DOCSLIB.ORG

TAXONOMIE, EKOLOGIE a VÝZNAM ČELEDI ENTEROCOCCACEAE Bakalářská Práce Lucie Zátopková

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TAXONOMIE, EKOLOGIE a VÝZNAM ČELEDI ENTEROCOCCACEAE Bakalářská Práce Lucie Zátopková MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV EXPERIMENTÁLNÍ BIOLOGIE TAXONOMIE, EKOLOGIE A VÝZNAM ČELEDI ENTEROCOCCACEAE Bakalářská práce Lucie Zátopková Vedoucí práce: RNDr. Pavel Švec, Ph.D. Brno 2012 Bibliografický záznam Autor: Lucie Zátopková Přírodovědecká fakulta, Masarykova univerzita Ústav experimentální biologie Oddělení mikrobiologie Název práce: Taxonomie, ekologie a význam čeledi Enterococcaceae Studijní program: Biologie Studijní obor: Obecná biologie – zaměření Mikrobiologie Vedoucí práce: RNDr. Pavel Švec, Ph.D. Akademický rok: 2011/2012 Počet stran: 53 Klíčová slova: taxonomie, čeleď Enterococcaceae, Enterococcus, Melissococcus, Tetragenococcus, Vagococcus, Catellicoccus, Pilibacter Bibliographic Entry Author: Lucie Zátopková Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Department of experimental biology Department of microbiology Taxonomy, ecology and significance of the family Title of Thesis: Enterococcaceae Degree programme: Biology Field of Study: General biology – specialization Microbiology Supervisor: RNDr. Pavel Švec, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2011/2012 Number of Pages: 53 Keyword: taxonomy, family Enterococcaceae, Enterococcus, Melissococcus, Tetragenococcus, Vagococcus, Catellicoccus, Pilibacter Abstrakt Čeleď Enterococcaceae byla v roce 2009 navrţena pro fylogenticky blízce příbuzné rody Enterococcus, Melissococcus, Tetragenococcus a Vagococcus. Rody Catellicoccus a Pilibacter, které byly popsány v pozdějších letech, se do této čeledě zahrnují na základě podobnosti sekvence genu pro 16S rRNA. Zástupci zmíněných rodů se vyskytují převáţně u ţivočichů včetně člověka, ale také na rostlinách, v prostředí a v potravinách. Některé druhy hrají důleţitou roli v humánní klinické mikrobiologii. Abstract The family Enterococcaceae was designed for the phylogenetically closely related genera Enterococcus, Melissococcus, Tetragenococcus and Vagococcus in 2009. Genera Catellicoccus and Pilibacter, which were described in later years, are included in this family on the basis of sequence similarity of 16S rRNA gene. Representatives of these genera are found mostly in animals including humans, but also on plants, in the environment and in food. Some species are playing an important role in human clinical microbiology. Poděkování Za odborné vedení, cenné rady, ochotu a čas, který mi věnoval, bych ráda poděkovala RNDr. Pavlu Švecovi, Ph.D, pod jehoţ vedením jsem svou bakalářskou práci vypracovala na půdě České sbírky mikroorganismů. Prohlášení Prohlašuji, ţe jsem svoji bakalářskou práci vypracovala samostatně s vyuţitím informačních zdrojů, které jsou v práci citovány. Brno 11. května 2012 ……………………………… Lucie Zátopková Obsah 1. Úvod ............................................................................................................................... 10 2. Cíl práce .......................................................................................................................... 10 3. Taxonomie a charakteristika čeledě Enterococcaceae ................................................... 11 3.1. Taxonomie ........................................................................................................ 11 3.2. Charakteristika .................................................................................................. 13 4. Rody čeledě Enterococcaceae ........................................................................................ 14 4.1. Rod Enterococcus ............................................................................................. 14 4.1.1. Historie ....................................................................................................... 14 4.1.2. Fenotypové vlastnosti ................................................................................. 14 4.1.3. Metabolismus .............................................................................................. 16 4.1.4. Genom ........................................................................................................ 16 4.2. Rod Melissococcus ........................................................................................... 17 4.2.1. Historie ....................................................................................................... 17 4.2.2. Fenotypové vlastnosti ................................................................................. 17 4.2.3. Metabolismus .............................................................................................. 18 4.2.4. Genom ........................................................................................................ 19 4.3. Rod Tetragenococcus ....................................................................................... 19 4.3.1. Historie ....................................................................................................... 