Index of Plant Diseases in South Carolina

INDEX OF PLANT DISEASES IN SOUTH CAROLINA

Third Edition

James H. Blake, Ed.D. State Coordinator SC Master Gardener Program SC Master Naturalist Program

Meg Williamson, M.S. Plant Disease Diagnostician

PREFACE

The first edition of the Index of Plant Diseases in South Carolina published in 2008 listed the plant diseases occurring on cultivated and native plants in SC as reported from plant samples submitted to the Clemson University Plant Problem Clinic between 1972 and 2006, with the addition of disease reports from Extension and research plant pathologists across SC. The second edition included data from 2007 through 2011, adding 85 new host plants and 634 new diagnoses. This third edition includes disease reports from 2012 through 2014, adding 54 new host plants and 350 new diagnoses.

The Index now contains 1,041 genera and species of plants from 124 plant families with 1,573 common names. There are 5,727 disease reports with 4,712 diseases being caused by fungi, 442 diseases caused by nematodes, 380 diseases caused by bacteria, 247 diseases caused by viruses, 20 diseases caused by algae, 3 diseases caused lichens, 1 disease caused by a phytoplasma, and 1 disease caused by a viroid.

No attempt has been made to update the binomial nomenclature of either plants or plant pathogens listed in this publication. This index lists the plants and their pathogens as taken from the sample submission forms and the reports generated by the various Clemson University plant pathologists. This index does not imply that it is a complete list of the diseases of plants in South Carolina. New plants as well as new plant pathogens are continually being introduced into the United States.

The Index is arranged so that plant families are listed alphabetically. Within each plant family is an alphabetical listing of plant species. Plant pathogens found on each plant are then listed under pathogen categories – algae, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, phytoplasmas, viroids and viruses.

New to this edition is a series of indices to the common and Latin binomials (genus species) of plants, plant family names, common names of plant diseases, and Latin binomials of the disease-causing organisms (algae, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, phytoplasmas, viruses and viroids) found in this publication.

This publication will serve as a useful reference for anyone interested in plant diseases, including county Extension agents, diagnosticians, students, Master Gardeners, Master Naturalists, and Department of Plant Industry personnel.

First edition 2008 Blake, James H., Williamson, M. and Ellingson, K.

Second edition June 2012 Blake, James H., and Williamson, M.

Third edition November 2015 Blake, James H., and Williamson, M.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Index of Plant Diseases in South Carolina ...... 4 Index to the Genera and Species of Plants ...... 142 Index to the Common Names of Plants ...... 152 Index to the Plant Families ...... 162 Index to the Common Names of Plant Diseases ...... 164 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Algae ...... 172 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria ...... 173 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Fungi ...... 174 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Lichens ...... 182 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Nematodes ...... 183 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Phytoplasmas ...... 184 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Viroids ...... 185 Index to the Genera and Species of Plant Pathogenic Viruses ...... 186

ACANTHACEAE Acer japonicum (Japanese Maple)

Aphelandra justicia (Zebra Plant) FUNGI

FUNGI Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryodiplodia dieback Kabatiella apocrypta — Anthracnose Botrytis sp. — Botrytis leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Justicia brandegeana (Shrimp Plant) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

FUNGI Acer negundo (Box Elder) Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight FUNGI

Justicia sp. (Water Willow) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot

Acer palmatum (Cutleaf Japanese Maple) Ruellia brittoniana (Mexican Petunia) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold canker

Thunbergia sp. (Thunbergia) Acer palmatum (Japanese Maple)

FUNGI FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Apiognomonia sp. — Anthracnose Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and dieback ACERACEAE Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Colletotrichum dieback Acer barbatum (Southern Sugar Maple, Florida Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum Maple) stem decay Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium canker and FUNGI dieback Discula sp. — Discula anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot, Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum canker and dieback Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Kabatiella apocrypta — Anthracnose Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Acer buergeranum (Trident Maple) Phoma sp. — Phoma canker and dieback

Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, canker, stem BACTERIA canker and twig dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhytisma acerinum — Tar spot Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback and canker Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Uncinula bicornis — Powdery mildew Uncinula sp. — Powdery mildew Acer palmatum ‘Sango-kaku’ (Coral Bark Maple) Acer saccharinum (Silver Maple) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum Acer platanoides (Norway Maple) leaf spot Cristulariella depraedans — Cristulariella leaf FUNGI spot Discula sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Gloeosporium apocryptum — Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta minima — Phyllosticta leaf spot Acer pseudoplatanus (Sycamore Maple) Phyllosticta sp. — Purple-bordered leaf spot, Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Rhytisma acerinum — Tar spot

Apiognomonia veneta — Anthracnose Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple)

Acer rubrum (Red Maple) BACTERIA

BACTERIA Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch

Enterobacter cloacae — Bacterial wetwood FUNGI Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Apiognomonia sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Discula sp. — Discula anthracnose Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Kabatiella sp. — Anthracnose Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria canker Monostichella sp. — Monostichella leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker canker Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Cristulariella moricola — Zonate leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Cristulariella pyramidalis — Zonate leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Discula sp. — Anthracnose Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Hypoxylon sp. — Hypoxylon canker Kabatiella sp. — Anthracnose Acer saccharum subsp. nigrum (Black Maple) Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker FUNGI Phyllosticta minima — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Purple-bordered leaf spot, Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phyllosticta leaf spot Pilidium sp. — Pilidium leaf spot

Acer x freemanii (Freeman’s Maple) FUNGI

FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cylindrocladium crotolariae — Cylindrocladium Fusarium sp. — Fusarium canker root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium root rot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Acer sp. (Maple) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker NEMATODES Ceratocystis caerulescens — Sap streak Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Cladosporium humile — Cladosporium leaf spot Colletotrichum acutatum — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose AIZOACEAE Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium leaf spot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Delosperma cooperi (Cooper’s Hardy Ice Plant, Cristulariella pyramidalis — Zonate leaf spot Delosperma) Discula sp. — Anthracnose Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose FUNGI Fusarium solani — Fusarium stem rot Gloeosporium apocryptum — Anthracnose Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Kabatiella apocrypta — Anthracnose Nectria cinnabarina — Nectria canker Delosperma nubigenum (Delosperma, Hardy Phyllosticta minima — Purple-bordered leaf spot Yellow Ice Plant) Phyllosticta sp. — Purple-bordered leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhytisma acerinum — Tar spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root Venturia acerina — Venturia leaf spot and crown rot Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt

NEMATODES Mesembryanthemum sp. (Ice Plant)

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode FUNGI

Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot ACTINIDIACEAE Pythium sp. — Root and stem rot

Actinidia chinensis (Kiwi) AMARANTHACEAE BACTERIA Alternanthera sp. (Alternanthera) Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Amaranthus sp. (Pigweed) NEMATODES

FUNGI Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Astrantia sp. (Astrantia)

Celosia sp. (Woolflower) FUNGI

FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot NEMATODES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora stem rot

NEMATODES Coriandrum sativum (Cilantro)

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode BACTERIA

Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Gomphrena sp. (Gomphrena)

FUNGI Daucus carota (Carrot)

Botrytis sp. — Gray mold FUNGI

VIRUSES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus NEMATODES

ANACARDIACEAE Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Pistacia chinensis (Chinese Pistachio) Petroselinum crispum (Parsley) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhus michauxii (Sumac)

FUNGI APOCYNACEAE

Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Adenium sp. (Desert Rose)

FUNGI APIACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Aegopodium sp. (Goutweed)

FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Amsonia sp. (Bluestar) Nerium sp. (Oleander)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Coleosporium apocynaceum — Rust Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial knot Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch

Catharanthus roseus (Annual Vinca) FUNGI

FUNGI Aleurodiscus oakesii — Smooth patch fungus Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryodiplodia leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose and canker, Leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem and root rot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora aerial Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot blight, branch blight, stem and root rot Macrophoma sp. — Foliage necrosis Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica — Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora stem rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Aerial Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot blight, Branch blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem, root and crown rot, Aerial blight Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Plumeria sp. (Frangipani Temple Tree)

FUNGI Catharanthus sp. (Annual Vinca) Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot FUNGI

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Trachelospermum asiaticum (Asiatic Jasmine)

FUNGI Mandevilla laxa (Chilean Jasmine) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern stem blight

Mandevilla sp. (Mandevilla) Trachelospermum jasminoides (Confederate FUNGI Jasmine)

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Aerial blight Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, canker, and twig blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Vinca major (Greater Periwinkle) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Phoma exigua — Phoma dieback Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Phomopsis livella — Phomopsis canker and Botryodiploidia sp. — Botryodiploidia dieback, dieback canker and stem rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora branch Golovinomyces orontii — Powdery mildew blight, root and stem rot Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora blight and root Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem rot rot, Aerial blight Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, crown and Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, stem rot Damping off, Web blight Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern stem blight Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

NEMATODES Vinca minor (Common Periwinkle) Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode BACTERIA

Acidovorax konjaci — Bacterial leaf spot AQUIFOLIACEAE Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Ilex aquifolium (English Holly) FUNGI FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium stem and root rot, Cylindrocladium blight Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Ilex x attenuata (Foster Hybrid Holly, Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot and blight Savannah Holly) Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora blight FUNGI Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora stem rot, blight Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryodiplodia dieback and Pythium sp. — Pythium blight, root and stem rot canker Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root and stem Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and rot dieback Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, NEMATODES Colletotrichum leaf spot Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Vinca sp. (Periwinkle) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot FUNGI NEMATODES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Ilex x attenuata fosteri (East Palatka Holly) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, twig dieback, Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and and leaf spot dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium leaf spot Ilex cornuta (Chinese Holly —‘Burford’ Holly, Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot ‘Carissa’ Holly, ‘Dwarf Burford’ Holly, Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose ‘Needlepoint’ Holly) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Guignardia sp. — Guignardia leaf spot ALGAE Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback, Cephaleuros sp. — Algal leaf spot Twig blight Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora ilicis — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fruit rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Cercospora sp. — Leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Leaf necrosis NEMATODES Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem necrosis Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Fusicoccum sp. — Twig blight Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot, Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Anthracnose Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Phacidium sp. — Tar spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Ilex x Emily Bruner (‘Emily Bruner’ Holly) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phacidium sp. — Tar spot NEMATODES

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Ilex glabra (Inkberry Holly) Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode FUNGI

Ilex crenata (Japanese Holly — ‘Convexa’, Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, ‘Dwarf Convexa’, ‘Helleri’, ‘Hoogendorn’, Stem rot ‘Roundleaf’, ‘Steeds’, ‘Stokes’) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot BACTERIA Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall

Ilex latifolia (Lusterleaf Holly) FUNGI

FUNGI Armllaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker canker and dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Ilex x meserveae (Holly) Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot FUNGI Leptothyrium sp. — Leptothyrium leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Thread blight Phoma sp. — Phoma dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Web Ilex x Nellie R. Stevens (‘Nellie Stevens’ Holly) blight Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot FUNGI NEMATODES Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Phacidium sp. — Tar spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Ilex sp. (Holly) BACTERIA Ilex opaca (American Holly) Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall FUNGI Corynebacterium ilicis — Bacterial gall

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium canker Armillaria mellea — Oak root rot Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum twig blight Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryodiplodia leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot dieback, Fruit rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight NEMATODES Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Leaf necrosis Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cytosporella sp. — Cytosporella twig blight Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Ilex vomitoria (Yaupon Holly, Dwarf Yaupon Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose Holly) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium dieback Gloeosporium ilicis — Gloeosporium canker and BACTERIA leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma dieback and leaf spot Myrothecium sp. — Myrothecium leaf spot Pellicularia sp. — Leaf rot

Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Aglaonema modestum (Chinese Evergreen) Phacidium sp. — Tar spot Phoma sp. — Phoma dieback and leaf spot FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis blight, canker and dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cactorum — Phytophthora dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Aglaonema sp. (Chinese Evergreen) Phytophthora illicis — Phytophthora twig blight Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Thread Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot blight, Web blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Thielaviopsis sp. — Black root rot Volutella sp. — Volutella blight Alocasia taro (Elephant’s Ear)

NEMATODES BACTERIA

Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Alocasia sp. (Elephant’s Ear) Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode FUNGI Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Fusarium sp. — Fusarium bulb rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot ARACEAE

Acorus gramineus (Grassy-leaved Sweet Flag) Anthurium sp. (Anthurium)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Rhizoctona sp. — Rhizoctona root and stem rot

Caladium sp. (Caladium) Acorus sp. (Sweet Flag) FUNGI FUNGI Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Sphaerulina acorii — Sphaerulina leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Aglaonema commutatum (Chinese Evergreen) Colocasia jensii (Elephant's Ear) FUNGI FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot

Colocasia sp. (Elephant's Ear) Spathiphyllum sp. (Spathe Flower)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium corm rot Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot

FUNGI Dieffenbachia sp. (Dumb Cane) Cylindrocladium spathiphylli — Cylindrocladium BACTERIA root and petiole rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Syngonium podophyllum (Nephthytis) Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot FUNGI FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Syngonium sp. (Syngonium) Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot Xanthomonas vitians — Bacterial leaf spot Monstera deliciosa (Split-Leaf Philodendron) Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

BACTERIA FUNGI

Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Philodendron sp. (Philodendron) Zantedeschia sp. (Calla Lilly) BACTERIA BACTERIA Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial leaf rot Erwinia chyrsanthemi — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial leaf rot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum — FUNGI Bacterial soft rot

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium dry rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium blight

Pothos sp. (Pothos)

FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot

ARALIACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Aralia sp. (Aralia) Phytophthora palmivora — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown FUNGI rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Fatsia sp. (Fatsia) Brassaia actinophylla (Australian Umbrella Tree, Schefflera) BACTERIA

FUNGI Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Brassaia arboricola (Umbrella Tree, Schefflera) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown rot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Hedera canariensis (Algerian Ivy)

BACTERIA x Fatshedera lizei (Ivy Tree) Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot FUNGI FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot x Fatshedera sp. (Aralia Ivy) Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Stem Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot NEMATODES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Hedera colchica (Fragrant Ivy)

Fatsia japonica (Fatsia) FUNGI

BACTERIA Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae — Bacterial Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot leaf spot

FUNGI

Alternaria panax — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot

Hedera helix (English Ivy) NEMATODES

BACTERIA Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae — Bacterial leaf spot Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Panax sp. (Ginseng)

FUNGI FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria panax — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Cylindrocarpon sp. — Disappearing root rot Colletotrichum trichellum — Colletotrichum leaf Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem spot rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose Polyscias fruticosa (Ming Aralia) Guignardia bidwellii — Leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot Phytophthora palmivora — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Schefflera sp. (Umbrella Tree, Schefflera) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI

Hedera sp. (Ivy) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose BACTERIA Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae — Bacterial Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose leaf spot Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

FUNGI Tetrapanax papyrifer (Rice Paper Plant) Alternaria alternata — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Colletotrichum trichellum — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Colletotrichum leaf and stem spot Phytophthora palmivora — Phytophthora root rot Guignardia bidwellii — Leaf spot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot ARAUCARIACEAE Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Araucaria araucana (Monkey Puzzle Tree) Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Coniothyrium sp. — Needle necrosis Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Araucaria heterophylla (Norfolk Island Pine) Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot FUNGI Melanconium sp. — Melanconium leaf spot Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria needle necrosis Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Needle browning Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella canker Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Livistona chinensis (Chinese Fan Palm)

ARECACEAE FUNGI

Butia capitata (Pindo Palm) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

FUNGI Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island Date Palm) Armillaria tabescens — Armillaria root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot ALGAE Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum stem decay Fusarium sp. — Fusarium bud rot, Fusarium Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot basal rot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot FUNGI Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, canker, and twig blight Butia sp. (Butia, Jelly Palm) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. canariensis — FUNGI Fusarium wilt Graphiola phoenicis — False smut Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis rachis rot Pestalotia sp. — Rachis rot Serenomyces phoenicis — Rachis blight Chamaerops humilis (European Fan Palm, Stigmina palmivora — Palm leaf spot Mediterranean Fan Palm)

FUNGI Rhapidophyllum hystrix (Needle Palm)

Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot

Cocos plumosa (Cocos Palm) Rhapidophyllum sp. (Needle Palm)

FUNGI ALGAE

Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot

Cocos sp. (Cocos Palm, Blue Coconut Palm) Sabal palmetto (Cabbage Palmetto)

FUNGI FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium bud rot Ganoderma zonatum — Butt rot

Pestalotiopsis palmarum — Pestalotiopsis leaf ASCLEPIADACEAE and rachis spot Serenomyces sp. — Rachis blight Asclepias incarnata (Swamp Milkweed) Thielaviopsis paradoxa — Thielaviopsis trunk rot Thielaviopsis sp. — Thielaviopsis trunk rot FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Sabal sp. (Sabal Palm) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis rachis rot Asclepias sp. (Milkweed) Serenomyces sp. — Rahcis blight FUNGI

Serenoa repens (Saw Palmetto) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Uromyces asclepiadis — Rust FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Hoya sp. (Wax Vine)

FUNGI Trachycarpus fortunei (Windmill Palm) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose NEMATODES Diplodia sp. — Diplodia canker Fusarium sp. — Fusarium bud rot, Fusarium root Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode rot Ganoderma zonatum — Ganoderma butt rot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot ASPARAGACEAE Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf and petiole spot Agave sp. (Century Plant) Phytophthora palmivora — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Bud FUNGI rot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Fusarium sp. — Fusarium leaf spot Washingtonia sp. (Washington Palm) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

FUNGI Aloe barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Stigmina palmivora — Stigmina leaf spot FUNGI

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Asarum sp. (Wild Ginger)

FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot

Aloe sp. (Aloe) Aspidistra elatior (Cast Iron plant)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Burkholderia cepacia — Soft rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium leaf spot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose

FUNGI Chlorophytum sp. (Spider Plant) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight

Asparagus officinalis (Asparagus) Liriope muscari (Lilyturf) FUNGI FUNGI Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium crown rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown and root rot Asparagus setaceus (Asparagus Fern) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown rot

FUNGI Liriope sp. (Lilyturf) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia web blight BACTERIA

Asparagus sp. (Asparagus) Pectobacterium carotovorum carotovorum — Bacterial soft rot FUNGI FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Cercospora asparagi — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal leaf, crown, root Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose and stem rot Fusarium moniliforme — Fusarium crown rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium crown rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root and stem rot rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Ophiopogon japonicus (Mondo Grass) Stemphylium sp. — Purple spot FUNGI NEMATODES Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal rot, Root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode

Ophiopogon sp. (Mondo Grass) Tricyrtis sp. (Toad Lily)

FUNGI VIRUSES

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Fusarium sp. — Damping off, Fusarium crown rot Mycoleptodiscus indicus — Leaf spot Yucca aloifolia (Dagger Plant) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium leaf spot

Polygonatum sp. (Solomon's Seal) Yucca recurvifolia (Weeping Yucca) FUNGI FUNGI Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium leaf spot Rhodea japonica (Nippon Lily)

FUNGI Yucca sp. (Yucca)

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Sansevieria trifasciata (Snake Plant) Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium leaf spot Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium leaf spot BACTERIA Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose Kellermania sp. — Leaf spot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Leptosphaeria sp. — Leptosphaeria leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot

Sansevieria sp. (Devil's Tongue) ASPLENIACEAE FUNGI Asplenium sp. (Bird's-nest Fern) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Tricyrtis hirta (Toad Lily) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phyllitis scolopendrium (Hart's Tongue Fern)

VIRUSES VIRUSES

Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus

ASTERACEAE Aster novi-belgii (Aster)

Achillea sp. (Yarrow) FUNGI

BACTERIA Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot

Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf blight Aster sp. (Aster) FUNGI FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Pythium sp. — Pythium petiole rot Alternaria tenuissima — Alternaria leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Stem rot Coleosporium asterum — Aster rust, Pine needle Ageratum sp. (Floss Flower) rust Fusarium sp. — Stem rot FUNGI Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt, Root rot Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem Puccinia grindeliae — Goldenrod rust rot Puccinia sp. — Rust Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Ramularia sp. — Ramularia leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root and Anacyclus sp. (Anacyclus) stem rot, Aerial blight, Web blight Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight FUNGI Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot

Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Calendula sp. (Calendula)

Arctotis sp. (African Daisy) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Centaurea cyanus (Bachelor's Button) Artemisia schmidtiana (Artemisia) FUNGI FUNGI Puccinia sp. — Rust Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis melting out Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Centaurea montana (Mountain Bluet)

Artemisia sp. (Wormwood) FUNGI

FUNGI Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Aerial blight

VIRUSES Pseudomonas cichorii — Bacterial leaf spot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Pseudomonas viridiflava — Bacterial leaf spot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

Centaurea sp. (Bachelor's Button) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Ascochyta sp. — Ray blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium solani — Fusarium wilt Chrysanthemum leucanthemum (Marguerite Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown root and stem Daisy) rot, Fusarium wilt Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew BACTERIA Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora root rot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown and root rot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown, root and stem rot, Aerial blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Puccinia tanaceti — Brown rust Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia web blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Chrysanthemum nipponicum (Nippon Daisy) Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Septoria chrysanthemi — Septoria leaf spot FUNGI Stemphylium sp. — Gray leaf spot, Stemphylium leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Verticillium albo-atrum — Verticillium wilt

VIRUSES VIRUSES

Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus

Chrysanthemum x superbum (Shasta Daisy) Chrysogonum sp. (Green and Gold) FUNGI FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Pythium sp. — Black leg, Pythium stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Cineraria sp. (Cineraria)

FUNGI Chrysanthemum sp. (Daisy, Mum) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot BACTERIA

Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial blight Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial blight Erwinia sp. — Bacterial blight

Coreopsis auriculata (Tick Seed) VIRUSES

BACTERIA Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot

Cosmos atrosanguineus (Cosmos) Coreopsis grandiflora (Tick Seed) FUNGI FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Plasmopara sp. — Downy mildew

Cosmos sp. (Cosmos) Coreopsis verticillata (Tick Seed) BACTERIA BACTERIA Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Pectobacterium chrysanthemi — Bacterial stem rot FUNGI Pseudomonas cichorii — Bacterial leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Phoma sp. — Phoma stem rot Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Plasmopara sp. — Downy mildew Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia foliar blight Cynara scolymus (Artichoke) Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight FUNGI

Coreopsis sp. (Tick Seed) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight BACTERIA Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight

Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot and NEMATODES blight Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola — Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Bacterial leaf spot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Dahlia sp. (Dahlia) FUNGI BACTERIA Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight, Botrytis crown Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Myrothecium roridum — Myrothecium stem and Botrytis sp. — Gray mold root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot VIRUSES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root and stem rot, Foliar blight, Web blight Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight

Dimorphotheca sinuata (Cape Marigold) Echinacea sp. (Coneflower)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial stem rot

FUNGI Doronicum orientale (Doronicum) Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

Doronicum sp. (Doronicum, Leopard’s Bane) PHYTOPLASMAS

BACTERIA Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris — Aster yellows

Pseudomonas viridiflava — Bacterial blight Eupatorium purpureum (Joe-Pye Weed) FUNGI FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot rot

Eupatorium sp. (Joe-Pye Weed) Echinacea laevigata (Smooth Purple Coneflower) FUNGI

FUNGI Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew NEMATODES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Echinacea purpurea (Purple Coneflower)

BACTERIA Euryops chrysanthemoides (African Bush Daisy) Pectobacterium chrysanthemi — Bacterial blight FUNGI FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum stem decay Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Fusarium sp. — Fusarium canker Colletotrichum leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia leaf blight Euryops pectinatus (Gray-Leaved Euryops)

FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot

Euryops sp. (Euryops) Gynura aurantiaca (Purple Passion Vine)

FUNGI FUNGI

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight

Farfugium japonicum (Leopard Plant) Helianthus annuus (Sunflower)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Alternaria sp. — Altenaria leaf spot Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

FUNGI Gaillardia x grandiflora (Blanket Flower) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Alternaria helianthi — Alternaria leaf spot, blight, and stem spot Entyloma sp. — Gaillardia white smut Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem and root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

VIRUSES Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem Artichoke) Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus FUNGI

Gaillardia sp. (Blanket Flower) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot BACTERIA Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight

FUNGI Helianthus sp. (Sunflower) Entyloma polysporum — Gaillardia white smut Entyloma sp. — Gaillardia white smut FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria helianthi — Alternaria flower, leaf and stem spot Gerbera sp. (Gerbera Daisy) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf and stem spot Alternaria zinniae — Alternaria leaf spot and BACTERIA dieback Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Web blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Heliopsis helianthoides (Oxeye) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown and root rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia crown rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Lactuca sativa (Lettuce) Marshallia grandiflora (Barbaras Buttons, Marshallia) FUNGI FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Lactuca sp. (Lettuce) Melampodium sp. (Melampodium)

FUNGI FUNGI

Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot

Leucanthemum sp. (Leucanthemum, Ryan’s VIRUSES Daisy) Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus BACTERIA

Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Osteospermum sp. (Osteospermum) Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot VIRUSES FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem, crown and Rudbeckia hirta (Black-eyed Susan) root rot FUNGI

Liatris spicata (Blazing Star) Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

FUNGI Rudbeckia sp. (Black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot BACTERIA

Liatris sp. (Blazing Star) Pectobacterium (Erwinia) chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot FUNGI FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia stem rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Colletotrichum sp. — Stem canker Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Ligularia sp. (Ligularia) Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Plasmopara halstedii — Downy mildew Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Sclerotinia sp. — Sclerotinia stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Septoria sp.— Septoria leaf spot

Santolina virens (Santolina) Stokesia sp. (Stokes’ Aster)

FUNGI FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria foliar blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Santolina sp. (Santolina) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot VIRUSES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Senecio cineraria (Dusty Miller)

FUNGI Tagetes erecta (African Marigold)

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

Senecio x hybridus (Cineraria) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Solidago rugosa (Rough Goldenrod) Tagetes patula (French Marigold)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pseudomonas solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Puccinia sp. — Rust FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Solidago sp. (Goldenrod)

FUNGI Tagetes sp. (Marigold)

Coleosporium sp. — Rust BACTERIA Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern stem blight Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Stokesia laevis (Stokes’ Aster) Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

FUNGI FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria tagetica — Alternaria leaf spot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia dieback Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf and petal blight and stem rot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot, FUNGI Fusarium wilt Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora wilt and Alternaria zinniae — Alternaria blight stem rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Gray mold Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Cercospora zinniae — Cercospora leaf spot Web blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown and root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Tithonia sp. (Mexican Sunflower) Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown FUNGI rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Xanthium sp. (Cocklebur) BALSAMINACEAE

FUNGI Impatiens x hawkeri (New Guinea Impatiens)

Puccinia xanthii — Rust FUNGI Puccinia sp. — Rust Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Zinnia angustifolia (Narrow-leaf Zinnia) Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum stem decay Myrothecium roridum — Myrothecium leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica — Phytophthora stem rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Pythium sp. — Pythium crown, root and stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot VIRUSES

Zinnia elegans (Common Zinnia) Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus BACTERIA

Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Impatiens walleriana (Impatiens)

FUNGI Zinnia sp. (Zinnia) Plasmopara obducens — Downy mildew BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot NEMATODES Xanthomonas nigromaculans — Bacterial leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

Impatiens sp. (Impatiens) Begonia sp. (Begonia)

BACTERIA BACTERIA

Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris pv. begoniae — FUNGI Bacterial leaf spot

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight, gray mold Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Botrytis leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Phytophthora nicotinae — Phytophthora root and Myrothecium sp. — Myrothecium leaf spot stem rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot Aerial blight Pythium sp. — Pythium crown, root and stem rot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot NEMATODES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root and stem rot, Stem canker Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern stem blight Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode NEMATODES VIRUSES Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus VIRUSES Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Alfamovirus — Alfalfa mosaic virus Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus BERBERIDACEAE Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Berberis x mentorensis (Mentor’s Barberry)

FUNGI

BEGONIACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum (Begonia) Berberis thunbergii (Barberry) FUNGI FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Berberis sp. (Barberry)

FUNGI

Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

Mahonia bealei (Leatherleaf Mahonia) Podophyllum peltatum (Mayapple)

FUNGI FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Puccinia podophylli — Rust

Mahonia fortunei (Chinese Mahonia) BETULACEAE

FUNGI Betula nigra (River Birch)

Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Mahonia sp. (Mahonia) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Coryneum betulinum — Twig dieback Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis stem gall Cryptocline betularum — Cryptocline leaf spot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Nandina domestica (Nandina, Dwarf Nandina) Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot FUNGI Phyllosticta betulina — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Betula sp. (Birch) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI VIRUSES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Capillovirus — Nandina stem pitting virus Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Cryptocline betularum — Cryptocline leaf spot Potexvirus — Plantago asiatica mosaic virus Cylindrosporium betulae — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Nandina sp. (Nandina) Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella stem canker Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot FUNGI Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phyllosticta betulina — Phyllosticta leaf spot Cercospora nandinae — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf sot BIGNONIACEAE Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Bignonia sp. (Bignonia) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot BACTERIA VIRUSES Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus

Campsis grandiflora (Chinese Trumpet Flower) Lithodora sp. (Lithodora)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Acidovorax sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

Catalpa sp. (Catawba) Myosotis scorpioides (Forget-Me-Not)

FUNGI FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia crown rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phyllosticta catalpae — Phyllosticta leaf spot Myosotis sp. (Forget-Me-Not) NEMATODES FUNGI Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root BORAGINACEAE rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Anchusa sp. (Bugloss)

FUNGI Pulmonaria sp. (Lungwort)

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Borago sp. (Borage) NEMATODES FUNGI Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Ditylenchus dipsaci — Stem and bulb nematode

BRASSICACEAE Brunnera sp. (Bugloss) Alyssum sp. (Madwort) FUNGI BACTERIA Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot

Lithodora diffusa (Grace Ward Lithodora) FUNGI

FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight

Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Arabis sp. (Rockcress) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root, crown, and stem rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot

Arugula sp. (Arugula) Brassica juncea var. foliosa (Broadleaf Mustard) FUNGI BACTERIA Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Pythium sp. — Black leg, Pythium stem rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

FUNGI Aubrieta sp. (Rock Cress) Cercosporella sp. — White leaf spot FUNGI Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew

Botrytis sp. — Botrytis crown rot Brassica napus (Canola)

Brassica chinensis (Bok Choy) FUNGI

FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia blight Sclerotinia sp. — Sclerotinia stem rot

Brassica juncea (Mustard) NEMATODES

BACTERIA Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode

Xanthomonas campestris —Bacterial black rot Brassica napus (Rape) FUNGI BACTERIA Albugo sp. — White rust Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot and stem rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cercosporella sp. — White leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot, Wilt Peronospora parasitica — Downy mildew Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Damping off Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot VIRUSES

NEMATODES Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus

Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Brassica napus var. napobrassica — Rutabaga, VIRUSES Swedish Turnip)

Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus NEMATODES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Brassica juncea var. crispifolia (Southern Curled Mustard) Brassica napus var. solidiflora (Rutabaga) BACTERIA FUNGI Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Alternaria brassicola — Alternaria leaf spot

Cercospora brassicola — Cercospora leaf spot VIRUSES Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus NEMATODES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Brassica oleracea var. acephala (Kale)

BACTERIA Brassica oleracea var. acephala (Collards) Erwinia carotovora — Soft rot BACTERIA Pseudomonas marginalis — Bacterial leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot FUNGI Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Xanthomonas sp. — Black rot Alternaria brassicicola — Black leaf spot Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium yellows Alternaria brassicola — Alternaria leaf spot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia stem rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cercosporella sp. — White leaf spot Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (Broccoli) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot FUNGI Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt, Fusarium Alternaria brassicola — Alternaria leaf spot yellows Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot, Wilt Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Peronospora parasitica — Downy mildew Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Peronospora parasitica — Downy mildew Phoma lingam — Phoma leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Rhizoctonia solani — Wire stem disease Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Wire stem disease Plasmodiophora brassicae — clubroot Scerotinia sclerotiorum —White rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Sclerotinia sp. — Watery soft rot Damping off Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot NEMATODES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Damping off, Wire stem disease Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia stem rot, Watery soft rot Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (Cauliflower)

NEMATODES BACTERIA

Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance FUNGI nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Peronospora parasitica —Downy mildew Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode NEMATODES Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Trichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Brassica rapa (Pak Choy)

FUNGI Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Cabbage) Cercosporella sp. — White leaf spot BACTERIA

Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Brassica rapa var. lorifolia (Turnip) Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot BACTERIA Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot FUNGI Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Alternaria brassicola — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Alternaria brassicola — Alternaria leaf spot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium yellows Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt Cercospora brassicae — Cercospora leaf spot Peronospora parasitica — Downy mildew Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Cercosporella brassicae — White leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Damping off Cercosporella sp. — White leaf spot Rhizoctonia solani — Wire stem disease Colletotrichum higginsianum — Anthracnose Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Wire Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose stem disease, Stem canker Curvularia sp. — Basal stem rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White rot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium yellows Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf NEMATODES spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Peronospora parasitica — Downy mildew Pseudocercosporella capsellae — White leaf spot Pythium irregulare — Pythium root rot Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera (Brussels Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sprouts) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

FUNGI NEMATODES

Alternaria sp. —Alternaria leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Brassica pekinensis (Napa, Chinese Cabbage) Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode BACTERIA VIRUSES Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Cauliomvirus — Cauliflower mosaic virus FUNGI Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus

Pythium sp. — Black leg, Pythium stem rot Brassica sp. (Ornamental Cabbage)

BACTERIA

Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot

FUNGI Iberis sempervirens (Candytuft)

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot BACTERIA Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pseudomonas aeruginosa — Bacterial blight Pseudomonas cichorii — Leaf and stem necrosis Capsella bursa-pastoris (Shepherd's Purse) Pseudomonas viridiflava — Bacterial stem rot Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani — Radish BACTERIA bacterial black rot

Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Cardamine sp. (Cardamine) Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot BACTERIA

Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Iberis sp. (Candytuft)

BACTERIA Coronopus didymus (Swinecress) Pseudomonas viridiflava — Bacterial stem rot BACTERIA Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Erysimum repandum (Wallflower) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem and root rot, Fusarium wilt FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, rot Damping off

NEMATODES Erysimum linfolium (Wallflower) Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode BACTERIA

Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial blight Lepidium sp. (Peppergrass)

BACTERIA Erysimum sp. (Wallflower) Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial spot BACTERIA

Xanthomonas campestris — Black rot Lobularia sp. (Alyssum) Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria — Bacterial leaf spot FUNGI Xanthomonas sp. — Black rot Phoma/Ascochyta sp. — Phoma crown rot FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight

Matthiola sp. (Stock) Paecilomyces buxi — Boxwood decline Paecilomyces sp. — Boxwood decline FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root and stem rot BUXACEAE Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Buxus harlandii (Harland’s Boxwood) rot Pseudonectria buxi — Canker, Volutella blight FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and crown rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Volutella buxi — Volutella blight Volutella sp. — Volutella blight Buxus microphylla (Japanese Boxwood, Korean Boxwood) NEMATODES

FUNGI Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Colletotrichum sp. — Crown rot nematode Colletotrichum theobromicola — Colletotrichum Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode dieback Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma twig dieback Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora nicotinae — Phytophthora root rot Buxus sp. (Boxwood) Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Volutella buxi — Volutella blight Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Volutella sp. — Volutella dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight NEMATODES Cephalosporium sp. — Dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown canker, Root rot Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum leaf spot, Blight Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Macrophoma candollei —Macrophoma leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf blight, Macrophoma dieback Nectria cinnabarina — Nectria canker Buxus sempervirens (American Boxwood, Oxysporus sp. — White root rot Dwarf Boxwood, English Boxwood) Paecilomyces sp. — Boxwood decline Phoma sp. — Phoma dieback FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker, Dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot, Dieback rot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf necrosis Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot, Twig and stem rot dieback, Twig blight, Leaf blight, Boxwood Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot decline Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot, root Nectria sp. — Nectria canker rot, and branch blight

Pseudonectria rousseliana — Pseudonectria Echinopsis multiplex (Easter Lily Cactus) canker Pseudonectria sp. — Pseudonectria canker FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Damping Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose off Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Verticillium tenerum — Verticillium wilt Echinopsis sp. (Cactus) Volutella buxi — Volutella leaf and stem blight, Dieback FUNGI Volutella sp. — Volutella blight, Dieback Alternaria sp. — Alternaria scab NEMATODES

Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Opuntia sp. (Prickly Pear Cactus) Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode BACTERIA Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance nematode Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Hoplolaimus galeatus — Lance nematode Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Schlumbergera bridgesii (Christmas Cactus) Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode BACTERIA

Pachysandra terminalis (Japanese Spurge) Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot

FUNGI FUNGI

Volutella pachysandrae — Volutella blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal rot, Stem rot

Pachysandra sp. (Spurge) Schlumbergera truncata (Thanksgiving Cactus)

FUNGI FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Volutella pachysandrae — Volutella leaf and stem blight CALYCANTHACEAE Volutella sp. — Volutella leaf and stem blight Calycanthus sp. (Sweet Shrub)

CACTACEAE FUNGI

Cereus sp. (Cactus) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI

Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose

CAMPANULACEAE Platycodon grandiflorus (Balloon Flower)

Adenophora sp. (Ladybells) FUNGI

VIRUSES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Phoma sp. — Phoma blight and dieback Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown rot

Campanula medium (Canterbury Bells) Platycodon sp. (Balloon Flower) FUNGI FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Laurentia fluviatilis (Blue Star Creeper) VIRUSES FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot

VIRUSES CANNACEAE

Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Canna generalis (Canna)

BACTERIA Lobelia cardinalis (Cardinal Flower) Acidovorax avenae — Bacterial leaf spot FUNGI

Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Canna sp. (Canna Lily) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot BACTERIA

VIRUSES Acidovorax avenae — Bacterial blight Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus FUNGI

Lobelia sp. (Lobelia) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cylindrocarpon sp. — Cylindrocarpon crown rot FUNGI Fusarium sp. — Fusarium bulb, rhizome and root rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Penicillium sp. — Blue mold Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Puccinia sp. — Rust VIRUSES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus VIRUSES

Badnavirus — Canna yellow mottle virus Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus

CAPRIFOLIACEAE Viburnum japonica (Japanese Viburnum)

Abelia grandiflora (Glossy Abelia) FUNGI

FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot Cercospora abeliae — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Viburnum macrocephalum (Chinese Snowball) NEMATODES FUNGI Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot

Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle) Viburnum obovatum (Small-leaf Arrowhead) FUNGI FUNGI Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root and stem rot Lonicera sempervirens (Trumpet Honeysuckle) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora blight

FUNGI Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki (Sweet Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Viburnum) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI

Lonicera sp. (Honeysuckle) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown and root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot

Viburnum odoratissimum (Sweet Viburnum) Viburnum chindo (Viburnum) FUNGI FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma blight Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot

Viburnum davidii (David Viburnum) Viburnum opulus (Cranberry Bush, Snowball FUNGI Bush)

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum stem decay Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cercospora viburnicola — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Viburnum suspensum (Sandankwa Viburnum) Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Weigela sp. (Weigela) Phyllosticta punctata — Phyllosticta leaf spot Plasmopara viburni — Downy mildew FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Viburnum tinus (Laurustinus)

FUNGI CARYOPHYLLACEAE

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Arenaria montana (Mountain Sandwort) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Microsphaera sparsa — Powdery mildew FUNGI Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Alternaria sp. — Alternaria blight and crown rot Phytophthora ramorum — Ramorum blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Leaf Dianthus barbatus (Sweet William) blight Plasmopara viburni — Downy mildew FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot, Wilt NEMATODES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and crown rot Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode

VIRUSES Dianthus caryophyllus (Carnation)

Alfamovirus — Alfalfa mosaic virus FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot, Fusarium wilt Viburnum sp. (Viburnum)

FUNGI Dianthus gratianopolitanus (Cheddar Pink, Dianthus) Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria FUNGI canker and dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf spot, dieback Stem decay Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf spot Dianthus knappii (Dianthus) Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root and crown rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Phytophthora blight

Dianthus sp. (Dianthus, Pink) Euonymus japonicus (Japanese Spindle Tree)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Burkholderia andropogonis — Bacterial leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI

Alternaria dianthi — Alternaria leaf spot Euonymus japonicus var. microphylla (Boxleaf Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot, Blight, Euonymus) Stem rot Cladosporium sp. — Fairy ring leaf spot FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Stem rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root and stem Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown rot Euonymus sp. (Euonymus) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot, Leaf blight BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root and Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall stem rot FUNGI

