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US 2016.0114338A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2016/0114338 A1 Snead (43) Pub. Date: Apr. 28, 2016 (54) CATIONIC COLLECTORS WITH MIXED (52) U.S. Cl. POLYAMDOAMINES AND METHODS FOR CPC ................ B03D3/06 (2013.01); C07C233/37 MAKING AND USING SAME (2013.01); C07C233/36 (2013.01); C07C (71) Applicant: Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC, 2101/08 (2013.01) Atlanta, GA (US) (72) Inventor: David R. Snead, Atlanta, GA (US) (57) ABSTRACT (73) Assignee: GEORGIA-PACIFIC CHEMICALS LLC, Atlanta, GA (US) Compositions that include a polyamidoamine, aqueous mix tures that include the polamidoamine and an ore, and methods (21) Appl. No.: 14/920,844 for making and using same. The composition can include a (22) Filed: Oct. 22, 2015 polyamidoamine having the chemical formula (A). In the chemical formula (A), R and R can be different and can be Related U.S. Application Data selected from a saturated or unsaturated, Substituted or unsub (60) Provisional application No. 62/067,672, filed on Oct. stituted, linear or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic 23, 2014. hydrocarbyl group, RandR' can independently behydrogen Publication Classification or a saturated or unsaturated, Substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic hydro (51) Int. C. carbyl group, each m can be an integer of 1 to 5, and n can be BO3D 3/06 (2006.01) CD7C233/36 (2006.01) an integer of 2 to 8. The aqueous mixture can include an ore, C07C 233/37 (2006.01) water, and the composition. US 2016/0114338 A1 Apr. 28, 2016 CATIONC COLLECTORS WITH MIXED flotation in phosphate beneficiation generally exhibit inad POLYAMDOAMINES AND METHODS FOR equate results with respect to selectivity and yield of phos MAKING AND USING SAME phate relative to the impurities. 0008 Monoamidoamines have been used in phosphate CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED beneficiation, but are difficult to handle and use as a collector APPLICATION due to generally being highly viscous liquids or waxy Solids 0001. This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional at room temperature, e.g., about 25° C. Monoamidoamines Patent Application No. 62/067,672, filed on Oct. 23, 2014, also exhibit inadequate selectivity of silicate over phosphate which is incorporated by reference herein. and, therefore, provide a phosphate product with a higher impurity content than other conventional collectors. In addi BACKGROUND tion to lower purity, phosphate products recovered with monoamidoamines generally are recovered in lower yields 0002 1. Field relative to other conventional collectors. 0003 Embodiments described generally relate to compo 0009. There is a need, therefore, for improved collectors sitions that can include a polyamidoamine and methods for and methods for making and using same. making and using same. More particularly, such embodi ments relate to compositions that include a polyamidoamine, aqueous mixtures that include the polyamidoamine and an SUMMARY ore, and methods for making and using same. 0010 Compositions that include a polyamidoamine, 0004 2. Description of the Related Art aqueous mixtures that include the polamidoamine and an ore, 0005 Froth flotation is a method that uses the differences and methods for making and using same are provided. In one in the hydrophobicity of the mineral particles to be separated or more embodiments, the composition can include a polya or purified from aqueous slurries containing the mineral par midoamine having the chemical formula: ticles and one or more impurities. Certain heteropolar or nonpolar chemicals called collectors are typically added to the aqueous slurries to enhance or form water repellencies on (A) the surfaces of these mineral particles. These collectors are O O designed to selectively attach to one or more of the mineral particles to be separated and form a hydrophobic monolayer on the surfaces of the mineral particles. The formation of the ------, hydrophobic monolayer lowers the Surface energy of the min R3 R4 eral particles, which increases the chance that the particles will bind with air bubbles passing through in the slurry. The density of the combined air bubble and mineral particles is 0011 where R' and Rican be different and can be selected less than the displaced mass of the aqueous slurry, which from a saturated or unsaturated, Substituted or unsubstituted, causes the air bubble and mineral particles to float to the linear or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic hydro surface of the slurry. A mineral-rich froth is formed by the carbyl group, R and R' can independently be hydrogen or a collection of the floating air bubble and mineral particles at saturated or unsaturated, Substituted or unsubstituted, linear the surface of the slurry that can be skimmed off from the or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic hydrocarbyl Surface, while other minerals or material, e.g., impurities, group, each m can be an integer of 1 to 5, and n can be an remain submerged and/or flocculated in the slurry. The flota integer of 2 to 8. tion of minerals with a negative Surface charge, Such as silica, 0012. In one or more embodiments, the aqueous mixture silicates, feldspar, mica, clays, chrysocolla, potash and oth can include an ore; water, and a polyamidoamine having the ers, from an aqueous slurry can be achieved using cationic chemical formula (A), where R' and R can be different and collectors. can be selected from a saturated or unsaturated, Substituted or 0006. In reverse flotation, impurities are floated out of and unsubstituted, linear or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aro away from the unpurified or crude materials to be beneficiated matic hydrocarbyl group, R and R' can independently be or otherwise purified. In particular, phosphate minerals, iron hydrogen or a saturated or unsaturated. Substituted or unsub ore, copper ores, and other minerals and/or ores are fre