IN THIS ISSUE

Digitalisation: Infrabel’s commitment to delivering a smarter and safer railway

UK rail expert debate: Embracing change and solving challenges

9,$5DLO&DQDGDDžVǪHHWUHQHZDO programme and modernisation strategy

ISSUE JUN 03 2018 EXPERTISE | OPINION | INTELLIGENCE globalrailwayreview.com

Level crossing safety

Discover how the rail sector is deploying innovative technology and concentrating on several campaigns and educational programmes to reduce the number of level crossing accidents and save lives Developing solu- tions for strong railway operations. Increase the capacity of your rail network. Swiss precision in WUDȢFPDQDJHPHQW 5DLO&RQWURO6\VWHP 5&6 

Discover more at sbb.ch/rcs

Swiss Federal Railways SBB, Infrastructure Sales, Hilfikerstrasse 3, 3000 Bern 65, Switzerland, + 41 51 222 88 88, [email protected], www.sbb.ch WELCOME

Why is the message still not clear?

Recent headlines and statistics suggest that many pedestrians and motorists do not understand the dangers of level crossings. Is the rail sector doing enough to help educate the public?

EVERYONE should know that level crossings are dangerous, yet so many people continue to cause accidents at these road/rail junctions that result in serious injury and, too often, fatalities. It’s surely simple: Be sensible and adhere to GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW warnings at level crossings. VOL 24 | ISSUE 03 | JUN 2018 According to Operational Lifesaver Inc. few people are aware of the worrying statistic that in America, a person or Founder: IAN RUSSELL Managing Director: JOSH RUSSELL vehicle is hit by a train roughly every three hours. And it’s Editor: CRAIG WATERS Junior Editor: TARA NOLAN not only happening in the ‘States; in 2015, according Editorial Assistants: MANDY PARRETT / SARAH WILLS Commerical Director: SAM PIRANI to the European Union Agency for Railways, there were Sales Manager: JESSICA RUSSELL Sales Executive: TONI LAMB 469 collisions at level crossings in the EU, resulting in Product Marketing Exec: ALEX COOLEY Head of Marketing: JON RAESIDE 288 fatalities and 239 serious injuries. Design Manager: MARLON RUDDOCK CRAIG WATERS Although the precise nature of level crossing accidents To contact any of the Global Railway Review team, EDITOR use the format: [email protected] GLǨHULWLVJHQHUDOO\UHFRJQLVHGWKDWKXPDQEHKDYLRXULV [email protected] (i.e. [email protected]) the main factor. So why is the message still not clear? Many road and rail organisations around the ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS world acknowledge that more needs to be done and they are sharing responsibility SIMON FLETCHER BEN MÖBIUS Coordinator – Europe, Managing Director, VDB – for addressing level crossing safety issues by organising informative events to raise UIC (International Union (German Railway Industry of Railways) Association) public awareness and promote safe behaviour at and around level crossings. One such PHILIPPE CITROËN MARTIN PLATZER Director General, UNIFE – Senior Vice-President, successful project is the International Level Crossing Awareness Day (ILCAD) in which (Association of the European Strategic Marketing & Business Rail Industry) Development, voestalpine over 40 countries take part. The 10th edition is taking place on 7 June 2018 where, LIBOR LOCHMAN Schienen GmbH Executive Director, CER – KEN COWLEY among the many safety messages being announced, the focus will be to educate (Community of European Business Development, Railway & Infrastructure Nomad Digital young level crossing users, as they represent the category that displays the riskiest Companies) ANDY KUNZ President & CEO, US High behaviour at road/rail junctions. Speed Rail Association (USHSR) Furthermore, rail organisations are adopting their own level crossing accident

Published by Russell Publishing Ltd, Court Lodge, prevention campaigns, and the supply industry is developing innovative engineering Hogtrough Hill, Brasted, Kent, TN16 1NU, UK solutions such as warning lights and obstacle detection devices to improve safety. Tel: +44 (0)1959 563311 Fax: +44 (0)1959 563123 Email: [email protected] With so many active campaigns and events taking place around the world, and Website: globalrailwayreview.com action being taken within the industry displaying a commitment to improve safety, 5HJLVWHUHG2ǫFHDVDERYH Russell Publishing Ltd is registered as a hopefully the number of level crossing accidents will radically drop in the years to Limited Company in England, Number 2709148 VAT Number GB 577 8978 47 come. But will we ever live in a world where there are no level crossing accidents at all? Probably not: The only way to ensure the complete elimination of such accidents would be to remove all level crossing junctions, which is surely a feat too onerous to achieve Independent audit watchdog service for printed publications – at least in the foreseeable future. Global Railway Review can guarantee its circulation is 7,500 Please join our groups on social media platforms and engage with like-minded (for the 6 issues distributed between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2017). The publication is ABC audited. This is an Global Railway Review LQGHSHQGHQWYHULǩFDWLRQWKDWRXUFLUFXODWLRQLVJHQXLQH industry professionals – just search online for .