Sagina subulata (Irish Moss) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and FUNGI dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Puccinia arenariae — Rust Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Anthracnose Rhizoctonia sp. — Aerial blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gloeosporium frigidum — Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Silene sp. (Campion) Oidium euonymi-japonici — Powdery mildew Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Phyllosticta euonymi — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot CELASTRACEAE Rhizoctonia sp. — Thread blight Sphaceloma euonymi-japonica — Scab Euonymus fortunei (Wintercreeper) Sphaceloma sp. — Scab

FUNGI CEPHALOTAXACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Plum Yew)

Euonymus fortunei var. coloratus (Purple FUNGI Wintercreeper) Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Cephalotaxus harringtonia drupacea (Japanese CLUSIACEAE Plum Yew) Hypericum androsaemum (St. John's Wort) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root and rot crown rot

Hypericum ascyron (Great St. John's Wort) CHENOPODIACEAE FUNGI Beta vulgaris (Beet) Colletotrichum sp. — Stem anthracnose FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Hypericum calycinum (Creeping St. John’s Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Wort) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI NEMATODES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Hypericum perforatum (Common St. John's Beta vulgaris var. cicla (Swiss Chard) Wort)

FUNGI FUNGI

Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern stem blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) Hypericum sp. (St. John's Wort)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Albugo occidentalis — White rust Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium leaf spot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Damping off Rhizoctonia sp. — Damping off Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback NEMATODES and canker Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum stem and Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode crown rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot VIRUSES Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Uromyces triquetrus — Rust

COMMELINACEAE Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, stem and surface rot, Stem canker Tradescantia pallida (Purple Queen) Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus soft rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight, Circular FUNGI spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Trichoderma sp. — Punky rot

NEMATODES Tradescantia sp. (Wandering Jew) Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode FUNGI Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot VIRUSES

Potyvirus — Sweet potato feathery mottle virus CONVOLVULACEAE

Dichondra sp. (Dichondra) Ipomoea sp. (Morning Glory)

FUNGI FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Albugo ipomoeae — White rust Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae — White rust Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Coleosporium ipomoeae — Rust Ipomoea batatas (Sweet Potato) Coleosporium sp. — Rust Colletotrichum sp. — Leaf spot BACTERIA Puccinia sp. — Rust

Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Streptomyces ipomoea — Soil rot CORNACEAE

FUNGI Aucuba japonica (Japanese Aucuba)

Ceratocystis sp. — Black rot FUNGI Ceratostomella fimbriata — Black rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Colletotrichum stem decay Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Diplodia gossypina — Java black rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium surface rot, Fusarium wilt NEMATODES Fusarium solani — Fusarium surface rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium end, root and surface Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode rot; Stem canker; Wilt Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot VIRUSES Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Monilochaetes infuscans — Scurf Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Monilochaetes sp. — Scurf Penicillium sp. — Blue mold Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Aucuba sp. (Aucuba) Cornus florida (Flowering Dogwood)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Discula destructiva — Dogwood anthracnose Botryosphaeria sp. — Dieback Elsinoe corni — Spot anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Microsphaera penicillata — Powdery mildew Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phyllostitica sp. — Phyllostitica leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot and crown rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot

NEMATODES VIRUSES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Nepovirus — Cherry leaf roll virus

VIRUSES Cornus florida rubra (Pink Flowering Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Dogwood)

FUNGI Cornus alba elegantissima (Variegated Red- twig Dogwood) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Twig dieback Cornus kousa (Kousa Dogwood)

BACTERIA Cornus canadensis (Bunchberry) Enterobacter nimipressuralis — Bacterial FUNGI wetwood, Slime flux

Cylindrocladium sp. — Damping off FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, Cornus controversa (Giant Dogwood) canker, and twig blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Phoma sp. — Phoma blight and dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback and canker Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot

Cornus sp. (Dogwood) Nyssa sylvatica (Black Gum)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback FUNGI and canker Cercospora sp. — Leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Leaf spot Botryosphaeria ribis — Botryosphaeria dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Tubakia dryina — Tubakia leaf spot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker, Nyssa sp. (Black Gum) twig blight and dieback Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis leaf necrosis FUNGI Cercospora cornicola — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum acutatum — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose NEMATODES Discula destructiva — Dogwood anthracnose Discula sp. — Dogwood anthracnose Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Elsinoe corni — Spot anthracnose Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Elsinoe veneta — Anthracnose Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium canker CRASSULACEAE Glomerella sp. — Twig dieback Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma twig blight Crassula arborescens (Jade Plant) Microsphaera pulchra — Powdery mildew Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Phoma sp. — Phoma dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback, Blight, Leaf spot Kalanchoe tubiflora (Chandelier Plant) Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora leaf blight Armillaria tabescens — Armillaria root rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Kalanchoe sp. (Kalanchoe) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Septobasidium sp. — Brown felt fungus FUNGI Septoria cornicola — Septoria leaf spot Septoria floridae — Septoria leaf spot Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium root rot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem blight NEMATODES Sphaerotheca humuli var. fuliginea — Powdery mildew Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode

Sedum acre (Golden Carpet) Sedum sp. (Sedum)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI

Sedum reflexum (Sedum) Alternaria alternata — Alternaria stem canker Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Crown rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot stem rot Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora crown and stem and rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem Sedum rupestre ‘Angelina’ (Sedum angelina) rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia basal stem rot

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and stem rot Sempervivum sp. (Hen and Chicks)

FUNGI Sedum sieboldii (Sedum) Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium leaf base rot and root Botrytis sp. — Botrytis stem rot rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Macrophomina sp. — Macrophomina leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem and root rot Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot Sedum spectabile (Sedum, Stonecrop) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

BACTERIA CUCURBITACEAE Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Pectobacterium chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Choanephora sp. — Choanephora wet rot Acidovorax avenae — Watermelon fruit blotch Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli — Watermelon Myrothecium sp. — Myrothecium stem rot fruit blotch Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora stem rot Erwinia tracheiphila — Bacterial wilt Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

FUNGI Sedum spurium (Sedum) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Cercospora citrullina — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cladosporium cucumerina — Scab Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Colletotrichum orbiculare — Anthracnose

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Didymella bryoniae — Gummy stem blight Didymella bryoniae — Gummy stem blight Didymella sp. — Gummy stem blight Didymella melonis — Gummy stem blight Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum — Fusarium Didymella sp. — Gummy stem blight wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown and root rot, Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root, seedling Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot and stem rot, Fusarium wilt Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Mycosphaerella citrullina — Gummy stem blight Phoma sp. — Gummy stem blight Mycosphaerella sp. — Gummy stem blight Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis — Downy mildew Phoma cucurbitacearum — Gummy stem blight Pseudoperonospora sp. — Downy mildew Phoma sp. — Gummy stem blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora capsici — Phytophthora crown and Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Pseudoperonospora cubensis — Downy mildew Sphaerotheca fuliginea — Powdery mildew Pseudoperonospora sp. — Downy mildew Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Damping off NEMATODES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Damping off Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Sphaerotheca fuliginea — Powdery mildew Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot VIRUSES

NEMATODES Comovirus — Squash mosaic virus Nepovirus — Tobacco ringspot virus Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 1 Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 2 Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Potyvirus — Zucchini yellow mosaic virus Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode

VIRUSES Cucumis sativus (Cucumber)

Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus BACTERIA Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 1 Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 2 Erwinia tracheiphila — Bacterial wilt Potyvirus — Zucchini yellow mosaic virus Pseudomonas lachrymans — Angular leaf spot Pseudomonas sp. — Angular leaf spot

Cucumis melo (Cantaloupe, Honeydew Melon) FUNGI

BACTERIA Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Target spot Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Colletotrichum orbiculare — Anthracnose Erwinia tracheiphila — Bacterial wilt Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pseudomonas sp. — Angular leaf spot Corynespora sp. — Target spot Didymella bryoniae — Gummy stem blight FUNGI Didymella sp. — Gummy stem blight Fusarium sp. — Damping off, Fusarium stem rot Alternaria alternata — Alternaria leaf spot Mycosphaerella citrullina — Gummy stem blight Alternaria cucumerina — Alternaria leaf spot, Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Leaf blight Phoma cucurbitacearum — Gummy stem blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot, Leaf blight Pseudoperonospora cubensis — Downy mildew Cercospora citrullina — Cercospora leaf spot Pseudoperonospora sp. — Downy mildew

Pythium aphanidermatum — Cottony leak Cucurbita pepo (Squash, Zucchini) Pythium sp. — Pythium crown, root and stem rot, Damping off FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot NEMATODES Choanephora cucurbitarum — Choanephora fruit rot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Pseudoperonospora cubensis — Downy mildew Hoplolaimus columbus — Lance nematode Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode NEMATODES Rotylenchulus reniformis — Reniform nematode Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

VIRUSES VIRUSES

Comovirus — Squash mosaic virus Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 1 Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 1 Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 2 Potyvirus — Zucchini yellow mosaic virus Potyvirus — Zucchini yellow mosaic virus

Cucumis sp. (Melons) Cucurbita sp. (Gourd, Pumpkin, Squash)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Phoma cucurbitacearum — Gummy stem blight Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot

FUNGI Cucurbita maxima (Squash) Alternaria cucumerina — Alternaria leaf blight FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cercospora citrullina — Cercospora leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Choanephora cucurbitarum — Choanephora fruit rot, Blossom blight Colletotrichum orbiculare — Anthracnose Cucurbita moschata (Butternut Squash, Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Crookneck Squash) Didymella sp. — Gummy stem blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot, FUNGI Damping off, Fruit rot Microdochium tabacina — Microdochium blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown and root rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phoma sp. — Gummy stem blight Phoma sp. — Gummy stem blight, Phoma leaf Phytophthora capsici — Phytophthora crown rot spot and root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora stem rot Sclerotinia sp. — Sclerotinia stem rot Pseudoperonospora cubensis — Downy mildew Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot VIRUSES Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia crown and stem rot Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Petiole rot Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus fruit rot

NEMATODES

Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Chamaecyparis sp. (False Cypress) Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode FUNGI VIRUSES Kabatina sp. — Kabatina tip blight Comovirus — Squash mosaic virus Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight Nepovirus — Tobacco ringspot virus Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Nepovirus — Tomato ringspot virus Potyvirus — Papaya ringspot virus - w Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus Cryptomeria globosa (Cryptomeria) Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 1 Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 2 FUNGI Potyvirus — Zucchini yellow mosaic virus Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Luffa sp. (Loofah) Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese Cedar) FUNGI FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria needle necrosis Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback CUPRESSACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (Lawson False and tip blight Cypress) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, canker and tip blight FUNGI Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta needle spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia foliar blight, Aerial blight, Web blight

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Hinoki and Dwarf Hinoki False Cypress) Cryptomeria sp. (Cryptomeria)

FUNGI FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora needle necrosis Cylindrocladium sp. — Root rot Macrophoma sp. — Sphaeropsis shoot blight Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sawara Falsecypress) Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot FUNGI Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Needle blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, Needle Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback necrosis Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Chamaecyparis thyoides (Atlantic White Cedar) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI

Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Cunninghamia sp. (China Fir) NEMATODES

FUNGI Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode

Botryosphaeria sp. — Leaf necrosis Cupressus arizonica (Arizona Cypress) x Cupressocyparis leylandii (Leyland Cypress) FUNGI

BACTERIA Gymnosporangium sp. – Rust Passalora sequoiae – Needle cast Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight

FUNGI Cupressus sempervirens (Italian Cypress) Asperisporium sequoiae — Asperisporium needle blight, Cercospora needle blight FUNGI Asperisporium sp. — Cercospora needle blight Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryodiplodia dieback and Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and canker dieback Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and canker dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Macrophoma sp. — Twig blight dieback Passalora seqoiae — Needle cast, Needle blight Cercospora sequoiae — Cercospora needle blight Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis canker and Cercospora sp. — Cercospora needle blight dieback Cercosporidium sequoiae — Cercosporidium Seridium unicorne — Seridium canker needle blight Seiridium sp. — Seiridium canker and dieback Cercosporidium sp. — Cercosporidium needle blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cupressus sp. (Cypress) Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum branch dieback Kabatina sp. — Kabatina tip blight FUNGI Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma twig blight, Sphaeropsis shoot blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Monochaetia sp. — Monochaetia canker Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia needle necrosis Passalora sequoiae — Needle cast Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight Phomopsis sp. —Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta needle blight rot Phytophthora cactorum — Phytophthora root and Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora crown Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot and root rot Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Juniperus chinensis (Juniper – ‘Blue Point’, Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot ‘Hetzi’, ‘Old Gold’, ‘Pfitzer’, ‘San Jose’, Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot ‘Sargent’, ‘Sea Green’) Seiridium unicorne — Seiridium canker and dieback, Cypress canker FUNGI Seiridium sp. — Seiridium canker Sphaeropsis sapinea — Sphaeropsis canker Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis twig canker, Graphium sp. — Black mildew Dieback Kabatina juniperi — Kabatina tip blight Kabatina sp. — Kabatina tip blight

Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight, Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Tip blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight, Dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Juniperus horizontalis (Creeping Juniper) Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback FUNGI

Juniperus chinensis var. pfitzeriana (Gold Tip Alternaria sp. — Alternaria needle blight Pfitzer Juniper) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Needle blight Juniperus communis (Common Juniper)

FUNGI Juniperus procumbens (Japanese Garden Juniper) Diplodia pinea — Diplodia tip blight Kabatina juniperi - Kabatina tip blight FUNGI Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis tip blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Juniperus conferta (Shore Juniper)

FUNGI Juniperus scopulorum (Skyrocket Juniper)

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria needle blight FUNGI Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryodiploidia sp. — Botryodiploidia stem rot, Gymnosporanigium clavipes — Cedar-quince rust dieback, and canker Gymnosporangium sp. — Rust Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback Kabatina sp. — Kabatina tip blight Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight Juniperus squamata (Himalayan Juniper) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight, Dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot and canker Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Needle blight Sphaeropsis sp. — Tip bight Juniperus stricta (Juniper)

FUNGI Juniperus davurica (Parsons Juniper) Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia dieback FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria needle blight Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Red Cedar, Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Needle blight Juniper) Phomopsis juniperovora — Phomopsis twig blight BACTERIA Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight, Dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Needle spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Foliar Cytospora sp. — Twig blight blight, Needle blight, Aerial blight Diaporthe sp. — Branch tip blight Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback Fomes annosus — Timber rot Gymnosporangium clavipes — Rust NEMATODES Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae — Cedar-apple rust Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Gymnosporangium sp. — Cedar-apple rust Kabatina juniperi — Kabatina tip blight Kabatina sp. — Kabatina tip blight Sequoia sempervirens (Redwood) Phomopsis juniperovora — Phomopsis twig blight, Dieback FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight, Dieback Pseudocercospora juniperi — Needle blight Passalora sequoiae — Needle cast, Needle blight

Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola (Southern Taxodium distichum (Bald Cypress) Red Cedar) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Gymnosporangium sp. — Stem rust dieback Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker

Juniperus sp. (Juniper) Thuja occidentalis (Arborvitae, ‘Blue Cone’ FUNGI Arborvitae)

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria needle blight FUNGI Armillaria mellea — Oak root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot dieback Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora needle blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Needle necrosis, Twig necrosis Thuja plicata (Western Red Cedar) Diplodia sp. — Diplodia tip blight Fomes sp. — Timber rot FUNGI Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown and root rot Gymnosporangium clavipes — Quince rust Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae — Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma dieback Cedar-apple rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Kabatina juniperi — Kabatina tip blight Kabatina sp. — Kabatina tip blight Lophodermium sp. — Lophodermium needle cast Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma blight, dieback Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight

Thuja standishii x plicata ‘Green Giant’ (Green CYPERACEAE Giant Arborvitae) Carex pendula (Japanese Sedge Grass) FUNGI FUNGI Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma blight and Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose dieback

Carex sp. (Sedge) Thuja sp. (Arborvitae) FUNGI FUNGI Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria branch Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Blight Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback Cyperus esculentus (Yellow Nut Sedge) Kabatina sp. — Kabatina leaf spot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma blight and FUNGI dieback Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis tip blight Puccinia canaliculata — Rust Phoma sp. — Phoma needle blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown DIAPENSIACEAE rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Shortia galacifolia (Oconee Bells) Seiridium unicorne — Seiridium canker Sphaeropsis sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback FUNGI

Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight CYCADACEAE

Cycas revoluta (Sago Palm) DIPSACACEAE

FUNGI Scabiosa columbaria (Pincushion Flower)

Botryodiploidia sp. — Botryodiploidia stem rot FUNGI and canker Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and crown rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

Cycas sp. (Sago Palm) Scabiosa sp. (Pincushion Flower) FUNGI BACTERIA Coniothyrium sp. — Leaf spot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial blight Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI

Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot

Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Nephrolepis sp. (Sword Fern) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, crown, stem and leaf rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia crown and Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight stem rot, White mold Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot

EBENACEAE

DRYOPTERIDACEAE Diospyros kaki (Japanese Persimmon)

Cyrtomium falcatum (Holly Fern) FUNGI

FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig dieback

Fusarium solani — Fusarium root and stem rot Phoma sp. — Phoma rot Diospyros virginiana (Common Persimmon) Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot FUNGI

Passalora sp. — Passalora leaf spot Cyrtomium sp. (Holly Fern)

FUNGI Diospyros sp. (Persimmon)

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown rot FUNGI

NEMATODES Armillaria tabescens — Armillaria root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, Twig dieback Dryopteris erythrosora (Japanese Shield Fern) Physalospora sp. — Black rot

FUNGI ELAEAGNACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Phoma sp. — Phoma blight and dieback Elaeagnus sp. (Elaeagnus)

FUNGI Nephrolepis exaltata (Boston Fern) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia aerial blight, Root rot, Web blight

EQUISETACEAE Leucothoe fontanesiana (Drooping Leucothoe)

Equisetum sp. (Horsetail) FUNGI

FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot

ERICACEAE Leucothoe populifolia (Florida Leucothoe) Arctostaphylos sp. (Strawberry Tree, Manzanita) FUNGI

FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Leaf spot

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Leucothoe sp. (Leucothoe)

Calluna vulgaris (Heather) FUNGI

FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora dieback Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose Leveillula sp. — Powdery mildew VIRUSES Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma dieback Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Kalmia latifolia (Mountain Laurel) Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker Phytophthora ramorum — Ramorum blight Oxydendrum arboreum (Sourwood) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Phytophthora blight FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Leucothoe axillaris (Coastal Leucothoe) Cristulariella moricola — Zonate leaf spot Fusicladium sp. — Fusicladium leaf spot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker Pieris japonica (Japanese Andromeda) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, canker, twig blight Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis leaf, stem, and twig blight; Gray mold

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Rhododendron indicum (Southern Indica Colletotrichum leaf spot Azalea) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis tip blight and canker Phytophthora hibernalis — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Phytophthora lateralis — Phytophthora leaf and twig blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora leaf blight, Ovulinia azaleae — Ovulinia petal blight Phytophthora root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Pieris taiwanensis (Formosan Pieris) Rhododendron maximum (Rosebay FUNGI Rhododendron)

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora leaf blight FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Pieris sp. (Pieris)

FUNGI Rhododendron x obtusum ‘Hinodegiri’ (Hinodegiri Azalea) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Aerial Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback blight Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Rhododendron x aromi (Aromi Azalea) Rhododendron schlippenbachii (Royal Azalea) FUNGI FUNGI Pucciniastrum vaccinii — Pucciniastrum leaf rust Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhododendron carolinianum (Carolina Rhododendron) Rhododendron simsii formosa (Formosa FUNGI Azalea)

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback FUNGI

Phomposis sp.— Phompsis tip blight and canker Rhododendron catawbiense (Catawba Rhododendron) Rhododendron sp. (Azalea) FUNGI BACTERIA Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall and crown rot Phytophthora ramorum — Ramorum blight FUNGI Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot, Oak root rot

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode dieback Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Botrytis sp. — Botrytis petal blight, tip dieback Briosia azaleae — Bud and twig blight Rhododendron sp. (Rhododendron) Cercospora handelii — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Angular ALGAE leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot, Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot stem rot, twig dieback, Anthracnose Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium stem rot FUNGI Elsinoe sp. — Spot anthracnose Exobasidium azaleae — Exobasidium leaf gall Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Exobasidium vaccinii — Exobasidium leaf gall Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Exobasidium sp. — Exobasidium leaf gall, Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Witch's broom Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and crown rot Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Exobasidium sp. — Yellow leaf spot Glomerella cingulata — Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose Glomerella cingulata — Anthracnose Heterobasidion annosum — Annosum root rot Mycosphaerella sp. — Leaf spot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Microsphaera alni — Powdery mildew Ovulinia azaleae — Ovulinia petal blight Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Pestalotiopsis sp. — Gray blight Ovulinia azaleae — Ovulinia petal blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback, Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback and canker, Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Leaf spot, Leaf necrosis, Leaf blight, Stem blight, Phytophthora cactorum — Phytophthora dieback Crown rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Phyllactinia sp. — Powdery mildew rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot rot Phytophthora ramorum — Ramorum blight Phytophthora nicotinae — Phytophthora crown Phytophthora syringae — Phytophthora twig and root rot blight Phytophthora syringae — Phytophthora twig Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora blight and blight dieback, Root and crown rot, Wilt, Aerial stem Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora blight and blight dieback, Root rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pucciniastrum myrtilli — Pucciniastrum leaf rust Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Pucciniastrum vaccinii — Pucciniastrum leaf rust Sphaceloma sp. — Anthracnose Pucciniastrum sp. — Pucciniastrum leaf rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia blight, Web Vaccinium arboreum (Sparkleberry) blight, Root rot, Foliar blight Septoria azaleae — Septoria leaf spot FUNGI Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Ophiodothella vaccinii — Fly speck leaf spot NEMATODES

Ahelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Vaccinium ashei (Rabbiteye Blueberry) Vaccinium sp. (Blueberry)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria stem Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall canker Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria stem FUNGI canker Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora stem blotch, Botryosphaeria corticis — Botryosphaeria canker Dieback Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium root rot canker and dieback Glomerella sp. — Glomerella leaf spot Botryosphaeria ribis — Botryosphaeria dieback Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight, dieback Phomopsis leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Stem rot blight Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Diaporthe sp. — Diaporthe twig blight Dothichiza sp. — Dothichiza leaf spot Dothiorella sp. — Stem canker Vaccinium augustifolium (Lowbush Blueberry) Exobasidium sp. — Exobasidium leaf gall Gloeosporium cingulata — Anthracnose FUNGI Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi — Mummy berry Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, Twig blight Vaccinium corymbosum (Highbush Blueberry) Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root BACTERIA rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora branch blight, Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria twig blight NEMATODES Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gloeosporium minus — Leaf spot, Stem canker Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and twig Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode blight Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Phytophthora sp. — crown and root rot

EUPHORBIACEAE Vaccinium crassifolium (Creeping Blueberry) Euphorbia amygdaloides (Euphorbia) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria canker Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pucciniastrum vaccinii — Leaf rust Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and stem rot Fusarium sp. — Crown and stem rot

Euphorbia lactea (Mottled Spurge) Arachis hypogaea (Peanut)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

FUNGI Euphorbia x martini (Spurge) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Ascochyta sp. — Web blotch Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Aspergillus sp. — Aspergillus crown rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria stem and pod rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Euphorbia pulcherrima (Poinsettia) Cercospora arachidicola — Early leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot BACTERIA Cercosporidium personatum — Late leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Black mold Corynebacterium sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial stem rot Cylindrocladium crotalariae — Cylindrocladium Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial stem rot black rot, Pod rot Erwinia sp. — Bacterial stem rot, Bacterial soft Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium black rot rot, Pod rot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Didymella sp. — Gummy stem blight Diplodia sp. — Diplodia stem rot FUNGI Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root, pod and Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot stem rot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight, Gray mold Leptosphaerulina crassiasca — Leaf scorch Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Leptosphaerulina sp. — Pepper spot Cladosporium sp. — Leaf necrosis Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Neocosmophora sp. — Neocosmospora stem rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal stem rot, Stem Passalora personata — Late leaf spot rot Phoma arachidicola — Web blotch Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora stem rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem and root rot Puccinia sp. — Rust Pythium myriotylum — Pod soft rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root, pod and stem rot Euphorbia sp. (Euphorbia) Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia pod rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Damping off, Rhizoctonia BACTERIA root, pod and stem rot, Rhizoctonia foliar blight, Rhizoctonia limb blight, Web blight Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus seedling blight Sclerotinia sp. — Sclerotinia blight Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight FABACEAE Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt

Albizia julibrissin (Mimosa) NEMATODES

FUNGI Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines — Bacterial pustule VIRUSES Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial pustule

Cucumovirus — Peanut stunt virus FUNGI Potyvirus — Peanut mottle virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus - l Calonectria crotalariae — Red crown rot Calonectria sp. — Red crown rot Cercospora kikuchii — Frogeye leaf spot, Purple Cassia sp. (Senna) seed stain Cercospora sojina — Frogeye leaf spot FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Frogeye leaf spot, Purple seed stain Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Colletotrichum dematium — Anthracnose Colletotrichum truncatum — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cercis canadensis (Eastern Redbud) Corynespora cassiicola — Target spot Corynespora sp. — Target spot FUNGI Cylindrocladium crotalariae — Red crown rot Cylindrocladium sp. — Red crown rot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Diaporthe phaseolorum — Pod and stem blight canker and diebck Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora — Pod and Cercospora cercidicola — Cercospora leaf spot stem blight Mycosphaerella cercidicola — Mycosphaerella Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae — Pod and leaf spot stem blight Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Diaporthe sp. — Pod and stem blight, Stem Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot canker Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium virguliforme — Soybean sudden death syndrome Cercis siliquastrum (Judas Tree) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium pod, collar, root and stem rot; Sudden death syndrome, Fusarium wilt FUNGI Glomerella cingulata — Anthracnose Glomerella glycines — Anthracnose Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot, Ashy Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot stem blight Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Cercis sp. (Redbud) Mycosphaerella sp. — Brown spot Neocomospora vasinfecta — Neocosmospora root FUNGI rot Neocosmopora sp. — Neocosmospora stem rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Peronospora manshurica — Downy mildew and canker Phakopsora pachyrhizi — Asian soybean rust Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora blight Phakopsora sp. — Soybean rust Rhizoctonia sp. — Trunk canker Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis stem blight, Pod and stem blight Phyllosticta sojicola — Phyllosticta leaf spot Glycine max (Soybean) Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Damping off Pseudomonas glycines — Bacterial blight Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia foliar blight Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot, Wild fire Xanthomonas axonopodis — Bacterial pustule

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, crown and Lespedeza sp. (Bush Clover) stem rot, Damping off, Sore shin, Web blotch, Stem blight, Aerial blight FUNGI Sclerotinia sp. — White mold Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Septoria glycines — Brown spot NEMATODES Septoria sp. — Brown spot, Septoria leaf spot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

NEMATODES Lupinus sp. (Lupine) Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode FUNGI Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Heterodera glycines — Soybean cyst nematode Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Heterodera sp. — Soybean cyst nematode Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Cladosporium sp. — Leaf mold nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Fusarium sp. — Damping off Meloidogyne arenaria — Root-knot nematode Pythium sp. — Damping off Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Meloidogyne incognita acrita — Root-knot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia stem rot nematode Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Meloidogyne thamesi — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode NEMATODES Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Rotylenchulus reniformis — Reniform nematode nematode Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Trichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Medicago sativa (Alfalfa)

VIRUSES BACTERIA

Potyvirus — Peanut mottle virus Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Potyvirus — Soybean mosaic virus Potyvirus — Soybean mosaic virus FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Laburnum sp. (Golden Chain Tree) Cercospora medicaginis — Summer black stem, Leaf spot FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Summer black stem, Leaf spot Colletotrichum dematium — Anthracnose Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose rot Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root and bud rot Leptosphaerulina briosiana — Leptosphaerulina Lathyrus hirsutus (Austrian Winter Pea) leaf spot Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf FUNGI spot Phoma medicaginis — Spring black stem Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta stem and leaf spot Phoma sp. — Spring black stem, Leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pseudopeziza medicaginis — Common leaf spot Pseudopeziza sp. — Common leaf spot

Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot, NEMATODES Damping off Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia stem blight Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root bud Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode and stem rot, Stem canker, Stem blight Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia crown rot nematode Sclerotinia sp. — Sclerotinia crown, root and Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode stem rot Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Stemphylium botryosum — Stemphylium leaf spot VIRUSES Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot Uromyces striatus — Rust Potyvirus — Bean yellow mosaic virus Uromyces sp. — Rust

NEMATODES Phaseolus vulgaris (Green Bean)

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode BACTERIA Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial blight

Medicago truncatula (Barrel Medic) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Aristastoma sp. — Aristastoma leaf spot Phoma sp. — Phoma dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Diaporthe sp. — Pod and stem blight Phaseolus acutifolius (Tepary Bean) Epicoccum sp. — Epicoccum leaf spot Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root and stem rot, Fusarium wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Macrophomina phaseoli — Ashy stem blight, Charcoal rot Phaseolus lunatus (Lima Bean) Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot, Ashy stem blight FUNGI Phaeoisariopsis griseola — Angular leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Rhizoconia solani — Rhizoctonia stem canker Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Damping off NEMATODES Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia stem rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, stem and pod Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode rot, Damping off, Web blight Sclerotinia sp. — White mold Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Phaseolus lunatus (Butter Bean) Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Uromyces phaseoli — Rust FUNGI Uromyces sp. — Rust

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose NEMATODES Diaporthe sp. — Pod and stem blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Damping off, Rhizoctonia root Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode and stem rot, Web blight Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode VIRUSES VIRUSES Cucumovirus — Peanut stunt virus Potyvirus — Bean mosaic virus Comovirus — Bean pod mottle virus Potyvirus — Bean yellow mosaic virus Potyvirus — Bean mosaic virus Sobemovirus — Southern bean mosaic virus

Phaseolus sp. (Bean) Pisum sativum (Garden Pea, English Pea) BACTERIA FUNGI Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial blight Aphanomyces sp. — Aphanomyces root rot Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Common bacterial Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose blight Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot FUNGI Macrophomina phaseoli — Ashy stem blight Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Aristastoma sp. — Aristastoma leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot NEMATODES Cladosporium sp. — Leaf mold Colletotrichum dematium — Anthracnose Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Colletotrichum lindemuthianum — Anthracnose Colletotrichum truncatum — Anthracnose VIRUSES Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root, crown and stem Comovirus — Cowpea severe mosaic virus rot, Fusarium wilt, Fusarium yellows Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf blight Macrophomina phaseoli — Ashy stem blight, Pisum sp. (Pea) Charcoal rot Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot FUNGI Phoma exigua — Black node disease Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Aphanomyces sp. — Aphanomyces root rot Puccinia sp. — Rust Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Damping off, Blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot, Web Colletotrichum lindemuthianum — Anthracnose blight, Stem canker Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Corynespora cassiicola — Target spot Damping off, Web blight Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Macrophomina phaseoli — Ashy stem blight Uromyces sp. — Rust Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Damping off NEMATODES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, stem and crown rot, Damping off Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Sclerotinia sp. — White mold Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Uromyces phaseoli — Rust Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode

NEMATODES Trifolium vesiculosum (Arrowleaf Clover)

Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode NEMATODES Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

VIRUSES Trifolium sp. (Clover) Potyvirus — Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus FUNGI

Pueraria montana var. lobata (Kudzu) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Damping off BACTERIA Leptosphaerulina sp. — Pepper spot, Leptosphaerulina leaf spot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot, Phoma trifolii — Black stem Halo blight Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pseudopeziza sp. — Pseudopeziza leaf spot FUNGI Sclerotinia sp. — Sclerotinia crown and root rot Stemphylium sp. — Target spot Aschochyta sp. — Aschochyta leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot NEMATODES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Trifolium incarnatum (Crimson Clover)

FUNGI Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea)

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria stem rot FUNGI Fusarium sp. — Fusarium canker Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Dieback, Stem rot Aristastoma sp. — Zonate leaf spot Uromyces sp. — Rust Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Trifolium repens (Clover, White Clover, Fusarium solani — Fusarium stem rot Landino Clover) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot, Damping off, Fusarium wilt FUNGI Macrophomina phaseoli — Ashy stem blight Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Polythrincium trifolii — Sooty blotch Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, stem, crown Damping off and leaf rot; Brown patch NEMATODES

Trifolium subterraneum (Subterranean Clover) Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode FUNGI VIRUSES Erysiphe polygoni — Powdery mildew Bromovirus — Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus Comovirus — Cowpea mosaic virus Comovirus — Cowpea severe mosaic virus Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Potyvirus — Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus Sobemovirus — Southern bean mosaic virus

Vigna sp. (Southern Pea) Scorias sp. — Sooty mold

FUNGI Quercus acuta (Japanese Evergreen Oak) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Black leg, Pythium stem rot FUNGI

Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback Wisteria sp. (Wisteria)

BACTERIA Quercus acutisssima (Sawtooth Oak)

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall FUNGI

FUNGI Cytospora sp. — Cytospora canker Tubakia dryina — Leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis stem gall Quercus alba (White Oak)

FAGACEAE BACTERIA

Castanea mollissima (Chinese Chestnut) Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch

FUNGI FUNGI

Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot and Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot blight Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Apiognomonia errabunda — Anthracnose Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryodiplodia leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Dieback, canker, and twig Castanea sp. (Chestnut, Chinquapin) blight Coryneum sp. — Coryneum dieback FUNGI Discula sp. — Anthracnose Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Discella sp. — Eye spot Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister Endothia sp. — Chestnut blight Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Polyporus calkinsii — Heart rot Quercus coccinea (Scarlet Oak)

Fagus grandifolia (American Beech) BACTERIA

FUNGI Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch

Apiognomonia errabunda — Anthracnose FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Dieback, canker, and twig blight Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister

Fagus sp. (Beech)

FUNGI

Scorias spongiosa — Sooty mold

Quercus falcata (Red Oak, Southern Red Oak) Quercus macrocarpa (Bur Oak)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial scorch Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback FUNGI and canker Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Discula sp. — Anthracnose Quercus marilandica (Blackjack Oak) Inonotus dryadeus — Root rot Monochaetia sp. — Zonate leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora sp.— Phytophthora canker Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister

Quercus nigra (Water Oak) Quercus hemisphaerica (Darlington Oak) FUNGI FUNGI Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria twig Armillaria sp. — Armillaria Root Rot dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Ceratocystis fagacearum — Oak wilt Ceratocystis sp. — Oak wilt Cronartium quercuum — Fusiform rust Quercus laevis (Turkey Oak) Cronartium quercuum — Pine-oak gall rust Cronartium sp. — Fusiform rust FUNGI Discula quercina — Anthracnose Gnomonia quercina — Oak anthracnose Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Phyllactinia sp. — Powdery mildew Septobasidium sp. — Brown felt fungus Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Quercus laurifolia (Laurel Oak) Tubakia sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot

FUNGI NEMATODES

Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Cronartium quercuum — Pine-oak gall rust Discula sp. — Discula anthracnose Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora basal Quercus nuttalli (Nuttall’s Oak) canker Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Septobasidium sp. — Brown felt

Quercus lyrata (Overcup Oak) Quercus palustris (Pin Oak) FUNGI ALGAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot

BACTERIA Quercus rubra (Red Oak, Northern Red Oak)

Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch ALGAE

FUNGI Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot

Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot BACTERIA Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Erysiphe alphitoides — Powdery mildew Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister FUNGI Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Quercus phellos (Willow Oak) dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Apiognomonia quercina — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot Quercus shumardii (Shumard's Red Oak) Coryneum kunzei — Oak twig blight Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme — BACTERIA Fusiform rust Cronartium quercuum — Pine-oak gall rust Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Discula sp. — Anthracnose Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Phellinus spiculosus — White rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Quercus stellata (Post Oak) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Septobasidium sp. — Brown felt fungus FUNGI Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Discula quercina — Discula anthracnose Septobasidium sp. — Brown felt fungus NEMATODES Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode

Quercus velutina (Black Oak) Quercus robur (English Oak) BACTERIA FUNGI Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot

Quercus virginiana (Live Oak)

FUNGI

Acantharia sp. — Black leaf spot

Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Melanconium sp. — Melanconium leaf spot Apiognomonia quercina — Anthracnose Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Apiognomonia sp. — Anthracnose Nectria sp. — Nectria canker Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew and canker Phellinus gilvus — White rot Coryneum japonicum — Twig blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis gall Coryneum kunzei — Oak twig blight Phyllactinia guttata — Powdery mildew Cronatrium quercuum — Pine-oak gall rust Phyllactinia sp. — Powdery mildew Cronartium sp. — Fusiform rust Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Discula quercina — Anthracnose rot Discula sp. — Discula anthracnose Polyporus hispidus — Heart rot Gloeosporium quercina — Anthracnose Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis blight Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Gnomonia quercina — Oak anthracnose Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister, Leaf curl Microsphaera penicillata — Powdery mildew Trabutia sp. — Black spot Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Tubakia dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Tubakia sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot NEMATODES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Taphrina caerulescens — Oak leaf blister Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Taphrina sp. — Oak leaf blister, Leaf curl Trabutia quercina — Tar spot of oak FUMARIACEAE

Quercus sp. (Oak) Dicentra spectabilis (Bleeding Heart)

ALGAE FUNGI

Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and stem rot BACTERIA Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot

Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Dicentra sp. (Bleeding Heart) FUNGI FUNGI Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Apiognomonia quercina — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Apiognomonia sp. — Anthracnose Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Ceratocystis sp. — Oak wilt Cronartium sp. — Fusiform rust VIRUSES Discula quercina — Discula anthracnose Discula sp. — Anthracnose, Discula leaf spot Tobravirus — Tobacco rattle virus Echinulata sp. — Black leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium dieback Ganoderma sp. — White rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Gnomonia quercina — Oak anthracnose Gnomonia sp. — Anthracnose Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot Hypoxylon sp. — Hypoxylon canker

GENTIANACEAE FUNGI

Eustoma sp. (Lisianthus) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight, Gray mold FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Gray mold Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, stem and Colletotrichum leaf spot petiole rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem and root rot Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew VIRUSES Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Puccinia pelargonii — Rust Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis — Rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Black Exacum affine (Persian Violet) leg Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI NEMATODES Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot VIRUSES

Exacum sp. (Exacum) Alfamovirus — Alfalfa mosaic virus

FUNGI Pelargonium peltatum (Ivy Geranium) Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight FUNGI Sclerotium rolfsii — Basal stem rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot VIRUSES

Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Pelargonium sp. (Geranium) Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus BACTERIA

Enterobacter sp. — Bacterial stem rot GERANIACEAE Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata — Bacterial blight Geranium sp. (True Geranium, Cranesbill) Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

BACTERIA FUNGI

Erwinia cypripedii — Bacterial soft rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot

Pelargonium x hortorum (Geranium) GESNERIACEAE

BACTERIA Achimenes sp. (Japanese Pansy)

Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt VIRUSES Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial blight, Bacterial leaf spot Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial blight

Aeschynanthus sp. (Basket Plant, Lipstick GINKGOACEAE Plant) Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo) FUNGI FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown rot VIRUSES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus GROSSULARIACEAE

Episcia sp. (Flame Violet) Escallonia sp. (Escallonia)

FUNGI FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback

Gloxinia sp. (Gloxinia) HAMAMELIDACEAE FUNGI Distylium myricoides (Myrtle-leafed Distylium) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot BACTERIA VIRUSES Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial canker Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Fothergilla sp. (Fothergilla)

Kohleria sp. (Tree Gloxinia) FUNGI

FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Pyricularia grisea — Gray leaf spot Fothergilla gardenii (Witch Alder, Fothergilla)

Saintpaulia sp. (African Violet) FUNGI

FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown, root, and stem rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Gray mold Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweetgum) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root, crown and leaf rot, BACTERIA Damping off Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch

FUNGI

Actinopelte dryina — Actinopelte leaf spot Actinopelte sp. — Actinopelte leaf spot

Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Illicium henryi (Henry’s Anise Tree) dieback Botryosphaeria ribis — Botryosphaeria canker FUNGI and dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Discula sp — Anthracnose Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf spot Illicium sp. (Anise Tree) Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot FUNGI Tubakia dryina — Red leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Loropetalum chinense (Chinese Fringe-flower) rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot BACTERIA Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight

Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi — Bacterial gall IRIDACEAE

FUNGI Belamcanda chinensis (Blackberry Lily)

