 185, 191, 223, PIs. Licking River, 260 XXXVI, XLV, XLVIII Lisman, coals of, 274 ---- Region, 223 Magoffin County, 260 ---- Topographic sheet, PI. XLVIII Morgan County, 260 Paintsville district (Johnson and Floyd cos.), 259 508 GENERAL INDEX

Mineral resources, coal-continued. Mineral resources, coal-continued. Princess district (Boyd and Carter cos.), Dean = Fire Clay, 262, 264, PIs. 258 XXIII, XXIV, LXXV, Producing districts (map), PI. LXXVII LXXII "E". See Creech. Producing seams in eastern Kentucky Elkhorn = Upper Elkhorn = Upper (correlation chart), PI. LXXV Elkhorn Nos. 1, 2, 3, 97, 259, Producing seams in eastern Kentucky 260, 262, 264, PIs. XXII, XXIV, (correlation and production charts), LXXV, LXXVI PIs. LXXVI, LXXVII Fire Clay = Dean, 97, 101, 102, Producing seams in western Kentucky 136, 137, 260, 261, 262, 264, (correlation and production chart), PIs. XX-XXIV, LXXVLXXVII LXXX Fire Clay Rider = NO.4 Rider, Production (Kentucky), 252 264, PIs. XXI, XXIII, LXXV- by counties, PI. LXXIII LXXVII by counties (Eastern field), PI. Freeburn = Pond Creek = Lower LXXIV Elkhorn, XXII, LXXV, LXXVI by counties (Western field), PI. Harlan, 97, 102, 262, 265, Pis. LXXIV XX, XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII by states, PI. LXXIII Hazard coal, 260, 265, PIs. XXI, Reserves (Eastern Coal Field), 256 XXIII, LXXV, LXXVII High Southern Appalachian district (Bell and Splint, 97, 107, 260, PIs. Knox cos.), 262 Tradewater,271 XXIII, LXXV, LXXVII Hignite, Uses and character, 250, 256, 257, 258, 102, 103, 262, 265, PIs. PI. LXXVIII XX, LXXV, LXXVII Hudson = , 268 NO.1 and I! (McCreary Co.), 100, Whitley County, 261 261, 265, Pis. XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII Jackson = Elkhorn, 260, PI. LXXVII Jellico, 97, 2fl2, 265, Pis. XXIV, Commercial coals LXXV, LXXVII Eastern Kentucky Kellioka, 97, 262, 265, PIs. Alma, 258, 263, Pis. XXII, XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII Keokee LXXVI = Kellioka, 265, PIs. Amburgy, 263, PIs. XXII, XXIV, XXIV, LXXV LXXV, LXXVI Laurel = Lily?, Pis. LXXV, "B", 263, PI. LXXVII LXXVII Barren Fork, 261, 263, XXIV, Lily, 260, 262, 266, Pis. XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII LXXV, LXXVII Beaver Creek = No. 2 (McCreary Limestone, 266, Pis. XXIII, Co.), 261, 263, PIs. XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII LXXV Low Splint, 260, 266, PIs. XXII, Bevins = Fire Clay, 264, PIs. XXIV, LXXV, LXXVI, XXII, LXXV, LXXVI LXXVII "C" See Keokee Lower Elkhorn = Pond Creek, etc., Creech = "E", 102, 262, PIs. 97, 259, XXII, LXXV, LXXVI XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII "D" = Darby, 97 Darby, 264, PIs. LXXV, LXXVII GENERAL INDEX 509

