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COUNTRY ANALYSIS Developing Capacities for Trade Integration and Economic Diversification

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COUNTRY ANALYSIS Developing Capacities for Trade Integration and Economic Diversification REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN DIAGNOSTIC TRADE INTEGRATION STUDY Developing Capacities for Trade Integration and Economic Diversification October 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................. v Foreword ................................................................................................................................................ vii Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. viii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................ ix South Sudan - Action Matrix .............................................................................................................. xxxii Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................1 Chapter I - Country context, poverty and macroeconomic issues...........................................................3 1.1 Country Background ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 Poverty ............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Macroeconomic environment: recent developments .................................................................... 10 1.4 Outlook and issues arising ............................................................................................................... 13 Chapter II - Trade Policy ....................................................................................................................... 18 2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 18 2.2 Structure and value of trade .......................................................................................................... 18 2.3 Trade regime ................................................................................................................................... 22 2.4 Policy issues and options ................................................................................................................. 27 2.5 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................................... 33 2.6 Recommendations........................................................................................................................... 34 Chapter III - Trade Facilitation .............................................................................................................. 36 3.1 Customs and related procedures .................................................................................................... 36 3.2 Infrastructure and linkages ............................................................................................................. 40 3.3 Technical Regulations and product standards ................................................................................ 46 3.4 Recommendations........................................................................................................................... 48 Chapter IV - Institutional Capacity development .................................................................................. 51 4.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 51 4.2 Medium-Term Capacity Development Strategy .............................................................................. 51 4.3 Ministry of Trade, Industry and Investment (MTII) ......................................................................... 52 4.4 Other ministries with trade-related functions ................................................................................ 60 4.5 States ............................................................................................................................................... 62 4.6 Private sector and tertiary education.............................................................................................. 64 4.7 Donor capacity-building activity ...................................................................................................... 67 4.8 Conclusions and overall assessment ............................................................................................... 68 4.9 Recommendations........................................................................................................................... 69 Chapter V - Business Environment and Cross-cutting Issues ............................................................. 74 ii 5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 74 5.2 Governance ..................................................................................................................................... 76 5.3 Business environment ..................................................................................................................... 80 5.4 Cost and quality of factors............................................................................................................... 83 5.5 Taxation ........................................................................................................................................... 87 5.6 Trading across borders .................................................................................................................... 89 5.7 Investment Climate ......................................................................................................................... 89 5.8 Recommendations........................................................................................................................... 96 Chapter VI - Revitalizing Agriculture .................................................................................................. 100 6.1 Agro-ecological environment and agricultural prospects ............................................................. 100 6.2 Agricultural policy and regulatory framework .............................................................................. 110 6.3 Value chain development to increase agricultural productivity ................................................... 111 6.4 Recommended programmes and actions ..................................................................................... 116 Chapter VII - Energy ........................................................................................................................... 121 7.1 The institutional and legal frameworks ......................................................................................... 121 7.2 The upstream oil and gas sector ................................................................................................... 125 7.3 Transportation of hydrocarbons: alternatives to Sudan’s pipeline............................................... 132 7.4 Strengthening the supply of petroleum derivatives ..................................................................... 134 7.5 Monetization of natural gas: Small scale electricity generation, an alternative to gas flaring ..... 138 7.6 Electricity ....................................................................................................................................... 139 Chapter VIII – The mining sector in South Sudan .............................................................................. 145 8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 145 8.2 Assessment of South Sudan’s mining potential ............................................................................ 147 8.3 Mineral sector baseline ................................................................................................................. 153 8.4 Tax and royalty regime .................................................................................................................. 157 8.5 Mineral titles licensing .................................................................................................................. 159 8.6 Current and planned programmes of support to the mining sector ............................................ 161 8.7 Building the foundations for mineral sector growth ................................................................... 161 Chapter IX – Towards Inclusive tourism ............................................................................................. 166 9.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 166 9.2 Characteristics of tourism in South Sudan .................................................................................... 167 9.3 Resource inventory........................................................................................................................ 169 9.4 Regulatory and enabling environment for tourism .....................................................................
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