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot FUNGI Botryodiplodia sp. — Botryodiplodia dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Belamcanda sp. (Belamcanda, Blackberry Lily) rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Loropetalum sp. (Loropetalum) VIRUSES ALGAE Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Cephaleuros sp. — Algal leaf spot

FUNGI Crocosmia sp. (Montebretia)

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Gladiolus sp. (Gladiolus) ILLICIACEAE FUNGI Illicium floridanum (Florida Anise Tree) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Curvularia trifolii — Curvularia leaf spot Curvularia sp. — Curvularia leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium corm rot Penicillium gladioli — Corm rot Penicillium sp. — Corm rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

VIRUSES FUNGI

Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Potyvirus — Bean yellow mosaic virus Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Gray mold Cladosporium iridis — Iris leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Iris cristata (Crested Iris) Didymellina macrospora — Iris leaf spot Didymellina sp. — Iris leaf spot FUNGI Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal, crown and root Colletotrichum acutatum — Anthracnose rot Heterosporium iridis — Iris leaf spot, Heterosporium leaf spot Iris x germanica (Bearded Iris) Heterosporium sp. — Iris leaf spot, Heterosporium leaf spot BACTERIA Mycosphaerella macrospora — Iris leaf spot Penicillium sp. — Blue mold Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot Puccinia iridis — Rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium rhizome rot NEMATODES

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Iris sibirica (Siberian Iris) Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance nematode FUNGI Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot VIRUSES

Potyvirus — Iris fulva mosaic virus Iris sp. (Bearded Iris, German Bearded Iris) Potyvirus — Iris mosaic virus

FUNGI JUGLANDACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium corm rot, Fusarium Carya glabra (Pignut Hickory) basal rot Heterosporium iridis — Iris leaf spot FUNGI Heterosporium sp. — Iris leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight and canker

NEMATODES Carya illinoinensis (Pecan) Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode BACTERIA

Iris sp. (Iris) Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall BACTERIA

Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot

FUNGI Tubakia dryina — Tubakia leaf spot

Armillaria sp. — Clitocybe root rot, Armillaria root rot Juglans nigra (Black Walnut) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cephalothecium roseum — Pink mold FUNGI Cercospora fusca — Brown leaf spot Cladosporium caryigenum — Scab Cylindrosporium juglandis — Walnut leaf spot Cladosporium effusum — Scab Marssonina sp. — Leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Scab Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Shuck disease Juglans regia (English Walnut) Diplodia sp. — Diplodia leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot FUNGI Fusicladium effusum — Scab Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Gnomonia leptostyla — Gnomonia leaf blotch Gnomonia sp. — Anthracnose, Gnomonia leaf Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot spot Gnomonia caryae — Liver spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Juglans sp. (Walnut) spot Microsphaera alni — Powdery mildew FUNGI Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Mycosphaerella carigena — Downy spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Mycosphaerella dendroides — Mycosphaerella leaf blight Mycosphaerella sp. — Downy spot LAMIACEAE Nematospora sp. — Kernal spot, Stigmatomycosis Agastache foeniculum (Anise Hyssop) Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Phellinus sp. — Wood decay FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora shuck rot Pleurotus ostreatus — Wood decay Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Agastache sp. (Giant Hyssop) Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI NEMATODES Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode

VIRUSES Ajuga reptans (Carpet Bugleweed)

Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus FUNGI

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and root rot Carya sp. (Hickory) Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

FUNGI Ajuga sp. (Bugleweed) Apiognomonia sp. — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Microstroma juglandis — Microstroma leaf spot Polyporus sp. — Heart rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf spot

Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf blight Lamiastrum sp. (Lamiastrum) Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root and crown rot FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium crown, root and petiole Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem rot rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotium delphinii — Sclerotium crown rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Sclerotium sp. — Sclerotium crown rot, Southern Lamium amplexicaule (Henbit) blight Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot FUNGI

Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Calamintha grandiflora (Calamint)

FUNGI Lamium maculatum (Spotted Dead Nettle)

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI

Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown Coleus blumei (Coleus) and root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot

Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Lamium sp. (Lamium)

Coleus sp. (Coleus) FUNGI

FUNGI Myrothecium roridum — Myrothecium stem rot

Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Lavandula angustifolia (English Lavender) Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot FUNGI

VIRUSES Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Septoria lavandulae — Septoria leaf spot

NEMATODES Conradina canescens (Conradina) Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Lavandula sp. (Lavender) Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot BACTERIA Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot

FUNGI

Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt Monarda didyma (Bee Balm) Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora stem and root FUNGI rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Myrothecium sp. — Myrothecium leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot VIRUSES

Macbridea alba (White Birds-in-a-Nest) Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus

FUNGI Monarda sp. (Bee Balm) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot and stem blight BACTERIA Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phoma sp. — Black leg Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI

Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Macbridea caroliniana (Carolina Birds-in-a- Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Nest) VIRUSES FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Nepeta cataria (Catnip) Mentha x piperita (Peppermint) FUNGI FUNGI Phytophthora cinnamoni — Phytophthora root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight

Nepeta sp. (Catmint) Mentha pulegium (Pennyroyal) FUNGI FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Ocimum basilicum (Sweet Basil)

Mentha spicata (Spearmint) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Puccinia sp. — Rust Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt Mentha sp. (Mint) Peronospora belbahrii — Downy mildew

FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Ocimum sp. (Basil) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Stem canker BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Physostegia sp. (Obedient Plant) FUNGI FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Plectranthus sp. (Swedish Ivy) NEMATODES FUNGI Aphelenchoides fragariae — Foliar nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

Origanum majorana (Sweet Marjoram) Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) FUNGI FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia aerial blight Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis stem rot Exserohilum sp. — Exserohilum leaf spot Origanum sp. (Oregano) Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown and root rot FUNGI

Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis leaf spot Rosmarinus sp. (Rosemary) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia aerial blight, Stem BACTERIA rot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot

Perovskia atriplicifolia (Perovskia, Russian FUNGI Sage) Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold FUNGI Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora crown rot and root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia aerial blight; Root and stem rot; Web blight

Perovskia sp. (Russian Sage) Salvia elegans (Pineapple Sage) FUNGI FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis stem canker Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot

Salvia farinacea (Mealycup Sage) Salvia viridis (Annual Clary Sage)

FUNGI FUNGI

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot

Salvia nemorosa (Woodland Sage) Salvia sp. (Sage, Salvia)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial blight Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola — Bacterial leaf spot Salvia officinalis (Garden Sage) Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial stem rot Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial blight FUNGI FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Salvia purpurea (Sage) Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Myrothecium roridum — Myrothecium stem rot FUNGI Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae — rot Phytophthora crown and root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot Salvia splendens (Scarlet Sage) Pythium sp. — Pythium root, crown and stem rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, leaf, root FUNGI and stem rot, Damping off, Foliar blight, Web blight Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold, Stem rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot

Salvia x superba (Salvia) NEMATODES

BACTERIA Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Pseudomonas cichorii — Bacterial leaf necrosis Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf necrosis Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Solenostemon scutellarioides (Coleus)

FUNGI FUNGI

Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Damping off, Root rot, Web Stachys sp. (Lamb's Ears) blight Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight FUNGI

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Lindera sp. (Spicebush) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI NEMATODES Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode

Persea borbonia (Red Bay) Teucrium chamaedrys (Germander) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot dieback Raffaelea lauricola — Laurel wilt NEMATODES Septobasidium sp. — Brown felt fungus

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Persea sp. (Avocado)

Thymus sp. (Thyme) FUNGI

FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum fruit rot Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella fruit rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem blight Sassafras sp. (Sassafras)

Trichostema dichotomum (Forked Blue Curls) FUNGI

FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot LILIACEAE

LAURACEAE Agapanthus sp. (African Lily, Lily of the Nile)

Laurus nobilis (Sweet Bay) FUNGI

FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot and canker Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Allium giganteum (Ornamental Onion)

Lindera melissifolia (Southern Spicebush) FUNGI

FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot

Allium sativum (Garlic) VIRUSES

FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Embellisia alli — Garlic skin blotch Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Clivia sp. (Kaffir Lily) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotium cepivorum — Southern blight FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium leaf spot Allium sp. (Onion)

BACTERIA Hemerocallis sp. (Daylily)

Erwinia sp. — Soft rot BACTERIA

FUNGI Erwinia sp. — Bacterial soft rot

Alternaria porri — Purple blotch FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Purple blotch Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Aureobasidium microstichum — Daylily leaf Cladosporium allii — Cladosporium leaf spot streak Colletotrichum circinans — Basal sheath rot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis crown rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal plate and root Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight rot Cephalosporium sp. — Leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Leaf scorch Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Collecephalus hemerocalli — Daylily leaf streak Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Collecephalus sp. — Daylily leaf streak Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf scorch Sclerotium cepivorum — White rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, leaf and root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Stemphylium botryosum — Black stalk rot, Phytophthora citrophthora — Phytophthora Stemphylium leaf blight crown rot Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf blight Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown and root rot NEMATODES Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root, crown and stem rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Puccinia hemerocallidis — Daylily rust Puccinia sp. — Daylily rust Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot Alstroemeria sp. (Peruvian Lily) Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia crown rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia petiole, crown and FUNGI root rot

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot NEMATODES

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Amaryllis sp. (Amaryllis) Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode FUNGI

Stagonospora curtisii — Red blotch, Leaf scorch Stagonospora sp. — Red blotch

Hosta albomarginata (Seersucker Plantain Lily) Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

FUNGI NEMATODES

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium leaf and root rot Aphelenchoides fragariae — Foliar nematode Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

VIRUSES Hosta fortunei (Hosta) Nepovirus — Arabis mosaic virus FUNGI Potexvirus — Hosta virus x Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Kniphofia sp. (Red Hot Poker) Hosta sieboldiana (Hosta) FUNGI FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot VIRUSES

Potexvirus — Hosta virus x Lilium asiaticum (Asiatic Lily)

FUNGI Hosta sp. (Hosta) Botrytis elliptica — Botrytis blight BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial blight Erwinia sp. — Bacterial blight Lilium longiflorum (Easter Lily) Pseudomonas aerugonisa — Bacterial leaf spot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot FUNGI

FUNGI Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis crown rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Lilium sp. (Lily) Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium leaf mold Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, FUNGI Colletotrichum leaf spot and petiole rot Fusarium hostae — Fusarium root and crown rot Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, leaf, petiole, Botrytis elliptica — Botrytis blight root and stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot rot Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot and stem rot, Phytophthora blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root NEMATODES rot, Foliar blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and root rot

Narcissus sp. (Daffodil) LINACEAE

FUNGI Linum sp. (Flax)

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium bulb rot FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot Trillium sp. (Trillium) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot FUNGI NEMATODES Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Tulbaghia violacea (Society Garlic) LOGANIACEAE

BACTERIA Buddleia davidii (Butterfly Bush)

Pseudomona syringae pv. syringae — Bacterial FUNGI blight Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight VIRUSES Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

VIRUSES Tulipa retroflexa (Tulip) Alfamovirus — Alfalfa mosaic virus VIRUSES Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Nepovirus — Tomato ringspot virus Potyvirus — Tulip breaking virus

Buddleia salviifolia (Sage-leafed Butterfly Tulipa sp. (Tulip, Triumph Tulip) Bush)

FUNGI FUNGI

Botrytis tulipae — Tulip fire Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Tulip fire Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal rot Penicillin sp. — Blue mold Buddleia x weyeriana (Weyeriana Butterfly Bush)

Veratrum californicum (False Hellebore) FUNGI

FUNGI Peronospora hariotii — Downy mildew

Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Buddleia sp. (Butterfly Bush)

FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew

Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root MAGNOLIACEAE and crown rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Liriodendron tulipifera (Tuliptree) rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Erysiphe liriodendri — Powdery mildew Myxosporium sp. — Myxosporium dieback NEMATODES Phaeoisariopsis sp. — Phaeoisariopsis leaf spot

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Magnolia grandiflora (Southern Magnolia) Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode ALGAE

Gelsemium sp. (Carolina Jasmine) Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot

FUNGI FUNGI

Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose LYTHRACEAE Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback and canker Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Lagerstroemia indica (Crape Myrtle) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Thielaviopsis sp. — Black root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and dieback Magnolia macrophylla (Bigleaf Magnolia) Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot FUNGI Cristulariella moricola — Zonate leaf spot Cristulariella pyramidalis — Zonate leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Cristulariella sp. — Zonate leaf spot Erysiphe lagerstroemiae — Powdery mildew Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Magnolia sieboldii (Magnolia) Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium canker and dieback, FUNGI Fusarium wilt Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf tip blight Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Magnolia x soulangiana (Saucer Magnolia) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker, Leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium cutting rot Microsphaera alni — Powdery mildew

Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose NEMATODES Glomerella cingulata — Leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia canker Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, Leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora blight, Root rot Magnolia stellata (Star Magnolia) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI Sphaceloma sp. — Sphaceloma leaf spot Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker, Leaf spot NEMATODES Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Phompsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot

Michelia figo (Banana Shrub) Magnolia virginiana (Sweet Bay Magnolia) BACTERIA ALGAE Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot FUNGI FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Meliola sp. — Black mildew

LICHENS MALVACEAE

Strigula sp. — Lichenized algal leaf spot Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra)

FUNGI Magnolia sp. (Magnolia, Asian Magnolia) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot ALGAE Choanephora sp. — Blossom blight Diaporthe sp. — Pod blight Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt, Root and stem BACTERIA rot, Fusarium pod rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem FUNGI rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Damping off Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot canker Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Damping off Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt Cercosporidium sp. — Cercosporidium leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

NEMATODES Gossypium sp. (Cotton)

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode FUNGI Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Alternaria macrospora — Leaf spot Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Alternaria tenius — Alternaria leaf spot Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta blight, Leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cercospora gossypina — Cercospora leaf spot Abutilon sp. (Flowering Maple) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Boll rot VIRUSES Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Corynespora cassicola — Corynespora leaf spot Bigeminivirus — Abutilon mosaic virus Diplodia sp. — Boll rot Fusarium moniliforme — Fusarium root rot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Alcea fastigiata (Hollyhock) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem and root rot, Fusarium wilt, Damping off FUNGI Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phoma sp. — Wet weather blight Puccinia malvacearum — Mallow rust, Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis stem rot, Leaf spot Hollyhock rust Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Damping off Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia stem rot, Alcea rosea (Hollyhock) Damping off Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root and FUNGI stem rot, Damping off Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Puccinia malvacearum — Hollyhock rust Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt Puccinia sp. — Stem rust NEMATODES

Althaea sp. (Althaea) Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode NEMATODES Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode nematode Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Anoda cristata (Spurred Anoda) Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode FUNGI Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis — Reniform nematode Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Rotylenchulus sp. — Reniform nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Leaf spot Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Puccinia heterospora — Rust Hibiscus cannabinus (Kenaf)

FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem Cristulariella moricola — Zonate leaf spot rot, Stem blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight NEMATODES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Hibiscus moscheutos (Mallow Rose)

FUNGI Lavatera sp. (Tree Mallow)

Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt FUNGI Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Hibiscus mutabilis (Confederate Rose) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight

Alternaria alternata — Alternaria leaf spot Sidalcea sp. (Checkerbloom)

Hibiscus syriacus (Rose-of-Sharon) FUNGI

FUNGI Puccinia sp. — Rust

Kuehneola malvicola — Hibiscus rust MARANTACEAE

Hibiscus sp. (Hibiscus) Calathea sp. (Calathea)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Pseudomonas cichorii — Bacterial leaf spot Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Xanthamonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot spot

FUNGI MELASTOMATACEAE Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Tibouchina sp. (Glory Bush) and canker Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum canker and FUNGI dieback, Stem rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Black leaf spot Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root and crown rot Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot

MORACEAE Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose, Anthracnose fruit rot Ficus benjamina (Weeping Fig) Macrophoma fici — Macrophoma dieback Nectriella pironii — Nectriella gall BACTERIA Pellicularia sp. — Thread blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Physopella fici — Rust Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora fruit rot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Web Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback blight Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot NEMATODES

Ficus carica (Common Fig) Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode FUNGI

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Anthracnose Morus sp. (Mulberry, Weeping Mulberry) fruit rot, Colletotrichum leaf spot BACTERIA

Ficus elastica (Rubber Plant) Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch

FUNGI FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cercosporella sp. — Cercosporella leaf spot Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Ciboria carunculoides — Popcorn disease Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Pseudocercosporella sp. — Pseudocercosporella leaf spot Ficus pumila (Climbing Fig)

FUNGI MUSACEAE

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Musa balbisiana (Banana) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight FUNGI

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Ficus sp. (Fig)

FUNGI MYRICACEAE

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Myrica cerifera (Wax Myrtle) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and dieback FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis fruit rot Cercospora bolleana — Cercospora leaf spot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot canker, stem blight, and dieback Cerotelium fici — Rust Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose dieback Corticium salmonicolor — Web blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Corticium sp. — Corticium blight Diplodia sp. — Diplodia canker and dieback

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Eucalyptus pulverulenta (Eucalyptus, Money Colletotrichum leaf spot Tree) Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium canker Fusarium sp. — Fusarium canker, Fusarium root FUNGI rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose, Gloeosporium Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback leaf spot Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback and canker Eucalyptus sp. (Eucalyptus) Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root and crown rot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot dieback, Twig dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Septoria myricae — Septoria leaf spot Colletotrichum leaf spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium leaf spot Sphaeropsis tumefaciens — Stem gall, Witches Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose broom Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Myrica sp. (Wax Myrtle) NEMATODES FUNGI Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot

Feijoa sellowiana (Pineapple Guava) MYRSINACEAE FUNGI Ardisia japonica (Japanese Ardisia) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Feijoa sp. (Feijoa) Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI

MYRTACEAE Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf necrosis

Callistemon sp. (Bottlebrush) NYCTAGINACEAE FUNGI Bougainvillea sp. (Bougainvillea) Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum dieback FUNGI Puccinia psidii — Guava rust Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

NYMPHAEACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis gall Nymphaea odorata (Pond Lily) Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight OLEACEAE

Chionanthus retusus (Chinese Fringe Tree) Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Green Ash)

FUNGI FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose canker, and twig blight Passalora sp. — Passalora leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Fraxinus sp. (Ash)

FUNGI Chionanthus virginicus (Fringe Tree) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Discula sp. — Anthracnose Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Discula fraxinea — Anthracnose dieback Gloeosporium aridum — Gloeosporium leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot

Chionanthus sp. (Fringe Tree) Jasminum floridum (Showy Jasmine) FUNGI FUNGI Phyllactinia sp. — Powdery mildew Nectria sp. — Nectria canker

Forsythia x intermedia (Golden-bells) Jasminum sp. (Jasmine) FUNGI FUNGI Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Forsythia sp. (Golden-bells) spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot BACTERIA

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Ligustrum japonicum (Curly Leaf Ligustrum, Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Japanese Privet)

FUNGI FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback dieback, Cane blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot

NEMATODES Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot VIRUSES NEMATODES Carlavirus — Ligustrum necrotic ringspot virus Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Ligustrum lucidum (Wax Leaf Ligustrum, Privet) Ligustrum sp. (Variegated Privet) FUNGI FUNGI Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Thread blight Corynespora sp. — Corynespora leaf spot

Ligustrum sinense (Chinese Privet) Olea europea (Olive)

FUNGI FUNGI

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose fruit rot

Ligustrum texanum (Wax-leaf Privet) Osmanthus x fortunei (Fortunes Osmanthus)

FUNGI FUNGI

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, canker, and twig blight

Ligustrum sp. (Privet, Ligustrum) Osmanthus fragrans (Fragrant Tea Olive) BACTERIA FUNGI Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Armillaria tabescens — Armillaria root rot, FUNGI Mushroom rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Colletotrichum leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Coryneum japonicum — Twig blight dieback Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Glomerella cingulata — Anthracnose spot Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot

Osmanthus heterophyllus (Holly Osmanthus) ONAGRACEAE

FUNGI Fuchsia sp. (Fuchsia)

Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora blight FUNGI and dieback Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Osmanthus sp. (Tea Olive)

FUNGI Gaura sp. (Gaura)

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Colletotrichum leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Blight rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot VIRUSES

Sorbus americana (American Mountain Ash) Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus

FUNGI Oenothera biennis (Evening Primrose) Puccinia peridermiospora — Rust FUNGI

Syringa vulgaris (Lilac) Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI

Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Oenothera sp. (Evening Primrose)

FUNGI Syringa sp. (Lilac) Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight BACTERIA Phytophthora nicotinae — Phytophthora crown and root rot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown, root, and stem rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and stem rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot VIRUSES Cladosporium sp. — Leaf blotch Microsphaera alni — Powdery mildew Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora leaf blight, Root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

ORCHIDACEAE Oncidium sp. (Orchid)

Bletilla striata (Chinese Ground Orchid) FUNGI

FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Fusarium sp. — Fusarium rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot Phalaenopsis sp. (Moth Orchid)

Bletilla sp. (Bletilla) BACTERIA

FUNGI Acidovorax avenae subsp. cattleyae — Brown spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot

FUNGI Cattleya heneritks (Cattleya) Cercospora odontoglossi — Cercospora leaf spot VIRUSES Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Tobamovirus — Odontoglossum ringspot virus Fusarium sp. — Fusarium leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Pythium blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Cattleya sp. (Cattleya) VIRUSES FUNGI Potexvirus — Cymbidium mosaic virus Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Tobamovirus — Tobacco mosaic virus Fusarium sp. — Fusarium rot

VIRUSES Vanda sp. (Orchid)

Potexvirus — Cymbidium mosaic virus FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Phyllosticta pyriformis — Phyllosticta leaf spot

Dendrobium sp. (Dendrobium) OSMUNDACEAE FUNGI Osmunda regalis (Royal Fern) Colletotrichum sp. — Leaf spot NEMATODES

Oncidium pubes (Dancing Lady Orchid) Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode

VIRUSES OXALIDACEAE Potexvirus — Cymbidium mosaic virus Oxalis braziliensis (Shamrock)

Oncidium sp. (Dancing Lady Orchid) FUNGI

FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Puccinia oxalidis — Oxalis rust Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Oxalis regnellii (Oxalis, Wood Sorrel) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot FUNGI Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Macrophomina phaseoli — Ashy stem blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Puccinia oxalidis — Rust Sclerotinia sp. — White mold Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Thielaviopsis paradoxa — Black root rot Oxalis sp. (Oxalis) NEMATODES FUNGI Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Puccinia oxalidis — Rust Puccinia sp. — Rust VIRUSES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus

PAEONIACEAE PAPAVERACEAE Paeonia lactiflora (Peony) Papaver sp. (Poppy) FUNGI BACTERIA Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

Paeonia suffruticosa (Tree Peony) PEDALIACEAE

FUNGI Sesamum indicum (Sesame)

Discosia sp. — Leaf spot BACTERIA

Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Paeonia sp. (Peony) FUNGI BACTERIA Cercospora sesami — Cercospora leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Corynespora cassiicola — Corynespora leaf spot FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot PINACEAE Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Abies sp. (Fir) Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot FUNGI Cladosporium paeoniae — Leaf blotch Cladosporium sp. — Leaf blotch Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Pencillium sp. — Rhizome rot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora tip blight

Cedrus atlantica glauca (Blue Atlas Cedar) Picea glauca var. albertiana (Dwarf Alberta Spruce) FUNGI FUNGI Mycosphaerella dearnessii — Brown spot, Needle blight Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Cedrus deodara (Deodar Cedar) rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root FUNGI rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker Picea glauca conica (Dwarf Alberta Spruce) Diplodia sp. — Needle necrosis Kabatina sp. — Kabatina needle blight FUNGI Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma dieback Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, tip blight, Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight and canker Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Picea pungens (Blue Spruce) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI Sphaeropsis sapinea — Sphaeropsis canker Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis blight NEMATODES Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii — Blue spruce needle Bursaphelenchus sp. — Pinewood nematode cast

Cedrus sp. (Cedar) Picea sp. (Spruce)

FUNGI FUNGI

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Twig blight Cercospora thujina — Cercospora needle blight Gymnosporangium clavipes — Rust Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae — Pinus bungeana (Lacebark Pine) Cedar-apple rust Kabatina juniperi — Kabatina tip blight FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight and dieback Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Pinus flexilis (Limber Pine) Picea abies (Norway Spruce) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback canker, and twig blight and canker Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Pinus elliottii (Slash Pine) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Trichaptum abietinum — Sapwood rot

Cronartium sp. — Fusiform rust NEMATODES

Bursaphelenchus sp. — Pine wood nematode Pinus mugo (Mugo Pine)

FUNGI Pinus sylvestris (Scotch Pine)

Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot Sphaeropsis sapinea — Diploidia blight Rhizosphaera sp. — Rhizosphaera needle cast

Pinus nigra (Austrian Pine) Pinus taeda (Loblolly Pine)

FUNGI FUNGI

Rhizosphaera sp. — Rhizosphaera needle cast Armillaria sp. —Armillaria root rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Coleosporium sp. — Pine needle rust Pinus palustris (Longleaf Pine) Colletotrichum sp. — Needle necrosis Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme — FUNGI Fusiform rust Cronartium sp. — Fusiform rust Alternaria sp. — Alternaria needle necrosis Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Coleosporium sp. — Pine needle rust Ganoderma sp. — Ganoderma root rot Cronartium quercuum — Fusiform rust Heterobasidion annosum — Annosus root rot Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium root rot Leptographium sp. — Leptographium root rot Diplodia pinea — Diplodia tip blight Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Leptographium sp. — Sap stain rot Lophodermium sp. — Lophodermium needle cast Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia blight Scirrhia acicola — Brown spot needle blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizosphaera sp. — Rhizosphaera needle cast Sphaeropsis sapinea — Sphaeropsis blight Pinus pungens (Table Mountain Pine)

FUNGI Pinus thunbergiana (Japanese Black Pine)

Lophodermium sp. — Lophodermium needle cast FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Pinus strobus (White Pine) Cenangium ferruginosum — Dieback Dothistroma sp. — Dothistroma needle blight FUNGI Leptostroma sp. — Lophodermium needle cast Lophodermium pinastri — Lophodermium needle Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker cast Fusarium sp. — Pitch canker Scirrhia acicola — Brown spot needle blight Heterobasidion sp. — White root rot Lophodermium sp. — Lophodermium needle cast Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot

NEMATODES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus — Pine wood nematode Tsuga canadensis (Canadian Hemlock)

FUNGI Pinus virginiana (Virginia Pine) Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Fusarium sp. — Pitch canker Tsuga sp. (Hemlock) Leptostroma sp. — Lophodermium needle cast Lophodermium pinastri — Lophodermium needle FUNGI cast Lophodermium sp. — Lophodermium needle cast Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis twig blight Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Ploioderma lethale — Ploioderma needle cast Ploioderma sp. — Ploioderma needle cast Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot PIPERACEAE Rhizosphaera sp. — Rhizosphaera needle cast Peperomia sp. (Peperomia) NEMATODES FUNGI Bursaphelenchus sp. — Pine Wood nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Pinus sp. (Pine)

FUNGI PITTOSPORACEAE

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Pittosporum tobira (Japanese Pittosporum, Coleosporium sp. — Pine needle rust Dwarf Japanese Pittosporum) Cronartium quercuum — Eastern gall rust Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme — FUNGI Fusiform rust Dothistroma sp. — Dothistroma needle blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Fusarium lateritium — Fusarium pitch canker Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Fusarium sp. — Fusarium pitch canker, Root rot Botrytis cinerea — Botytis leaf spot Heterobasidion sp. — White rot Cercospora pittospori — Angular leaf spot Lophodermium sp. — Lophodermium needle cast Corticium salminocolor — Pink disease Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Pittosporum sp. (Dwarf Pittosporum, Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pittosporum) Ploioderma lethale — Ploioderma needle cast Poria sp. — Poria root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizosphaera sp. — Rhizosphaera needle cast Alternaria tenuissima — Alternaria leaf spot Sphaeropsis sapinea — Diplodia canker, Needle Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot blight, Tip blight, Sphaeropsis blight, canker and Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback dieback

Botrytis sp. — Botrytis leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Cercospora pittospori — Angular leaf spot Gnomonia platani — Anthracnose Cercospora sp. — Angular leaf spot, Cercospora Gnomonia sp. — Anthracnose leaf spot Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Colletotrichum leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium dieback and canker Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella canker Platanus sp. (Sycamore) Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Mycosphaerella sp. — Mycosphaerella leaf spot BACTERIA Nectriella sp. — Nectriella gall Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phoma dieback Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, Leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Thread spot blight

NEMATODES PLUMBAGINACEAE

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Armeria juniperifolia (Pyrenees Thrift)

FUNGI Pittosporum sp. (Variegated Pittosporum) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Armeria maritima (Sea Thrift) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI

PLATANACEAE Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Platanus x acerifolia (London Plane Tree) rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and root rot FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Armeria sp. (Thrift) and canker BACTERIA

Platanus occidentalis (Sycamore) Pseudomonas viridilivida — Bacterial blight

BACTERIA FUNGI

Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Apiognomonia veneta — Anthracnose Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

Ceratostigma plumbaginoides (Leadwort, FUNGI Plumbago) Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris crown rot and leaf FUNGI blight Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot rot Fusarium avenaceum — Fusarium root rot Gaeumannomyces graminis — Take-all Gloeocercospora sorghi — Copper spot Limonium sp. (Statice) Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot FUNGI Lanzia sp. — Dollar spot Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Leptosphaerulina trifolii — Leptosphaerulina leaf blight Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf POACEAE blight Microdochium nivale — Pink snow mold, Agrostis palustris (Creeping Bentgrass) Fusarium patch Ophiosphaerella agrostis — Dead spot FUNGI Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf blight Pythium volutum — Pythium root dysfunction Leptosphaerulina australis — Leptosphaerulina Pythium sp. — Pythium blight, crown and root leaf blight rot, Pythium root dysfunction Pythium sp. — Pythium root dysfunction Rhizoctonia cerealis — Yellow patch Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia blight, Brown patch Agrostis stolonifera (Creeping Bentgrass) Rhizoctonia zeae — Brown patch Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia blight, Brown FUNGI patch Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Magnaporthe poae — Magnaporthe summer patch NEMATODES Pythium sp. — Pythium root dysfunction and crown rot Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode NEMATODES Hoplolaimus galeatus — Lance nematode Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidoyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Agrostis sp. (Bentgrass) Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode

BACTERIA Ammophila breviligulata (American Beach Acidovorax avenae — Bacterial leaf spot Grass) Pseudomonas syringae syringae — Bacterial blight FUNGI Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot and blight Helminthosporium triseptatum — Helminthosporium leaf spot

Avena sp. (Oats) Axonopus sp. (Carpetgrass)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Pseudomonas coronafaciens — Halo blight Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Curvularia sp. — Curvularia leaf spot FUNGI Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot, Melting out Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Rhizoctonia solani — Brown patch Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Drechslera avenae — Drechslera leaf spot, Leaf Bambusa sp. (Bamboo) blotch Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot ALGAE Epicoccum sp. — Leaf mold Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot, Seedling Cephaleuros virescens — Algal stem spot blight Helminthosporium avenae — Helminthosporium FUNGI leaf spot Helminthosporium sativum — Helminthosporium Puccinia sp. — Rust leaf spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf NEMATODES spot Puccinia coronata — Crown rust Gracilicus sp. — Pin nematode Puccinia sp. — Rust Pyrenophora avenae — Oat leaf spot, Seedling blight Bromus sp. (Bromegrass) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Black leg Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI Ustilago avenae — Loose smut Ustilago hordei — Covered smut Erysiphe graminis — Powdery mildew Ustilago nigra — Semi loose smut Ustilago tritici — Loose smut Ustilago sp. — Smut Buchloe dactyloides (Buffalograss)

NEMATODES FUNGI

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Cortaderia sp. (Pampas Grass) Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode FUNGI VIRUSES Colletotrichum sp. — Leaf necrosis Bymovirus — Oat mosaic virus Curvularia sp. — Curvularia leaf spot Bymovirus — Soil-borne oat mosaic virus Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Furovirus — Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus spot Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf mosaic virus Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus Pyricularia grisea — Gray leaf spot Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus – pav & Pyricularia sp. — Pyricularia leaf spot rpv Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Corynephorus sp. (Gray Clubawn Grass) Puccinia sp. — Rust Pyricularia grisea — Gray leaf spot FUNGI Pyricularia sp. — Gray leaf spot Pythium spinosum — Pythium blight and root rot Pyricularia grisea — Gray leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium blight, Cottony blight, Root rot Rhizoctonia solani — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia Cynodon dactylon (Bermudagrass) blight Rhizoctonia zeae — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia FUNGI blight, Red leaf and sheath spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia Bipolaris cynodontis — Bipolaris leaf spot blight, Sheath rot, Leaf blight Bipolaris sorokiniana — Bipolaris leaf spot Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot Bipolaris spicifera — Crown and stem necrosis Sphacelia sp. — Ergot Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot, Ustilago cynodontis — Loose smut Helminthosporium leaf spot, Melting out, Crown Uromyces sp. — Rust rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot NEMATODES Claviceps sp. — Ergot Colletotrichum caudatum — Anthracnose Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Hemicriconemoides sp. — Sheathoid nematode Drechslera gigantea — Drechslera leaf spot Hemicycliophora sp. — Sheath nematode Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot, Hoplolaimus galeatus — Lance nematode Helminthosporium leaf spot, Melting out Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Exserohilum rostratum — Exserohilum leaf spot, Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Melting out Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Exserohilum sp. — Exserohilum leaf spot, Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Helminthosporium leaf spot, Melting out Trichodorus sp. — Stubby-root nematodes Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot and blight Gaeumannomyces graminis — Bermudagrass decline Eleusine sp. (Goosegrass) Gaeumannomyces sp. — Take-all Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf FUNGI spot, Fading out, Melting out, Crown rot Lanzia sp. — Dollar spot Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Leptosphaeria korrae — Spring dead spot spot Leptosphaerulina trifolii — Leptosphaerulina leaf blight Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf Eragrostis curvula (Weeping Lovegrass) blight Limonomyces roseipellis — Cream leaf blight FUNGI Microdochium nivale — Fusarium patch Microdochium sp. — Fusarium patch Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Nigrospora sphaerica — Nigrospora blight spot Ophiosphaerella korrae — Spring dead spot Ophiosphaerella sp. — Spring dead spot Phoma sp. — Pyrenochaeta root rot Eragrostis sp. (Lovegrass) Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytopythium sp. — Phytopythium root rot FUNGI Puccinia cynodontis — Rust Puccinia graminis — Rust Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Puccinia uromyces — Leaf rust spot

Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode NEMATODES Xiphinema americanum — Dagger nematode Xiphinema chambersi — Dagger nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode

VIRUSES Eremochloa ophiuroides (Centipedegrass) Satellivirus — Panicum mosaic virus FUNGI

Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta blight Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue) Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot, Melting out Cercospora sp. — Leaf spot FUNGI Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta blight Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight, Fading out Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot and Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose melting out Drechslera dictyoides — Net blotch Fusarium sp. — Fusarium blight, Basal leaf rot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis — spot Take-all Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot spot, Melting out Puccinia graminis — Rust Lanzia sp. — Dollar spot Puccinia sp. — Rust Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Pythium blight Limonomyces roseipellis — Pink patch Rhizoctonia solani — Brown patch Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf blight Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot Puccinia sp. — Rust Pyricularia grisea — Gray leaf spot Pyricularia sp. — Gray leaf spot Festuca ovina (Blue Fescue) Pythium sp. — Pythium blight, Root and sheath rot, Greasy spot FUNGI Rhizoctonia oryzae — Rhizoctonia blight Rhizoctonia solani — Large patch, Brown patch, Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal rot Rhizoctonia blight Rhizoctonia zeae — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia blight Festuca rubra (Red Fescue) Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia leaf blight FUNGI Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot Sclerotinia sp. — Dollar spot Pythium sp. — Pythium blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia NEMATODES blight

Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Festuca sp. (Creeping Red Fescue) Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Hemicycliophora sp. — Sheath nematode FUNGI Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Hoplolaimus galeatus — Lance nematode Puccinia sp. — Rust Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode

Festuca sp. (Fescue) Hordeum sp. (Barley)

FUNGI FUNGI

Acremonium coenophialum — Snow mold Alternaria sp. — Kernel blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Bipolaris sorokiniana — Bipolaris spot blotch Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf blight Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris spot blotch Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Drechslera teres — Net blotch Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Erysiphe graminis — Powdery mildew Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Helminthosporium gramineum — Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot, Melting Helminthosporium leaf spot out, Net blotch Helminthosporium sativum — Spot blotch Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Helminthosporium sorokinianum — Fusarium sp. — Fusarium blight, Leaf spot Helminthosporium leaf spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Helminthosporium sp. — Barley stripe, Spot spot, Crown rot, Melting out blotch Laetisaria fuciformis — Red thread Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Septoria nodorum — Septoria leaf spot Leptosphaerulina trifolii — Leptosphaerulina leaf Septoria sp. — Septoria speckled leaf blotch blight Ustilago nuda — Loose smut Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf Ustilago tritici — Loose smut blight Marasmius sp. — Fairy ring VIRUSES Melanotus phillipsii — White blight, White patch Melanotus sp. — White patch Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf mosaic virus Microdochium nivale — Pink snow mold, Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus Fusarium patch Nigrospora sp. — Nigrospora blight Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Lolium multiflorum (Annual Ryegrass) Puccinia coronata — Crown rust Puccinia graminis - Rust FUNGI Puccinia sp. — Rust Pyricularia grisea — Gray leaf spot Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf Pythium sp. — Pythium blight, Cottony blight, blight Root rot, Damping off Rhizoctonia cerealis — Yellow patch Rhizoctonia solani — Brown patch Lolium perenne (Perennial Ryegrass) Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia blight FUNGI Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Aschochyta sp. — Aschochyta blight Ustilago striiformis — Stripe smut Drechslera dictyoides — Drechslera leaf spot Ustilago sp. — Stripe smut Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf blight NEMATODES Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia blight Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Lolium sp. (Ryegrass) Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode FUNGI Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Bipolaris sorokiniana — Spot blotch Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

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Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Oryza sativa (Rice) Drechslera dictyoides — Net blotch Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot, Melting FUNGI out Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf brown spot, Black spot spot Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Laetisaria fuciformis — Red thread Oryza sp. (Rice) Leptosphaerulina trifolii — Leptosphaerulina leaf blight FUNGI Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf blight Alternaria alternata — Alternaria leaf spot Microdochium nivale — Fusarium patch Curvularia sp. — Glume mold Puccinia sp. — Rust Helminthosporium sp. — Black spot Pythium sp. — Pythium blight, Damping off, Penicillium sp. — Blue mold Root rot Pyricularia grisea — Blast Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia blight, Damping off Sclerotinia sp. — Dollar spot Panicum dichotomiflorum (Fall Panicgrass)

NEMATODES FUNGI

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Panicum miliaceum (Proso Millet)

Microstegium vimineum (Japanese Stilt Grass) FUNGI

FUNGI Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot

Drechslera gigantea — Zonate leaf spot Panicum ramosum (Browntop Millet)

Miscanthus sp. (Miscanthus) FUNGI

FUNGI Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Leptosphaeria sp. — Miscanthus blight NEMATODES

Muhlenbergia sp. (Muhly Grass) Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode

FUNGI Panicum sp. (Panic Grass) Magnaporthe grisea — Gray leaf spot Phaeosphaeria acori — Leptosphaeria leaf spot FUNGI

NEMATODES Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Puccinia sp. — Rust Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

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Paspalum dilatatum (Dallisgrass) Phalaris arundinacea (Reed Canary Grass)

FUNGI FUNGI

Claviceps paspali — Ergot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Claviceps sp. — Ergot Cladosporium sp. — Leaf mold Fusarium heterosporum — Fusarium head mold Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot

Paspalum notatum (Bahiagrass) Phalaris sp. (Reed Canary Grass) FUNGI FUNGI Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia blight, Sheath rot Poa annua (Annual Bluegrass)

NEMATODES FUNGI

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch

Paspalum vaginatum (Seashore Paspalum) Poa pratensis (Kentucky Bluegrass) FUNGI FUNGI Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot Aschochyta sp. — Aschochyta blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch Pennisetum glaucum (Pearl Millet) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

FUNGI Poa trivialis (Rough Bluegrass) Pyricularia sp. — Gray leaf spot, Blight FUNGI

Pennisetum setaceum (Fountain Grass) Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Leptosphaerulina trifolii — Leptosphaerulina leaf FUNGI spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Bipolaris sp. — Eye spot Rhizoctonia cerealis — Yellow patch Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia blight

Pennisetum sp. (Pennisetum) NEMATODES

FUNGI Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Bipolaris sp. — Eye spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot Poa sp. (Bluegrass)