Mineral resources, coal-continued. Mineral resources, coal-continued. Mason, 262, PIs. LXXV, No.5, 260,268, PIs. XXI, LXXV, LXXVII LXXVII Millers Creek = Van Lear = Upper No. 5a, Pis. LXXV, LXXVII No. Elkhorn NO.1, 259, 260, PIs. (} (Carter and Boyd cos.), 268, PI. LXXV, LXXVI Mingo, 102, 262, XXI 266, PIs. LXXV, LXXVII NO.6 = Hazard, 97, 260, 268, Pis. Pond Creek = Warfield = Freeburn LXXV, LXXVII = NO.2 gas = Lower Elkhorn, NO.7 (Boyd and Carter cos.), 268, 97, 258, 266, PIs. XXII, LXXV, PIs. XXI, LXXV, LXXVI NO.7 = LXXVI Flag, 97, 260, 268, Pis. Straight Creek, 97, 262, 267, PIs. XXIII, LXXV, LXXVII XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII Thacker, No. 9 (Elkhorn and Hazard fields) 97, 258, PIs. LXXV, LXXVI = High Splint, 107, 260,268, PIs. Turner, 262, Pis. LXXV, LXXVII LXXV, LXXVII No. 9 (Boyd, Wallins Creek = Fire Clay, 102, Carter, and Lawrence cos.) = 262, PIs. XX, XXIII, LXXV, Zelda, 268, PI. XXI LXXVII No. 10, 263, PIs. LXXV, LXXVII Warfield = Pond Creek, 258, 267, Western Kentucky PIs. XXII, LXXV, LXXVI Baker, 274, PI. XXVI Whitesburg, 260, 268, PIs. Bell, 110, 111, 268, 274, PI. XXII, XXIV, LXXV, LXX;VI XXVII Winifrede, 258, 268, PIs. XXI, Dawson Springs, 271, 275, PI. LXXV, LXXVI LXXX NO.1 (McCreary Co.) = Hudson Empire = Dawson Springs, 111, 261,268, PIs. XXIV, LXXV No. I! 268,271,275, PI. LXXX (McCreary Co.) = Hudson, 261, Mannington = Dawson Springs, 268, PI. LXXV, LXXVII 111,268,271,275, PIs. XXVII, NO.2 (Morgan Co.) = Van Lear, LXXX PI. LXXVI No.4, 276, PIs. XXVII, LXXX NO.2 (Carter and Boyd cos.), 268, No.6, 109, 268, 272, 277, PIs. PI. XXII XXVII, LXXX NO.2 (McCreary Co., etc.) = No.7, 110, 268, 272, 277, PIs. Beaver Creek, 261, 268, PIs. XXVIl, LXXX XXIV, LXXV, LXXVII NO.3 No.9, 109, 111, 268,272,277, PIs. (Carter and Boyd cos.), 258, 268, XXVI, LXXX Pis. XXII, LXXV, LXXVI No. 11, 109, 136, 268, 273, 277, NO.3 (McCreary Co.) = Barren PIs. XXVI, LXXX Fork, 261, 262, 268, PIs. XXIV, No. 12, 112, 268, 273, 277, PIs. LXXV, LXXVII XXVI, LXXX NO.4 = Fire Clay coal, 97, 259, No. 14, 112, 268, 274, 277, PIs. 268 XXVI, LII, LXXX NO.4 Rider = Fire Clay Rider, Dolomite, 413 261,268, PIs. LXXV, LXXVI, Fluorspar, 387, 390, PIs. XXXIV, CXV LXXVII Glass sand, 422 Iron, 433, 434 Lead (galena), 387,389 Lime, 415, 419 510 GENERAL INDEX

Limestone, 413, PI. CXVII Molding Oil and gas pools-continued. sand, 424, 426, PI. CXVII Oil shale, Big Sandy (Floyd, Knott cos.) 385, PI. CXIV Petroleum and natural Beaver Creek, 360, 363 Big gas, 283 Six (Wilhurst), 345, PI. C Birk Amboy well (IlL), 4 City, 376, 380, PI. CX Bond well (Anderson Co.), 5 Blaine (Paint Creek uplift), 301, 355, Burns well (Ohio), 4 359, PI. CIV Carbon ratio map (E. Ky.), PI. Blaine and Right Fork, PI. CIV LXXXVI Bowling Green (Allen, Barren, and Findlay wells (Ohio), 4 Warren cos.), 288,301, 306, Floyd Fitch well (Lee Co.), 289 307,326,344, PIs. XCIV, XCV, XCVI, Friend well (Ohio), 4 XCVII Great American (Burkesville) well, Boyd County = Ashland gas, 363, 283, 352 364, PI. CIX Greentown well (Ind.), 4 Buffalo Creek (Owsley Co.), 354 History, 283 Buford, 96, 370, 380, PIs. CX, CXII Hoover well (Jessamine Co.), 4 Burning Fork (Paint