THE ONLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO EXPERIMENTAL AVIATION New and Improved 1/4Incli Seale Kits (Solid Wood) BUILD 4 Exact Vi-Inch to the Foot SCALE MODELS f o r $ 1.50

The planes pictured here can be had in kits at 50 Cents each, or Four for $1.30. Each kit contains all wood parts CUT TO OUTLINE SHAPE; die cast ma­ chine guns, where needed; die cast propellers and wheels. Metal seats all made, paints, glue, insignia, real scale p lan s etc. Die cast radial motors are included in modern plane kits where needed. PFALZ D111 BRISTOL FIGHTER SPAD 13 HALBERSTADT In addition to the planes pictured here you can get kits for the Hawk P. 5, Curtiss Itacer, Hawker Fury, Supermarine, Camel, Fokker Triplane, S. E. 5 A., and Albatross, at the same prices. REMEMBER All parts arc cut out B/J SEAPLANE NAVY RACER AUTOGIRO CURTISS HAWK P.S E Die cast propellers Die cast wheels Die cast machine guns Finished metal seats In these kits. Free: 20 pictures of war planes with each order of $1.50. Note: This price does not apply to the CURTISS SWIFT BOEING XP 936 BOEING P-12-F B/J. PURSUIT llandley-Page or Gotha.

THE HANDLEY-PAGE 0-400 THE GOTHA BOMB DROPPER

Don91 foil to build these famous W orld U ar Bombing Planes The Handley-Page and Gotha Bomber kits contain all wood parts (CUT TO OUTLINE SHAPE, die cast propellers, machine guns and wheels, metal bucket seats, all insignia and numerals, over size portions of high class aeroplane paint and cement, ex­ act scale drawing, etc., comprise the kit sets. HANDLEY PAGE KIT, wing span 25 inches, in I'ine or Balsa, $3.00 GOTHA BOMBER KIT, wing span 19% inches, in Pine or Balsa, $2.00 With each order of $5.00 or more a Howard (Mike) kit free. HAWK MODEL AEROPLANES 4946-48 Irving Park Blvd. Dept. W - i CHICAGO, ILL. NOTE:—Please add 10% to your order for postage. SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS ___ 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 1 ^\F!C------* Introducing 4 New 20-In. Scientific Hi-Flyers o In response to repeated requests from model builders all over A Brand Neiv Hobby the countryScientific creates four striking new ships — fo u r in Going Over BIG! worthy additions to the noiv famous line of Scientific HI-FLYERS. THE NEW MINIATURE These new kits embody the latest developments in model airplane design and are the biggest kit values ottered today. Build these 4 new scale HI-FLYERS. Like all STREAMLINE other Scientific models they are . . . GUARANTEED TO FLY! 50c AUTOMOBILES Each HI-FLYER Kit Contains: Finished drilled propeller, fin­ POSTPAID A brand new thrill for Model ished drilled wheels, 2 sheet colored tissue, bottle banana oil, Builders. If you have not as yet tube cement, washers, finished drilled nose plug, finished wire fittings All ribs, bulkheads, ordered one or more of these fairings, printed on balsa. Rubber motor. All balsa strips cut to size. Full size plans and Strcamlino Automobiles, do so at explicit instructions. onco. The realism—completeness in every detail—will thrill you. .50 Scientific Streamline Automo­ biles are easy to build—a new hobby for young and old. POST No other kit ever offered by any firm is as complete as theso PAID Streamline Automobilo Kits. Nothing has boon overlooked. Even tools (full-size coping saw and model knife) have been included.

20" HOWARD “ IKE’ 50c Postpaid 20" CURTISS CYCLONE HAWK 50c Postpaid

. . tne uura modern lines—the radiator front—built in headlights—a realis­ tic model [(*) Copyrighted name used with ετ/Λ permission of Chrysler Corporation.] Postpaid «jp-L .D U 20" FAIRCHILD CABIN 50c Postpaid 20" BOEING PURSUIT F4B-4 50c Postpaid • Other Popular Scientific HI-FLYERS, famous the country over ·

20" NlEUPORT “ SCOUT” 50c Postpaid 20" VICKERS “JOCKEY” 50c Postpaid PACKARD ROADSTER—Custom body; convortibio road­ -..' '! ster. Look at tho windshield—what a beautiful model I “ Ask tho boy who builds one.” Postpaid ...... $ 1 .5 0

20" WACO MODEL “A” 50c Postpaid 20" VANCE “ FLYING WING” 50c Postpaid

NASH BROUGHAM—What speed, dash and smartness in this new streamline Nash model. Reproduced line for line from the original new Nash car. Postpaid ...... $ 1 .5 0

50c Postpaid 20" CURTISS “ GOSHAWK’ 50c Postpaid

RD V-8 VICTORIA—A beautiful replica with that V-shaped radiator and slanting windshield. 20" FAIRCHILD “ 22” 50c Postpaid Easy to build. Postpaid ...... 20" BELLANCA “ PACEMAKER” 50c Postpaid $ 1 .5 0 Send 5c for Scientific’s New 16-Page Catalog of Models and High Grade Supplies. DEALERS: Scientific Models for good profit. Write for discounts. SCIENTIFIC MODEL AIRPLANE CO 218-220 N-9 Market St. Newark, N. J . · In Our Next Issue

We take pleasure in of­ Italy Solves Her Problem of Air Defense fering our readers the first of a series of thrill­ by Fletcher P ratt...... 4 ing articles by our old friend, Lt. Η. B. Miller, entitled Acrobats of the Fundamentals of Model Airplane Building Sky. Due to unforeseen by Edwin T. H am ilton...... (5 circumstances this arti­ cle could not appear in our September issue and The Development of the Fokker Fighters we ask the kind indul­ gence of our reading by Robert C. H a re ...... 9 p u b lic. Build this Prize Winning The General Aviation YO-27 ...... 10 Stinson, by Joseph Ko­ vel, gives you complete data and information to On the Frontiers of Aviation construct a flying scale by Robert C. M orrison...... 11 model of an excellent contest winner.

Building Models for the “Tunnel” More plans and valuable by Alexander Ivlemin...... 12 facts will be given you on the latest airplanes, by Robert C. Morrison in How the Aeroplane Was Created a continuation of his articles, On the Frontiers by David Cooper...... 15 of Aviation.

Building the Macchi-Castoldi Seaplane A new surprise feature is in store for you in our by C. L. Bristol...... 10 October issue, one that many of you have been The Aerodynamic Design of the Model Plane looking for. Watch for it! The National Aeronau­ ft? by Charles Hampson G ra n t...... 23 tic Association, Junior Chapter, is lapidly be­ m coming a national insti­ Air Ways—Here and T h ere...... 24 tution. Perusal of the N.A.A. Junior Activities, “A&sVvi Curtiss Pursuit U. S. Army Air Corps PW-S (3 View) each month, will con­ vince you of the many by Willis L. Nye ...... 20 benefits derived by mem­ b e rsh ip . IA Illustrated Aviation Dictionary Our regular features, The Aerodynamic Design ·· m by Edwin T. H am ilton...... 27 of the Model Plane, Fun­ damentals of Model Air­ plane Building, Air The N.A.A. Junior Membership N ew s...... 28 Ways, Aviation Advisory Board, Illustrated Avia­ tion Dictionary, and the Here is the Junior Record Baby R.O.G. above, all go to make by Victor R. Fritz ...... 34 the October issue of Universal Model Air­ plane News, one of the Aviation Advisory Board...... 30 v e ry b est.

Published Monthly by JAY PUBLISHING CORP., Myrick Bldg., Springfield, Mass. Editorial and General Offices, 551 Fifth Avenue, New York City. George C. Johnson, President. Jay P. Cleveland, Secretary Jay P. Cleveland, Advertising Manager, 551 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. Entered as second-class matter June 5, 1929, at the Post Office at Springfield, Mass., under the A ct of M arch 3, 1879. Copyright 1934 by JAY PUBLISHING CORP. Price 20c a copy. Subscription price $2.00 a year in the United States and its possessions; also Cuba, Mexico and Panama. $2.00 in Canada. All other countries $2.50 per year. Contributors are especially advised to be sure to retain copies of their contributions, otherwise they arc taking unnecessary risk. Every possible effort will be made in our organization to return unavailable manuscripts, photographs and drawings (if accompanied by postage), but we will not be responsible for any loss of such matter contributed.

\ UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS ----- *( !E_P9 -Λ3Β- 4 3

IAV GOING TO SELL M IN Ej I D O N T K N O W WHETHER TO SELL Λ\ΙΝΕ / S h e ’s a b e a u t y OR KEEP IT / H a r r y I'M. G O IN G TO 14 y r s . FLY M IN E

J a c k * 18 Y R S

Here is a complete IDEAL Kit. Every­ thin;; is included. This makes IDEAL Post· planes easy, simple and fascinating to By Building Absolutely Accurate Model o f BOEING P-26A Boys, how would you like to have an experi­ very little practice you can duplicate the ad­ enced flying man sit down with you at your justments necessary to make the plane take bench and help you lay out a real working off like a bird, find its ceiling, circle, loop and model Boeing P-26 A? One of the newest, most finally make a perfect three point landing at STINSON RELIANT AIRLINER advanced of all fighting planes. Fast, speedy, the end of its flight. This beautiful flying plane, an abso­ with full armament capable of over 240 miles lutely accurate reproduction, in exact per hour. This flying model is an exact replica Built in exact % inch scale, this kit contains 3,\" scale, is in great demand today. everything necessary to build a big, workman­ "With m any new fe a tu re s, m o d e rn of this famous fighter and flyer—one that is streamlining at all points, it is thor­ identical in all but size with its noteworthy like model with a wing span of 2114 inches, oughly advanced, and has a wing big brother. That’s exactly what the IDEAL and a length of 18 inches. Finest materials span 32 5/16", a length of r only are used in its construction: sheets of 21Ά" and weighs 3Vs oz— AIRPLANE AND SUPPLY COMPANY is doing for you. We have had experienced fly­ selected plainly printed balsa of a quality not ing men who have spent their lives in design­ ordinarily found in a kit at this price; balsa ing and flying real planes lay out this Boeing strips of various sizes for its skeleton ribs, P-20A for you! And they did it in a way that etc.; sheets of silk tissues, cement, both col­ is so simple that any boy can build it. ored and plain dope, propeller shafts, 2 pro­ pellers, motor plate, rubber motor, wheels, As you build this plane you will learn the cable cord and all other hooks, pulleys, con­ principles of flying. With your own hands trol hinges, eyelets, washers, sand paper, you can work the controls right from the celluloid, reed, wire and other small but pilot’s seat in the cockpit. Ailerons, rudder necessary things to make the complete model and elevator can be set in any position de­ exactly in accordance with the plans and in­ sired for flying, and so controlled that with structions. CURTISS GOSHAWK Here’s a beauty. Exact duplicate, of course, and like all IDEAL Planes, BOYS' MAKE BIG MONEY BUILDING PLANES guaranteed to fly. Many details in­ There is a big demand for IDEAL Model Planes. They are extremely popular for decorative purposes in the cluded that you cannot see. Beautiful home. Sporting goods stores, stores dealing in aviation supplies, drug stores, jewelry stores, and toy stores colors. Wing span 23%", (*ey rxrv all want them for display purposes and to place in stock. They arc beautiful in windows or on counters, len g th 16%", w eig h t 33b oz. they help to advertise the store and attract attention to the windows. You can sell finished IDEAL Planes to gas stations dealing in aviation oils; rent or sell them to department stores for special sales or sales in the sporting goods departments. You can also rent or sell them for decorative purposes to aviation Boeing P-26A 100% SCALE associations. lodges, and club rooms. The possibilities for selling the finished With these new exclusive features: planes are almost endless. Entire model designed in accurate % inch scale, every detail T ?*flPfY R T A N T U you are interested in learning aviation, if you want to accurate and with weights shifted for flying to compensate for xxijix A-n.il a build a better looking and better flying plane, if you want difference in the center of gravity. to havc, when completed, an ornamental piece you will be proud to show your 1. Aileron rudder and elevator can be set in any desired position friends, or a plane that will sell readily at a good profit, then use only IDEAL and controlled by cables from cockpit. kits. 2. Special high lustre finish—the new dope that duplicates the Simply fill in the coupon with your name and address, en­ finish of the big planes. close $1.75 and the Boeing P-20A kit will be forwarded to you 3. Special streamline aluminum drag ring. immediately •1. Movable control stick and foot pedals actually operate the controls exactly like the real plane. 5. Two new adjustable pitch propellers, one for exhibition, an­ eeS£^fi£*8-i other for flying. IDEAL AEROPLANE & SUPPLY CO., INC., 20-24 IV. 19th St., New York City Please send immediately the items I have checked below. I am enclos­ I DEAL AEROPLANE ing $ ...... (West of Denver 25c extra. All planes postpaid.) Boeing P-26A Q Curtiss Goshawk Π Stinson Reliant Airliner □ Am $1.75 $2.00 $2.50 SUPPLY CO ,INC Bulletin with free information □ 20-24 West 19th Street, New York, N. Y. Please print name. Pacific Coast Branch: Model Boat & Aircraft Co., 1356 Fifth Avc., San Diego, Calif. A ddress ...... Canadian Branch: Canadian Model Aircraft, 3007 St. Antoine Street, Montreal C ity ...... S ta te . The Savoia Marchetti S-55X used as a torpedo plane and bomber, (trans-Atlantic plane) Italy Solves Her Problem of

JL HE Italian fleet was at battle Macchi racer with its floats and practice off the capes of Sicily. Air Defense wings all covered with radiator It was just dawn. As the early surfaces that Ageloo drove light came up out of the Orient, W hy Italy Has Developed a Powerful Naval through the air at the incredible one could see the colossal out­ rate of 423)4 miles an hour, lines of the battleships silhou­ Air Force and How It Was Accomplished the fastest any human being etted against it, big and black, Through Constant Experimentation has ever travelled. (See cover with lean cruisers slinking picture). along ahead of them and low- It is not mere chance, either, hung destroyers ploughing By FLETCHER PRATT that both these planes, the out­ through the water on their standing achievements of Ital­ flanks. Suddenly a listener at one of the remark, are right out on the forefront of ian aviation in recent years, should he audio posts on the flagship, caught a sus­ naval aviation. The Savoia S-55, that seaplanes. “Italy,” said an aviator who picious sound; he motioned to an officer. freak-looking seaplane with the double was with Mussolini in his march on Rome, The noise continued and grew; a messen­ hulls and queerly-angled motors, is thor­ “is like a long dock stuck out into the ger dashed to the conning tower, and the oughly characteristic, and one of the most Mediterranean. She is protected on the next moment the bells were ringing for efficient airplanes in the world. north by the Alps, which make bombing action stations all through the fleet, while But if there is anything characteristic attacks by land difficult at least. But she the crackling wireless chattered “enemy of Mr. Mussolini’s air-fighters, it is the is only two hours flying distance from the airplanes approaching.” On the decks of willingness to try “nutty” ideas in avia­ naval aviation bases of three different the big cruisers, catapults swung round tion. They think everything is worth ex­ powers, and within five hours flying dis­ and fired pursuit planes into the air, but perimenting with. Back in the war days, tance of her coast there are six. Not to the next minute the “enemy” was in sight; they turned out those big Caproni biplanes mention fleets of other powers with their a swarm, a cloud, a tornado of at least that flew over the Alps and dumped a aircraft carriers. Naturally, our naval sixty planes, high up and in perfect for­ carload of leaflets on Vienna, warning them aviation must be strong.” mation. that it would be a carload of bombs the “ You see— ” he went on, and waving an In the fleet the anti-aircraft guns swung next time. Then came those huge crates, expansive Italian hand, explained how the into action, but far above, the leader of the the Caproni “tripes” and the early high- Italian aviation service came to take the air flotilla dropped a smoke-ball. Then, tail Savoia seaplanes; and after the war, course of development that has made it tvith the speed of darting lightning, the when most of the other countries were sit­ so peculiar among the great air services whole cloud of airplanes broke up into ting down in order to think things over, of the world, for any amateur knows that sixty separate units, shedding bombs and the Italians were actually experimenting Italian planes, fliers and methods are smoke screens to conceal the direction of with a monstrous septuplane— seven “different.” their charge, then swooping in like hawks wings, one piled above another. It failed, It seems the whole thing started back to fling torpedoes from every side into the of course; lots of those Italian schemes in 1923 when Mussolini and his famous huddled and helpless warships. “It was do fail, but one success balances a good blackshirts went into power. In that first terrible!” said one naval officer who saw number of failures. The Savoia seaplane group of blackshirts there were nine- it, “they came at us from every direction is one of the successes; so is the wonderful tenths of the fliers of Italy, young, ener­ at once, and we couldn’t do getic, but already veterans a thing. The battleship I was of the World War; at their on was hit by three torpe­ head the dynamic Italo does. The umpires ruled that Balbo. One of the first most of the fleet was sunk.” things the new government (Adherents of obsolete na­ did was take up the whole val tactics take note: Edi­ aviation question, for these tor). young men insisted upon it. Of course, the torpedoes, The new government like the anti-aircraft ammu­ found that Italy was follow­ nition were blanks, and the jgg* ing the general lines laid whole thing was a war game down by the other countries with Italian Savoia S-55s' after the war—same general attacking Italian ships, but types of machines, same it gives a pretty impressive methods of training, same picture of what will happen tactics, everything the same to any fleet that attacks Italy except for a few brilliant in the Mediterranean. For Here is the specially designed plane that recently captured the altitude and abortive individual ef­ those Italians, we rise to record for Italy by climbing 15,000 meters above sea level forts, like the Caproni sep- SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS ___ ^ 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 5

The standard Italian naval pursuit plane, Savoia Marchetti S-67. Speed, 160 m.p.h.; climb, 1000 ft. per min. tuplane. Yet when they exam­ them from. In pursuit ships, ined the question, they found she is well behind both France nothing more certain than the and Britain; they aren’t of fact that Italy occupies a spe­ much use along the coast and cial position with regard to air the Alps offers a first-class bar­ defense. rier to hostile land-bombers on She does not have the vast her only.land frontier. Of the flat plains and low frontiers of huge “flying tanks,” multi- France and Germany where motored fighters, all packed you can build an airport every with instruments and machine- five miles, nor the low coastal guns that are the pride of the lands of Britain. Italy is “a French flying serivce, she has dock stuck out into the Medi­ none at all. All her strength is terranean” but a dock standing concentrated around the fast on one edge, being mostly seaplane scouts and the big sea­ mountains. The only good air­ plane bombers of the trans-At­ port country is in the north lantic Savoia type. around Milan and Parma, and These Savoias, by the way, that plain is all ringed round are one more Italian invention by the tallest mountains in that worked. One of the first Europe. In short, landing things the young Fascisti did fields in Italy are necessarily Italy’s latest pursuit ships, Fiat C.R.30s in flight when they took control was to and forever few, bad, far apart restore the Italian policy of try­ and separated by lofty and extremely high riers or get his machines at their base.” ing any thing once and everything at least mountains where an emergency landing Either way you figure it, Italy’s air de­ once. Probably more freak ships were wouldn’t do. fense is a naval aviation problem. Once you built in Italy between 1923 and 1933 than But on the other hand, the waters of understand that, the whole story of the in all the rest of the world put to­ the Mediterranean washing into the mouths Italian air service becomes clear. Italy gether. of the mountain valleys, give Italy more has progressed through the air in great There has been that singular Stipa fine, land-locked harbors than any coun­ leaps and bounds, but she has always “barrel-plane”— just a Venturi tube with try on the continent, and up among the taken off from the water for these jumps. two little stubby wings sticking out from mountains nestle numberless little lakes. In land-bombers, especially the heavy-load it and the prop in the center of the tube. Moreover, the Mediterranean is the calm­ “night bombers,” she is behind; the Ital­ (This idea has not been dropped; the est of the great seas of the earth; forced ians couldn’t use such craft if they had Caproni firm is even now building a three- landings do not mean the disaster they them, for they haven’t the bases to launch motored barrel-plane). There was the would in the storm-swept gigantic Caproni 90, that Atlantic, but only that the crazy-looking biplane seaplane has become a mo­ bomber, with the lower torboat and must taxi for a wing nearly twice the span couple of hundred miles of the upper and provided across the surface. In short, with a sharp dihedral. the whole set up is ideal There was the tremendous for seaplane operation, and Pegna seaplane which had as a result, the new Fascist! ■7io floats at all, only a pair regime decided that Italy of two-foot wide metal must take the place geog­ plates where the floats raphy intended for her, as should have been, and the world’s leading sea­ rested on the water, float­ plane country. ing on its air tight wings, “You in America,” said its propeller half sub­ the same Italian flier merged. (This machine, quoted above, “have an one of the most original of immense coastline and open all, started through the oceans. Therefore 3rou revolution of a water-pro­ must take your airplanes peller at the rear. The to the enemy on airplane metal plate “floats” acted carriers, and they must on the water as wings come to you in the same acted in the air, causing it way. But we in Italy must to rise as it attained speed, fly our ships off the water \ few planes of the Italian air force assembled for maneuvers. In the fore­ till the air-prop was out of and catch any enemy at ground, arc Fiat Scouts, C.R.20 bis’; center, Caproni 90s (bombers); rear, the drink; then the pilot sea with his airplane car­ Breda 16s (fighters) ( Continued on -page 44) SEPTEMBER 6 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 Υ*----* UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS The finished model rqady for a flight The design of this model is perfect for stability Fundamentals of Model Airplane

W e PRESENT here our fifth measure 3/16" thick, 3/16" article on model airplane con­ wide and 14" long, as shown in struction. This little model typi­ Building the plans under “Top View.” fies the principles of design which Do this sanding with the aid of your editor, Charles H. Grant, a block, as shown in the May has been advocating in his popu­ A Complete Course for Beginners W ho issue under Fig. 5 on Page 9. lar series of articles “The Aero­ Wish to Become Expert. How to Build a Elevator dynamic Design of the Model Plane.” Freak tests with this Fine Flying Practice Model—Part No. 5 The elevator requires a piece model have proved beyond doubt of sheet balsa measuring 1 / 32" the soundness of Mr. Grant’s de­ By EDWIN T. HAMILTON thick, 224" wide and 7Y\" long. signing principles. Models Designed By Charles Hanipson Grant A graph plan of its form is Possibly the most interesting shown at the bottom of the plan test made with this model, and by far the under “Elevator.” Make a copy of this on most important one to the average model paper ruled with ]/^" squares. (See the airplane builder, was the poor launching FIG.4 June issue, Page 8 for instructions in this test. The model was released with its wings work). at a ninety-degree angle to the horizontal. The elevator is then cut to its proper While this would spell ruin to the flight of form. Make all cuts just outside the lines the majority of models, it immediately so that its edges may be sandpapered righted itself and flew perfectly upon be­ smooth down to the lines. When completed, ing launched. it should be 1/32" thick, 2J4" wide and Many other severe tests were given it, 7" long, as shown in the top view of the both in the method of launching and the plans under “Elevator.” weather in which it was flown, but in all cases perfect flights resulted. Its perform­ Rudder ance and stability are exceptional. Out of As shown in the graph plan, the rudder some ten flights it averaged, when hand is the exact size and shape of one-half of wound, 30 seconds duration covering an the elevator. Divide the pattern of the average distance of 450 feet. For the be­ elevator in half, as shown by the dotted line ginner who has not yet developed the tech­ in the graph, trace it on 1/32" sheet balsa nique of model plane flying, it will prove and cut out. Sandpaper its edges smooth especially adaptable. and down to exact size. Here is a model guar­ Test for exact form by anteed to be a “sure placing it on one-half fire” flyer under all con­ JUNIOR MODEL AIRPLANE BUILDERS CONTEST of the elevator and see­ ditions. It will prove a Hero is a chance to use your craftsmanship to advantage and win one of the five monthly awards. ing that it is a perfect Tills is all you have to do to enter the contest: splendid practice model Build the model described in each one of these monthly articles. Photograph it or have it photo­ duplicate of the elevator for every beginner, graphed and send the photographic prints to the Editor, Universal Model Airplane News, with a written half. description of what you thought the most dlllicult operation in the building of the model and how you whether he is building overcame it. Wing This contest will run for five months. Tt will begin with the model appearing in the May issue and his first model, or for will end with the model appearing in tho September issue of this magazine. The five best sets of photographs and disussion of each model will bo chosen by the judges from Obtain a piece of the expert wishing to those submitted and an award of livo dollars will be paid to each ono of the contestants for each t e s t the aerodynamic winning entry that they submit. sheet balsa measuring The winning entries will be selected on the following basis: designing principles Accuracy and neatness of the model as judged from the photograph, the quality of the photograph at least 1/32" thick, itself, and the comprehensiveness of the discussion and the neatness of presentation of the entry. wide and 17 fy" upon which it has been Those who will act as judges are Mr. Georgo C. Johnson, publisher; Mr. Edwin T. Hamilton, author: and Mr. Charles H. Grant, editor. long. Study the top created. Plans and instructions for building four models liavo been published. The first one was in our May issue. The model in this issue Is the fifth one. view of the wing in the Motor Stick Get busy on the model now, for all entries for model No. 4 must reach this office before midnight. Friday. August 31st. Entries for this model, the fifth one. must he in this ofiice by midnight. Friday. plans under “Wing.” The motor stick of September 14th. This shows the wing as No entrant will ho eligible for an award unless he truthfully states that he has built the model this model consists of a himself and gives his correct age and address. Give this information at the end of your discussion it looks after being bent and have your parent or guardian sign It as a witness. single stick of balsa This may he the start of your career in aviation. Get busy now. Send all entries to Charles H. around its two ribs, as wood. When sandpa­ Grant, editor. Universal Model Airplane News, 551 Fifth Avenue, New York City. shown under “Wing pered smooth, it must Section.” The width of - 7 - SEPTEMBER 8 1 - 9 _ 3 _ 4 > UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS

the wing after bending is 234", but the into it through the wing at the angle shown 8" long balsa propeller block. The propel­ original width must be 1/16" wider to in Fig. 1. The wing is then carefully bent ler given last month was carved direct allow for its bend. In this manner, the around the top curve of the rib and its from the block but this one has its blank wing must be cut and its edge sandpapered trailing half held with a pin as shown. cut out first and the carving done from down to 2-9/16" wide. The second half of the wing is bent and this blank. The tips of the wing should be cut from the rib attached in the same manner. Note The form shown for this model is known a pattern made from the graph plan under that these ribs extend slightly below the as a “ U. S. Navy” type propeller. It is the “Wing Tip.” Cut and sandpaper the wing leading and trailing edges of the bent most popular type of propeller for such to exact width, trace and cut one tip and wing. Complete the wing by cutting a models. Study the full-size pattern of the finish this by sandpapering down to the small elevation block. This is shown at the propeller. Draw two diagonal lines across pattern line. The length of the wing is then trailing edge of the wing in the plans un­ your block and then draw within these measured exactly 1734", the second lines the form of the blades, as tip braced, cut out and sanded shown. The block is now ready to smooth. be cut out. The steps of this work Locate the exact center of the are shown in Fig. 2. Your block wing, draw a line from side-to-side will look like the one shown at “A” at right angles to the sides, and when the blade design has been then crease along this line on the drawn on it. upper surface of the wing. This per­ This block is then cut along the mits it to be bent for the required blade outlines, which makes the dihedral without severing the halves. block into what is known as a Cut a dihedral block l/&" thick, “blank.” At each end, the blank is Y" wide and 234" long. This is marked with a curve to indicate the shown in the plans under “Wing,” cuts to be made when carving. The “Top View” and “Side View.” blank cut out is shown at “ B,” while Shape the block in the form of a “C” shows the end marked. From triangle, as shown in the front, or this point on, the propeller is carved edge view of the wing, so that it exactly as was the one described can be fitted and cemented directly over der “Side View.” It must be cut 3/32" in the August article. Finish by sandpaper­ the center creased line of the wing. thick l/< w id e and Y%" long. Cut this to ing both blades perfectly smooth and cut­ The wing is now given its required size and sand all sides smooth. This eleva­ ting the hub down to 34" thick. 2 Y " dihedral at each wing tip. Place one tion block is now cemented on top of the Metal Fittings side of the wing flat on the table and care­ dihedral block at the trailing edge of the All metal fittings with the exception of fully raise its other half until the tip is wing, as shown in the plans under “Side the propeller bearing, are bent from No. 5 34" above the table surface. When in this View.” position, test to see that the dihedral block Propeller 14 piano wire, as discussed in the August issue. We require four such fittings. The fits the angle of the two halves formed at usual combination rear-hook and tail-skid their center. Mold in position, coat with ce­ The propeller is carved from a blank is bent from one length, as shown at the ment and press the dihedral block into the cut from a 11/16" thick, 1Y" wide and top of the plans. One wing clip is required, center groove formed by the two wing as well as a propeller shaft. As these are halves. Small model pins may be driven practically duplicates of those given last through the underside of the wing into the month, no further instruction on bending block until the cement has dried. They are them to form will be given. The landing then removed. gear is also similar to the one shown last After the cement has thoroughly hard­ month. It is bent from a single length of ened, the wing ribs are cut and cemented wire, as shown in the plans under “Land­ into place. These are carved from 34” ing Gear.” Complete the list of necessary thick, 5/16" wide or high, and 234" long metal parts by purchasing a light propel­ balsa wood pieces. Note their exact form ler bearing. in the graph plan under “Wing Section.” B Two of these will be needed. Carve until Wheels exactly like the full-size pattern and finish The two wheels are of the solid balsa, smooth with sandpaper. They are now ce­ carved type. Two pieces of balsa measur­ mented in place on the underside of the ing 34” thick and 1" square will be needed wing. Locate their position from the plan for them. Set a compass at 34” and under “Wing.” scribe a 1" diameter circle, as shown in Each of these two ribs are attached 3 24” C D Fig. 3, “A.” This is then cut out with the from the center line of the wing. Coat the cutter, as shown at “ B.“ The circle is sand­ top of one with cement, press it into place papered into the form of a wheel with No. at the leading edge and force a model pin FIG. 3 (Continued on page 44) The first accepted Fokkcr Dr. 1. Struts made it acceptable Fokker’s first triplane built in late 1916