FUNGI

Aschochyta sp. — Aschochyta leaf spot

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Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Sorghum bicolor (Milo) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Erysiphe graminis — Powdery mildew FUNGI Exserohilum rostratum — Exserohilum leaf spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose spot, Melting out Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stalk rot Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf blight spot Nigrospora sp. — Nigrospora blight Macrophomina phaseoli — Macrophomina stalk Puccinia sp. — Rust rot Rhizoctonia cerealis — Yellow patch Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot

NEMATODES Secale cereale (Rye) Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode FUNGI Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Bipolaris sorokiniana — Bipolaris leaf spot and crown rot Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot Sorghum halepense (Johnsongrass) Helminthosporium sorokinianum — Helminthosporium leaf spot, Seedling blight VIRUSES

Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus Secale sp. (Rye) Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - a Waikavirus — Maize chlorotic dwarf virus FUNGI

Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Sorghum sudanense (Sudan Grass) Bipolaris sorokiniana — Bipolaris leaf blotch Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot, FUNGI Helminthosporium leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Curvularia sp. — Seed mold Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Gray leaf Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose spot, Crown and root rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Puccinia sp. — Rust Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Pyricularia sp. — Gray leaf spot spot Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot, Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pythium blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia NEMATODES blight Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode NEMATODES

Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Sorghum sp. (Sorghum) nematode FUNGI VIRUSES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Aspergillus sp. — Head mold Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Gray leaf spot

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Cladosporium sp. — Leaf mold Phyllachora graminis — Tar spot Claviceps sp. — Ergot Puccinia graminis — Rust Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Puccinia stenotaphri — Rust Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Red leaf spot Puccinia sp. — Rust Exserohilum sp. — Exserohilum leaf blight Pyricularia grisea — Gray leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root and stalk Pyricularia sp. — Gray leaf spot rot, Head blight Pythium sp. — Pythium blight, Root and crown Gloeocercospora sorghi — Zonate leaf spot rot Gloeocercospora splendens — Zonate leaf spot Rhizoctonia solani — Large patch, Brown patch, Gloeocercospora sp. — Zonate leaf spot Rhizoctonia blight Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Rhizoctonia zeae — Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath spot, Leaf blight spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot

NEMATODES NEMATODES

Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Hemicycliophora sp. — Sheath nematode nematode Hoplolaimus galeatus — Lance nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Meloidogyne graminis — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode VIRUSES Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus Trichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - a Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - b VIRUSES

Stenotaphrum secundatum (St. Augustinegrass) Satellivirus — Panicum mosaic virus

FUNGI Stipa tenuifolia (Feather Grass) Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta blight Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot, Melting out FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Bipolaris sorokinianum — Bipolaris leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot and Triticum sp. (Wheat) melting out Exserohilum rostratum — Exserohilum leaf spot, BACTERIA Melting out Exserohilum sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens — Basal Fusarium sp. — Fusarium basal leaf rot glume rot Gaeumanomyces sp. — Take-all Xanthomonas sp. — Black chaff Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot FUNGI Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Marasmius sp. — Fairy ring Alternaria sp. — Alternaria glume blotch, Leaf Nigrospora sp. — Nigrospora blight blight, Black point Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Ascochyta tritici — Ascochyta leaf spot

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Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot x Triticosecale sp. (Triticale) Aspergillus flavus — Grain mold Bipolaris sorokiniana — Scab FUNGI Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot, Scab Cladosporium sp. — Sooty mold, Black head Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot mold Claviceps purpurea — Ergot VIRUSES Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus Drechslera tritici-repentis — Tan spot Drechslera sp. — Tan spot Eipcoccum nigrum — Black head mold Zea mays (Corn) Epicoccum purpurescens — Sooty mold Epicoccum sp. — Sooty mold BACTERIA Erysiphe graminis — Powdery mildew Erysiphe graminis var. tritici — Powdery mildew Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial stalk rot Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial stalk rot Fusarium moniliforme — Fusarium culm rot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot, Seedling FUNGI blight Gaeumannomyces graminis — Take-all Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Gaeumannomyces sp. — Take-all Aspergillus flavus — Aspergillus ear rot Gloeosporium sp. — Black point Bipolaris maydis — Southern corn leaf blight Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Bipolaris sp. — Southern corn leaf blight spot Cercospora sorghi var. maydis — Gray leaf spot Oidium monilioides — Powdery mildew Cercospora sp. — Gray leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Puccinia graminis-tritici — Leaf rust Curvularia sp. — Curvularia leaf spot Puccinia recondita — Leaf rust Exserohilum turcicum — Northern corn leaf Puccinia stiiformis — Stripe rust, Yellow rust blight Puccinia sp. — Leaf rust Fusarium moniliforme — Fusarium ear and root Pyrenophora tritici-repentis — Tan spot rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Sheath blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium ear, stalk and stem rot, Septoria nodorum — Septoria glume blotch, Leaf Damping-off blotch Gloeocercospora sorghi — Zonate leaf spot Septoria sp. — Septoria glume blotch, Leaf blotch Gloeocercospora sp. — Zonate leaf spot Stagonospora nodorum — Stagonospora blotch, Helminthosporium carbonum — Northern corn Glume blotch leaf blight Urocystis agropyri — Flag smut Helminthosporium maydis — Southern corn leaf Ustilago nuda — Loose smut blight Ustilago tritici — Loose smut Helminthosporium turticum — Northern corn leaf blight NEMATODES Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Macrophomina phaseoli — Charcoal rot Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Peronosclerospora sorghi — Sorghum downy mildew VIRUSES Phoma sp. — Red root rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Bymovirus — Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot, Yellow Furovirus — Wheat soil-borne mosaic virus leaf blight Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus Puccinia polysora — Southern corn rust Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus - pav Puccinia sorghi — Common rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stalk rot, Damping off

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Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot NEMATODES Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stalk rot, Damping off Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Rhizopus sp. — Rhizpous ear rot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Sclerophthora macrospora — Crazy top downy Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode mildew Sclerospora sorghi — Sorghum downy mildew Setosphaeria turcica — Northern corn leaf blight Zoysia japonica x Z. tenuifolia (Zoysiagrass – Ustilago maydis — Common smut ‘Emerald’) Ustilago sp. — Common smut FUNGI NEMATODES Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode spot and crown rot Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot nematode Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf blight Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Puccinia sp. — Leaf rust Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium blight Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Rhizoctonia solani — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode blight Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode blight

VIRUSES NEMATODES

Nucleorhabdovirus — Corn mosaic virus Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus – a Hoplolaimus galeatus — Lance nematode Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - b Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - k Waikavirus — Maize chlorotic dwarf virus Zoysia sp. (Zoysiagrass)

Zoysia japonica (Zoysiagrass – ‘El Torro’, FUNGI ‘Meyer’, ‘Zenith’) Bipolaris sp. — Bipolaris leaf spot FUNGI Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta blight Curvularia lunata — Curvularia blight Colletotrichum graminicola — Anthracnose Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Drechslera sp. — Drechslera leaf spot and Curvularia sp. — Curvularia blight melting out Gaeumannomyces graminis— Take-all root rot Exserohilum rostratum — Exserohilum leaf spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium Fusarium sp. — Fusarium blight fading out, Helminthosporium melting out Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot spot, Helminthosporium crown rot, Melting out, Puccinia graminicola — Leaf rust Fading out Puccinia graminis — Rust Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp. — Dollar spot Puccinia sp. — Leaf rust Leptosphaerulina sp. — Leptosphaerulina leaf Rhizoctonia solani — Large patch, Brown patch, blight Rhizoctonia blight Mycoleptodiscus indicus — Leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia Ophiosphaerella sp. — Spring dead spot blight Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf blight Sclerotinia homeocarpa— Dollar spot Puccinia zoysia — Leaf rust

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Puccinia sp. — Leaf rust Phlox paniculata (Perennial Phlox) Pythium sp. — Pythium blight Rhizoctonia solani — Large patch, Brown patch, FUNGI Rhizoctonia blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Brown patch, Rhizoctonia Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot blight, Yellow spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Sclerotinia homeocarpa — Dollar spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot NEMATODES Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown Hoplolaimus galeatus — Lance nematode and stem rot Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode rot Mesocriconema sp. — Ring nematode Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot PODOCARPACEAE

Podocarpus macrophyllus (Japanese Yew) Phlox pilosa (Woodland Phlox)

FUNGI FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Podocarpus sp. (Podocarpus) rot Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phlox subulata (Moss Phlox) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback FUNGI Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma leaf spot, Macrophoma twig blight Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis stem blight Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis needle blight Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Phoma sp. — Phoma dieback Choanephora sp. — Choanephora blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot Peronospora phlogina — Downy mildew Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot Phoma sp. — Phoma blight, Phoma dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot, POLEMONIACEAE Thielaviopsis crown rot Thielaviopsis sp. — Black root rot Phlox divaricata (Wild Blue Phlox) VIRUSES FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus

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Phlox sp. (Phlox) Rumex sp. (Curly Dock)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot

FUNGI POLYPODIACEAE Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Platycerium sp. (Staghorn Fern) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Erysiphe sp. — Powdery mildew Myrothecium roridum — Myrothecium stem rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Peronospora phlogina — Downy mildew Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phoma sp. — Phoma blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot Colletotrichum leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Damping off, Web blight Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Rumohra adiantiformis (Leatherleaf Fern) Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot FUNGI

POLYGONACEAE Gloeosporium sp. — Leaf necrosis

Antigonon leptopus (Coral Vine) PORTULACACEAE FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Lewisia longipetala (Long-petaled Lewisia)

FUNGI Polygonum bistorta (Snakeweed) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot NEMATODES

Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Portulaca sp. (Moss Rose)

FUNGI Polygonum orientale (Princess Feather) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot

Pythium sp. — Damping off Rhizoctonia sp. — Damping off PRIMULACEAE

Cyclamen sp. (Cyclamen) Rheum sp. (Rhubarb) FUNGI FUNGI Cylindrocarpon sp. — Cylindrocarpon root rot Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

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Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight VIRUSES

Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Anemone hupehensis (Japanese Anemone)

FUNGI Lysimachia numularia (Creeping Charlie) Botrytis cinerea — Collar rot FUNGI

Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Anemone sp. (Windflower) Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern stem blight FUNGI

PROTEACEAE Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Protea sp. (Protea) Aquilegia canadensis (Eastern Columbine) FUNGI FUNGI Pythium sp. — Damping off Rhizoctonia sp. — Damping off Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora crown rot and root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot PTERIDACEAE Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and root rot Adiantum raddianum (Tassel Fern) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White mold stem rot

FUNGI Aquilegia sp. (Columbine) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot BACTERIA

Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial crown rot, PUNICACEAE Leaf spot Pseudomonas viridiflava — Bacterial leaf spot, Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Petiole rot

FUNGI FUNGI

Cercospora lythracearum — Cercospora leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta leaf spot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma dieback Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight, Crown and Mycosphaerella lythracearum — Leaf blotch and petiole rot fruit spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Sphaceloma sp. — Scab Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora petiole rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot RANUNCULACEAE Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Aconitum sp. (Monkshood) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia white mold FUNGI Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

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Cimicifuga sp. (Bugbane) Thievalopsis basicola — Black root rot

FUNGI NEMATODES

Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

NEMATODES Delphinium sp. (Larkspur)

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode BACTERIA

Pseudomonas cichorii — Bacterial stem rot Clematis armandii (Clematis) Pseudomonas delphinii — Bacterial stem rot Xanthomonas campestris pv.vescatoria — FUNGI Bacterial spot

Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, tip blight, FUNGI and canker Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium leaf spot Diaporthe sp. — Stem canker Monilinia fructicola — Brown rot Clematis x jackmanii (Clematis) Phoma sp. — Phoma stem canker and leaf spot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phoma stem canker FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotium delphinii — Southern blight Ascochyta sp. — Ascochyta stem canker Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phoma clematidina — Clematis wilt, Stem rot, Helleborus orientalis (Lenten Rose) Leaf spot FUNGI

Clematis terniflora (Sweet Autumn Clematis) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp.— Fusarium root rot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Helleborus sp. (Lenten Rose)

FUNGI Clematis sp. (Clematis) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and crown rot Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold, Botrytis blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phoma clematidina — Phoma stem and leaf Thalictrum speciosissimum (Meadow Rue) blight, Clematis wilt Phoma sp. — Phoma stem rot FUNGI Phyllosticta clematidis — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot

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Trollius ledebourii (Globeflower) Chaenomeles speciosa (Flowering Quince)

FUNGI FUNGI

Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Gymnosporangium clavipes — Cedar-qunice rust

ROSACEAE Chaenomeles sp. (Flowering Quince)

Alchemilla mollis (Lady's Mantle) BACTERIA

FUNGI Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Erwinia sp. — Fire blight Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium crown and root rot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Gymnosporangium sp. — Rust

Alchemilla sp. (Lady's Mantle) Cotoneaster salicifolius (Willowleaf BACTERIA Cotoneaster)

Pseudomonas cichorii — Bacterial spot FUNGI

FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Cotoneaster sp. (Cotoneaster) Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot FUNGI

Amelanchier arborea (Serviceberry) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phyllosticta cotoneastri — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Gymnosporangium sp. — Cedar-apple rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot and foliar blight Amelanchier sp. (Serviceberry)

FUNGI Crataegus sp. (Hawthorn)

Ascochyta sp. —Ascochyta leaf spot BACTERIA

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Aruncus aesthusifolius (Aruncus) FUNGI FUNGI Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf spot Gymnosporangium globosum — Rust Gymnosporangium sp. — Rust

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Cydonia oblonga (Qunice) Fragaria x ananassa (Strawberry)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Gymnosporangium clavipes — Cedar-qunice rust Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial wilt Xanthomonas campestris — Angular leaf spot Xanthomonas fragariae — Angular leaf spot Duchesnea indica (Indian Strawberry) FUNGI FUNGI Armillaria mellea — Armillaria crown rot Frommea duchesneae — Rust Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria fruit rot Frommea obtusa var. duchesneae — Rust Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold, Botrytis blight, Peronospora potentillae — Downy mildew Fruit rot Botrytis sp. — Gray mold, Botrytis blight, Fruit rot, Leaf spot Eriobotrya japonica (Loquat) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium fruit mold BACTERIA Colletotrichum acutatum — Anthracnose fruit rot Colletotrichum fragariae — Anthracnose Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Anthracnose Erwinia sp. — Fire blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose crown and fruit rot FUNGI Dendrophoma obscurans — Phomopsis leaf blight Armillaria tabescens — Armillaria root rot, Dendrophoma sp. — Phomopsis leaf blight Mushroom rot Diplocarpon earliana — Leaf scorch Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Diplocarpon sp. — Leaf scorch Botryosphaeria obtusa — Frogeye leaf spot, Diplodia sp. — Diplodia root rot Black rot Discohainesia sp. — Tan-brown rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Frommea obtusa — Rust dieback Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium crown rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown and root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf Gnomonia comari — Gnomonia leaf blotch, spot Stem-end rot Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot Gnomonia fragariae — Stem-end rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Gnomonia sp. — Gnomonia leaf blotch, Stem-end Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthroa root Hainesia lythri — Hainesia leaf spot and crown rot Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Phytophthora drechsleri — Phytophthora root rot Mycosphaerella fragariae — Common leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Mycosphaerella sp. — Common leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Peronospora potentillae — Downy mildew Phomopsis obscurans — Phomopsis leaf blight Exochorda sp. (Pearlbush) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf blight Phytophthora cactorum — Phytophthora crown NEMATODES and root rot, Leather rot Phytophthora fragariae — Red stele Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown, petiole and root rot, Leather rot Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot, Black root rot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia root rot, Aerial blight

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Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia bud, crown, Kerria japonica (Japanese Rose) petiole and root rot, Black root rot, Hard rot Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus rot, Leaf spot FUNGI Ramularia tulasnei — Ramularia leaf spot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia crown rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Sclerotinia sp. — Sclerotinia crown rot Cylindrosporium kerriae — Cylindrosporium leaf Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight blight Sphaerotheca macularis — Powdery mildew Nectria sp. — Nectria canker Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew Verticillium sp. — Black root rot Zythia fragariae — Leaf blotch Malus sylvestris pumila (Common Apple)

NEMATODES BACTERIA

Aphelenchoides fragariae — Foliar nematode Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode FUNGI Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode and canker Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Bitter rot Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae — Cedar- apple rust VIRUSES Phomopsis mali — Phomopsis canker, Rough bark Luteovirus — Strawberry mild yellow edge virus Physalospora obtusa — Apple black rot Venturia inaequalis — Apple scab

Geum borisii (Geum) Malus sp. (Apple, Crabapple) FUNGI BACTERIA Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Erwinia sp. — Fire blight Pseudomonas syringae — Blister spot Geum sp. (Geum) FUNGI BACTERIA Alternaria mali — Alternaria blotch Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot, Core rot, Blotch FUNGI Armillaria mellea — Oak root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot, Oak root rot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Botryosphaeria dothidea — White rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Crown rot Botryosphaeria obtusa — Frogeye leaf spot, Peronospora potentillae — Downy mildew Black rot Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Botryosphaeria ribis — Botryosphaeria canker Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot and canker, Frogeye leaf spot, White rot, Fruit rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum acutatum — Bitter rot Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Bitter rot Colletotrichum sp. — Bitter rot Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback

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Dothiorella sp. — Stem canker, White rot FUNGI Entomosporium maculatum — Fabraea leaf spot Fusicoccum aesculi — White rot Armillaria mellea — Armillaria root rot Fusicoccum sp. — White rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Gloeodes pomigena — Sooty blotch Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gloeodes sp. — Sooty blotch Entomosporium maculatum — Entomosporium Glomerella cingulata — Bitter rot leaf spot Gymnosporangium clavipes — Quince rust Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae — Cedar- spot apple rust Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot Gymnosporangium sp. — Cedar-apple rust, Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Quince rust Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Helminthosporium papulosum — Black pox Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma dieback Microthyriella rubi — Fly speck Monochaetia sp. — Monochaetia leaf spot Photinia serrulata (Chinese Photinia) Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phoma sp. — Phoma fruit and leaf spot, Dieback FUNGI Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Entomosporium maculatum — Entomosporium Physalospora obtusa — Physalospora canker, leaf spot Black rot Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Physalospora sp. — Black rot Sphaerotheca pannosa — Powdery mildew Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew rot Podosphaera leucotricha — Powdery mildew Podosphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Photinia sp. (Photinia) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus fruit rot BACTERIA Schizothyrium pomi — Flyspeck Schizothyrium sp. — Flyspeck Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Sphaeropsis malorum — Black rot, Sphaeropsis Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight canker Erwinia sp. — Fire blight Sphaeropsis sp. — Black rot Venturia inaequalis — Apple scab FUNGI Venturia sp. — Apple scab Armillaria mellea — Armillaria root rot, Oak root NEMATODES rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Cytospora sp. — Cytospora dieback VIRUSES Diplodia sp. — Diplodia canker Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Nepovirus — Tomato ringspot virus Entomosporium maculata — Entomosporium leaf spot Entomosporium maculatum — Entomosporium Photinia x fraseri (Photinia) leaf spot Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf BACTERIA spot Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Glomerella sp. — Anthracnose Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew

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Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot Prunus caroliniana (Cherry Laurel) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Septoria ravenelii — Septoria leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Taphrina cerasi — Witches broom, Leaf blister, Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Leaf curl Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia aerial blight, Root rot Septoria photiniae — Septoria leaf spot Prunus cerasifera (Purple-leaf Plum) Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Sphaerotheca pannosa — Powdery mildew FUNGI

NEMATODES Apiosporina morbosa — Black knot Dibotryon morbosum — Black knot Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode

Prunus cerasus (Sour Cherry – Physocarpus sp. (Ninebark) ‘Montmorency’)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch

Potentilla sp. (Cinquefoil) Prunus x incam (Okame Cherry)

FUNGI FUNGI

Peronospora potentillae — Downy mildew Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Prunus armeniaca (Apricot)

BACTERIA Prunus insititia (Damson Plum)

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall FUNGI Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial canker Dibotryon morbosum — Black knot FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Prunus japonica (Japanese Plum) dieback Coryneum sp. — Coryneum fruit spot FUNGI Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Monilinia fructicola — Brown rot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Phoma sp. — Phoma canker Venturia sp. — Scab Prunus laurocerasus (Cherry Laurel, English Laurel, Skip Laurel) Prunus avium (Sweet Cherry – ‘Black Tartarian’) BACTERIA

BACTERIA Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall

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Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni — Bacterial Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, leaf spot Gummosis, Fruit rot Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Botrytis sp. — Botrytis fruit rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot FUNGI Cladosporium carpophilum — Scab Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium leaf spot, Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Scab Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose canker Coryneum sp. — Shot hole Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Cylindrocladium crotalariae — Cylindrocladium dieback root rot Cercospora kalmiae — Cercospora leaf spot Cytospora sp. — Cytospora canker and dieback, Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Leucostoma canker Coccomyces sp. — Coccomyces leaf spot, Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback Shothole Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot, Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gummosis Cytospora sp. — Cytospora canker Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and crown rot Microgloeum sp. — Shot hole Fusicladium sp. — Scab Phoma sp. — Phoma stem canker Fusicoccum amygdali — Constriction canker Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum canker and Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot dieback, Constriction canker Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Geotrichum sp. — Sour rot rot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root rot Glomerella cingulata — Anthracnose, Twig Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, blight Phytophthora blight Leucostoma sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Monilinia fructicola — Brown rot, Blossom spot blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Monilinia sp. — Brown rot, Blossom blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Thielaviopsis sp. — Black root rot Penicillium sp. — Blue mold Phoma sp. — Phoma canker Phomopsis amygdali — Phomopsis leaf spot Prunus persica (Peach, Nectarine) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, Leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot BACTERIA Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora crown and root rot Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall rot Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial canker Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot, Bacterial Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot canker Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus rot, Fruit rot Xanthomonas arboricola — Bacterial spot Schizophyllum commune — Wood rot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial spot Sphaerotheca pannosa — Powdery mildew Xanthomonas pruni — Bacterial leaf spot Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial spot Taphrina deformans — Leaf curl Xylella fastidiosa — Phony peach Tranzschelia sp. — Leaf rust Venturia carpophila — Fruit spot FUNGI NEMATODES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot, Fruit rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode canker, Gummosis Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Botryosphaeria rhodina — Gummosis Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode

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VIROIDS Prunus x snofozam (Weeping Cherry)

Pelamoviroid — Peach latent mosaic viroid FUNGI

VIRUSES Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Trichovirus — Apple chlorotic leaf spot Ilarvirus — Apple mosaic virus Foveavirus — Asian prunus virus 1 Prunus subhirtella (Higan Cherry) Ilarvirus — Prunus necrotic ringspot virus Nepovirus — Tomato ringspot virus FUNGI

Blumeriella jaapii — Cherry leaf spot Prunus serotina (Black Cherry, Wild Black Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cherry)

BACTERIA Prunus tomentosa (Nanking Cherry)

Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot FUNGI

FUNGI Monilinia fructicola — Blossom blight

Apiosporina morbosa — Black knot Blumeriella jaapii — Cherry leaf spot Prunus virginiana (Choke Cherry) Blumeriella sp. — Cherry leaf spot Coccomyces hiemalis — Cherry leaf spot FUNGI Coccomyces sp. — Cherry leaf spot Dibotryon morbosum — Black knot Coccomyces sp. — Shothole cherry leaf spot Dibotryon sp. — Black knot Fusicladium carpophilum — Scab Tranzschelia pruni-spinosae — Rust Prunus yedoensis (Japanese Flowering Cherry, Taphrina sp. — Leaf curl Weeping Yoshino Cherry, Yoshino Cherry)

FUNGI Prunus serrulata (Kwanzan Cherry) Apiosporina morbosa — Black knot FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and dieback Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Coccomyces sp. — Cherry leaf spot dieback Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback, Clitocybe tabescens — Root rot Leaf spot Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot spot

VIRUSES Prunus sp. (Almond)

Ilarvirus — Prunus necrotic ringspot virus FUNGI

Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus fruit rot

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Prunus sp. (Cherry) Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot BACTERIA Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall spot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Prunus sp. (Plum) FUNGI BACTERIA Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Apiosporina morbosa — Black knot Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Xanthomonas pruni — Bacterial leaf spot Blumeriella jaapii — Cherry leaf spot Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch, Plum canker leaf scald Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and dieback FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Coccomyces hiemalis — Cherry leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria fruit rot Coccomyces sp. — Cherry leaf spot Apiosporina morbosa — Black knot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Armillaria tabescens — Armillaria root rot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Dibotryon morbosum — Black knot canker Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum dieback Cladosporium carpophilum — Scab Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Scab Monilia sp. — Shoot blight Coccomyces hiemalis — Leaf spot Monilinia fructicola — Blossom blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Monilinia sp. — Brown rot Dibotryon morbosum — Black knot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback Dibotryon sp. — Black knot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Geotrichum sp. — Sour rot rot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Monilia sp. — Sour rot market disease Podosphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Monilinia fructicola — Brown rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Taphrina communis — Plum pockets Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus fruit rot Taphrina sp. — Leaf blister Taphrina communis — Plum pockets Tranzschelia discolor — Leaf rust Taphrina deformans — Leaf curl Tranzschelia sp. — Leaf rust Tranzschelia discolor — Rust Tranzschelia sp. — Leaf rust NEMATODES Venturia inaequalis — Fruit spot

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode NEMATODES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Prunus sp. (Japanese Flowering Cherry, Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Japanese Cherry)

FUNGI Prunus sp. (Wild Cherry)

Blumeriella jaapii — Cherry leaf spot FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Coccomyces hiemalis — Cherry leaf spot

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Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phoma sp. — Phoma twig dieback Dibotryon morbosum — Black knot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pyracantha coccinea (Scarlet Firethorn) NEMATODES BACTERIA Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode

Pyracantha sp. (Firethorn) Pyrus communis (Bartlett Pear)

BACTERIA BACTERIA

Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight

FUNGI FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Botryosphaeria dothidea — White rot and canker Colletotrichum acutatum — Leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Bitter rot Diplodia sp. — Twig blight Diplocarpon mespili — Fabraea leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Entomosporium maculatum — Fabraea leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Entomosporium sp. — Fabraea leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Gloeodes pomigena — Sooty blotch Sphaeropsis sp. — Sphaeropsis dieback, Stem Gymnosporangium clavipes — Cedar-quince rust gall Venturia sp. — Pear scab Venturia sp. — Scab

Pyrus pyrifolia (Asian Pear) Pyrus calleryana (Callery Pear) BACTERIA BACTERIA Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Erwinia sp. — Fire blight FUNGI

FUNGI Botryosphaeria obtusa — Black rot Gymnosporangium clavipes — Cedar-quince rust Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria canker Pyrus serotinia (Oriental Sand Pear) Botryosphaeria obtusa — Black rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and BACTERIA dieback, Leaf spot Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Bitter rot Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf spot, Dieback FUNGI Entomosporium maculatum — Fabraea leaf spot Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot spot Entomosporium sp. — Fabraea leaf spot Gymnosporangium clavipes — Quince rust Gymnosporangium globosum — Rust Gymnosporangium sp. — Rust

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Pyrus sp. (Pear) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Angular BACTERIA leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella leaf spot Erwinia sp. — Fire blight Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf spot FUNGI Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Alternaria alternata — Alternaria leaf spot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Botryosphaeria obtusa — Botryosphaeria canker, rot Black rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria quercuum — Black rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and spot dieback, Black rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Bitter rot, Colletotrichum leaf spot Entomosporium maculatum — Fabraea fruit spot Rhaphiolepis umbellata (Yedda Hawthorn) Entomosporium mespili — Fabraea leaf spot Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot, FUNGI Fabraea leaf spot Fabraea maculata — Fabraea leaf and fruit spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Fabraea sp. — Fabraea leaf spot Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot Geotrichum sp. — Sour rot Gloeodes pomigena — Sooty blotch Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Rhaphiolepis sp. (Rhaphiolepis) Glomerella cingulata — Bitter rot Gymnosporangium clavipes — Rust BACTERIA Gymnosporangium globosum — Rust Gymnosporangium sp. — Rust Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Monilinia sp. — Brown rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot FUNGI Physalospora sp. — Physalospora dieback Schizothyrium pomi — Flyspeck Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Schizothyrium sp. — Flyspeck Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Septoria sp. — Mycosphaerella leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf blight Sphaeropsis sp. — Black rot Entomosporium maculatum — Entomosporium Venturia inaequalis — Pear scab leaf spot Venturia pyrina — Pear scab Entomosporium mespili — Entomosporium leaf Venturia sp. — Pear scab spot Zygophiala jamaicensis — Flyspeck Entomosporium sp. — Entomosporium leaf spot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Rhaphiolepis indica (Indian Hawthorn) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

BACTERIA NEMATODES

Erwinia amylovora — Fire blight Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode

FUNGI

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria obtusa — Botryosphaeria dieback and canker

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Rosa banksiae (Lady Bank’s Rose, Banksia Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Rose) Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight, Gray mold, Crown rot FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Gray mold Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Diplocarpon rosae — Black spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Stem decay Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Coniothyrium fuckelii — Brand canker, Common Podosphaera pannosa — Powdery mildew canker Coniothryrium wernsdorffiae — Brand canker Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium cane blight, Rosa floribunda (Rose) Brand canker Cryptosporella umbrina — Brown canker FUNGI Cylindrocarpon sp. — Cutting rot Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium root and Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot crown rot Cytosporella sp. — Brown canker Diplocarpon rosae — Black spot Rosa laevigata (Cherokee Rose) Diplocarpon sp. — Black spot Diplodia sp. — Diplodia dieback FUNGI Dothiorella sp. — Dothiorella dieback and canker Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Diplocarpon rosae — Black spot Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Sphaerotheca pannosa — Powdery mildew Glomerella cingulata — Dieback Glomerella sp. — Stem necrosis Leptosphaeria coniothyrium — Common stem Rosa odorata (Tea Rose) canker Nectria sp. — Nectria canker FUNGI Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Peronospora sparsa — Downy mildew Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Phoma sp. — Phoma dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker and dieback Peronospora sparsa — Downy mildew Phragmidium sp. — Rust Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Rosa sp. (Climbing Rose) rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf FUNGI spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Thread blight Sphaerotheca pannosa — Powdery mildew Rosa sp. (Rose) Sphaerotheca rosae — Powdery mildew Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew BACTERIA Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall NEMATODES Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode FUNGI VIRUSES Armillaria mellea — Armillaria root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Emaravirus — Rose rosette virus Botryosphaeria ribis — Botryosphaeria canker Ilarvirus — Apple mosaic virus

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Ilarvirus — Prunus necrotic ringspot virus BACTERIA

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Rubus allegheniensis (Blackberry) Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall

FUNGI FUNGI

Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium cane blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria fruit rot Kuehneola uredinis — Cane and leaf rust Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria cane canker Rubus calycinoides (Creeping Raspberry) Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryospaheria dieback Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold FUNGI Botrytis sp. — Botrytis fruit rot Cercospora rubi — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cercosporella rubi — Double blossom, Rosette Cercosporella sp. — Rosette Rubus idaeus (Red Raspberry) Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium fruit mold Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, FUNGI Colletotrichum rot Coniothyrium fuckelli — Coniothyrium cane Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria canker canker Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium cane blight, Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Cane dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Elsinoe veneta — Anthracnose Coniothyrium fuckelii — Coniothyrium cane Elsinoe sp. — Anthracnose blight Gymnoconia interstitialis — Orange rust Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium cane blight Gymnoconia nitens — Orange rust Didymella applanata — Spur blight Gymnoconia sp. — Orange rust Phragmidium rubidae — Raspberry yellow rust Kuehneola uredinis — Cane and leaf rust Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Kunkelia nitens — Orange rust Pucciniastrum americanum — Late leaf rust Leptosphaeria coniothyrium — Cane blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Leptosphaeria sp. — Cane blight Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot NEMATODES Phoma sp. — Spur blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode spot Septoria rubi — Septoria leaf spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Rubus occidentalis (Black Raspberry) Sphaerotheca sp. — Powdery mildew

FUNGI VIRUSES

Gymnoconia peckiana — Orange rust Crinivirus — Blackberry yellow vein-associated Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot virus Luteovirus — Raspberry leaf curl virus Nepovirus — Tobacco ringspot virus Rubus sp. (Blackberry) Nepovirus — Tomato ringspot virus

ALGAE

Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot Cephaleuros sp. — Cane blotch

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Rubus sp. (Boysenberry) Rubus sp. (Trailing Boysenberry)

FUNGI FUNGI

Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium cane blight Coniothyrium sp. — Stem canker

Rubus sp. (Creeping Raspberry) Spiraea japonica (Japanese Spirea)

FUNGI FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem and root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Spiraea x bumalda (Bumald Spirea) Rubus sp. (Raspberry) FUNGI BACTERIA Cylindrosporium filipendulae — Leaf spot Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot

FUNGI Spiraea sp. (Spirea) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and FUNGI dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Coniothyrium fuckelii — Coniothyrium cane Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Coniothyrium sp. — Coniothyrium cane blight Cylindrosporium rubi — Cylindrosporium leaf NEMATODES spot Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Leptosphaeria coniothyrium — Cane blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot RUBIACEAE Pucciniastrum americanum — Late leaf rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Coprosma sp. (Mirrorplant) Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Sphaerulina rubi — Sphaerulina leaf spot NEMATODES Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Rubus sp. (Rubus) Galium odoratum (Sweet Woodruff) FUNGI FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Web blight Phoma sp. — Dieback, Phoma canker

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Galium sp. — Bedstraw Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root and crown rot FUNGI Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Gardenia jasminoides (Cape Jasmine) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

BACTERIA NEMATODES

Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot

FUNGI Pentas sp. (Pentas)

Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. —Rhizoctonia root rot Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot

NEMATODES Pinckneya sp. (Fever Tree) Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematodes FUNGI

Gardenia sp. (Dwarf Gardenia) Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot

FUNGI RUTACEAE Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Citrus aurantifolia (Key Lime) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI NEMATODES Gloeosporium limetticola — Lime withertip, Lime Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode anthracnose

Gardenia sp. (Gardenia) Citrus limon (Lemon)

BACTERIA BACTERIA

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus — Citrus Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot greening

FUNGI FUNGI

Botrytis sp. — Botrytis bud rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Phoma sp. — Phoma canker Phomopsis gardeniae — Phomopsis canker Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot

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Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit) Ruta sp. (Rue)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus — Citrus Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot greening Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Citrus paradisi x reticulate (Ugli Fruit) Skimmia x foremanii (Skimmia)

FUNGI FUNGI

Mycosphaerella citri — Citrus greasy spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Citrus reticulata (Mandarin, Tangerine, SALICACEAE Satsuma) Populus deltoides (Eastern Cottonwood) BACTERIA FUNGI Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus — Citrus greening Melampsora medusa — Rust Melampsora sp. — Rust FUNGI

Colletotrichum gloeospoioides — Anthracnose Populus nigra (Lombardy Poplar)

FUNGI Citrus sinensis (Sweet Orange) Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose BACTERIA Cryptodiaporthe populea — Ink spot Marssonina populi — Leaf spot Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus — Citrus greening Populus sp. (Poplar)

Citrus x tangelo (Tangelo) FUNGI

FUNGI Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria canker Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose fruit rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cryptodiaporthe populea — Ink spot Citrus sp. (Orange) Marssonina sp. — Anthracnose Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback FUNGI Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot

Cladosporium sp. — Scab NEMATODES Geotrichum candidum — Sour rot Penicillium digitatum — Green mold Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Sphaceloma fawcetti — Citrus scab

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Salix babylonica (Weeping Willow) Salix sepulcralis (Weeping Willow)

BACTERIA FUNGI

Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback, Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall canker, and twig blight Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf FUNGI spot

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Salix sp. (Golden Willow) canker and dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot FUNGI Cryptosporium sp. — Branch canker Melampsora sp. — Rust Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Nectria sp. — Nectria canker dieback Phoma sp. — Twig blight and dieback Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Pseudocercospora salicina — Pseudocercospora Salix sp. (Willow) leaf spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf BACTERIA spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Sphaeropsis sp. — Twig blight FUNGI

Salix discolor (Pussy Willow) Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Armillaria mellea — Armillaria root rot FUNGI Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Dothiorella sp. — Branch canker dieback Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Cercospora salicina — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora salicis — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Salix matsudana (Corkscrew Willow) Cylindrosporium sp. — Cylindrosporium leaf spot Cytospora sp. — Cytospora canker and dieback FUNGI Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Macrophoma sp. — Branch canker Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Melampsora sp. — Rust Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phoma dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Monostichella salicis — Leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Twig blight and Venturia sp. — Scab dieback

SAPINDACEAE Salix pentandra (Laurel Willow) Koelreuteria paniculata (Golden Rain Tree) FUNGI FUNGI Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot

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SAXIFRAGACEAE Hydrangea arborescens (Hills-of-Snow)

Astilbe x arendsii (Astilbe) FUNGI

FUNGI Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot VIRUSES

Astilbe japonica (False Spiraea) Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus

FUNGI Hydrangea hortensis (French Hydrangea) Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem/petiole rot FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Astilbe sp. (Astilbe)

FUNGI Hydrangea macrophylla (French Hydrangea, Bigleaf Hydrangea) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, petiole, root and stem rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Colletotrichum leaf spot Corynespora cassiicola — Corynespora leaf spot Heuchera sp. (Heuchera, Coral Bells) Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria blight Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis crown rot VIRUSES Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf spot Nepovirus — Tobacco ringspot virus Cylindrocladium sp. — Cylindrocladium canker Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus and stem rot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Hydrangea quercifolia (Oak Leaf Hydrangea) Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown and root rot BACTERIA Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot, Phytophthora dieback Xanthamonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot FUNGI Puccinia heucherae — Heuchera rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root, crown and Botryosphaeria sp. —Botryosphaeria canker stem rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

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Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Ribes nigrum (Black Currant) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI

Hydrangea sp. (Hydrangea) Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew

BACTERIA Ribes sp. (Wild Currant) Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial leaf spot FUNGI

FUNGI Puccinia sp. — Rust

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold Saxifraga sp. (Saxifraga) Cercospora hydrangeae — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot FUNGI Colletotrichum acutatum — Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Pythium splendens — Pythium root rot Corynespora cassiicola — Corynespora leaf spot Corynespora sp. — Corynespora leaf spot Helminthosporium sp. — Helminthosporium leaf Tiarella sp. (False Miterwort) spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Thievalopsis basicola — Black root rot spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot SCROPHULARIACEAE

VIRUSES Antirrhinum sp. (Snapdragon)

Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus FUNGI

Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold, Botrytis blight Itea virginica (Virginia Sweetspire) Cercospora antirrhini — Cercospora leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot, FUNGI Fusarium wilt Peronospora antirrhini — Downy mildew Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot and stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phyllosticta antirrhini — Stem rot and canker Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root and stem rot Itea sp. (Itea) Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora root and stem rot FUNGI Puccinia antirrhini — Rust Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot, Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Damping off Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Damping off Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — Sclerotinia stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Verticillium sp. — Verticillium wilt

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NEMATODES Mazus sp. (Mazus)

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode NEMATODES

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Bacopa sp. (Water Hyssop)

FUNGI Nemesia sp. (Nemesia)

Botrytis sp. — Gray mold VIRUSES Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus

Calceolaria sp. (Slipperwort) Paulownia elongata (Princess Tree) FUNGI BACTERIA Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and leaf rot Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall

FUNGI Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root FUNGI and crown rot

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot NEMATODES Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode and crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Penstemon sp. (Beard Tongue)

Digitalis sp. (Foxglove) FUNGI

BACTERIA Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pseudomonas cichorii — Petiole and stem Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root necrosis and stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora stem and root FUNGI rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot NEMATODES Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

VIRUSES Mazus reptans (Mazus) Tobamovirus — Tomato ringspot virus FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot

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Phygelius sp. (Cape Fuschia) SOLANACEAE

FUNGI Calibrachoa sp. (Million Bells)

Phoma sp. — Phoma blight FUNGI

Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Torenia sp. (Torenia) Thievalopsis basicola — Black root rot

VIRUSES Capsicum annuum (Banana Pepper, Bell Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Pepper, Cayenne Pepper, Pimento Pepper, Sweet Pepper, Yellow Bell Pepper)

Veronica longifolia (Speedwell) BACTERIA

FUNGI Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial spot Ramularia sp. — Ramularia leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria — Bacterial spot

