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Pheromone-Based Disruption of Eucosma Sonomana and Rhyacionia Zozana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Using Aerially Applied Microencapsulated Pheromone1
361 Pheromone-based disruption of Eucosma sonomana and Rhyacionia zozana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) using aerially applied microencapsulated pheromone1 Nancy E. Gillette, John D. Stein, Donald R. Owen, Jeffrey N. Webster, and Sylvia R. Mori Abstract: Two aerial applications of microencapsulated pheromone were conducted on five 20.2 ha plots to disrupt western pine shoot borer (Eucosma sonomana Kearfott) and ponderosa pine tip moth (Rhyacionia zozana (Kearfott); Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) orientation to pheromones and oviposition in ponderosa pine plantations in 2002 and 2004. The first application was made at 29.6 g active ingredient (AI)/ha, and the second at 59.3 g AI/ha. Baited sentinel traps were used to assess disruption of orientation by both moth species toward pheromones, and E. sonomana infes- tation levels were tallied from 2001 to 2004. Treatments disrupted orientation by both species for several weeks, with the first lasting 35 days and the second for 75 days. Both applications reduced infestation by E. sonomana,but the lower application rate provided greater absolute reduction, perhaps because prior infestation levels were higher in 2002 than in 2004. Infestations in treated plots were reduced by two-thirds in both years, suggesting that while increas- ing the application rate may prolong disruption, it may not provide greater proportional efficacy in terms of tree pro- tection. The incidence of infestations even in plots with complete disruption suggests that treatments missed some early emerging females or that mated females immigrated into treated plots; thus operational testing should be timed earlier in the season and should comprise much larger plots. In both years, moths emerged earlier than reported pre- viously, indicating that disruption programs should account for warmer climates in timing of applications. -
Forest Tortricids Trapped Using Eucosma and Rhyacionia Synthetic Sex Attractants
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 39(1), 1985, 26-32 FOREST TORTRICIDS TRAPPED USING EUCOSMA AND RHYACIONIA SYNTHETIC SEX ATTRACTANTS R. E. STEVENS,I C. SARTWELL,2 T. W. KOERBER,3 J. A. POWELL,4 G. E. DATERMAN,2 AND L. L. SOWER2 ABSTRACT. Moths of 31 non-target species of Tortricidae (30 Olethreutinae, 1 Tor tricinae) were lured to synthetic Eucosma and Rhyacionia sex attractants deployed in pine forests throughout 12 states in the western U.S. Genera represented include Petrova, Barbara, Phaneta, Eucosma, Epiblema, Epinotia, Ancylis, Dichrorampha, Sereda, Grapholita, Cydia, and Decodes, as well as a new genus near Rhyacionia. In 1977 and 1978 we conducted an extensive trapping survey in pine forests in the western United States, using synthetic sex attractants. The primary objective was to learn more about geographical distribution and host relationships of Eucosma sonomana Kearfott and species of Rhyacionia. While the major results have been published (Sartwell et aI., 1980; Stevens et aI., 1980), a variety of other moths, largely ole threutines, also responded to the lures. These were saved and identified when their numbers indicated more than chance captures. Generally, a minimum of 4-6 similar moths at a trapping location was considered sufficient to indicate attraction was not incidental, although in some instances we recovered fewer. The catches reported here provide clues regarding pheromone chemistry of and possible taxonomic relation ships among certain species. The information may be useful for future studies on these and related species. It also provides range extensions for some of the species captured. METHODS Details of the methods, including trapping periods and precise trap locations for most collections, are presented in the previously cited works (Sartwell et aI., 1980; Stevens et aI., 1980). -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................ 1 Authors, Reviewers, Draft Log ........................................................................................ 