Positive YAM VIRUS DISEASE LIST control PV- Name Acronym Classification Synonym Symptoms Diagnostic Bioassay host Distribution Mode of of Cassava method range transmission brown Chinese yam necrotic ChYNMV Order: Unassigned Japan mosaic virus Family: Potyviridae Genus: Macluravirus Dioscorea bacilliform virus DBV Order: Unassigned Dioscorea alata World wide Mealybug Family: badnavirus, Yam internal Caulimoviridae brown spot disease, Genus: Badnavirus Dioscorea bulbifera badnavirus Japanese yam mosaic JYMV Order: Unassigned Japan Aphid(?) virus Family: Potyviridae Genus: Potyvirus Yam mild mosaic virus YMMV Order: Unassigned Yam virus 1, Dioscorea World wide Aphids (?). Not Family: Potyviridae alata virus, D. alata vein mechanical Genus: Potyvirus yellowing virus, D. alata chlorosis virus, Dioscorea greenbanding virus Yam mosaic virus YMV Order: Unassigned Dioscorea green banding World wide Aphids, Family: Potyviridae mosaic virus, YV-N, mechanical, not Genus: Potyvirus Dioscorea alata virus, seed or contact Dioscorea trifida virus Beet mosaic virus BtMV Order: Unassigned Dioscorea alata ring Togo Family: Potyviridae mottle virus Genus: Potyvirus Cucumber mosaic virus CMV Order: Unassigned Guadeloupe, Family: Bromoviridae west africa Genus: Cucumovirus Dioscorea dumetorum Order: Unassigned Nigeria, Sri virus Family: Potyviridae Lanka, Genus: Potyvirus Bangladesh Dioscorea latent virus DLV Order: Tymovirales Central Family: America, Alphaflexiviridae South Pacific Dioscorea mild chlorosis Order: Unassigned Nigeria mosaic virus Family: Tombusiridae Genus: Carmovirus

Yam internal brown spot Caulimoviridae, Y D. alata strains virus Badnavirus Positive control PV- Yam mosaic virus YMV Potyviridae; Potyvirus Y Nicotiana Guadeloupe, Aphids, benthamiana (W), Guyana, mechanical, not Dioscorea west Africa seed or contact cayenensis (W); D. praehensilis; D.composita, D. floribunda Dioscorea alata ring mottle Potyviridae; Potyvirus Y Dioscorea alata Togo Aphids, virus mechanical Dioscorea alata virus Dioscorea green banding Potyviridae; Potyvirus Nicotiana Nigeria, mosaic virus benthamiana Togo Dioscorea latent virus Flexiviridae; Nicotiana Puerto Rico Mechanical, not Potexvirus megalosiphon, N. seed, pollen or benthamiana contact Dioscorea trifida virus Potyviridae; Potyvirus Dioscorea alata, D. Guadeloupe cayenensis Caulimoviridae, Badnavirus More than 15 viruses belonging to five different genera, namely, Potyvirus, Macluravirus, Badnavirus, Cucumovirus, and Potexvirus, are known to infect yams. However, Yam cassava mosaic virus (YMV) and Dioscorea alata virus (DAV) potyviruses are widely prevalent on yams. Like many other vegetatively propagated crops, yam diseases are also perpetuated mosaic virus (ACMV) and and spread mainly through infected planting materials. Use of resistant varieties, disease-free healthy planting materials, and strict phytosanitory measures are advocated for TAS-ELISA management of yam diseases. AS-0421-