Veronica spicata (Speedwell) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria tenuis — Alternaria fruit rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria fruit rot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Peronospora grisea — Downy mildew Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight Peronospora sp. — Downy mildew Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Frogeye Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Fruit rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Ramularia sp. — Ramularia leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root and stem rot, Fusarium wilt Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Veronica sp. (Speedwell) Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, FUNGI Web blight Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Stemphylium solani — Grey leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown, root and NEMATODES stem rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Hoplolaimus columbus — Columbia lance Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot nematode Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

NEMATODES VIRUSES

Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Potyvirus — Potato virus y Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus

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Capsicum chinense (Habanero Pepper) Potyvirus — Tobacco etch virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus - l FUNGI

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Datura sp. (Thorn Apple) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI VIRUSES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus

Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry) Capsicum frutescens (Chili Pepper) FUNGI BACTERIA Colletotrichum acutatum — Anthracnose fruit rot Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

FUNGI Lycopersicon lycopersicum (Tomato)

Phytophthora capsici — Pepper blight, BACTERIA Phytophthora root rot Agrobacterium radiobacter — Crown gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Capsicum sp. (Pepper) Clavibacter michiganensis — Bacterial canker Clavibacter sp. — Bacterial canker BACTERIA Corynebacterium michiganense — Bacterial canker Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia herbicola — Bacterial soft rot Erwinia chrysanthemi — Bacterial soft rot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial spot Pectobacterium chrysanthemi — Bacterial stem Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt rot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial spot Pseudomonas corrugata — Pith necrosis Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria — Pseudomonas syringae — Bacterial speck Bacterial spot Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial speck Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt FUNGI Ralstonia sp. — Bacterial wilt Xanthomonas axonopodis — Bacterial spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris — Bacterial spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Xanthomonas perforans — Tomato bacterial spot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Xanthomonas vesicatoria — Bacterial spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial spot Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot, Damping off Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot Alternaria alternata — Black shoulder Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight, White mold Alternaria solani — Early blight Alternaria tenuissima — Nailhead spot NEMATODES Alternaria sp. — Alternaria fruit rot, Early blight Botrytis cinerea — Gray mold, Ghost spot Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Botrytis sp. — Gray mold Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Cladosporium sp. — Leaf mold VIRUSES Colletotrichum coccodes — Anthracnose Colletotrichum phomoides — Anthracnose Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose

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Corynespora cassiicola — Corynespora leaf spot Tobamovirus — Tomato mosaic virus Fulvia fulva — Leaf mold Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus - l Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, fruit, root and stem rot, Leaf spot, Fusarium wilt Macrophomina sp. — Charcoal rot Nicotiana sp. (Tobacco) Oidiopsis sicula — Powdery mildew Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew BACTERIA Phoma destructiva — Phoma rot Phoma sp. — Phoma rot, Phoma leaf spot Burkholderia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis canker Erwinia carotovora — Black leg Phytophthora capsici — Phytophthora stem and Ralstonia solanacearum — Granville wilt, root rot Bacterial wilt Phytophthora infestans — Late blight Ralstonia sp. — Granville wilt Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora parasitica — Buckeye rot, FUNGI Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora fruit and root Alternaria alternata — Brown spot rot, Buckeye rot, Late blight Alternaria tenius — Brown spot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Alternaria sp. — Brown spot spot Cercospora nicotianae — Frogeye leaf spot Pythium aphanidermatum — Pythium root rot Fusarium oxysporum — Fusarium wilt Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot Fusarium tricinctum — Fusarium stalk rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot, Wilt Damping off Peronospora tabacina — Blue mold Rhizopus sp. — Rhizopus fruit rot Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum — White rot, Sclerotinia Phytophthora parasitica — Black shank stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Black shank Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight Rhizoctonia solani — Sore shin, Damping off, Septoria lycopersici — Septoria leaf spot Target spot Septoria sp. — Septoria leaf spot, Septoria blight Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot, Stemphylium solani — Gray leaf spot Sore shin, Target spot Stemphylium sp. — Gray leaf spot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight NEMATODES NEMATODES Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Hoplolaimus sp. — Lance nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita — Root-knot nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Scutellonema sp. — Spiral nematode VIRUSES Tylenchorhynchus sp. — Stunt nematode Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus VIRUSES Potyvirus — Potato virus y Potyvirus — Tobacco etch virus Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus Tobamovirus — Tobacco mosaic virus Cucumovirus — Tomato aspermy virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Nepovirus — Tobacco ringspot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus - l Potyvirus — Potato virus y Potyvirus — Tomato etch virus Tobamovirus — Tobacco mosaic virus

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Petunia x hybrida (Wave Petunia, Petunia) Phomopsis vexans — Phomopsis fruit rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot BACTERIA Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

Acidovorax (Pseudomonas) facilis — Bacterial NEMATODES leaf spot FUNGI Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Stem rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora crown, root and stem rot Solanum tuberosum (Irish Potato) Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot BACTERIA Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Erwinia carotovora — Bacterial soft rot, Black NEMATODES leg Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Streptomyces scabies — Common scab Streptomyces sp. — Common scab

Petunia sp. (Petunia) FUNGI

FUNGI Alternaria solani — Early blight Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot, Early blight Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Fusarium sp. — Fusarium dry rot, Fusarium tuber Fusarium sp. — Fusarium crown, root and stem rot rot Phoma sp. — Phoma stem rot Phytophthora cryptogea — Phytophthora root rot Rhizoctonia solani — Rhizoctonia canker Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root and stem rot and stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem Sclerotium sp. — Southern blight rot Spongospora subterranean — Powdery scab Pythium sp. — Pythium crown and root rot, Spongospora sp. — Powdery scab Damping off Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root and Pythium sp. — Potato Leak stem rot, Damping off Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight NEMATODES Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Belonolaimus sp. — Sting nematode NEMATODES Helicotylenchus sp. — Spiral nematode Meloidogyne incognia — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Solanum melongena (Eggplant) VIRUSES BACTERIA Luteovirus — Potato leafroll virus Pseudomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Ralstonia solanacearum — Bacterial wilt

FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium wilt Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis fruit rot

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STYRACACEAE THEACEAE

Halesia carolina (Carolina Silverbell) Camellia japonica (Camellia)

FUNGI ALGAE

Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot FUNGI

SYMPLOCACEAE Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Symplocos sp. (Horse Sugar) dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot FUNGI Cladosporium sp. — Cladosporium bud blight Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Anthracnose Exobasidium symploci — Bud gall Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, Leaf spot Exobasidium camelliae — Exobasidium leaf gall Exobasidium sp. — Exobasidium leaf gall TAXACEAE Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Taxus brevifolia (Pacific Yew, Western Yew) Glomerella cingulata — Camellia canker and dieback FUNGI Glomerella sp. — Camellia canker and dieback Nectria sp. — Nectria canker Phytophthora syringae — Phytophthora twig Pestalotiopsis sp. — Gray leaf blight blight Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Taxus cuspidata (Japanese Yew) Phytophthora ramorum — Ramorum blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Leaf FUNGI blight Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Taxus x media (Brown's Yew) NEMATODES FUNGI Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma blight VIRUSES

Taxus sp. (Yew) Varicosavirus — Camellia yellow mottle virus

FUNGI Camellia oleifera (Tea-oil Plant) Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose FUNGI Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root and crown rot Glomerella cingulata — Camellia canker and dieback

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Camellia sasanqua (Camellia, Sasanqua) Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, tip blight, and canker ALGAE Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot

FUNGI LICHENS

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Strigula sp. — Lichenized algal leaf spot dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Camellia sp. (Camellia) Colletotrichum dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose ALGAE Exobasidium camelliae — Exobasidium leaf gall Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root rot Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot Glomerella cingulata — Camellia canker and dieback FUNGI Glomerella sp. — Camellia canker and dieback Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Pestalotiopsis sp. — Pestalotiopsis leaf spot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback, tip blight, Botrytis sp. — Flower blight and canker Cercospora theae — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora ramorum — Ramorum blight Ciborinia camelliae — Flower blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Leaf Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose, blight Colletotrichum crown rot, Dieback Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Exobasidium camelliae — Leaf gall Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Exobasidium sp. — Leaf gall Glomerella cingulata — Camellia canker and LICHENS dieback Glomerella sp. — Camellia canker and dieback Strigula sp. — Lichenized algal leaf spot Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia leaf spot NEMATODES Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot VIRUSES Phytophthora ramorum — Ramorum blight Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot, Varicosavirus — Camellia yellow mottle virus Phytophthora blight Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Camellia sinensis (Tea, Tea Plant) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight ALGAE NEMATODES Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode FUNGI Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Dieback VIRUSES Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot, Anthracnose Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Glomerella cingulata — Glomerella dieback and Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus canker Varicosavirus — Camellia yellow mottle virus

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Cleyera japonica (Cleyera) Stewartia pseudocamellia (Japanese Stewartia)

FUNGI FUNGI

Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Ternstroemia) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI NEMATODES Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Cleyera sp. (Cleyera) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia leaf spot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot ALGAE

Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot THYMELAEACEAE

FUNGI Daphne odora (Winter Daphne)

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot ALGAE Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and Cephaleuros virescens — Algal leaf spot dieback Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot BACTERIA Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. — Gloeosporium leaf spot Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis crown canker, Dieback FUNGI Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root rot Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Franklinia sp. (Franklinia) Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight FUNGI NEMATODES Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode

Gordonia lasianthus (Loblolly Bay) Daphne sp. (Daphne) FUNGI BACTERIA Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall

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FUNGI FUNGI

Phytophthora cinnamomi — Phytophthora root Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria twig rot dieback Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Gnomonia ulmea — Black leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root Ophiostoma ulmi — Dutch elm disease rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Ulmus sp. (Elm) NEMATODES FUNGI Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Gnomonia ulmea — Black leaf spot Edgeworthia chrysantha (Edgeworthia, Oriental Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Paperbush) Monochaetia monochaeta — Zonate leaf spot Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew FUNGI Ophiostoma ulmi — Dutch elm disease Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Pseudocercospora sp. — Pseudocercospora leaf spot Taphrina ulmi — Leaf blister TYPHACEAE

Typha latifolia (Cattail) Zelkova serrata (Japanese Zelkova)

FUNGI FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot

Zelkova sp. (Zelkova) ULMACEAE FUNGI Celtis sp. (Hackberry) Phoma sp. — Phoma leaf spot FUNGI

Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot VERBENACEAE

Ulmus alata (Winged Elm) Callicarpa americana (Beautyberry)

FUNGI FUNGI

Ophiostoma ulmi — Dutch elm disease Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora crown and root rot

Ulmus americana (American Elm) Callicarpa sp. (Beautyberry) BACTERIA FUNGI Xylella fastidiosa — Bacterial leaf scorch Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot

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Caryopteris sp. (Bluebeard) VIRUSES

FUNGI Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot Verbena sp. ‘Aztec’ (Verbena)

FUNGI Lantana camara (Yellow Sage) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot FUNGI

Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Verbena sp. (Verbena) Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Puccinia lantanae — Rust BACTERIA

Pseudomonas cichorii — Bacterial leaf spot, Lantana sp. (Lantana) Stem necrosis Pseudomonas syringae —Bacterial blight BACTERIA FUNGI Xanthomonas sp. — Bacterial leaf spot Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot FUNGI Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Fusarium sp. — Fusarium root, crown and stem Corynespora cassiicola — Corynespora leaf spot rot Puccinia lantanae — Rust Oidium sp. — Powdery mildew Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora crown NEMATODES rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root and crown rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown and root rot

Phyla nodiflora (Turkey Tangle Fogfruit) NEMATODES

FUNGI Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode

Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot VIRUSES Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern stem blight Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus Verbena canadensis (Rose Verbena) Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus - l

FUNGI Vitex sp. (Vitex) Phoma/Phyllosticta sp. — Phyllosticta leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora stem FUNGI rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root and stem Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot rot Pythium sp. — Pythium root and stem rot

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VIOLACEAE Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root and stem rot Viola cornuta (Viola) Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot and crown rot Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia stem rot FUNGI Sclerotium rolfsii — Southern blight Sphaerotheca macularis — Powdery mildew Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Sphaceloma sp. — Scab NEMATODES

Aphelenchoides sp. — Foliar nematode Viola wittrockiana (Pansy)

FUNGI VITACEAE

Alternaria sp. — Alternaria leaf spot Cissus rhombifolia (Grape Ivy) Botrytis cinerea — Botrytis blight, Gray mold Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight, Gray mold FUNGI Cercospora violae — Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Stem Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot necrosis Colletotrichum sp. — Anthracnose Fusarium sp. — Fusarium stem rot, Damping off, Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper) Fusarium root rot Myrothecium sp. — Myrothecium leaf spot FUNGI Phytophthora cactorum — Phytophthora stem and root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora nicotianae — Phytophthora root rot, Damping off Phytophthora parasitica — Phytophthora crown, Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Boston Ivy) root and stem rot Phytophthora sp. — Phytophthora root rot FUNGI Puccinia sp. — Rust Pythium sp. — Pythium crown, root and stem rot; Glomerella cingulata — Anthracnose Damping off Phyllosticta ampelicida — Phyllosticta leaf spot Ramularia lactea — White spot Plasmopara viticola — Downy mildew Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia crown, root and Rhizoctonia sp. — Rhizoctonia root rot, Thread stem rot; Damping off blight Stemphylium sp. — Stemphylium leaf spot Thielaviopsis basicola — Black root rot Vitis aestivalis var. bourquiniana (Bourquin NEMATODES Summer Grape)

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode NEMATODES

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Viola sp. (Viola)

FUNGI Vitis labrusca (Fox Grape)

Botrytis cinerea — Leaf and stem blight, Gray BACTERIA mold Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight Xylella fastidiosa — Pierce's disease Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot Phytophthora cactorum — Phytophthora blight and dieback

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FUNGI NEMATODES

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Elsinoe ampelina — Anthracnose Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Eutypa sp. — Eutypa canker Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Greeneria uvicola — Bitter rot Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Guignardia bidwellii — Black rot Plasmopara viticola — Downy mildew Pseudocercospora vitis — Leaf blight Vitis vinifera (Grape)

NEMATODES FUNGI

Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Guignardia bidwellii — Black rot Plasmopara viticola — Downy mildew Uncinula sp. — Powdery mildew Vitis rotundifolia (Muscadine Grape, Grape) NEMATODES BACTERIA Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Agrobacterium tumefaciens — Crown gall Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Xylella fastidiosa — Pierce's disease Vitis sp. (Grape)

FUNGI BACTERIA

Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Agrobacterium sp. — Crown gall Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Xylella fastidiosa — Pierce's disease dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria canker and FUNGI dieback Cercospora brachypus — Angular leaf spot Armillaria sp. — Armillaria root rot Cercospora sp. — Cercospora leaf spot, Angular Botrytis sp. — Botrytis blight leaf spot Botryosphaeria dothidea — Botryosphaeria Colletotrichum gloeosporioides — Anthracnose canker and dieback Colletotrichum sp. — Ripe rot Botryosphaeria theobromae — Botryosphaeria Coniothyrium sp. — White rot dieback Eutypa sp. — Eutypa dieback Botryosphaeria sp. — Botryosphaeria dieback Gloeosporium sp. — Ripe rot and canker Glomerella cingulata — Ripe rot Cercospora brachypus — Angular leaf spot Glomerella sp. — Ripe rot Colletotrichum sp. — Ripe rot Greeneria uvicola — Bitter rot Coniella diplodiella — White rot Guignardia bidwellii — Black rot Elsinoe ampelina — Anthracnose Isariopsis sp. — Isariopsis leaf spot Elsinoe veneta — Anthracnose Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma rot Eutypa sp. — Eutypa canker Melanconium fuligineum — Bitter rot Fusicoccum sp. — Fusicoccum canker and Melanconium sp. — Bitter rot dieback Microsphaera sp. — Powdery mildew Gloeosporium sp. — Anthracnose Mycosphaerella angulata — Angular leaf spot Glomerella cingulata — Ripe rot Mycosphaerella sp. — Angular leaf spot Glomerella sp. — Ripe rot Phoma viticola — Phoma dieback Greeneria uvicola — Bitter rot Phyllosticta ampelicida — Black rot Guignardia bidwellii — Black rot Uncinula sp. — Powdery mildew Isariopsis sp. — Isariopsis leaf spot Macrophoma sp. — Macrophoma rot Pestalotia sp. — Pestalotia stem spot Phaeoacremonium sp. — Petri disease

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Phomopsis sp. — Phomopsis leaf spot, Cane ZINGIBERACEAE blight Phyllosticta ampelicida — Black rot Alpinia zerumbet (Shell Ginger) Plasmopara viticola — Downy mildew Plasmopara sp. — Downy mildew FUNGI Pseudocercospora vitis — Leaf blight Uncinula sp. — Powdery mildew Colletotrichum sp. — Colletotrichum leaf spot, Anthracnose NEMATODES

Criconemella sp. — Ring nematode Zingiber sp. (Ginger) Meloidogyne sp. — Root-knot nematode Paratrichodorus sp. — Stubby root nematode FUNGI Pratylenchus sp. — Lesion nematode Xiphinema sp. — Dagger nematode Pythium sp. — Pythium root rot

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INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANTS

A Allium sp...... 78 Alocasia sp...... 12 Abelia grandiflora ...... 38 Alocasia taro ...... 12 Abelmoschus esculentus ...... 82 Aloe barbadensis ...... 17 Abies sp...... 91 Aloe sp...... 18 Abutilon sp...... 83 Alpinia zerumbet ...... 141 Acer barbatum ...... 4 Alstroemeria sp...... 78 Acer buergeranum ...... 4 Alternanthera sp...... 6 Acer japonicum ...... 4 Althaea sp...... 83 Acer negundo ...... 4 Alyssum sp...... 30 Acer palmatum ...... 4, 5 Amaranthus sp...... 7 Acer palmatum ‘Sango-kaku’ ...... 5 Amaryllis sp...... 78 Acer platanoides ...... 5 Amelanchier arborea ...... 111 Acer pseudoplatanus ...... 5 Amelanchier sp...... 111 Acer rubrum ...... 5 Ammophila breviligulata ...... 96 Acer saccharinum ...... 5 Amsonia sp...... 8 Acer saccharum ...... 5 Anacyclus sp...... 20 Acer saccharum subsp. nigrum ...... 5 Anchusa sp...... 30 Acer sp...... 6 Anemone hupehensis ...... 109 Acer x freemanii ...... 6 Anemone sp...... 109 Achillea sp...... 20 Anoda cristata ...... 83 Achimenes sp...... 68 Anthurium sp...... 12 Aconitum sp...... 109 Antigonon leptopus ...... 108 Acorus gramineus ...... 12 Antirrhinum sp...... 128 Acorus sp...... 12 Aphelandra justicia ...... 4 Actinidia chinensis ...... 6 Aquilegia canadensis ...... 109 Adenium sp...... 7 Aquilegia sp...... 109 Adenophora sp...... 37 Arabis sp...... 30 Adiantum raddianum ...... 109 Arachis hypogaea ...... 58 Aegopodium sp...... 7 Aralia sp...... 14 Aeschynanthus sp...... 69 Araucaria araucana ...... 15 Agapanthus sp...... 77 Araucaria heterophylla ...... 16 Agastache foeniculum ...... 72 Arctostaphylos sp...... 54 Agastache sp...... 72 Arctotis sp...... 20 Agave sp...... 17 Ardisia japonica ...... 86 Ageratum sp...... 20 Armeria juniperifolia ...... 95 Aglaonema commutatum ...... 12 Armeria maritima ...... 95 Aglaonema modestum ...... 12 Armeria sp...... 95 Aglaonema sp...... 12 Artemisia schmidtiana ...... 20 Agrostis palustris ...... 96 Artemisia sp...... 20 Agrostis sp...... 96 Arugula sp...... 31 Agrostis stolonifera ...... 96 Aruncus aesthusifolius ...... 111 Ajuga reptans ...... 72 Asarum sp...... 17 Ajuga sp...... 72 Asclepias sp...... 17 Albizia julibrissin ...... 58 Asparagus officinalis ...... 18 Alcea fastigiata ...... 83 Asparagus setaceus ...... 18 Alcea rosea ...... 83 Asparagus sp...... 18 Alchemilla mollis ...... 111 Aspidistra elatior ...... 18 Alchemilla sp...... 111 Asplenium sp...... 19 Allium giganteum ...... 77 Aster novi-belgii ...... 20 Allium sativum ...... 78 Aster sp...... 20

142 Astilbe japonica ...... 127 Buxus harlandii ...... 35 Astilbe sp...... 127 Buxus microphylla ...... 35 Astilbe x arendsii ...... 127 Buxus sempervirens ...... 35 Astrantia sp...... 7 Buxus sp...... 35 Aubrieta sp...... 31 Aucuba japonica ...... 42 C Aucuba sp...... 43 Avena sp...... 97 Caladium sp...... 12 Axonopus sp...... 97 Calamintha grandiflora ...... 73 Calathea sp...... 84 B Calceolaria sp...... 129 Calendula sp...... 20 Bacopa sp...... 129 Calibrachoa sp...... 130 Bambusa sp...... 97 Callicarpa americana ...... 137 Begonia sp...... 28 Callicarpa sp...... 137 Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum ...... 28 Calluna vulgaris ...... 54 Belamcanda chinensis ...... 70 Calycanthus sp...... 36 Belamcanda sp...... 70 Camellia japonica ...... 134 Berberis sp...... 28 Camellia oleifera ...... 134 Berberis thunbergii ...... 28 Camellia sasanqua ...... 135 Berberis x mentorensis ...... 28 Camellia sinensis ...... 135 Beta vulgaris ...... 41 Camellia sp...... 135 Beta vulgaris var. cicla ...... 41 Campanula medium ...... 37 Betula nigra ...... 29 Campsis grandiflora ...... 30 Betula sp...... 29 Canna generalis ...... 37 Bignonia sp...... 29 Canna sp...... 37 Bletilla sp...... 90 Capsella bursa-pastoris ...... 34 Bletilla striata ...... 90 Capsicum annuum ...... 130 Borago sp...... 30 Capsicum chinense ...... 131 Bougainvillea sp...... 86 Capsicum frutescens ...... 131 Brassaia actinophylla ...... 14 Capsicum sp...... 131 Brassaia arboricola ...... 14 Cardamine sp...... 34 Brassica chinensis ...... 31 Carex pendula ...... 52 Brassica juncea ...... 31 Carex sp...... 52 Brassica juncea var. crispifolia ...... 31 Carya glabra ...... 71 Brassica juncea var. foliosa ...... 31 Carya illinoinensis ...... 71 Brassica napus ...... 31 Carya sp...... 72 Brassica napus var. napobrassica ...... 31 Caryopteris sp...... 138 Brassica napus var. solidiflora ...... 31 Cassia sp...... 59 Brassica oleracea var. acephala ...... 32 Castanea mollissima ...... 64 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis ...... 32 Castanea sp...... 64 Brassica oleracea var. capitata ...... 33 Catalpa sp...... 30 Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera ...... 33 Catharanthus roseus ...... 8 Brassica pekinensis ...... 33 Catharanthus sp...... 8 Brassica rapa ...... 33 Cattleya heneritks ...... 90 Brassica rapa var. lorifolia ...... 33 Cattleya sp...... 90 Brassica sp...... 33 Cedrus atlantica glauca ...... 92 Bromus sp...... 97 Cedrus deodara ...... 92 Brunnera sp...... 30 Cedrus sp...... 92 Buchloe dactyloides ...... 97 Celosia sp...... 7 Buddleia davidii ...... 80 Celtis sp...... 137 Buddleia salviifolia ...... 80 Centaurea cyanus ...... 20 Buddleia sp...... 80 Centaurea montana ...... 20 Buddleia x weyeriana ...... 80 Centaurea sp...... 21 Butia capitata ...... 16 Cephalotaxus harringtonia ...... 40, 41 Butia sp...... 16 Cephalotaxus harringtonia drupacea ...... 41

143 Ceratostigma plumbaginoides ...... 96 Coronopus didymus ...... 34 Cercis canadensis ...... 59 Cortaderia sp...... 97 Cercis siliquastrum ...... 59 Corynephorus sp...... 98 Cercis sp...... 59 Cosmos atrosanguineus ...... 22 Cereus sp...... 36 Cosmos sp...... 22 Chaenomeles sp...... 111 Cotoneaster salicifolius ...... 111 Chaenomeles speciosa ...... 111 Cotoneaster sp...... 111 Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ...... 48 Crataegus sp...... 111 Chamaecyparis pisifera ...... 48 Crocosmia sp...... 70 Chamaecyparis sp...... 48 Cryptomeria globosa ...... 48 Chamaecyparis thyoides ...... 48 Cryptomeria japonica ...... 48 Chamaerops humilis ...... 16 Cryptomeria sp...... 48 Chionanthus retusus ...... 87 Cucumis melo ...... 46 Chionanthus sp...... 87 Cucumis sativus ...... 46 Chionanthus virginicus ...... 87 Cucumis sp...... 47 Chlorophytum sp...... 18 Cucurbita maxima ...... 47 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum ...... 21 Cucurbita moschata ...... 47 Chrysanthemum nipponicum ...... 21 Cucurbita pepo ...... 47 Chrysanthemum sp...... 21 Cucurbita sp...... 47 Chrysanthemum x superbum ...... 21 Cunninghamia sp...... 49 Chrysogonum sp...... 21 Cupressus arizonica ...... 49 Cimicifuga sp...... 110 Cupressus sempervirens ...... 49 Cineraria sp...... 21 Cupressus sp...... 49 Cissus rhombifolia ...... 139 Cycas revoluta ...... 52 Citrullus lanatus ...... 45 Cycas sp...... 52 Citrus aurantifolia ...... 124 Cyclamen sp...... 108 Citrus limon ...... 124 Cydonia oblonga ...... 112 Citrus paradisi ...... 125 Cynara scolymus ...... 22 Citrus paradisi x reticulate ...... 125 Cynodon dactylon ...... 98 Citrus reticulata ...... 125 Cyperus esculentus ...... 52 Citrus sinensis ...... 125 Cyrtomium falcatum ...... 53 Citrus sp...... 125 Cyrtomium sp...... 53 Citrus x tangelo ...... 125 Clematis armandii ...... 110 D Clematis sp...... 110 Clematis terniflora ...... 110 Dahlia sp...... 22 Clematis x jackmanii ...... 110 Daphne odora ...... 136 Cleyera japonica ...... 136 Daphne sp...... 136 Cleyera sp...... 136 Datura sp...... 131 Clivia sp...... 78 Daucus carota ...... 7 Cocos sp...... 16 Delosperma cooperi ...... 6 Coleus blumei ...... 73 Delosperma nubigenum ...... 6 Coleus sp...... 73 Delphinium sp...... 110 Colocasia jensii ...... 12 Dendrobium sp...... 90 Colocasia sp...... 13 Dianthus barbatus ...... 39 Conradina canescens ...... 73 Dianthus caryophyllus ...... 39 Coprosma sp...... 123 Dianthus gratianopolitanus ...... 39 Coreopsis auriculata ...... 22 Dianthus knappii ...... 39 Coreopsis grandiflora ...... 22 Dianthus sp...... 40 Coreopsis sp...... 22 Dicentra sp...... 67 Coreopsis verticillata ...... 22 Dicentra spectabilis ...... 67 Coriandrum sativum ...... 7 Dichondra sp...... 42 Cornus canadensis ...... 43 Dieffenbachia sp...... 13 Cornus controversa ...... 43 Digitalis purpurea ...... 129 Cornus florida ...... 43 Digitalis sp...... 129 Cornus florida rubra ...... 43 Diospyros kaki ...... 53

144 Diospyros sp...... 53 Feijoa sp...... 86 Diospyros virginiana ...... 53 Festuca arundinacea ...... 99 Distylium myricoides ...... 69 Festuca ovina ...... 99 Doronicum orientale ...... 23 Festuca rubra ...... 99 Doronicum sp...... 23 Festuca sp...... 99, 100 Dryopteris erythrosora ...... 53 Ficus benjamina ...... 85 Duchesnea indica ...... 112 Ficus carica ...... 85 Ficus elastica ...... 85 E Ficus pumila ...... 85 Ficus sp...... 85 Echinacea laevigata ...... 23 Forsythia sp...... 87 Echinacea purpurea ...... 23 Forsythia x intermedia ...... 87 Echinacea sp...... 23 Fothergilla gardenii ...... 69 Echinopsis multiplex ...... 36 Fothergilla sp...... 69 Echinopsis sp...... 36 Fragaria x ananassa ...... 112 Edgeworthia chrysantha ...... 137 Franklinia sp...... 136 Elaeagnus sp...... 53 Fraxinus pennsylvanica ...... 87 Eleusine sp...... 98 Fraxinus sp...... 87 Episcia sp...... 69 Fuchsia sp...... 89 Equisetum sp...... 54 Eragrostis curvula ...... 98 G Eragrostis sp...... 98 Eremochloa ophiuroides ...... 99 Gaillardia sp...... 24 Eriobotrya japonica ...... 112 Gaillardia x grandiflora ...... 24 Erysimum linfolium ...... 34 Galium odoratum ...... 123 Erysimum repandum ...... 34 Galium sp...... 124 Erysimum sp...... 34 Gardenia jasminoides ...... 124 Escallonia sp...... 69 Gardenia sp...... 124 Eucalyptus pulverulenta ...... 86 Gaura sp...... 89 Eucalyptus sp...... 86 Gelsemium sp...... 81 Euonymus fortunei ...... 40 Geranium sp...... 68 Euonymus fortunei var. coloratus ...... 40 Gerbera sp...... 24 Euonymus japonicus var. microphylla ...... 40 Geum borisii ...... 113 Euonymus sp...... 40 Geum sp...... 113 Eupatorium purpureum ...... 23 Ginkgo biloba ...... 69 Eupatorium sp...... 23 Gladiolus sp...... 70 Euphorbia amygdaloides ...... 57 Gloxinia sp...... 69 Euphorbia pulcherrima ...... 58 Glycine max ...... 59 Euphorbia sp...... 58 Gomphrena sp...... 7 Euphorbia x martini ...... 58 Gordonia lasianthus ...... 136 Euryops chrysanthemoides ...... 23 Gossypium sp...... 83 Euryops pectinatus ...... 23 Gynura aurantiaca ...... 24 Euryops sp...... 24 Eustoma sp...... 68 H Exacum affine ...... 68 Exacum sp...... 68 Halesia carolina ...... 134 Exochorda sp...... 112 Hedera canariensis ...... 14 Hedera colchica ...... 14 F Hedera helix ...... 15 Hedera sp...... 15 Fagus grandifolia ...... 64 Helianthus annuus ...... 24 Fagus sp...... 64 Helianthus sp...... 24 Farfugium japonicum ...... 24 Helianthus tuberosus ...... 24 Fatsia japonica ...... 14 Heliopsis helianthoides ...... 24 Fatsia sp...... 14 Helleborus orientalis ...... 110 Feijoa sellowiana ...... 86 Helleborus sp...... 110

145 Hemerocallis sp...... 78 J Heuchera sp...... 127 Hibiscus cannabinus ...... 83 Jasminum floridum ...... 87 Hibiscus moscheutos ...... 84 Jasminum sp...... 87 Hibiscus mutabilis ...... 84 Juglans nigra ...... 72 Hibiscus sp...... 84 Juglans regia ...... 72 Hibiscus syriacus ...... 84 Juglans sp...... 72 Hordeum sp...... 100 Juniperus chinensis ...... 49, 50 Hosta albomarginata ...... 79 Juniperus chinensis var. pfitzeriana ...... 50 Hosta fortunei ...... 79 Juniperus communis ...... 50 Hosta sieboldiana ...... 79 Juniperus conferta ...... 50 Hosta sp...... 79 Juniperus davurica ...... 50 Hoya sp...... 17 Juniperus horizontalis ...... 50 Hydrangea arborescens ...... 127 Juniperus procumbens ...... 50 Hydrangea hortensis ...... 127 Juniperus scopulorum ...... 50 Hydrangea macrophylla ...... 127 Juniperus sp...... 51 Hydrangea quercifolia ...... 127 Juniperus squamata ...... 50 Hydrangea sp...... 128 Juniperus stricta ...... 50 Hypericum androsaemum ...... 41 Juniperus virginiana ...... 51 Hypericum ascyron ...... 41 Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola ...... 51 Hypericum calycinum ...... 41 Justicia brandegeana ...... 4 Hypericum perforatum ...... 41 Justicia sp...... 4 Hypericum sp...... 41 K I Kalmia latifolia ...... 54 Iberis sempervirens ...... 34 Kerria japonica ...... 113 Iberis sp...... 34 Kniphofia sp...... 79 Ilex aquifolium ...... 9 Koelreuteria paniculata ...... 126 Ilex cornuta ...... 10 Kohleria sp...... 69 Ilex crenata ...... 10 Ilex glabra ...... 10 L Ilex latifolia ...... 11 Ilex opaca ...... 11 Laburnum sp...... 60 Ilex sp...... 11 Lagerstroemia indica ...... 81 Ilex vomitoria ...... 11 Lamiastrum sp...... 73 Ilex x attenuata ...... 9, 10 Lamium amplexicaule ...... 73 Ilex x attenuata fosteri ...... 10 Lamium maculatum ...... 73 Ilex x Emily Bruner ...... 10 Lamium sp...... 73 Ilex x meserveae ...... 11 Lantana camara ...... 138 Ilex x Nellie R. Stevens ...... 11 Lantana sp...... 138 Illicium floridanum ...... 70 Lathyrus hirsutus ...... 60 Illicium henryi ...... 70 Laurentia fluviatilis ...... 37 Illicium sp...... 70 Laurus nobilis ...... 77 Impatiens sp...... 28 Lavandula angustifolia ...... 73 Impatiens walleriana ...... 27 Lavandula sp...... 73 Impatiens x hawkeri ...... 27 Lavatera sp...... 84 Ipomoea batatas ...... 42 Lepidium sp...... 34 Ipomoea sp...... 42 Lespedeza sp...... 60 Iris cristata ...... 71 Leucanthemum sp...... 25 Iris sibirica ...... 71 Leucothoe axillaris ...... 54 Iris sp...... 71 Leucothoe fontanesiana ...... 54 Iris x germanica ...... 71 Leucothoe populifolia ...... 54 Itea sp...... 128 Leucothoe sp...... 54 Itea virginica ...... 128 Lewisia longipetala ...... 108 Liatris sp...... 25

146 Liatris spicata ...... 25 Marshallia grandiflora ...... 25 Ligularia sp...... 25 Matthiola sp...... 35 Ligustrum japonicum ...... 87 Mazus reptans ...... 129 Ligustrum lucidum ...... 88 Mazus sp...... 129 Ligustrum sinense ...... 88 Medicago sativa ...... 60 Ligustrum sp...... 88 Medicago truncatula ...... 61 Ligustrum texanum ...... 88 Melampodium sp...... 25 Lilium asiaticum ...... 79 Mentha pulegium ...... 74 Lilium longiflorum ...... 79 Mentha sp...... 74 Lilium sp...... 79 Mentha spicata ...... 74 Limonium sp...... 96 Mentha x piperita ...... 74 Lindera melissifolia ...... 77 Mesembryanthemum sp...... 6 Lindera sp...... 77 Michelia figo ...... 82 Linum sp...... 80 Microstegium vimineum ...... 101 Liquidambar styraciflua ...... 69 Miscanthus sp...... 101 Liriodendron tulipifera ...... 81 Monarda didyma ...... 74 Liriope muscari ...... 18 Monarda sp...... 74 Liriope sp...... 18 Monstera deliciosa ...... 13 Lithodora diffusa ...... 30 Morus sp...... 85 Lithodora sp...... 30 Muhlenbergia sp...... 101 Livistona chinensis ...... 16 Musa balbisiana ...... 85 Lobelia cardinalis ...... 37 Myosotis scorpioides ...... 30 Lobelia sp...... 37 Myosotis sp...... 30 Lobularia sp...... 34 Myrica cerifera ...... 85 Lolium multiflorum ...... 100 Myrica sp...... 86 Lolium perenne ...... 100 Lolium sp...... 100 N Lonicera japonica ...... 38 Lonicera sempervirens ...... 38 Nandina domestica ...... 29 Lonicera sp...... 38 Nandina sp...... 29 Loropetalum chinense ...... 70 Narcissus sp...... 80 Loropetalum sp...... 70 Nemesia sp...... 129 Luffa sp...... 48 Nepeta cataria ...... 74 Lupinus sp...... 60 Nepeta sp...... 74 Lycium barbarum ...... 131 Nephrolepis exaltata ...... 53 Lycopersicon lycopersicum ...... 131 Nephrolepis sp...... 53 Lysimachia numularia ...... 109 Nerium sp...... 8 Nicotiana sp...... 132 M Nymphaea odorata ...... 87 Nyssa sylvatica ...... 44 Macbridea alba ...... 74 Macbridea caroliniana ...... 74 O Magnolia grandiflora ...... 81 Magnolia macrophylla ...... 81 Ocimum basilicum ...... 74 Magnolia sieboldii ...... 81 Ocimum sp...... 75 Magnolia sp...... 82 Oenothera biennis ...... 89 Magnolia stellata ...... 82 Oenothera sp...... 89 Magnolia virginiana ...... 82 Olea europea ...... 88 Magnolia x soulangiana ...... 81 Oncidium pubes ...... 90 Mahonia bealei ...... 29 Oncidium sp...... 90 Mahonia fortunei ...... 29 Ophiopogon japonicus ...... 18 Mahonia sp...... 29 Ophiopogon sp...... 19 Malus sp...... 113 Opuntia sp...... 36 Malus sylvestris pumila ...... 113 Origanum majorana ...... 75 Mandevilla laxa ...... 8 Origanum sp...... 75 Mandevilla sp...... 8 Oryza sativa ...... 101

147 Oryza sp...... 101 Phlox subulata ...... 107 Osmanthus fragrans ...... 88 Phoenix canariensis ...... 16 Osmanthus heterophyllus ...... 89 Photinia serrulata ...... 114 Osmanthus sp...... 89 Photinia sp...... 114 Osmanthus x fortunei ...... 88 Photinia x fraseri ...... 114 Osmunda regalis ...... 90 Phygelius sp...... 130 Osteospermum sp...... 25 Phyla nodiflora ...... 138 Oxalis braziliensis ...... 90 Phyllitis scolopendrium ...... 19 Oxalis regnellii ...... 91 Physocarpus sp...... 115 Oxalis sp...... 91 Physostegia sp...... 75 Picea abies ...... 92 P Picea glauca conica ...... 92 Picea glauca var. albertiana ...... 92 Pachysandra sp...... 36 Picea pungens ...... 92 Pachysandra terminalis ...... 36 Picea sp...... 92 Paeonia lactiflora ...... 91 Pieris japonica ...... 54 Paeonia sp...... 91 Pieris sp...... 55 Paeonia suffruticosa ...... 91 Pieris taiwanensis ...... 55 Panax sp...... 15 Pinckneya sp...... 124 Panicum dichotomiflorum ...... 101 Pinus bungeana ...... 92 Panicum miliaceum ...... 101 Pinus elliottii ...... 93 Panicum ramosum ...... 101 Pinus flexilis ...... 92 Panicum sp...... 101 Pinus mugo ...... 93 Papaver sp...... 91 Pinus nigra ...... 93 Parthenocissus quinquefolia ...... 139 Pinus palustris ...... 93 Parthenocissus tricuspidata ...... 139 Pinus pungens ...... 93 Paspalum dilatatum ...... 102 Pinus sp...... 94 Paspalum notatum ...... 102 Pinus strobus ...... 93 Paspalum vaginatum ...... 102 Pinus sylvestris ...... 93 Paulownia elongata ...... 129 Pinus taeda ...... 93 Pelargonium peltatum ...... 68 Pinus thunbergiana ...... 93 Pelargonium sp...... 68 Pinus virginiana ...... 94 Pelargonium x hortorum ...... 68 Pistacia chinensis ...... 7 Pennisetum glaucum ...... 102 Pisum sativum ...... 62 Pennisetum setaceum ...... 102 Pisum sp...... 62 Pennisetum sp...... 102 Pittosporum sp...... 94, 95 Penstemon sp...... 129 Pittosporum tobira ...... 94 Pentas sp...... 124 Platanus occidentalis ...... 95 Peperomia sp...... 94 Platanus sp...... 95 Perovskia atriplicifolia ...... 75 Platanus x acerifolia ...... 95 Perovskia sp...... 75 Platycerium sp...... 108 Persea borbonia ...... 77 Platycodon grandiflorus ...... 37 Persea sp...... 77 Platycodon sp...... 37 Petroselinum crispum ...... 7 Plectranthus sp...... 75 Phalaenopsis sp...... 90 Plumeria sp...... 8 Phalaris arundinacea ...... 102 Poa annua ...... 102 Phalaris sp...... 102 Poa pratensis ...... 102 Phaseolus acutifolius ...... 61 Poa sp...... 102 Phaseolus lunatus ...... 61 Poa trivialis ...... 102 Phaseolus sp...... 62 Podocarpus macrophyllus ...... 107 Phaseolus vulgaris ...... 61 Podocarpus sp...... 107 Philodendron sp...... 13 Podophyllum peltatum ...... 29 Phlox divaricata ...... 107 Polygonatum sp...... 19 Phlox paniculata ...... 107 Polygonum bistorta ...... 108 Phlox pilosa ...... 107 Polygonum orientale ...... 108 Phlox sp...... 108 Polyscias fruticosa ...... 15

