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JOHN KAFKA COLLECTION, 1901-1995 and undated 1995.A.0102
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place SW Washington, DC 20024-2126 Tel. (202) 479-9717 e-mail: [email protected]
Descriptive summary
Title: John Kafka collection
Dates: 1901-1995 and undated
Accession number: 1995.A.0102
Creator: Kafka, John
Extent: 2.5 linear feet (2 boxes and 2 oversize folders)
Repository: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives, 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place SW, Washington, DC 20024-2126
Abstract: The John Kafka collection mainly consists of correspondence, printed material, and articles relating to Dr. John S. Kafka and Gertrude Kren’s (née Bloch) refutation of Rudolph Binion's (1927-2011) psychoanalytic theories on the origins of the Holocaust and correspondence related to the return of postcards and other items written by Adolf Hitler to Dr. Eduard Bloch. The collection also includes biographical material and articles written by Eduard Bloch as well as biographical material, photographs, and family research relating to the Bloch and Kafka families.
Languages: German, English, French
Administrative Information
Access: Collection is open for use, but is stored offsite. Please contact the Reference Desk more than seven days prior to visit in order to request access.
Reproduction and use: Collection is available for use. Material may be protected by copyright. Please contact reference staff for further information.
Preferred citation: (Identification of item), John Kafka collection (1995.A.0102), United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives, Washington, DC.
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Acquisition information: The John Kafka collection was donated by John Kafka to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1994 and 1998.
Accruals: Accruals may have been received since this collection was first processed, see archives catalog at collections.ushmm.org for further information. Processing history: Morgan Voth, October 2019
Biographical note John Kafka (born Hans in 1921) was born to Egon Kafka (?-1927) and Klara Braunschweig Woltar (born in Switzerland). Klara married Paul Woltar in 1910. Shortly after the birth of their daughter, Grete (b. 1913) Paul died. In 1919 Klara married Egon Kafka and moved to Linz, Austria. Egon passed away in 1927. In the mid-1930s John was sent to a boarding school in France on the advice of his uncle, who felt that Austria had become unsafe for Jews. After two years John moved in with his Aunt Bertha Braunschweig in Strasbourg. Klara joined her son in 1938. After the German invasion of France in 1940, Klara and John moved to central France before immigrating to the United States in March 1941. John was Eduard Bloch’s nephew. Eduard helped raise John after his father’s death in 1927.
Dr. Eduard Bloch (1872-1945) was a Jewish medical doctor who practiced in Linz, Austria in the late 1800s to early 1900s. Eduard was born in Frauenberg (currently Hluboká nad Vltavou, Czech Republic) and had three sisters and one brother. He married Emilie Kafka (Emliy, 1875-1961, born Linz) in 1902 and they had a daughter, Gertrude Bloch (Trude, later Kren, 1903-1992, born in Austria). Eduard studied medicine in Prague and served as a medical officer in the Austrian Army. After his discharge in 1901, he opened a private practice in Linz. His patients included Adolf Hitler and his mother, Klara Hitler (1860- 1907). Eduard treated Klara for breast cancer that eventually claimed her life and he served as the Hitler family doctor until 1907. Hitler expressed his gratitude for Eduard’s caring and professional treatment of his mother in postcards sent to Eduard prior to becoming Chancellor of Germany.
After Germany's annexation of Austria, Eduard's medical practice was closed on October 1, 1938. Gertrude and her husband, Franz Kren (Frank, 1893-1976, born in Austria), immigrated to the United States in October 1938 aboard the SS Conte di Savoia. Their two children, George (1928-2000) and Joanne, were already in England and were soon reunited with their parents in America. After his practice was closed, Eduard wrote to Hitler and received special protection by the Gestapo. Eduard and Emilie were allowed to remain in their home until their immigration paperwork was finalized. In December 1940, they sailed aboard the SS Marqués de Comillas from Lisbon and arrived in the United States on January 8, 1941. They reunited with Gertrude and her family and settled in New York, but Eduard was no longer able to practice medicine because his medical degree was not recognized.