19 4.3.2. Fenotypové vlastnosti ................................................................................. 19 4.3.3. Metabolismus .............................................................................................. 20 4.3.4. Genom ........................................................................................................ 20 4.4. Rod Vagococcus ............................................................................................... 21 4.4.1. Historie ....................................................................................................... 21 4.4.2. Fenotypové vlastnosti ................................................................................. 21 4.4.3. Metabolismus .............................................................................................. 22 4.4.4. Genom ........................................................................................................ 22 4.5. Rod Catellicoccus ............................................................................................. 22 4.5.1. Historie ....................................................................................................... 22 4.5.2. Fenotypové vlastnosti ................................................................................. 22 4.5.3. Metabolismus .............................................................................................. 23 4.5.4. Genom ........................................................................................................ 23 7 4.6. Rod Pilibacter ................................................................................................... 23 4.6.1. Historie ....................................................................................................... 23 4.6.2. Fenotypové vlastnosti ................................................................................. 24 4.6.3. Metabolismus .............................................................................................. 24 4.6.4. Genom ........................................................................................................ 25 5. Ekologie a výskyt ........................................................................................................... 26 5.1. Rod Enterococcus ............................................................................................. 26 5.1.1. Enterokoky u ţivočichů .............................................................................. 26 5.1.2. Enterokoky u člověka ................................................................................. 27 5.1.3. Enterokoky na rostlinách ............................................................................ 27 5.1.4. Enterokoky v půdě ...................................................................................... 27 5.1.5. Enterokoky ve vodách ................................................................................ 28 5.1.6. Enterokoky v potravinách ........................................................................... 28 5.1.7. Dělení enterokoků ....................................................................................... 28 5.2. Rod Melissococcus ........................................................................................... 29 5.3. Rod Tetragenococcus ....................................................................................... 30 5.4. Rod Vagococcus ............................................................................................... 31 5.5. Rod Catellicoccus ............................................................................................. 32 5.6. Rod Pilibacter ................................................................................................... 32 6. Význam ........................................................................................................................... 32 6.1. Klinický význam ............................................................................................... 33 6.1.1. Onemocnění ................................................................................................ 33 6.1.2. Faktory virulence ........................................................................................ 34 6.1.3. Rezistence k antibiotikům........................................................................... 34 6.2. Potravinářství .................................................................................................... 35 6.3. Probiotika .......................................................................................................... 36 7. Izolace a identifikace .....................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Taxonomic Note on the Genus Lactobacillus