Creek up- Isopach maps lift), 355, 359 Boyd County = Ashland gas field Burning Springs (Clay County (Ohio-Bedford-Berea), PI. gas), 306, 324, 344 Busseyville. CIX See Louisa. Campbellsville = Green Eastern Kentucky (Corniferous), 311, River Campton, 287, 306, 316, 344, PI. CV PIs. Livermore pool (Barlow sand), PI. XC,CV CXIII Canada, 363 Livermore pool (Bethel sand), PI. Cannel City, 287, 306, 319, 344, CXIII PI. CV Central City, 378, PI. CX Oil and gas pools Clay County, 306, 324, 344, PI. CV Allen County pools, 288,306, 331, PI. Cloverport, 380, PI. XC XCVII. See also Bowling Green Cooper Valley, 350, PI. CII field. Corniferous pools, 306, 307, 344 Ambrose-Weller, 367, 380, PIs. CX, Corniferous trend pools, 135, 331, CXII 337, 338 Corydon, Artemus = Himyar, 306, 344, 347, 377 Crofton, 378, PI. PI. CI CX Ashley, 306, 344, PI. LXXXIX Cumberland River, 283, 286, 287, Ashland (Boyd County), 363, 364, 362 PI. CIX Davenport (Bowling Green field), 326, Auxier (Paintsville), 359, PI. CV 330, PIs. XCIV-XCVI Davenport pool, Barren County, 286, 307, 334. Northeast exten- See also Bowling Green field. sion of, 135,331 Barrett Hill, 370, 380, PI. CX Deanfield, 377, PI. CX Bates Knob, 371, 380 Diamond Springs, 379 Beaver Creek (Floyd Co.) Big Earlington, 379 Sandy, 360, 361 Elk Fork, 319 Belton, 378 Elna (Paint Creek uplift), 355, 359 Big Sinking, 301, 306, 307, 311, 316, Fallsburg. See Louisa. 344, PIs. LXXXVII, LXXXIX, Flat Gap, 292, 355, 357,359, PI. CV CV Floyd County, 363 GENERAL INDEX 511

Oil and gas pools-continued. Oil and gas pools-continued. Floyd, Pike, Knott, and Martin Little Richland, 345, PI. CI counties, 360 Livermore, 371, 380, PIs. CX, Fordsville, 371, PI. CX Friendship CXIII Church (Ohio Co.), 377 Frozen Logsdon Valley, 135,307,339,344, Creek, PI. CV PIs. XCVIII, XCIX Gilmore, 376 Louisa, 288, 364, 366 Goocey, 306, 344 Magnolia, 307, 339 Grassy Creek (Mize), 319 Martin County, 287, 361, 363, PI. Green River, 135, 307, 336, 344 CVII Greenville, 379 Meade County, 286, Grindstone Hill, 376, PI. CX 379 Meadow, 381 Habit, 369, 380, PI. CX Menifee gas, 287, 306, 320, 311, Handyville, 370 344, PIs. XCII, CV Hayden, 369, 377, 380, PI. CX Menifee oil, 344, PI. CV Haynesville, 377, PI. CX Mine Fork, PI. CV. See Paint Hebbardsville, 376 Creek uplift. Herbert, 369, 380, PIs. CX, CXII Mize. See Grassy Creek. Hickory School (Daviess Co.), 377 Morgan County, 319, PI. CV Himyar (Artemus), 306, 344, 347, Mosely School, 377 PI. CI Moulder (Bowling Green field), Ida May, 306, 311, 316, 344, PIs. 325, 336 LXXXIX, CV Mt. Pisgah, 350 Indian Creek, 347 Muldraugh, 381 Irvine, 292, 306, 307, 315, 344, Needmore = Owsley County, 306, PIs. 316, 344, PI. CV LXXXVII, LXXXVIII, Niagara, 378, PI. CX LXXXIX, CV North Triplett, 306, 324, 344, PI. Irvine-Big Sinking (Lee, Estill, and CV Powell cos.), 135, 288, 306, Northeast Extension of Davenport 307, 311, 344, PIs. LXXXVI- pool. See Davenport. LXXXIX, CV