148 Populus deltoides ...... 125 Quercus sp...... 67 Populus nigra ...... 125 Quercus stellata ...... 66 Populus sp...... 125 Quercus velutina ...... 66 Portulaca sp...... 108 Quercus virginiana ...... 66 Potentilla sp...... 115 Pothos sp...... 13 R Protea sp...... 109 Prunus armeniaca ...... 115 Rhaphiolepis indica ...... 120 Prunus avium ...... 115 Rhaphiolepis sp...... 120 Prunus caroliniana ...... 115 Rhaphiolepis umbellata ...... 120 Prunus cerasifera ...... 115 Rhapidophyllum hystrix ...... 16 Prunus cerasus ...... 115 Rhapidophyllum sp...... 16 Prunus insititia ...... 115 Rheum sp...... 108 Prunus japonica ...... 115 Rhodea japonica ...... 19 Prunus laurocerasus ...... 115 Rhododendron carolinianum ...... 55 Prunus persica ...... 116 Rhododendron catawbiense ...... 55 Prunus serotina ...... 117 Rhododendron indicum ...... 55 Prunus serrulata ...... 117 Rhododendron maximum ...... 55 Prunus sp...... 117, 118 Rhododendron schlippenbachii ...... 55 Prunus subhirtella ...... 117 Rhododendron simsii formosa ...... 55 Prunus tomentosa ...... 117 Rhododendron sp...... 55, 56 Prunus virginiana ...... 117 Rhododendron x aromi ...... 55 Prunus x incam ...... 115 Rhododendron x obtusum ‘Hinodegiri’ ...... 55 Prunus x snofozam ...... 117 Rhus michauxii ...... 7 Prunus yedoensis ...... 117 Ribes nigrum ...... 128 Pueraria montana var. lobata ...... 63 Ribes sp...... 128 Pulmonaria sp...... 30 Rosa banksiae ...... 121 Punica granatum ...... 109 Rosa floribunda ...... 121 Pyracantha coccinea ...... 119 Rosa laevigata ...... 121 Pyracantha sp...... 119 Rosa odorata ...... 121 Pyrus calleryana ...... 119 Rosa sp...... 121 Pyrus communis ...... 119 Rosmarinus officinalis ...... 75 Pyrus pyrifolia ...... 119 Rosmarinus sp...... 75 Pyrus serotinia ...... 119 Rubus allegheniensis ...... 122 Pyrus sp...... 120 Rubus calycinoides ...... 122 Rubus idaeus ...... 122 Q Rubus occidentalis ...... 122 Rubus sp...... 122, 123 Quercus acuta ...... 64 Rudbeckia hirta ...... 25 Quercus acutisssima ...... 64 Rudbeckia sp...... 25 Quercus alba ...... 64 Ruellia brittoniana ...... 4 Quercus coccinea ...... 64 Rumex sp...... 108 Quercus falcata ...... 65 Rumohra adiantiformis ...... 108 Quercus hemisphaerica ...... 65 Ruta sp...... 125 Quercus laevis ...... 65 Quercus laurifolia ...... 65 S Quercus lyrata ...... 65 Quercus macrocarpa ...... 65 Sabal palmetto ...... 16 Quercus marilandica ...... 65 Sabal sp...... 17 Quercus nigra ...... 65 Sagina subulata ...... 40 Quercus nuttalli ...... 65 Saintpaulia sp...... 69 Quercus palustris ...... 65 Salix babylonica ...... 126 Quercus phellos ...... 66 Salix discolor ...... 126 Quercus robur ...... 66 Salix matsudana ...... 126 Quercus rubra ...... 66 Salix pentandra ...... 126 Quercus shumardii ...... 66 Salix sepulcralis ...... 126

149 Salix sp...... 126 Stokesia laevis ...... 26 Salvia elegans ...... 75 Stokesia sp...... 26 Salvia farinacea ...... 76 Symplocos sp...... 134 Salvia nemorosa ...... 76 Syngonium podophyllum ...... 13 Salvia officinalis ...... 76 Syngonium sp...... 13 Salvia purpurea ...... 76 Syringa sp...... 89 Salvia sp...... 76 Syringa vulgaris ...... 89 Salvia splendens ...... 76 Salvia viridis ...... 76 T Salvia x superba ...... 76 Sansevieria sp...... 19 Tagetes erecta ...... 26 Sansevieria trifasciata ...... 19 Tagetes patula ...... 26 Santolina sp...... 26 Tagetes sp...... 26 Santolina virens ...... 26 Taxodium distichum ...... 51 Sassafras sp...... 77 Taxus brevifolia ...... 134 Saxifraga sp...... 128 Taxus cuspidata ...... 134 Scabiosa columbaria ...... 52 Taxus sp...... 134 Scabiosa sp...... 52 Taxus x media ...... 134 Schefflera sp...... 15 Ternstroemia gymnanthera ...... 136 Schlumbergera bridgesii ...... 36 Tetrapanax papyrifer ...... 15 Schlumbergera truncata ...... 36 Teucrium chamaedrys ...... 77 Secale cereale ...... 103 Thalictrum speciosissimum ...... 110 Secale sp...... 103 Thuja occidentalis ...... 51 Sedum rupestre ‘Angelina’ ...... 45 Thuja plicata ...... 51 Sedum sieboldii ...... 45 Thuja sp...... 52 Sedum sp...... 45 Thuja standishii x plicata ‘Green Giant’ ...... 52 Sedum spectabile ...... 45 Thunbergia sp...... 4 Sedum spurium ...... 45 Thymus sp...... 77 Sempervivum sp...... 45 Tiarella sp...... 128 Senecio cineraria ...... 26 Tibouchina sp...... 84 Senecio x hybridus ...... 26 Tithonia sp...... 27 Sequoia sempervirens ...... 51 Torenia sp...... 130 Serenoa repens ...... 17 Trachelospermum asiaticum ...... 8 Sesamum indicum ...... 91 Trachelospermum jasminoides ...... 8 Shortia galacifolia ...... 52 Trachycarpus fortunei ...... 17 Sidalcea sp...... 84 Tradescantia pallida ...... 42 Silene sp...... 40 Tradescantia sp...... 42 Skimmia x foremanii ...... 125 Trichostema dichotomum ...... 77 Solanum tuberosum ...... 133 Tricyrtis hirta ...... 19 Solenostemon scutellarioides ...... 76 Tricyrtis sp...... 19 Solidago rugosa ...... 26 Trifolium incarnatum ...... 63 Solidago sp...... 26 Trifolium repens ...... 63 Sorbus americana ...... 89 Trifolium sp...... 63 Sorghum bicolor ...... 103 Trifolium subterraneum ...... 63 Sorghum halepense ...... 103 Trifolium vesiculosum ...... 63 Sorghum sp...... 103 Trillium sp...... 80 Sorghum sudanense ...... 103 Triticum sp...... 104 Spathiphyllum sp...... 13 Trollius ledebourii ...... 111 Spinacia oleracea ...... 41 Tsuga canadensis ...... 94 Spiraea japonica ...... 123 Tsuga sp...... 94 Spiraea sp...... 123 Tulbaghia violacea ...... 80 Spiraea x bumalda ...... 123 Tulipa retroflexa ...... 80 Stachys sp...... 76 Tulipa sp...... 80 Stenotaphrum secundatum ...... 104 Typha latifolia ...... 137 Stewartia pseudocamellia ...... 136 Stipa tenuifolia ...... 104

150 U Vitex sp...... 138 Vitis aestivalis var. bourquiniana ...... 139 Ulmus alata ...... 137 Vitis labrusca ...... 139 Ulmus americana ...... 137 Vitis rotundifolia ...... 140 Ulmus sp...... 137 Vitis sp...... 140 Vitis vinifera ...... 140 V Vaccinium arboreum ...... 56 W Vaccinium ashei ...... 57 Washingtonia sp...... 17 Vaccinium augustifolium ...... 57 Weigela sp...... 39 Vaccinium corymbosum ...... 57 Wisteria sp...... 64 Vaccinium crassifolium ...... 57 Vaccinium sp...... 57 X Vanda sp...... 90 Veratrum californicum ...... 80 x Cupressocyparis leylandii ...... 49 Verbena canadensis ...... 138 x Fatshedera lizei ...... 14 Verbena sp...... 138 x Fatshedera sp...... 14 Veronica longifolia ...... 130 x Triticosecale sp...... 105 Veronica sp...... 130 Xanthium sp...... 27 Veronica spicata ...... 130 Viburnum chindo ...... 38 Y Viburnum davidii ...... 38 Viburnum japonica ...... 38 Yucca aloifolia ...... 19 Viburnum macrocephalum ...... 38 Yucca recurvifolia ...... 19 Viburnum obovatum ...... 38 Yucca sp...... 19 Viburnum odoratissimum ...... 38 Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki ...... 38 Z Viburnum opulus ...... 38 Viburnum sp...... 39 Zantedeschia sp...... 13 Viburnum suspensum ...... 39 Zea mays ...... 105 Viburnum tinus ...... 39 Zelkova serrata ...... 137 Vigna sp...... 64 Zelkova sp...... 137 Vigna unguiculata ...... 63 Zingiber sp...... 141 Vinca major ...... 9 Zinnia angustifolia ...... 27 Vinca minor ...... 9 Zinnia elegans ...... 27 Vinca sp ...... 9 Zinnia sp...... 27 Viola cornuta ...... 139 Zoysia japonica ...... 106 Viola sp...... 139 Zoysia japonica x Z. tenuifolia ...... 106 Viola wittrockiana ...... 139 Zoysia sp...... 106

151 INDEX TO THE COMMON NAMES OF PLANTS

A Australian Umbrella Tree ...... 14 African Bush Daisy ...... 23 Austrian Pine ...... 93 African Daisy ...... 20 Austrian Winter Pea ...... 60 African Lily ...... 77 Avocado ...... 77 African Marigold ...... 26 Azalea ...... 55 African Violet ...... 69 Alfalfa ...... 60 B Algerian Ivy ...... 14 Almond ...... 117 Bahiagrass ...... 102 Aloe ...... 18 Bald Cypress ...... 51 Aloe Vera ...... 17 Balloon Flower ...... 37 Alternanthera ...... 6 Bamboo ...... 97 Althaea ...... 83 Banana ...... 85 Alyssum ...... 34 Banana Pepper ...... 130 Amaryllis ...... 78 Banana Shrub ...... 82 American Beech ...... 64 Banksia Rose ...... 121 American Boxwood ...... 35 Barbaras Buttons ...... 25 American Elm ...... 137 Barberry ...... 28 American Holly ...... 11 Barley ...... 100 American Mountain Ash ...... 89 Barrel Medic ...... 61 Anacyclus ...... 20 Bartlett Pear ...... 119 Anise Hyssop ...... 72 Basil ...... 75 Anise Tree ...... 70 Basket Plant ...... 69 Annual Bluegrass ...... 102 Bean ...... 61, 62 Annual Clary Sage ...... 76 Beard Tongue ...... 129 Annual Ryegrass ...... 100 Bearded Iris ...... 71 Annual Vinca ...... 8 Beautyberry ...... 137 Anthurium ...... 12 Bedstraw ...... 124 Apple ...... 113, 114 Bee Balm ...... 74 Apricot ...... 115 Beech ...... 64 Aralia ...... 14 Beet ...... 41 Aralia Ivy ...... 14 Begonia ...... 28 Arborvitae ...... 51, 52 Belamcanda ...... 70 Arizona Cypress ...... 49 Bell Pepper ...... 130 Arrowleaf Clover ...... 63 Bentgrass ...... 96 Artemisia ...... 20 Bermudagrass ...... 98 Artichoke ...... 22 Bigleaf Hydrangea ...... 127 Arugula ...... 31 Bigleaf Magnolia ...... 81 Aruncus ...... 111 Bignonia ...... 29 Ash ...... 87 Birch ...... 29 Asian Magnolia ...... 82 Black Cherry ...... 117 Asian Pear ...... 119 Black Currant ...... 128 Asiatic Jasmine ...... 8 Black Gum ...... 44 Asiatic Lily ...... 79 Black Maple ...... 5 Asparagus ...... 18 Black Oak ...... 66 Asparagus Fern ...... 18 Black Raspberry ...... 122 Aster ...... 20, 26 Black Walnut ...... 72 Astilbe ...... 127 Blackberry ...... 122 Astrantia ...... 7 Blackberry Lily ...... 70 Atlantic White Cedar ...... 48 Black-eyed Susan ...... 25 Aucuba ...... 42, 43 Blackjack Oak ...... 65

152 Blanket Flower ...... 24 Candytuft ...... 34 Blazing Star ...... 25 Canna ...... 37 Bleeding Heart ...... 67 Canna Lily ...... 37 Bletilla ...... 90 Canola ...... 31 Blue Atlas Cedar ...... 92 Cantaloupe ...... 46 Blue Coconut Palm ...... 16 Canterbury Bells ...... 37 Blue Fescue ...... 99 Cape Fuschia ...... 130 Blue Spruce ...... 92 Cape Jasmine ...... 124 Blue Star Creeper ...... 37 Cape Marigold ...... 23 Bluebeard ...... 138 Cardamine ...... 34 Blueberry ...... 57 Cardinal Flower ...... 37 Bluegrass ...... 102 Carnation ...... 39 Bluestar ...... 8 Carolina Birds-in-a-Nest ...... 74 Bok Choy ...... 31 Carolina Jasmine ...... 81 Borage ...... 30 Carolina Rhododendron ...... 55 Boston Fern ...... 53 Carolina Silverbell ...... 134 Boston Ivy ...... 139 Carpet Bugleweed ...... 72 Bottlebrush ...... 86 Carpetgrass ...... 97 Bougainvillea ...... 86 Carrot ...... 7 Bourquin Summer Grape ...... 139 Catawba ...... 30 Box Elder ...... 4 Catawba Rhododendron ...... 55 Boxwood ...... 35 Catmint ...... 74 Boysenberry ...... 123 Catnip ...... 74 Broadleaf Mustard ...... 31 Cattail ...... 137 Broccoli ...... 32 Cattleya ...... 90 Bromegrass ...... 97 Cauliflower ...... 32 Browntop Millet ...... 101 Cayenne Pepper ...... 130 Brussels Sprouts ...... 33 Centipedegrass ...... 99 Buffalograss ...... 97 Century Plant ...... 17 Bugbane ...... 110 Checkerbloom ...... 84 Bugleweed ...... 72 Cheddar Pink ...... 39 Bugloss ...... 30 Cherokee Rose ...... 121 Bumald Spirea ...... 123 Cherry ...... 115, 117, 118 Bunchberry ...... 43 Cherry Laurel ...... 115 Bur Oak ...... 65 Chestnut ...... 64 Bush Clover ...... 60 Chilean Jasmine ...... 8 Butia ...... 16 Chili Pepper ...... 131 Butter Bean ...... 61 China Fir ...... 49 Butterfly Bush ...... 80 Chinese Cabbage ...... 33 Butternut Squash ...... 47 Chinese Chestnut ...... 64 Chinese Evergreen ...... 12 C Chinese Fan Palm ...... 16 Chinese Fringe Tree ...... 87 Cabbage ...... 33 Chinese Fringe-flower ...... 70 Cabbage Palmetto ...... 16 Chinese Ground Orchid ...... 90 Cactus ...... 36 Chinese Holly ...... 10 Caladium ...... 12 Chinese Mahonia ...... 29 Calamint ...... 73 Chinese Photinia ...... 114 Calathea ...... 84 Chinese Pistachio ...... 7 Calendula ...... 20 Chinese Privet ...... 88 Calla Lilly ...... 13 Chinese Snowball ...... 38 Callery Pear ...... 119 Chinese Trumpet Flower ...... 30 Camellia ...... 134, 135 Chinquapin ...... 64 Campion ...... 40 Chlorophytum ...... 18 Canadian Hemlock ...... 94 Choke Cherry ...... 117 Canary Island Date Palm ...... 16 Christmas Cactus ...... 36

153 Cilantro ...... 7 D Cineraria ...... 21, 26 Cinquefoil ...... 115 Daffodil ...... 80 Clematis ...... 110 Dagger Plant ...... 19 Cleyera ...... 136 Dahlia ...... 22 Climbing Fig ...... 85 Daisy ...... 21, 25 Climbing Rose ...... 121 Dallisgrass ...... 102 Clover ...... 63 Damson Plum ...... 115 Coastal Leucothoe ...... 54 Dancing Lady Orchid ...... 90 Cocklebur ...... 27 Daphne ...... 136 Cocos Palm ...... 16 Darlington Oak ...... 65 Coleus ...... 73, 76 David Viburnum ...... 38 Collards ...... 32 Daylily ...... 78 Columbine ...... 109 Delosperma ...... 6 Common Apple ...... 113 Dendrobium ...... 90 Common Fig ...... 85 Deodar Cedar ...... 92 Common Juniper ...... 50 Desert Rose ...... 7 Common Periwinkle ...... 9 Dianthus ...... 39, 40 Common Persimmon ...... 53 Dichondra ...... 42 Common St. John's Wort ...... 41 Doronicum ...... 23 Common Zinnia ...... 27 Drooping Leucothoe ...... 54 Coneflower ...... 23 Dumb Cane ...... 13 Confederate Jasmine ...... 8 Dusty Miller ...... 26 Confederate Rose ...... 84 Dwarf Alberta Spruce ...... 92 Conradina ...... 73 Dwarf Boxwood ...... 35 Coral Bark Maple ...... 5 Dwarf Gardenia ...... 124 Coral Bells ...... 127 Dwarf Hinoki False Cypress ...... 48 Coral Vine ...... 108 Dwarf Japanese Pittosporum ...... 94 Corkscrew Willow ...... 126 Dwarf Nandina ...... 29 Corn ...... 105 Dwarf Pittosporum ...... 94 Cosmos ...... 22 Dwarf Yaupon Holly ...... 11 Cotoneaster ...... 111 Cotton ...... 83 E Cowpea ...... 63 Crabapple ...... 113 Easter Lily ...... 79 Cranberry Bush ...... 38 Easter Lily Cactus ...... 36 Cranesbill ...... 68 Eastern Columbine ...... 109 Crape Myrtle ...... 81 Eastern Cottonwood ...... 125 Creeping Bentgrass ...... 96 Eastern Red Cedar ...... 51 Creeping Blueberry ...... 57 Eastern Redbud ...... 59 Creeping Charlie ...... 109 Edgeworthia ...... 137 Creeping Juniper ...... 50 Elaeagnus ...... 53 Creeping Raspberry ...... 122, 123 Elm ...... 137 Creeping Red Fescue ...... 99 English Boxwood ...... 35 Creeping St. John’s Wort ...... 41 English Holly ...... 9 Crested Iris ...... 71 English Ivy ...... 15 Crookneck Squash ...... 47 English Laurel ...... 115 Cryptomeria ...... 48 English Lavender ...... 73 Cucumber ...... 46 English Oak ...... 66 Curly Dock ...... 108 English Pea ...... 62 Curly Leaf Ligustrum ...... 87 English Walnut ...... 72 Cutleaf Japanese Maple ...... 4 Escallonia ...... 69 Cyclamen ...... 108 Eucalyptus ...... 86 Cypress ...... 49 Euonymus ...... 40 Euphorbia ...... 57, 58 European Fan Palm ...... 16

154 Euryops ...... 24 Germander ...... 77 Evening Primrose ...... 89 Geum ...... 113 Exacum ...... 68 Giant Dogwood ...... 43 Giant Hyssop ...... 72 F Ginger ...... 141 Ginkgo ...... 69 Fall Panicgrass ...... 101 Ginseng ...... 15 False Cypress ...... 48 Gladiolus ...... 70 False Hellebore ...... 80 Globeflower ...... 111 False Miterwort ...... 128 Glory Bush ...... 84 False Spiraea ...... 127 Glossy Abelia ...... 38 Fatsia ...... 14 Gloxinia ...... 69 Feather Grass ...... 104 Goji Berry ...... 131 Feijoa ...... 86 Gold Tip Pfitzer Juniper ...... 50 Fescue ...... 100 Golden Chain Tree ...... 60 Fever Tree ...... 124 Golden Rain Tree ...... 126 Fig ...... 85 Golden Willow ...... 126 Fir ...... 91 Golden-bells ...... 87 Firethorn ...... 119 Goldenrod ...... 26 Flame Violet ...... 69 Gomphrena ...... 7 Flax ...... 80 Goosegrass ...... 98 Florida Anise Tree ...... 70 Gourd ...... 47 Florida Leucothoe ...... 54 Goutweed ...... 7 Floss Flower ...... 20 Grace Ward Lithodora ...... 30 Flowering Dogwood ...... 43 Grape ...... 140 Flowering Maple ...... 83 Grape Ivy ...... 139 Flowering Quince ...... 111 Grapefruit ...... 125 Forget-Me-Not ...... 30 Grassy-leaved Sweet Flag ...... 12 Forked Blue Curls ...... 77 Gray Clubawn Grass ...... 98 Formosa Azalea ...... 55 Gray-Leaved Euryops ...... 23 Formosan Pieris ...... 55 Great St. John's Wort ...... 41 Fortunes Osmanthus ...... 88 Greater Periwinkle ...... 9 Foster Hybrid Holly ...... 9 Green and Gold ...... 21 Fothergilla ...... 69 Green Ash ...... 87 Fountain Grass ...... 102 Green Bean ...... 61 Fox Grape ...... 139 Foxglove ...... 129 H Fragrant Ivy ...... 14 Fragrant Tea Olive ...... 88 Habanero Pepper ...... 131 Frangipani Temple Tree ...... 8 Hackberry ...... 137 Franklinia ...... 136 Hardy Yellow Ice Plant ...... 6 French Hydrangea ...... 127 Hawthorn ...... 111 French Marigold ...... 26 Heather ...... 54 Fringe Tree ...... 87 Hemlock ...... 94 Fuchsia ...... 89 Hen and Chicks ...... 45 Henbit ...... 73 G Heuchera ...... 127 Hibiscus ...... 84 Garden Pea ...... 62 Hickory ...... 72 Garden Sage ...... 76 Higan Cherry ...... 117 Gardenia ...... 124 Highbush Blueberry ...... 57 Garlic ...... 78 Hills-of-Snow ...... 127 Gaura ...... 89 Himalayan Juniper ...... 50 Geranium ...... 68 Hinodegiri Azalea ...... 55 Gerbera Daisy ...... 24 Holly ...... 9, 10, 11 German Bearded Iris ...... 71 Holly Fern ...... 53

155 Holly Osmanthus ...... 89 Japanese Yew ...... 107, 134 Hollyhock ...... 83 Japanese Zelkova ...... 137 Honeydew Melon ...... 46 Jasmine ...... 87 Honeysuckle ...... 38 Jelly Palm ...... 16 Horse Sugar ...... 134 Jerusalem Artichoke ...... 24 Horsetail ...... 54 Joe-Pye Weed ...... 23 Hosta ...... 79 Johnsongrass ...... 103 Hydrangea ...... 127, 128 Judas Tree ...... 59 Juniper ...... 49, 50, 51 I K Ice Plant ...... 6 Impatiens ...... 27, 28 Kaffir Lily ...... 78 Indian Hawthorn ...... 120 Kale ...... 32 Indian Strawberry ...... 112 Kenaf ...... 83 Inkberry Holly ...... 10 Kentucky Bluegrass ...... 102 Iris ...... 71 Key Lime ...... 124 Irish Moss ...... 40 Kiwi ...... 6 Irish Potato ...... 133 Korean Boxwood ...... 35 Italian Cypress ...... 49 Kudzu ...... 63 Itea ...... 128 Kwanzan Cherry ...... 117 Ivy ...... 14, 15 Ivy Geranium ...... 68 L Ivy Tree ...... 14 Lacebark Pine ...... 92 J Lady Bank’s Rose ...... 121 Ladybells ...... 37 Japanese Andromeda ...... 54 Lamiastrum ...... 73 Japanese Anemone ...... 109 Lamium ...... 73 Japanese Ardisia ...... 86 Lantana ...... 138 Japanese Aucuba ...... 42 Larkspur ...... 110 Japanese Black Pine ...... 93 Laurel Oak ...... 65 Japanese Boxwood ...... 35 Laurel Willow ...... 126 Japanese Cedar ...... 48 Laurustinus ...... 39 Japanese Cherry ...... 118 Lavender ...... 73 Japanese Evergreen Oak ...... 64 Lawson False Cypress ...... 48 Japanese Flowering Cherry ...... 117, 118 Leadwort ...... 96 Japanese Garden Juniper ...... 50 Leatherleaf Fern ...... 108 Japanese Holly ...... 10 Leatherleaf Mahonia ...... 29 Japanese Honeysuckle ...... 38 Lemon ...... 124 Japanese Maple ...... 4 Lenten Rose ...... 110 Japanese Pansy ...... 68 Lettuce ...... 25 Japanese Persimmon ...... 53 Leucanthemum ...... 25 Japanese Pittosporum ...... 94 Leucothoe ...... 54 Japanese Plum ...... 115 Leyland Cypress ...... 49 Japanese Plum Yew ...... 41 Ligularia ...... 25 Japanese Privet ...... 87 Ligustrum ...... 88 Japanese Rose ...... 113 Lilac ...... 89 Japanese Sedge Grass ...... 52 Lily ...... 79 Japanese Shield Fern ...... 53 Lily of the Nile ...... 77 Japanese Spindle Tree ...... 40 Lilyturf ...... 18 Japanese Spirea ...... 123 Lima Bean ...... 61 Japanese Spurge ...... 36 Limber Pine ...... 92 Japanese Stewartia ...... 136 Lipstick Plant ...... 69 Japanese Stilt Grass ...... 101 Lisianthus ...... 68

156 Lithodora ...... 30 Moth Orchid ...... 90 Live Oak ...... 66 Mottled Spurge ...... 58 Lobelia ...... 37 Mountain Bluet ...... 20 Loblolly Bay ...... 136 Mountain Laurel ...... 54 Loblolly Pine ...... 93 Mountain Sandwort ...... 39 Lombardy Poplar ...... 125 Mugo Pine ...... 93 London Plane Tree ...... 95 Muhly Grass ...... 101 Longleaf Pine ...... 93 Mulberry ...... 85 Long-petaled Lewisia ...... 108 Mum ...... 21 Loofah ...... 48 Muscadine Grape ...... 140 Loquat ...... 112 Mustard ...... 31 Loropetalum ...... 70 Myrtle-leafed Distylium ...... 69 Lovegrass ...... 98 Lowbush Blueberry ...... 57 N Lungwort ...... 30 Lupine ...... 60 Nandina ...... 29 Lusterleaf Holly ...... 11 Nanking Cher ...... 117 Napa ...... 33 M Narrow-leaf Zinnia ...... 27 Nectarine ...... 116 Madwort ...... 30 Needle Palm ...... 16 Magnolia ...... 81, 82 Nemesia ...... 129 Mahonia ...... 29 Nephthytis ...... 13 Mallow Rose ...... 84 New Guinea Impatiens ...... 27 Mandarin ...... 125 Ninebark ...... 115 Mandevilla ...... 8 Nippon Daisy ...... 21 Manzanita ...... 54 Nippon Lily ...... 19 Maple ...... 4, 5, 6 Norfolk Island Pine ...... 16 Marguerite Daisy ...... 21 Northern Red Oak ...... 66 Marigold ...... 26 Norway Maple ...... 5 Marshallia ...... 25 Norway Spruce ...... 92 Mayapple ...... 29 Mazus ...... 129 O Meadow Rue ...... 110 Mealycup Sage ...... 76 Oak ...... 64, 65, 66, 67 Mediterranean Fan Palm ...... 16 Oak Leaf Hydrangea ...... 127 Melampodium ...... 25 Oats ...... 97 Melons ...... 47 Obedient Plant ...... 75 Mexican Petunia ...... 4 Oconee Bells ...... 52 Mexican Sunflower ...... 27 Okame Cherry ...... 115 Milkweed ...... 17 Okra ...... 82 Million Bells ...... 130 Oleander ...... 8 Milo ...... 103 Olive ...... 88 Mimosa ...... 58 Onion ...... 78 Ming Aralia ...... 15 Orange ...... 125 Mint ...... 74 Orchid ...... 90 Mirrorplant ...... 123 Oregano ...... 75 Miscanthus ...... 101 Oriental Paperbush ...... 137 Mondo Grass ...... 18, 19 Oriental Sand Pear ...... 119 Money Tree ...... 86 Ornamental Cabbage ...... 33 Monkey Puzzle Tree ...... 15 Ornamental Onion ...... 77 Monkshood ...... 109 Osteospermum ...... 25 Montebretia ...... 70 Overcup Oak ...... 65 Morning Glory ...... 42 Oxalis ...... 91 Moss Phlox ...... 107 Oxeye ...... 24 Moss Rose ...... 108

157 P Prickly Pear Cactus ...... 36 Princess Feather ...... 108 Pacific Yew ...... 134 Princess Tree ...... 129 Pak Choy ...... 33 Privet ...... 88 Pampas Grass ...... 97 Proso Millet ...... 101 Panic Grass ...... 101 Protea ...... 109 Pansy ...... 139 Pumpkin ...... 47 Parsley ...... 7 Purple Coneflower ...... 23 Parsons Juniper ...... 50 Purple Passion Vine ...... 24 Pea ...... 62 Purple Queen ...... 42 Peach ...... 116 Purple Wintercreeper ...... 40 Peanut ...... 58 Pussy Willow ...... 126 Pear ...... 119, 120 Pyrenees Thrift ...... 95 Pearl Millet ...... 102 Pearlbush ...... 112 Q Pecan ...... 71 Pennisetum ...... 102 Qunice ...... 112 Pennyroyal ...... 74 Pentas ...... 124 R Peony ...... 91 Peperomia ...... 94 Rabbiteye Blueberry ...... 57 Pepper ...... 131 Rape ...... 31 Peppergrass ...... 34 Raspberry ...... 122, 123 Peppermint ...... 74 Red Bay ...... 77 Perennial Phlox ...... 107 Red Fescue ...... 99 Perennial Ryegrass ...... 100 Red Hot Poker ...... 79 Periwinkle ...... 9 Red Maple ...... 5 Perovskia ...... 75 Red Oak ...... 65, 66 Persian Violet ...... 68 Red Raspberry ...... 122 Persimmon ...... 53 Redbud ...... 59 Peruvian Lily ...... 78 Redwood ...... 51 Philodendron ...... 13 Reed Canary Grass ...... 102 Phlox ...... 107, 108 Rhaphiolepis ...... 120 Photinia ...... 114 Rhododendron ...... 55, 56 Pieris ...... 55 Rhubarb ...... 108 Pignut Hickory ...... 71 Rice ...... 101 Pigweed ...... 7 River Birch ...... 29 Pimento Pepper ...... 130 Rock Cress ...... 31 Pin Oak ...... 65 Rockcress ...... 30 Pincushion Flower ...... 52 Rose ...... 121 Pindo Palm ...... 16 Rose Verbena ...... 138 Pine ...... 93, 94 Rosebay Rhododendron ...... 55 Pineapple Sage ...... 75 Rosemary ...... 75 Pink ...... 40 Rose-of-Sharon ...... 84 Pittosporum ...... 94, 95 Rough Bluegrass ...... 102 Plum ...... 118 Rough Goldenrod ...... 26 Plum Yew ...... 40 Royal Azalea ...... 55 Plumbago ...... 96 Royal Fern ...... 90 Podocarpus ...... 107 Rubber Plant ...... 85 Poinsettia ...... 58 Rubus ...... 122, 123 Pomegranate ...... 109 Rudbeckia ...... 25 Pond Lily ...... 87 Rue ...... 125 Poplar ...... 125 Russian Sage ...... 75 Poppy ...... 91 Rutabaga ...... 31 Post Oak ...... 66 Rye ...... 103 Pothos ...... 13 Ryegrass ...... 100

158 S Southern Pea ...... 64 Southern Red Cedar ...... 51 Sabal Palm ...... 17 Southern Red Oak ...... 65 Sage ...... 76 Southern Spicebush ...... 77 Sage-leafed Butterfly Bush ...... 80 Soybean ...... 59 Sago Palm ...... 52 Sparkleberry ...... 56 Salvia ...... 76 Spathe Flower ...... 13 Sandankwa Viburnum ...... 39 Spearmint ...... 74 Santolina ...... 26 Speedwell ...... 130 Sasanqua ...... 135 Spicebush ...... 77 Sassafras ...... 77 Spinach ...... 41 Satsuma ...... 125 Spirea ...... 123 Saucer Magnolia ...... 81 Split-Leaf Philodendron ...... 13 Savannah Holly ...... 9 Spotted Dead Nettle ...... 73 Saw Palmetto ...... 17 Spruce ...... 92 Sawara Falsecypress ...... 48 Spurge ...... 36, 58 Sawtooth Oak ...... 64 Spurred Anoda ...... 83 Saxifraga ...... 128 Squash ...... 47 Scarlet Firethorn ...... 119 St. Augustinegrass ...... 104 Scarlet Oak ...... 64 St. John's Wort ...... 41 Scarlet Sage ...... 76 Staghorn Fern ...... 108 Schefflera ...... 14, 15 Star Magnolia ...... 82 Scotch Pine ...... 93 Statice ...... 96 Sea Thrift ...... 95 Stock ...... 35 Seashore Paspalum ...... 102 Stonecrop ...... 45 Sedge ...... 52 Strawberry ...... 112, 113 Sedum ...... 45 Strawberry Tree ...... 54 Seersucker Plantain Lily ...... 79 Subterranean Clover ...... 63 Senna ...... 59 Sudan Grass ...... 103 Serviceberry ...... 111 Sugar Maple ...... 4, 5 Sesame ...... 91 Sumac ...... 7 Shamrock ...... 90 Sunflower ...... 24 Shasta Daisy ...... 21 Swamp Milkweed ...... 17 Shell Ginger ...... 141 Swedish Ivy ...... 75 Shore Juniper ...... 50 Swedish Turnip ...... 31 Showy Jasmine ...... 87 Sweet Autumn Clematis ...... 110 Shrimp Plant ...... 4 Sweet Basil ...... 74 Siberian Iris ...... 71 Sweet Bay ...... 77 Silver Maple ...... 5 Sweet Bay Magnolia ...... 82 Skimmia ...... 125 Sweet Cherry ...... 115 Skip Laurel ...... 115 Sweet Flag ...... 12 Skyrocket Juniper ...... 50 Sweet Marjoram ...... 75 Slash Pine ...... 93 Sweet Orange ...... 125 Slipperwort ...... 129 Sweet Pepper ...... 130 Small-leaf Arrowhead ...... 38 Sweet Potato ...... 42 Snake Plant ...... 19 Sweet Shrub ...... 36 Snakeweed ...... 108 Sweet Viburnum ...... 38 Snapdragon ...... 128 Sweet William ...... 39 Snowball Bush ...... 38 Sweet Woodruff ...... 123 Society Garlic ...... 80 Sweetgum ...... 69 Sorghum ...... 103 Swinecress ...... 34 Sour Cherry ...... 115 Swiss Chard ...... 41 Sourwood ...... 54 Sword Fern ...... 53 Southern Curled Mustard ...... 31 Sycamore ...... 95 Southern Indica Azalea ...... 55 Sycamore Maple ...... 5 Southern Magnolia ...... 81 Syngonium ...... 13

159 T W Table Mountain Pine ...... 93 Wallflower ...... 34 Tall Fescue ...... 99 Walnut ...... 72 Tangerine ...... 125 Wandering Jew ...... 42 Tassel Fern ...... 109 Water Hyssop ...... 129 Tea ...... 135 Water Oak ...... 65 Tea Olive ...... 89 Water Willow ...... 4 Tea Plant ...... 135 Watermelon ...... 45 Tea Rose ...... 121 Wax Leaf Ligustrum ...... 88 Tea-oil Plant ...... 134 Wax Myrtle ...... 85, 86 Tepary Bean ...... 61 Wax Vine ...... 17 Ternstroemia ...... 136 Wax-leaf Privet ...... 88 Thanksgiving Cactus ...... 36 Weeping Cherry ...... 117 Thorn Apple ...... 131 Weeping Fig ...... 85 Thrift ...... 95 Weeping Lovegrass ...... 98 Thunbergia ...... 4 Weeping Mulberry ...... 85 Thyme ...... 77 Weeping Willow ...... 126 Tick Seed ...... 22 Weeping Yoshino Cherry ...... 117 Toad Lily ...... 19 Weeping Yucca ...... 19 Tobacco ...... 132 Weigela ...... 39 Tomato ...... 131, 132 Western Red Cedar ...... 51 Torenia ...... 130 Western Yew ...... 134 Trailing Boysenberry ...... 123 Weyeriana Butterfly Bush ...... 80 Tree Gloxinia ...... 69 Wheat ...... 104 Tree Mallow ...... 84 White Birds-in-a-Nest ...... 74 Tree Peony ...... 91 White Clover ...... 63 Trillium ...... 80 White Oak ...... 64 Triticale ...... 105 White Pine ...... 93 Triumph Tulip ...... 80 Wild Black Cherry ...... 117 True Geranium ...... 68 Wild Blue Phlox ...... 107 Trumpet Honeysuckle ...... 38 Wild Cherry ...... 118 Tulip ...... 80 Wild Currant ...... 128 Tuliptree ...... 81 Wild Ginger ...... 17 Turkey Oak ...... 65 Willow ...... 66, 126 Turkey Tangle Fogfruit ...... 138 Willow Oak ...... 66 Turnip ...... 33 Willowleaf Cotoneaster ...... 111 Windflower ...... 109 U Windmill Palm ...... 17 Winged Elm ...... 137 Ugli Fruit ...... 125 Winter Daphne ...... 136 Umbrella Tree ...... 14, 15 Wintercreeper ...... 40 Wisteria ...... 64 V Witch Alder ...... 69 Wood Sorrel ...... 91 Variegated Pittosporum ...... 95 Woodland Phlox ...... 107 Variegated Privet ...... 88 Woodland Sage ...... 76 Variegated Red-twig Dogwood ...... 43 Woolflower ...... 7 Verbena ...... 138 Wormwood ...... 20 Viburnum ...... 38, 39 Viola ...... 139 Virginia Creeper ...... 139 Y Virginia Pine ...... 94 Yarrow ...... 20 Virginia Sweetspire ...... 128 Yaupon Holly ...... 11 Vitex ...... 138 Yedda Hawthorn ...... 120 Yellow Bell Pepper ...... 130

160 Yellow Nut Sedge ...... 52 Z Yellow Sage ...... 138 Yew ...... 134 Zebra Plant ...... 4 Yoshino Cherry ...... 117 Zelkova ...... 137 Yucca ...... 19 Zinnia ...... 27 Zoysiagrass ...... 106