    Taxonomic Description template 1 A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: 2 Description of 23 novel genera, emended description 3 of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union 4 of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae 5 Jinshui Zheng1, $, Stijn Wittouck2, $, Elisa Salvetti3, $, Charles M.A.P. Franz4, Hugh M.B. Harris5, Paola 6 Mattarelli6, Paul W. O’Toole5, Bruno Pot7, Peter Vandamme8, Jens Walter9, 10, Koichi Watanabe11, 12, 7 Sander Wuyts2, Giovanna E. Felis3, #*, Michael G. Gänzle9, 13#*, Sarah Lebeer2 # 8 '© [Jinshui Zheng, Stijn Wittouck, Elisa Salvetti, Charles M.A.P. Franz, Hugh M.B. Harris, Paola 9 Mattarelli, Paul W. O’Toole, Bruno Pot, Peter Vandamme, Jens Walter, Koichi Watanabe, Sander 10 Wuyts, Giovanna E. Felis, Michael G. Gänzle, Sarah Lebeer]. 11 The definitive peer reviewed, edited version of this article is published in International Journal of 12 Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004107 13 1Huazhong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Key 14 Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. 15 2Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience 16 Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 17 3 Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy 18 4 Max Rubner‐Institut, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kiel, Germany 19 5 School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland 20 6 University of Bologna, Dept. of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Bologna, Italy 21 7 Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Vrije Universiteit 22 Brussel, Brussels, Belgium 23 8 Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, 24 Belgium 25 9 Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 26 10 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 27 11 National Taiwan University, Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacteria Richness and Antibiotic-Resistance in Bats from a Protected Area in the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Bacteria richness and antibiotic-resistance in bats from a protected area in the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil VinõÂcius C. ClaÂudio1,2,3*, Irys Gonzalez2, Gedimar Barbosa1,2, Vlamir Rocha4, Ricardo Moratelli5, FabrõÂcio Rassy2 1 Centro de Ciências BioloÂgicas e da SauÂde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil, 2 FundacËão Parque ZooloÂgico de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 3 Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, 4 Centro de Ciências AgraÂrias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, Brazil, 5 Fiocruz Mata AtlaÃntica, FundacËão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, a1111111111 Brazil a1111111111 [email protected] a1111111111 * a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Bats play key ecological roles, also hosting many zoonotic pathogens. Neotropical bat microbiota is still poorly known. We speculate that their dietary habits strongly influence OPEN ACCESS their microbiota richness and antibiotic-resistance patterns, which represent growing and Citation: ClaÂudio VC, Gonzalez I, Barbosa G, Rocha serious public health and environmental issue. Here we describe the aerobic microbiota V, Moratelli R, Rassy F (2018) Bacteria richness richness of bats from an Atlantic Forest remnant in Southeastern Brazil, and the antibiotic- and antibiotic-resistance in bats from a protected area in the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil. resistance patterns of bacteria of clinical importance. Oral and rectal cavities of 113 bats PLoS ONE 13(9): e0203411. https://doi.org/ from Carlos Botelho State Park were swabbed. Samples were plated on 5% sheep blood 10.1371/journal.pone.0203411 and MacConkey agar and identified by the MALDI-TOF technique.
    [Show full text]
  • Data of Read Analyses for All 20 Fecal Samples of the Egyptian Mongoose
    Supplementary Table S1 – Data of read analyses for all 20 fecal samples of the Egyptian mongoose Number of Good's No-target Chimeric reads ID at ID Total reads Low-quality amplicons Min length Average length Max length Valid reads coverage of amplicons amplicons the species library (%) level 383 2083 33 0 281 1302 1407.0 1442 1769 1722 99.72 466 2373 50 1 212 1310 1409.2 1478 2110 1882 99.53 467 1856 53 3 187 1308 1404.2 1453 1613 1555 99.19 516 2397 36 0 147 1316 1412.2 1476 2214 2161 99.10 460 2657 297 0 246 1302 1416.4 1485 2114 1169 98.77 463 2023 34 0 189 1339 1411.4 1561 1800 1677 99.44 471 2290 41 0 359 1325 1430.1 1490 1890 1833 97.57 502 2565 31 0 227 1315 1411.4 1481 2307 2240 99.31 509 2664 62 0 325 1316 1414.5 1463 2277 2073 99.56 674 2130 34 0 197 1311 1436.3 1463 1899 1095 99.21 396 2246 38 0 106 1332 1407.0 1462 2102 1953 99.05 399 2317 45 1 47 1323 1420.0 1465 2224 2120 98.65 462 2349 47 0 394 1312 1417.5 1478 1908 1794 99.27 501 2246 22 0 253 1328 1442.9 1491 1971 1949 99.04 519 2062 51 0 297 1323 1414.5 1534 1714 1632 99.71 636 2402 35 0 100 1313 1409.7 1478 2267 2206 99.07 388 2454 78 1 78 1326 1406.6 1464 2297 1929 99.26 504 2312 29 0 284 1335 1409.3 1446 1999 1945 99.60 505 2702 45 0 48 1331 1415.2 1475 2609 2497 99.46 508 2380 30 1 210 1329 1436.5 1478 2139 2133 99.02 1 Supplementary Table S2 – PERMANOVA test results of the microbial community of Egyptian mongoose comparison between female and male and between non-adult and adult.