Oil Springs (Paint Creek uplift), Island, 371, 380, PI. CX 301,355,359, PI. CIV Olympia, Island Creek, 355, PI. CV Isonville, 306, 344 355, 359, PI. CV Ivyton-Licking Oneida = Clay County 324, 344, River-Mine Fork, PI. CV 355,359 Owensboro field, 301, 367, 380, Janet,306,321,344 PIs. Kinney oil mine (Ravenna), 310, CX-CXIII 316 Owsley County gas = Needmore, Kirkwood,379 306,316, 344, PI. Knott County, 363 CV Paint Creek, 355 Knox-Whitley County, 306, 346, Paint Creek uplift, 288, 355 PI. CI Paintsville, 359, PI. CV. See Laurel Creek, 355 Auxier. Lecta, 291, 335 Panther Creek, 377 Lee, Estill, and Powell counties. Parmleysville, 349, 360 See Irvine-Big Sinking. Pebworth, 306, 344 LeGrande, 135, 307, 337, 344, PIs. Pellville, 369, PI. CX XCVIII, XCIX Perry County, 363 Pike Lindsay Taylor, 369, 380, PI. CX County, 363 512 GENERAL INDEX

Oil and gas pools-continued. Oil and gas sands-continued. Powell, 306, 344. See Janet. Beaver (Hart Co. and vicinity), Priceville, 307, 339 295,300,338,381, PI. XCVIII Beaver Hagland, 284, 287, 306, 311, 319, (Pottsville), 299. See Salt sand. 344, PI. XCII, CV Havenna Beaver (Wayne Co.), 295, 299, 349, pool, 288, 307, 314 Havenna oil Pis. LXXXII, CII mine, 310, 315 Hed Bush, 355. Berea, 283, 287, 288, 295, 299, 332, See Flat Gap. Hed Hill. See 364, Pis. LXXXII, XCI, CI, Hayden. CIII, CVI, CVIII Hoss Creek, 306, 344 Bethel lime, 300, PI. CXI Hothwell. See Menifee gas. Bethel sand, 300, 370, 371, 378, Pis. Salmon, 377 CXI, CXII Sebree, 378, PI. CX Big Injun, 283, 296, 299, 345, 360, Shale gas (Floyd, Pike cos., etc.), 361, 364, 429, 430, 432, Pis. 360 LXXXII, CI, CIII,· CVI, CVIII Shrewsbury, 381 Big lime (E. Ky.), 283, 296, 299, Silver City, 378 347, 349, 354, 360, 361, 363, Sinking, 349 Pis. LXXXI, XCI, XCIII, CIII, Sonora, 381 CVI, CVIII; (W. Ky.), 300 Southard, 379 Big Six, 283, 289, 291, 299, 345, Spring Grove, 379 359, 360, Pis. LXXXII, XCI, C, Spottsville, 377 CIII Steubenville, 349, 350 Big Water, 300, 301 Stillwater. See Campton. Black lime (Hart Co., etc.). See Sunnybrook, 287, 350, 352 Beaver sand. Sunnydale,377 Black shale (pay), 293, 347, 360, Swamp Branch (Paint Creek uplift), 361, 363, 364, 379, 381, PI. 355, 359 LXXXII. See also Ohio shale, Trabue Heirs, 306, 344 Chattanooga sh., New Albany Turkey Knob. See Owsley sh. County gas. Blue sand, 292, 300, 338, PI. Utica, 370, 377, PI. CX XCVIII Victoria, 377 Brown lime (W. Ky.), 300, 370, PI. Wagesville, 306, 344 Warfield- CXII. See also Vienna Is. Kermit-Tug Fork (Mar- Brown shale, 347. See Black shale. tin Co. gas), 287 Calciferous. See St. Peter. Caney, Warren County. See Bowling Green 290, 299 field. Carter (pay), 290 Wayne County, 286, 349 Cloverport pay (Lower Mississip- Whitley County. See Knox-Whit- pian), 380 ley County gas. Corniferous, 283, 286, 287, 291, 292, Wilhurst. See Big Six gas. 299, 300, 311, 316, 325, 337, Williamsburg, 347 339,347,349,352,357,359,364, Wier (Paint Creek uplift), 355, 359 367, 381, 431, Pis. LXXXII, Oil and gas sands, etc., 289,299,300, XC, XCI, XCV, XCVI, XCVIII, Pis. LXXXII-LXXXV CI, CIII, CV Anderson, 353 Chapman stray, 300 Barlow lime, 300, PI. CXIII Barlow sand, 300, 369, 370, 371, 377, Pis. CXI, CXIII GENERAL INDEX 513