D U R IN G th e However, after months following putting the V.l the production of through every the Fokker D.IV, The Development of maneuver known to Fokker again combat flying time found his quota of and time again, the Mercedes Six en­ conservative Ger­ gines curtailed The Fokker Fighters man officials said at headquarters' “ No,” and the V.l orders. In addition, was not accepted. his plants at Schwerin were How the Rejection by the Germans of Two Well In performance, however, engaged in routine produc­ Designed Planes Led to the Advent of the Fokker * the V.l probably could have tion of great batches of equalled if not surpassed A.E.G. training airplanes. Triplane and Why It Was So Successful any airplane built during the In order to divert his atten­ War. And although the V.l tion to new designs, Anthony Fok­ By ROBERT C. HARE was in a way, a failure, it convinced ker decided to hire a production Fokker of the practicability of can­ manager to whom was entrusted the Part No. 10 tilever wing construction as taught job of organizing the plant on a by Professor Junkers, and can be profitable basis. called the force responsible for Relieved of business worries, building the Fokker Dr. I. Fokker once more took to the draw­ By way of variation, a modified ing board and designed a radically V.l Fokker was next constructed new type of pursuit ship. In appear­ and identified as the V.II. Construc­ ance it put to shame many of the tion for this model was identical to modern “streamlined” planes and the former type with the exception like many other Fokker wartime of the rudder and the motor. models, was years advanced in de­ The large round body made neces­ sign. sary by the rotary motor of the V.l When completed the new Fokker was not altered in the V.II. By was classed as the V.l. It was a full lengthening the fuselage slightly to The Fokker V.II fitted with a water-cooled engine. With­ cantilever winged biplane of small out struts it was very fast take the water-cooled motor, an al­ dimensions, and impressive because most perfect streamlined shape was of the lack of interplane struts or bracing 115 horsepower for the V.l. A large spin­ obtained. The front end was finished off wires. Both wings were built of wood in­ ner was fitted over the propeller hub in in a large spinner. cluding the veneer covering and were the manner of the Fokker D.V. The fam­ A large radiator was located in the cen­ heavily staggered. The lower wing was of ous Fokker axle wing came into being ter portion of the upper wing, strangely lesser chord and span and was tapered with this model and aided greatly in the enough, out of the slipstream of the pro­ from the leading edge only, leaving the final performance of the ship. peller. Exhaust fumes were led forward trailing edge straight. Rightfully proud of such a fine air­ and dispersed through a solitary pipe just Striking also was the fuselage of the plane, Fokker lost no time in having an behind the spinner. The landing gear re­ V.l. Built of steel tubing, the body was a official demonstration of his new beauty. mained the same with the wing axle and complicated affair made up of a welded steel construction. steel frame to which was attached curved While maintaining the same shape, the formers. Over these formers, a series of wings of the V.II were set farther apart. stringers was affixed to carry out the In the new ship, the upper wing was raised roundness of the motor, the full length of off the fuselage a considerable distance; the body which tapered off to a point at whereas the V. 1 was given a racy appear­ the rear end. ance by the upper wing which nearly In harmony with the other components, rested on the fuselage. the tail assembly was without external Instead of a straight tapered rudder, bracing. A root to which the rudder was the V.II carried a well curved rudder and pivoted was built integrally with the fuse­ fin similar in shape to the contemporary lage similar to the present day Northrop Albatros rudders. rudders. The entire rudder was movable Performance data on the V.II could and since the pivot tube was located sev­ not be located, but because of the longer eral inches to the rear of the landing edge, fuselage and heavier weight of the motor, a considerable balancing force was im­ the speed might have been increased over parted in flight. A Fokker Dr. 1 off on patrol, climbing that of the V.l, but at the expense of ma­ An Oberursel rotary motor provided steeply from the hangars in background neuverability. {Cotit. on -page 40) SEPTEMBER 10 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 Vs----' UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS The new Bellanca Senior Skyrocket with cantilever landing gear which provides every comfort for its passengers. Speed 185 m.p.h. On the Frontiers of Aviation

x HE year 1934 promises to Latest News and Data of Airplanes That contestants which will be be one of the greatest years Are Making Aviation History and How found at the end of the article. of air racing, the most out­ Mr. and Mr. Thaden’s ship standing race of which will to Build a Scale Model of the G. A. YO-27 is one of the latest Beech- be the MacRobertson trophy crafts to be designed. The race, mentioned in earlier ar­ By ROBERT C. MORRISON first of the 230 m.p.h. planes ticles of this magazine. One sec­ was completed last month. It is tion of the race will be a handi­ powered by a 650 Wright Cy­ cap race of standard make planes clone. from London, England, to Mel­ Jack Wright intends to fly his bourne, Australia, with twenty- new Monocoupe in the 13,000 three required checking points mile race. He is at present per­ along the route. The other section forming stunts with the little will be a free-for-all for approved “clipped - wing’’ ship at Floyd type high-speed planes with re­ Bennett Field, Brooklyn, N. Y., quired stops at only Bagdad, with American Air Aces, who Allahabad, Singapore, Darwin, put on an excellent show for the Charlevill, and Melbourne. The The new Northrop Gamma (Courtesy Gordon Light) public every week-end. number of racing planes express­ Another important race that ly built Lor the race will unquestionably the speed fliers for the MacRobertson race. took place last month, was the French be very great. The closing date for the entrants in Coupe Deutsch de la Meurthe. A specially One of the most interesting is that being the two races was June 1, 1934. As we go built Caudron 450 won the race at 241.62 built for Miss Jacqueline Cochran by Mil­ to press official word has just been re­ m.p.h. This is exceedingly good for a 315 ler & De Lackner, (formerly associated ceived from abroad as to the names of the h.p. plane. American Zapp wing flaps with the late Z. D. Granville). were used on the French racer. The ship will cruise at 250 There were also other similar m.p.h. and will have a range of Caudrons and one Comper 3000 miles. A 700 h.p. Curtiss Streak in the contest Conqueror engine will power The King’s Cup Race (Eng­ the plane! It is a three-place, land) will also encourage the low-wing cabin monoplane with building of new high speed wing flaps. ships. As v'e go to press, thirty- Another new racing plane is eight planes have been entered the Bellanca low-wing 28-70 so far in the contest, which took being constructed for Col. place July 13-14. Some of the James C. Fitzmaurice. The new planes designed for the cruising speed is expected to be two-day grind are the Airspeed between 230 and 260 m.p.h., Courier; Comper Kite, Mouse, the power being supplied by a and Streak; Klemm Swallow, Wright double-row engine. Coupe Moth, Hendy Heck Last month Bellanca received (many American feautres). an export order for $300,- Miles Hawk, Percival Gull, 000.00 for a fleet of their new and the Percival Mew Gull, all transport planes. English planes. Laura Ingalls has bought a The National Air Races will new Lockheed Orion as have be held at Cleveland this year many other contestants. The and we may see some of the Mac Lockheed company has put out Robertson contestants compete a new Orion radically different there and probably some other from former ones, more close­ new racing planes. ly resembling the Lockheed The successful operations of Altairs and Northrop Gammas, the U. S. Coast Guard Air Ser­ and it may be this type of vice has more than proven its Orion that has been ordered by ( Continued on -page 46) Building Models for the “ Tunnel”

Complete Details of How You Can Build Accurate W ind Tunnel Models

An example of a fine wind tunnel model By ALEXANDER KLEMIN Part No. 2 Director, Daniel Guggenheim School of Aeronautics, New York University

glue and clamped together with heavy Part 1 of this article described the blocks on each side so that the total wind tunnel and some of its uses. Part IAMINATCO AIRFOIL BLANK- HOTOLUtO WITH CHAN RCVlHSCO length will be under even pressure. Such 2 deals with the construction of the wind CNO VICW ΓΙΟ- · a clamp is fairly easy to improvise and tunnel model in some detail. Can the need not alarm the reader. The airfoil experienced builder of flying models ■ = T blank (Fig. 2) is left in the clamps for a construct a wind tunnel model so that day or two. As the hardened glue, adher­ it will meet the critical inspection of the sl - Η - Τ ΐ Τ Ί L ife ΗζΓ - 7 acrodynamicist, on whose judgment ing to the faces of the blank, quickly dulls and tests the airplane designer has to edge tools, it should be removed as far as depend so much ? possible with a glue scraper. The faces of the blank are now planed down flat and parallel, care being taken to remove the same amount of material on both faces, T h e most difficult part of the wind tun­ otherwise the material will curl towards nel model is of course the airfoil because the face from which the larger amount of its contour has to be accurate within stock is removed. To cut laminations, hot ± 3/1000ths of an inch. A slight error, glue, clamp, wait two days and then see particularly in the region of the sensitive the blank curl, is a supreme irritation! leading edge, can change the characteris­ Drawing of the Section tics of the airfoil entirely. Now a very accurate drawing of the sec­ Should the airfoil be built of metal or DISTANCE FROM LEADING EDGE LAID OFF ALONG H E U K tN C E LINE tion of the airfoil, drawn full scale, with wood? Metal makes for greater accuracy all dimensions marked along the chord and and for permanence of form. But a metal t perpendicular to the chord, must be made. airfoil requires much more time and skill. Such a drawing for the Clark Y, a well On the whole, wood is quite satisfactory m H H -H -M -U i 1' known and excellent airfoil, is shown in (except for very thin airfoils), if certain UPPER ORDINATES LAID OFF FROM REFERENCE LINE AT CORRESPONDING POINT MEASURING FROM LEADING EOGS Fig. 3. precautions and rules are observed. The profile should be made of well sea­ Making the Airfoil Templates soned, clear, hard and close grained wood, —L- ; | | In making really good airfoils, it is preferably mahogany, quarter sawed and d T T J i r -1 Λ 1: always best to make templates such as laminated with grain reversed as shown in shown in Fig. 4. The templates are made Fig. 1. Lamination is essential if warp­ of one-sixteenth inch tool steel worked by hand to within ing is to be prevent­ UPPER CAMBER ed, and a warped 1 / 1000th of an inch wing is useless. For of the given contour. a 9 foot tunnel, a The template is al­ fair size for the air­ ways started with a foil is 48 inch span metal plate straight and 8 inch chord, along all edges. The and the laminations plate is first finely should then be l/z cut into an upper or inch wide, or some . male part, and a c c < UJ ? ol o o o lower or female 16 strips in all, cut * o o s J o o g g q o o r, o ------3 Y _ o o o o o* o o from a board about ° ° 0006 part, fitted together 0002 Y ° o g

/ 8 1 inch thick. The g m O o Ys i o as shown in the »r> f- o o laminations are 3 -Wsi d in § <0 V CO sketch. With the placed in an oven, ^REFERENCE LINE OWER CAMBER help of the accu­ heated to about 100 a ll Dimensions are given in per c en t of ch ord, for a p a r tic u la r airfoil a l l d im en sio n s rately dimensioned degrees Centigrade, s h o u ld be given in inches t h e dimension in in ches is e o u a l t o p e r c e n t x c h o r d drawing of Fig. 3, s p r e a d w i t h hot FIG. 3 a sharp marking

- 1 2 - SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 13

tool and a micrometer gauge, the upper plaster has set, the templates can be used surface of the wing is marked out on the to finish the moulds down to the correct template as shown in Fig. 5 at a number size. A very good finish can be obtained of stations set off from the leading edge in this way, but the final finish should not with the top line of the female template be given until the plaster is dry, or the as a base. The upper surface is then cut shrinkage may distort the models. and filed down to shape by hand. Then The surfaces are now painted with lin­ the process is repeated for the lower sur­ seed oil and the flask is clamped together. face. with micrometer measurements FIO. 10 ELEVATORS MELO in PLACE BY BRA3S PINS One end is plugged and the mould may taken from the upper surface of the fe­ now be filled with a thin mixture of plas­ male template ter or by some melted wax which possesses considerable hardness and strength when Finishing the Wing working down between sections for which templates are available. cool. After the mixture has set. the wing The laminated block is. now saw cut is removed and the upper end trimmed off and planed to the exact maximum width to the proper length. If carefully made, and thickness as shown in Fig. 6. Surplus Making Airfoils of Plaster the model has a good finish and is accu­ wood is then sawed off and the airfoil is Where an airfoil is to be part of a com­ rate— at least initially. But since it is not planed down to a very near fit to the con­ plete airplane or is to be kept for perma­ very permanent, it should be tested soon tour. In this process, it is a great help to nent laboratory use, it can only be made after completion. have a drawing glued on to one end of of wood, steel, brass or aluminum. But the blank. After a near fit has been ob­ sometimes when modifications of airfoils A Simple Way of Attaching Movable tained with saw and plane, the airfoil is are being rapidly studied and a perma­ Control Surfaces finished to fit the template with sand­ nent model is not needed, wings can be When an airplane is being tested in the paper— a slow but accurate undertaking. made quite satisfactorily out of plaster in the following manner. tunnel, the power of the control surfaces Two channel-shaped metal flasks with must be investigated so that elevators, rud­ Thin Rear Edge Wings der and ailerons are made movable. Airfoils coming to a knife edge may upper edges machined, are fitted together with dowel pins, as shown in Fig. 8. Two The simplest way to secure movable sur­ have to be provided with a trailing edge faces is illustrated in Fig. 10. The sur­ made of brass. It is irritating and time accurate, positive templates are made to the sectional form of the wing, with lugs faces are cut with a very fine jeweler’s wasting and temper destroying to build saw, the inside edges are beveled and sev­ a beautiful airfoil and see the thin trailing at the end to fit on the flask and guides to keep it square (see Fig. 9). The flasks are eral pieces of soft brass wires are inserted edge nicked or even broken when the wing now filled with well-calcined plaster of as dowel pins. With soft brass, the mov­ is being mounted in the tunnel. Paris that has been mixed into a thick able surface can be readily turned to any paste. The templates are used as scrapers desired position. The size of the wires and Tapered Wings to form the wet plaster to shape. After the their spacing depend on the size of the The easiest tapered wing to make is model and the wind speed at which it is one which tapers linearly, so that a straight tested. The disadvantages of this method edge can be laid on the surface from sec­ are that the gap between fixed and mov­ tion to section at equal percentages of the able surface may be too large and that chord, as illustrated in Fig. 7. For such the soft wires may not hold the movable a tapered wing, it is only necessary to surface firmly enough. make two templates, one at the root and one at the tip. After the laminated block Aileron Hinge has been sawed and planed to the approxi­ A more complicated, but probably more mate dimensions required, the root and tip effective method of constructing a hinge are finished off as before with templates such as an aileron hinge is shown in Fig. and sandpaper, and the straight edge is 11. The aileron is sawed out with a fine used to work down the sections between saw and a thin brass plate is embedded in root and tip. the upper surface of the wing with two Where the wing does not taper linearly, flush wood screws. The extension of the many more templates have to be made and thin plate constitutes the aileron hinge, considerable skill has to be exercised in SEPTEMBER Ys UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS 14 1 - 9 - 3 - 4

Making the Body or Hull large, it should be glued up of pine lami­ The construction of bodies and hulls nations and left hollow. The laminations requires less accuracy than the wings. A are sawed out roughly on the band saw, tolerance of 2/100ths of an inch is gen­ glued together and then the whole is erally considered quite sufficient. The turned up and polished on a lathe. A cross PROFILE CUT IN VERTICAL PLANE model maker who has completed the wing section of such a wheel is shown in Fig. SIDE VIEW will turn with almost a sigh of relief to 17. The lathe spindle is attached to the FIG. IS the making of the simple body. center of the wheel by screwing it into a brass socket, let in flush with the surface. I I I For the body, mahogany may be even iG f f l - replaced by white pine or bay mahogany, 1 1 1 woods that are light, easy to work and not Miscellaneous Details PROFILE CUT IN HORIZONTAL PLANE liable to warp. TOP VIEW There are certain general rules as to de­ Small bodies may be made of one piece tails which the model maker will do well sawed out to the correct profile in two to bear in mind. while a plate and a hinge are similarly planes, as shown in Fig. 15. The edges cut off in the first sawing are lightly brad- In the landing gear, wheels, axles and fastened to the aileron. The wing hinge is fairings can be constructed in general out­ screw-threaded on one side and a screw ded on to the body in order to steady it when sawing the second side. The four line with but little attention to detail. Nose can be tightened into the hinge far enough type radiators are generally omitted; the to hold the surface securely. Similar sides are then planed down accurately to size, and by the aid of templates, the cor­ blunt end of the fuselage minus radiator methods can be employed for the rudder gives approximately the same resistance. and elevator hinges. ners are worked off with plane or spoke- shave. The surface is then scraped and fin­ Free air radiators placed underneath or at ished with shellac rubbed down with pum­ the sides of the fuselage are represented Stabilizer Adjustment and Tail Surface ice and oil. by wire gauze, suitably mounted, about Assembly In an open cockpit plane, the cockpits 16 or 18 mesh. Projecting parts of en­ gine, radio apparatus, gun mounts, wind In general the horizontal tail surfaces should be cut to at least half the depth of the body, but no details inside such as the shields, etc., are built to scale but in gen­ and the vertical tail surfaces can be con­ eral outline only. Propellers are left off. structed very much like the airfoil itself, seat should be included. Windshields, except that they are symmetrically double however, should be put in place and knobs cambered and therefore easier to build. representing the men’s heads, fastened to Alignment the rear of the cockpit. Also they need not be quite so accurate Alignment and assembly of the entire as the airfoil itself. These surfaces are Large bodies are sometimes made hol­ low, so that the model should not become model must be done with the greatest care frequently quite thin on a model and in — almost as much care as in the full-sized such a case it is advisable to make them too heavy, which is detrimental to accu­ machine. The process is illustrated in of metal. rate work with the tunnel balance. This Since a modern airplane, particularly is best accomplished by cutting out a se­ Fig. 18. The fuselage is clamped securely a transport airplane carrying passengers, ries of lifts from thin Y\ inch stock. These to a plane surface, right side up and λνΐίΐι has to take care of varying loads and are sawed out and planed accurately to propeller axis horizontal. A pair of simi­ hence of varying center of gravity posi­ outline and the whole set glued together lar templates are now made that go under tions, it must embody an adjustable stabi­ with hot glue, being held in alignment by the chord of the upper and lower wings lizer, with considerable angular movement dowel pins on the base plate, as shown in on either side of the body in such a way both up and down. A \'ery simple plan Fig. 16. When the glue is hard the pins as to fix the angle of incidence, the stag­ for stabilizer adjustment is shown in Fig. can be cut off flush and the outside sur­ ger and dihedral of each. The interplane 12. The two halves of the stabilizer are face of the model planed down smoothly struts are now put in place and approxi­ mortised out and fitted into the sides of to the contour lines of the lifts. This meth­ mately adjusted, and the lower plane is the brass cylinder (a) with brass pins (b), od gives a light and accurate model re­ set to its correct angle of incidence by all filed flush with the stabilizer surface. quiring few templates for finishing. A line skimming where it passes through the 'I'he brass cylinder is a friction fit in the body. With the aid of the templates, the split ring (c) screwed into the wood of upper wing is adjusted by turning the the body. struts, the opposite threads on which en­ A more elaborate method of stabilizer able them to act as turnbuckles. After the adjustment is shown in Fig. 13, with a machine is mounted in the tunnel, it is very positive method of locking the stab­ just as well to check its alignment, no ilizer into position during any run. This matter how carefully the work has been Fig. 13 also illustrates a typical tail sur­ done. face assembly; the tail surface assembly may be built a little more simply, but this Satisfaction in a Good Job drawing indicates a method which is quite METHOD OF MAKING HOLLOW MODELS satisfactory. Our final illustration is a photograph (Fig. 19) of a good model, just as it is Struts and Their Attachment ready to go into the tunnel. Properly stained and varnished, true in every de­ Streamline struts may be made of tail, a wind tunnel model, beyond its util­ either brass or steel and are provided with ity, is a matter of great satisfaction to round threaded portions at either end so the model builder. We hope that some of that the wings may be properly aligned LARGE HOLLOW WHEEL our readers will enjoy the experience of after assembling (see Fig. 14). In assem­ CROSS SECTION SHOWING LAMINATIONS building such a model, bling paper shims may be used under strut FIG. 17 shoulders to facilitate the wing align­ ment. Struts with threaded portions also facilitate quick assembly and disassembly. should always be marked on the side of A typical method of attaching struts the body parallel with the propeller axis, to wings and fuselages is illustrated in in order to aid in lining up the model. Fig. 14. It will be noted that the struts are bent sharply as they meet the body so that Landing Gear Wheels the face of the strut is parallel with the The wheels when small may be turned body and is mortised in flush with the sur­ out of solid maple. If the wheel is to be face and held by small wood screws. tested alone, however, and is therefore How the Aeroplane Was Created How the W ar Forced Quantity Production of Planes and Thus Laid the Foundation of Commercial Aviation

Chapter No. 9 By DAVID COOPER

F r o m the foregoing chapter, we have flew out from the Allied battle lines. From seen that the great World War had resolved that time on, in 1916, the real struggle itself into a mighty struggle and out of began. this greatest of wars came a new form of Since it was deemed necessary that combat. No longer was it a matter of mass drastic steps be forces opposing one another and the vic­ taken at this im­ tory belonging to that side which managed portant point, the qualities, yet the pusher with to batter its way through the opposition, consensus of opin­ a pilot’s nacelle well for­ but rather a matter more of careful strat­ ion was for a uni­ ward held out the important egy and planning. In this form, aircraft fied plan of control feature of excellent visibil­ had more than a little to do with the final both in the matter ity, and almost as important, outcome of the war. of airplane design an unimpaired range for the For the first two years of the war, un­ and manufacture operation of the machine- doubtedly Germany held control of the air. and in training gun. Although the Germans were outnumbered men. 11 was decided The French Farmans, in ships and men by more foremost among this type of than two to one, still figur­ ship, gave most efficient re­ ing that they were fighting sults. This, coupled with from the inside and by vir­ their increased flying range, tue of a better method of armor and equipment for standardization in manufac­ bombing, allowed this model ture, a natural Teutonic to give a very good account characteristic, they were of itself in service at the more than able to· hold the front. Allied forces at bay in the There were other French air from the beginning of U types too, for this service, the War until the Battle of among which were Bleriots, the Somme, in the late sum­ Voisins which were built in mer of 1916. increasingly larger sizes, German airplanes, though and Breguets. England of lacking the speed of Allied course was providing her ships, were a bit more stable share, among which were in flight and very hardy in the Shorts for over-water withstanding the trying rigors of warfare. to pool all ideas and experiences and by services. Avros and some few Sopwith Coupled with this, the better Corps train­ so doing, it would be possible to present models were put through also but in small ing of the German airmen gave them the a fairly evenly distributed fighting front quantities since this company specialized edge insofar as aerial combat was con­ to the enemy and eliminate as much as pos­ more in ships for combat work. It was in cerned. sible, weaknesses that were un­ 1916 that seaplanes in doing their routine With the ending avoidable under the old hit and work, reported the German fleet just be­ of the Somme cam­ miss system. Thereafter the plan fore the Battle of Jutland, and this year paign, there came was adopted in which certain types saw also the first night bombing inaug­ a decided change of machines fitted for scouting, urated, and also the very first co-operation in t h e A 1 1 i e d pursuit, observation, combat or between bombing planes and ground scheme of control photography were designed with forces in combat operations. and with a plan of this end in view, instead of expect­ For combat work, England was build­ standardization re­ ing any one type to fill the roll of ing SE5s, Avros and the famous line of solved upon, more any or all these types. Also, by ex­ Sopwiths, including the Triplane, Pup, and better ships changing the observation of their Snipe and Camel. Among the French of experiences under actual condi­ course the best known was the Nieuport tions, much time was saved in ex­ famous for its wing and a half and distinc­ f r perimenting and better ships re­ tive vee strut. This model was light, fast sulted. and extremely maneuverable and was used Both French and English de­ extensively for combat, being improved signers altered some views they from time to time as necessity and condi­ S P A O - 1917 held regarding pushers and trac­ tions warranted. Later on this model was tors, and at various times new ex­ supplemented by the Spad which of course perimental models made their ap­ was faster and better in many respects. pearances, each featuring new The Spad was perhaps one of the best ships ideas, both original and new; and used by the Allies during the war, since those that had withstood the test it had no peer in climbing ability and of time. Although it was conceded speed. By its unusual qualities of maneu- that the tractor offered better flying \Cojitinued on page 43) — 1 5 - 1 6 pJT-T-4 UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS The uncovered model shows attention to details A model worthy of your skill Building the Macchi - Castoldi

Ί η Ε “Red Bullet of Italy,” head, facilitate easy removal of more properly known as the the nose block, motor, etc. Macchi-Castoldi 72 and holder Seaplane The driving tube for the rear of the world’s speed record at propeller can be made from a 423.7 m.p.h., provides the Data and Plans from W hich You Can C reate sheet of 1/32" balsa by soak- builder of flying scale models a Cleverly Designed Model of the Fastest *n£ *n k°t water anc* r°hinf> with new and interesting ma­ it around any suitable piece of terial. Two propellers in close Airplane in the World dowel, pipe or tubing. When tandem arrangement and re­ dry, the seam can be cemented volving in opposite directions By C. L. BRISTOL and the ends trimmed to the provide a power unit that is without correct length. This tube is provided torque, a feature of considerable value with round end plugs, P and P' in in the model as well as the large sea­ drawing, and attached to the hollow plane. bearing JK J' which is shown assem­ The builder who studies all draw­ bled at top K. The pieces I, J and J' ings carefully and reads all instruc­ are of sheet brass, .45 in thickness, tions prior to beginning work, will while K is of brass tubing )/& inch have no difficulty in making this outside diameter. The center hole in model. Its construction is entirely con­ I should fit K, and the plates J and ventional excepting the power plant, ]' are drilled to fit the front prop in which the rear prop is driven from shaft L. the rear end of the rubber motor by Assembly of these parts should be means of a balsa driving tube and as follows: solder J to K, centering hollow propeller shaft, which in turn carefully, slip spinner S' and bearing acts as a bearing for the front prop I on K, placing a fibre washer 1' be­ of conventional structure. hind I. Next solder J ' in place and Plates 1 and 2 joined together at cement to the plug P. In the rear end the section lines provide a side view of this assembly, the pin X and washer fuselage layout with all stations The plane finished, ready to fly X' form a free bearing which is at­ shown in cross section. The fuselage tached to the fuselage by means of the is made entirely of balsa pieces of the size Spinners S and S' should, for accu­ cross-piece V', see drawings 2 and 4. V' shown in drawings. Two sides composed racy, be lathe turned and center drilled of pine or hard balsa, slides across the of the longerons and all uprights and diag­ as one piece, cutting them apart after­ fuselage between the side blocks V and onals between, should be assembled and ward. They are also of balsa and may be is removable. The piece U is a rear motor joined together. Top cross members B, shaped by hand where the above equip­ hook of music wire and is secured to the C, D and O are identical in size and shape ment is not available to the builder. Pro­ tube T at the plug P \ v- and should be sanded together as in rib peller blades are cut and carved separately, In assembling the motor, lace three construction. Observe the heavy lower see Plate 3, and mounted to these spin­ loops of Y& inch flat rubber through the cross member at the point of greatest ners on bamboo plugs at an angle of 30 rear hook U and tie the ends in a square stress, section C-C. It is important that degrees. The balsa nose block is shown knot, making the loops about 11 inches this piece be carefully cut and securely in side, top, front and rear elevations. It long. By means of a long’wire hook, pass cemented in place as it maintains body may be hand-carved and must fit the rear the rubber through the tube and cement alignment. spinner S' in front and the bulkhead A-A’ (iContinued on -page 21) at the rear, at which point it is drilled for I short pieces of hardwood | dowels. These plugs, ce­ mented only to the bulk­

It actually performs. Its de­ signer, Mr. Bristol, watches a flight expectantly Its attitude on the water shows grace and good balance — 17— 00 BAMBOO PLUGS TO MOUNT h* C/3 PROP BLADES ON SPINNERS I M vc ■g 1. wM j. ~ NVRA MDL IPAE NEWS AIRPLANE MODEL UNIVERSAL

w 16 * REAR

F H BALSA BLOCKS SAND TO OUTLINE HEAD REST

WHITE

GREEN

MUSIC WIRE, SOFT IRON WIRE CEMENT TO CEMENT TO FIN RUDDER ONLY AND RUDDER PLATE 2 UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 21