    [Show full text]
  • ( 12 ) United States Patent
    US009956282B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 ,956 , 282 B2 Cook et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: May 1 , 2018 ( 54 ) BACTERIAL COMPOSITIONS AND (58 ) Field of Classification Search METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR None TREATMENT OF IMMUNE SYSTEM See application file for complete search history . DISORDERS ( 56 ) References Cited (71 ) Applicant : Seres Therapeutics , Inc. , Cambridge , U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS MA (US ) 3 ,009 , 864 A 11 / 1961 Gordon - Aldterton et al . 3 , 228 , 838 A 1 / 1966 Rinfret (72 ) Inventors : David N . Cook , Brooklyn , NY (US ) ; 3 ,608 ,030 A 11/ 1971 Grant David Arthur Berry , Brookline, MA 4 ,077 , 227 A 3 / 1978 Larson 4 ,205 , 132 A 5 / 1980 Sandine (US ) ; Geoffrey von Maltzahn , Boston , 4 ,655 , 047 A 4 / 1987 Temple MA (US ) ; Matthew R . Henn , 4 ,689 ,226 A 8 / 1987 Nurmi Somerville , MA (US ) ; Han Zhang , 4 ,839 , 281 A 6 / 1989 Gorbach et al. Oakton , VA (US ); Brian Goodman , 5 , 196 , 205 A 3 / 1993 Borody 5 , 425 , 951 A 6 / 1995 Goodrich Boston , MA (US ) 5 ,436 , 002 A 7 / 1995 Payne 5 ,443 , 826 A 8 / 1995 Borody ( 73 ) Assignee : Seres Therapeutics , Inc. , Cambridge , 5 ,599 ,795 A 2 / 1997 McCann 5 . 648 , 206 A 7 / 1997 Goodrich MA (US ) 5 , 951 , 977 A 9 / 1999 Nisbet et al. 5 , 965 , 128 A 10 / 1999 Doyle et al. ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this 6 ,589 , 771 B1 7 /2003 Marshall patent is extended or adjusted under 35 6 , 645 , 530 B1 . 11 /2003 Borody U .
    [Show full text]
  • Development and Role of the Indigenous Gut Microbiota Of
    Development and role of the indigenous gut microbiota of Spodoptera littoralis Dissertation To Fulfill the Requirements for the Degree of ,,doctor rerum naturalium“ (Dr. rer. nat.) Submitted to the Council of the Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena by Beng-Soon Teh (M.Sc) born on 12.02.1985 in Penang, Malaysia Gutachter: 1. …. 2. …. 3. …. Tag der öffentlichen Verteidigung: Fluorescent GFP-tagged Enterococcus mundtii TABLE of CONTENTS Abbreviations and symbols 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Host-microbiota symbiosis interactions ........................................................... 1 1.1.1 Insect-bacteria symbiosis interactions ........................................................ 2 1.2 Physiological conditions and stresses in the gut environment of insects ......... 3 1.3 Contributions of the gut microbiome ................................................................ 5 1.4 Diversity of the gut microbiota in insects ......................................................... 6 1.5 Model organism: Spodoptera littoralis ............................................................. 9 1.6 The physiology of lactic acid bacteria ............................................................ 10 1.6.1 General characteristics of enterococci ...................................................... 11 1.7 Colonization of enterococci in insects ............................................................ 14
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Composition of Culturable Bacteria Community in the Gut of the Formosan Subterranean Termite Depending on Rearing Conditions of the Host
    ARTHROPOD BIOLOGY Changes in Composition of Culturable Bacteria Community in the Gut of the Formosan Subterranean Termite Depending on Rearing Conditions of the Host 1 2 3 C. HUSSENEDER, J. M. BERESTECKY, AND J. K. GRACE Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 102(3): 498Ð507 (2009) Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/aesa/article/102/3/498/8634 by guest on 23 September 2021 ABSTRACT The hindgut of feeding termites that feed on wood and litter contains a diverse population of bacteria and protists that contribute to the carbon, nitrogen, and energy requirements of the termite. For understanding the ecological balance in the termite gut, detailed knowledge about the composition of the microbial gut ßora is imperative, i.e., the numbers and relative proportions of the microbial taxa and the variability in the microbial composition among different termite colonies and living conditions of termites should be described. Therefore, we isolated and enumerated eight bacterial morphotypes from the gut of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Five morphotypes (three isolates of lactic acid bacteria, isolates of the family Enterobacte- riaceae and isolates belonging to the genus Dysgonomonas) were found frequently in all termite colonies. Three additional morphotypes were found sporadically and were considered to be transient ßora. We compared the proportions of the three lactic acid bacteria isolates and the Enterobacte- riaceae among three different termite colonies. Furthermore, we investigated the shift in proportions of these four major morphotypes depending on whether bacteria were isolated from freshly collected termites or from termites reared in the laboratory under seminatural conditions (in arenas on wood) or artiÞcial conditions (in petri dishes on Þlter paper).