Oil and gas sands-continued. Oil and gas sands-continued. Chester lime (W. Ky.), 300 Chester Ridley (upper), 290 Pike. See sands, 298, 300 "Clinton" Salt sand. pay, 291 St. Peter, 289, 299, 300, 331, 352, 430, PI. Coffee shale, 311 XCVIII. See also under stratigraphy. Cunningham break, 300 Cunningham Salt sand, 283, 286, 287, 288, 297, lime, 300 Cunningham sand, 299,345,347,360,361,363,364, 429, 300 Epperson, 345. See Salt 430, 432, PIs. LXXXII, XCI, CI, CIII, sand. Fannies Creek, 353 CVI, CVIII "Fire Clay" (at base of Chattanooga), 311, Sebree, 300, 378 PI. XCI Shallow pay of Bowling Green First Pencil Cave (), field, 297, PI. XCIII Spergen 299, 300, 352. See Mud Cave. (pay), 381 Squaw. See Big Fort Payne (Keener), 296 Fuqua Injun. Straylime (W. Ky.), stray, 300, 369, 370 300 Gordon, 294, 364 Stray sand of Wayne County, 295, 299, 349 Horton. See Salt sand. Stones River (pay), 286, 300 Sunnybrook Jackson, 300, 370, 376, 377, PI. CXI Jett, (upper and lower), 283, 300, 367, 369, 370, 371, 376, 286,287,290,299,300,352,353, PI. 377, PI. CXI LXXXII Jones (E. Ky.), 299, 345, PI. CI. Wages, 345. See Salt sand. See Salt sand. (W. Ky.), 300, 370, 377, 378, Weir, 145, 283, 288, 295, 299, 355, PIs. PI. CXI LXXXII, CIII, CVI, CVIII Keener. See Big Injun. Yellow Cap, 291, 300, 338 Perkins well Upper Knox (pay), 290 (Hart County), 25 Production Lowville (pay), 286, 300 Natural gas, 285 Little lime (E. Ky.), 299, PIs. XCI, CIII, Petroleum, 285, PI. LXXXI CVI, CVIII; (W. Ky.), 300 Rose Hill (Va.) fenster (Trenton), 142 McCloskey, 297, 300, 367, 370, 371, 376, Shale gas, 288 377, 378, PI. CXI Structure maps Maxon, 283, 288, 297, 299, 360, 361, 363, Allen County, PI. XCVII 429, 430, 432, PIs. LXXXII, CI, Ambrose·Weller pool, PI. CXII CIII, CVI, CVIII Campton pool, PI. XC Meade County, 300 Cooper Valley oil pool, PI. CII Davenport Mud Cave = First Pencil Cave, pool, PI. XCVI 299, 300, 352 Murphreesboro Floyd County (Beaver Creek) .(pay), 290 Oriskany, 293, field, 361 430 Newburg (Ohio), 430 Hayden pool, PI. CXII Herbert Pencil Cave (Tyrone), 299, 300, 352, 353, pool, PI. CXII 354, PI. XCVIII. See also Mud Cave Irvine pool, PI. LXXXVIII LeGrande = First Pencil Cave. (Golconda? of pool, PI. XCIX Logsdon Valley E. Ky.), 299, PIs. XCI, C, CII, CIII, pool, PI. XCIX Kentucky, PIs. CVI, CVIII XXXI, XXXII Knox County, PI. Pennsylvanian of W. Ky., 300, 301, 364, CI Lawrence County, 366 371, 379, 435' 514 GENERAL INDEX