(Continued f rom -page 17) the plug P' in place. Reenfoice the rear face of spinner S by cementing a large washer thereon. The front prop shaft L can then be passed through the hollow bearing K and secured to the front spinner S, placing three washers on the shaft. Hook the rubber motor over the hook L and cement plug P in place at the front end of the tube. A fin and rudder layout is given on Plate 2 and may be assembled together. Rudder can be cut away afterward and sanded for clearance along its front edge. Wire mountings as shown, will allow the rudder to be moved for circular flights. Plate 4 shows one-half of the stabilizer layout. Observe that the stabilizer has a reversed camber and is also adjustable. Accurate patterns are given for wind­ shield, landing gear struts and cockpit cover. The entire top portion of the fuse­ lage forward of the cockpit is also cov­ ered with 1 /3 2 " balsa, using a single wide stringer at the top center where the seam occurs. Sixteen ribs of 1 /3 2 " stock and two of yi" are required in making the wings, layout and patterns appearing on Plate 3. The layout is for the right wing and the builder may have a left wing layout by reversing the root and tip sections. Round balsa spars are used, passing through holes drilled in the ribs. A set of bamboo bows in each wing tip as shown, adds greatly to the appearance and strength at this point. Wing tip outlines are cut from 1/16" balsa. Balsa blocks are placed at the points shown to receive brace thread. in constructing the pontoons, the builder will require one keel piece and a set of bulkheads, patterns for which appear on Plates 5 and 6. For accuracy the pieces for each float should be sanded at the same time, making two each of all bulkheads and keel. Continuation of the keel behind bulkhead number 5 is accomplished by means of a l/% by 1/16" strip, rear up­ rights or stern posts being of the same material. Dotted lines on bulkhead number 5 indicate the position of strips cemented to its rear side to complete the step. The three top stringers extend the entire length of the floats, while all others are cut at bulkhead 5 and cement thereto in an offset position. Note that one stringer is discon­ tinued behind the step. Cover the bottom of each float with sheet balsa 1/32" in thickness, which should be worked down with sandpaper to about half of that thickness. All stringers fit closely at the front of the floats and require a little tapering at this point. The builder should cut all notches care­ fully so as to avoid sagging stringers or other irregularities. Cover the top portion of each pontoon with strips of red tissue running length­ wise and using as many sections as appear necessary to a smooth job. Shrink with water as in the covering of wings and fuselage. The entire model should be cov­ ered with red tissue except the rudder, which bears the Italian insignia shown on Plate 2. Saddlebag radiators on the pon­ toons may be stimulated with paper patches as shown and should be of a silver color. Paint all exposed wood parts with red lacquer, well thinned, except props and 2 2 SEPTEM BER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS

spinners which are painted with s i 1 v e r dope. Pontoon bottoms may be left in the nat­ ural wood and water­ proofed with a solution of paraffin and benzine. The entire model should receive two coats of banana liquid as a pro­ tection against the splash of landings. The method of as­ sembling the model and of rigging same with loops of number 20 > Ll. (T cotton thread, is clearly shown in the drawings < P o P- and the builder should be careful to get the floats exactly parallel and in line with the fuselage. The center of frontal resistance is very low on this model and test K flights should be made UJ with a negative stabil­ h- izer setting of about 2 O degrees. Winding is ac­ LlJ a . complished by holding "3 the rear prop and wind­ co o ing the front one in the ce H usual way. When re­ CL 2 leased, they will spin in CO O opposite directions. Ad­ h- cc justable tail surfaces < lx make a variety of flights possible. o lx -J The “Red Bullet” is u . O a trim little craft, light £ in weight and quite a.-J speedy in flight. It I should make a worth while addition to any I - ® builder’s collection. < Ok (f) § Send this H < 3 ro List of Material to your dealer i § CO ^ UJ H- X Balsa 2 * 1 block___ 1" by 2" O -J 1 sheet . . . by 2" o : 3 1 “ . . . y i " by 2" Ll. CD 1 “ . .1/16" by 2" I- o 10 “ . .1/32" by 2" < 2 30 strips 1/16" square CO 6 “ .../^"square z 6 “ ys " by 1/16" CL π ­ All balsa 18" long ω UJ Bamboo o : (0 co 2 pieces < 1/16" sq. by 12" Tissue 1 sheet ...... white 1 “ green 2 sheets ...... red Banana liquid, dope, cement, rubber and small hardware as de­ scribed. The Aerodynamic Design oi

Γ ROBABLY the part of Rubber Band Motors the model plane that receives In determining what is the the least amount of thought the Model Plane best source of power and in the field of model design, how it should be applied, is the source of power. A there are just three basic plane may be well designed The Design of Rubber Motors—Basic considerations to keep in and built, yet if it has not a suf­ Factors That Affect Their Operating mind. They are (1) the amount ficient amount of power properly of torque or twisting effort that applied, it can easily be a failure. Efficiency and Results of Tests That a motor will deliver at the pro­ Many model builders are in­ peller; (2) the amount of time genious up to the point of apply­ Show Their Characteristics during which this torque con­ ing the motive power, only to ruin tinues to be delivered; and (3) a good model by slapping a few the coordination of the rubber rubber strands onto it without con­ By CHARLES HAMPSON GRANT motor with the particular pro­ sidering the requirements carefully. Per­ peller being used, so that it turns the pro­ haps it is because rubber bands are such a peller at the most efficient speed and de­ convenient and simple means of driving Article No. 31 Chapter No. 4 livers its power in proper amounts over the propeller, that they feel serious thought as long a period of time as possible. about the matter is unnecessary. If the Torque (Turning Effort) problem was a difficult one that required the Suppose we consider the first factor, designing of a complicated apparatus to Torque. What is it and why is it of prime drive the propeller, the builder might think importance? It may be defined as the twist­ it more worthy of his consideration. Al­ ing or turning effort that is imparted to though rubber band power for models seem the propeller by the motor. It can be meas­ simple, it really demands careful thought ured by winding the motor and allowing if the best results are to be obtained. one blade to rest on a delicate scale which There are other sources of power besides will register the pressure or the force ex­ rubber bands, such as gasoline engines and erted by the blade at its point of contact spring motors. However, they have not with the scale. found favor because of their complexity, In Fig. No. 109, we will suppose that expense and the fact that until recently, the propeller blade is pressing on the scale devices of this type have never operated at (F ) with a force equal to (F ). The satisfactorily. Gasoline engines have re­ point of the blade at which the force is cently been developed that are practical being applied to the scales is a distance however, and they are finding greater fa­ (M) from the propeller shaft (O ). Then vor from day to day. the torque exerted by the motor on the pro­ Spring motors have never proven their peller is (FxM ) inch ounces, if the force worth, chiefly because of the low power is measured in ounces and the distance output for the weight of the motor. The efficiency is illustrated well by an indoor (M) in inches. No matter where the force best spring motor will weigh about five flight of 22 minutes which was recently (F ) is acting on the blade, the torque times as much as rubber bands in which the made at Akron. is always the same, other conditions being same amount of energy can be stored. Be­ Because of their popularity, our discus­ equal. In other words, the torque (T ) al­ cause of this fact, as well as their sim­ sion will deal chiefly with rubber motors ways equals the product of the force exert­ plicity and inexpensiveness, nearly all of as a source of power. Gasoline engines ed at any point times the distance of that the models being built at the present time will be given very brief consideration in point from the axis of rotation (O) or are powered with rubber bands. Their the latter part of this chapter. T = (F X M ). (Continued on -page 42)

TORQUE TABLES — HAND WOUND. NO LUBRICANT TORQUE T A B L E S - HAND WOUND. LUBRICANT USED. NUMBER STOCK- BROWN RUBBER '/ftX'/30. LENGTH»! FOOT TURNS rORQUE STOCK = BROWN RUBBER ItfX '/30 MOT. LENGTH » 1 FOOT. TURNS| TORQUE STRANDS 2 0 5 0 100 150 2 0 0 2 5 0 3 0 0 3 5 0 4 0 0 BREAK BREAK to TURNS* 5 0 100 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 BREAK BREAK 2 2STRDS 0.20 0.35 0.50 0.63 0.75 0.85 0.95 1.15 72 4 1.2 0.35 0.5 0.65 0.85 4 5 0 1.00 LU UJ 4 0.3 0.7 l.l 5 1.45 1.8 2 1 5 2 7 3 2 0 3.00 4 " 0.90 1.00 1.25 1.65 2.10 4 7 2 2 9 —J 6 1.0 1.3 2.0 2 6 0 3 5 4.8 *— T o •que 2 7 0 5 5 0 6 " 1.60 1 75 2 5Q 3.50 5.00 ~$ZQ 5 8 CD Θ.7 8 1.6 2.5 3.3 4.3 5.9 In I -ich-0jnces 2 2 0 7.20 8 " 2.30 3.00 4.50 7.00 3 2 0 10 2 4 3.9 5.4 7.5 9 8 2 0 8 I0 O Q 10 ·· 3.40 4.20 6.20 10.00 316 12.4 WT. OF RUBBER>- 14.5 FT. · 1 OZ-. STRETCHED 8.5 TIMES ORIGINAL LENGTH To rq u e In Inch-Ounces In All Tables. STOCK-BLACK RUBBER '/e'Xho* MOT. LENGTH - 1FOOT. TURNS TORQUE STOCK “ BLACK RUBBER 1ύΧ'/ξ 0 MOT. LENGTH » 1 FOOT. TURNS TORQUE AT AT AT AT TURNS* 2 0 5 0 100 150 2 0 0 2 5 0 3 0 0 3 5 0 4Q0 BREAK BREAK to TURNS* 5 0 100 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 GOO 7 0 0 8 0 0 BREAK BREAK 2STRDS 0.35 0.5 0 7 0 1.00 4 5 0 1.50 2STRDS 0.20 0 5 5 0.45 0.15 0.60 0.75 08 8 1.15 7 0 0 1.15 LU LU 4 " 0.60 0.80 1.20 1.55 2.10 4 9 6 "3.00 4 ·■ 0.35 0.8 1.05 1.4 1.85 2.00 2 7 5 3 4 0 3.10 _l _ l 6 ·· 0.95 1.15 1.90 2.50 3l40 4.50 Torqut 28 2 5.30 6 ·· 1.15 1.65 2 5 5 5 1 0 5.00 4 2 0 5 9 0 CD CD 8 ·· 1.50 135 3.00 4.10 5.40 7.30 ___In Inc'h-t )unces 258 7.70 8 ·· 2.00 2.80 4.10 6.20 ■37y τΤδϋ ■330 1 L20 f - 10 ·· 2 2 0 3.90 5.50 7 .2 0 10.00 216 11.00 h- 10 ·■ 3.50 4 8 5 6.00 8.50 •WT. OF RUBBER;- I7 F T .» 1 OZ. STRETCHED 9.5 TIMES ORIGINAL LENGTH - STOCK - BLACK RUBBER b eX '/3 2 MOT. LENGTH-1 FOOT TURNS TORQUE STOCK=BLACK RUBBER heX^z MOT. LENGTH - 1 F O O T TURNS TORQUE rO AT AT AT TURNS-· 50 100 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 BREAK BREAK r - TURNS* 5 0 100 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 BREAK BRfiAK 2STR0S 0.04 0.05 0 0 9 0 1 3 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.33 0 5 8 84 8 0.45 2STRDS 0.07 0.13 Q I6 Q I9 021 Q22 0.24 0.26 0.30 9 2 8 Q45 UJ LU 4 >· 0 2 3 0.35 0.50 0.70 0 9 0 l.l 5 516 1.25 4 ·· Q23 0 2 6 Q3I 0 .4 0 0.50 Q65 0.90 6 2 0 1X50 — ! -J 6 ·· NS 4 4 8 1.50 6 ·■ 0.38 0.43 0.60 0.80 1.00 4 9 6 140 CD 0.35 0.45 _QJSQ 0 9 0 150 NO OF TUR CD 8 ·· 0.50 0.70 1.20 1.90 150 2 0 0 2 5 0 3 6 0 2 5 0 8 ·· 0.52" 0 6 0 ' 0.90 1.20 ~ Γ5Ό 4 4 0 r m . < 12 ·· 2 5 0 3.30 4 16 \ 4 2 0 - 12 ·· 1.00 1.20 2 0 0 3<5 0 j— 1.1 0 1.50 1.90 To rq u e In Iric h -O u nccs - > I STOCK - BLACK RUBBER KwX'/sS MOT. LENGTH» 1 FOOT TURNS TORQUE STOCK»BLACK RUBBER &2Xk32 MOT. LENGTH » 1 F O O T TURNS TORQUE AT AT 00 TURNS*] 190 2 0 0 4Q0 6 0 0 8 0 0 1000 1200 3 0 0 BREAK BREAK TURNS* 100 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0 8 0 0 1000 1200 3 0 0 BREAK BREAK 2STRDS 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.13 Q 1 9 1332 0.23 LiJ 2STRDS 0.02 0.03 0 0 4 0.05 Q 06 0.10 012 1280 Q20 UJ 4 " 0.08 0.13 0.18 0.25 0.37 80 2 0 4 8 4 ·· 0 0 7 0.10 0.16 7 4 0 Q40 6 - 017 0 2 4 0 3 8 0.56 6 3 2 0 8 0 6 ·· 0 15 0 2 4 0 5 8 6 2 4 0.75 CD m 8 « OJ 7 0.32 0.57 512 1.00 < 8 ·· 0 2 0 0 3 2 0.56 5 8 4 1.05 0 8 4 5 2 8 2 12 ·· 0 5 0 0.67 1.45 0.95 43 6 180 12 - 0 4 2 0 6 0 1.10 1.85 T o rq u e In Inch-Ounces—*

-23— A I R W A Y S HERE AND THERE

W hat Readers Are Doing to Increase Their Knowledge of Aviation in A ll Parts of the World. Send Pictures and Details of Your Experiments The Air-Speed Courier, England’s fastest commercial plane

M o d e l fans who did not at­ plane. It is the Air Speed Courier, Eng­ tend the National Model Air­ land’s fastest commercial plane. Several of plane Competition held at Akron, these ships are entered in the England to Ohio on June 27th, 28th and Australia race, as will be noted in the 29th, missed the best contest that FRONTIERS OF AVIATION, appear­ has ever been staged in this coun­ ing in this issue. try. All official contests are now Cary Crawford, Jr., of 5.37 East Wald- held under the guidance of the burg Street, Savannah, Georgia, sends us National Aeronautic Association the finest photograph for Air Ways section Piet. and full details of the Akron this month. It is picture No. 1, which shows Lakes Sport Trainer, by Cary Meet appear in the Junior his Great Lakes Sport Trainer. It is built N.A.A. section of this magazine. up in great detail, having a span of twenty Therefore, if you will turn to this inches and the full scale number of ribs, section on page 28, you will find formers and stringers. It is certainly a complete results with many in­ swell looking job. From the picture, it is teresting highlights of the Con­ evident that there are many other excellent test. More facts and p ic tu re s details to this ship which Mr. Crawford which may straggle in to the edi­ does not mention in his letter. tor. will appear in the next issue. Picture No. 2 shows a Buhl “ Bull Pup” T here will be some unusual built by George Hargraves of 525 South Piet. No. 2. A “Bull Pup” that won a first prize for “shots.” Look for them. Garfield, Pocatello, Idaho. It won first George Hargraves. (A plane not a dog) Though there was a prize in a recent contest held in his home National Contest at town. It is a non-fiving model but is built Akron recently, all up in great detail. The body construction other activity did not consists of bulkheads and is covered with cease. There are piany 1/64" balsa veneer. It has such details as who could not attend instrument panel, stick and rudder pedals, but who have been ex­ bucket seat, safety belt, throttle, air speed tremely active with indicator, movable control surfaces, lam­ their pet hobby. inated wood prop, bolts in the motor and Ilarland C. Wood navigating lights on wings and rudder. of Middleton, Mass., It is a yA" scale model with a wing spread again sends us a very of twenty-two and one-half inches. Har­ Piet. No. 4. A six foot “Thunder Cloud” camera model built by clever drawing of an­ graves says this is the first scale model he Bill Ruttkay from plans in Universal Model Airplane News other prominent air- has ever built. We will be interested to see what he can do after he has been at this work for a few years. Winners of contests that think they are pretty good had better take notice. Theo­ dore Baxter of 41 Nat Avenue, New Bern, N. C., sends us picture No. 3, of his Cur­ tiss Goshawk. It is a flying scale model of twenty inches span. Baxter tells us it is the one hundred and third model he has built. In his letter to us he asks a question, Piet. No. 5. A wind tunnel model built by Clinton A. Schmaling. It is only one of many tested in his experimental laboratory

Piet. No. 11. Youngstown, Ohio has an active model club. Here are some of its Pict. No. 6. An experimental helicopter- Piet. No. 3. A flying scale Curtiss Goshawk by members. William Bernstein is its proud airplane built by Bartan Cowan Theodore Baxter, not a large ship parent — 24— SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 25

Piet. No. 13. A group of Austral­ ian model builders at a recent contest, won by Jack Low- ther Piet. No. 15. M. Pierre Legros sent this picture of the members of the first model a i r - plane club to be formed in France which wre will endeavor to answer here. us it is supposed to be a helicopter “Why are the outside of the pants left and actually performs, going up open?” The answer can be very forcibly fairly straight and then gliding impressed upon anyone in doubt as to why down for a smooth landing. The this is so, if they would assume the role duration is thirty seconds. It has a wing of mechanic at one of the fields. If it is spread of thirty-four inches. Our Air necessary to change a tire or repair a wheel, Ways column is longing to see a few more of course the wheel must be taken off. In original designs of this nature. Those of this event, if the pants extended down over you λνΐιο may be bashful, we hope will the outside of the wheel, it would be a overcome your timidity and let us know difficult job. With ofte-half pants the wheel what you are doing. is easily slipped off and yet the streamline There have been a number of young effect is present. men who have been consistent Air Ways Some time ago we published plans for contributors in the past, and we wish to a six foot camera model called the Thunder express our great appreciation for their Cloud. A number of the boys have built enthusiasm in this work and for their great and flown it successfully. One of them is help in making Air Ways attractive to Bill Ruttkay of 3 4 6 ^ Carrine Street, our readers. We are, therefore, listing some Johnstown, Pa. He sends us picture No. 4 of their names: of his model. Upon flying this model after Henry J. Jewett, Ken Willard, Gordon Piet. No. 7. Bob File and James it was completed, he says that some of the Light, Hugh Butterfield, Harry enjoy flying this six foot flights were erratic. He managed to correct Trimble, R. Rymer, George Wil­ the trouble by lowering the motor nacelles son, John B. Hastings, Arnold one-half inch below the position shown in Smith, Jack H. Berry, J. E. the plans. As editor of the magazine, I Schafer, Cedric Galloway, Harry know this model to be an excellent ship E. Moyer, Joe Kovel, Bill Brown, and suggest that builders interested in Glenn Courtwright, Thurston De models of this size get busy constructing it. Groff, Harvey Schubring, Wil­ You will be pleased with the results. At Millerton, New York, there lives a liam T. Howell, Elbert Weath­ gentleman named Clinton A. Schmaling, ers, Neil Secor, Bob File, Alan who has been interested in models for some D. Booton, DeBremond Hoff­ time. Being of rather an inquisitive na­ man, Maynard Clark, William ture, he has set up his own wind tunnel Petersen, Ludwig Bielko, C. W. and has proceeded with research along French, Jr., Lawrence Mc- aeronautical lines. One of the wind tunnel Cready, Frank Zaic, Harland C. models which he is using, is shown in pic­ ture No. 5. It is of his own design. He Wood, William C. Drake, Jim Talcott, Robert Sweet. Piet. No. 12. A group of Australian indoor hopes that soon he will be able to build a fans who “know their stuff.” (Courtesy I. Freshman) ship powered with a Cirrus 95 h.p. air­ ( Continued on 'page 3S) cooled engine. Mr. Schmal­ ing carries on his work be­ cause of his intense inter­ est in this activity, not merely for monetary gains. In picture No. 6 we have a very unusual crea­ tion of Barton Cowan of 1021 Laramie Street, At­ chison, Kansas. It is novel, to say the least, and Cowan deserves a lot of credit for Piet. No. 8. A nine foot Stinson keeps company with Piet. No. 10. A beautiful flying scale Travelair original thinking. He tells a twenty inch Corsair, by Carl J. Scherer Speedwing, by John Zimmerman Piet. N o. 9. Some expert builders belong­ ing to the Beloit, Wise. Model Club. Conrad Hansen Jr., is Secretary Piet. No. 14. E. Howell of Australia be­ lieves in going to extremes. Two of his models The Curtiss Pursuit U. S. Army Air Corps PW- 8

T h e Curtiss PW-8 pursuit plane in tal flight, was constructed by the Curtiss This type is the outgrowth of development which Lt. Russell L. Maughan flew from Aeroplane and Motor Corporation. This from the original Navy and Army racers New York to San Francisco on June 23rd, type combines maximum speed, climb, previously constructed and holding the 1924, in record time, establishing the visibility, maneuvering qualities and gen­ world’s speed records at that time. The ideal of a “dawn to dusk” trans-continen­ eral adaptability to military requirements. (Continued on -page 35)

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— 26—

— Illustrated Aviation Dictionary Many model builders and other readers are often in doubt with regard to the meaning of common aeronautical words. A number of them will be defined each month, therefore, in order to give readers a larger scope of understanding.

47. BAROGRAPH. An instrument 63. COMPASS. An instrument which which makes a permanent record in ink of By EDWIN T. HAMILTON indicates the magnetic north, the dial of the various altitudes attained by an air­ which is so graduated as to indicate all craft in flight. directions. The most important instrument 48. BAY. The portion of the face of a on an aircraft. truss, between adjacent bulkheads or ad­ 64. COMPRESSION MEMBER. jacent struts or frame positions. Same as compression rib. See rib, com­ 49. BIPLANE. An airplane with two pression. main supporting surfaces, or wings, one 65. COMPRESSION RIB. See rib, over the other. compression. 50. BODY. Same as fuselage. 66. CONNECTING ROD, TAIL- 51 BRACE WIRE. See wire, brace. SKID. See tail-skid· connecting rod. 52. BRACE-WIRE BRACKET. A 67. CONTACT. The act of switching light, metal stamping used to attach the on the ignition of the motor of an aircraft. brace wire to the surfaces which it braces. Word used as a warning to the man start­ 58. BUMP. A natural disturbance of ing the propeller that the switch is on. air currents which causes uneven or rough 68. CONTROL COLUMN. Same as flight. “The airplane hit a bump.” “The control stick. air was bumpy.” 69. CONTROL HORN. See horn. 54 CABANE. The framework to 70. CONTROLLABILITY. The de­ which the wings are braced at the fuselage. This term is also applied to the system of gree to which an aircraft may be con­ short struts upon the wing of an airplane trolled by the pilot. to which the stays, landing wires, etc., are 71. CONTROLLABLE PITCH PRO­ secured. PELLER. See propeller, .controllable 55. CABIN. An enclosed cockpit of pitch. any aircraft. The enclosure of an aircraft 72. CONTROLS. A general term ap­ designed to accommodate passengers and plied to the apparatus provided for oper­ pilot. ating the devices which control the speed, 56. CAMBER. The heighth of the direction, balance, altitude and motor curve of a wing surface from the front or power of aircraft. leading edge, to the rear or trailing edge. 73. CONTROLS, AIR. The devices To-p camber refers to the top surface of a employed for operating the control sur­ wing, and bottom camber refers to the bot­ faces of aircraft. tom surface of the wing. 74. CONTROLS, ENGINE. The de­ 57. CENTER OF GRAVITY. The vices employed for operating the power point of an aircraft at which the resultant output of the engine or engines. of all the weights of an aircraft acts. The 75. CONTROL-STICK. A vertical one point on which an aircraft would bal­ lever which operates the longitudinal and ance itself longitudinally and laterally lateral control surfaces of an airplane. when in contact with nothing but that Pitching is mastered by a forward and point. That point in an aircraft about backward movement of the stick, while which all other parts, which are acted rolling is controlled by a side-to-side move­ upon by the attraction of gravity, balance ment. each other in every position. 76. CONTROL SURFACES. The 58. CENTER OF MASS.. Same as surfaces which control the action of an center of gravity. aircraft in motion. These are the ailerons, 59. CENTER OF PRESSURE. Usu­ the elevators and the rudder. ally used in reference to an airfoil. See 77. CONTROL WIRES. Any and all airfoil. The point at which the surface of wires, cables or other devices used to con­ an airfoil is intersected by the resultant nect the controls with the control surfaces. force of all the pressures acting on its sur­ face. 78. COWLING. A removable cover­ ing which extends over the top and sides 60. CHORD. The width of the wing of the motor, over the portion of the fusel­ from front or leading edge, to rear or age just in front of the front cockpit, and trailing edge, measured parallel to the line sometives over a portion of the fuselage of flight. at the back of the rear cockpit. It is used 61. CLIMB INDICATOR. An instru­ to decrease wind resistance and protect the ment which indicates the amount of a dive parts inclosed. or a climb of an aircraft. 79. CRACK-UP. An accident in which 62. COCKPIT. The open spaces in the the plane is damaged. Usually used to fuselage or body, of an airplane which ac­ designate a partial wreck, or one of minor commodate the pilot, and in which the degree. controls and instruments are housed. The forward section of an airplane cabin 80. CRASH. A fall or landing in which accommodates the pilot or pilots, which the plane is badly damaged. This and the controls and instruments. ( Continued on page 37) —27— NATIONAL· AERONAUTIC ASSOCIATION JUNIOR MEMO 55 It S I I 1 1* NEWS

New Champions Set New Records at 1934 National Championship Model Airplane Meet as Only One Champion Repeats