3 Introduction to Reference ................................................................................................ 5 Introduction to Stone Fruit ............................................................................................. 10 Arthropods ................................................................................................................... 16 Primary Pests of Stone Fruit (Full Pest Datasheet) ....................................................... 16 Adoxophyes orana ................................................................................................. 16 Bactrocera zonata .................................................................................................. 27 Enarmonia formosana ............................................................................................ 39 Epiphyas postvittana .............................................................................................. 47 Grapholita funebrana ............................................................................................. 62 Leucoptera malifoliella ........................................................................................... 72 Lobesia botrana .................................................................................................... -
Southwestern Pine Tip Moth: Notes on Larval Descent Behavior
THE SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST 28(1):95-123 FEBRUARY 18, 1983 NOTES ADDITIONAL RECORDS OF BLACK-FOOTED FERRETS IN WYOMING.-Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) have been observed infrequently in Wyoming. Clark (Northwest Sci., 54:47-54, 1980) listed 148 black-footed ferret sight records in the state from 1851-1977, with 23 veri- fied by specimens. Twenty-one ferrets were reported from the eastern half of the state and two from northwestern (Park County) Wyoming. No specimens have been reported from southwestern counties. I acquired six additional specimens of this species while conducting statewide searches for black-footed ferrets on 245 white-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys leucurus) towns in 1978 and 1979. Three black-footed ferret skulls were found in south central Wyoming (Carbon County), 28-31 km NE Rawlins, and represent new records from within the reported range in Wyoming. Three addi- tional skulls (one from a 87-ha prairie dog town, 48 km south of Kemmerer, T16N, R118W, SW'4 Sec. 11; one from a 327-ha town, T16N, R118W, SEMSec. 12; and one from a 415-ha town, T16N, R117W, NW4 Sec. 7) constitute the only verified records of the black-footed ferret for southwestern (Uinta County) Wyoming. Repeated searches of locations where skulls were found plus adjacent towns in these areas, revealed no sign of present ferret occupation. Specimens were deposited in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Surveys Museum in Fort Collins, Colorado. I thank the Wyoming State Office of the Bureau of Land Management for funding and the many people who helped conduct these searches. -
SRS Authors Guide
Southern Research Station Authors Guide Revised 2015 Technical Publications Team Southern Research Station U.S. Forest Service 200 W.T. Weaver Boulevard Asheville, NC 28804 SRS Authors Guide Latest revision: April 2015 This guide is for authors and others preparing manuscripts for publication by SRS; it is supplied by: Technical Publications Team (TPT) Southern Research Station (SRS) U.S. Forest Service Asheville, NC The Authors Guide, as well as a one-page Authors Checklist, is available at the SRS intranet site: http://fsweb.srs.fs.fed.us/technical-publications/. All updates will be posted at this site. The current Manuscript Approval Sheet also is also available at the above site. Be sure to use the most recent version. New in this edition: • Resource Update (RU) is a new publication series for FIA State factsheets. • Authors Checklist has been updated. Disclaimer The procedures and guidelines included in the Southern Research Station Authors Guide are based on rules and regulations prescribed by the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; Government Publishing Office; and Congress. We welcome suggestions for clarification, additions, or other improvements. Contents—Page 3 Contents POLICY .............................................................. 4 TABLES, TABULATIONS, AND LISTS .......... 18 Manuscript Submission to Project Leader ......... 4 General Guidelines .......................................... 18 Authorship .......................................................... 4 Style Guidelines .............................................. -