stituted, linear or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic quently beneficiated in this manner. In many cases, silicate is hydrocarbyl group, each m can be an integer of 1 to 5, and in the main component of the mineral impurities that cause can be an integer of 2 to 8. quality reductions in the purified product. The minerals con 0013. In one or more embodiments, a method for purifying taining silicates or other silicon oxides include quartz, sand, an ore can include combining an ore, water, and a polyami mica, feldspar, muscovite, and biotite. A high silicate content doamine to produce an aqueous mixture. The ore can include lowers the quality of the phosphate or other purified material. an impurity. The polyamidoamine can have the chemical 0007 Phosphorous ores generally contain impurities and formula (A), where R' and R can be different and can be phosphate materials, e.g., calcium phosphate that can be rep selected from a saturated or unsaturated, Substituted or unsub resented by the general chemical formula Cas(PO) (X). stituted, linear or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic where X can be fluoride, chloride, and/or hydroxide. Phos hydrocarbyl group, RandR' can independently behydrogen phate materials, such as calcium phosphate, generally have a or a saturated or unsaturated, Substituted or unsubstituted, polar, hydrophilic Surface. Many of the impurities, e.g., sili linear or branched, cyclic, heterocyclic, or aromatic hydro cates, in the phosphorus ore also have polar, hydrophilic carbyl group, each m can be an integer of 1 to 5, and n can be Surfaces and are not easy to selectively separate from the an integer of 2 to 8. A flocculated material that can include the phosphate material. Conventional collectors used for silicate impurity and the polyamidoamine from the aqueous mixture US 2016/0114338 A1 Apr. 28, 2016 can be collected. A purified ore that contains less of the 0018. In one or more examples, R. R. R. and R' can impurity than the ore can also be collected from the aqueous independently be derived from one or more fatty acid sources. mixture. Illustrative fatty acid sources can be or include, but are not limited to, one or more fatty acids, tall oil fatty acids (TOFA), DETAILED DESCRIPTION rosin acids, crude tall oils (CTO), distilled tall oils (DTO), tall 0014. It has been surprisingly and unexpectedly discov oil pitches, portions thereof, fractions thereof, or any mixture ered that compositions containing one or more polyamidoam thereof. Other illustrative fatty acid sources can be or include ines that have two or more amido groups with different hydro lauric acid, Stearic acid, isostearic acid, naphthenic acid, oleic carbyl groups provide high yields and/or selectivity by acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, salts thereof, impurity, e.g., silicate, flotation in an aqueous mixture for the isomers thereof, or any mixture thereof. In some examples, purification or beneficiation of one or more ores. For Rand R' can both be hydrogen and R' and R can indepen example, the compositions containing the polyamidoamines dently be derived from lauric acid, Stearic acid, isostearic Surprisingly and unexpectedly perform better, e.g., greater acid, naphthenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, yield and/or selectivity, in phosphate beneficiation than palmitic acid, other fatty acids, isomers thereof, or any mix monoamidoamines. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it ture thereof. is believed that the compositions containing one or more (0019. In some examples of polyamidoamines, R', R. R. polyamidoamines that have two or more amido groups with and R' can independently have all saturated bonds, such as different hydrocarbyl groups provide enhanced adhesion to saturated fatty acid groups, and therefore no unsaturated the Surfaces of impurities, e.g., silicate particles and other bonds. In other examples of polyamidoamines, R', R. R. gangue material, which lowers the Surface energy of the and Reach can independently have one or more unsaturated impurities. This reduced surface energy increases the likeli bonds, such as unsaturated fatty acid groups.
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  • Community Baboon Sanctuary

    Community Baboon Sanctuary

    Management Plan for the Community Baboon Sanctuary Linking Conservation and Sustainable Development 2013-2018 CBS Management Plan 2013-2018 Funding Provided by: Prepared by: Dr. Jon Lyon Department of Biology Merrimack College North Andover, MA 01845 USA 31 August 2013 2 CBS Management Plan 2013-2018 Executive Summary The Uniqueness of the Community Baboon Sanctuary The Community Baboon Sanctuary (CBS) was established in 1985 and is located on the northern coastal plain of Belize. It is geographically centered on the Village of Bermudian Landing in the lower Belize River Valley (Longitude 17o 55’ 65”N; Latitude: -88o 53’ 07” W). The CBS is an IUCN Category IV protected area but it is a Community Conserved Area where individual landowner participation is completely voluntary and based on a pledge system. The present membership is some 170 landholders and includes members of seven area villages, Flowers Bank, Scotland Half-Moon, Isabella Bank, St. Paul’s Bank, Willows Bank, Double Head Cabbage, and Bermudian Landing. The CBS covers some 14,800 acres. The Community Baboon Sanctuary (CBS) is unlike any other protected area or wildlife sanctuary in Belize. The nature and functioning of the CBS is completely embedded within the seven Belize River Valley communities that comprise it and it is inextricably linked to the Kriol culture and history of the region. The sanctuary nature of the CBS exists because of the long-held cultural appreciation for the black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) by the people that co-inhabit the region. Villagers in the Belize River Valley have very rarely ever hunted howlers for food and rarely engaged in capturing them for pets or the pet trade.