Twenty Three Minutes New Indoor Record All Illustrations Courtesy Akron Beacon Journal WHO can ever surpass such rec­ Marvin Schmidt, competing in the Mof­ Avith the latter’s mother arrived by auto­ ords? That is the question being fett International Contest, won the Ad­ mobile from Los Angeles. From then on to asked by those junior members of the miral Moffett Memorial Trophy with a the last day of the meet there Avere steady National Aeronautic Assocation who at­ flight of 2 minutes 42 seconds and defeated arrivals by every mode of transportation, tended the 1934 National Championship entrants from Canada, England and the plane, bus, train, automobile, motorcycle, Model Airplane Meet at Akron, Ohio, United States. bicycle, and on foot. There Avere the usual June 27-29. Emmanuel Enderlein won the Bloom- number of hitch-hikers. Twenty-three minutes indoors, models ingdale Trophy by flying his indoor fusel­ Tavo enterprising young men, both 17 Hying out of sight outdoors. That is what age model 13 minutes 24 seconds. This is years of age, Carlton Harris and Charles happened when 183 junior members of a new world record that eclipses the for­ Thomas, came to Akron from their homes the N.A.A. gathered from all parts of the mer mark by nearly three minutes. in Buffalo, pedaling a 33 year old tandem United States, Canada and England to compete for honors and awards in the meet sponsored by the Akron Women’s N.A.A. Chapter, Akron Chamber of Com­ merce, Universal Model Airplane N ews and Akron Men’s N.A.A. Chapter. Carl Goldberg flew his indoor stick model for a world record of 22 minutes 59.4 seconds. Vernon Boehle’s outdoor stick model won the Mulvihill Trophy by flying out of sight after 15 minutes, a new record in the Mulvihill Contest. Maxwell Bassett, the only champion to repeat, again demonstrated his mastery by Dr. Theodore Troller, Contest Director, con­ gratulates Louis Casale, winner of Scale Model Contest. C. Nelson Black, at left, placed second bicycle, behind which they pulled a trailer containing their models, tools and sup­ plies. Despite plenty of hard luck on the trip, tire trouble, storms, sun, etc., they made the grade and arrived in plenty of Mary Roll, the only girl contestant, congratu­ time to take in all the meet and show Behind the firing line. Contestants ivorking lates Vernon Boehle, winner of the Mulvihill Contest the rest of the country’s model builders on their models at Akron Municipal Airport that they kneAV their models. Both did Louis Casale scored 97.8 points to win very Avell in the flying contests. Harris winning the Texaco Trophy for gasoline Avas nursing so much sunburn after the the Universal Model Airplane News powered models with a flight of 21 minutes trip that he visited the hospital for treat­ 57 seconds, establishing a new record for Trophy with his near perfect exhibition scale model of a Waco Taperwing. Mike ment. such models under the new N.A.A. rule The Ohlssons and Bill AtAvood Avere on that limits the amount of fuel which may Kostich Avon the subdivision of the ex­ hibition contest for lighter-than-air craft the road from California almost nine days be carried. and brought their oAvn camping outfit. Jim Cahill was winner of the Stout Out­ Avith his beautiful model of the U.S.S. MACON, scoring 96 points. They set up camp in most business-like door Trophy when his fuselage model flew fashion near the Guggenheim Airship In­ for the excellent time of 4 minutes 28.2 Contestants and officials declared the stitute and “Shorty” Fulton gave them seconds. This is the only type of model 1934 Meet the best ever held. Flying con­ the use of one of the vacant offices in the failing to set new records at this year’s ditions indoors and out Avere just about Airport Administration Building for meet. perfect. Plenty of records Avere estab­ their Avorkshop. Their gasoline models Herbert Greenberg Avon the Stout In­ lished. Even the Aveather set a neAv high made many successful flights in tuning up door Trophy with a flight of 19 minutes temperature record Avhen the thermometer for the meet. One of these models Avas too 04.6 seconds, a new senior record for the registered officially 100 degrees during the heavy and Goodyear engineers came to event. This same Greenberg did some day of the outdoor flying. the rescue by designing and building neAv other meritorious flying and if there were But all this is ahead of the beginning rubber tires of very light-Aveight con­ an all-around national champion, he would of the meet’s story. Contestants began to struction. have a strong claim for the 1934 title, arrive in Akron as early as Friday, June Of the 183 registrants, tabulations in­ closely tied by Vernon Boehle. 22, Avhen Bill AtAvood and Invin Ohlsson dicated that 76 Avere repeaters from the — 28— 1933 meet in New York City. There were the tanks. The beautiful model of the do with the smooth running of all ar­ also a number who missed the 1933 Meet U.S.S. MACON, built by Mike Kostich rangements. Those who know Mrs. Milar, but had attended other National Cham­ of Akron, scored 96 and was a wonderfully know that anything she undertakes will pionship Meets in previous years. complete and detailed model, undoubted­ prove completely successful. It is no ex­ A newcomer to the Nationals this year ly the finest model of a lighter-than-air aggeration to say that without Mrs. Milar, was Mary I. Roll of Dearborn, Michigan. ship ever built by a boy, far surpassing there would not have been a National Mary’s brother Michael is an oldtimer many display models built by adult ex- Championship Meet in Akron this year. and Mary herself knows plenty about She has been the hardest working Na­ models. She was the only girl to register tional Aeronautic Association official in and enter the meet as a contestant. the field ever since its formation and is at Meet Ileadciuarters was in the May­ present Vice Chairman of the N.A.A. flower Hotel where the hotel’s genial Membership Committee. Her vision has manager, C. J. Fitzpatrick, had set up long seen the wonderful value to the youth registration desks on the second floor of the country of a well conducted edu­ and a workshop in the basement. The cational program in aviation matters, and registration was expertly handled by the as a result over four hundred students in ladies of the Akron Women’s Ν.Λ.Α. Akron Schools are under N.A.A. guid­ Chapter who answered millions of ques­ ance. Truly Mrs. Milar has demonstrated tions and handed each contestant a large through her own efforts and those of her envelope that contained a volume of in­ Chapter members, that there is a definite formation, cards, badge, lunch tickets and place in model aviation as well as aero­ admission tickets to entertainment fea­ nautics generally, for women. tures. Large delegations arrived from many cities where the National Aeronautic As­ sociation has Junior Chapters. Philadel­ Lieutenant Commander George V. Whittle, phia, Boston, Newark, St. Louis and other U. S. Navy; Dr. Wolfgang Klemperer and cities were especally well represented. Mr. R. F. Kitchingman, judges of the scale models

perts. There were 27 exhibition models in the final judging. A most interested observer and official was Mr. Guy Scott, Assistant Superin­ tendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad. This was Mr. Scott’s first experience Miss Eileen Fulton, Airport Manager’s with model airplane meets, but because daughter, holding sunshade while Captain of his unusual organizing ability, the Willis C. Brown prepares Captain Bowden’s people of Akron asked him to be the English model for flight General Chairman of the Meet Manage­ ment. He lived up to his reputation and Mrs. W. W. Milar, Women’s Chapter the 1934 Meet became the most completely President and Dr. Theodore Troller, Di­ and best organized of all National Cham­ rector of the Guggenheim Airship Insti­ pionship Meets. Many committee meet­ tute who acted as Contest Director for the ings were held preparing for the occa­ sion and untold work was done to make Mrs. IV. IF. Milar and Wiley Post show keen meet, greeted the contestants and their interest in scale model accompanying parents or friends. Regis­ it such a complete success. Too much praise cannot be given Mr. Scott for his tration continued well into the night of Victor R. Fritz and Mr. Jesse Bieberman Wednesday, June 27. brought the Philadelphia group. Captain Meanwhile in the exhibition room ad­ Willis C. Brown was in charge of the joining, the scale models were on dis­ Boston party. Mr. Nathan Polk led the play, having already passed preliminary large number from Newark. Mr. Claude tests which permitted only the most per­ E. Carmichael and Mr. Η. T. Sommers fect models to enter the final judging. had a big group from St. Louis. All of Three expert judges, Dr Wolfgang these gentlemen are leaders of N.A.A. Klemperer of the Goodyear-Zeppelin junior groups. Mr. Charles II. Grant, Edi­ Corporation; Lieutenant Commander tor of Universal M odel Airplane News, George V. Whittle, U.S. Navy, and R. F. represented the magazine and was re­ Kitchingman, pilot-manager of Air Serv­ sponsible for getting several of the New ices, Inc., after much careful examina­ York delegation to the meet. To name all tion, unanimously awarded first place to the.interested and active N.A.A. workers Louis Casale, Syracuse, N. Y., marking his who attended the meet would make a detailed Waco Taperwing model 97.8 small edition of “Who’s Who in Model points of a possible 100. Second place John Stokes, new junior champion, with his Aviation.” went to C. Nelson Black, Columbus, Ohio, indoor stick model The Canadian delegation was the largest for his excellent Vought Corsair which ever. In all there were 17 entries from scored 96.1 points. The excellence of energetic management and his well chosen Canada. Mr. C. J. MacKinnon, Secre­ the scale models this year was far above appointments. tary of the Model Aircraft League of the average of former years. Casale’s The capable and energetic efforts of Canada, brought many of the Canadian model was complete even to working Mrs. W. W. Milar and her Women’s entrants from Toronto. Others flew in brakes on the wheels and gas and oil in N.A.A. Chapter also had a great deal to from Hamilton, Ontario. The entrants from Canada are always among the prize University Glee Club. This was one of the an even 100 degrees for several hours dur­ winners. Meet’s specially arranged features. ing the day. This heat did not help rubber Attending these large meets is like at­ Early Thursday morning, June 28, motors which could be heard breaking tending a class reunion. Every year brings everybody went out to the airport for the during their winding up process with the the regulars back together again to re­ outdoor flying. Dr. Troller had enlisted customary disastrous results. But those new' old friendships and exchange new the services of “Shorty” Fulton, the air­ models that succeeded in gaining ample ideas that keep the model game alive port manager, and Mr. Η. M. Jellison who altitude soon found friendly thermal cur­ throughout the nation. Occasionally one rents and many a model never returned of the oldtimers does not show up. Sev­ to earth in sight of the chasing builder eral were missing this year among whom and timers. were John Bartol, last year’s Stout Indoor It was not long before Vernon Boehle Champion, and Albert Levy, Blooming- had his single tractor model up for an out dale Contest Champion. Bartol is now a of sight flight that lasted 15 minutes. midshipman at the United States Naval When last seen the model was high in Academy and Levy is in poor health. the air and apparently climbing still Consequently those two 1933 champions higher. Nobody could equal or surpass were not able to be present to defend this flight so Boehle became the 1934 win­ their championships. ner of the Mulvihill Trophy. There were The workshop in the basement was many other flights in which the models open and bustling with activity until the went out of sight but they did not remain early hours of the morning. There were in sight as long as the winner. work benches, chairs, microfilm tanks Later in the day, Jim Cahill, a fellow and everything needed to repair or con­ member of Boehle’s Indianapolis Ν.Λ.Α. struct model airplanes. This room opened Junior Chapter, succeeded in getting his off the street and many a passerby stopped fuselage model up for the Stout Outdoor for a glimpse of the unusual sight. Contest winning flight of 4 minutes 28.2 All day Wednesday there were sight­ seconds·· and who should be pressing seeing trips that took in the Akron Mu­ Cahill for first place but Vernon Boehle nicipal Airport, Goodyear-Zeppelin Air- Jim Cahill, luinner of the Stout Outdoor dock, the various rubber factories and Contest the Guggenheim Airship Institute. These trips were in private automobiles of the acted most efficiently as the meet’s Field hospitable Akron people Λνΐιο wanted their Judge in charge of all details connected with the contests. These energetic gentle­ men had everything laid out and organ­ ized so thoroughly that the flying went ahead on schedule as soon as the light fog had lifted. Members of the Women’s Ν.Λ.Λ. Chapter acted as clerks ably di­ rected by Mr. Jellison’s expert assistants, Mrs. Jellison and Mrs. Ruth Harrington. The weighing in scales were mounted in closed light delivery trucks that kept all traces of the slight breeze out and made the weighing process easy and accurate. Dr. R. H. Holbrook was Operations Officer and in short order had all his helpers and timers on their job and the big meet was on. The large group of offi­ Maxwell Bassett, national gas engine model cials was assisted by Akron’s older Boy champion, with his “Miss Philadelphia,” toinner of the Texaco Trophy Scouts who helped out in timing and pur­ suing models. himself whose best fuselage model flight There was scarcely any wind and the was 4 minutes 10.8 seconds. sun was out to set a season’s tempera­ Meanwhile, the Akron Beacon Journal ture record. The thermometer registered was conducting a special towline-launched glider contest for Ohio contestants. This event was won by Robert File of Co­ lumbus. His glider model rode a thermal current and was lost to sight after soaring Carl Goldberg, center, tvatches his winning 23 minutes 13 seconds to a new record for model come doivn “dead stick” to set a new weighted model gliders. This record so far world record of 22 minutes 59.4 seconds surpasses the former record that it is in a class by itself, the former record being visitors to see their city and its activities. less than two minutes. Wednesday evening after the scale It was after lunch before the gasoline models had been finally judged, many of powered models began to perform satis­ the contestants and their friends attended factorily in the Texaco Contest. There an excellent variety show' in Central High were nineteen contestants with gasoline School auditorium put on by the best of Herbert Greenberg, winner of the Stout powered models, the largest number to Akron’s own talent, including the Akron Indoor Contest, and his winning model ever assemble in one contest. Many of the

— 30— fellows had more than one model so that land for the Moffett International Con­ ample, in tbe Mulvihill Contest, Robert there were in all 26 gas engine models in test, but that of Mr. P. Date was so badly Nevin placed second with a flight of 12 the 1934 meet. Unfortunately, only eight crushed in shipping that it could not be minutes 45 seconds when his model went succeeded in making an official flight as flown. The four other British models were out of sight. With a little better fortune, some of the models were damaged in flown by proxy as the owners could not this flight might have been the winner. practice flights and some had engine accompany their models to America. The It has already been pointed out how trouble. Maxwell Bassett’s “Miss Phil- four proxies were: Captain Willis C. closely Boehle ivas pressing Cahill in the delphia” finally got away for an excellent Brown, Mr. Charles H. Grant, Mr. Victor Stout Outdoor Contest. Robert Huddle­ flight of 21 minutes 57 seconds carrying R. Fritz, and Mr. B. P. Pond. The British ston placed second in the Moffett Interna­ only 1% ounces of fuel in accordance with models were all beautifully made and tional Contest with a good 2 minutes 28 the Ν.Λ.Λ. new limited fuel allowance strong, steady flyers, but the general seconds, only 14 seconds behind Schmidt. rule. Bassett’s chief competitor was Joe opinion was that their propellers were of It is of particular interest to note that Kovel who succeeded in getting 14 min­ insufficient diameter. The highest place those three, Boehle, Huddleston and Ca­ utes 02 seconds with his second best won by a foreign model was sixth place hill are all from Indianapolis. There must model. Kovel’s best one had been damaged by .1. W. Kenworthy of England, whose be something in the secrets of the Indian­ beyond repair earlier in the day when it best time was 1 minute 29.4 seconds. apolis N.A.A. Junior Chapter that insures landed in front of a moving automobile. The American proxy flyers were not success in outdoor model flying. Every As usual the tiny gasoline engines drew sparing in their efforts to help the Eng­ year the flyers from that city make win­ the crowd when their noisy exhaust an­ lish entries win. They did their best and ning flights. nounced that one was about to take off. put everything they had into the task. At noon, time was taken out for the With a little more luck one of the British lunch that was furnished to all contestants models might have been caught in ascend­ ing air currents and won the contest. The contestants were arranged in

Robert File, ivhose toioline launched model Emmanuel Enderlein, about to launch his Marvin Schmidt, with his model that ivon the glider set a world record of 23 minutes 13 indoor fuselage model, winner of the Bloom- Rear Admiral William A. Moffett Memorial seconds ingdale Trophy Trophy by the Akron sponsors of the meet and groups of fifteen with four officials han­ Finally, at six o’clock, the outdoor served by the ladies of the Women’s dling each group. One group was set aside events came to an end. The day had been Chapter. Everyone was so interested in for the open age class contestants who so thirst provoking that a check up on the the flying that not much time was used for numbered seventeen altogether in all the water consumption revealed that 75 bot­ eating. The contestants all felt that such various events. Considering that this is the tles of five gallons each of water had been excellent flying conditions were too good first time in recent years that the older fel­ consumed and the soda water stand had to miss. lows have had an opportunity to compete handled five truckloads of bottled soda Until 2:30 the American and Canadian in a National Meet, it is indicative of the water. There was an abundance of sun­ entrants in the Moffett International Con­ considerable interest among the older burn and dark tanned complexion as a test were trying to qualify for the finals. group of model builders and flyers. In result of the day’s exposure. There were 84 American and 12 Canadian the outdoor contests, the older class did All day the public address system in­ contestants in the Moffett Contest elimi­ not fare so well, failing to set any out­ stalled on the field was busily announc­ nations. Of these, six Americans and five standing marks for duration flying. It ing the new records, calling for lost Canadians qualified for the finals in which seems that they need more flying practice officials, strayed contestants, playing there were also four entries from England. which the new Ν.Λ.Α. rules will provide “canned” music and otherwise making The winner of the final was Marvin in allowing them to compete in sanctioned itself useful and entertaining. During the Schmidt who made a flight of 2 minutes meets. day several persons of prominence made 42 seconds. His best qualifying flight was short addresses to the crowd of several 6 minutes 06 seconds. This was also the Competition was close throughout the thousand. One of these speakers was best flight made by a rubber powered day. Nobody was sure who would be the Mr. C. W. Seiberling, famous in the fuselage model in the whole day of flying. ultimate winners as there were always rubber manufacturing world, who is an Five models were received from Eng­ good flights being recorded. As an ex­ ardent model airplane enthusiast. Mr. Frank Hackett, N.A.A. Governor for Ohio wires, or other obstructions. But even While an excellent dinner was being was present on the field the whole day with this tremendous height, many models served, musical entertainment was pro­ and was a most interested observer and reached the girders at the top. vided by a talented orchestra and the official. There was not much of excitement in Alumni Singers of Akron Central High With the sun setting, the airport be­ the indoor flying until about eleven School. came once more its usual self as the model o'clock, when John Stokes, a lad of thir­ Mr. C. W. Seiberling acted as toast­ flyers trouped back to the city to prepare teen, flew his indoor stick model for a master and was well received by the boys. for the next day’s indoor flying. Most of new junior record of 17 minutes 03 sec­ Seated at the speakers’ table were Mrs. the contestants were driven back in pri­ onds. He had set a new junior record only Milar, Wiley and Mrs. Post, Jimmy and vate cars but those who were not so lucky, a few days before in Philadelphia which Mrs. Doolittle, Akron’s Mayor, Hon. I. S. made the return trip in busses. “Shorty” was considerably less than this new 17 Myers, Congressman Dow W. Harter, Mr. Fulton enjoyed the day so much that he minute record. After letting his rubber and Mrs. Frank Hackett, Charles H. is already stirring up another outdoor motor expand a short while, Stokes made Grant, Phil Henderson, Manager of the meet for his beloved airport. Akron is another flight, this time setting a new Cleveland National Air Races, Mr. and indeed fortunate to have such a hustling world record of 18 minutes 19 seconds. It Mrs. Η. M. Jellison who had so success­ manager. began to look as though the 1934 indoor fully carried out the mechanical and After all the contestants had left the champion would be a junior. However, in clerical arrangements of the meet, Mrs. field, the administration tent was taken the afternoon, Carl Goldberg, after only .T. H. Renick, Akron Chairman of Ν.Λ.Α. down and the clerical staff with its mass one practice flight, flew his stick model junior activities, Howard F. Rough, U.S. of records went into executive session for a new amazing world record of 22 Aeronautic Supervisor for Ohio, George in the Mayflower, working far into the minutes 59.4 seconds. Carl took only one H. Meyers, President, Akron Chamber of night to record the flights and determine official flight feeling that his new record Commerce, Miss Frances Alexander, the winners and placing positions of those would stand. However, being in the open Akron Secretary of N.A.A. junior activi­ who did not win. age class, Goldberg could not be the win­ ties, Mr. Guy Scott, Dr. Theodore Troller For evening entertainment Thursday, ner of the Stout Indoor Trophy. It re­ and others. all contestants, their parents and friends mained for Herbert Greenberg to win the Representing the National Aeronautic were admitted to the Akron Armory to trophy with an excellent flight of 19 Association, Lieutenant II. W. Alden witness the wrestling matches. Some very minutes 04.6 seconds. Altogether six con­ awarded the trophies and other prizes. fast action wrestling was served out and testants beat the 1933 record for indoor Altogether there were 155 awards, in­ the hoys were enthusiastic in their voiced stick models. John Stokes tried again, cluding cups, trophies, medals, binoculars, approval of this sort of entertainment. using his last official flight, and made stop watches, barometers, magazine sub­ After the wrestling most of the con­ 18 minutes 53.4 seconds for a new junior scriptions, books and other items. When testants stayed up into the early morning record. the final award had been made, the 1934 getting their indoor models in shape for The Bloomingdale Contest for indoor National Championship Model Airplane the Stout Indoor and Bloomingdale Con­ fuselage models produced a closely con­ Meet was officially at an end and Akron tests. It was demonstrated that these tested event. Emmanuel Enderlein won had won a host of friends from among delicate microfilm models could be trans­ the Bloomingdale Trophy when his model the nation’s model aviators. ported safely as several contestants set the new world record of 13 minutes Besides the four major sponsors the fol­ brought their models, fully covered, more 24 seconds. He was very closely pressed lowing are deserving of appreciation: than 500 miles without damage, but many by John Young whose model did 13 Goodyear-Zeppelin Corporation for the of the fellows wanted to be sure and minutes 15 seconds. A junior, Hyman Os- use of the Dock; Whitfield Paper Works waited until the night before the indoor lick, placed third with 12 minutes 59.4 for Whitfield Trophy; Bloomingdale contests to apply the microfilm. They seconds setting a new junior record. As Brothers, donors of Bloomingdale Tro­ had some fine looking models for indoor the indoor flying time limit arrived. Her­ phy; The Balsa Wood Company, don­ flying, almost without exception all were bert Greenberg was attempting to get his ors of Admiral MofTett Memorial Tro covered with microfilm. Only one paper model wound up for one more flight, as phy; The Texas Company, donors of covered wing was observed. though he had not already won enough. Texaco Trophy; Mr. William B. Stout, The indoor contests were held in the As it was, he placed fourth. donor of Stout Trophies; Comet Model Goodyear-Zeppelin Airdock, which had As on the day before, the Akron ladies Airplane Company, who awarded the very kindly been turned over to the man­ served lunches to all in the Airdock. Again Comet Trophy; Mr. Ernest A. Walen, agement of the meet by the Goodyear the fellows did not lake much time out donor of Springfield Trophy; Scientific Company. Because there was so much for eating, being too intent on flying in American for three yearly subscriptions; highly valuable material stored in the the world’s best structure for indoor and many others too numerous to men­ Dock, it was stipulated that only con­ models. tion. Without the wholehearted co-opera­ testants and officials to run the indoor con­ At six o’clock the dock had to be va­ tion of many people, such an event as the tests were to be permitted to enter dur­ cated and all the flyers went back to the 1934 Meet would not be possible. ing the day. This caused some of the city to join their comrades who had re­ boys much disappointment, but all those turned from their outing. The next event RESULTS OF 1934 NATIONAL who could not be admitted, with their on the program was the much anticipated CHAMPIONSHIP MEET parents and friends were taken out into banquet and everybody wanted to hear the the country for a wonderful day’s outing speakers, see the famous personages, and MULYIHILL CONTEST at one of the largest Boy Scout Camps in receive their awards. For Outdoor Slick Models the United States. Promptly at seven forty-five those at 1. Vernon Boehle, 19, Indianapolis, 15 min­ utes. (New Mulvihill record) The Dock came up to the expectations the speakers table were seated. The ban­ 2. Robert S. Nevin, IS, Cleveland, 12 min­ of the contestants. A large space had been quet was in the Mayflower’s beautiful utes 45 seconds. 3. F red S kafec, 15, A kron, S m in u te s 21.G cleared for the flying and there were no ball room and over 400 were there. Every seconds. 4. Herbert Greenberpr, IS, Newark, N. J., appreciable air currents to cause models table had as hostess, one of the ladies of 7 minutes 24 seconds. to drift, once the sun had reached an the Women’s Chapter. The room was beau­ 5. R obert H u d d lesto n , 17, In d ian ap o lis, 4 minutes 49.2 seconds. altitude sufficient to warm the whole roof. tifully decorated and very colorful. Due G. Leslie Adams, 17, Peru, Indiana, 4 min­ There was a clear vertical space of 180 to unusually warm weather, the gentle­ utes 0G seconds. 7. Albert Courtial, 17, St. Louis, 4 minutes feet, completely free from hanging lights, men were permitted to remove their coats. 02.4 seconds. 8. B runo M archi, IS, Medford, Mass., 3 9. L. A. Wood, England, 1 minute 05 sec­ 15. P a u l E n g le h a rt, 16, P elh am M anor, N . minutes 49.2 seconds. onds. Y., 3 minutes 06.6 seconds. 9. R ussell Y ungbluth, 17, St. L ouis, 3 m in ­ 10. S. E. Capps, England, 52.2 seconds. 16. R ay m o n d S te in b a c h e r, 13, Ridgefield, utes 4(1.3 seconds. 11. Ernest Houslander, Hamilton, Ontario, N. J., 3 minutes 05 seconds. 10. Jo h n F re em an , 16, In d ian ap o lis, 3 m in ­ 50.4 seconds. 17. Jo h n M alloy, 20, C olum bus, O hio, 2 m in ­ u tes 28.8 seconds. 12. Harry Burrows, Toronto, Ontario, 44.4 utes 29.4 seconds. 11. R alph K u m m er, 18, S t. L ouis, 3 m in u te s seconds. 16 seconds. In the Moffett Contest, Mr. B. P. Pond EXHIBITION SCALE MODEL 12. E d w ard B ooth, 20, H am ilto n , O n tario , flew Mr. Kenworthy’s model by proxy; 3 minutes 12 seconds. Captain Willis C. Brown was proxy for CONTEST 13. Jo h n M alloy, 20, C olum bus, O hio, 2 m in ­ Captain Bowden; Air. Victor R. Fritz Heavier-Tlian-Air Division u tes 59.4 seconds. was proxy for Mr. Wood, and Mr. 14. M ary I. Roll, 18, D earb o rn , M ichigan, Charles H. Grant was proxy for Mr. 1. Louis Casale, Syracuse, N. Y., Waco 2 m in u tes 47.4 seconds. C apps. T a p erw in g , 97.8. 15. P au l M ignard, 19, C leveland, 2 m in u tes 2. C. Nelson Black, Columbus, Ohio, 39 seconds. TEXACO CONTEST Vought Corsair, 96.1. 16. Eli Ross, 16, C olum bus, O hio, 2 m in u te s 3. Carlyle B. Linskie, Dallas, Texas, Pit­ 38 seconds. For Gasoline Potvered Models ca irn A u to g iro , 93. 17. H a rry E d sall, 20, M arion, O hio, 2 m in ­ 1. M axw ell B. B a sse tt, 19, P h ilad elp h ia, 4. Earl E. Brinning, Detroit, Stinson Re­ u tes 36 seconds. 21 minutes 57 seconds. (New record). liant, 92.3. 18. Daniel J. Clini, Springfield, Mass., 2 2. Joseph Kovel, 19, Brooklyn, 14 minutes 5. Thad S. McCulloch, Crawfordsville, In­ m in u tes 36 seconds. 02 seconds. diana, Boeing P-12-C, 91.4. 19. Ja m e s A. Z im m er, 15, S y ra cu se, N . Y., 3. Jo sep h R. B rau n , 18, P h ilad elp h ia, 8 6. Kenneth Diget, Battle Creek, Mich., 2 minutes 36 seconds. minutes 26.5 seconds. M onocoupe, 91. 20. A u g u st R uggeri, 18, N ew Y ork C ity, 2 4. Robert Long, 17, Reading, Pa., 3 min­ 7. Kenneth Bonesteel, Cuyahoga Falls, m in u tes 33 seconds. utes 33 seconds. Ohio, C u rtis s F II C-2, 87.1. 21. William Robinson, 16, Cleveland, 2 min­ 5. E m anuel R adoff, 19, N ew ark , N . J ., 1 S. Earl F. Maxwell, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, u te s 28.8 seconds. m in u te 40 seconds. P u s s M oth, 86.9. 22. Clarence Wilkinson, 20, Akron, 2 min­ 6. Irw in O hlsson, 20, L os A ngeles, 36 se c­ 9. Branson L. St. John, Winnipeg, Canada, u tes 27.6 seconds. onds. C F-10L, S6.6. 23. H arold Selnvede, 19, L akew ood, O hio, 2 7. Harold C. Mitchell, 18, Everett, Mass., 10. Joseph F. Seidenwand, Cleveland, Spad minutes 27.4 seconds. 33 seconds. X III Cl, 84.5. 24. Gordon S. Light, 18, Lebanon, Pa., 2 11. Max Sokol, I-Iamtramck, Michigan, 84. minutes 27 secohds. STOUT CONTEST 12. Harmon W. Thomas, Bradford, Pa., 25. Gerald Ritzenthaler, 18, Prairie View, Waco C, 82. Illinois, 2 minutes 27 seconds. For Indoor Stick Models 13. Michael Holly, Chicago, Boeing P-12-B, 1. H e rb e rt G reenberg, 18, N ew ark , N. J., 81.5. STOUT CONTEST 19 minutes 04.6 seconds. (New Stout 14. Jack TTerget, Akron, Boeing F4B3, 80.5. Indoor Record). 15. Fred Mayfield, Jr., Akron, Bird Biplane, For Outdoor Fuselage R.O.G. 2. .John S. S tokes, J r., 13, H u n tin g d o n V a l­ 79.2. ley, Pa., 18 minutes 53.4 seconds. (New 16. John Holly, Chicago, Stinson Detroiter, Models junior record). 77.7. 1. Ja m e s C ahill, 16, In d ian ap o lis, 4 m in u te s 3. Emmanuel Enderlein, 20, Philadelphia, 17. Dale DeBowman, Columbus, Boeing 28.2 seconds. IS minutes 42 seconds. F4B4, 77.5. 2. V ernon Boelile, 19, In d ian ap o lis, 4 m in ­ 4. William Sherwood, 16, Tyrone, Pa., 18 IS. Fred McClure, Akron, Curtiss P6E, 77.4. u tes 10.8 seconds. minutes 30.6 seconds. 19. Ralph Grimming, Northfield, Ohio, three 3. Lawrence Smithline, 17, New York City, 5. Ralph Kummer, IS, St. Louis, 17 min­ models, honorable mention. 3 minutes 46.S seconds. utes 49.S seconds. 4. Ju liu s T ak aes, 19, C leveland, 3 m in u te s 6. H a rry B u rro w s, 18, T oronto, O ntario, Lighter-Than-Air Division 27 seconds. 17 minutes 14.2 seconds. (New Canadian 1. Mike Kostich, Akron, U.S.S. MACON, 5. G eorge J a r r e tt, 16, D ay to n , O hio, 3 m in ­ reco rd ). 96. u tes 10.2 seconds. 7. R o b e rt P ek elsm a , 20, C hicago, 16 m in ­ 2. Max Lubchuk, Now York City. 6. Harold Mitchell, 18, Everett, Mass., 3 u te s 52.2 seconds. 3. August Ruggeri. New York City. m in u tes 02.4 seconds. 8. Robert Wilde, 17, Philadelphia, 16 min­ 7. C h e ster L anzo, 19, C leveland, 2 m in u tes u tes 17.1 seconds. 54 seconds. 9. Bruno Marchi, IS, Medford, Mass., 16 OPEN CLASS CONTESTS FOR 8. H arold R. S in clair, 20, C hicago, 2 m in ­ m in u tes 00 seconds. CONTESTANTS 21 AND OVER u tes 53.4 seconds. 10. E. Carlton Harris, 17, Buffalo, 15 min­ 9. D aniel J. Clini, 17, S pringfield, M ass., u te s 00 seconds. 2 minutes 33 seconds. 11. Harold Mitchell, 18, Everett, Mass., 14 INDOOR STICK MODEL 10. A lb ert C o u rtial, 17, S t. L ouis, 2 m in u te s minutes 54 seconds. 32 seconds. 12. W ilb u r T y ler, 17, E v e re tt, M ass., 14 CONTEST 11. F ra n k K iew icz, 17, D e tro it, 2 m in u te s minutes 09 seconds. (Springfield Trophy) 30 seconds. 13. George W aite, 16, Philadelphia, 13 inm­ 12. Robert Cahill, 19, Indianapolis, 2 min­ ates 59 seconds. 1. Carl Goldberg-, Madison, Wisconsin, 22 u tes 16.S seconds. 14. L a\vrence S m ithline, 17, N ew Y ork C ity, minutes 59.4 seconds. (New world rec­ 13. R ussell Y u n g b lu th , 17, S t. L ouis, 2 m in ­ 13 minutes IS seconds. o rd ). u tes 13.8 seconds. 15. George Schweigart, 19, National Park, 2. Ernest A. Walen, Springfield, Mass., 15 14. H arold Schw ede, 19, L akew ood, Ohio, N. J., 13 minutes 23 seconds. m in u te s 20.4 seconds. 2 minutes 07.S seconds. 16. Jo h n H aw , 18, P h ilad elp h ia, 13 m in u tes 3. Donald Lockwood, Chicago, 14 minutes 15. Charles Thomas, 17, Buffalo, 2 minutes 19.5 seconds. 34.2 seconds. 03 seconds. 17. R ussell Y u n g b lu th , 17, St. L ouis, 13 4. William Atwood, Riverside, California, 16. H a rry E dsall, 20, M ario n , O hio, 2 m in ­ m in u tes 14.4 seconds. 12 minutes 51 seconds. u tes 02.6 seconds. 18. Jo sep h K ovel, 19, B rooklyn, 13 m in u te s 5. Jesse Bieberman, Philadelphia, 12 min­ 17. G arland E ic k m e y er, 17, F t. W ay n e, I n ­ 12 seconds. u te s 30 seconds. diana, 2 minutes 00 seconds. 19. F ra n k K iew icz, 17, D e tro it, 13 m in u tes 6. Frank Zaic, New York City, 11 minutes 18. Jo h n F re e m a n , 16, In d ian ap o lis, 1 m in ­ 06 seconds. 54 seconds. u te 49.2 seconds. 20. Peter Andrews, 20, Philadelphia, 13 min­ 19. R o b ert H u d d lesto n , 17, In d ian ap o lis, 1 u te s 02.4 seconds. INDOOR FUSELAGE MODEL m in u te 49.2 seconds. 21. W illiam B e rn stein , 18, Y oungstow n, CONTEST 20. Gordon S. Light, IS, Lebanon, Pa., 1 Ohio, 12 minutes 45 seconds. m inute 46.8 seconds. (Akron Trophy) 21. D onald M ertens, 14, E rie , P a ., 1 m in u te BLOOMINGDALE CONTEST 1. Jesse Bieberman, Philadelphia, 6 min­ 44 seconds. utes 31.2 seconds. 22. John M alloy, 20, C olum bus, Ohio, 1 m in ­ For Indoor Fuselage R.O.G. ute 40 seconds. OUTDOOR STICK MODEL 23. Dale D eB ow m an, 17, C olum bus, O hio, M od els 1 minute 40 seconds. 1. E m m an u e l E n d erlein , 20, P h ilad elp h ia, CONTEST 24. Joe I-Iervat, 18, K en o sh a, W isco n sin , 1 13 minutes 24 seconds. (World record). m in u te 18 seconds. 2. Jo h n Y oung, 19, N ew Y ork C ity, 13 m in ­ (Balfour Trophy) 25. A u gust R uggeri, 18, N ew Y ork C ity, 1 u te s 15 seconds. 1. William Atwood, Riverside, California, m in u te 17.2 seconds. 3. Hyman Oslick, 14, Philadelphia, 12 min­ 1 minute 30 seconds. utes 59.4 seconds. (New junior record). 2. Frank Zaic, New York City, 1 minute MOFFETT INTERNATIONAL 4. Herbert Greenberg, IS, Newark, N. J., 27 seconds. 12 minutes 23.5 seconds. 3. Ernest A. Walen, Springfield, Mass., 1 CONTEST 5. Jo h n S. S tokes, J r ., 13, H u n tin g d o n V a l­ m in u te 03 seconds. For Outdoor Fuselage R.O.G. ley, Pa., 10 minutes 55.8 seconds. 4. Donald Lockwood, Chicago, 1 minute 6. Vernon Boehle, 19, Indianapolis, 8 min­ 00 seconds. Models u te s 52.2 seconds. 5. Louis Rein, Mansfield, Ohio, 51 seconds. 1. Marvin Schmidt, Maplewood, Missouri, 7. Ralph Kummer, IS, St. Louis, 8 minutes 2 minutes 42 seconds. 45 seconds. OUTDOOR FUSELAGE MODEL 2. Robert Huddleston, Indianapolis, 2 min­ S. T h o m a s W . D onohugli, 19, N atio n al CONTEST utes 28 seconds. Park, N. J., 8 minutes 45 seconds. 3. George Macltie, Chicago, 2 minutes 02 9. A lb ert C o u rtial, 17, St. L ouis, 8 m in u tes (Akron Trophy) seconds. 12 seconds. 1. William Atwood, Riverside, California, 4. Russell Yungbluth, St. Louis, 1 minute 10. Harold Mitchell, IS, Everett, Mass., 7 2 minutes 27 seconds. 52 seconds. minutes 43.8 seconds. 2. Frank Zaic, New York City, 58.2 seconds 5. R alph K um m er, St. L ouis, 1 m in u te 45.6 11. William Campbell, 19, Toronto, Ontario, 3. C arl G oldberg, M adison, W isco n sin , 55.2 seconds. 6 minutes 50 seconds. seconds. 6. J'. W . K en w o rtliy , E n g la n d , 1 m in u te 12. G eorge W a ite , 16, P h ilad elp h ia, 4 m in ­ 29.4 seconds. u te s 42 seconds. GASOLINE MODEL CONTEST 7. Wallace Simmers, New Lenox, Illinois, 13. L aw re n ce S m ithline, 17, N ew Y ork C ity, 1 m in u te 22.7 seconds. 4 minutes 13 seconds. (Comet Trophy) 8. Captain C. E. Bowden, England, 1 min­ 14. P a u l F o rd , 18, C olum bus, Ohio, 3 m in ­ 1. Carl V. Carlson, Chicago, 6 minutes ute 12 seconds. u te s 40.8 seconds. 4S.5 seconds. — 33— Here Is the Junior Record Baby R»O.G.