161 INDEX TO THE PLANT FAMILIES

A D Acanthaceae ...... 4 Diapensiaceae ...... 52 Aceraceae ...... 4 Dipsacaceae ...... 52 Actinidiaceae ...... 6 Dryopteridaceae ...... 53 Aizoaceae ...... 6 Amaranthaceae ...... 6 E Anacardiaceae ...... 7 Apiaceae ...... 7 Ebenaceae ...... 53 Apocynaceae ...... 7 Elaeagnaceae ...... 53 Aquifoliaceae ...... 9 Equisetaceae ...... 54 Araceae ...... 12 Ericaceae ...... 54 Araliaceae ...... 14 Euphorbiaceae ...... 57 Araucariaceae ...... 15 Arecaceae ...... 16 F Aristolochiaceae ...... 17 Asclepiadaceae ...... 17 Fabaceae ...... 58 Asparagaceae ...... 17 Fagaceae ...... 64 Aspleniaceae ...... 19 Fumariaceae ...... 67 Asteraceae ...... 20 G B Gentianaceae ...... 68 Balsaminaceae ...... 27 Geraniaceae ...... 68 Begoniaceae ...... 28 Gesneriaceae ...... 68 Berberidaceae ...... 28 Ginkgoaceae ...... 69 Betulaceae ...... 29 Grossulariaceae ...... 69 Bignoniaceae ...... 29 Boraginaceae ...... 30 H Brassicaceae ...... 30 Buxaceae ...... 35 Hamamelidaceae ...... 69

C I Cactaceae ...... 36 Illiciaceae ...... 70 Calycanthaceae ...... 36 Iridaceae ...... 70 Campanulaceae ...... 37 Cannaceae ...... 37 J Caprifoliaceae ...... 38 Juglandaceae ...... 71 Caryophyllaceae ...... 39 Celastraceae ...... 40 Cephalotaxaceae ...... 40 L Chenopodiaceae ...... 41 Lamiaceae ...... 72 Clusiaceae ...... 41 Lauraceae ...... 77 Commelinaceae ...... 42 Liliaceae ...... 77 Convolvulaceae ...... 42 Linaceae ...... 80 Cornaceae ...... 42 Loganiaceae ...... 80 Crassulaceae ...... 44 Lythraceae ...... 81 Cucurbitaceae ...... 45 Cupressaceae ...... 48 Cycadaceae ...... 52 Cyperaceae ...... 52

162 M Primulaceae ...... 108 Proteaceae ...... 109 Magnoliaceae ...... 81 Pteridaceae ...... 109 Malvaceae ...... 82 Punicaceae ...... 109 Marantaceae ...... 84 Melastomataceae ...... 84 R Moraceae ...... 85 Musaceae ...... 85 Ranunculaceae ...... 109 Myricaceae ...... 85 Rosaceae ...... 111 Myrsinaceae ...... 86 Rubiaceae ...... 123 Myrtaceae ...... 86 Rutaceae ...... 124

N S Nyctaginaceae ...... 86 Salicaceae ...... 125 Nymphaeaceae ...... 87 Sapindaceae ...... 126 Saxifragaceae ...... 127 O Scrophulariaceae ...... 128 Solanaceae ...... 130 Oleaceae ...... 87 Styracaceae ...... 134 Onagraceae ...... 89 Symplocaceae ...... 134 Orchidaceae ...... 90 Osmundaceae ...... 90 T Oxalidaceae ...... 90 Taxaceae ...... 134 P Theaceae ...... 134 Thymelaeaceae ...... 136 Paeoniaceae ...... 91 Typhaceae ...... 137 Papaveraceae ...... 91 Pedaliaceae ...... 91 U Pinaceae ...... 91 Piperaceae ...... 94 Ulmaceae ...... 137 Pittosporaceae ...... 94 Platanaceae ...... 95 V Plumbaginaceae ...... 95 Poaceae ...... 96 Verbenaceae ...... 137 Podocarpaceae ...... 107 Violaceae ...... 139 Polemoniaceae ...... 107 Vitaceae ...... 139 Polygonaceae ...... 108 Polypodiaceae ...... 108 Z Portulacaceae ...... 108 Zingiberaceae ...... 141

163 INDEX TO THE COMMON NAMES OF PLANT DISEASES

A Armillaria root rot ...... 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 29, 35, 39, 41, 44, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, Abutilon mosaic virus ...... 83 57, 67, 70, 72, 81, 86, 88, 92, 93, 111, 112, 113, Actinopelte leaf spot ...... 5, 43, 44, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69 126, 127, 130, 134, 135, 136, 137, 140 Aerial blight ...... 8, 9, 20, 21, Ascochyta leaf spot ...... 5, 6, 32, 58, 28, 40, 48, 51, 55, 60, 112 62, 81, 97, 103, 104, 105, 108, 109, 111 Alfalfa mosaic virus ...... 28, 39, 68, 80 Ashy stem blight ...... 59, 61, 62, 63, 91 Algal leaf spot ...... 10, 16, 56, 65, Asian prunus virus 1 ...... 117 66, 67, 70, 81, 82, 122, 134, 135, 136 Asian soybean rust ...... 59 Altenaria leaf spot ...... 24 Aspergillus ear rot ...... 105 Alternaria blight ...... 27, 37, 39, 127 Asperisporium needle ...... 49 Alternaria flower, leaf and stem spot ...... 24 Aster rust ...... 20 Alternaria foliar blight ...... 26 Aster yellows ...... 23 Alternaria glume blotch ...... 104 Alternaria leaf and petal ...... 26 B Alternaria leaf and stem spot ...... 24 Alternaria leaf spot ...... 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, Bacterial black rot ...... 31 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, Bacterial blight...... 21, 23, 34, 37, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38, 40, 42, 45, 46, 52, 59, 61, 62, 68, 74, 76, 79, 80, 91, 95, 96, 138 47, 48, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 68, 70, 71, 74, 76, 79, Bacterial canker ...... 69, 115, 116, 131 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 94, 95, 100, 101, 103, Bacterial gall ...... 11, 70 105, 107, 108, 109, 111, 113, 116, 118, 119, Bacterial knot ...... 8 120, 123, 124, 126, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, Bacterial leaf scorch ...... 4, 5, 8, 57, 136, 138, 139 64, 66, 67, 69, 85, 95, 115, 118, 137 Alternaria needle necrosis ...... 16, 48, 93 Bacterial leaf spot ...... 7, 9, 12, 13, Angular leaf spot...... 46, 56, 61, 14, 15, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 94, 95, 112, 120, 140 34, 37, 40, 41, 45, 58, 59, 60, 63, 68, 73, 75, 76, Annosum root rot ...... 56 79, 82, 84, 85, 89, 91, 96, 109, 113, 114, 115, Anthracnose ...... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 116, 117, 118, 121, 124, 127, 128, 133, 138 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, Bacterial leaf spot and blight ...... 22, 96 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, Bacterial pustule ...... 59 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, Bacterial soft rot ...... 12, 13, 18, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 19, 25, 32, 33, 36, 42, 45, 46, 47, 58, 68, 71, 78, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 90, 131, 133 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95, 96, 97, Bacterial stem rot ...... 22, 23, 34, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 58, 68, 76, 110, 131 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, Bacterial wilt...... 9, 22, 24, 26, 27, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 45, 46, 58, 62, 68, 75, 112, 130, 131, 132, 133 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141 Barley stripe ...... 100 Anthracnose fruit rot ...... 85, 88, 112, 125, 131 Barley yellow dwarf mosaic virus ...... 97, 100 Aphanomyces root rot ...... 62 Barley yellow dwarf virus ...... 97, 100, Apple black rot ...... 113 103, 105 Apple chlorotic leaf spot ...... 117 Barley yellow dwarf virus – pav ...... 97 Apple mosaic virus ...... 117, 121 Basal glume rot ...... 104 Apple scab ...... 113, 114 Basal sheath rot ...... 78 Arabis mosaic virus ...... 79 Basal stem rot ...... 33, 68 Aristastoma leaf spot ...... 61, 62 Bean pod mottle virus ...... 62 Bean yellow mosaic virus ...... 61, 62, 71 Bipolaris crown rot and leaf ...... 96 Bipolaris leaf spot ...... 52, 84, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106

164 Bitter rot ...... 113, 114, 119, 120, 140 Brown patch ...... 63, 96, 97, 98, Black chaff ...... 104 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107 Black head mold ...... 105 Brown rust ...... 21 Black knot ...... 115, 117, 118, 119 Brown spot ...... 59, 60, 90, 92, 93, 132 Black leg ...... 21, 31, 33, 64, Bud gall ...... 134 68, 74, 97, 132, 133 Butt rot ...... 16 Black mildew ...... 49, 82 Black node disease ...... 62 C Black point ...... 104, 105 Black pox ...... 114 Cane and leaf rust ...... 122 Black root rot ...... 9, 10, 11, 12, Cauliflower mosaic virus ...... 33 30, 35, 36, 38, 46, 53, 60, 67, 76, 81, 82, 83, 84, Cedar-apple rust ...... 51, 92, 91, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 116, 127, 111, 113, 114 128, 130, 133, 136, 138, 139 Cercospora leaf spot ...... 4, 6, 8, 9, Black rot...... 32, 33, 34, 42, 11, 13, 17, 18, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 53, 112, 113, 114, 119, 120, 140, 141 33, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 52, 53, Black stalk rot ...... 78 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 69, 70, 73, Black stem ...... 63 74, 79, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95, 96, Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus ...... 63 98, 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, Blast ...... 101 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, Blister spot ...... 113 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, Blossom blight ...... 47, 82, 116, 117, 118 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140 Blue mold...... 37, 42, 71, 80, Cercospora needle blight ...... 49, 51, 92 101, 116, 132 Cercospora stem blotch ...... 57 Blue spruce needle cast ...... 92 Charcoal rot ...... 5, 18, 25, 42, Boll rot ...... 83 46, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 76, 83, 84, 93, 94, 105, Botryodiplodia leaf spot ...... 8, 11, 64 107, 112, 131, 132 Botryodiploidia dieback, canker and stem rot ...... 9 Charcoal stem rot ...... 24 Botryosphaeria canker ...... 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, Cherry leaf roll virus ...... 43 16, 39, 40, 44, 48, 49, 51, 56, 57, 59, 65, 66, 70, Cherry leaf spot ...... 117, 118 81, 82, 85, 87, 88, 89, 91, 93, 94, 112, 113, 115, Chestnut blight ...... 64 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, Choanephora blight ...... 107 126, 127, 134, 135, 136, 140 Choanephora wet rot ...... 45 Botryosphaeria dieback ...... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, Circular spot ...... 42 10, 11, 14, 16, 29, 35, 38, 41, 43, 44, 48, 50, 51, Citrus greasy spot ...... 125 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 64, 65, 67, 70, 71, 72, 77, Citrus greening ...... 124, 125 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 92, 93, 94, 95, Citrus scab ...... 125 107, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, Cladosporium leaf spot ...... 6, 19, 28, 121, 123, 125, 126, 135, 136, 140 41, 78, 110, 116 Botryosphaeria dieback and canker ...... 4, 5, 6, Clematis wilt ...... 110 8, 29, 41, 44, 50, 54, 59, 65, 67, 71, 77, 81, 84, Clitocybe root rot ...... 72 92, 95, 113, 119, 120, 140 Collar rot ...... 109 Botryosphaeria dieback, canker, and twig blight .. 8, Colletotrichum leaf spot ...... 4, 5, 9, 14, 16, 43, 87, 88, 92, 126 15, 18, 23, 24, 29, 32, 38, 43, 53, 55, 56, 64, 66, Botrytis blight ...... 8, 10, 11, 15, 18, 68, 74, 79, 81, 85, 86, 88, 89, 90, 95, 96, 102, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 107, 108, 110, 120, 127, 135, 136, 141 37, 39, 45, 57, 58, 60, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, Colletotrichum stem decay ...... 4, 16, 23, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 89, 91, 93, 109, 110, 112, 27, 38, 42 113, 121, 122, 127, 128, 130, 133, 139, 140 Columbia lance nematode...... 32, 35, 36, Botrytis crown rot ...... 22, 31, 78, 79, 127 58, 60, 61, 71, 83, 97, 99, 103, 104, 106, 130 Botrytis leaf spot ...... 4, 28, 75, 95 Common smut ...... 106 Botrytis melting out ...... 20 Coniothyrium canker and dieback ...... 4 Boxwood decline ...... 35 Coniothyrium leaf spot ...... 6, 19, 52, 82 Branch blight ...... 8 Constriction canker ...... 116 Branch tip blight ...... 51 Copper spot ...... 96 Brown felt fungus ...... 44, 65, 66, 77 Corm rot ...... 70

165 Corticium blight ...... 85 Dothiorella fruit rot ...... 77 Coryneum fruit spot ...... 115 Dothiorella leaf spot ...... 10, 11, 56, Cottony blight ...... 98, 100 81, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 120 Cottony leak ...... 47 Double blossom ...... 122 Cowpea severe mosaic virus ...... 62, 63 Downy mildew...... 22, 25, 27, 31, Crazy top downy ...... 106 32, 33, 39, 46, 47, 59, 68, 73, 74, 76, 80, 107, Cristulariella leaf spot ...... 5 108, 112, 113, 115, 121, 128, 130, 139, 140, 141 Crown gall ...... 6, 10, 11, 25, Drechslera leaf spot ...... 71, 96, 97, 27, 29, 40, 43, 44, 49, 51, 55, 57, 58, 62, 64, 71, 98, 99, 100, 101, 104, 106 76, 87, 88, 111, 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 129, 131, 136, 140 E Cryptocline leaf spot ...... 29 Cucumber mosaic virus ...... 28, 29, 46, Early leaf spot ...... 58 62, 63, 71, 80, 128, 130, 131, 132 Eastern gall rust ...... 94 Curvularia blight ...... 96, 98, 99, Epicoccum leaf spot ...... 61 100, 101, 104, 106 Ergot ...... 98, 102, 104, 105 Curvularia leaf spot ...... 70, 97, 105 Exobasidium leaf gall ...... 56, 57, 134, 135 Cutting rot ...... 121 Exserohilum leaf spot ...... 75, 98, 103, Cylindrocarpon crown rot ...... 37 104, 106 Cylindrocarpon root rot ...... 108 Eye spot ...... 64, 102 Cylindrocladium blight ...... 9 Cylindrocladium leaf spot ...... 10, 11, 86 F Cylindrocladium root and petiole rot ...... 13 Cylindrocladium root rot ...... 6, 44, 57, Fabraea leaf spot ...... 114, 119, 120 82, 93, 116 Fairy ring leaf spot ...... 40 Cylindrocladium stem and root rot ...... 9 False smut ...... 16 Cylindrosporium leaf spot ...... 5, 6, 29, Fire blight...... 111, 112, 113, 67, 85, 118, 123, 126 114, 119, 120 Cymbidium mosaic virus ...... 90 Flag smut ...... 105 Cypress canker ...... 49 Fly speck ...... 56, 114 Cytospora canker ...... 64, 116, 126 Fly speck leaf spot ...... 56 Cytospora dieback ...... 114 Foliage necrosis ...... 8 Cytosporella twig blight ...... 11 Foliar nematode ...... 14, 28, 38, 39, 53, 56, 75, 79, 90, 108, 113, 130, 138, 139 Frogeye leaf spot...... 59, 112, D 113, 130, 132 Dagger nematode ...... 10, 12, 44, 57, Fruit rot ...... 10, 11, 47, 60, 72, 99, 104, 106, 112, 113, 114, 116, 118, 112, 113, 116, 130 119, 121, 136, 140, 141 Fusarium basal rot...... 16, 18, 36, Damping off ...... 9, 19, 31, 32, 71, 78, 80, 99 33, 34, 36, 41, 43, 46, 47, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, Fusarium bud rot ...... 16, 17 69, 76, 82, 83, 100, 101, 105, 106, 108, 109, Fusarium bulb rot ...... 12, 80 128, 131, 132, 133, 139 Fusarium canker...... 6, 11, 23, Daylily leaf streak ...... 78 44, 63, 81, 86 Daylily rust ...... 78 Fusarium corm rot ...... 13, 70, 71 Diplodia canker ...... 17, 85, 94, 114 Fusarium crown rot ...... 12, 18, 19, 49, Diplodia dieback ...... 9, 10, 50, 52, 70, 77, 91, 97, 107, 112, 127 70, 81, 107, 113, 116, 118, 121 Fusarium cutting rot ...... 81 Diplodia tip blight ...... 50, 51, 93 Fusarium dieback ...... 11, 67 Disappearing root rot ...... 15 Fusarium dry rot ...... 13, 133 Discula anthracnose ...... 4, 5, 65, 66, 67 Fusarium end, root and surface rot ...... 42 Dogwood anthracnose ...... 43, 44 Fusarium head mold ...... 102 Dollar spot ...... 96, 97, 98, 99, Fusarium leaf base rot ...... 45 100, 101, 102, 104, 106, 107 Fusarium leaf spot ...... 17, 18, 78, 90 Dothichiza leaf spot ...... 57 Fusarium root and stem rot ...... 7, 15, 24, Dothiorella canker ...... 16, 95 27, 31, 32, 47, 53, 61, 62, 63, 80, 128, 130

166 Fusarium root rot ...... 6, 10, 12, 15, 17, Hibiscus rust ...... 84 19, 23, 28, 35, 41, 58, 61, 67, 72, 73, 75, 76, 77, Hollyhock rust ...... 83 83, 84, 86, 88, 93, 95, 96, 98, 101, 102, 103, Hosta virus x ...... 79 110, 120, 124, 127, 134, 135, 139 Hypoxylon canker ...... 5, 67 Fusarium stem and root rot ...... 8, 24, 34, 68, 83, 123 I Fusarium stem necrosis ...... 10 Fusarium stem rot ...... 6, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, Impatiens necrotic spot virus ...... 7, 19, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29, 32, 34, 36, 39, 45, 46, 63, 72, 79, 84, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 37, 42, 68, 69, 73, 74, 78, 79, 105, 107, 115, 121, 123, 127, 131, 132, 137, 139 80, 89, 90, 91, 107, 109, 127, 129, 130, 135, 138 Fusarium surface rot ...... 42 Iris fulva mosaic virus ...... 71 Fusarium wilt ...... 6, 16, 20, 21, 27, Iris leaf spot ...... 71 32, 33, 34, 39, 42, 46, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 69, 74, Iris mosaic virus ...... 71 75, 81, 82, 83, 84, 108, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133 Fusarium yellows ...... 32, 33, 62 J Fusicoccum branch dieback ...... 49 Fusicoccum canker and dieback ...... 4, 116, 140 Java black rot ...... 42 Fusicoccum dieback ...... 14, 86, 118 Fusicoccum twig blight ...... 11 K Fusiform rust ...... 65, 66, 67, 93, 94 Kabatina tip blight ...... 48, 49, 50, 51, 92 Kernal spot ...... 72 G Kernel blight ...... 100 Gaillardia white smut ...... 24 Ganoderma butt rot ...... 17 L Ghost spot ...... 131 Gloeosporium canker and leaf spot ...... 11 Late leaf spot ...... 58 Gloeosporium leaf necrosis ...... 35 Laurel wilt ...... 77 Gloeosporium leaf spot ...... 4, 5, 8, 9, Leaf and stem necrosis ...... 34 10, 11, 13, 17, 29, 56, 61, 67, 81, 86, 87, 95, Leaf blight...... 35, 39, 40, 46, 108, 116, 118, 120, 126, 134, 135, 136 56, 98, 104, 120, 134, 135, 140, 141 Glume mold ...... 101 Leaf curl ...... 67, 115, 116, 117, 118 Gnomonia leaf spot ...... 72 Leaf necrosis ...... 10, 11, 49, 56, 58, 97, 108 Goldenrod rust ...... 20 Leaf rot ...... 11 Grain mold ...... 105 Leaf scorch ...... 58, 78, 112 Granville wilt ...... 132 Leaf spot ...... 8, 10, 15, Gray mold ...... 7, 8, 9, 13, 17, 18, 20, 19, 39, 42, 44, 52, 54, 56, 57, 60, 72, 78, 81, 82, 21, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 37, 42, 54, 56, 83, 90, 91, 95, 99, 100, 106, 109, 110, 112, 113, 58, 62, 68, 69, 71, 75, 81, 86, 89, 90, 91, 107, 116, 117, 118, 123, 125, 126, 127, 132, 134 108, 110, 111, 112, 121, 122, 128, 129, 131, 139 Leather rot ...... 112 Green mold ...... 125 Leptosphaeria leaf spot ...... 19, 101 Guava rust ...... 86 Leptosphaerulina leaf blight ...... 62, 96, 98, Guignardia leaf spot ...... 10 100, 101, 103, 106 Gummosis ...... 116 Leptosphaerulina leaf spot ...... 60, 63, 99, 102 Gummy stem blight ...... 46, 47, 58 Leptothyrium leaf spot ...... 11 Lesion nematode ...... 31, 32, 35, 36, 47, 59, 60, 61, 62, 83, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, H 106, 113, 114, 116, 132, 133, 140, 141 Hainesia leaf spot ...... 112 Ligustrum necrotic ringspot virus ...... 88 Halo blight ...... 63, 97 Lime anthracnose ...... 124 Head mold ...... 103 Lime withertip ...... 124 Heart rot ...... 64, 67, 72 Lophodermium needle cast ...... 51, 93, 94 Helminthosporium leaf spot ...... 16, 33, 67, 72, 84, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, M 105, 106, 128 Heuchera rust ...... 127 Macrophoma blight ...... 38, 51, 52, 134

167 Macrophoma blight and dieback ...... 52 Pestalotia leaf blight ...... 16 Macrophoma dieback and leaf spot ...... 11 Pestalotia leaf spot ...... 4, 12, 44, 48, Macrophoma leaf spot ...... 8, 10, 17, 54, 56, 66, 72, 85, 86, 88, 95, 114, 115, 122, 135 35, 56, 79, 86, 107 Pestalotiopsis leaf and petiole spot ...... 17 Macrophoma twig dieback ...... 35 Pestalotiopsis leaf and rachis spot ...... 17 Magnaporthe summer patch ...... 96 Pestalotiopsis leaf spot ...... 16, 48, 52, 81, 135 Maize chlorotic dwarf virus ...... 103, 106 Petiole and stem necrosis ...... 129 Maize dwarf mosaic virus - a ...... 103, 104 Phoma blight ...... 9, 20, 21, 30, Maize dwarf mosaic virus - b ...... 104 37, 43, 53, 79, 107, 108, 130 Maize dwarf mosaic virus - k ...... 106 Phoma crown rot ...... 34 Melanconium leaf spot ...... 16, 67 Phoma dieback ...... 9, 11, 12, 35, Melting out...... 97, 98, 99, 100, 44, 61, 95, 107, 121, 126, 140 101, 103, 104, 106 Phoma dieback and leaf spot ...... 12 Microdochium blight ...... 47 Phoma leaf spot...... 8, 9, 25, 29, 32, 38, Microstroma leaf spot ...... 72 45, 47, 68, 77, 84, 97, 104, 110, 128, 132, 137 Miscanthus blight ...... 101 Phoma leaf spot and blight ...... 9 Monochaetia canker ...... 49 Phoma stem rot ...... 22, 110, 133 Monostichella leaf spot ...... 5 Phomopsis blight, canker and dieback ...... 12 Mummy berry ...... 57 Phomopsis canker ...... 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, Myrothecium leaf spot ...... 11, 27, 28, 74, 139 18, 35, 44, 51, 56, 57, 64, 67, 77, 84, 94, 113, Myrothecium stem and root rot ...... 22 117, 118, 119, 121, 124, 126, 127, 132 Myxosporium dieback ...... 81 Phomopsis canker and dieback ...... 9, 10, 44, 56, 64, 67, 94, 117, 118, 121 N Phomopsis dieback ...... 4, 8, 9, 10, 16, 35, 43, 48, 49, 50, 53, 55, 56, 57, 69, 81, Nailhead spot ...... 131 82, 85, 86, 92, 95, 107, 110, 114, 115, 116, 117, Nandina stem pitting virus ...... 29 118, 119, 121, 125, 126, 134, 135 Nectria canker ...... 6, 35, 67, Phomopsis leaf spot ...... 14, 15, 16, 87, 113, 121, 126, 134 26, 29, 36, 52, 57, 59, 72, 77, 82, 84, 86, 105, Nectriella gall ...... 85, 95 112, 116, 122, 141 Needle browning ...... 16 Phomopsis rachis rot ...... 16, 17 Needle cast ...... 49, 51 Phomopsis stem gall ...... 29 Needle necrosis ...... 15, 48, 51, 92, 93 Phony peach ...... 116 Neocosmospora stem rot ...... 58, 59 Phyllosticta leaf spot ...... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, Net blotch ...... 99, 100, 101 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, Nigrospora blight ...... 98, 100, 103, 104 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, Northern corn leaf blight ...... 105, 106 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 67, 69, 70, 72, 75, 76, 78, 80, 82, 83, 84, O 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 96, 98, 100, 104, 105, 107, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 118, Oak leaf blister ...... 64, 65, 66, 67 119, 120, 121, 123, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, Oak root rot ...... 11, 51, 55, 113, 114 132, 136, 137, 138, 139 Oat mosaic virus ...... 97 Phytophthora aerial blight ...... 8 Odontoglossum ringspot virus ...... 90 Phytophthora aerial blight, branch blight, stem and Orange rust ...... 122 root rot ...... 8 Ovulinia petal blight ...... 55, 56 Phytophthora blight ...... 9, 38, 39, 54, 56, 59, 79, 82, 89, 116, 135, 139 P Phytophthora branch blight ...... 9, 57 Phytophthora crown and root rot ...... 18, 21, 23, Palm leaf spot ...... 16 30, 35, 38, 40, 41, 45, 46, 49, 56, 73, 75, 76, 78, Panicum mosaic virus ...... 99, 104 79, 81, 89, 91, 92, 95, 107, 110, 112, 114, 116, Papaya ringspot virus - w ...... 48 121, 124, 127, 137 Peach latent mosaic viroid ...... 117 Phytophthora crown, root, and stem rot ...... 69, 89 Peanut stunt virus ...... 59, 62 Phytophthora dieback ...... 12, 54, 56, 127 Pepper blight ...... 131 Pepper spot ...... 58, 63

168 Phytophthora root and crown rot ...... 5, 6, 14, Purple-bordered leaf spot ...... 5, 6 23, 27, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 69, 73, 76, 81, 84, Pyrenochaeta root rot ...... 98 86, 110, 124, 129, 134 Pythium blight ...... 9, 13, 90, 96, Phytophthora root and stem rot...... 9, 15, 28, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 106, 107 35, 38, 45, 53, 73, 79, 82, 84, 107, 128, 129, Pythium crown, root and stem rot...... 27, 28, 133, 138, 139 47, 139 Phytophthora root rot ...... 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, Pythium petiole rot ...... 20 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, Pythium root and crown rot ...... 13, 25, 34, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 48, 49, 37, 47, 55, 68, 107, 129, 130, 137, 138 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 66, 67, 68, Pythium root dysfunction ...... 96 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, Pythium root dysfunction and crown rot ...... 96 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 92, 93, 94, 95, 107, 109, Pythium root rot ...... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 110, 111, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 129, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, Phytophthora shuck rot ...... 72 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 65, Phytophthora stem rot ...... 7, 8, 9, 27, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 45, 47, 58, 75, 138 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, Phytophthora twig blight ...... 12, 56, 134 92, 93, 94, 95, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, Pilidium leaf spot ...... 5 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, Pin nematode ...... 97 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, Pine needle rust ...... 20, 93, 94 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, Pine wood nematode ...... 93, 94 136, 138, 139, 141 Pine-oak gall rust ...... 65, 66, 67 Pythium stem rot ...... 21, 31, 33, 64 Pink disease ...... 94 Pink mold ...... 72 Q Pink snow mold ...... 96, 100 Pitch canker ...... 93, 94 Quince rust ...... 51, 114, 119 Pith necrosis ...... 131 Plantago asiatica mosaic virus ...... 29 R Ploioderma needle cast ...... 94 Plum leaf scald ...... 118 Rachis blight ...... 16, 17 Plum pockets ...... 118 Rachis rot ...... 16 Pod rot ...... 58 Radish bacterial black rot ...... 34 Popcorn disease ...... 85 Rahcis blight ...... 17 Poria root rot ...... 94 Ramorum blight ...... 39, 54, 55, 56, 134, 135 Potato leafroll virus ...... 133 Ramularia leaf spot ...... 20, 113, 130 Potato leak ...... 133 Raspberry leaf curl virus ...... 122 Potato virus y ...... 130, 132 Ray blight ...... 21 Powdery mildew ...... 5, 7, 9, 21, Red crown rot ...... 59 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 38, 39, 40, 43, 44, Red root rot ...... 105 46, 47, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, Red stele ...... 112 67, 69, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 81, 82, 87, 88, 89, 95, Red thread ...... 100, 101 97, 100, 103, 105, 107, 108, 109, 112, 113, 114, Reniform nematode ...... 47, 60, 83 115, 116, 118, 121, 122, 123, 127, 128, 130, Rhizoctonia blight...... 23, 31, 53, 56, 132, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141 93, 96, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107 Pseudocercospora leaf spot ...... 39, 43, 44, Rhizoctonia crown and stem rot ...... 45, 47, 49, 54, 55, 56, 87, 88, 91, 95, 116, 117, 118, 57, 67, 89 120, 121, 122, 124, 126, 127, 128, 132, 134, Rhizoctonia crown rot ...... 18, 20, 37, 53, 78 135, 136, 137 Rhizoctonia foliar blight ...... 22, 48, 58, 59 Pseudonectria canker ...... 36 Rhizoctonia leaf blight ...... 23, 99 Pseudopeziza leaf spot ...... 63 Rhizoctonia root and stem rot ...... 7, 8, 9, 18, Pucciniastrum leaf rust ...... 55, 56 21, 25, 27, 28, 32, 34, 37, 42, 45, 47, 54, 61, 62, Punky rot ...... 42 63, 73, 82, 84, 94, 107, 108, 128, 130, 132, 133 Purple blotch ...... 78 Purple seed stain ...... 59

169 Rhizoctonia root rot ...... 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, Sheath rot ...... 98, 102 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, Shot hole ...... 116 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, Shothole cherry leaf spot ...... 117 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 57, 60, Smooth patch fungus ...... 8 62, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78, 79, Snow mold ...... 100 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 97, Soft rot ...... 18, 32, 78 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 109, 111, 112, 113, Soil borne oat mosaic virus ...... 97 114, 116, 120, 121, 124, 128, 129, 134, 135, Soil borne wheat mosaic virus ...... 97 136, 137, 138, 139 Soil rot ...... 42 Rhizoctonia stem rot ...... 12, 20, 27, 46, 53, Sooty blotch ...... 63, 114, 119, 120 58, 61, 73, 75, 77, 80, 83, 110, 130, 131, 139 Sooty mold ...... 64, 105 Rhizoctonia web blight ...... 18, 21 Sore shin ...... 60, 132 Rhizosphaera needle cast ...... 93, 94 Sorghum downy mildew ...... 105, 106 Ring nematode ...... 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, Sour rot ...... 116, 118, 120, 125 15, 32, 33, 35, 36, 44, 46, 47, 49, 51, 57, 58, 60, Sour rot market disease ...... 118 61, 62, 63, 65, 71, 76, 78, 81, 82, 83, 88, 95, 96, Southern blight...... 4, 6, 8, 9, 20, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 107, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 36, 42, 43, 46, 52, 58, 60, 113, 116, 118, 121, 132, 134, 135, 139, 140, 141 61, 62, 71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, Root and crown rot ...... 56, 104 85, 87, 96, 100, 109, 110, 113, 114, 128, 129, Root and stem rot ...... 6, 75, 82 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 139 Root rot ...... 18, 20, 35, 48, 53, Southern corn leaf blight ...... 105 56, 57, 65, 76, 82, 89, 94, 98, 100, 101, 115, 117 Southern stem blight ...... 8, 9, 26, Root-knot nematode...... 6, 7, 9, 10, 28, 41, 109, 138 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 22, 23, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, Soybean cyst nematode ...... 60 34, 35, 36, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 56, 57, 58, Soybean rust ...... 59 60, 61, 62, 63, 71, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, Sphaeropsis dieback...... 5, 49, 50, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 51, 64, 92, 119 104, 106, 107, 110, 113, 114, 116, 118, 121, Sphaeropsis shoot blight ...... 48, 49 123, 124, 125, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, Sphaeropsis stem gall ...... 64 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141 Sphaerulina leaf spot ...... 12, 123 Rose rosette virus ...... 121 Spiral nematode ...... 10, 11, 12, 15, Rosette ...... 122 18, 32, 33, 35, 36, 42, 46, 47, 60, 61, 62, 78, 81, Rust ...... 8, 17, 20, 26, 27, 29, 82, 83, 96, 98, 99, 100, 104, 106, 131, 132, 133 37, 40, 41, 42, 49, 50, 51, 52, 58, 61, 62, 63, 68, Spot anthracnose ...... 6, 10, 11, 43, 44, 54, 56 71, 74, 83, 84, 85, 89, 91, 92, 97, 98, 99, 100, Spot blotch ...... 100 101, 103, 104, 106, 111, 112, 117, 118, 119, Spring black stem ...... 60 120, 121, 125, 126, 128, 138, 139 Spring dead spot ...... 98, 106 Spur blight ...... 122 S Squash mosaic virus ...... 46, 47, 48 Stagonospora blotch ...... 105 Sap streak ...... 6 Stem and bulb nematode ...... 30 Sapwood rot ...... 93 Stem canker ...... 25, 28, 33, 42, Scab...... 40, 45, 72, 105, 57, 59, 61, 62, 75, 110, 114, 123 109, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 125, 126, 139 Stemphylium leaf blight ...... 78 Sclerotinia crown rot ...... 24, 30, 61, 113 Stemphylium leaf spot ...... 20, 21, 32, Sclerotinia stem rot ...... 24, 25, 31, 32, 61, 73, 83, 124, 133, 139 47, 60, 128, 132 Stigmatomycosis ...... 72 Scurf ...... 42 Stigmina leaf spot ...... 17 Seiridium canker ...... 49, 52 Sting nematode ...... 10, 11, 12, 32, Semi loose smut ...... 97 36, 41, 42, 46, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 67, 72, 83, Septoria glume blotch ...... 105 85, 96, 98, 99, 100, 104, 106, 107, 113, 115, Septoria leaf spot ...... 5, 20, 21, 25, 27, 119, 120, 122, 132, 133 42, 43, 44, 54, 56, 60, 70, 73, 86, 100, 102, 105, Strawberry mild yellow edge virus ...... 113 107, 108, 115, 122, 123, 125, 130, 132 Stubby root nematode ...... 31, 32, 33, Septoria speckled leaf blotch ...... 100 48, 56, 60, 61, 68, 83, 96, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, Sheath nematode ...... 98, 99, 104 106, 122, 132, 133, 140, 141

170 Stunt nematode ...... 10, 12, 32, 46, 56, 60, Verticillium wilt...... 5, 6, 21, 36, 62, 66, 86, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 105, 113, 132 58, 82, 83, 121, 123, 128 Sudden death syndrome ...... 59 Volutella blight ...... 12, 35, 36 Summer black stem ...... 60 Volutella dieback ...... 35 Sweet potato feathery mottle virus ...... 42 W T Watermelon fruit blotch ...... 45 Take-all ...... 96, 98, 99, 104, 105, 106 Watermelon mosaic virus ...... 46, 47, 48 Tan-brown rot ...... 112 Watermelon mosaic virus 2 ...... 48 Tar spot ...... 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 67, 104 Watery soft rot ...... 32 Target spot ...... 46, 59, 62, 63, 132 Web blight ...... 9, 11, 12, 20, 22, Thielaviopsis trunk rot ...... 17 24, 27, 30, 48, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 61, 62, 70, 74, Thread blight...... 11, 12, 40, 85, 75, 76, 85, 108, 122, 123, 130 88, 95, 121, 139 Wet weather blight ...... 83 Timber rot ...... 51 White leaf spot ...... 31, 32, 33 Tip bight ...... 50 White mold ...... 4, 22, 26, 37, Tobacco etch virus ...... 131, 132 53, 60, 61, 62, 76, 80, 91, 109, 131 Tobacco ringspot virus ...... 46, 48, 122, White rot ...... 32, 33, 66, 67, 127, 132 78, 94, 113, 114, 119, 132, 140 Tomato aspermy virus ...... 132 White rust ...... 31, 41, 42 Tomato ringspot virus ...... 48, 80, 114, Wild fire ...... 59 117, 122, 129 Wire stem disease ...... 32, 33 Tomato spotted wilt virus ...... 19, 21, 22, Witches broom ...... 86, 115 26, 27, 28, 37, 43, 54, 59, 68, 69, 70, 72, 78, 79, Wood decay ...... 72 89, 107, 129, 130, 131, 132, 135, 138 Wood rot ...... 116 Tomato spotted wilt virus - l...... 59, 131, 132, 138 Y Trunk canker ...... 59 Tubakia leaf spot ...... 44, 72 Yellow leaf spot ...... 56 Tulip breaking virus ...... 80 Yellow patch ...... 96, 100, 102, 103 Turnip mosaic virus ...... 28, 31, 32, 33, 41 Twig blight...... 10, 35, 49, 51, Z 57, 67, 88, 92, 116, 119, 126 Twig dieback ...... 29, 35, 43, 44, 86 Zonate leaf spot...... 5, 6, 54, 63, 65, 81, 84, 101, 104, 105, 137 V Zucchini yellow mosaic virus ...... 46, 47, 48 Venturia leaf spot ...... 6

171 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC ALGAE

C Cephaleuros sp...... 10, 70, 122

Cephaleuros virescens ...... 16, 56, 65, 66, 67, 81, 82, 97, 122, 134, 135, 136

172 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

A Pseudomonas cichorii...... 21, 22, 34, 76, 84, 110, 111, 129, 138 Acidovorax (Pseudomonas) facilis ...... 133 Pseudomonas coronafaciens ...... 97 Acidovorax avenae ...... 37, 45, 90, 96 Pseudomonas corrugata ...... 131 Acidovorax avenae subsp. cattleyae ...... 90 Pseudomonas glycines ...... 59 Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli ...... 45 Pseudomonas lachrymans ...... 46 Acidovorax konjaci ...... 9 Pseudomonas marginalis ...... 32 Acidovorax sp...... 30 Pseudomonas solanacearum ...... 26 Agrobacterium radiobacter ...... 131 Pseudomonas sp...... 13, 18, 20, Agrobacterium sp...... 6, 25, 49, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 33, 41, 45, 46, 59, 76, 79, 96, 51, 55, 58, 62, 71, 87, 113, 114, 116, 118, 121, 113, 115, 116, 131, 133 122, 123, 126, 136, 140 Pseudomonas syringae ...... 7, 8, 14, Agrobacterium tumefaciens ...... 10, 11, 27, 21, 22, 26, 30, 52, 62, 63, 68, 69, 70, 74, 75, 76, 29, 40, 43, 44, 55, 57, 64, 71, 76, 87, 88, 111, 82, 84, 89, 91, 96, 104, 109, 112, 113, 116, 121, 114, 115, 116, 121, 122, 124, 126, 129, 131, 128, 131, 138 136, 140 Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata ...... 68 Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens ...... 104 B Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ...... 22, 76 Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi ...... 70 Burkholderia andropogonis ...... 40 Pseudomonas viridiflava ...... 21, 23, 34, 109 Burkholderia cepacia ...... 18 R C Ralstonia solanacearum ...... 9, 22, 24, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ...... 124, 125 26, 27, 45, 58, 62, 68, 75, 130, 131, 132, 133 Clavibacter michiganensis ...... 131 Corynebacterium ilicis ...... 11 Corynebacterium sp...... 58 S Streptomyces ipomoea ...... 42 E Streptomyces scabies ...... 133 Enterobacter nimipressuralis ...... 43 Enterobacter sp...... 68 X Erwinia amylovora ...... 112, 113, Xanthomonas arboricola ...... 116 114, 119, 120 Xanthomonas axonopodis ...... 59, 131 Erwinia carotovora...... 13, 21, 25, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines ...... 59 32, 33, 45, 46, 58, 71, 79, 105, 131, 132, 133 Xanthomonas campestris ...... 12, 13, 14, 15, Erwinia chrysanthemi ...... 13, 21, 58, 27, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 58, 59, 60, 62, 68, 73, 85, 71, 90, 105, 131 91, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 121, 124, Erwinia herbicola ...... 131 128, 130, 131 Erwinia sp...... 12, 13, 19, 21, Xanthomonas campestris pv. begoniae ...... 28 32, 33, 36, 42, 47, 58, 71, 78, 79, 111, 112, 113, Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae ...... 14, 15 114, 119, 120 Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni ...... 116 Erwinia tracheiphila ...... 45, 46 Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani ...... 34 Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria ...... 34, P 130, 131 Xanthomonas perforans ...... 131 Pectobacterium (Erwinia) chrysanthemi ...... 25 Xanthomonas sp...... 13, 14, 15, 27, Pectobacterium carotovorum carotovorum ...... 18 32, 34, 37, 61, 68, 76, 91, 104, 108, 116, 118, Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum .. 13 124, 131, 138 Pectobacterium chrysanthemi ...... 22, 23, 45, 131 Xanthomonas vitians ...... 13 Pseudomona syringae pv. syringae ...... 80 Xylella fastidiosa ...... 4, 5, 8, 57, 64, 65, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ...... 34 66, 67, 69, 85, 95, 115, 116, 118, 137, 139, 140

