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Views Expressed Are Those of the Press Journals, Five Cambridge Center, Cam- Author of Each Article, and Not Necessarily of Bridge Ma 02142-1407 Dædalus coming up in Dædalus: Dædalus on imperialism Niall Ferguson, Kenneth Pomeranz, Anthony Pagden, Jack Snyder, Akira Iriye, Molly Greene, William Easterly, Robin Journal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences Blackburn, and Henk Wesseling Winter 2005 on professions Howard Gardner, Lee Shulman, William Sullivan, Geoffrey Galt & professionals Harpham, Jeanne Nakamura & Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, William Damon, Anne Colby, Kendall Bronk &Thomas Ehrlich, and Winter 2005: on race on race Kenneth Prewitt Racial classi½cation in America 5 Harvey Goldman David A. Hollinger One drop & one hate 18 on body in mind Antonio & Hanna Damasio, A. S. Byatt, Carol Gilligan, Gerald Louis H. Pollak From Dred Scott to Grutter v. Bollinger 29 Edelman, Jorie Graham, Richard Davidson, Raymond Dolan & Ian Haney López Hispanics & the shrinking white majority 42 Arne Öhman, and Mark Johnson Kim M. Williams Multiracialism & the future of civil rights 53 on aging Henry J. Aaron, Paul Baltes, Frank Kermode, Linda Partridge, Victoria Hattam Ethnicity & the American boundaries of race 61 Dennis J. Selkoe, Caleb E. Finch, Sarah Harper, Chris Wilson, Jennifer L. Hochschild Looking ahead: racial trends in the U.S. 70 Jagadeesh Gokhale & Kent Smetters, Hillard Kaplan, and Lisa Berkman Melissa Nobles The myth of Latin American multiracialism 82 George M. Fredrickson Diverse republics: racial pluralism in France on identity Akeel Bilgrami, Wendy Doniger, Stephen Greenblatt, Sidney & the U.S. 88 Shoemaker, Susan Green½eld, Claudio Lomnitz, Carol Rovane, Ian Hacking Why race still matters 102 Todd E. Feinberg, and Courtney Jung poetry Rachel Hadas Inspissation 117 on nonviolence William H. McNeill, Adam Michnik, Jonathan Schell, James & violence Carroll, Breyten Breytenbach, Mark Juergensmeyer, Steven ½ction Sigrid Nunez The naked juror 118 LeBlanc, and others dialogue Michel Foucault plus poetry by Franz Wright, W. S. Merwin, Charles Wright, Peg & Baqir Parham on Marx, Islam, Christianity & revolution 126 Boyers, Jorie Graham &c.; ½ction by Margaret Atwood, Robert Coover, R. Davis &c.; and notes by Donald Green, Robert F. Nagel, notes Shelley E. Taylor on the psychology of healthy illusions 133 Jeri Laber, Morris E. Fine, Dipesh Chakrabarty, Alvin Goldman, Philip L. Quinn on religious diversity & tolerance 136 Edward D. Lazowska, Norbert Schwarz, Rodolfo Dirzo, Michael Hechter, Joel Handler, Joan Bresnan, Lyman A. Page, Robert J. Sharer, Gustavo Perez Firmat, Lisa Randall &c. U.S. $13 www.amacad.org FOUNDED 1780 Inside front cover: Children identi½ed by their ancestry, from a montage created by photogra- pher Eve Fowler for The New York Times Maga- zine, September 29, 1996, to illustrate a story on multiracialism in America. See Kim M. Williams on Multiracialism & the civil rights future, pages 53–60: “It would seem that color blindness in theory bears little resemblance to multiracialism on the ground. The challenge amidst growing racial diversity is to register the reach and durability of the racial divide, while at the same time, to accept that the meanings attached to race itself are changing.” Photographs reprinted with the permission of Eve Fowler. James Miller, Editor of Dædalus Kenneth Prewitt, Consulting Editor for essays on race Phyllis S. Bendell, Managing Editor and Director of Publications Janet Foxman, Assistant Editor Contributing Editors: Robert S. Boynton, D. Graham Burnett Board of editors Steven Marcus, Editor of the Academy Russell Banks, Fiction Adviser Rosanna Warren, Poetry Adviser Joyce Appleby (u.s. history, ucla), Stanley Hoffmann (government, Harvard), Donald Kennedy (environmental science, Stanford), Martha C. Nussbaum (law and philosophy, Chicago), Neil J. Smelser (sociology, Berkeley), Steven Weinberg (physics, University of Texas at Austin); ex of½cio: Patricia Meyer Spacks (President of the Academy), Leslie Cohen Berlowitz (Executive Of½cer) Editorial advisers Daniel Bell (sociology, Harvard), Michael Boudin (law, u.s. Court of Appeals), Wendy Doniger (religion, Chicago), Howard Gardner (education, Harvard), Clifford Geertz (anthropology, Institute for Advanced Study), Carol Gluck (Asian history, Columbia), Stephen Greenblatt (English, Harvard), Thomas Laqueur (European history, Berkeley), Alan Lightman (English and physics, mit), Steven Pinker (psychology, Harvard), Diane Ravitch (education, nyu), Richard Shweder (human development, Chicago), Frank Wilczek (physics, mit) Dædalus is designed by Alvin Eisenman Dædalus Journal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences The labyrinth designed by Daedalus for King Minos of Crete, on a silver tetradrachma from Cnossos, Crete, c. 350–300 b.c. (35 mm, Cabinet des Médailles, Bibliothèque National, Paris). “Such was the work, so intricate the place, / That scarce the workman all its turns cou’d trace; / And Daedalus was puzzled how to ½nd / The secret ways of what himself design’d.”