How Open Is It? Tion Model of Academic Publishing

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Defining Open Access for Journals How To Use This Guide This Guide Is A Collaboration Among: Open Access is a means of disseminating scholarly In 2002, the Budapest Open Access Initiative research that breaks from the traditional subscrip- articulated the basic tenets of Open Access for the How Open Is It? tion model of academic publishing. It has the first time. Since then, thousands of journals have ad- potential to greatly accelerate the pace of scientific opted policies that embrace some or all of the Open Open Access Spectrum discovery, encourage innovation, and enrich educa- Access core components related to: readership, reuse, www.arl.org/sparc tion by reducing barriers to access. Open Access copyright, posting, and machine readability. However, shifts the costs of publishing so that readers, prac- not all Open Access is created equal. For example, a titioners, and researchers obtain content at no cost. policy that allows anyone to read an article for free However, Open Access is not as simple as “articles six months after its publication is more open than a www.plos.org are free to all readers.” Open Access encompasses policy that creates a twelve month embargo; it is also a range of components such as readership, reuse, less open than a policy that allows for free reading copyright, posting, and machine readability. Within immediately upon publication. these areas, publishers and funding agencies have www.oaspa.org adopted many different policies, some of which are This guide will help you move beyond the seemingly more open and some less open. In general, the more simple question, “Is this journal open access?” and a journal’s policies codify immediate availability and TM toward a more productive alternative, “HowOpenIsIt?” reuse with as few restrictions as possible, the more open it is. HowOpenIsIt?TM Open Access Spectrum Journals can be more open or less open, Use it to: Licensed under CC BY but their degree of openness is intrinsically • Understand the components that define Image attribution: Christian Damasco et al, Open Access journals PLOS ONE, 2011. 4(3). independent from their: Licensed under CC BY • Learn what makes a journal more open vs. less open • Impact • Prestige • Quality of Peer Review ©2013 Scholarly Publishing and • Peer Review Methodology • Sustainability • Make informed decisions about where to publish Academic Resources Coalition • Effect on Tenure & Promotion • Article Quality and Public Library of Science Access Reader Rights Reuse Rights Copyrights Author Posting Rights Automatic Posting Machine Readability Access

Free readership rights Generous reuse & Author holds Author may post Journals make copies of articles Article full text, metadata, citations, & to all articles immediately remixing rights copyright with any version to any automatically available in trusted data, including supplementary data, Open Open Access upon publication (e.g., CC BY license) no restrictions repository or website third-party repositories (e.g., provided in community machine- Access PubMed Central) immediately readable standard formats through a upon publication community standard API or protocol

Free readership rights Reuse, remixing, & Author holds copyright, Author may post final version Journals make copies Article full text, metadata, citations, to all articles after an embargo further building upon the work with some restrictions of the peer-reviewed manuscript of articles automatically available & data, including supplementary of no more than 6 months subject to certain restrictions on author reuse of (“postprint”) to any repository in trusted third-party repositories data, may be crawled or accessed & conditions (e.g., CC BY-NC published version or website (e.g., PubMed Central) through a community standard & CC BY-SA licenses) within 6 months API or protocol

Free readership rights Reuse (no remixing or Publisher holds copyright, Author may post final Journals make copies of Article full text, metadata, & to all articles after an embargo further building upon the with some allowances for version of the peer-reviewed articles automatically available in citations may be crawled or greater than 6 months work) subject to certain author and reader reuse of manuscript (“postprint”) to trusted third-party repositories accessed without special restrictions and conditions published version certain repositories (e.g., PubMed Central) within permission or registration (e.g., CC BY-ND license) or websites 12 months

Free and immediate Publisher holds copyright, Author may post Article full text, readership rights to some, with some allowances for author submitted version/draft of final metadata, & citations may but not all, articles reuse of published version work (“preprint”) to certain be crawled or accessed (including “hybrid” models) repositories or websites with permission

Subscription, membership, No reuse rights beyond fair use/ Publisher holds copyright, Author may not deposit No automatic posting in Article full text pay-per-view, or other fees limitations & exceptions to copyright with no author reuse of published any versions to repositories third-party repositories & metadata not available in Closed required to read all articles (all rights reserved copyright) to read version beyond fair use or websites machine-readable format Closed Access Access