173 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI

A Bipolaris sorokiniana ...... 98, 100, 103, 105 Acantharia sp...... 66 Bipolaris sp...... 52, 84, 96, 97, Acremonium coenophialum ...... 100 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 Actinopelte dryina ...... 44, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69 Bipolaris spicifera ...... 98 Actinopelte sp...... 5, 43, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69 Blumeriella jaapii ...... 117, 118 Albugo ipomoeae ...... 42 Blumeriella sp...... 117 Albugo occidentalis ...... 41 Botryodiplodia sp...... 4, 8, 9, 11, Albugo sp...... 31 44, 49, 64, 70 Aleurodiscus oakesii ...... 8 Botryosphaeria dothidea ...... 5, 11, 39, Alternaria alternata ...... 15, 45, 46, 84, 44, 49, 57, 59, 70, 77, 82, 85, 86, 87, 95, 113, 101, 120, 131, 132 116, 118, 119, 122, 125, 126, 140 Alternaria brassicola ...... 31, 32, 33 Botryosphaeria obtusa ...... 112, 113, 119, 120 Alternaria dianthi ...... 40 Botryosphaeria rhodina ...... 116 Alternaria helianthi ...... 24 Botryosphaeria ribis ...... 44, 57, 70, Alternaria mali ...... 113 113, 121 Alternaria panax ...... 14, 15 Botryosphaeria sp...... 4, 5, 6, 7, Alternaria porri ...... 78 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 29, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, Alternaria sp...... 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 44, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 64, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 65, 66, 67, 70, 71, 72, 77, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45, 86, 87, 88, 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 107, 111, 112, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 68, 70, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 71, 74, 76, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 93, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 134, 135, 136, 137, 140 94, 95, 100, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 111, Botrytis cinerea...... 8, 9, 18, 20, 113, 116, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 126, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 33, 34, 37, 44, 45, 54, 56, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 136, 138, 139 58, 68, 73, 74, 75, 78, 79, 81, 82, 86, 89, 91, 94, Alternaria tagetica ...... 26 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 121, 122, 127, Alternaria tenuissima ...... 20, 94, 131 128, 130, 131, 139 Alternaria zinniae ...... 24, 27 Botrytis elliptica ...... 79 Aphanomyces sp...... 62 Botrytis sp...... 4, 7, 8, 9, Apiognomonia errabunda ...... 64 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, Apiognomonia quercina ...... 66, 67 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 35, 37, 39, 42, 45, 56, 57, Apiognomonia sp...... 4, 5, 67, 72 58, 60, 62, 68, 69, 71, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, 85, Apiognomonia veneta ...... 5, 95 89, 90, 91, 93, 95, 107, 108, 110, 112, 113, 116, Apiosporina morbosa ...... 115, 117, 118 121, 122, 124, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 139, 140 Aristastoma sp...... 61, 62, 63 Botrytis tulipae ...... 80 Armillaria mellea ...... 11, 51, 112, Briosia azaleae ...... 56 113, 114, 121, 126 Armillaria tabescens ...... 16, 44, C 53, 88, 112, 118 Ascochyta sp...... 5, 6, 21, 32, 58, 60, Calonectria crotalariae ...... 59 62, 81, 83, 97, 99, 100, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, Calonectria sp...... 59 109, 110, 111 Cenangium ferruginosum ...... 93 Aspergillus flavus ...... 105 Cephalosporium sp...... 35, 78 Aspergillus sp...... 58, 103 Cephalothecium roseum ...... 72 Asperisporium sequoiae ...... 49 Ceratocystis caerulescens ...... 6 Asperisporium sp...... 49 Ceratocystis fagacearum ...... 65 Aureobasidium microstichum ...... 78 Ceratocystis sp...... 42, 65, 67 Ceratostomella fimbriata ...... 42 B Cercospora abeliae ...... 38 Cercospora antirrhini ...... 128 Bipolaris cynodontis ...... 98 Cercospora arachidicola ...... 58 Bipolaris maydis ...... 105

174 Cercospora asparagi ...... 18 Collecephalus sp...... 78 Cercospora bolleana ...... 85 Colletotrichum caudatum ...... 98 Cercospora brachypus ...... 140 Colletotrichum dematium ...... 59, 60, 62 Cercospora brassicae ...... 33 Colletotrichum fragariae ...... 112 Cercospora brassicola ...... 32 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides...... 4, 40, 72, Cercospora cercidicola ...... 59 85, 90, 112, 113, 119, 134, 135, 140 Cercospora citrullina ...... 45, 46, 47 Colletotrichum graminicola...... 5, 96, 97, Cercospora cornicola ...... 44 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 Cercospora fusca ...... 72 Colletotrichum higginsianum ...... 33 Cercospora gossypina ...... 83 Colletotrichum lindemuthianum ...... 62 Cercospora handelii ...... 56 Colletotrichum orbiculare ...... 45, 46, 47 Cercospora kikuchii ...... 59 Colletotrichum sp...... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, Cercospora lythracearum ...... 109 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, Cercospora medicaginis ...... 60 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, Cercospora odontoglossi ...... 90 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, Cercospora pittospori ...... 94, 95 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, Cercospora sesami ...... 91 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, Cercospora sojina ...... 59 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, Cercospora sorghi var. maydis ...... 105 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, Cercospora sp...... 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 107, 108, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 116, 118, 11, 13, 17, 18, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 127, 128, 130, 33, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, Colletotrichum theobromicola ...... 35 69, 70, 73, 74, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, Colletotrichum trichellum ...... 15 91, 95, 96, 98, 99, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, Colletotrichum truncatum ...... 59, 62 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, Coniella diplodiella ...... 140 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, Coniothyrium fuckelii ...... 121, 122, 123 128, 129, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140 Coniothyrium sp...... 4, 6, 15, 19, 52, Cercospora thujina ...... 92 82, 86, 95, 121, 122, 123, 140 Cercospora viburnicola ...... 38 Corticium salmonicolor ...... 85 Cercospora violae ...... 139 Corticium sp...... 85 Cercosporella brassicae ...... 33 Corynespora cassiicola ...... 59, 62, 91, Cercosporella sp...... 31, 32, 33, 85, 122 127, 128, 132, 138 Cercosporidium personatum ...... 58 Corynespora sp...... 46, 59, 88, 128 Cercosporidium sequoiae ...... 49 Coryneum betulinum ...... 29 Cerotelium fici ...... 85 Coryneum japonicum ...... 67, 88 Choanephora cucurbitarum ...... 47 Coryneum kunzei ...... 66, 67 Choanephora sp...... 45, 82, 107 Cristulariella depraedans ...... 5 Ciboria carunculoides ...... 85 Cristulariella moricola ...... 5, 54, 81, 84 Cladosporium carpophilum ...... 116, 118 Cristulariella pyramidalis ...... 5, 6, 81 Cladosporium caryigenum ...... 72 Cristulariella sp...... 81 Cladosporium cucumerina ...... 45 Cronartium quercuum ...... 65, 66, 93, 94 Cladosporium effusum ...... 72 Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme ..... 66, 93, 94 Cladosporium humile ...... 6 Cronartium sp...... 65, 67, 93 Cladosporium paeoniae ...... 91 Cryptocline betularum ...... 29 Cladosporium sp...... 10, 11, 19, Cryptodiaporthe populea ...... 125 28, 40, 41, 58, 60, 62, 72, 79, 83, 89, 91, 102, Cryptosporella umbrina ...... 121 104, 105, 110, 112, 116, 118, 122, 125, 131, 134 Curvularia lunata ...... 106 Claviceps purpurea ...... 105 Curvularia sp...... 33, 70, 96, 97, Clitocybe tabescens ...... 117 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106 Coccomyces hiemalis ...... 117, 118 Cylindrocarpon sp...... 15, 37, 108, 121 Coccomyces sp...... 116, 117, 118 Cylindrocladium crotalariae ...... 58, 59, 116 Coleosporium apocynaceum ...... 8 Cylindrocladium crotolaria ...... 6 Coleosporium asterum ...... 20 Cylindrocladium sp...... 6, 9, 10, 11, 43, Coleosporium sp...... 26, 42, 93, 94 44, 48, 56, 57, 58, 59, 82, 86, 93, 111, 121, 127 Collecephalus hemerocalli ...... 78 Cylindrocladium spathiphylli ...... 13

175 Cylindrosporium betulae ...... 29 Elsinoe veneta ...... 44, 122, 140 Cylindrosporium filipendulae ...... 123 Embellisia alli ...... 78 Cylindrosporium juglandis ...... 72 Endothia sp...... 64 Cylindrosporium kerriae ...... 113 Entomosporium mespili ...... 70, 111, 112, Cylindrosporium sp...... 5, 6, 29, 114, 119, 120 67, 85, 118, 123, 126 Entomosporium sp...... 112, 114, 119, 120 Cytospora sp...... 51, 64, 114, 116, 126 Entyloma polysporum ...... 24 Cytosporella sp...... 11, 121 Entyloma sp...... 24 Epicoccum purpurescens ...... 105 D Epicoccum sp...... 61, 97, 105 Erysiphe alphitoides ...... 66 Dendrophoma obscurans ...... 112 Erysiphe lagerstroemiae ...... 81 Dendrophoma sp...... 112 Erysiphe liriodendri ...... 81 Diaporthe phaseolorum ...... 59 Erysiphe polygoni ...... 63 Diaporthe sp...... 51, 57, 59, 61, 82, 110 Erysiphe sp...... 32, 39, 43, 60, Dibotryon morbosum ...... 115, 117, 118, 119 61, 62, 63, 81, 100, 105, 108 Didymella applanata ...... 122 Eutypa sp...... 140 Didymella bryoniae ...... 46 Exobasidium azaleae ...... 56 Didymella sp...... 46, 47, 58 Exobasidium camelliae ...... 134, 135 Didymellina macrospora ...... 71 Exobasidium sp...... 56, 57, 134, 135 Diplocarpon earliana ...... 112 Exobasidium vaccinii ...... 56 Diplocarpon mespili ...... 119 Exserohilum rostratum ...... 98, 103, 104, 106 Diplocarpon rosae ...... 121 Exserohilum sp...... 75, 98, 104 Diplocarpon sp...... 112, 121 Exserohilum turcicum ...... 105 Diplodia gossypina ...... 42 Diplodia pinea ...... 50, 93 F Diplodia sp...... 9, 10, 17, 50, 51, 52, 58, 70, 72, 81, 83, 85, 92, 107, 112, 113, Fomes annosus ...... 51 114, 116, 118, 119, 121 Fomes sp...... 51 Discella sp...... 64 Frommea obtusa ...... 112 Discohainesia sp...... 112 Fulvia fulva ...... 132 Discosia sp...... 91 Fusarium avenaceum ...... 96 Discula destructiva ...... 43, 44 Fusarium hostae ...... 79 Discula fraxinea ...... 87 Fusarium moniliforme ...... 18, 83, 105 Discula quercina ...... 65, 66, 67 Fusarium oxysporum ...... 6, 16, 18, 20, Discula sp...... 4, 5, 6, 21, 32, 33, 42, 46, 58, 59, 62, 63, 74, 75, 81, 82, 44, 64, 65, 66, 67, 87 83, 84, 108, 112, 130, 131, 132 Dothichiza sp...... 57 Fusarium solani ...... 6, 21, 42, 53, 63 Dothiorella sp...... 10, 11, 16, 29, 56, 57, 77, Fusarium sp...... 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 81, 95, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 126 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, Dothistroma sp...... 93, 94 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, Drechslera avenae ...... 97 46, 47, 49, 51, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 67, Drechslera dictyoides ...... 99, 100, 101 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, Drechslera gigantea ...... 98, 101 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, Drechslera sp...... 71, 96, 97, 98, 99, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 100, 101, 104, 105, 106 110, 112, 115, 116, 120, 121, 123, 124, 127, Drechslera teres ...... 100 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139 Drechslera tritici-repentis ...... 105 Fusarium virguliforme ...... 59 Fusicladium carpophilum ...... 117 E Fusicladium sp...... 54, 116 Fusicoccum aesculi ...... 114 Echinulata sp...... 67 Fusicoccum amygdali ...... 116 Eipcoccum nigrum ...... 105 Fusicoccum sp...... 4, 10, 11, 14, Elsinoe ampelina ...... 140 35, 49, 86, 114, 116, 118, 140 Elsinoe corni ...... 43, 44 Elsinoe sp...... 6, 10, 11, 43, 44, 54, 56, 122

176 G Helminthosporium papulosum ...... 114 Helminthosporium sativum ...... 97, 100 Gaeumannomyces graminis ...... 96, 98, 99, Helminthosporium sp...... 16, 33, 67, 105, 106 72, 84, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, Gaeumannomyces sp...... 98, 104, 105 105, 106, 128 Ganoderma sp...... 67, 93 Helminthosporium triseptatum ...... 96 Ganoderma zonatum ...... 16, 17 Helminthosporium turticum ...... 105 Geotrichum candidum ...... 125 Heterobasidion annosum ...... 56, 93 Geotrichum sp...... 116, 118, 120 Heterobasidion sp...... 93, 94 Gloeocercospora sorghi ...... 96, 104, 105 Heterosporium iridis ...... 71 Gloeodes pomigena ...... 114, 119, 120 Heterosporium sp...... 71 Gloeodes sp...... 114 Hypoxylon sp...... 5, 67 Gloeosporium apocryptum ...... 5, 6 Gloeosporium aridum ...... 87 I Gloeosporium cingulata ...... 57 Gloeosporium frigidum ...... 40 Isariopsis sp...... 140 Gloeosporium ilicis ...... 11 Gloeosporium limetticola ...... 124 K Gloeosporium minus ...... 57 Gloeosporium quercina ...... 67 Kabatiella sp...... 5 Gloeosporium sp...... 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, Kabatina juniperi ...... 49, 50, 51, 92 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 27, 28, 29, 35, 36, 40, Kabatina sp...... 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 92 43, 44, 56, 61, 67, 72, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 95, Kellermania sp...... 19 105, 108, 112, 114, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, Kuehneola malvicola ...... 84 126, 134, 135, 136, 140 Kuehneola uredinis ...... 122 Glomerella cingulata ...... 56, 59, 82, 88, Kunkelia nitens ...... 122 114, 116, 120, 121, 134, 135, 139, 140 Glomerella sp...... 13, 15, 19, 44, L 56, 57, 88, 114, 121, 134, 135, 140 Gnomonia caryae ...... 72 Laetisaria fuciformis ...... 100, 101 Gnomonia comari ...... 112 Lanzia sp...... 96, 98, 99 Gnomonia leptostyla ...... 72 Lanzia/Moellerodiscus sp...... 96, 97, 98, 99, Gnomonia platani ...... 95 100, 101, 102, 104, 106 Gnomonia quercina ...... 65, 67 Leptographium sp...... 93 Gnomonia sp...... 67, 72, 95, 112 Leptosphaeria coniothyrium ...... 121, 122, 123 Gnomonia ulmea ...... 137 Leptosphaeria korrae ...... 98 Golovinomyces orontii ...... 9 Leptosphaerulina sp...... 58, 60, 62, 63, Graphiola phoenicis ...... 16 96, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 106 Graphium sp...... 49 Leptosphaerulina trifolii ...... 96, 98, 100, Greeneria uvicola ...... 140 101, 102 Guignardia bidwellii ...... 15, 140 Leptothyrium sp...... 11 Guignardia sp...... 10 Leveillula sp...... 54 Gymnoconia interstitialis ...... 122 Lophodermium pinastri ...... 93, 94 Gymnoconia peckiana ...... 122 Lophodermium sp...... 51, 93, 94 Gymnosporangium clavipes...... 51, 92, 111, 112, 114, 119, 120 M Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae ...... 51, 92, 113, 114 Macrophoma candollei ...... 35 Gymnosporangium sp...... 49, 50, 51, Macrophoma fici ...... 85 111, 114, 119, 120 Macrophoma sp...... 8, 10, 11, 15, 17, 35, 38, 44, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54, 56, 79, 86, 92, 107, 109, 114, 126, 134, 140 H Macrophomina phaseoli ...... 18, 24, 25, 42, 46, Hainesia lythri ...... 112 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 83, 84, 91, 93, 94, 103, 105 Helminthosporium avenae ...... 97 Macrophomina sp...... 5, 42, 45, 59, Helminthosporium carbonum ...... 105 61, 62, 63, 76, 83, 94, 105, 107, 112, 131, 132

177 Magnaporthe grisea ...... 101 O Marasmius sp...... 100, 104 Marssonina populi ...... 125 Oidiopsis sicula ...... 132 Marssonina sp...... 72, 125 Oidium euonymi-japonici ...... 40 Melampsora medusa ...... 125 Oidium monilioides ...... 105 Melampsora sp...... 125, 126 Oidium sp...... 7, 21, 23, 24, 27, Melanconium fuligineum ...... 140 28, 29, 30, 33, 38, 39, 40, 43, 44, 46, 47, 54, 56, Melanconium sp...... 16, 67, 140 57, 59, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69, 73, 74, 75, 76, 81, Melanotus phillipsii ...... 100 82, 95, 105, 107, 108, 109, 112, 114, 116, 121, Melanotus sp...... 100 123, 127, 128, 130, 132, 137, 138 Meliola sp...... 82 Ophiodothella vaccinii ...... 56 Microdochium nivale ...... 96, 98, 100, 101 Ophiosphaerella agrostis ...... 96 Microdochium sp...... 98 Ophiosphaerella korrae ...... 98 Microdochium tabacina ...... 47 Ophiostoma ulmi ...... 137 Microgloeum sp...... 116 Ovulinia azaleae ...... 55, 56 Microsphaera alni ...... 56, 72, 81, 89 Oxysporus sp...... 35 Microsphaera penicillata ...... 43, 67 Microsphaera pulchra ...... 44 P Microsphaera sp...... 43, 44, 56, 57, 59, 66, 67, 72, 88, 95, 135, 137, 140 Paecilomyces buxi ...... 35 Microsphaera sparsa ...... 39 Paecilomyces sp...... 35 Microstroma juglandis ...... 72 Passalora personata ...... 58 Microthyriella rubi ...... 114 Passalora sequoiae ...... 49, 51 Moellerodiscus sp...... 98, 99 Pellicularia sp...... 11, 85 Monilinia fructicola ...... 110, 115, Penicillium digitatum ...... 125 116, 117, 118 Penicillium gladioli ...... 70 Monilinia sp...... 116, 118, 120 Penicillium sp...... 37, 42, 70, Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi ...... 57 71, 101, 116 Monilochaetes infuscans ...... 42 Peronospora antirrhini ...... 128 Monilochaetes sp...... 42 Peronospora belbahrii ...... 74 Monochaetia monochaeta ...... 137 Peronospora grisea ...... 130 Monochaetia sp...... 49, 65, 114 Peronospora parasitica ...... 31, 32, 33 Monostichella salicis ...... 126 Peronospora phlogina ...... 107, 108 Monostichella sp...... 5 Peronospora sp...... 31, 32, 33, 68, Mycoleptodiscus indicus ...... 19, 106 73, 76, 80, 113, 128, 130 Mycosphaerella carigena ...... 72 Peronospora sparsa ...... 121 Mycosphaerella cercidicola ...... 59 Pestalotia sp...... 4, 12, 16, 44, 48, Mycosphaerella dendroides ...... 72 49, 50, 54, 56, 66, 72, 81, 82, 85, 86, 88, 95, Mycosphaerella lythracearum ...... 109 114, 115, 122, 135, 140 Mycosphaerella sp...... 46, 56, 59, Pestalotiopsis palmarum ...... 17 72, 95, 112, 140 Pestalotiopsis sp...... 16, 48, 49, 50, 51, Myrothecium roridumi 52, 56, 81, 86, 92, 93, 107, 134, 135 Myxosporium sp...... 81 Phacidium sp...... 10, 11, 12 Phaeoacremonium sp...... 140 Phaeoisariopsis griseola ...... 61 N Phaeoisariopsis sp...... 81 Nectria cinnabarinai Phaeosphaeria acori ...... 101 Nectria sp...... 35, 67, 87, Phakopsora pachyrhizi ...... 59 113, 121, 126, 134 Phellinus gilvus ...... 67 Nectriella pironii ...... 85 Phoma clematidina ...... 110 Nectriella sp...... 95 Phoma destructiva ...... 132 Nematospora sp...... 72 Phoma exigua ...... 9, 62 Neocomospora vasinfecta ...... 59 Phoma lingam ...... 32 Nigrospora sp...... 100, 103, 104 Phoma medicaginis ...... 60 Nigrospora sphaerica ...... 98

178 Phoma sp...... 4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 20, Phytophthora cryptogea ...... 15, 21, 27, 21, 22, 25, 29, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 43, 44, 45, 46, 34, 56, 57, 109, 129, 133 47, 52, 53, 60, 61, 68, 73, 74, 77, 79, 83, 84, 97, Phytophthora hibernalis ...... 55 98, 104, 105, 107, 108, 110, 114, 115, 116, 119, Phytophthora ilicis ...... 10 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 133, 137 Phytophthora lateralis ...... 55 Phoma trifolii ...... 63 Phytophthora nicotianae ...... 6, 8, 9, 10, Phoma/Ascochyta sp...... 34 12, 14, 15, 21, 27, 29, 35, 38, 40, 45, 51, 53, 58, Phoma/Phyllosticta sp...... 9, 19, 20, 24, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 91, 96, 26, 38, 39, 44, 48, 51, 52, 76, 78, 91, 95, 96, 107, 109, 111, 121, 124, 127, 128, 129, 132, 110, 120, 126, 127, 129, 138 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139 Phomopsis amygdali ...... 116 Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica ...... 8, 27 Phomopsis gardeniae ...... 124 Phytophthora palmivora ...... 14, 15, 17 Phomopsis juniperovora ...... 51 Phytophthora parasitica ...... 6, 9, 15, 35, Phomopsis livella ...... 9 45, 56, 73, 74, 84, 87, 116, 128, 132, 138, 139 Phomopsis mali ...... 113 Phytophthora ramorum ...... 39, 54, 55, Phomopsis sp...... 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 56, 134, 135 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 26, 29, 35, 36, 43, 44, Phytophthora sp...... 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 64, 67, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 69, 72, 75, 77, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 92, 94, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 95, 105, 107, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 119, 121, 122, 125, 126, 127, 132, 133, 134, 57, 58, 59, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 135, 136, 141 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, Phragmidium rubidae ...... 122 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, Phragmidium sp...... 121 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, Phyllactinia guttata ...... 67 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 129, 130, Phyllactinia sp...... 56, 65, 67, 87 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139 Phyllosticta ampelicida ...... 139, 140, 141 Phytophthora syringae ...... 56, 134 Phyllosticta antirrhini ...... 128 Pilidium sp...... 5 Phyllosticta betulina ...... 29 Plasmodiophora brassicae ...... 32 Phyllosticta catalpae ...... 30 Plasmopara halstedii ...... 25 Phyllosticta clematidis ...... 110 Plasmopara obducens ...... 27 Phyllosticta cotoneastri ...... 111 Plasmopara sp...... 22, 141 Phyllosticta euonymi ...... 40 Plasmopara viburni ...... 39 Phyllosticta minima ...... 5, 6 Plasmopara viticola ...... 139, 140, 141 Phyllosticta punctata ...... 39 Pleurotus ostreatus ...... 72 Phyllosticta pyriformis ...... 90 Ploioderma lethale ...... 94 Phyllosticta sp...... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, Ploioderma sp...... 94 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, Podosphaera leucotricha ...... 114 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35, 37, 39, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, Podosphaera pannosa ...... 121 49, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 67, 69, Podosphaera sp...... 114, 118 70, 72, 75, 78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, Polyporus calkinsii ...... 64 96, 98, 99, 100, 104, 105, 106, 107, 109, 111, Polythrincium trifolii ...... 63 112, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 121, 123, Pseudocercospora juniperi ...... 51 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 132, 136, 137, 138 Pseudocercospora sp...... 39, 43, 44, 49, 54, Physalospora obtusa ...... 113, 114 55, 56, 87, 88, 91, 95, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, Physopella fici ...... 85 122, 124, 126, 127, 128, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137 Phytophthora cactorum ...... 12, 49, 56, Pseudocercosporella capsellae ...... 33 112, 139 Pseudocercosporella sp...... 85 Phytophthora capsici ...... 46, 47, 131, 132 Pseudonectria buxi ...... 35 Phytophthora cinnamomi...... 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, Pseudonectria rousseliana ...... 36 11, 12, 14, 15, 30, 35, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 49, 50, Pseudonectria sp...... 36 51, 55, 56, 57, 60, 65, 66, 67, 70, 73, 75, 81, 86, Pseudoperonospora cubensis ...... 46, 47 87, 88, 89, 92, 93, 94, 110, 112, 115, 116, 118, Pseudopeziza medicaginis ...... 60 120, 124, 127, 129, 134, 135, 136, 137 Pseudopeziza sp...... 60, 63 Phytophthora citrophthora ...... 78 Puccinia arenariae ...... 40 Puccinia canaliculata ...... 52

179 Puccinia coronata ...... 97, 100 Ramularia tulasnei ...... 113 Puccinia cynodontis ...... 98 Rhizoctonia cerealis ...... 96, 100, 102, 103 Puccinia grindeliae ...... 20 Rhizoctonia solani ...... 8, 9, 18, 21, 23, Puccinia hemerocallidis ...... 78 27, 28, 32, 33, 47, 48, 53, 58, 59, 61, 62, 73, 78, Puccinia heterospora ...... 83 82, 83, 84, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, Puccinia heucherae ...... 127 106, 107, 112, 132, 133 Puccinia lantanae ...... 138 Rhizoctonia sp...... 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, Puccinia malvacearum ...... 83 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, Puccinia oxalidis ...... 90, 91 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, Puccinia pelargonii ...... 68 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis ...... 68 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 67, 68, Puccinia peridermiospora ...... 89 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, Puccinia podophylli ...... 29 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, Puccinia polysora ...... 105 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, Puccinia psidii ...... 86 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115, Puccinia recondita ...... 105 116, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 127, 128, 129, Puccinia sp...... 20, 26, 27, 37, 42, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139 58, 62, 74, 78, 83, 84, 91, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, Rhizoctonia zeae ...... 96, 98, 99, 104 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 128, 139 Rhizopus sp...... 42, 47, 58, 106, Puccinia stenotaphri ...... 104 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 132 Puccinia stiiformis ...... 105 Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii ...... 92 Puccinia tanaceti ...... 21 Rhizosphaera sp...... 93, 94 Puccinia xanthii ...... 27 Rhytisma acerinum ...... 5, 6 Puccinia zoysia ...... 106 Pucciniastrum americanum ...... 122, 123 S Pucciniastrum myrtilli ...... 56 Pucciniastrum sp...... 56 Schizothyrium pomi ...... 114, 120 Pucciniastrum vaccinii ...... 55, 56, 57 Schizothyrium sp...... 114, 120 Pyrenophora avenae ...... 97 Scirrhia acicola ...... 93 Pyricularia grisea ...... 69, 97, 98, 99, Sclerotinia homeocarpa ...... 96, 99, 102, 100, 101, 104 104, 106, 107 Pyricularia sp...... 97, 98, 99, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ...... 4, 22, 24, 25, 102, 103, 104 26, 30, 32, 33, 37, 53, 60, 61, 62, 63, 76, 78, 80, Pythium aphanidermatum ...... 47, 132 109, 113, 128, 132 Pythium irregulare ...... 33 Sclerotinia sp...... 25, 31, 32, 47, 58, Pythium myriotylum ...... 58 60, 61, 62, 63, 91, 99, 101, 113 Pythium sp...... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, Sclerotium cepivorum ...... 78 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, Sclerotium delphinii ...... 73, 110 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, Sclerotium rolfsii ...... 4, 6, 8, 9, 20, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 36, 41, 42, 43, 46, 52, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 58, 60, 61, 62, 68, 71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 81, 83, 84, 85, 87, 96, 109, 110, 113, 114, 128, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 138, 139 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, Sclerotium sp...... 21, 22, 24, 43, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 60, 61, 62, 73, 100, 110, 132, 133 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, Scorias sp...... 64 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, Scorias spongiosa ...... 64 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141 Scutellonema sp...... 10, 12, 18, 32, Pythium spinosum ...... 98 33, 35, 42, 47, 60, 62, 81, 82, 83, 132 Pythium splendens ...... 12, 13, 15, 22, Seiridium sp...... 49 28, 75, 85, 107, 128 Seiridium unicorne ...... 49, 52 Pythium volutum ...... 96 Septobasidium sp...... 44, 65, 66, 77 Septoria azaleae ...... 56 R Septoria chrysanthemi ...... 21 Septoria lycopersici ...... 132 Raffaelea lauricola ...... 77 Septoria myricae ...... 86

180 Septoria nodorum ...... 100, 105 Trabutia quercina ...... 67 Septoria sp...... 5, 20, 25, 27, 42, Tranzschelia discolor ...... 118 43, 44, 54, 56, 60, 70, 86, 100, 102, 105, 107, Tranzschelia pruni-spinosae ...... 117 108, 115, 120, 122, 123, 125, 132 Tranzschelia sp...... 116, 118 Serenomyces phoenicis ...... 16 Trichaptum abietinum ...... 93 Serenomyces sp...... 17 Trichoderma sp...... 42 Setosphaeria turcica ...... 106 Tubakia dryina ...... 44, 64, 65, Sphaceloma euonymi-japonica ...... 40 66, 67, 70, 72 Sphaceloma fawcetti ...... 125 Tubakia sp...... 65, 67 Sphaeropsis sapinea ...... 49, 92, 93, 94 Sphaeropsis sp...... 5, 49, 50, 51, 52, U 64, 67, 82, 92, 114, 119, 120, 126 Sphaeropsis tumefaciens ...... 86 Uncinula bicornis ...... 5 Sphaerotheca fuliginea ...... 46 Uncinula sp...... 5, 140, 141 Sphaerotheca humuli var. fuliginea ...... 44 Urocystis agropyri ...... 105 Sphaerotheca macularis ...... 113, 139 Uromyces asclepiadis ...... 17 Sphaerotheca pannosa ...... 114, 115, 116, 121 Uromyces phaseoli ...... 61, 62 Sphaerotheca sp...... 46, 47, 72, 113, Uromyces sp...... 61, 62, 63, 98 114, 116, 121, 122 Uromyces striatus ...... 61 Sphaerulina acorii ...... 12 Uromyces triquetrus ...... 41 Sphaerulina rubi ...... 123 Ustilago avenae ...... 97 Spongospora sp...... 133 Ustilago cynodontis ...... 98 Spongospora subterranean ...... 133 Ustilago hordei ...... 97 Stagonospora curtisii ...... 78 Ustilago nigra ...... 97 Stagonospora nodorum ...... 105 Ustilago nuda ...... 100, 105 Stagonospora sp...... 78 Ustilago sp...... 97, 100, 106 Stemphylium botryosum ...... 61, 78 Ustilago striiformis ...... 100 Stemphylium solani ...... 130, 132 Ustilago tritici ...... 97, 100, 105 Stemphylium sp...... 18, 20, 21, 32, 61, 63, 73, 78, 83, 124, 132, 133, 139 V Stigmina palmivora ...... 16, 17 Venturia acerina ...... 6 Venturia carpophila ...... 116 T Venturia inaequalis ...... 113, 114, 118, 120 Taphrina caerulescens ...... 64, 65, 66, 67 Verticillium albo-atrum ...... 21 Taphrina communis ...... 118 Verticillium sp...... 5, 6, 58, 82, 83, Taphrina deformans ...... 116, 118 113, 121, 123, 128 Taphrina sp...... 64, 65, 66, 67, 117, 118 Volutella buxi ...... 35, 36 Taphrina ulmi ...... 137 Volutella pachysandrae ...... 36 Thielaviopsis basicola ...... 9, 10, 11, 12, Volutella sp...... 12, 35, 36 30, 35, 36, 38, 46, 53, 60, 67, 76, 82, 83, 84, 91, 107, 108, 109, 111, 127, 128, 133, 136, 138, 139 Z Thielaviopsis paradoxa ...... 17, 91 Thielaviopsis sp...... 12, 17, 81, 107, 116 Zygophiala jamaicensis ...... 120

181 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC LICHENS

S Strigula sp...... 82, 135

182 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC NEMATODES

A Meloidogyne graminis ...... 104 Meloidogyne incognita ...... 28, 33, 35, 46, Aphelenchoides fragariae ...... 75, 79, 113 60, 61, 77, 83, 102, 106, 132 Aphelenchoides sp...... 14, 28, 39, 53, Meloidogyne incognita acrita ...... 60 79, 90, 108, 130, 138, 139 Meloidogyne sp...... 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 22, 23, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, B 35, 36, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 71, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, Belonolaimus sp...... 10, 11, 12, 32, 84, 85, 88, 91, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 36, 41, 42, 46, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 67, 72, 83, 106, 107, 110, 113, 114, 116, 118, 121, 123, 85, 96, 98, 99, 100, 104, 106, 107, 113, 115, 124, 125, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 119, 120, 122, 132, 133 137, 139, 140, 141 Bursaphelenchus sp...... 92, 93, 94 Meloidogyne thamesi ...... 60 Bursaphelenchus xylophilus ...... 94 P C Paratrichodorus sp...... 31, 32, 33, 48, Criconemella sp...... 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 56, 60, 61, 68, 83, 96, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 15, 32, 33, 35, 36, 44, 46, 47, 49, 51, 57, 58, 60, 106, 122, 132, 133, 140, 141 61, 62, 63, 65, 71, 76, 78, 81, 82, 83, 88, 95, 96, Pratylenchus sp...... 31, 32, 35, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 107, 36, 47, 59, 60, 61, 62, 83, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 113, 116, 118, 121, 132, 134, 135, 139, 140, 141 106, 113, 114, 116, 132, 133, 140, 141

G R Gracilicus sp...... 97 Rotylenchulus reniformis ...... 47, 60, 83 Rotylenchulus sp...... 83 H Helicotylenchus sp...... 10, 11, 12, 15, S 18, 32, 33, 35, 36, 42, 47, 60, 61, 78, 83, 96, 98, Scutellonema sp...... 10, 12, 18, 32, 33, 99, 100, 104, 106, 131, 132, 133 35, 42, 47, 60, 62, 81, 82, 83, 132 Hemicycliophora sp...... 98, 99, 104 Hoplolaimus columbus ...... 32, 35, 36, 47, 58, 60, 61, 71, 83, 97, 99, 103, 104, 106, 130 T Hoplolaimus galeatus ...... 36, 96, 98, Trichodorus sp...... 33, 60, 98, 104 99, 104, 106, 107 Tylenchorhynchus sp...... 10, 12, 32, Hoplolaimus sp...... 35, 36, 60, 71, 46, 56, 60, 62, 66, 86, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 105, 83, 96, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 106, 107, 113, 132 113, 132

M X Meloidogyne arenaria ...... 60 Xiphinema sp...... 10, 12, 44, 57, 60, 72, 99, 104, 106, 112, 113, 114, 116, 118, 119, 121, 136, 140, 141

183 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC PHYTOPLASMAS

C Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris ...... 23

184 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC VIROIDS

P Pelamoviroid — Peach latent mosaic viroid ..... 117

185 INDEX TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC VIRUSES

A Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus ...... 97, Alfamovirus — Alfalfa mosaic virus ...... 28, 39, 100, 103, 105 68, 80 Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus - pav ...105 Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf virus - pav & B rpv ...... 97 Luteovirus — Potato leafroll virus ...... 133 Badnavirus — Canna yellow mottle virus ...... 37 Luteovirus — Raspberry leaf curl virus ...... 122 Bigeminivirus — Abutilon mosaic virus ...... 83 Luteovirus — Strawberry mild yellow edge Bromovirus — Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus .... 63 virus...... 113 Bymovirus — Oat mosaic virus ...... 97 Bymovirus — Soil-borne oat mosaic virus ...... 97 Bymovirus — Wheat spindle streak mosaic N virus...... 105 Nepovirus — Arabis mosaic virus ...... 79 Nepovirus — Cherry leaf roll virus ...... 43 C Nepovirus — Tobacco ringspot virus ...... 46, 48, 122, 127, 132 Capillovirus — Nandina stem pitting virus ...... 29 Nepovirus — Tomato ringspot virus ...... 48, 80, Carlavirus — Ligustrum necrotic ringspot 114, 117, 122 virus...... 88 Nucleorhabdovirus — Corn mosaic virus ...... 106 Cauliomvirus — Cauliflower mosaic virus ...... 33 Comovirus — Bean pod mottle virus ...... 62 Comovirus — Cowpea mosaic virus ...... 63 P Comovirus — Cowpea severe mosaic Potexvirus — Cymbidium mosaic virus ...... 90 virus...... 62, 63 Potexvirus — Hosta virus x ...... 79 Comovirus — Squash mosaic virus ...... 46, 47, 48 Potexvirus — Plantago asiatica mosaic virus ...... 29 Crinivirus — Blackberry yellow vein-associated Potyvirus — Bean mosaic virus ...... 62 virus...... 122 Potyvirus — Bean yellow mosaic virus ...... 61, Cucumovirus — Cucumber mosaic virus ...... 28, 62, 71 29, 46, 62, 63, 71, 80, 128, 130, 131, 132 Potyvirus — Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus ...... 63 Cucumovirus — Peanut stunt virus ...... 59, 62 Potyvirus — Iris fulva mosaic virus ...... 71 Cucumovirus — Tomato aspermy virus ...... 132 Potyvirus — Iris mosaic virus ...... 71 Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus ...... 103, E 104, 106 Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - a...... 103, Emaravirus — Rose rosette virus ...... 121 104 Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - b...... 104, F 106 Potyvirus — Maize dwarf mosaic virus - k ...... 106 Foveavirus — Asian prunus virus 1 ...... 117 Potyvirus — Papaya ringspot virus - w ...... 48 Furovirus — Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus ...... 97 Potyvirus — Peanut mottle virus ...... 59, 60 Furovirus — Wheat soil-borne mosaic virus ..... 105 Potyvirus — Potato virus y ...... 130, 132 Potyvirus — Soybean mosaic virus ...... 60 I Potyvirus — Sweet potato feathery mottle virus ...42 Potyvirus — Tobacco etch virus ...... 131, 132 Ilarvirus — Apple mosaic virus ...... 117, 121 Potyvirus — Tulip breaking virus ...... 80 Ilarvirus — Prunus necrotic ringspot virus ...... 117, Potyvirus — Turnip mosaic virus ...... 28, 31, 122 32, 33, 41 Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus...... 46, L 47, 48 Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 1...... 46, Luteovirus — Barley yellow dwarf mosaic 47, 48 virus...... 97, 100

186 Potyvirus — Watermelon mosaic virus 2...... 46, Tospovirus — Impatiens necrotic spot virus ...... 7, 47, 48 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 37, 42, 68, 69, 73, Potyvirus — Zucchini yellow mosaic virus...... 46, 74, 78, 79, 80, 89, 90, 91, 107, 109, 127, 129, 47, 48 130, 135, 138 Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus ...... 19, 21, S 22, 26, 27, 28, 37, 43, 54, 59, 68, 69, 70, 72, 78, 79, 89, 107, 129, 130, 131, 132, 135, 138 Satellivirus — Panicum mosaic virus ...... 99, 104 Tospovirus — Tomato spotted wilt virus - l ...... 59, Sobemovirus — Southern bean mosaic virus...... 62, 131, 132, 138 63 Trichovirus — Apple chlorotic leaf spot ...... 117

T V Tobamovirus — Odontoglossum ringspot virus .. 90 Varicosavirus — Camellia yellow mottle Tobamovirus — Tobacco mosaic virus ...... 90, 132 virus...... 134, 135 Tobravirus — Tobacco rattle virus ...... 67 W

Waikavirus — Maize chlorotic dwarf virus ...... 103, 106

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