WO 2017/205751 Al 30 November 2017 (30.11.2017) W !P O PCT
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/205751 Al 30 November 2017 (30.11.2017) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: WHEELER, Christopher; c/o Provivi, Inc., 1701 Col A01M 29/12 (201 1.01) C12N 15/82 (2006.01) orado Avenue, Santa Monica, California 90404 (US). A I 27/00 (2006.01) C12P 19/34 (2006.01) (74) Agent: VEITENHEIMER, Erich et al. ; Cooley LLP, 1299 (21) International Application Number: Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, Dis PCT/US20 17/034697 trict of Columbia 20004-2400 (US). (22) International Filing Date: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 26 May 2017 (26.05.2017) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, (25) Filing Language: English CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, (26) Publication Language: English DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, (30) Priority Data: KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, 62/342,807 27 May 2016 (27.05.2016) US MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, (71) Applicant: PROVIVI, INC. [US/US]; 1701 Colorado Av PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, enue, Santa Monica, California 90404 (US). -
A Field Guide to Diseases and Insect Pests of Northern and Central
2013 Reprint with Minor Revisions A FIELD GUIDE TO DISEASES & INSECT PESTS OF NORTHERN & CENTRAL ROCKY MOUNTAIN CONIFERS HAGLE GIBSON TUNNOCK United States Forest Service Department of Northern and Agriculture Intermountain Regions United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service State and Private Forestry Northern Region P.O. Box 7669 Missoula, Montana 59807 Intermountain Region 324 25th Street Ogden, UT 84401 http://www.fs.usda.gov/main/r4/forest-grasslandhealth Report No. R1-03-08 Cite as: Hagle, S.K.; Gibson, K.E.; and Tunnock, S. 2003. Field guide to diseases and insect pests of northern and central Rocky Mountain conifers. Report No. R1-03-08. (Reprinted in 2013 with minor revisions; B.A. Ferguson, Montana DNRC, ed.) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Northern and Intermountain Regions; Missoula, Montana, and Ogden, Utah. 197 p. Formated for online use by Brennan Ferguson, Montana DNRC. Cover Photographs Conk of the velvet-top fungus, cause of Schweinitzii root and butt rot. (Photographer, Susan K. Hagle) Larvae of Douglas-fir bark beetles in the cambium of the host. (Photographer, Kenneth E. Gibson) FIELD GUIDE TO DISEASES AND INSECT PESTS OF NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ROCKY MOUNTAIN CONIFERS Susan K. Hagle, Plant Pathologist (retired 2011) Kenneth E. Gibson, Entomologist (retired 2010) Scott Tunnock, Entomologist (retired 1987, deceased) 2003 This book (2003) is a revised and expanded edition of the Field Guide to Diseases and Insect Pests of Idaho and Montana Forests by Hagle, Tunnock, Gibson, and Gilligan; first published in 1987 and reprinted in its original form in 1990 as publication number R1-89-54. -
Response of Ponderosa Pine Stands to Pre-Commercial Thinning on Nez Perce and Spokane Tribal Forests in the Inland Northwest, USA
Response of Ponderosa Pine Stands to Pre-Commercial Thinning on Nez Perce and Spokane Tribal Forests in the Inland Northwest, USA Dennis E. Ferguson, John C. Byrne, William R. Wykoff, Brian Kummet, and Ted Hensold United States Department of Agriculture / Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Research Paper RMRS-RP-88 June 2011 Ferguson, Dennis E.; Byrne, John C.; Wykoff, William R.; Kummet, Brian; Hensold, Ted. 2011. Response of pon- derosa pine stands to pre-commercial thinning on Nez Perce and Spokane Tribal forests in the Inland Northwest, USA. Res. Pap. RMRS-RP-88. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 33 p. Abstract Stands of dense, natural ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa) regeneration were operationally, pre- commercially thinned at seven sites—four on Nez Perce Tribal lands in northern Idaho and three on Spokane Tribal lands in eastern Washington. Five spacing treatments were studied—control (no thinning), 5x5 ft, 7x7 ft, 10x10 ft, and 14x14 ft. Sample trees were measured pre- and post-thinning, 3 yrs after thinning, and 5 yrs after thinning, starting in 1997 (Nez Perce sites) and 1998 (Spokane sites). Models of diameter and height growth, change in crown ratio and height to crown base, and probability of western pine shoot borer (Eucosma sonomana Kearfott) infestation were developed. Little mortality occurred after thinning, and the trees that died had small crowns. Diameter growth for all of the spacings was significantly different, with widely spaced trees growing faster than narrowly spaced trees. Trees with larger initial diameters or crown ratios had faster post-thinning diameter growth. -
Lepidoptera (Moths and Butterflies) at Inverness Ridge in Central Coastal California and Their Recovery Following a Wildfire
LEPIDOPTERA (MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES) AT INVERNESS RIDGE IN CENTRAL COASTAL CALIFORNIA AND THEIR RECOVERY FOLLOWING A WILDFIRE J. A. Powell Essig Museum of Entomology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Abstract.— In numbers of species, Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) make up the largest group of plant-feeding animals in North America. Caterpillars of nearly all species feed on plants, and most of them are specialists on one or a few kinds of plants. Therefore they are liable to be severely affected by wildfires, and secondarily, their parasites and predators, including birds, bats, lizards, and rodents, suffer losses of a major food resource. In October 1995, a wildfire swept over part of The Point Reyes National Seashore, burning more than 12,300 acres (5,000 hectares) of public and private land, following a fire-free period of several decades. I tracked survival and recolonization by moths and butterflies during the subsequent five seasons. I made daytime searches for adults and caterpillars approximately monthly from March through October and collected blacklight trap samples, mostly in May and September-October. More than 650 species of Lepidoptera have been recorded in the Inverness Ridge area, and about 375 of them were recorded during the post-fire survey, including larvae of 31% of them. Plants in a Bishop pine forest higher on the ridge, where the fire was most intense, accumulated their caterpillar faunas slowly, while Lepidoptera feeding on plants typical of riparian woods in the lower canyons reestablished sooner and more completely. Recolonization varied markedly among different plant species, and the species richness gradually increased, in marked contrast to generalizations about effects of fire on arthropods derived from fire management of grasslands. -
1Fjrest PEST Cfjnljltlfjns in C'li1fjrni'·I'"
\\ ! , .i! ,:7 ~ ~ " I 1fJREST PEST CfJNlJlTlfJNS IN C'lI1fJRNI'·I'" A PUBLICATION OF THE CALIFORNIA FOREST PEST COUNCIL THE CALIFORNIA FOREST PEST COUNCIL (formerly the California Forest Pest Control Action Council) was founded in 1951. Its membership is open to public and private forest managers, foresters, silviculturists, entomologists, pathologists, zoologists, and others interested in the protection of forests from damage caused by animals, insects, diseases, and weeds. Its objective is to establish, maintain and improve communication among individuals -- managers, administrators and researchers -- who are concerned with these issues. This objective is accomplished by four actions: 1. Coordination of detection, reporting, and compilation of pest damage information. 2. Evaluation of pest conditions. 3. Pest control recommendations made to forest managing agencies and landowners. 4. Review of policy, legal, and research aspects of forest pest control, and submission of recommendations thereon to appropriate authorities. The California Board of Forestry recognizes the Council as an advisory body in forest pest protection. The Council is a participating member in the Western Forest Pest Committee of the Western Forestry and Conservation Association. This report, FOREST PEST CONDITIONS IN CALIFORNIA - 1988, is compiled for public and private forest land managers to keep them informed of pest conditions on forested land in California, and as an historical record of pest trends and occurrences. The report is based largely on information provided by the state-wide Cooperative Forest Pest Detection Survey, and from information generated by Forest Pest Management, Pacific Southwest Region, USDA Forest Service, while making formal detection surveys and biological evaluations. The report was prepared by the Forest Service in cooperation with other member organizations of the Council. -