Structure maps-continued. Well logs-continued. Livermore pool, PI. CXIII Owsley Co., PI. XCIII Martin County, PI. CVII Pike Co., PI. CVI Menifee gas pool, PI. XCII Mid- Powell Co., PI. LXXXVII Devonian overlap (Western Taylor Co., 336 Coal Feld) , PI. XXXIII Trigg Co., PI. XXXIII Warren Monticello quadrangle (south- Co., PIs. XCIV, XCV Whitley eastern part), PI. CII Co., PI. CI Morgan County, PI. XC Wolfe Co., PI. XCI Owensboro field, PI. CX White Oak Creek wells (Estill Co.), Paint Creek uplift, PI. CIV 5 Portland cement, 413 Ragland pool, PI. XCII Production charts and tables Wilhurst oil and gas pool, PI. C Agriculture, PI. LXXI Wayne County, PI. CII Coal, 251, PIs. LXXIII, LXXIV, Vance well (Ohio), 4 LXXVI, LXXVII, LXXX Walnut Hall farm well (Fayette Co.), Clay, PI. CXVI 5 Fluorspar, PI. CXV Well logs (plotted) Limestone, PI. CXVII Allen Co., PI. XCVI Mineral resources (general), PI. Bath Co., PI. XCII LXXI Boyd Co., PI. CVIII Molding s.and, PI. CXVII Petroleum Boyle Co., PI. XXXIII and natural gas, 285, 301, 344, 359, Breathitt Co., PI. C 363, 364, 380, PIs. LXXXI, Breckinridge Co., PIs. XXXIII,. LXXXIX, XCVIII, CIV, CXIII CXI Rock asphalt, PI. CXIV Clay Co., PI. XCIII Sand and gravel, PI. CXVII Cumberland River oil field (Cum- Road materials, 420. See also Rock berland Co., etc.), 353,354 asphalt. Elliott Co., PI. CIII Rock asphalt, 382, PIs. XIV, CXIV Estill Co., PI. LXXXVII Rock phosphate, 420 Floyd Co., PI. CVI Rock wool, 415 Green Co., 336 Sand and gravel, 422, PI. CXVII Hancock Co., PI. CXI Vein minerals, 387, PI. CXV Hart Co., PI. XCVIII Zinc (sphalerite), 389, PI. XXXIV Henderson Co., PI. CXI Mississippi embayment. See Jackson Hopkins Co., PI. XXXIII Irvine pool, PI. LXXXVII Purchase. Jefferson Co., PI. XXXIII Mississippi River, PIs. LIV, LV Johnson Co., PI. CIII, CVI Missippian Plateaus, 184, PIs. XLV, Knox Co., PI. CI XLVI, XLVII, XLVIII Lawrence Co., PI. CVIII Molding sand, 424, 426, PI. CXVII Lee Co., PI. LXXXVII Muldraugh's Hill, 146, 157, PIs. II, Magoffin Co., PI. CIII XXXIX, XL, XLV, XLIX Martin Co., PI. CVIII Muscatatuck regional slope, 172, PI. McLean Co., PI. CXI XXXVII Menifee Co., PI. XCII Nashville dome, 132, Morgan Co., PI. XCI 134 Muhlenberg Co., PI. XXXIII Natural Bridge of Kentucky, 220, PI. LX Ohio Co., PIs. XXXIII, CXI Natural Bridge of Virginia, 221 Owensboro field, PI. CXI Natural bridges, 219 GENERAL INDEX 515

Natural gas. See petroleum and natural gas Road materials, 420. See also Rock under mineral resources. asphalt. New Madrid earthquake, 150, 165,238 Oak Rock asphalt, 382, PIs. XIV, CXIV and Hickory Hills (Purchase), 205, Rockcastle freestone, 408, 412 207 Rockcastle River uplift, 145 , 160,161,162, PIs. XL, 1" LV Oil Rock phosphate, 420 shale, 385, PI. CXIV Rock wool, 415 Olive Hill clay, 396, 397, 404. Rocky Face, 143 Outer Blue Grass, 170, 172, PIs. Rocky Face fault, 142, 143, 144. Sec XXXVIII, XXXIX, XL Cumberland overthrust. Paint Creek uplift, 137,144,355,357,360, Rose Hill (Va.) fenster, 141, 142, PI. LIX PIs. XXXII, CIV Rose Run iron mines, 435 Paint Creek-Warfield anticline, 144. Rough Creek fault (uplift), 146, 146, 155, See Irvine-Paint Creek fault. 