T h is ship was designed and built 2 bamboo axle ends 1/100 by Hyman Oslick, 14 years old, Data and Plans W hich Will Enable square x 1/4. who lives at 2644 South Darien 2 wheels — 2 celluloid rims Street, Philadelphia, Pa. He is a You to Build a Winning Model 1/32x1-3/4. member of the Condor Chapter of 2 spokes 1/64 square x 1/2. the Philadelphia Model Airplane Association. By VICTOR R. FRITZ W ing— On March 17th, 1934, at the sixth in­ Field Director, P.M.A.A. 2 left spars 1/64x3/64 tapered to door P.M.A.A, meet, he flew this ship for 1/64x1/32x8-1/4. 9 minutes, 11 seconds, establishing a new N.A.A. record, Junior class “A” R.O.G. 2 right spars 1/64x3/64 tapered to E m pen n a g e— A glance at the official national records 1/64x1/32x7-7/8. will show you that this is not Hyman 1 tail boom 1/32x3/32 tapered to 9 ribs a’l 1/64x1/32 x length. They Oslick’s first N.A.A. record. Here it is 1/32x1/32x5-1/2. are as follows : for you to build. 2 stabilizer spars 1/64x1/32x6-1/2. 1 rudder outline 1/64x1/32x5-3/8. 2—R1 = 2-31/32, 1—R2 = 2-25/32, Bill of Material 1 rudder rib 1/64x1/32x2. R3 = 2-7/32, R4 = 1-9/32, R5 = All measurements are in inches. All ma­ 1 rudder brace 1/64x1/64x1. 11/32, R6 = 2-23/32, R7 = 2-1/4, terial balsa wood unless otherwise speci­ R8 = 1-14, R9 = 9/32. fied. L anding gear— 4 wing braces 1/64x1/64x3/4 (placed F uselage— 2 struts 3/64x1/32 at top tapered to at 45 degrees). 1 motor stick 1/64x7/16 ends 9/16 3/128x1/32 at bottom x 4-1/4. center x 8-1/16. 2 bearing supports 1/64x1/32x3/32. 1 horn 1/64x1/64x1. (Assists keep­ 1 nose cap 1/64x1/8x1/4. 2 thread bearings 3/16 inches long. ing ship off light fixtures). 1 tail cap 1/64x1/8x3/16. 1 axle center 1/64 square x 2-7/8. 1 horn brace 1/64x1/64x5/16.

— 34— UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS ----- '{ r_pJ - T - 4 3 5

M e t a l f it t in g s — Propeller shaft, “S” hook, rear hook T ropical I ntroduces and wing clips .010 music wire. Thrust bearing .014 music wire. Propeller block 19/32x31/32x8. In Kit Form for the FIRST Time, the Bearing— one glass bead. Rubber motor— 1 loop 1/30x1/32x19. Cement, microfilm and rubber cement. S P A R T A N € - 2 - 6 0 Incidence 1/16 inch. See drawing rear wing clip. Weight .0161 oz. The model at the present time is a part of the P.M.A.A. exhibit in the Aviation Section of the world famous “Franklin Institute” in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Curtiss Pursuit U. S. Army Air Corps PW-8 ( Continued from -page 26) plane was first designed in 1922. This plane may be considered the forerunner of the modern pursuit equipment pos­ sessed by the Army Air Corps of the present day. As a matter of fact this plane could hold its own with subsequent im­ proved pursuit planes on a basis of the same wing and power loading. This is an exact %" to 1 foot flying scale model designed with Tropical accuracy These planes were originally assigned and completeness from the true airplane. Span 25"; Length 14-13/16"; Weight to the 94th Squadron of the First Pur­ 1.5 oz.; Color yellow and black. During the test flights, this model consistently flew 250 feet and climbed to 30 feet, from a standing start. Inherent stability suit Group and made a trans-continental and remarkable speed, combined with real beauty mark this as the greatest formation flight, nearly two squadrons of fuselage model ever offered. them, across the United States to Crissy THIS KIT CONTAINS: Full size plans with printed instructions, clearly printed Field, San Francisco. This flight was one balsa, 1 oz. dope, 1 oz. cement, colored Jap tissue, center drilled prop block, of the early group flights ever successfully turned balsa air-wheels, formed wire fittings, washers, eyelet, balsa strips, wax accomplished with military planes at that paper, sand paper. time. The plane carries 200 rounds of 50 calibre ammunition and 600 rounds of 30 A S p e cia l calibre ammunition. The gas tank is crash­ proof. The horizontal stabilizer is adjust­ 12"Flying Model able and night flying equipment is stand­ ard. The wings are covered with plywood Many features which are exclusive­ with multiple spars and ribs. This type ly Tropical are offered in this su­ decreases the damage from gunfire. The perb flying model. Also minutely wing radiators are of brass and were the detailed plans and instructions, only thing that did not bear up well under generous supplies of dope and ce­ service requirements. The large area ex­ ment, colored dope and tissue, posed to gunfire and leakage heralded the turned wheels, drilled prop block, advent of the tunnel radiator with its bet­ formed wire fittings, balsa strips, ter cooling ability and less area of vul­ nerability to gunfire. This feature was in­ insignias, wax paper and sand corporated in subsequent modifications of paper. the PW-8 and finally terminating the de­ velopment in the Curtiss Hawk P-1. The 12"- 35c pp. landing gear was of unusual design, in that the axle was done away with and the FLYING MORELS wheels carried on steel streamlined tripods These kits are complete and carry and sprung with rubber discs in compres­ the Tropical guarantee. sion. This was new and novel. FX-1—Pfalz FX-6—Waco A The engine was either the low com­ Scout FX-7—Eagle- pression D-12 or the high compression FX-2—Camel rock model of 460 h. p. Another feature was FX-3—Stinson-R Bullet the means of bringing the oil up to oper­ FX-4—SE-5 FX-8—Stear- ating temperature quickly, thus enabling FX-5—Fokker D-7 man-81 quick take off and less warming up. It is Full size plans, printed balsa, dope, ce­ well to note that this plane was exception­ ment, colored Jap tissue, prop block, ally well streamlined. formed wire fittings, turned wheels, in­ At the time of its inception, this air­ signias. craft was of vastly better design than Eu­ o p p our ad next niontli describing: the Curtiss Sparrowhawk. Λ finely detailed 1" to the ropean contemporaries and aerodynami- oU Fi foot flying scale model. cally gave the Army Air Corps a marked We mail orders 2 lionrs after receiving them !!! superiority. Unfortunately, this lead has DEALERS: Write for our attractive proposition on your letterhead. not been kept. The PW-8 was initially Send 3c stamp for new illustrated catalog. Please do not send cash. Money orders only to developed by the Curtiss Company at their own expense and submitted to trial by the TROPICAL MODEL AIRPLANE CO. U. S. Government, which promptly ac­ 131 N. E. 1st Street, Miami, Florida cepted this plane. Μ ANY of the questions that we have to to give the vanes a negative angle to the from a stick or spoon. It should not thread answer this month show that our model plane of rotation in order that they would or gum. When it is ready, apply the glue building friends are developing original revolve. The cause of this is mainly the to the surface with a brush, allowing the lines of thought. fact that the airfoil section is so inef­ surplus glue to be wiped off by the brush Walter Brewer Jr., of Framingham, ficient that a large negative angle to the stroke. When this is done, set aside until Mass., R. F. D. 2, has been thinking about plane of rotation is necessary to cause a it is thoroughly dried. Then sand it very building an autogiro powered with a gaso­ driving force for the rotor. If your airfoil lightly with fine sandpaper, merely line engine. That is quite an idea and we sections of the vanes are made carefully, smoothing the surface without sanding have never heard of it being done before. you should be able to use zero angle or away the glue itself. When varnish or The questions which he asks have no a very small negative angle; this negative lacquer is applied to wood treated in this precedent and cannot be answered ac­ angle being figured from the plane of manner, it will give a very fine glossy curately and positively unless someone has rotation. surface. built such a ship. However, we can give It will be interesting indeed, to know Question: IIow is it possible to bend a Brewer approximate answers which will how Brewer progresses with his experi- metal tube around the nose of an airplane probably help him to start his work. After •ments and we hope that he will keep us without denting it? a little experimentation he will be able to informed regarding them. Answer: The best system we know is know exactly what should be done. The Some more questions come from John to fill the tube with solder first. Let the questions are as follows: Cairney of 602 Belgrove Drive, Arling­ melted solder fill the tube completely and Question: Do you think it would be ad­ ton, New Jersey. He has been having quite then bend the tube around some instru­ visable to make an autogiro model pow­ a little trouble doping the wooden sur­ ment of the proper radius or form. After ered with a gas motor? faces of models. He says that the dope this is completed, melt out the solder. Answer: Yes, we believe it would be does not cover the surfaces as it should. We have some questions from Harleth possible providing the span of the rotor It covers some places of wood and leaves G. Wiley of Crozet, Virginia. His first were at least ten feet. other places almost entirely bare. What question would appear to belong to the Question: If possible what would be is the cause of this and how can it be cloak and suit industry. However, we be­ the total vane area of such a model? corrected ? lieve he must be speaking aeronautically Answer: Each vane should have about Answer: The cause of this is that the in asking these questions. two square feet. There should be three wood is porous in some places and not in Question: What are the advantages of or four vanes. others. Where it is porous, the dope sinks “half pants” ? Question: Should the vanes be set at a into the wood and does not cover it. The Answer: “ Half pants” streamline the positive or negative angle? best method to use in sizing wooden sur­ wheel to a reasonable degree and yet al­ Answer: In the regular full size auto­ faces, especially that of balsa, is to use a low the wheel to be taken off when it is giro, the vanes are set at an angle which thin solution of hot glue, as follotvs: necessary to service it. is slightly positive to the plane of rotation Get the regular granular glue, mix Question: What is the best position of and 5° to 10° positive to the direction of it with a little water and let it come to a the wing on a speed plane? flight when the vane is in a position paral­ boil, stirring it and making sure it is thor­ Answer: Insomuch as the word “posi­ lel to the lateral axis and traveling for­ oughly mixed while heating. The solution tion” means the location of one thing rela­ ward. In a model it has been necessary should be quite thin so that it drops readily tive to another, we cannot tell exactly what

Here is a picture of the Navy’s latest mys­ tery fighter, the FF-1. The plane is said to be the very last word in fighting equipment; a two-place job with a metal monocoque fuselage and wings of fabric over a metal structure. The tail assembly is all metal. The landing gear is drawn up into a special recess in the fuselage during flight. The cockpits for pilot and gun­ ner are placed in tandem and arc covered by a transparent, streamlined “coupe” top. While all performance data on the ship is regarded as a secret of war, it is reliably reported to have a speed of 215 miles per hour. Power is furnished by a Wright C yclone engine of 600 horse­ power with a Towncnd low drag ring. Prob­ ably the most complete radio equipment ever carried aboard a fighting plane is installed. Note the antenna extending from the tail to each wing tip. The first squadron of these ships went into active service on June 15th, with VS squadron 3B, based aboard the U.S.S. Lexington.

— 36— UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS v------Se p t e m b e r 3 7

Wiley means from this question. Does he Army Air Corps, considering dependabil­ SUPPLIES AND mean position relative to the center of ity, range, speed, etc. ? Of the Navy ? ACCESSORIES gravity, position relative to the tail, a Answer: There are so many standpoints When you need model airplane acces­ sories, think of SELLEY. Your require­ high-wing, a low-wing, or just what does of performance in determining accurately ments taken care of on 2d hours' notice. Try us. he mean? We would like to be able to the best plane from this standpoint, that New Guns Die Cast answer this question intelligently, but re­ at best it would be a mere guess or opin­ W IT H RING frain from doing it until further details ion. In the Army, we believe the Curtiss MOUNT IV*" long 1$ 25c regarding his exact meaning are avail­ Hawk is the best one from this standpoint 1 % " long A 30c Bombs and able. We suggest he write to us and ex­ and in the Navy, the Vought Corsair SWIVEL TYPE GUNS C plain what he has in mind. would fill this position. 2" Double Question: Why did not Jimmy Wedell’s Question·. What is the best type of fly­ Action ..1 5 c PURSUIT TYPE plane have a retractable landing gear? ing model; parasol, monoplane, mid-wing, GUNS D low-wing or biplane? long .. . , , 5c Answer: Evidently Jimmy Wedell felt 1" long .. that the type which he built would be Answer: It is impossible to answer this IVY ' long .. ...5 c I speedier than one commonly designed with question positively, for some parasol, mid­ T Y P E F thick wings; for you know, Wedell’s plane wing and other types are very unstable 154" long . . . . 10c T Y P E E and others are stable. The whole crux of 134" long ....1 5 c V has very thin wings; the airfoil section being similar to a flat elongated stream­ the matter is that the type depends upon DUMMY the position of the wing relative to the RATCHET 13/16" ... . 5c line. In thin wings it is impossible to GUN 114" ...... 10c body. While flying qualities of a model % " lo n g ------10c 3" Torpedo .15c enclose within the wings, the landing gear POSTAGE 3c EACH when it is retracted. Most of the retract­ are not regulated in the same manner, the able landing gears of low-wing mono­ flight quality is dependent upon the posi­ tion of the wing relative to the line of planes are drawn up into the wings, as PROPELLERS you know. The only other alternative would thrust and center of gravity. In building Hawk Type Standard 2-Bladed 3-Bladed 2-Bladed 3 Bladed be to draw the wheels into the body. How­ a model which has the center of gravity 3 % " ...... 25o well below the wing and the line of thrust 4 " ...... 4" ...... 154" 154'' . . . . I 0o ever, this usually requires that the cross 4 54" ...... • 35c 4 54" . . . . ,45c 254" 254'' ___ 15c section be enlarged to house the wheels well above the center of gravity, you will 35c 5" ...... ,50c 354" 5 % " ...... ,40c 5 % " ...... 4" 4" ...... 30e properly. This causes added resistance. have an exceptionally fine flying model 054" ...... ,40c 0 5i" ___ 454" ■ 55c 7" ,80c 454' ....4 0 c Probably Wedell figured that the advan­ with unusual stability. Many parasol Propellers can be had In 5" models from this standpoint, are unstable Alum. Alloy Castings up to 554" tage of greater speed obtained from using 12" — Larger sizes arc lln- 0" 6" thin wings would greatly offset the dis­ as the center of gravity usually is above Ished up to 24" diameters. C54" Send for catalog. 654' advantage of a well streamlined landing the line of thrust. In mid-wing mono­ Postage 3c ca. gear. planes, the center of gravity, line of thrust Adjustable Pitch Aluminum Propeller and the wing are often coincident. Such Suitable for Flying Models Question: What is a double banked 2-Bladed / 3-Bladcd with Shaft radial motor? a model does not have great stability, un­ ft" dla. 35c I 9 " dla. $1.001.00 . Answer: It is a radial motor with two less it is attained in some other manner. ,10" dla. 50c | 11" dla. I. Special Shaft & Hangar sets of cyclinders, each set radiating out However, if you build a model with the Threaded shaft with sol­ dered arc flange------20c from the hub or crankcase like the spokes line of thrust high and then equip it with Patented fairly heavy wheels you will find that it of a wheel from the hub; one set, however, RUBBER TIRED WHEELS being behind the other. The cylinder in satisfies the above mentioned condition Aluminum Disc Rub­ Aluminum Disc Rub- ber Tired A ir Wheels the rear set is not placed directly behind which gives stability. That is, the heavy ber Tired Tail Wheels 1*' dla. ___ 18c pr. the cylinder in the front set. It is slightly wheels lower the center of gravity below 54" din. . . . 5c ca. %" dia. . . . Cc ca. 154" dla. ___ 20e pr. staggered. That is, the cylinders in the the line of thrust and the wing. %" dia. . . . 7c ca. 154"’ dla. . . . .25c pr. Next month we will answer a few more %" dla. . . . 8c ca. rear set are directly behind the space be­ 1" dia. . . . 9c ca. Treaded Rubber tween each cylinder in the front set. This of the questions which have come into the 156" dia. ... 10c ca. Aluminum Disc dia. . . . l i e ca. allows proper cooling. Commander Hawks’ office. If you have something which is 154" 1 3/10" dla. . .30c pr. 154" dla...... 40c pr. Northrop Gamma was equipped with this puzzling you, we will do our best to help Balloon Tiro you. Until then, happy landings! Alum. Disc 2 " dia...... 50e pr. type of engine. 154" dla...... 25c pr. 3 " dia...... 60c pr. 1% " dla...... 28c pr. S%" dla. . . $1.25 pr. Question: Is there an air-cooled “in 2" dla...... 30c pr. 054" dla. ..$ 2.00 pr. line” motor? Bal. Tired Cel. 7" dia. ..$2.50 pr. Illustrated Aviation Dictionary Disc Wheel Swivel Joint Fork Answer: Yes, there are a number made 154" dla...... 30c pr. and Axle ( Continued from -page 27) 154" dla...... 33c pr. 54 up to % " wheel 10c in this country and in England. The Fair- 2 " dla...... 35c pr. ?4 up to %" wheel 15c child “22” parasol uses an inverted “in term is used in reference to more serious Postage on Rubber Tired Wheels. 4c. line” engine. accidents than usually result from a Question: Why not use an “in line” crack-up. Spun Aluminum I PICTURES engine on the fastest speed plane instead ON BRISTOL BOARD 81. DEAD-LINE. The line, actual or 254" x 454" of a liquid-cooled one? imaginary, on an airdrome from which of Answer: So far air-cooled engines of airplanes start for their take-off. Also the AUTHENTIC large horse-power have not been made. Drag Opon Closed AIRPLANES line where the pilot must cease handling Dia. Ring Faco Face 24 A R M Y ...... 25c Set I" 15 15 The air-cooled engine at present usually 10 I 18 N A V Y ...... 25c Set the airplane under its own power. “Never I V i " 18 18 18 runs in horse-power from ninety to two 2" 20 20 20 1C W A R TIM E ..2 5 c Set run your motor past the dead-line.” 3" hundred fifty. The reason for this is that 28 I 28 28 84 SQUADRON Postago 6c it has been very difficult to cool an extreme­ 82. DECALAGE. The angle between INSIGNIA ...... 25c ly high powered in line engine with air the wing chords of a biplane or multi­ TURNBUCKLES Model Knife plane. In a monoplane, the angle between Collapsiblo Itlado alone. 2" Itlado ___ 13c the chord of the main wings and the chord Postage 3c each Question: What does the abbreviation of the stabilizers, with the elevators at W O R K IN G S.P.A.D. wartime fighter mean? BRASS TURNED SHEAVES neutral. Talte- Toggled Pulley Wheels or Sheaves Answer: This question has been an­ Up I