    [Show full text]
  • Insights Into 6S RNA in Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) Pablo Gabriel Cataldo1,Paulklemm2, Marietta Thüring2, Lucila Saavedra1, Elvira Maria Hebert1, Roland K
    Cataldo et al. BMC Genomic Data (2021) 22:29 BMC Genomic Data https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-021-00983-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Insights into 6S RNA in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Pablo Gabriel Cataldo1,PaulKlemm2, Marietta Thüring2, Lucila Saavedra1, Elvira Maria Hebert1, Roland K. Hartmann2 and Marcus Lechner2,3* Abstract Background: 6S RNA is a regulator of cellular transcription that tunes the metabolism of cells. This small non-coding RNA is found in nearly all bacteria and among the most abundant transcripts. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) constitute a group of microorganisms with strong biotechnological relevance, often exploited as starter cultures for industrial products through fermentation. Some strains are used as probiotics while others represent potential pathogens. Occasional reports of 6S RNA within this group already indicate striking metabolic implications. A conceivable idea is that LAB with 6S RNA defects may metabolize nutrients faster, as inferred from studies of Echerichia coli.Thismay accelerate fermentation processes with the potential to reduce production costs. Similarly, elevated levels of secondary metabolites might be produced. Evidence for this possibility comes from preliminary findings regarding the production of surfactin in Bacillus subtilis, which has functions similar to those of bacteriocins. The prerequisite for its potential biotechnological utility is a general characterization of 6S RNA in LAB. Results: We provide a genomic annotation of 6S RNA throughout the Lactobacillales order. It laid the foundation for a bioinformatic characterization of common 6S RNA features. This covers secondary structures, synteny, phylogeny, and product RNA start sites. The canonical 6S RNA structure is formed by a central bulge flanked by helical arms and a template site for product RNA synthesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Type of the Paper (Article
    Supplementary Materials S1 Clinical details recorded, Sampling, DNA Extraction of Microbial DNA, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Bioinformatic pipeline, Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Clinical details recorded In addition to the microbial specimen, the following clinical features were also recorded for each patient: age, gender, infection type (primary or secondary, meaning initial or revision treatment), pain, tenderness to percussion, sinus tract and size of the periapical radiolucency, to determine the correlation between these features and microbial findings (Table 1). Prevalence of all clinical signs and symptoms (except periapical lesion size) were recorded on a binary scale [0 = absent, 1 = present], while the size of the radiolucency was measured in millimetres by two endodontic specialists on two- dimensional periapical radiographs (Planmeca Romexis, Coventry, UK). Sampling After anaesthesia, the tooth to be treated was isolated with a rubber dam (UnoDent, Essex, UK), and field decontamination was carried out before and after access opening, according to an established protocol, and shown to eliminate contaminating DNA (Data not shown). An access cavity was cut with a sterile bur under sterile saline irrigation (0.9% NaCl, Mölnlycke Health Care, Göteborg, Sweden), with contamination control samples taken. Root canal patency was assessed with a sterile K-file (Dentsply-Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland). For non-culture-based analysis, clinical samples were collected by inserting two paper points size 15 (Dentsply Sirona, USA) into the root canal. Each paper point was retained in the canal for 1 min with careful agitation, then was transferred to −80ºC storage immediately before further analysis. Cases of secondary endodontic treatment were sampled using the same protocol, with the exception that specimens were collected after removal of the coronal gutta-percha with Gates Glidden drills (Dentsply-Sirona, Switzerland).