–Ovid, Metamorphoses, Book 8 Dædalus was founded in 1955 and established as a quarterly in 1958. The journal’s namesake was renowned in ancient Greece as an inventor, scientist, and unriddler of riddles. Its emblem, a maze seen from above, symbolizes the aspiration of its founders to “lift each of us above his cell in the labyrinth of learning in order that he may see the entire structure as if from above, where each separate part loses its comfortable separateness.” The American Academy of Arts & Sciences, like its journal, brings together distinguished individuals from every ½eld of human endeavor. It was chartered in 1780 as a forum “to cultivate every art and science which may tend to advance the interest, honour, dignity, and happiness of a free, independent, and virtuous people.” Now in its third century, the Academy, with its more than four thousand elected members, continues to provide intellectual leadership to meet the critical challenges facing our world. Dædalus Winter 2005 Subscription rates: Electronic only for non- Issued as Volume 134, Number 1 member individuals–$38; institutions–$81. Canadians add 7% gst. Print and electronic © 2005 by the American Academy for nonmember individuals–$42; institu- of Arts & Sciences tions–$90. Canadians add 7% gst. Outside Diverse republics: French & American responses to the United States and Canada add $20 for racial pluralism postage and handling. Prices subject to change © 2005 by George M. Fredrickson without notice. Inspissation © 2005 by Rachel Hadas Institutional subscriptions are on a volume- The naked juror year basis. All other subscriptions begin with © 2005 by Sigrid Nunez the next available issue. Marx, Islam, Christianity & revolution: dialogue Single issues: current issues–$13; back issues between Michel Foucault & Baqir Parham for individuals–$13; back issues for institu- Excerpted from Foucault and the Iranian Rev- tions–$26. Outside the United States and olution: Gender and the Seductions of Islamism Canada add $5 per issue for postage and han- by Janet Afary and Kevin B. Anderson, pub- dling. Prices subject to change without notice. lished in the United States by the University of Chicago Press. © 2005 by the University of Claims for missing issues will be honored free Chicago. All rights reserved. of charge if made within three months of the publication date of the issue. Claims may be Editorial of½ces: Dædalus, Norton’s Woods, submitted to [email protected]. Mem- 136 Irving Street, Cambridge ma 02138. bers of the American Academy please direct all Phone: 617 491 2600. Fax: 617 576 5088. questions and claims to [email protected]. Email: [email protected]. Newsstand distribution by Ingram Periodicals Library of Congress Catalog No. 12-30299 Inc., 18 Ingram Blvd., La Vergne tn 37086. isbn 0-87724-046-9 Phone: 800 627 6247. Dædalus publishes by invitation only and as- Advertising and mailing-list inquiries may be sumes no responsibility for unsolicited manu- addressed to Marketing Department, mit scripts. The views expressed are those of the Press Journals, Five Cambridge Center, Cam- author of each article, and not necessarily of bridge ma 02142-1407. Phone: 617 253 2866. the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Fax: 617 258 5028. Email: journals-info@ mit.edu. Dædalus (issn 0011-5266; e-issn 1548-6192) is published quarterly (winter, spring, summer, Permission to photocopy articles for internal fall) by The mit Press, Cambridge ma 02142, or personal use is granted by the copyright for the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. owner for users registered with the Copyright An electronic full-text version of Dædalus is Clearance Center (ccc) Transactional Report- available from The mit Press. Subscription and ing Service, provided that the per copy fee address changes should be addressed to mit of $10 per article is paid directly to the ccc, Press Journals, Five Cambridge Center, Cam- 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers ma 01923. The bridge ma 02142-1407. Phone: 617 253 2889. fee code for users of the Transactional Report- Fax: 617 577 1545. Email: journals-orders@ ing Service is 0011-5266/05. Address all other mit.edu. inquiries to the Subsidiary Rights Manager, mit Press Journals, Five Cambridge Center, Printed in the United States of America by Cambridge ma 02142. Phone: 617 253 2864. Cadmus Professional Communications, Fax: 617 258 5028. Email: journals-rights@ Science Press Division, 300 West Chestnut mit.edu. Street, Ephrata pa 17522. The typeface is Cycles, designed by Sumner Postmaster: Send address changes to Stone at the Stone Type Foundry of Guinda Dædalus, Five Cambridge Center, Cambridge ca. Each size of Cycles has been separately ma 02142-1407. Periodicals postage paid at designed in the tradition of metal types. Boston ma and at additional mailing of½ces. Kenneth Prewitt Racial classi½cation in America: where do we go from here? In its ½rst national census, the young it should make use of this government American republic not only counted its classi½cation. population; it racially classi½ed it.1 From The second premise depends on 1790 to 1990, the nation’s demographic the ½rst. Without a limited number of base changed from one decennial census bounded groups, it is dif½cult to fashion to the next, and so too did the racial cat- policy with race as a criterion. This is egories on offer.
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