Air Ways—Here and There Hartford. Outdoor events are held at most popular exhibit at the Y.M.C.A. ( Continued· from -page 25) Brainard Field. The Hartford Club is Hobby Show held last winter. He says that particularly active in promoting this Con­ some of the older fellows are building gas­ CLUB NEWS test. oline driven jobs; the results obtained are Columbus Model News Hanger 13 being kept secret for the present time. Zimmerman must be trying to get some Though we have not heard from the A very active model club is located model builders of Columbus, Ohio, for of you other gas job fans excited. How­ at Beloit, Wisconsin. Its club leader, Con­ ever, I am sure that you will try to match some time, it appears that they have been rad Hansen, Junior, sends us picture No. active. Picture No. 7 shows one of their him with as fine a job as he infers that he 9, showing a group of its members. Re­ has. He even threatens in his letter, that latest ships, a six foot S.E.5 model, with cently a hobby show was held in this town. its builders, Robert File of 502 Seymour the design of the model incorporates the They put on a very excellent model air­ theories which your editor embodies in his· Avenue, left, and James Kilbourne, of 156 plane exhibit which consisted of a complete South Drexel Avenue. It was flown at the articles, Aerodynamic Design of the Model layout of an airport. All details were car­ Plane. This sort of puts him on the spot. Boy Scouts Circus at Columbus, which ried out and miniature ships gave it an was held last Spring. This demonstration Picture No. 10 shows a very beautiful exceedingly realistic effect. As an added Travelair Speed wing which was built for is put on annually at the Ohio State Fair feature, the club members demonstrated Coliseum. The models which were entered the Curtiss Wright Travelair Contest, held the art of model building to novices. Han­ by the club at the Milwaukee Airport. It ranged from miniature R.O.G. to the six sen writes, “The people were kept busy at foot model shown. is a beautiful looking job. From Zimmer­ the show, stretching necks in order to fol­ man’s letter, we infer that this ship is a Hartford Aero Model Club low the models in exhibition flights. Then flying scale model and performs beauti­ The Hartford Aero Model Club believe too, the small mosquito airplanes put up fully. Twenty ships of this type were in extremes, as is shown by picture No. 8. in match boxes sold like hot cakes. Often a flown at the Contest. The large model is a Stinson trimotor with visitor was surprised by a small plane with a wing span of nine feet. This ship was less than six inches wing span which hap­ Youngstown Model Airplane Club built by four members of the club. The pened to flit by his face on its trial flight.” Persistence has its reward. Sometime frame is constructed completely of balsa We might add that such an instance is ago Mr. William Bernstein of 619 Market wood and covered with bamboo fiber tis­ very dangerous for the airplane, for if Street, Youngstown, Ohio, wrote to our sue. The small model is a Vought Corsair the particular visitor happened to come Air Ways Department, asking for some which has a wing spread of twenty-five from Jersey, upon being startled in this help in forming a model club. He says that and one-quarter inches. This ship was built manner he might inadvertently think that after a few unsuccessful attempts, he fi­ by Carl J. Scherer and it is an exception­ he was being attacked by one of those long nally has a very active club going. The ally good flyer, having made a duration legged Jersey mosquitoes and do consider­ club was formed by establishing a supply on several occasions, of one minute. Every able damage to someone’s “brain child.” depot; boys then naturally gravitated to year in June, the Connecticut Model Air­ Picture No. 9 which is shown here, was this place and were signed up. Rather a plane Meet is held at the State Armory in taken immediately after the show closed. clever way to go about it, eh, what? Any Those who appear in the picture are as young men living in or near the vicinity follows: Front row left to right, Edward of Youngstown are cordially invited to SENSATIONAL Wilson, Arthur Dennie, Assistant Club join the club. Simply write Mr. Bernstein. Commander, Alfred Heim, Secretary Picture No. 11 shows a group of club Treasurer, William Bates, Club Com­ members. mander, Donald Pierce, William Dennie The Zip National Model Contest and Stewart Martin. Standing left to right: Wilfred Treder, Mr. R. E. South- After many delays, the judging of the ers, Boy’s Secretary of the Y.M.C.A., winners of the Zip National Model Contest Edward Howard, Burton Booth, William has been completed. At the present time we Gahagan, Conrad Hansen Jr., Club ad­ are lacking complete information concern­ visor or leader, Elwin Lindsley, William ing it. However, we do know that Ray­ Stowell and Frank Ross Jr., assistant mond A. Norden of Astoria, New York, leader. is the first prize winner; Aurelio Cerdan All told, the club has a membership of of Rockville Center, New York, won THE STRATOSPHERE thirty-three boys, ranging from eleven to fourth prize; John J. Fallon of Floral Do you want the outstanding development in model air­ Park, New York, won fifth prize; and J. planes in years? Get this 3G" span fuselaKe cnduranco twenty years of age. Two leaders are ap­ model. An engineering marvel. This airplane has a per­ H. Hutchinson of Hempstead, New York, formance so astonishing that experts stand amazed watching pointed for the club by the Y.M.C.A., it fly. Flights of over an hour are easy with the Strato­ Boys Department. However, the club’s of­ won sixth place. A group of judges and sphere. Own and fly a real winner. Meets N . A. A. contest some of the winners will appear in next requirements. The Stratosphere is an ideal ship for every ficers are elected from the club member­ flying model enthusiast. Contest flying or pleasure flying. month’s issue. It is easy to build due to self aligning structures ship semi-annually. originated in our engineering department. The unique dirigible shown in the fore­ Empire Model Airplane Club COMPLETE KIT ground is being constructed by Wilfred Postpaid ...... $2.25 Elmhurst, L. I., has a model club called Contains: Accurate full size assembly drawings. A complete Treder. This Club also engages in social instruction and flying chart. Bulkheads, ribs and special the Empire Model Airplane Club. It is not parts all printed out on balsa. Cement, banana oil, dope, activities as well as model airplane build­ large, but quite active and certainly de­ and rubber lubricant. New typo machine carved progres­ ing. They feel that this is quite an attrac­ sive pitch propeller (by scientific test .10% more efficient serves mention in our columns, for any than standard hand carved props). Frco wheeling spring tion for their members. Suppers, swim­ and many other specialties. Also club which is organized is a boost to avia­ A new lino οΓ Flying Seale Models. 2ft" span. A ll designed ming, outings, etc., are held now and then. tion and a great help in the education of by an aeronautical Engineer and acclaimed by hundreds of This is what we call a real progressive model flyers, who have tried all kinds of model airplanes young men for their future life’s work. to be the best flying, best appearing and strongest flying model airplane club and UNIVERSAL scale models available. These kits aro easy to build and Sharon Model Aero Club aro absolutely complete to make every part and decoration. MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS wishes Even rubber lube Included. them the best of luck and future success. In Sharon, Pa., there is a model airplane KITS POSTPAID club of 150 members. Recently their sec­ Curtiss PfiE “Hawk” ...... Sl.ilO B oeing F 4 B 4 ...... 2.10 Milwaukee Model Engineers ond model airplane contest was held at W edell-Williams...... 1.50 F o k k c r D 7 ...... 1.75 We again hear from some long lost Buhl Farm. This was sponsored by the S. E. 5a ...... 1.75 Club and the Sharon Herald. Sixty mem­ Scorpion Non scale cabin monoplane .75 friends, the Model Aircraft Engineers of Canary Midget 12" gull w ing ...... 25 Milwaukee. John G. Zimmerman writes bers entered models. Fourteen prizes were ORDERING:— given, which consisted of eight model air­ Remit by Postal or Express: Money orders. and tells us that his silence has not been No. C .O .D .’s or stamps please. due to inactiveness but rather to over­ plane kits, a silver cup, a medal and some Aerodynamically Accurate very useful tools. During the contest, two Correct Enginccrlna activeness. They have been engaged in a BUNCH MODEL AIRPLANE CO. great number of hobby shows, exhibits and stick models of the “ B” Class passed out “Models That Really Fly” contests. One of the things for which the of sight directly overhead. One of them 2303 S. HOOVER ST.. LOS ANGELES. CALIF. club should be commended is the winning was in the air over fifteen minutes and the A company owned and operated by Licensed Transport Pilots and Aeronautical Engineers. of the Popular Mechanics award for the other thirteen minutes before being lost UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS v----^ Se p t e m b e r 3 9 to sight. Gene Kepler, who was the builder Jack Lowther. The fellow holding the big an advanced stage in regard to model per­ of the two models, ivon first place in this machine is Mr. K. Wilson, who built this formances. He sends us several pictures event. Second place tvas won by Bill Thiess job for the Wakefield Trophy. It has a which we are unable to print this month. with a flight of one minute, seven and one- span of six feet, six inches. However, readers may look forward to half seconds. Fuselage and scale events The Model Flying Club of Australia seeing them in the columns of a future is­ were also held. We are indebted to Thomas certainly deserves a lot of credit for they sue. B. Randolf of 819 Linden Street, Sharon, have held contests consistently and regu­ France Pa., for this information. larly over a period of the last two years. This month ive have a great surprise for Everything possible is being done to stim­ you. For the first time in the history of MODEL NEWS FROM OTHER ulate this art «among the Australian boys. Air Ways columns, we hear from France. COUNTRIES Knowing the “inside story,” we wish to M. Pierre Legros of 47 Rue des Tournel- Model Flying Club of Australia congratulate Mr. Ivor Freshman and tvish los, Paris 3, France, sends us this infor­ From the other side of the world we him the greatest success in the future with mation. He is secretary of the Escadre De have some more news of the very active his undertakings. We are sure many of the La Rose Des Vents, which is the first group of Australian model builders. Mr. boys in this country, familiar with his model airplane club to be formed in Ivor Freshman, who is General Secretary work, join us in this. He has struggled France. It was formed in February 1933 of the Model Flying Club of Australia, against great odds in trying to hold the by a group of young men who were ex­ never forgets to send a wad of material model builders together in Australia, their tremely interested in model aviation and concerning their activities. This month being several groups and cliques who ap­ who wished to use this medium as a means picture No. 12 is one of those received pear not to wish to unify their activities. of experiment. The first contest was held from him. It shows a group of indoor From experience in this country, we sug­ on the last Sunday of February on the model builders who recently staged a show gest that all Australian groups get to­ field at Issy-Les Moulindan. Thirty-two in the Sydney Town Hall. Right to left, gether as soon as possible, for only in this members were present. they are: Jack Finneran, D. Pattinson, way can progress be made. Picture No. 1 5 shows a group of some E. G. Leighton, Don Marrett, L. Annes- Picture No. 14 shows two extreme of the members of the club who were pres­ ley, B. Eaton, Russell Jackson and Mr. samples of models built by Mr. E. Howell ent. General Vuillemin of the Bombard­ Freshman. It is interesting to note that of Gore Hill, New South Wales. Mr. ment Group of Aviation was elected Hon- Australian boys have not acquired the Howell goes in for fairly big models and orarv President and Rene Couzinet was microfilm habit as yet. In this country has done some fine work. elected Honorary Vice-President. The microfilm is practical universal; paper Mr. Fred Steven of the Launceston Al­ club is particularly interested in the de­ covering being a thing of the past on in­ batross Squadron of the Model Flying velopment of small models with long dura­ door ships. Club of Australia sends us considerable tion. We certainly wish this first club all Picture No. 1.3 shows a group who re­ information. He tells us his group was the luck in the world and trust that their cently participated in the Contest held at started about twelve months ago and in spirit and activity in model aviation will Victoria Park, Queensland. It was won by this one year, the group has reached quite spread throughout France. WOBURN Customers Are Always Satisfied UNIFORM QUALITY! 'Sjjj ψ SATISFACTION OR MONEY BACK! ACCURACY, SERVICE! WE PAY ALL POSTAGE CHARGES!

There’s quality, value and great fun with Woburn’s! 20" Flying Scale KITS .00 A good selection of models that really fly. Kits contain printed ribs, bulkheads and formers on balsa, ready to cut. POST Curtiss Swift Vought Corsair Boeing 247 Transport PAID L. W. Pursuit Texaco Sky Chief Boeing P 12 F Pursuits Sparrow Hawk 20" Curtiss Swift $1.00 Postpaid Plans for above models, 10c each; 5 for 45c

BALSA WOOD CELLULOID WHEELS BRASS TUBING Best quality obtainable D ear S ir : ΐί " diam...... 6c Pr. 1/16 1. d...... 10c ft. 24" lengths 1" diam...... 8c Pr. 1/32 x 1/16...IS for 5c I received my wood yesterday and was 1*4" diam...... 11c P r . B U S H IN G S 4 for 2c 1/16 X 1/10. ..15 for 5c very -pleased with it. Not a piece was brok­ Just read what V i" diam...... 17c Pr. JA P T IS S U E 3 for 8c 1/16 x 3/32 ... 15 for 5c en (thanks to your good packing) and not one Woburn 314" diam...... 28c Pr. Colored 5c each 1/16 x 1/8____12 for 5c a piece was missing. I have already built a CELLULOID 9 CYL. Red. blue, green, orange, 1/16 x 1/1___ 0 for 5c Hcath-Parasol with your wood and can say customer has DUMMY RADIAL yellow brown, blank 3/32 x 3/32... 9 for 5c MOTORS Superfine Silk tissue 5c ca. 1/8 x 1/8_____8 for 5c that it is the best wood / have ever used to say! 1/8 x 1 / 4 .... 6 for 5c and I have built a lot of planes. V i" motor and drag RUBBER TIRED ALUM. 3/16 x 3/16 ... 0 for 10c The last company I ordered wood front COLORED DOPE ring comb. DISC. WHEELS 3/16 x 5/16 ... 6 for 12c Large bottle ...... 5c V i" diam. 1% inch diam... .20c Pr. didn’t send me as many pieces as I had or­ 1 oz. bottle ...... 10ο 2" diam. 1/4 x 1/4.... 6 for 12c dered and / thought they would never send 1% Inch diam... ,25c Pr. 1/4 x 1 / 2 .... 5 for 12c 4 oz. bottle...... 30c 3" diam. 2 inch diam. . . . 30c Pr. 1/2 x 1 /2 ___ 2 for 10c it. Thanking you for year service. CLEAR DOPE AND 3" Motor ami Drag 1/2 x 1 ...... 1 for 6c Very truly yours, SIDNEY LOTZ, ACETONE ring combination.. .35c PARA RUBBER l x 1 ...... 1 for 8c Large bottle ...... 5c 4" diam. 2018 Tuam Avc., Houston, Texas. Always Fresh 24" S H E E TS 1 oz. bottle ...... 10c BRASS ROD 1/32 sq. 50 ft...... 10c 1/100 x 2.. 4 oz. bottle...... 26c 1/16 O. D ...... 5c ft. 3/32 flat 50 ft...... 20c 1/64 X 2 .. — ·ΙίΙΜ · COLORLESS CEMENT BAMBOO 1/16 sq. 50 ft...... 25c 1/32 X 2 .. Large bottle ...... 5c PROP BLOCKS PROPELLER CARVING 1/16 x 1/4 x 15. .1 for lc 1/8 flat 50 ft...... 25c 1/16 x 2 .. 6 inch tube...... 16c 1/16 x 1/4 x 11..3 for 2r 3/16 flat 50 ft...... 30c 3/32 x 2 .. 4 " ...... 5 for 4c KNIVES 4 oz. bottle...... 30c 3" ...... 5 for 5c 1/8 x 2 .. 50c each ALUM. TUBING 3/16 x 2 .. 6" ...... 4 for 5c Τ' ...... 3 for 6c CELLULOID PANTS 1/1G O. D. per ft...... 5c 1/4 X 2 .. Small for 1" wheel or 3/32 O. D. per ft...... 6c 1 /2 X 2 .. 8" ...... 3 for 7c SPARE PARTS KIT 9 " ...... 3 for 8c % diam. 20c pr. 1/8 O. D . per ft...... 7c 1 X 2 .. Large for 1*4 or 3/16 O. D . per ft____ 11c 1 sheet tissue ...... $.05 2 x 2.. 10" 2 for 9c V i" 11" 2 for lie 30c pr. ALUM. SHEET 20 strips 1/16 x l/IG x 12...... 10 TURNED BALLOON 12" 2 for 13c DRAG RINGS .006 sq. ft...... 12c 10 strips '/« x Va x 12 ...... 10 BALSA WHEELS 14" 2 for 15c .008 sq. ft...... 11c 100 strips bamboo ...... 25 1 Inch diam...... 15c Colored dopo ...... 05 % . . 4c Pr. I lV i.lO c 1Y. 16" 2 for 17c 1V4 tnrh diam...... 20c .010 sq. ft...... 16c *1.. Go Pr. 2 ... 12c Pr. 18" 2 for 20c 2 Inch diam...... 25c .013 sq. ft...... 20c 2 Prop, blocks ...... 03 25 Baby Bullet plan ...... 05 1 ... 8c Pr. 1 3 . . . 15c Pr. STRAIGHT MUSIC 2 % inch diam...... 28c MOTOR PLATES POSTPAID WIRE 3 inch diam...... 30c PROPELLERS for Total valuo ...... $.63 COMPLETE No. 5-6-8-10-12-11-16-18 Reed l/IGor 1/32dla. 2ft. Ic 1% " motor ...... 8c Hand Carved 2 ft. lc 5" diam...... 8c Alum Leaf 100 sq. in. 3c ca. 2" motor ...... 10c WITH ORDERS G" diam. THRUST BEARINGS Celluloid Sheets 2x6. 3c ca. 3" motor ...... 12o Largo or small 2c each Insig. Sheets, Ic ca. FREE OF $1.00 OR OVER Sandpaper 4c sheet 7" diam. 20c dozen 8" diam. WASHERS Our Boston Supply Depot will open soon. 10" diam. 3/32 diam...... 4c dozen New England Model Builders: Watch Newspaper Announcement for Location PROPELLER SHAFTS 5/32 diam...... 2c dozen I9 B E L M O N T S T R E E T Largo or small, 2 for 5c 1/4 diam...... 2c dozen WOBURN MODEL AIRPLANE SHOP Dept. UM -9 W O B UR N , MASS. SEPTEMBER 40 1 _ 9 _ 3 _ 4 UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS

ENGLAND The following readers would like others International Competition for the to correspond with them: Wakefield Cup Jack Dettis, 54 Bellanca Avenue, Pitts­ burgh 10, Pa. Boys! The Wakefield Competition was held Warren Snow, 16850 Plummer Street, at Warwick, England, June 24th with San Fernando, Calif. entries from Great Britain, France and Orval Lloyd, 317 Templeton Bldg., the United States. Several models were Salt Lake City, Utah. on route from Australia.but did not arrive in time for the contest. The American Henry W. Schab, 1013 Brunswick team numbered the full allowance of six Avenue, Trenton, N. J. members. France had three entries. There Alan D. Brown, 41 Middleton Street, were 46 British contestants in the elimina­ Stanmore, New South Wales, Australia. tion trials, held to determine the six who Roger Perrault, Lyndonville, Vt. would compete in the finals. National Airmail Club, 3861 Jefferson The competition was held under un­ Street, Gary, Ind. favorable weather conditions, rain falling Curtiss Hawk P-6-E Miss Lucyle Godwin, c/o Monroe Re­ during much of the flying. This accounts creation Dept., Monroe, La. for the rather indifferent flight time made by the models. Fred Steven, 243 St. John St., Laun­ IT ’S A G IFT England placed first and second, J. B. ceston, Tasmania, Australia. Allman and R. T. Ilowse finishing in that Max McCullar, Kleberg County, Kings­ FREE With a Year’s order. Frank Zaic of New York City fin­ ville, Tex. ished third. The models were permitted to Harleth G. Wiley, Crozet, Va. Dick Cudaback, 735 Jackson Road, Subscription Florence, Ala. Yes sir, fellows, we will give you abso­ lutely free a dandy construction set to make The Development of the Fokker a 12" model of the popular U. S. Army Cur­ Fighters tiss Hawk P-6-E plane. (Continued from -page 9) All you have to do to get this liberal offer Fokker’s next move was to design the is to mail to us your check or money order Fokker triplane, perhaps the most man­ for $2.00. We’ll send you twelve consecu­ euverable airplane built for all time. With tive issues of UNIVERSAL MODEL AIR­ the design came several other moves. PLANE NEWS and will ship the kit to you Greatest of these was Fokker’s purchase right away. of the controlling interest in the Oberursel motor company which amounted to 4,000,- This fifty cent kit contains genuine blue Allman, lower center, Wakefield Inter­ national Competition Winner 000 marks. The last move was prompted print, full size three views with all impor­ by the fear that motor builders entering tant details illustrated and complete instruc­ the airplane industry, as did Mercedes tions. It is all ready for you to sit right down take three flights and the time of the three and B.M.W., might refuse to supply mo­ and build one of the most beautiful models flights was averaged. One American en­ tors to competitors. At the same time the you ever constructed. try, that of Walter Getsla, made only one Fokker triplane used the Oberursel Ro­ flight, an excellent one of 116 seconds. tary and to be denied these \vould have Hurry up, hoys, and send in your sub­ On the next attempt, the model’s gears were stripped in winding the rubber motor. meant ruin. scription. Be among the lucky ones to re­ More thought was given the triplane ceive as our gift the Curtiss Hawk P-6-E. Gordon Light’s model, one that than any other plane designed by Fokker. America was counting on hopefully, had Knowing that victory or defeat would be This offer expires September 5th, 1934 a fatal mishap, crashing on a trial flight decided in a few short minutes when the and snapping in two parts through the enemies met in combat, Fokker sacrificed fuselage. speed for the essential climb and maneu­ SUBSCRIBE NOW! The final results: verability. The triplane combination was Seconds chosen because it provided maximum area 1. J. B. Allman, England...... 111.8 in minimum span, and a short span meant 2. R. T. Howse, England...... 90.3 a short body, and a short body leans to­ 3. Frank Zaic, U.S.A...... 85.2 ward quickness in turns. 4. A. H. Liggitt, England...... 76.9 Begun in 1916, the design of the Fok­ 5. W. Fillingham, England. . . . 70.2 ker Dr. I (Dr. I was the abbreviation for 6. R. A. White, England...... 61.3 Dreidecker I), was not completed until 7. T. H. Ives, England...... 54.9 sometime later, and the first Fokker tri­ 8. Albert Howell, U.S.A...... 53.5 plane appeared in the middle of 1917. 9. Alton H. DuFlon, Jr., U.S.A. 40.1 Figure 3 shows the first triplane as it came JAY PUBLISHING CORF. 10. Walter Getsla, U.S.A...... 38.7 out of the shops. Again Fokker tried to 551 Fifth Avenue, Desk 300 11. Genay, France...... 31.8 offer the officials a plane without visible New York City 12. Leslie Adams, U.S.A...... 24.3 bracing in the wings, but they refused to Enclosed find $2.00 for which please send me 13. Desnoes, France...... 4.3 consider his offer. UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS for 14. Guillemard, France. . (Wing trouble) Craftily, Fokker returned his plane to one year. It is understood that I am to receive the shops for a short time and made some the Curtiss Hawk P-G-E kit by return mail. Correspondents changes, alterations that could be seen. Name We have had a very urgent request This time the triplane appeared as in from Robert C. Hare of 458 South Van Figure 4, with struts. This time the Age Ness Avenue, Los Angeles, Cal., asking officials bit and bit hard. “This plane will that we print a notice to the effect that stand up,” they thought. “It has struts to S treet ...... he is very anxious that Raymond Lamb, support the wings.” It was Fokker’s C i t y ...... State a friend of his, get in touch with him at turn to laugh. The struts, as they called once. If Mr. Lamb sees this notice will he them, were nothing but ties, “visible please do so. means of support,” of streamlined spruce UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS septe^mber ^ hardly an inch thick. If the aid of these ons were jki inch diameter steel tubes Fighters, more deadly than a single pseudo-struts was actually to structural while uprights and cross members were seater. It would seem then, that in spite advantage, this would have been only a ^ inch diameter steel tubes. The stan­ of present day assertions that the Fokker small factor. However, the mental im­ dard wiring attachments consist of a short Triplane was a poor machine, Richthofen pression put forth by this arrangement length of small tubing bent in the form with his good judgment and ability would gained the favor of scores of front pilots of a semi-circle and welded to the corners not choose to run into S E. 5 and Bristol who trusted their lives in the triplane. of the longeron and upright joints. ships if he wasn’t sure they were inferior Fokker is accused of having copied the Bracing wires are looped around these to his own machine. Sopwith triplane, but by comparing the fittings forming a loop and functioning Though the Triplane’s speed varied plans of the Dr. I printed in the October as a single wire of double strength. A between 110 and 115 miles per hour, its 1931 issue with drawings of the English large recess the size of the wing spar is left three decks did not give it an abnormally machine, there is no similarity or repeti­ open in the bottom of the fuselage for the high alighting speed. In fact, Udet’s tion of design except in the shape of the attachment of the lower plane. account of a fight in which Richthofen struts, which on the Sopwith were neces­ A regular steel tubing landing gear was forced to land with a shattered pro­ sary, and on the Fokker were optional. of the wire braced type is set far forward peller, recalls that the Red Baron set his It is from the standpoint of construc­ on the fuselage. The wing axle contains plane down in a patch of ground 20 tional design that the Fokker Dr. I is most two spars of aluminum tubing each 2-)4 meters square, and when the damage was interesting. Although the wing spar ap­ inches in diameter. The axle wing is repaired took off from the same area! Lt. peared as a single spar, that member is covered with 3/16 inch thick three-ply Rudolph Stark, in his book “Wings of in reality two spars closely situated and veneer. W ar,” describes his first flight in the joined by a top and bottom plate of three- A tail skid of the rubber spring type is Fokker Dr. I “ . . . they are extremely ply veneer. Twenty-two ribs are used in fitted in the rear of the body. Wing sensitive to the controls and rise up in the the upper plane, 20 in the middle plane skids made of ash were attached to the air like a lift. You climb a few hundred and 20 in the lower plane. From the lower wings directly under the wing metres in the twinkling of a second and front spar of each plane to the leading struts, but their value in a bad landing can then go round and round one spot like edge, the upper surface is stiffened with would be rather doubtful. a top.” plywood. Fully loaded, the safety factor The engine used in the Fokker Dr. I Below is a list of data taken from an of the Fokker is in the neighborhood of was the 110 h.p. Oberursel rotary fitted actual Fokker Triplane: 5 to 1. with a Bosch magneto and a German copy Plane: Fokker Triplane. Ailerons were fitted in the upper wing of the French Tampier bloc-tube car­ Maker No. 1856. only and carried balances as was Fokker’s bureter. Tanks were provided for 15 Military No. Fok. Dr. I 144/17. policy at that time. The center section gallons of fuel and 4 gallons of oil. Date of construction: Nov. 20, 1917. is the only point in the cellule where wire Authentic and truthful information re­ Weights: Empty— 829 lbs., Useful bracing is used externally. Center sec­ garding the performance of the Fokker load— 430 lbs., Total load— 1,259 lbs. tion struts were welded steel tubes with triplane, like other performance figures their extremities joined to the upper issued by manufacturers, is often ex­ Dimensions: Wing span: upper— longerons. aggerated for the sake of impression. 23' 6", middle—20' 4", lower 18' 6", In the tail unit of the Dr. I, the rudder However, the information given here has Length over all— 19' 0", Wing area— 205 is the Fokker comma type already been compiled from official figures, and sq. ft.,Lbs. per sq. ft.— 6.14, Lbs. per familiar to readers. One pivot-spar and from accounts of men who flew the Dr. I, B. Η. P.— 11.15. two ribs of streamlined section were out­ and since they agree tvith one another, can While the Fokker triplane was making lined with steel tubing. be regarded as correct. history at the front, Anthony Fokker be­ The horizontal tail plane is again canti­ Designed for fighting rather than gan to develop three new types, two of lever in construction and its framework is speed, the Fokker Dr. I was a powerful which evolved into the D. VI and D. VII. such as that used on a normally wire weapon in the hands of a clever pilot. In These three types will be described and braced assembly of that time. The sta­ a triplane of this type, Voss scored 22 shown in part eleven of this series. bilizer is triangular in shape and the eleva­ victories in three weeks, an average of one tor is of the one piece balanced type with a day. While most of von Richthofen’s cut-out for the rudder. victims were two-seaters, it is interesting Look for the next article of this to note that his last twenty, gained on a In broad lines, the fuselage structure series in the October issue of Univer­ is the same as employed on previous Fokker Dr. I, were all one-seaters except Fokker fighters. The four main longer­ seven, and of these, three were Bristol sal Model Airplane News. Round Out the Summer with This Great

This trim, low wing high speed Colored Peerless yellow for the fighting plane has just been devel­ •wing, Olive Drab for the fuselage, oped for the United States Army by Silver for the propeller and cockpit the Curtiss Co. It is so new that inside, and Black for touch up. actual data on its performance is Special wheels and a turned and not yet public. With its clean slotted spinner are included. All streamlining and its even, smooth insignia printed in the correct col­ metal covering it readily lends it­ ors. The plans are enormous, two self to the mad, tearing speeds typ­ clear pictures are shown and every­ ical of the present day fighting thing is full size. planes of the world. The model is a wonderful flyer, The Peerless Kit is complete, con­ flights of as far as COO feet having taining PRINTED WOOD for all been made with the test model. wing ribs, bulkheads etc., clearly You’ll be thrilled and will thrill ’em printed on smoth cut sheet balsa. when you bring this one o ε?/ λ Strips of the correct degree of strength form the job. U. S. ARMY XP934—Curtiss Swift out. Complete kit only... Ben Howard’s “Ike” scalc—Span 27"—Length 20:5.4" Curtiss Navy Hawk A U T H E N T IC — Tho only This Pride of the Navy model of this ship on tho ship is a winner— so is market that is completely DEALERS our model of it. Complete authentic — authorized by authentic details with Benny Howard himself Get the cream of the radio mast, dummy bombs, with his signature on tho business. Peerless Model dummy tiro extinguisher, plans. Kits and Supplies are removable auxiliary gas A wonderful flying model highest quality. Write tank, etc. Painted in five — a dandy to assemble. for prices and discounts. colors ft's a beauty. Fu r­ Complete w i t h correct nished with P R IN T E D numbers, adjustable con­ WOOD. colored dopes. Complete kit trols. speed indicator, etc. Colored Black plans, etc. %" scale. Span 223&" %" scale. Span 15Vi" and White. PRINTED WOOD. 4% f r v /Λ only ...... L ength 12-14" Complete Kit only...... ζ ρ Χ .ν τ ν / Length 16%" GET ON OUR FALL MAILING LIST—SEND 3c STAMP FOR BIG CATALOG. PEERLESS MODEL AIRPLANE CO. 15531 Madison Ave., Lakew ood, Ohio, U. S. A. 4 2 Ρ Λ ΤΕΜΛ Ε5 UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS

The Aerodynamic Design of the Model Plane 1 URQUE TABLE “ Winder Wound- Lubricated. S to c k = (Continued from page 23) Brown Rubber- '/e X ‘/30\ Motor Length = 1 fo o t. — Motor Stretched. 2 V2 Times its Original Length. Turns Torque The speed of rotation of a certain pro­ r, Turns -*■ SO 100 2 0 0 300 4 0 0 5 0 0 Break At peller of any airplane is dependent and BreaK 8 Stands L 0 0 2.50 3.10 9 . 0 0 - proportional to the torque of the motor 4 .3 0 6 .6 0 5 4 5 12.00 Conclusions — 1 >r~——~jl To rque in Ounce Inches. driving it. As a propeller is being driven, Max. Turns = 2 times as much as No Lubricant and No Stretch. — its speed increases until the sum of the II II = 1.7 n II M n With a // 4 // II resultant resistance of all blades balances •1 lorgue = 1.7 n η n n No II II II II the forces generated by the motor torque, II II — 1.5 n II II n With a II II II at the points at which the resultants act. For instance, in Fig. No. 109, the forces (P) and (P ') are the resisting forces ------FATIGUE TEST TABLE acting on the blades. The sum of these Stock = Brown Rubber '/ 8 X '/ s o IIS tock = Black Rubber '/& X >Ao times distance (M) is always equal to the Number of Turns =2)00 With Lubricant .Brown ‘H r B Lack Rubber. driving torque (FXM). If the force gen­ Brown 1st Wind 2 nd Wind3rd Wind 4 th Wind 1st Wind 2nd Wind 3 rd Wmd 4th Wind erated by the torque is measured by tak­ Torque 2 .2 5 2 .IO 1 .9 5 L 8 2 2 . / 0 1.90 1 .8 0 1 .7 5 ing the force (F ) as acting at the point Wound. Once , Broke act 472 turns Wound. Once,Broke at 496 turns on a blade where the resultant resisting n 4 tim es , ji d 5 0 8 » 11 4 times 11 11 5 2 4 11 force is acting, then force (F) = (P-|-P'), ii O nce, M a x . Torque = 2.90i/).oj. Ί Once, Max. 7orq.=3.0 in.o_2 . (M) being the same for all forces. Usu­ ji 4 times, n n = 3 .0 0 in.03. ally the resultant resisting force on a 11 4 times a 11 — 2 .9 in.03. Increase in Length = 6 .8 To Increase in Lenqth = 7.5 % blade acts at a point 2/3 of the blade a a Possible Turns = 7.6% η in Possible. Turns = 5.7 °Λ> length from the axis of rotation; see Fig. No. 109. develop a lot of torque, but let us note our We have now, some idea as to what The factor which determines the power second consideration; the amount of time of a motor is not the size of the motor Torque is and perhaps you can guess why that torque continues to be delivered. it is of prime importance. The ability of the necessarily but the relation of the design If you wish your plane to remain in of the propeller to the torque or twisting airplane to fly depends entirely upon the flight for a considerable time, it will be amount of propeller thrust or pull, being effort of the motor. This is true because the necessary to store up a large number of design of the propeller determines the generated by the motor torque, provided turns. For any given resistance to the speed at which it will rotate and use up the plan is inherently capable of flight in turning effort of the motor, the more turns the power stored in the motor. the first place. The more torque, the more that can be stored up in it, the more revolu­ These explanations may seem dry and thrust, and the torque must be great tions at a given speed the propeller will unnecessary to some readers but it is es­ enough to create sufficient “thrust” to make and the longer your plane will re­ sential that the character of these factors pull the plane at flying speed or faster. main in flight. One might say, in other and their actions be clearly understood in It is all very well to have your motor words, that the more work that can be order to understand discussions that fol­ stored up in the motor of a given airplane, low, and the design of efficient motors. the longer it will take to use up that work. Now let us consider the physical char­ Some of our readers are going to ask; acteristics of a rubber band motor, how HIGH POWERED TELESCOPE what is work? It may be defined as the G IA N T model, long range, 10 power, 5 sec- cp r p ι λ I they determine the work that it is possible tions. Amor. made, approx. 3 ft. long, brass o r t L ' ,AL· capacity to exert a force through a given to store up in a motor and the power out­ bound. Ideal for target spotting, game hunting. ^ Q E £ amateur astronomy. Can be used as a powerful I O J distance. In the case of our rubber motor, put when operating in conjunction with microscope. Finest made at any where near the J L ' money. Satisfaction guaranteed. it is the capacity to exert a turning effort a given propeller. WEBBER OPTICAL CO. C.O.D. through a given number of revolutions. 115 Marquette St. LaSalle. III. 15 Cents When it is the object of the model (20 years' dependable optical service) E X TR A Thus, the amount of work accomplished is builder to obtain as long flights as pos­ equal to the force exerted times the dis­ sible, his problem is to be able to store tance through which this force travels, up a maximum amount of work in the or, W =FS, \vhere (W ) equals work, (F ) motor of his plane. The amount of work equals the force and (S) the distance. that can be stored up depends on two If, in a given power system, the force things, the value of the torque and the generated is (F ), acting at the point of re­ number of turns it is possible to put into sultant resistance of the blade (Fig. 109), the motor. A formula for the amount of G - i n e h then in one revolution the work done would work that can be stored is, W =2HQT, be (F ) times the distance it traveled in where (W ) = work in inch ounces, S c a l e one revolution. In this case it would be (Q) = torque in inch ounces and (T) 2 for 30c postpaid FX(2IIM ). Obviously now, the more revo­ equals the maximum of turns possible. Single kit 20c, postpaid Including scale drawing, instructions, balsa wood, 2 wheels, lutions that the propeller makes, the more With this formula the reader can de­ metal prop, sandpaper, cement and paint. Your choico of work is done. Therefore, the total work that termine the amount of work that can be the following 24 snappy models: NC I Gee-Bco Sportster NC 13 British Super- can be stored in a rubber motor is stored up in any motor of a number of NC 2 Lockheed Sirius marine F x (2Hm ) xT, where (T ) equals the num­ strands listed in the tables that are given NC 3 Wcdell Williams NC 14 Hawks’ Sky Chief NC 15 Boeing Multi Mo­ Racer tor Transport ber of turns stored in the motor or in this article. NC 4 Heath Parasol NC 16 Boeing P26 Pur­ W = F (2Πμ ) T. For instance, the work that can be NC 5 Lockheed Vega suit NC 6 Fairchild 24 NC 17 Curtiss A 8 Shrike The rate of doing this work deter­ stored in a motor of 8 strands of NC 7 Boeing Pursuit NC 18 Pitcairn Auto Giro NC 8 French Breguet NC 19 Vought Corsair mines the power generated. This brings 1/8" x 1/30" brown rubber, one foot NC 9 Pitcairn Super- NC 20 British Gloucester Mallwing Fighter us to our third consideration, the coordina­ long may be determined from the table, NC 21 Bristol Fighter tion of the rubber motor with the pro­ and is as follows: W = 2II (12.0) 545, or NC 10 Curtiss Pursuit NC 22 German Fokker NC II DeHaviland Gypsy 1918 peller used on the plane. With any given W = 41,300 inch ounces of work. Moth NC 23 Nieuport 19(8 NC 12 Curtiss Fledgeling NC 24 Spad 1918 propeller, a given motor will generate It is interesting and important to know 10w Construction Kits 2 for 60c the same power always. If the propeller the type of motor in which you can store Single kit 35c, postpaid is small, it will turn fast, thus using up the most work. NC 51 Boeing Transport . . . world’s fastest multi- motored transport the work faster than it would under cir­ From an examination of the tables, it NC 52 Curtiss Condor . . . new twin-motor biplane, N. Y. to Washington service cumstances where the propeller was larger. can be seen that the significant factors NC 53 Sikorsky Amphibian . . . Pan-American Clipper Obviously then, the slower a propeller can of value of a motor for any particular ship, 4 propellors NC 54 Northrop Gamma . . . Hawks' new speed ship be made to turn and yet fly the airplane, plane are: (1) the number of strands; NC 55 Boeing P-12 . . . new service biplane NC 56 Curtiss Hawk . . . great army favorite the slower the work will be used up and (2) the number of turns it is possible to PAUL K. GUILLOW the less power the motor will be required get into a motor; and (3) the quality of W ak e fie ld Mass. to generate. the rubber used. The greater the number SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS ____ 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 43

of strands of any particular size and qual­ they made great haste to dissect it, gather ity, the greater the torque will be. as much useful data as possible and incor­ In regard to the possible number of porate that which looked good to them into ALL RECORDS turns, the important factors are; (1) the their own ships. A good example of this IN T H E size of the strands; (2) the length of the was the Fokker copy of the famous Sop- motor; (3) whether or not a lubricant is with Triplane. As excellent a model as the CAS POWERED CLASSES used; and (4) the quality of the rubber. Sopwith proved to be, the German copy NOW HELD BY THE The smaller the strands, the greater the was if anything even better and for a number of turns that are possible. The while, a squadron of these little fighters number· of turns are proportional in any under the command of the German Red particular motor, to the length of the Ace, Baron Von Richthofen, caused the motor. In most cases a lubricant increases Allies no end of worry. Germany’s great­ the number of turns it is possible to store est handicap was of course the great lack up in a motor. An exception appears in of raw material and how well they adapted table number four. A small number of themselves under this trying situation is very fine strands of black rubber, gives already a matter of history and needs no more turns without a lubricant, than if a repeating here. Fokker, of course was the lubricant is used, as shown in table number mainstay of the German Air Force and his eight. If many strands are used, the re­ great difficulty was in securing motors for verse is true. his ships, but once this was ironed out, he A complete analysis of the tables will succeeded in displacing nearly all other be given in the next issue of U niversal builders to the German Government. Model A ir pl a n e N ew s, as well as Foremost among German observation formulas and rules from which you can models were the Aviatik, Rumpler and EASTERN MEET, NEWARK, N. J., MAY 19, 1934. FIRST & SECOND (ONLY TWO PLANES TO FLY) make complete calcuations for any motor Albatros. These companies also were plac­ Min. 7 2-5 Sec. on '/2 Oz. of Gas (N E W R U L E S ). you may desire, so be sure to keep these ing a group of combat planes on the front, N A T IO N A L M E E T, A K R O N . 0.. JU N E 27-29, 1934. tables handy for future reference. accounting for many enemy ships in hand ALL FIVE PLACE WINNERS POWERED WITH THIS STURDY AND RELIABLE LITTLE MOTOR. In the meanwhile, much useful in­ to hand conflict. W IN N E R ’S T IM E , 21 Min. 57 Sec., on l '/2 Oz. GAS. formation can be gleaned from a careful Hansa-Brandenbourg and Gotha were ENDURANCE RECORD: 2 Hrs., 35 Min., 39 Sec. study of them. Until next month,------. constructing huge bombing ships with the 1 AY 28. 1934; CAMDEN, N. J.. AIRPORT TO ARM­ STRONG’S CORNERS, DEL.— 54 Ml. AS THE idea of crossing the English channel and PLANE FLIES— ACTUALLY OVER 150 MILES. How the Aeroplane Was Created inflicting as much damage as possible on RICE S15.00 C O M P L E TE . A D D : 50c East of. 75c ( Continued f rom page 15) the city of London. In the latter part of West of M IS SIS SIP P I, (or P O S TA G E, CASE & INS. ver, it was directly a factor in giving the 1918 one of these ships which tvas accom­ panied by a group of protecting pursuit For full particulars communicate with Allies supremacy in the air. ships, did succeed in making this crossing, Later the famous De Havilland was de­ but was brought down in flames by a dar­ JUNIOR MOTORS signed and put into production when the ing English flyer, and Germany, convinced CORPORATION United States entered the war, in 1917. of the impracticability of the scheme, iroad Street Station Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa. This machine ivas designed for observa­ tion and photographic work and it was abandoned it. ( Continued on -page 46) planned that high speed should be its chief COL. LINDBERGH’S characteristic. When the D ell 4 was con­ LOCKHEED SIRIUS ceived and it was decided to produce it in SEAPLANE quantities in this country, it was found The flying Colonel took his “ Tingmissortog" over 39,000 miles of Arctic waste. That was that there was no satisfactory motor with F L Y IN G news. National's authentically de­ tailed 1/2” flying scale model of this famous which it could lie equipped, since the orig­ ship is M OD EL news! Kit contains many ex­ clusive National features for easier construc­ inals had 350-400 h.p. Rolls-Royce motors tion and better results. Ready turned cowl, all and England had her own hands full sup­ stations printed and numbered to plan. Colors, black and orange, silver pontoons, wing span plying equipment for the front. Therefore, 21'Λ ", length l5'/a", wt. I oz. <1*1 Q C American engineers decided to design such Complete Kit, plus 15c P. P. *|pX.Oi> a motor which would be adaptable to pro­ 5 0 MODELS TO CHOOSE FROM CQ duction in the different automobile fac­ 25c to $3.00 each, plus postage tories in the United States, and within less than a week, our foremost engineers had plans completed for this motor, to be known as the Liberty Motor. Of this model DeLI 4, there were con­ j structed, three thousand one hundred and F O K K E R D -8 AKRON FIGHTER £-Λ eighty-seven, all Liberty-equipped and Plus P. P„ 10c. 25c Plus P. P.. 10c...... DUC many of which saw active service at the 12" Curtiss Robin 2 5 c 12" Pfalz front as photographic and observation 12" Taylor Cub _ 12" Hell Diver 12" Puss Moth L a . 12" Texaco 13 planes. The Handley-Page bomber, an 12" Heath Parasol 12" Bellanca Libertyp. p ?0c 12" Hawker Fury English design, was also built in this coun­ 12" Albatros D.5-A 50c try in limited quantities, a total of one 35c 12" Lockheed Vega 12" S.P.A.D. 12" Lockheed Sirius Ea. hundred and one being shipped overseas. 12" Sopwith Camel ΤΓ ί 12" Fokker Triplanc 12" British S. E5. X j a * 12" Army Falcon plus Obviously, it would be impractical to 20" SAILING MODEL SHARPIE 12" Fokker D-7 Plus 12" Laird 400 P. P. 10. ______P. P. 10c 12” completely cover here the entire ensemble National’s clever new construction method and Polish P -6 complete die-cut kit makes assembly easy, and 1/4" S O LID SC A LE 12" Boeing P.I2 of planes used in the World War so we it sails like a Cup Defender! Com­ Gee Bee, Laird 400. Tex­ 12” Bellanca Airbus aco 13, S.P.A.D., Nieuport. 12" Nieuport Scout plete Kit, p I u s 25c P1 P1jj _1jl. $2.00 have tried to point out the most important 12" Hawk P -G -E 20" Motor Cruiser (not illustrated), 25c Ea. 12" 1931 Gee Bee models and those used to the greatest ad­ plus 25c P. Ρ...... «jp (.50 plus P. P. 10c 12" Sikorsky Amphibian vantage. Beginners Favor National Kits NEW CATALOGUE-BULLETIN For all this activity on the part of because they contain amplo material of first quality, National’s latest Bulletin is almost a catalogue, show­ simple and complete instructions for models that F L Y . ing scores of I2,/ and 24" flying scale models, tho France, England, United States and their OLD-TIMERS new Douglas Transport, Lindy’s plane, solid scale admiro the minute and perfect detail of National models, midget airport, 2 new boats, and 8 columns allied nations, there was equally active models. The country over, they buy National kits and of supplies and accessories. No model builder should work on the part of Germany. The engi­ National’s dependable first-grade materials and ac­ be without this complete showing. Send 3 cents in neers designing aeroplanes for this na­ cessories for authentic scale models. stamps T O D A Y for this latest issue. tion, were keenly alert to any changes or NATIONAL MODEL AIRCRAFT & SUPPLY CO, improvements on the part of their enemies. 23 AVENUE E. DEPT. 51, NEW ROCHELLE, N. Y. As quickly as an enemy ship was captured, 4 4 f E_pJE M B E R ---- , UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS

Fundamentals of Model Airplane block toward the rear on the underside of across the Atlantic and back again, Building the motor stick, as shown in the side view through all kinds of weather and climate of the plans. The wing is held in place conditions, without one single motor break­ (Continued from -page S) with a single rubber band. Hook one loop down among the 48 Isotta engines that 00 sandpaper as shown at “C.” Complete over one of the hooks of the wing clip. powered the 24 ships making the flight. the second wheel in the same manner. A Bring the two strands of the rubber band Yet this need not surprise those in the center axle hole is now made through each under the wing, up and over the stick, back know for the tests imposed on Italian by forcing a common pin through the cen­ under the wing and hook the other loop aviation motors are the severest they can ter of them. Make sure that this hole is over the second hook of the clip. think up and they are good at thinking up slightly larger than the wire landing gear, Note the position of the center of grav­ hard tests in Italy. After a new motor is so as to permit it to turn easily when in ity, as shown in the plans under “Wing” built, it is run for a while and then taken place. and “Side View” and designated by the apart to be examined by a commission of Assembly letters “C.G.” Balance the model at this experts, each of whom offers criticisms point under the stick and move the wing and makes changes before it is reassem­ All parts having been completed, the backward and forward until perfectly bled. Then it goes through a gigantic model is now ready for assembly. Cement balanced at this point. wind-tunnel, like that at the Isotta factory. the elevator to the underside of the motor Four strands of 1/8" x 1/30" flat rub­ It has pressure and temperature controls stick. Center the elevator with its trailing ber are used for motive power. Measure as well as the ordinary tunnel devices. edge at right angles to the stick and cement the distance between the hook of the pro­ When they put a motor on the block there in place, as shown in the plans under “Top peller shaft and the rear hook. Multiply and set it running, all they do is bring the View.” Follow this by cementing the com­ this distance by four, add Yi" to this total temperature down to 40 below zero, the bination rear-book and tail-skid around and cut a single strand this length. Tie the pressure down to the figure an airplane the end of the stick and over the under­ ends together and loop it twice between would encounter at an altitude of 45,000 side of the elevator, as shown in the plans the two hooks. feet, and then hurl a gale of 400 miles an under “Side View.” Flying hour through that tunnel. Through quartz The rudder is cemented to the left side glass windows the commission watches the of the stick on top of the elevator, when This model will take off the ground with­ motor perform. If it fails to function per­ looking straight at the model from the out any assistance from the launcher with fectly for 24 hours on end under these in­ front. See that its leading and trailing one row of knots wound up into the rubber credible conditions, harder than any in edges are flush with those of the elevator. motor. No pushing is necessary. Simply actual service, they throw it away and Cement the propeller bearing to the top place it on the ground and release it. The build a new one. center of the motor stick at its leading end proper way to hold the model for launch­ It’s the same with the planes themselves. with the bent lip of .the landing gear ce­ ing is shown in Fig. 4. Fully wound, it When the trans-Atlantic flight was being mented directly under it. When both are will jump immediately into the air. 275 prepared, one of the Savoia machines that in place, silk thread is wound around them turns may be put into the motor wound by made it was taxied across the Mediterran­ and then coated with cement for additional hand. When stretched and wound with a ean all the way from Sardinia to the main­ strength. The wheels are slipped over the winder, it may be wound to 550 turns. land ; another one was towed through the turned up axles of the landing gear and seas off Genoa behind a destroyer doing their ends turned up to prevent the wheels Italy Solves Her Problem of Air 35 knots an hour. The tests are always from rolling off. Defense just that severe— they have to be when Attach the propeller shaft, as described you are dealing with so many new and un­ last month, and then slip its hook through ( Continued from -page 5) tried inventions. The point is that when the hole of the propeller bearing. Place shifted gears, the air-prop began to turn an Italian machine has come through the the wing clip around the underside of the with a thousand horse-power behind it, rough-housing they give it in its trials, it motor stick just in front of the wing posi­ and away she went— at a speed in excess will stand anything. tion. Place the wing with its elevation of anything ever flown, for the head re­ Another result of this testing is that sistance was practically nothing at all. The Italian service machines generally don’t catch was in the transmission between the show the impressive paper performance READY-BUILT two props; it flooded with oil, and the Ital­ figures that come from Hendon and Villa- SILVER FLASH MODELS ians haven’t figured that one out yet). coublay. But the enormous speeds of Then there was another Caproni, an French and British fighters are made un­ extreme flying wing type, just a tetrahe­ der test condit'ions, whereas war in the air dral wing, with three motors in the leading is fought out under whatever conditions edge, no tail at all and retractable landing you can get. One has the impression that gear. (This bus, also, is still in the hands the sturdy Italian ships will do just about of the experimenters). as well as their more publicized rivals There have been a whole series of ob­ when it comes to a pinch. servation, bombing and fighting planes There is another peculiarity of the Ital­ with W struts, an arrangement which no ian aviation service, a direct result of the other nation will have at any price, but centralized control exerted from Rome U. S. AR M Y F IG H T E R (IS " wing span) which the Italians use because they get and the careful test policy. That is the FULLY CONSTRUCTED— READY TO FLY wonderful visibility and steadiness out of extraordinary lengths to which standardi­ Detailed as shown. Imm. radial 0 eyl. motor, drag ring. Pilot’s cockpit. Army insignia, etc. Takes olt them. And finally, there has been that high zation has been carried among service under own power, fast realistic flights'. Complete only $2.50 postpaid. point of Italian technical development, the types. Once a new type has been passed for Macchi seaplane, the fastest ship in the production, no other types of ships for the world, with her two props one right be­ same purpose are built at all. Thus the hind the other, revolving in opposite pursuit division of the Italian air force is directions— a sheer flying bullet, of which entirely equipped with just one type of a modified form is being fitted with mili­ machine— the Fiat CR30, with a 600 h.p. tary equipment to see whether it won’t motor, a 34 foot span, the peculiar Italian make a pursuit ship that will stand the W bracing on its biplane wings, and a rated speed of 230 miles an hour. She is U. S. N A V Y AKRON F IG H T E R ( IS" wing pan) world on its head. FULLY CONSTRUCTED— READY TO FLY What is more surprising is to hear that an exceptionally fast climber; indeed she Finely detailed model of the ΤΓ. S. Navy's Fighter. the Italian motors, so little known outside has to be, for Italy’s land pursuit has to Λ fast, stabile filer, takes off under own power. Com­ plete as shown in photo, only $2.50 postpaid. S P K - their native land, are among the best in defend the line of the Alps over which CXALi O F F E R — ItO T II M O D ELS R E A D Y T O F L Y . $1.50 postpaid. Order direct from this ad. Money the world. Yet when one considers it, there hostile bombers possibly will be coming at order or cash. No. C.O.D. is no motor achievement in the history of great height and very fast. Address—SILVER FLASH MODELS aviation more remarkable than Balbo’s Italy generally frowns on the heavy Box 88 PORTLAND. PA. trans-Atlantic flight— all those planes bombing type of land plane. There have SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 45 been some experiments on the type since they are there things begin to happen. A. ■A. Λ. Λ. the war and more are going on, but the Specifically, a pilot from the Italian air mountains and the lack of good landing service happens, with the latest thing in FLEET’S IN! fields are always in the way of getting the two-seaters and a string of gliders. The most out of this type of machine. Italian youngsters get rides in the two seaters ■ MEGOW’S SHIP MODELS land bombers are mostly lighter ships, and learn to pilot the gliders. You can see Authentic Models! A live new hobby! Every Kit complete with printed deck, cement, dope, colors, two-purpose machines that can be used as for yourself that with something like a plans, etc. observation machines. million youths getting three months’ glider The leading types are two Bredas and training every year, it’ isn’t going to be a Caproni. The Bredas are the 16, a three- long before there are a lot of trained seater, high-wing monoplane (in which pilots in Italy, to say nothing of the air­ the bracing is as near the Italian W as mindedness, the acquaintance with prac­ you can get on a monoplane), and the tical aviation every citizen of the country Breda 32, a low-wing, three-motored will have. monoplane, reminiscent of the Douglas Beside which, taking a leaf out of the transports used by TWA in this country. French book, the government has been Both are very slow as compared with their encouraging private flying by every de­ foreign rivals, the 16 rating 142 miles an vice it can think of, most of the devices II'/ ," Scale Modol (50" to I" ) U.S.S. NEW YO R K , hour, the 32 160 m.p.h.— but speed is not being financial. If you are an Italian citi­ One of the Battleships recently anchored in Hudson River, 575 ft. lonfl, 100 ft. beam, 27,000 tons P f k the whole story with these ships. They are zen and want to buy a plane in Italy, the displacement ...... DUC both good climbers and have unusually government will loan you part of the pur­ Plus 10c Post. high ceilings, and in both a good deal of chase price; it will also give you free re­ speed has been sacrificed for stability and pair service at any government flying field controllability. In the bumpy air condi­ or seaplane station, free inspection service tions that reign high over the Alps and anywhere and free gas and oil enough for Appenines, they would probably be more 25 air hours a year, which is quite a lot than a match for similar foreign types— of flying for a private plane. If you are and it is significant that Breda 16s fin­ one of the young Fascisti just out of a va­ ished one-two in the last air transport race cation glider school, all you have to do is around Europe. pass a proficiency test to get a free course There are a good many of the Caproni of training as a pilot. ships also in service. Their latest bombing Then when Italy has a few million of type sports a single 750 h.p. motor and these young pilots riding around in Savoia has a rated speed of 152 m.p.h. Like the torpedo planes or 423 mile-an-hour Macchi Breda ship, this bus is a climber and what scouts, it is going to have pretty close to 4 Masted Schooner "S E T H P A R K E R ” is more, can walk over the mountains with the best air service there is. Complete kit to build a 10" model...... 50c Plus 10c Post. the astonishing useful load, (for a single- 15" Model of “ Seth Park” $1.00, plus 10c postage. motored machine) of 4400 lbs. Among the seaplanes, everything is ODEL AIRPLANE SHOP BACK ISSUES WANTED N. E. CORNER HOWARD AND NORRIS STS. Savoia and Macchi. The S-55s that flew M PHILADELPHIA, PA. July 1929 n p A T F T ? < s ___Write for details and discounts. the Atlantic are the standard seaplane Our line sells and resells. “bomber” type, though Italian air strategy January 1930 does not contemplate using them as bomb­ January 1931 ers at all, but as torpedo planes, a duty We arc desirous of obtaining the above tlirco issues of AMERICAN FIGHTING PLANES for which their double hulls fit them beau­ Modol Airplane News lo complete our flies. We will pay our readers 20c each for these magazines provided no Photos of all service types and many experi­ tifully. Just how many of these ships Italy pages are missing or torn, covers are clean, not being mental jobs. SMsx5 gloss prints from original glued or pasted together in any manner and provided the negatives. Three prints and complete list has in service, nobody really knows— general appearance of the magazines denote good condition. If the issues you have on hand do not come up to our will be sent for a 25c piece. Satisfaction is certainly there are a lot of them. A new requirements please do not send them lo us. unconditionally guaranteed in every sale— ask any collector. type, the S-66, with three pusher motors Rend your copies to the Periodical Dept.. Jay Publishing P. II. HEBERT abreast, was launched recently. It is even Corp., 551 Fifth Avenue, New York City. Box 240, San Antonio, Texas bigger than the S-55 and will carry the new 23-inch torpedo, which is heavy enough to blow a hole in almost anything. There is also a Savoia seaplane pur­ Every Model Builder in the Universe - will bo MYSTIFIED with tho PERFORMANCE of suit, a sweet little gull-winged monoplane this DOUGLAS DESIGNED y4" Flying Scale of the flying boat type and a very fast climber, with the exceptional cruising FAIRCHILD “22” WARNER range (for a pursuit ship) of four and a Equipped with NEW Μ & M PNEUMATIC AIR WHEELS half hours. She has not been placed in Tried, Tested and Proven to bo one of the sweetest production yet but is reported to be par­ looking flying models ever produced. Wing Span 2 4% ". Length I07/B" . Weight 2.2 oz. ticularly handy and has already proved Colored red and gray, black detail. Kit contains full size detailed drawing, I oz. glue, I oz. paper that she can ride out almost any kind of cement. l '/2 oz. grey, I oz. red, and black for detail, ι All parts requiring machine work such as. wing tins, , 5 weather. The Macchi flying boat, the pres­ wheel pants cut to shape, and turned cowling. All : ent standard seaplane pursuit ship, is other parts plainly printed on highest “ A A A ” grade i bgjsa; also finished flying prop, and rubber motor. somewhat slower than the Savoia job (she COMPLETE KIT WITH is rated at 162 m.p.h.) and resembles the Μ & M A ir W heels $2.75 DOUGLAS DESIGNED %" FLYING SCALE Savoia a good deal, except in the gull-wing Turned Wood Wheels $1.95 Money Orders Only. Postpaid in U. S. A. feature. And then, of course, there is that WE ARE SOLE DISTRIBUTORS FOR 423 mile-an-hour terror, which they are Μ & M PNEUMATIC AIR WHEELS FAIRCHILD “24” CIRRUS A Now Development of Far Rcachinq Significance trying to develop into a military machine. in Model Building. T H E IR S U P E R IO R IT Y in land­ IS A N O TH E R B E A U T Y ! Startling in performance! How Behind this equipment, Italy is rapidly ing case and manipulation on the ground practically steady in flight! How surely It settles down! How amazingly eliminates breakage of props, and easy to handle! Wing span 2G%", length I7 % " . Wt. 2 oz. developing a youthful and enthusiastic landing gears, thereby making Colored blue and yellow, black detail. Same high grade kit as you the best shock absorber ob­ Fairchild ” 22” . corps of pilots. One of Mussolini’s cardinal tainable. In case of a puncture they may be repaired, F A IR C H IL D “24.” Kit complete $ 1 . 9 5 doctrines is that she must become a thor­ as they have a small oughly air-minded country. The young valve for inflating and Postpaid in U . S. A. deflating. Wt. approx. Money orders only. Fascisti, the lads between twelve and