    [Show full text]
  • Recherche De Bactéries Lactiques Autochtones Capables De Mener La Fermentation De Fruits Tropicaux Avec Une Augmentation De L’Activité Antioxydante
    THÈSE Pour l’obtention du titre de Docteur de l’Université de La Réunion Spécialité : Agroalimentaire, Biotechnologies alimentaires et Sciences des aliments Recherche de bactéries lactiques autochtones capables de mener la fermentation de fruits tropicaux avec une augmentation de l’activité antioxydante Par Amandine FESSARD Soutenue publiquement le 27 Novembre 2017 Composition du jury : Dr. M-C CHAMPOMIER-VERGES Directrice de recherche, INRA Rapporteur Pr. Emmanuel COTON Professeur, Université de Bretagne Rapporteur Dr. Christine ROBERT DA SILVA Maître de conférences, Université de la Réunion Examinatrice Pr. Theeshan BAHORUN Professeur, Université de Maurice Examinateur Pr. Fabienne REMIZE Professeur, Université de la Réunion Directrice Pr Emmanuel BOURDON Professeur, Université de la Réunion Co-directeur A Fabrice et à ma famille… Remerciements Ces travaux de thèse ont été réalisés au sein de l’UMR QUALISUD (UMR C-95, Université de La Réunion, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse), dirigé par Monsieur Dominique PALLET et ont été financés par la Région Réunion et les fonds Européens (FEDER). Je tiens à adresser à la Région Réunion mes plus sincères remerciements pour l’obtention de cette allocation de recherche et de m’avoir permis de réaliser ce travail pendant trois ans. A Monsieur Dominique PALLET, Je vous remercie de m’avoir accueilli au sein de votre UMR QUALISUD et de m’avoir donné un avis favorable pour mon recrutement en tant qu’ATER. A Madame Fabienne REMIZE, Fabienne, je te remercie du fond du cœur d’avoir excellement dirigé ces travaux de thèse, de m’avoir enseigné tout ce que tu sais sur les bactéries lactiques et la fermentation pendant presque 4 ans.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential Use of Molecular and Structural Characterization of the Gut
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Potential use of molecular and structural characterization of the gut bacterial community for postmortem interval estimation in Sprague Dawley rats Huan Li1, Siruo Zhang1, Ruina Liu2, Lu Yuan1, Di Wu2, E. Yang1, Han Yang3, Shakir Ullah1, Hafz Muhammad Ishaq4, Hailong Liu5, Zhenyuan Wang2* & Jiru Xu1* Once the body dies, the indigenous microbes of the host begin to break down the body from the inside and play a key role thereafter. This study aimed to investigate the probable shift in the composition of the rectal microbiota at diferent time intervals up to 15 days after death and to explore bacterial taxa important for estimating the time since death. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes showed major shifts when checked at 11 diferent intervals and emerged at most of the postmortem intervals. At the species level, Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus mirabilis showed a downward and upward trend, respectively, after day 5 postmortem. The phylum-, family-, genus-, and species-taxon richness decreased initially and then increased considerably. The turning point occurred on day 9, when the genus, rather than the phylum, family, or species, provided the most information for estimating the time since death. We constructed a prediction model using genus-level data from high-throughput sequencing, and seven bacterial taxa, namely, Enterococcus, Proteus, Lactobacillus, unidentifed Clostridiales, Vagococcus, unidentifed Corynebacteriaceae, and unidentifed Enterobacteriaceae, were included in this model. The abovementioned bacteria showed potential for estimating the shortest time since death. In forensic autopsies, the time since death refers to the time that has passed since the actual death.
