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Republic of Botswana REPUBLIC OF BOTSWANA NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN (NIP) FOR THE STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ON PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT WILDLIFE AND TOURISM Private Bag BO 199, Gaborone Botswana Telephone + (267) 3914955 Fax: + (267) 3914861 MARCH 2008 CONTENT CONTENT ........................................................................................................... I ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................... III LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................... VII LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... IX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................ XI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................. 1 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 4 1.1 Background: Persistent Organic Pollutants, Human Health and the Environment - 4 1.2 The Stockholm Convention on POPs: Historical Perspectives ------------------------- 4 1.3 Objective of the Convention ------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 1.4 Selected Articles of the Convention --------------------------------------------------------- 5 1.5 Purpose and Structure of NIP---------------------------------------------------------------- 8 1.6 The components of the NIP are: ------------------------------------------------------------- 8 2 COUNTRY BASELINE ............................................................................................... 9 2.1 Country profile --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 2.1.1 Geography and population.................................................................................. 9 2.1.2 Political and economic profile .......................................................................... 11 2.1.3 Profiles of the Economic Sectors ...................................................................... 12 2.1.4 Environmental Overview .................................................................................. 14 2.2 Institutional policy and regulatory framework ------------------------------------------ 18 2.2.1 Environmental policy, sustainable development policy and general legislative framework .................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.2 Roles and Responsibilities of Ministries, Agencies and other governmental institutions involved in POPs life cycles ........................................................................ 23 2.2.3 Relevant international commitments and obligations ........................................ 27 2.2.4 Description of existing legislation and regulations addressing POPs ................. 29 2.2.5 Key approaches and procedures for POPs chemical and pesticide management including enforcement and monitoring requirements ..................................................... 31 2.3 Assessment of the POPs issue in the country -------------------------------------------- 31 2.3.1 Assessment with respect to Annex A, part I chemicals (POPs pesticides) .......... 31 2.3.2 Assessment with respect to Annex A, part II chemicals (PCBs) ........................ 36 2.3.3 Assessment with respect to Annex B chemicals (DDT) ..................................... 57 2.3.4 Assessment of releases from unintentional production of Annex C chemicals (PCDD/PCDF, HCB and PCBs).................................................................................... 59 2.3.5 Information on the state of knowledge on stockpiles, contaminated sites and wastes, identification, likely numbers, relevant regulations, guidance, remediation measures and data on releases from sites ....................................................................... 95 2.3.6 Summary of future production, use and releases of POPs requirements for exemptions ................................................................................................................... 98 2.3.7 Existing programmes for monitoring releases and environmental and human health impacts, including findings ............................................................................... 100 2.3.8 Current level of information, awareness and education among target groups ... 103 2.3.9 Relevant activities of non-governmental organizations ................................... 115 2.3.10 Overview of technical infrastructure for POPs assessment, measurement, analysis, alternatives and prevention measures, management, research and development – linkage to international programmes and projects ........................................................ 123 I 2.3.11 Identification of impacted populations or environments, estimated scale or magnitude of threats to public health and environment ................................................ 125 2.3.12 Details of any relevant system for the assessment and listing of new chemicals 126 2.3.13 Details of any relevant system for the assessment and regulation of chemicals already in the market .................................................................................................. 128 3 STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLANS ELEMENTS OF THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ............................................................. 130 3.1 Policy statement ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 130 3.2 Implementation strategy ------------------------------------------------------------------- 130 3.3 Strategies and action plans part of the NIP -------------------------------------------- 134 3.3.1 Activity: institutional and regulatory strengthening measures.......................... 134 3.3.2 Activity: measures to reduce or eliminate POPs releases from intentional production and use ...................................................................................................... 136 3.3.3 Activity: production, import and export, use, stockpiles and wastes of Annex A POPs pesticides (Annex A, part I. chemicals) .............................................................. 136 3.3.4 Activity: production, import and export, use, identification, labelling, removal, storage and disposal of PCBs and equipment containing PCBs (Annex A, part II chemicals) .................................................................................................................. 139 3.3.5 Activity: production, import and export, use, stockpiles and wastes of DDT (Annex B chemicals) if used in the country ................................................................. 142 3.3.6 Activity: register for specific exemptions and the continuing need for exemptions (article 4) .................................................................................................................... 144 3.3.7 Action plan: measures to reduce releases from unintentional production (article 5) 144 3.3.8 Activity: measures to reduce releases from stockpiles and wastes (article 6) ... 147 3.3.9 Strategy: identification of stockpiles, articles in use and wastes ...................... 147 3.3.10 Activity: manage stockpiles and appropriate measures for handling and disposal of articles in use. ........................................................................................... 147 3.3.11 Strategy: identification of contaminated sites (Annex A, B and C Chemicals) and remediation in an environmentally sound manner ................................................. 147 3.3.12 Activity: facilitating or undertaking information exchange and stakeholder involvement ................................................................................................................ 149 3.3.13 Activity: public awareness, information and education (article 10) ............. 151 3.3.14 Activity: effectiveness evaluation (article 16) ............................................. 154 3.3.15 Activity: reporting ...................................................................................... 154 3.3.16 Activity: research, development and monitoring (article 11) ....................... 157 3.3.17 Activity: Technical and financial assistance (articles 12 and 13) ................. 160 3.4 Development of capacity buliding proposals and priorities ------------------------- 161 3.5 Timetable for plan implementation and measures of success ------------------------ 164 3.6 Resource requirements --------------------------------------------------------------------- 164 ANNEX I: COPY OF THE ENDORSEMENT LETTERS ........................... 166 II ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS µg Microgram (10 -6 grams) ABB ABB (A German producer of transformers) AG Attorney General AIDS/HIV Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome / Human Immuno Virus Al Aluminium APC Air Pollution Control APCS Air Pollution Control System APPA Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Act APRC Air Pollution Registration Certificate BAQO Botswana Air Quality Objectives BCL Bamangwato Concession Ltd BDC Botswana Development Cooperation BOBS Botswana Bureau of Standards BOTEC Botswana Technology Centre BPC Botswana Power Corporation BR Botswana Railways BURS Botswana Unified Revenue Services CBOs Community-Based Organizations CDD Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxin CDF Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Furans Cl Chlorine COP Conference of the Parties CSO Central Statistics Office DAH & P Department of Animal Health and
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