Level 1 Latin Word List by Morris Tichenor, University of Toronto
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Centre for Medieval Studies Level 1 Latin Word List by Morris Tichenor, University of Toronto This word list was compiled from “A Glossary of Centre for Medieval Studies MA/Level 1 Latin Examinations 1990- 2013,” and includes only those words which are recommended for memorization. Bold definition(s) denote(s) actual meanings found in a previous exam and should be memorized first; additional definitions found in Lewis & Short are listed after a semicolon―an exception is made when bold definitions are less common: these are placed after the semicolon. As an aid to vocabulary building, words are clustered around roots as defined in the Oxford Latin Dictionary. In very few instances words were added which have not appeared in previous examinations; these words are for the most part root-forms of words which have previously appeared. Additionally, some words have been listed according to theme, e.g. animals, body parts, colours, since those rarely share roots with other words. These thematic lists appear after the general vocabulary. All words are listed according to the spellings found, if present, in Lewis & Short with the exception of the letter ‘j’ which has been normalized to ‘i’ in all cases; the letter ‘u’ is distinguished between its vowel ‘u’ and consonant ‘v’ forms. Common medieval spelling variations, such as collapsed diphthongs and assibillations, are not noted. Regularly formed comparative and superlative forms are not noted except to highlight unique meanings. List of abbreviations: abl ablative gen genitive n neuter acc accusative impers impersonal num numeral adj adjective indec indeclinable prep preposition adv adverb indef indefinite rel relative compar comparative int interrogative subst substantive conj conjunction interj interjection superl superlative dat dative intr intransitive tr transitive dep deponent m masculine vb verb 1 f feminine n noun a(b) prep (with abl) from, by (agent), after (etymologies) absque prep (with abl) except, without ac or atque conj and; and also, and even, and yet, and so acer, acris, acre adj sharp, vigorous; violent, acute acies, -ei n (f) sharp edge; battle line; sharpness, debate acumen, -inis n (n) peak; point, shrewdness, cunning acuo, acuere, acui, acutum vb tr to make sharp; to exercise, to incite, to kindle ad prep (with acc) to, towards, at, for, in, up to ad hoc idiom ad hoc, to the extent; moreover adeo adv so; so far, so long, to the end that, yet, indeed adhuc adv still; thus far, hitherto, just now, moreover adulescens, -entis n (m/f) young man; young woman adulescentia, -ae n (f) adolescence; youth proles, -is n (f) offspring; that which grows, child, youth, testicles adulor, adulari, adulatus vb tr to flatter; to fawn over (like a dog) adulatio, -onis n (f) adulation; fawning (like a dog) aedes or aedis, -is n (f) home; temple, cells of bees, ear chamber, catafalque aedificatio, -onis n (f) edification; constructing, building, instructing aedificium, -i n (n) building aedifico, -are, aedificavi, aedificatum vb tr to build, to found; to instruct aeger, aegra, aegrum adj sick; sorrowful, weak aegritudo, -inis n (f) illness; grief aemulor, aemulari, aemulatus vb dep to emulate; to endeavor to equal or excel, to be jealous of aemulatio, -onis n (f) rivalry; emulation, jealousy aequus, -a, -um adj straight, fair; flat, equal, tranquil adaequo, -are, -avi, -atum vb tr and intr to level; to make equal, to attain, to be equal aequalis, -e adj equal; of the same age, contemporary, similar, uniform aequaliter adv equally; uniformly aequalitas, -atis n (f) evenness; equality aeque adv equally; justly aequipollens, -entis adj equivalent; of equal significance aequitas, -atis n (f) fairness; equality, tranquillity aequor, -oris n (n) level surface, the sea inique adv wickedly; unequally, unfairly, unsuitably, indignantly iniquus, -a, -um adj harmful, wicked; uneven, too large or small, hostile nequam adj indecl vile; worthless, bad nequitia, -ae n (f) wickedness; badness, idleness, prodigality, wantonness aër, aëris n (m) air; mist, weather aes, aeris n (n) bronze, money existimo, existimare, existimavi, existimatum vb tr to think; to value, to consider aestas, -atis n (f) summer; year, summer air aestivus, -a, -um adj summer; summer-like aestuo, -are, aestuavi, aestuatum vb intr to boil; to rage, to burn; to feel heat; to billow; to heave aestus, -us n (m) heat; boiling, heaving, passion, doubt aether, -eris n (m) ether; heaven, air aevum, -i n (n) all time; age, lifetime, generation, time aetas, -atis n (f) period, age; lifetime aeternitas, -atis n (f) eternity; duration, a title of the emperor aeternus, -a, -um adj eternal; immortal, everlasting coaetaneus, -a, -um adj of the same age; contemporary grandaevus, -a, -um