Systematic Biology For peer review only. Do not cite. ForPhylogenetic Peer stability, Review tree shape, and Only character compatibility: a case study using early tetrapods Journal: Systematic Biology Manuscript ID USYB-2014-243.R1 Manuscript Type: Regular Manuscript Date Submitted by the Author: n/a Complete List of Authors: Bernardi, Massimo; MUSE - Museo delle Scienze, Geology and Palaeontology Angielczyk, Kenneth; Field Museum of Natural History, Integrative Research Center Mitchell, Jonathan; University of Michigan Ruta, Marcello; University of Lincoln, School of Life Sciences Character compatibility, Tree balance, Tree distance, Diversification shifts, Keywords: Tetrapods , Terrestrialization, Paleozoic, Mesozoic http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/systbiol Page 1 of 85 Systematic Biology 1 Phylogenetic stability, tree shape, and character compatibility: a case study using early 2 tetrapods 3 For Peer Review Only 4 Massimo Bernardi 1,2 , Kenneth D. Angielczyk 3, Jonathan S. Mitchell 4, and Marcello Ruta 5 5 6 1 MuSe – Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza, 3, 38122 Trento, Italy. 7 2 School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol, 8 BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom. 9 3 Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, 10 Chicago, IL 60605-2496, USA. 11 4 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 12 48103, USA 13 5 School of Life Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratories, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, 14 Lincoln LN6 7DL, United Kingdom. 15 16 * Corresponding author 17 Massimo Bernardi, MuSe – Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza, 3, 38122 18 Trento, Italy 19 Email:
[email protected] 20 Phone: +39 0461 270344 http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/systbiol Systematic Biology Page 2 of 85 21 Abstract 22 Phylogenetic tree shape varies as the evolutionary processes affecting a clade change over time.