201,371 Parker strath, 158, 160 nowan County freestone, 408, 412 Russell Pennyroyal, 159, 175, 184, 186, PIs. XLV, Fork fault, 140, 142. See Cum- XLVI, XLVIII berland overthrust. Petroleum and natural gas. See under Rutherford dome. See Kashville dome. Salt mineral resources. lieks, 425 Pine Mountain, 141, 180, PIs. II, XXXVI, Sand and gravel, 422 XLIII, XLIV, LIX Pine Mountain fault. See dike (Kentucky niver fault), Cumberland overthrust. PI. XXXIV Pittsburgh-Huntington basin, 137, PI. Scenic features, 216 CV Pleistocene, Schooley peneplain, 156, 182, PI. XXXVI 122, 160 Portland Scottsburg lowland, 160, 172, 197, Pis. cement, 413 XXXVII, XL, I, Pottsville Escarpment (Eastern Ky.), 175, Second Bottoms (Purchase), 205 PIs. II, XXXVI, XXXVII, XLI, Serpent Mound cryptovolcanic structure XLVI; (W. Ky.), 201, PIs. II, (Ohio), 152 XXXVI, XXXVII, XLVIII Shales and clays (analyses), 416 Pottsville-filled channels, 96, 97, 99,187, Shawneetown fault (111.), 145 201,370, PI. CXII Sigillm'ia, PI. XIX Pound Gap, 182,296,297, PI. XV Skegg Gap, 140, 238 Powell Mountain (Va.), 141 Powell Sky Bridge, 220, PI. LX River (Va.), 216, PI. LIX Slade Xatural Bridge, 221 Powell Valley anticline (Va.-Tenn.), 141, Sloans Valley, PI. XV 142, 143 Smoky Bridge, 221, PI. LX Sphalerite, Pre-Illinoian glaciation, 126, 160 388, 389, PI. XXXIV Springdale topographic sheet, PI. LI Structural Preston Ore Banks, 433 , 132 Purchase region. See . Red Structure of oil and gas pools, See under River, PI. XLI petroleum. Reel foot Lake, 150,238 Regina topographic sheet, PI. XLIV Switzer fault, 174,391 Regional evolution of Kentucky land- Tip Top sand, 423, 424 scape, PI. XXXVI Tompkinsville topographic sheet, PI. Regional geology, 167 XLVII Hidge Top Settlements (Eastern Coal Field), Twin Chimney fluorspar mine, 390 177 Unconformity at base of , 135. See also Corniferous oil pools. 516 GENERAL INDEX

Unconformity at base of Mid-Devonian, Western Coal Field, 108, 136, 138, 155, 135, PI. XXXIII. See also Cor- 201, 250, 268, PIs. II, XXXVI, XLVIII, LII, niferous oil pools. LIII, LXXIX Western Coal Basin (Illinois -- at base of Pottsville, 96, 97,99, 136, Basin), 138, PI. XXXIII. See also Western 187,201,370, PI.CXII Coal Field. Valley View (Kentucky River fault), PI. Western Kentucky fluorspar district, 387 XXXV Western Kentucky peridotite dikes, 130 Vein minerals, 387, PI. CXV West Hickman fault. See Lexington- Walche's Cut section (structure), Caldwell Maysville fault. Co. = Claxton Station section, 151 Wilderness Trail, 169, 179 Warfield anticline, 144, 287. See also Wilhurst anticline, 345 Irvine-Paint Creek uplift. Waverly area (Pennyroyal), 189, PI. Wisconsin glaciation, 161, 164 XLVII Worthington plain, 158, 183 Waverly cuesta and escarpment, 175, PI. L "X" Cave (Car~er Caves), PI. LX Yellow Wells Creek cryptovolcanic structure Creek of the Cumberland River, (Tenn.), 153 216, PI. LIX Zinc, 388, 389, PI. XXXIV