adj old 2 ager, agri n (m) field; district, countryside, plain peraro, perarare, peraravi, peraratum vb tr to write; to plough through, to furrow over, to injure peregrinatio, -onis n (f) living abroad; pilgrimage, travel peregrinus, -a, -um adj foreign; strange, exotic ago, agere, egi, actum vb tr to act, to do, to drive, to plead, to treat, to wage; to spend agere gratias idiom to give thanks actus, -us n (m) Acts (of the Apostles), deed; motion, driving, role, gesture agmen, -inis n (n) army; movement of an army, multitude cogitatio, -onis n (f) thought; thinking, faculty of thought cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatum vb tr to think; to ponder, to intend cogo, cogere, coegi, coactum vb tr to force; to gather together, to curdle, to contract, to infer exaggero, -are, exaggeravi, exaggeratum vb tr to heap up; to raise a dam, to enlarge, to exaggerate exagito, exagitare, exagitavi, exagitatum vb tr to drive out; to disturb, to harass, to criticise, to excite examino, -are, -avi, -atum vb tr and intr to examine; to form swarms, to weigh, to consider excogito, excogitare, excogitavi, excogitatum vb tr to think up exiguus, -a, -um adj small igitur conj postpositive therefore, then perago, peragere, peregi, peractum vb tr to complete; to transfix, to annoy, to describe prodigo, prodigere, prodegi, prodactum vb tr to drive forth; to waste, to get rid of, to consume redigo, redigere, redegi, redactum vb tr to bring back; to reduce; to receive subigo, subigere, subegi, subactum vb tr to subjugate; to bring under, to plough, to work, to tame transigo, transigere, transegi, transactum vb tr to pass, to settle; to drive through, to complete, to sell aio, aiebam vb defective to say alius, -a, -ud adj and subst indef one/some, (an)other alienus, -a, -um adj possessive another’s, alien from, free from; hostile, foreign aliter adv otherwise aliqui, aliqua, aliquod adj indef any, some aliquis, aliquid pron indef anyone, anything, someone, something (ali)quis, (ali)quid pron indef “After si, nisi, num, or ne, ali- takes a holiday” aliquando adv indef sometimes; ever, at some time, once aliquantulum adv indef a small amount; somewhat, a little aliquot adj indef indec some; several, a few alo, alere, alui, al(i)tum vb tr to nourish; to feed alimonia, -ae n (f) nourishment, food altitudo, -inis n (f) height, depth altus, -a, -um adj high, loud; grown, noble, deep alumnus, -i n (m) pupil exaltatio, -onis n (f) exaltation; pride exalto, exaltare, exaltavi, exaltatum vb tr to exalt; to praise, to deepen alter, altera, alterum pron indef the one, the other (of two) adulter, -eri n (m) adulterer; counterfeiter, bastard adulterium, -ii n (n) adultery; adulteration adultero, -are, -avi, -atum vb tr and intr to commit adultery; to counterfeit alternus, -a, -um adj alternate; by turns, one after another, interchangeable ambo, -ae, -o adj num both ambiguus, -a, -um adj ambiguous; going here and there, uncertain, wavering ambulo, -are, ambulavi, ambulatum vb tr and intr to walk; to travel, to go, to sail, to march amnis, -is n (m) river amo, amare, amavi, amatum vb tr to love; to be in love, to like, to be thankful, to be wont amabilis, -e adj worthy of love amicabiliter adv in a friendly manner amicitia, -ae n (f) friendship; alliance, sympathy amicus, -i n (m) friend; ally, courtier 3 amicus, -a, -um adj friendly; kindly, pleasing amoenus, -a, -um adj pleasant; lovely, delightful amoenitas, -atis n (f) pleasantness; loveliness, delight amor, -oris n (m) love; beloved object, Cupid, lust, love-charm inimicus, -i n (m) enemy amplus, -a, -um adj full; wide, great, splendid, esteemed, honourable amplifico, -are, -avi, -atum vb tr to enlarge; to widen, to amplify amplius adv compar henceforth, more; further, besides an conj or (introduces the second of a two-part question) ancilla, -ae n (f) handmaid; female slave ango, angere, anxi, anctum or anxum vb tr to choke; to draw together, to torment, to vex angustia, -ae n (f) narrow passage; narrowness, scarcity, distress, brevity angustus, -a, -um adj narrow anxius, -a, -um adj anxious; troublesome, prepared with anxious care egenus, -a, -um adj destitute; worthless anima, -ae n (f) soul, breath; breeze, air animal, -alis n (n) animal; beast animalis, -e adj animate; consisting of air animans, -antis adj living; subst living being, animal animo, -are, -avi, -atum vb tr to animate; to fill with breath, to dispose, to enliven animose adv courageously animus, -i n (m) mind, spirit; will, intellect, rational soul, feeling, character exanimis, -e adj lifeless; dead, terrified inanimo, inanimare, inanimavi, inanimatum vb tr to encourage; to enliven annus, -i n (m) year; circular course, yearly produce anniversarius, -a, -um adj anniversary; annual annona, -ae n (f) yearly produce; subsistence, price (of grain), supplies annuatim adv yearly ante