    [Show full text]
  • M a Y 2 1 - 2 4
    M A Y 2 1 - 2 4 EMBASSY SUITES HOTEL RALEIGH - D U R H A M • N C Table of Contents National Conference on Urban Entomology May 21-24, 2006 Embassy Suites Hotel Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina DISTINGUISHED ACHIEVEMENT AWARD IN URBAN ENTOMOLOGY ................... 10 ARNOLD MALLIS MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURE: THE GERMAN COCKROACH: RE-EMERGENCE OF AN OLD FOE…THAT NEVER DEPARTED Coby Schal, North Carolina State University................................................................. 10 STUDENT SCHOLARSHIP AWARD PRESENTATIONS ............................................ 11 SOYBEAN OIL CONSUMPTION IN RED IMPORTED FIRE ANTS, SOLENOPSIS INVICTA BUREN (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) Rebecca L. Baillif, Dr. Linda Hooper-Bùi, and Dr. Beverly A. Wiltz, Louisiana State University ...................................................................................................................... 11 THE RESPONSE OF THE FORMOSAN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE TO DIFFERENT BORATE SALTS Margaret C. Gentz and J. Kenneth Grace, University of Hawai`i at Manoa .................. 11 THE MECHANISM AND FACTORS AFFECTING HORIZONTAL TRANSFER OF FIPRONIL AMONG WESTERN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES Raj K. Saran and Michael K. Rust, University of California Riverside ........................... 12 STUDENT PAPER COMPETITION .............................................................................. 16 COMPARATIVE PROTEOMICS BETWEEN WORKER AND SOLDIER CASTES OF RETICULITERMES FLAVIPES (ISOPTERA: RHINOTERMITIDAE) C. Jerry Bowen, Robin D. Madden, Brad Kard, and Jack W. Dillwith, Oklahoma State
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationship of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria According to 16S Rrna Genes
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2015, Article ID 201379, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/201379 Research Article Phylogenetic Relationship of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria according to 16S rRNA Genes Mohammad Bagher Javadi Nobandegani, Halimi Mohd Saud, and Wong Mui Yun Institute Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Correspondence should be addressed to Mohammad Bagher Javadi Nobandegani; [email protected] Received 30 June 2014; Revised 2 September 2014; Accepted 10 September 2014 Academic Editor: Qaisar Mahmood Copyright © 2015 Mohammad Bagher Javadi Nobandegani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can convert insoluble form of phosphorous to an available form. Applications of PSB as inoculants increase the phosphorus uptake by plant in the field. In this study, isolation and precise identification of PSB were carried out in Malaysian (Serdang) oil palm field (University Putra Malaysia). Identification and phylogenetic analysis of 8 better isolates were carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in which as a result five isolates belong to the Beta subdivision of Proteobacteria, one isolate was related to the Gama subdivision of Proteobacteria, and two isolates were related to the Firmicutes. Bacterial isolates of 6upmr, 2upmr, 19upmnr, 10upmr, and 24upmr were identified as Alcaligenes faecalis. Also, bacterial isolates of 20upmnr and 17upmnr were identified as Bacillus cereus and Vagococcus carniphilus, respectively, and bacterial isolates of 31upmr were identified as Serratia plymuthica. Molecular identification and characterization of oil palm strains as the specific phosphate solubilizer can reduce the time and cost of producing effective inoculate (biofertilizer) in an oil palm field.
    [Show full text]