Forest and Disease Conditions in Idaho
~lDAHO I~,. Forest Insect and 1981 Disease Conditions Idaho Department of Lands U4.FOREST .~ INSECT AND DISEASE CONDITIONS IN IDAHO 1981 by Robert L. James, Plant Pathologist Scott Tunnock, Entomologist USDA-Forest Service, Region 1 Missoula, Montana R. Ladd Livingston, Forest Entomologist John Schwandt, Forest Pathologist David Beckman, Insect and Disease Technician Idaho Department of Lands Coeur d'Alene, Idaho Ralph E. Williams, Field Representative Jerry A. E. Knopf, Entomologist USDA-Forest Service, Region 4 Boise, Idaho Report No. 82-1 January 1982 _~- _~_~~---_~~~_.-~_--_~~_-----------~ TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 1 CONDITIONS IN BRIEF. 1 INSECTS 2 BARK BEETLES Mountain Pine Beetle 2 Fir Engraver Beetle 4 Douglas-fir Beetle • 4 Pine Engraver Beetle • 5 Western Pine Beetle. 5 Spruce Beetle. 5 Western Balsam Bark Beetle 5 MAJOR DEFOLIATORS Western Spruce Budworm • 8 Douglas-fir Tussock Moth 10 Larch Casebearer . 10 A New Budworm. • . • • • • • • • 12 Gypsy Moth . • . • 12 CONE AND SEED INSECTS. 12 MISCELLANEOUS INSECTS. 13 DISEASES . • . 15 FOLIAGE DISEASES Frost Damage . • . • • • • • • 15 Larch Foliage Diseases . 16 Red Band Needle Blight • 16 Lophodermium Needle Cast • 16 Miscellaneous Foliage Diseases 16 ROOT DISEASES .. 18 DWARF MISTLETOES , . 20 WHITE PINE BLISTER RUST •. 20 STEM CANKERS Atropellis Canker. • . • • • • 22 Dasyscypha Canker. • • • • 22 Cytospora Canker • • • • • • 22 -i- TABLE OF CONTENTS, con. DECAYS • • • • • 22 NURSERY DISEASES Sirococcus Tip Blight. • 22 Pythium Root Disease 23 Grey Mold. • . • . • 23 LIST OF RECENT PUBLICATIONS. 24 DIRECTORY OF PERSONNEL 27 APPENDIX Key to trees killed in designated map areas. 28 Map showing areas infested with fir engraver beetle, western spruce budworm, and spruce beetle. -
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER in MATING DISRUPTION Proceedings
IOBC/WPRS Working Group "Use of Pheromones and Other Semiochemicals in Integrated Control" OILB/SROP Groupe de Travail "Utilisation des Pheromones et Autres Mediateurs Chimiques en Lutte lntegree" TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN MATING DISRUPTION Proceedings liVorking Group Meeting Montpellier (France) 9-1 O September 1996 Edited by Peter Witzgall & Heinrich Arn IOBC wprs Bulletin Bulletin OtLB srop Vol. 20 (1) 1997 The IOBC/WPRS Bulletinis published by the International Organizationfor Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, West PalaearcticRegional Section (IOBC/WPRS) Le Bulletin OILB/SROP est publie par !'Organisation lnternationalede LutteBiologique et tntegree contre les Animaux et les Plantes Nuisibles, sectionRegionale Ouest Patearctique (OILB/SROP) Copyright IOBC/WPRS 1997 Address General Secretariat: INRA Station de Zoologie Domaine Saint-Paul Site Agroparc 84914 AVIGNON Cedex 9 France ISBN 92-9067-086-x Preface Insects use sex pheromones to communicate for mating. Pheromones elicit strong behav ioural reactions at minute amounts, they are species-specific and non-toxic. By permeating the atmosphere with synthetic pheromones, olfactory communication and m(lte-finding can be prevented. The mating disruption technique had a head start. Soon after the discovery of the first lepi dopteran sex pheromone in the late fifties, it was postulated that it should be possible to use synthetic pheromones for environmentally safe insect control - although virtually nothing was known about the chemistry and biology of pheromones at that time. Research techniques considered essential today, such as gas chromatography, electrophysiology or wind tunnel bioassays, were not available. The sex pheromones of economically important species and their behavioural effects had yet to be identified; synthesis, purification, and controlled re lease techniques had to be developed before practical applications came into reach.