Scope and content of collection The John Kafka collection mainly consists of correspondence, printed material, and articles relating to Dr. John S. Kafka and Gertrude Kren’s (née Bloch) refutation of Rudolph Binion's (1927-2011) psychoanalytic theories on the origins of the Holocaust and correspondence related to the return of postcards and other items written by Adolf Hitler to Dr. Eduard Bloch. The collection also includes biographical material and articles written by Eduard Bloch as well as biographical material, photographs, and family research relating to the Bloch and Kafka families.
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Biographical material includes original and photocopies of Eduard Bloch’s obituary and memorial, a writing by Lili Bloch titled “How I met my husband” and other articles about her life, and Bloch and Kafka family research and photographs. The series also includes a family history, curriculum vitae, a list of publications, and clippings relating to John Kafka.
Correspondence includes original and photocopies of letters between Eduard Bloch, friends, and colleagues and correspondence to and from Gertrude Kren regarding an article by Rudolph Binion’s referencing and with her lawyer in attempts to locate postcards sent to Eduard from Hitler. The series also includes correspondence about articles, reviews, and journals and letters regarding Binion’s article from John Kafka.
Printed material includes reviews of Adolf Hitler: A family Perspective, The Mind of Adolf Hitler, and The Devil in the Flesh, articles written by Eduard Bloch, Gertrude Kren, George Kren, and John Kafka, promotional material, and refutations and responses to articles by Rudolph Binion and David Irving.
Series 4 includes articles and clippings relating to the war and the post-war analysis of the Holocaust.
System of arrangement The collection is arranged in four series: Series 1: Biographical material, 1919-1990s Series 2: Correspondence, circa 1901-1992 Series 3: Printed material, 1946-1995 and undated Series 4: Articles, 1927-1992 and undated
Indexing terms Person: Bloch, Eduard. Kafka, John. Kren, Gertrude.
Topical Subject: Jewish physicians--Austria. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Historiography. Jews--Europe--History--20th century. Geographic: Austria.
Genre/Form: Newspapers. Correspondence. Photographs.
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CONTAINER LIST
Series 1: Biographical material, 1919-1990s Box/Folder Title 1.1 Bloch, Eduard, 1938-1976 OS 1 Bloch, Lili, 1948-1954 1.2 Bloch-Kafka family history, undated 1.3-1.4 Kafka, John, 1913-1990s (2 folders)
Series 2: Correspondence, circa 1901-1992 Box/Folder Title 1.5 Bloch, Eduard, 1901-1936 - translation then reorganize 1.6-1.8 Kafka, John, 1972-1992 (3 folders) 1.9-1.10 Kren, Gertrude, 1974-1978 (2 folders) 1.11 Miscellaneous, circa, 1974-1982
Series 3: Printed material, 1946-1995 and undated Box/Folder Title 1.12-1.13 Book reviews, 1974-1982 and undated (2 folders) 1.14 Eduard Bloch articles, undated OS 2 1.15 George Kren articles, undated 2.1 Gertrude Kren’s refutation of Binion and Toland, undated 2.2 History of Childhood Quarterly, undated 2.3 Hitler’s concept of Lebensraum, by Rudolph Binion, 1974-1977 and undated 2.4 John Kafka articles, 1982-1995 and undated 2.5 Promotional material, undated 2.6 Refutation of Rudolph Binion’s theory, 1946-1976 2.7 Responses to David Irving’s articles, 1977
Series 4: Articles, 1927-1992 and undated Box/Folder Title 2.8 “Abendeinladung,“ 1992 2.9 “Die Juden in Linz,” 1927 2.10 “Ehrenrettung für Einen Toten,” 1978 2.15 Fessler, James, 1976-1977 2.11 “Hitler, der ‘Nazionist,” 1974 2.12 “Hitlers Edeljude,“ 1988 2.13 “Il Fuit Sa Personnalité Profonde,’’ undated 2.14 “The Independence of Psychohistory,“ undated 2.16 “Psychohistorical Perspectives on Modern Germany History,” 1975 2.17 “Race and Spirituality,“ 1991 2.18 “Studien zue Medizinischen Zeitgeschichte des XX. Jahrunderts,“ 1983 2.19 “U.S. Considers Giving Nazi Art back to Germany,” 1981
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2.20 “Why Henry VIII Didn’t Love Lulu,“ undated 2.21 “Wir Sind mit Hitler…” 1977
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