GRAMMAR UNIT 3: PHRASES Lesson #1 What is a phrase? •A group of words that act as one part of speech. •It does not contain both a subject and a predicate •You already know two types of phrases… VERB PHRASE & INFINITIVE PHRASE VERB PHRASES What two parts make up a verb phrase?

Verb Phrase = helping verb + main verb

Forms of Be am been was are being were be is Forms of had has have Have Forms of Do do does did can might should Modals could must will may shall would Important Ideas:

•Verb phrases always have two verbs but sometimes more! • Example: The puppy could have played with her owner. HV HV AV •Verb phrases are often found in questions: • Example: Do you read the Sunday comics? HV AV •Verb phrases create some tenses… Which verb tenses use a verb phrase?

• Future • Woodstock will fly • Future Perfect • Woodstock will have flown • Present Perfect • Woodstock has flown • Past Perfect • Woodstock had flown If a phrase acts as ONE part of speech, what part of speech does a VERB PHRASE act as? •a VERB •Can you explain why using the following sentence? I will sleep on the bus ride home from Vermont. •Explanation: In this sentence, the verb tense is FUTURE. In order to make the future tense, you need a verb phrase as the predicate of the sentence. A predicate is always a verb or verb phrase. INFINITIVE PHRASES What two parts make up an infinitive phrase?

• An infinitive begins with “to” followed by the simple form of the verb like this: “to” + verb = infinitive • examples: • to sneeze • to smash • to cry • to shriek • to jump • to read • to eat • to be If a phrase acts as ONE part of speech, what part of speech could an INFINITIVE PHRASE act as?

1. Noun 2. Adjective 3. Adverb

•Example: To snore loudly is annoying. •Explanation: In this sentence, the subject is an infinitive; therefore, the infinitive phrase is a NOUN because subjects are always a noun or a pronoun. Application

•Write TWO sentences about this image. •One sentence needs to contain a verb phrase in the past perfect tense. •One sentence needs to contain an infinitive phrase. •Underline your phrases. More Practice - Answers Key: Infinitive Phrase / Verb Phrase

1. I was happy to give you a ride home. 2. To move to a larger house would be unwise for us now. 3. Philip was frightened to be alone in the old house. 4. Evan is trying to practice the piano an hour a day. 5. To be a doctor is Amber's ambition. 6. They plan to go to Maine this summer. 7. Sera tried to paint the ceiling of her room. 8. The lecturer was asked to speak. 9. To play tennis every day is Marc’s goal for the summer. 10. SMARTY PANTS: Would you like to warn me if anyone comes?