Η ολ\· the Airplane Was Created days, England was keeping pace with en­ additional coat of paint means many more ( Continued from page 43) tirely new lines of which were the B.A.T. pounds of weight which the engines must and Delis. The B.A.T.s were very gro­ carry. To more or less offset these large bomb­ tesque in appearance and bore quaint This was an important factor in the se­ ers constructed by the enemy, France had names as copies of animals which they lection of paint on our transport airplanes. put much thought back of the development seemed to be modeled after, but neverthe­ of this type ship with the idea of concen­ less they were very capable fliers. trating a huge force of them and swarm­ Plane Moves 10 Feet 8 Inches at Each Italy by this time had hit her stride and Turn of Propeller ing over the enemy territory, thus forcing was making progress in her own right, him into submission. producing the famous and well-known How far does a speeding airplane travel To this end also, was England building Ansaldo fighter, and the Societa Italiana at each turn of the propeller? large numbers of the Handley-Page bomb­ Transarea (S.I.T.) building Bleriots. On a recent flight from El Paso Paul ers and when the United States entered Savoia of course continued the line of Vance piloted an express plane in two this program of construction, they were Farmans built at about the outbreak of the hours and 26 minutes, for an average built to these same specifications in this war, but the greatest of these various ships speed of 236 miDe an hour. country. was the Caproni. These were introduced as Statisticians immediately got busy and To offset the German submarine activ­ large biplanes for bombing and observa­ found that Vance’s plane on this flight ity, England had a large force of seaplanes tion purposes but before the end of the moved forward approximately 10 feet S by Short, Bristol and Vickers and many struggle, there was introduced a huge tri­ inches on every revolution of the propeller. built by Curtiss in the U. S. These did plane of gargantuan proportions in which Cruising at an engine speed of 1950 good work in patrolling the sea coasts the wing spread was more than one hun­ r.p.m., Vance covered approximately and especially in guarding the fleets at dred feet. 20,767 feet, or 3.9 miles, per minute, it Scapa Flow, Rosyth and Firth of Forth. Every war has had its outstanding was estimated. In the United States was the original heroes and this one was no exception, only torpedo-plane conceived by Rear Ad­ that each nation had its hero or flying ace. On the Frontiers of Aviation miral Fiske of the U. S. Navy. The idea France her Guynemer and Fonk, Bishop was to arrange to project the torpedo from of England, Richthofen of Germany and (Continued from page 11) the plane while close to the water and the of course our own Eddie Rickenbacker. usefulness with the result that they are to aeroplanes extreme mobility, made it a But the important thing beside the indi­ be equipped with triple the amount of very dangerous weapon to the enemy. vidual prowess of these famous men was planes already on hand. Sixteen new During the latter days of the War, that the fighting ships had also to be all Grumman amphibians, similar to the five France put into the field a few very inter­ right. built for the Navy are on order for the esting models in the Salmson and also Le To be sure, there were days when the U. S. Coast Guard as well as ten Doug­ Pere fighters. These machines were cap­ equipment fell far short of the men who las amphibians. Due to the Coast Guard’s able of high speed, rapid climb and were were to fly them, in both quality and quan­ becoming of such importance as an air­ characterized by ability to carry a heavy tity, but once these units of the service craft consumer, we may see more planes load which made them valuable for long were put on a standardized basis, both expressly designed for this work. distance observation work. During these virtues lacking were soon supplied and While on the subject of Douglas am­ undoubtedly the final outcome in large phibians, Willis Nye of California has measure, was due to the vital part played written us that a new Douglas amphibian DIMENSION CHART by the flying machine. is being built, known as the Senior Am­ Shows how to build the most powerful model Now, compare the flying vehicle of 1919 phibian. It will be larger than the Douglas aircraft ever constructed by simply increas­ ing their size. Chart contains five sizes to with that of the Wright Brothers and re­ DC-2. Pan-American Airways will be the choose from. Greatest aircraft dimension has flect that there has passed only the short purchaser. There had been rumors that four foot wing span. 50c brings complete chart. R_ Ferguson Model Aircraft Engineer, span of less than twenty years. Visualize the Army had intended to purchase one of 2121 TVellington St., Montreal, Canada. that these machines were subjected to al­ these planes. most unbelievable strain, made to fly at Willis Nye also says that a Douglas speeds in excess of two hundred miles an Navy fighter (225 m.p.h.), a Hornet EACH FOR POSTPAID hour while in steep dives to evade the version of the 0-43, and a liquid-cooled 3 5 c 3 9 5 c enemy, and to carry heavy loads and per­ and twin-row Boeing pursuits have also form in any but suitable conditions. It not been built. only survived, but what is more, it came The latest news about lighter-than-air out of this proving ground a far better craft is that the government may soon machine than could even be imagined. build one or two more dirigibles like the Without question, the evolution of the Macon ! I f appropriations are obtained, the aeroplane was speeded up many times that construction will begin at once at Akron, which would have been possible under Ohio. At present the Goodyear Zeppelin normal peace time conditions. Company, builders of the Akron and Ma­ But after the terrible struggle was over con, are building high-speed railroad came a new era for the flying machine and trains. soon the nations vied with one another in To compete with the Stevens and Kep- adapting the aeroplane to peace time pur­ ner climb into the open stratosphere suits. So is witnessed the birth of the new (U.M.A.N., May, p. 13) in the world’s CURTISS HAWK P-GE field of transportation. Our next install­ largest balloon is a Belgian and a Russian Isn’t the IT.wk n beauty? And she flies jut as good as sho ment will deal with planes that were team who are now making balloons for the looks. The above is a photo of the nfodel as built from a planned and built but which never ap­ stock kit, and is so well designed, authentic, and detailed attempt. that you’ll want to build every kit in the line. Try one of peared on the front. Some new water gliders are now being these kits today, or better yet get three of them and eavo money. Remember they come postpaid. built in Germany and are to be operated All kits are very complete including turned balsa cowls where needed, smoothly finished wheels, accurately bent Color of Airplane Often Determines from the aircraft ship, Westphalen, in wire parts. Insignias for all Army and wartime ships, special C K M K N T IT E glue, colored Jap tissue, rubber, Its Weight mid-Atlantic. The gliders will be used in washers, balsa blocks, sheets, and strips; full size very de­ testing the air currents over the Atlantic tailed drawing, etc. A ll are 12" wingspan. The color of an airplane can have a very CURTISS HAWK P-GE FOKKER TRIPLANE important bearing on its weight and lift­ and will alight on the water. BOEING TRANSPORT 247 FOKKER D-7 In this country work has gone ahead on PAGE NAVY RACER FAIRCHILD “24” ing ability according to engineering offi­ HEATH BABY BULLET STINSON RELIANT cials. two new Bowlus sailplanes for the El­ FALCON has never lowered its high standard of Exhaustive tests by air line engineers mira meet. One is a two-place ship for quality, and your satisfaction is assured hy our Richard Du Pont; the other is a one-place money back guarantee. All orders shipped imme­ have proved that a greater amount of paint diately from our large stock. is necessary to produce a lasting finish in a job for Warren Eaton. The ships will FALCON MODEL AIRPLANE CO. light color than if one of the darker hues have Zapp flaps and will be of skin- 9704 S.E. Division St. Portland, Oregon is selected. On large passenger planes each stressed duraluminum and ply-wood con­ SEPTEMBER UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS ____^ 1 - 9 - 3 - 4 47 struction. We’ll see how they perform at Commodore. It is quite similar to our Waco Elmira, N. Y., this summer. Many records cabin ships. High speed is 130 m.p.h., A B a r g a i n ! are sure to be broken by them. A large cruising speed is 110 m.p.h., and landing number of contestants are expected at the speed is 50 m.p.h. The rate of climb at sea- glider meet. (Du Pont has recently broken level is 700 ft. per min., and its service 'ViV .... the distance record). ceiling is 1 1,500 feet. The power plant is Since the depression no one has been a 215 h.p. Siddeley Lynx IV C. Compare la 11 a buying large multi-motored planes for this performance with the Waco’s (U.M. ·*·*..f private use as formerly; (you may recall A. N., August). v ^ the large sales of Sikorsky S-38s to pri­ vate interests in 1928), but encouraging BUILD A SOLID-WOOD SCALE ■ ■■■■ news comes to us now that Lockheed has Model of the General Aviation Army Span 15s/a", sold their first sportsman-pilot version of ’32 Howard Ike le n g th 137/a", Observation Plane YO-27 (Authentic) w eight 1.5 oz. the Electra. This would be an excellent White, black details. Data for both 2-wheel ship for a flier in the London-Melbourne (Plans, page 10) Mike and 4-wheel Ike jobs. 198-piece super complete Kit, including all necessary C-Γ Race. Though the YO-27 is not a new ship, all-detail drawings, photos, printed-out From Mexico comes word that a new wood, etc. Easy to build. Com­ having been put out in the early part of plete K it SF 42, postfree, long-distance plane is being completed 1933, it should be of interest to the model only ...... 98c there. The plane has been designed by Dr. ■ ■ ■ S fam n for Cleveland Model builder because of its unique design. This oena OC Dramp Engineers News — Michael Watter, noted American aero­ is one of the few twin-engined observation showing finest line of beginners and experts model airplanes (and all supplies) offered any­ nautical engineer (co-designer of our planes in our Air Corps, the only other where. Order the ’32 Howard Ike, and get ac­ Vought Corsairs) and will be named the quainted with REAL model building. No outstanding one being the Douglas gull­ C.O.D’s. Barberin-Collar. The plane will be pow­ winged, twin-engined observation plane. Clevela.nd Model & Supply Co., Inc. ered by an American Pratt & Whitney The YO-27 is a successor of General Avia­ 18GCN9 West 57th St., Cleveland Ohio, U. S. A. Wasp with a Hamilton propeller. The tion’s first twin-engine military ship of ship will have a high-speed, fully loaded, similar design, which was probably the of 118 m.p.h. and will have a range of first multi-motored super-speed plane ever 7,700 miles. A radio and blind-flying in­ built. struments will be installed. Her wing span The General Aviation Manufacturing is 55 ft. Company is now busy with the develop­ The Aeronautical Chamber has now ment of their new tri-motor low-wing ship opened bids for the purchase of 25 sport and when that is completed, they will prob­ planes to be used by its various inspectors. ably resume their experiments with the The planes will be of new design. Ten YO-27 and similar ships, in an attempt new Monocoupes and fifteen Kinner Play to get some of the new U. S. Army air­ Boys are said to have been purchased by plane contracts. % them already. Balsa or white pine may be used in JAPANESE Twenty planes a month are being pro­ building the model. Draw the side eleva­ MODEL AIRPLANE TISSUE duced by the Fairchild company to meet tion on block of wood and cut with small In 32 colors the demand for their latest sport planes. jigsaw. Go over the surface with coarse Direct M ill Importers for tho Trade. The first of their amphibians is being com­ sandpaper. The pilot cab will be built on Bale Wood Veneer pleted for Pan-American Airways. later. Next draw the top elevation as shown Stinson has also completed the first of in plans on fuselage block and cut around Silk Thin Tissue their new tri-engined low-wing transports. this outline as you did side elevation. Sand­ Monocoupe has produced a new De paper the surface of the top also. Then, Parachute Tissue Luxe Model 90 of exceptionally clean referring to cross-sections of fuselage on Ask for W H IT F IE L D ’S design. plans, shape out the rest of the fuselage IT’S THE BEST!— BRILLIANT AND THIN! Reference from Utah— “ Inclosed find order An interesting feature on the new Bel- with a sharp razor blade and coarse sand­ for your very fine high grade paper. My lanca Senior Skyrocket is the full-canti­ paper. The cockpits may be hollowed out trade claim it the very best they have ever lever landing gear, photos of which ac­ if desired. Cut a groove for tail wheel used.” company this article. Its other new fea­ which will be connected by a piece of wire We Pay Shipping Charges tures are all-metal trailing edge split inserted through the wheel and bent up to­ No Charge for Cutting Paper flaps, individualized ventilating and heat­ wards the fuselage. Its two ends should be WHITFIELD PAPER WORKS ing system, full N.A.C.A. type cowl, wider anchored in the fuselage. Using fine sand­ 12 V E S T R Y S T .. New York City fuselage, indirectly lighted and shock paper, go over the entire surface of the Established 1869 mounted instrument panel, durable hand- fuselage once more; then set it aside and rubbed lustrous finish, and oversize bag­ begin the construction of the wing. gage compartment. Two of the planes have The wing may be made in one section FLYING MODELS THAT FLY! been sold already. The new ship has a high and later its center section may be cut out speed of 185 m.p.h., cruising speed of so as to insert fuselage. Draw the outline 159 m.p.h., climb of 1240 ft./min., serv­ of the wing on board of stock and cut with ice ceiling of 25,000', and a range of 910 jigsaw. Leave a slight margin to allow for to 1280 miles. any slips when chiseling along edges of The first of the new Kinner four-place wing. Next taper the wing as shown in low-wing cabin ships will soon be ready. front view in plans and wing sections. Czechoslovakia has produced a new This may be accomplished with a small, multi-purpose military plane. It carries sharp chisel, or pen-knife. Then round out two fixed Vickers guns, two movable the wing as shown by wing sections. Sand­ B E L L A N C A n r Kit N Y 34 ...... Postpaid / D C Lewis guns and several bombs. High speed paper the whole surface with a coarse Here’s a summer bargain for you! A 20" span cabin is 168 m.p.h. grade of paper. Cut out the underneath plane weighing only 6/10 of an ounce. If properly built it w ill fly 45-30 seconds, at heights of over 50 feet. It Belgium has produced a new low-wing side of center section with chisel until it is ono of our most easily built models. Remember Pioneer Kits are all built up to a performance standard, light plane known as the Orta-St. Hubert fits fuselage snugly as shown in plans. not down to a cheap price. Every kit is complete with full sized blue-prints, ready carved propeller, and all touring monoplane. Then cut the two grooves in leading edge parts needed to build like tho cuts. The latest English autogyro, C.30, has of wing where motor nacelles will be in­ Our new catalog and price list w ill bo sent to you upon been completed, and forty-five of the ships serted. The measurements of these are rc'vdnt of 3c stamp. are said to be on order! It is a three-bladed given by the solid line on top elevation of wingless ’gyro and cruises at 90 m.p.h. plan that denotes the part of the motor w A. V. Roe and Co., Ltd., has put out a nacelles above the wing. Go over the wing MODEL*AIRPLANE*SUPPLY· CO. new cabin biplane known as the Avro with fine sandpaper and then draw on CHAMPAIGN, ILLINOIS 4 8 Γ_Ρ9-Μ3ΒΕ4 y*---- - UNIVERSAL MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS

exception of insignia. Paint star white on accurate. Join nacelles in place with plenty CLASSIFIED wing, the circle in center red, and the back­ of ambroid. After connections have thor­ ground blue. Paint black horizontal stripes oughly dried, put on the landing gear, on rudder red and the vertical one blue, using plenty of ambroid. Make two tail DIRECTORY the rest of the rudder white. struts and join in place as shown and put When paint has dried begin the assem­ on tail wheel. Connect props to nacelles, Advertise in this directory for quick, profitable results. bly. Ambroid wing to top of fuselage. Put using small pins as shafts. Touch up all Rate: 10c per word. Cash with order. Minimum space. 16 words. October ads. must be in by August 4th. blocks under wing tips to hold wing in connections with ambroid and dope. The model will then be completed. MODEL AIRPLANES—PLANS—MATERIALS place. Next connect up the tail units. Be D E A L E R S ! Our years of experience serving dealers and clubs at special price list Invaluable to you. Deal with the largest. It pays. Get new wholesale list today. Air- plane Utility, 5307 New Utrecht Avenue. Brooklyn, X, Y. D E A L E R S ! Clubs! W rite for our money making proposi­ L ist of E ntran ts in MacR obertson R ace tion on kits and supplies. Berkeley Model Supplies. 53 Berkeley Place. Brooklyn. -V Y.______1. Alan Naish ...... England . Airspeed Courier D E A L E R S ! Model Builders! Write for information- on our 5 ft. flying scale models. Lowest price ever known for 2. A. O. E dw ards...... England . D. H. Comet 5 ft. models. G. II. Q.. 560 So. Boulevard. New York, 3. Col. J. C. Fitzm aurice...... Ireland . . Bellanca Racer D E A LE R S "and Clubs—W rite for our Trice List of Model Airplane Supplies. We guarantee you won't be sor­ 4. Mr. & Mrs. M oil iso n ...... England . D. H. Comet ry. Our supplies the best! Wholesale only. United Model Supply Co., 1*. 0. Box 351. 16 Court St., Brooklyn. N. Y. 5. T. N. Stack ...... England . Airspeed AS. S MANUFACTURERS —We are Direct Importers of lino 6. H. F. Broadbent...... Australia D. H. Fox Moth Balsa Wood. (Please use letterhead when writing for quotations.) U. S. Importing Co., 1157 Broadway, New 7. F. Lombardi ...... Italy . . . . Bergamaschi York.______·______8. Wedell-Williams Air Service . . . U. S. A. . Wedell-Williams JA P A N E S E Model Airplane Tissue, 32 colors, also Wood Veneer. Send for samples. Sco our ad this paper with Jap 9. R F. Lape ...... U. S. A. . Lockheed Orion Girl's Face. Whitfield Paper Works. Importers, 12 Ves- try Street, New York City.______10. Capt. Molinier ...... Franee . . Wibault AVIATION—INSTRUCTION—EQUIPMENT 11. IC. L. M ...... Holland Fokker F. XXXVI ARMY Air Corps gives free flying training, salary, ex­ 12. K. L. M...... Holland Fokker F. XXII penses paid. Information booklet, how to qualify, apply. 20c. Used Airplanes $85 and up. Literature 10c. Federal 13. K. L. M...... Holland Fokker F.XVIII Mqiiipmcnt Co,, S37 E. Dearborn. Indianapolis. Iml. 14. K. L. M...... Holland Douglas DC-2 MISCELLANEOUS 15. Mr. & Mrs. T haden...... U. S. A. . Beechcraft A17.F B E A U T IF U L |>ortrait or caricature painted in color from photo. Reasonable. For particulars, write S. Litwin. 1521 16. Russell H osier...... U. S. A. . Hosier Monoplane N. Maplewood, Chicago. 111.______U. S. A. . Miller & De Lackner ELECTRIC BICYCLE is real sport, noiseless, original. 17. Miss J. Cochrane...... Convert yours. 3-18 rnpli. Complete plans, photographs. 18. Laura Ingalls ...... U. S. A. . Lockheed Orion 25c coin. Electrobike b 2333. Honolulu. Hawaii. 19. R. W. H. E v erett...... England . 1). Η. I hiss Moth 20. Societa Idrovolanti Ita lia ...... Italy . . . . Savoia-M archetti ailerons, pressing heavily so as to make 21. Andre de Sales and Jean Lacombe Franee . . Bernard 84 groove. 22. Vicomte de S ibour...... France . . Couzinet Make the tail surfaces in the same man­ 23. Fig. Off. C. G. D avies...... England . Fairey I1IF ner as the wing. Draw outline of tail units 24. H. L. B ro o k ...... England . Cabin Miles Hawk on wood and cut to shape with razor blade. 25. W. J. C earns...... England . D. H. Moth Referring to cross-sections, finish them up. 26. Bernard Rubin ...... England . D. H. Comet Sandpaper thoroughly and draw line sepa­ 27. Keith-Rider ...... U. S. A. . Keith-Rider rating elevators from stabilizer and fin 28. Jack Wright ...... U. S. A. . Monocoupe Special from rudder. 29 Australia Make motor nacelles in same manner as 30. J. Woods and H. C. Miller .... Australia Lockheed Vega fuselage, cutting out side elevation first, 31. Sir Kingsford-Smith ...... Australia Lockheed Altair then top and then front. Be sure that both 32. Murray B. D illy ...... U. S. A. . Vance Flying Wing pieces are exactly alike and see that they 33. Lieut. Lindholm ...... Sweden . . Northrop Delta fit neatly into wing. The aft part of these 34. Lieut. H anson...... Denmark . Desoutter II may be chiseled out so as to enclose a re­ 35. Michel D etroyat...... France . . Lockheed Orion tracted landing gear if desired. See cross- 36. Wiley P o st...... U. S. A. . Lockheed Vega sections in lower left hand corner of plans. 37. Dutch Svndicate ...... Holland Pander Postjager Cut the six propeller blades separately 38. Carlos Goetz ...... Portugal . Compel' Kite from a thin strip of wood with a razor 39 V I. Chandi India . . . . blade. Sandpaper them thoroughly and 40. Ruth N icholls...... U. S. A. . Lockheed Altair ambroid (glue) them to two hubs cut from 41. Fig. Lieut. G. S h a w ...... England . Klemm Eagle the nose of the motor nacelles with razor 42. M. F re to n ...... France . . Potez blade. Lay the three-bladed props on a 43. Bleriot-Aeroautifjue...... France . . Bleriot flat surface until connections completely 44. Oliver Nicholson...... New Zealand . . I). II. Dragon dry. 45. Alan S. Butler ...... England . I). H. Dragon The wheels for the landing gear may be 46. William Courtinav ...... England . D. H. Gypsy Moth purchased at nearly any model shop. 47. Sir Alan J. Cobham...... England . Airspeed Courier Cut the four landing gear struts to 48. Lord Nuffield...... England Airspeed Envoy shape as shown in plans (see true length 49. Lady Cobham ...... England . Airspeed Envoy of struts that join with fuselage in lower 50. R. K. D undas...... England . Airspeed Courier right hand corner of plans). 51. James K. C. B aines...... New Zealand . . Fairey Fox Next make windshields for cockpits and 52. Lt. H. R. A. K idston...... England . Lockheed pilot cab, the frames of which may be made 53. Harold Gatty ...... U. S. A. . Douglas of thin strips of wood connected together 54. Clyde Pangborn ...... U. S. A. . Gee Bee with ambroid. Isinglass may be used for 55. Roscoe T u rn er...... U. S. A. . Douglas windows. 56. Wolf M irth ...... Germany . Messersclimitt Go over all parts of the model once 57. Capt. Lyon ...... U. S. A. . Lockheed Orion more with fine sandpaper, giving them a 58. G. R. Pond and C. Sabelli...... U. S. A. . Bellanca smooth surface and making them ready 59. Andre Gueit...... France . . Caudron for painting. Several coats of dope will 60. Stanlev C. Huffman...... U. S. A. . Stinson Reliant have to be applied in order to get a smooth 61. Walter T. Varnev...... U. S. A. . Lockheed finish. Paint the fuselage, motor nacelles 62. Rov W. A m m el...... U. S. A. . General Aviation Tri-motor and landing gear struts olive drab. Paint 63. David Η. P. C lough...... U. S. A. . Cessna Monoplane the wing and tail units yellow, the props 64. Salvador F a r r e ...... U. S. A. . Percival Gull silver and rest of model black with the 65. Maj. De Seversky ...... U. S. A. . Seversky 3L Our National Sales Force Ashed for This OFFER!

Boys, This Is an OFFER They said, “We want a Wedell-Williams because it’s the fastest commercial model built and another ship with it, to sell for $2.00 for the two.” We said, “Ο. K. if the de­ mand is for a S2.00 combination, weMI give it to you—a Wedell-Williams and a Fairchilds No. 24.” $3.00 Value for Only $2.00 V lien men and boys want a model bad enough to set their own price for a special oiler and tell one salesman about it—the Aircraft Model Ships must be hot stuff. However, it was necessary to put a string on it, and here it is—this special combination offer EXPIRES OCT. 1, 1934

Wedell-Williams and Fairchilds No. 24

Postage Paid in U. S. A. Special $ ^ . 0 0 and Canada Sum m er ExpiresExpii Oct. 1, 1934 OFFER

WEDELL-WILLIAMS FAIRCHILDS NO. 24 Everyone who has built and flown Builders tell us it is the fastest com­ this ship says it’s a "good old fly­ mercial model built. On tests it has er.” You bet it llys becau.e it is de­ a recorded speed of from 40 to 50 signed from original factory draw­ miles per hour. Some speed! Some ings, like all Aircraft Model Ships, and the parts are made better, go model! Here’s how the parts are together easier, and make a better made: turned balsa cowlings fur­ working model when finished. Re­ nished, pants cut ready to stream­ member, the ribs are all cut to size line, body formers and ribs are cut and notched ready to set in place, and notched. Wire, cement, dope, the nose and prop are cut to size tissue, blueprints and complete in­ ready for you to streamline. You’ll find everything in the box you structions packed in a sturdy box. need, including a blueprint and in­ ■Wingspan 20 inches, ς ι rrt structions. Wingspan 26 C ] Regular price ...... «pA .JL F inches. Regular price...... LIST OF SHIPS FLYING KITS W ing N am e S p an P ric e AIRCRAFT MODEL SHIPS Fairchild 24 2(1" $1.50 I’ercival Gull 8(1" 3.00 Ship Board Fighter 25" 2.50 are Better because the Made from original factory de­ S k y R id e r 21" •75 S k y B u g g y 21" .75 signs of all the favorite models. Wedell-Williams 2!>" 1.50 Parts are Better H o w a rd Ik e 22" 2.00 Parts such as ribs, body formers, I). II. Moth 24" 2.00 I'a irc y 3(1" 2.50 G ee B ee 20" 1.50 Would you be interested ill joining cowlings and propeller blocks are Lockheed Orion . 24" 1.50 Fokker I)-7 21" 3.50 our national sales force? Some cut to size, notched and ready to Consolidated Tr. 20" 1.50 Curtiss Robin OJ t! 1.00 good cities and towns yet open to streamline and assemble. No cut­ Curtiss' Coupe 18" •75 Eokker Universal 1.50 responsible boys over 16 years old. ting from sheet balsa or blocks. P u ss M oth 24" 1.50 Vought Corsair 20" 2.0(1 Time saved and a better model is Lockheed Vega 30" 2.50 You get a complete sample outfit, F a ire y 00" 5.00 and very liberal commission on the result. Full scale blueprints for FLYING KITS IS" WING SPAN 50c EACH each sale. You have national ad­ every ship. Stinson Travelair Fleet Curtiss Robin Hornet Wasp vertising (like this page) to aid SO L ID K IT S All 8" 75c ca. All 12" $1.25 ca. your sales work, and best of all, Lockheed Sirius Lockheed Vega 8" only some real models that have a ready SEE OUR LOCAL MAN Hell Diver Travelair Mystery sale. If you are willing to do a real Puss Moth 12" only He is in all principal cities. Or W'ed ell-W illiams job in your town and make a study Bellanca Gee Bee write direct to Factory. Shipboard Fighter Boeing Fighter of Model Airplane Kits and Model Laird Solution 8" only SPECIAL OFFER Lockheed Orion 8" only Building Supplies Selling, then Northrop Gamma EXPIRES OCT. 1, 1934 Send 10c to cover your share of the write to Lt. Perry M. Powers, sales postage. dept., AERONAUTICAL DICTIONARY Edited by Lt. P. M. Powers Model Building Terms Clearly AIRCRAFT MODELS CO. OF AMERICA E x p la in e d 29 Bartholomew Avenue Hartford, Conn. ynines Unsurpassed! Quality, the Highest! OU ve Got to Use GOOD MATERIALS

WE DO OUR PAPT k * fo Build MODELS

b a l s a w o o d That Our Balsa Wood is tlie lightest WhY MADISON MATERIALS and best balsa to be had. It is clear, straight-grained stock, cut to convenient sizes. Are in Demand by Model

18" Strips 1/16x1/10 . 0 for .05 1/16x1/8 . 16 for .05 Bunders Everywhere! ! 1/16x1/4 .12 for .05 l/8xl/S . . 10 for .05 40" Lengths 1/8x11/16 . .8 for .05 l/ S x 3 / 8 ...... 05 1/8x1/4 . . .6 for .05 l/8 x l/2 ...... 06 l/8x3/8 . , . .4 for .05 3/16x3/8 ...... 0< ::/1 6 x 3 /1 6 . .6 for .10 3/16x1/2 ...... 08 a l u m i n u m 3/16x1/4 . . 6 for . 11 ITEMS l/lx l/4 .. . .6 for .12 PLANK BALSA CLEA R OO PE . .6 for .13 .. .30 DRAG KINGS 1/4X3/8 .. 1x3x36 .. This is real ni­ COLORLESS 1/lx 1/2 .. . .6 for .14 1x6x86 .. .. .45 Used on the real COLORED DOPE 11/8x3/8 . . . 6 for . 15 2x3x36 .. .. .45 ships for cutting trate dope thinned CEMENT 11/8x1/2 . .6 for .16 .. .85 down wind resist- down to meet the re- Real pigmented 2x6x36 .. ciuirements of mod- Absolutely l/2 x l/2 .. . .6 for .17 2x5x40 .. .. .85 a n c e. M a k e s a aircraft dope. D o the strongest, light­ 1/2x1 ... . .6 for .20 beautiful addition el airplane usage. not confuse this . .2 for .12 PROP BLOCKS with dopes of in­ est and fastest dry­ lx l ...... to any radial mo­ 2 oz. c a n ...... 45 ing colorless ce­ 1 /2x8/4x5 . 5 for .05 tored model. 4 oz. can... .25 ferior quality. Red, 18"SHEET BALSA l/2x3/4x6 . 4 for .05 .90 Yel- ment on the mar­ 1/32x2...2 for .03’·. 1" d iam ...... 1" P in t ...... Blue, Black, ket. Try Some Now! 5/8xlx7 ..3 for .06 1% " d iam ...... l j low, Orange. Olive 1/16x2.. .2 for .04 V'. 5/8x1 xS ___3 for .07 O rder 1 oz. tu b e ...... 13 1/8x2___ 2 for .06 2" diam ...... -1 Drab. Silver, 3/4x11^ x 8 ..3 for .08 EXTRA THIN by color. 2 oz. c a n ...... 17 8/16x2.. .2 for .08 3/4x1V&x10 2 for .09 ...... 15 3/4x2___ 2 for .10 3" d iam ...... ύ·3 TISSUE 2 oz. can.... 4 oz. c a n ...... 32 3/4x1V&xll 2 for .11 4 oz. c a n ----- ...... 28 P in t ...... L00 % x2...... 2 for .18 7/8x1 Vix8 . 2 for .11 «" SOLID SCALE ...... 90 36" lengths may Absolutely P in t ...... 7/8x1 VC-xll 2 for .12 PLA N S 4 EOR 10c CELLULOID be had if desired at 3/4x1 % xl2 2 for .13 the lightest cover­ above prices but for 7/8x1 % xl2 2 for .15 S.E. 5 British Scout ing material known INSIGNIAS COMBINATION half quantity. S o p with Dolphin to be had anywhere DRAG r i n g AND 7/8x11^x14 2 for .17 U. S. Army and Col. Rickenbacker’s at any price. Use it DUMMY MOTOR Spad for covering your Navy. 4 Stars and COLORED JAI* Pfalz Triplane DR 1 endurance models. 3 S tripes (red, ] U " d iam ...... 2ac RUBBER white and blue). 3" diam...... 45c TISSUE Sheet 20x15 ...... °5 1" sheet 3c; lVi". Delivers m ore PLANS Doz. 50 Tied. B lue, G reen. 4c; 2", 5c; 2 Vi". 0c. CELLULOID Orange, B r ο vv n , turns to the foot. 24" F lying Model Yellow and Black. Pour sizes to select Travel Air •‘Texaco a l u m i n u m WHEELS S h eet ...... 05 from at the lowest 13” ...... 25c SHEET 3/4 d iam .—p air .06 P e r D oz...... 50 prices in America! Bellanca P a c e- l e a f c o v e r ­ 1 diam.—pair— 08 i n g M A TERIA L ALUMINUM W ood v en eer p a p e r .045 sq u a re maker Flying Scale 1 3/8 diam.—pr. .11 fo r scale model o 25 ft. for .08 Model 14" ...... 15c Newest thing for 12 inches wide. ] 7/8 d iam .—pr. .17 ■work. 3/32 flat L ockheed Vega covering models. .005 per ft...... 3" diam.—pr. ....30 Sheet 20x30 ...... 15 ,

On Orders (or Prompt Delivery Please Comply READ BEFORE ORDERING: With Instructions Below: *· . Orders urae,s under 25c—>c not accepted—due to our very low prices. 2 Add 15c for parkin- and nnstae.· nti OF COST riMsrs ass; i S r e ti mi or more, with each purchase °1"* repUca of 'Canadian ({JiaPces— yidcl 25n for packing and postage on (..dors up to 50 O11 orders of <1 50 and over complete hit to buUd a VHeUkc r 1 add 15Co packΙηκ and postage. P o sta l stamps. Canadian or Foreign Coin not ar-epied as paym'fnL Famous DirigmXe LOS JVH6E1-ES Dealers, Clubs; ΙΓ rite for Special Price List K it \nc\ude» with MOORING *tAST· “ '^OW everything! Send your order ■_ MADISON MODEL AIRPLANES, INC. 134 LIVINGSTON ST., BROOKLYN N Y A,k l „ Mnditon K it. and T l „ , A r, .n S„ l. a, L.a d in , 0 St.,„