Global Railway Review is available by subscription worldwide at £130 per annum or a two year subscription at £190 COPYRIGHT Members get more ISSN 2515-3013. Copyright rests with the publishers. All rights reserved. ©2018 Russell Publishing Ltd. Images courtesy of Shutterstock.com unless otherwise stated. Global Railway Review is published bi-monthly (six issues per annum) in print and digital formats and is No responsibility can be accepted by Russell Publishing Limited, the editor, staff or any contributors for action taken as a result of the information and available for international railway industry professionals. other materials contained in our publications. Readers should take specific advice when dealing with specific situations. In addition, the views expressed Come and join in our publications by any contributor are not necessarily those of the editor, SUBSCRIBE NOW AT: the conversation staff or Russell Publishing Ltd. As such, our publications are not intended to amount to advice on which reliance should be placed. We therefore disclaim all on your favourite liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on such materials globalrailwayreview.com by any reader, or by anyone who may be informed of any of its contents. social channels Published June 2018

@GlobalRailway 1 ...high-speed rail represents a truly transformative proposition, worthy of major federal and state investment in America’s bright future

XXXXX,ANDY KUNZ, XX President & CEO, US High Speed Rail Association (USHSR) 06

WELCOME 01 Why is the message still not clear? Craig Waters, Editor, Global Railway Review

NEWS INFRASTRUCTURE 04 A round-up of the 12 Building a case for latest industry news cost reductions in 36 SUSTAINABILITY the electrification of SBB’s integrated LEADERS’ SERIES approach for 06 High-speed rail: Now UK infrastructure improving energy it’s America’s turn Noel Dolphin, Director, Furrer+Frey efficiency Andy Kunz, President & Oliver Johner, Head – Energy CEO, US High Speed Rail INFRASTRUCTURE Association (USHSR) 16 Saving Programme and Koralm Tunnel: The Rudolf Büchi, Head of Operations and a Member DIGITALISATION first breakthrough 09 of the Infrastructure Infrabel’s is imminent Management Board, SBB AG commitment to ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG a smarter railway INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT EVENT REVIEW 40 Luc Vansteenkiste, 20 With Neal Wright Director-General Asset International Rail Business Development Management, Infrabel Development 2018 Manager, GAI-Tronics 2 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

Contents

In-Depth Focus In-Depth Focus ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY 22 Designing rolling stock of the future with new materials Safety at level crossings: and smart designs 60 A worldwide issue Per Blomqvist Isabelle Fonverne Senior Research Scientist and 3URMHFWV2ǫFHUIRU6DIHW\ REGIONAL DEBATE Johan Sandström, Researcher, & Interoperability, UIC 43 Safety Department at RISE UK Research Institutes of Sweden Q&A with participants Development of level from Network Rail, On track: Refurbished 64 crossing safety at West Rail Delivery Group 26 trains for Grand Central Japan Railway Company 5'* 2ǫFHRI5DLODQG David Hatfield Road (ORR), SilverRail Katsuaki Hiromoto Fleet Director, Grand Central and Colas Rail Ltd Senior Manager of Level Crossing Safety and INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT VIA Rail’s modernisation: Ryutaro Uenishi, Senior 53 29 Reimagining the Manager of International With Scott Kelley $ǨDLUV:HVW-DSDQ5DLOZD\ Market Director, Canadian journey Company (JR-West) Strategic Rail, UK and Yves Desjardins-Siciliano Europe, SNCL Atkins President & CEO, Expert Panel VIA Rail Canada 67 With participants from British THE PASSENGER Transport Police (BTP), Rosehill 54 Rail and tech A world first: Removing Rail and Prime Rail Solutions Ltd collaboration is 32 the variability of human An educational approach key for growing nature in rail 68 to improving level the international Global Railway Review’s Junior Editor, crossing safety market Tara Nolan interviews Jim Doughty, Systems Wende Corcoran Daniel Beutler, General Integration Manager, Govia Interim President, Operation Manager, Trainline Thameslink Railway (GTR) Lifesaver, Inc. (OLI) International

INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT 56 With Jochen Holzfeind Global Railway Review wants you Chief Technology 2ǫFHURI5DLOZD\ Systems, voestalpine Global Railway Review is looking for authors. If you represent a railway operator, infrastructure owner, industry association or research institute and are interested in submitting informative and thought- EVENTS DIARY 72 provoking content about digitalisation, infrastructure, rolling stock, the passenger, signalling and A round-up of telecommunications, safety and security, sustainability or regulations and legislations, please send forthcoming a synopsis to Craig Waters, Editor, at [email protected] industry events @GlobalRailway 3 NEWS

THE EDITOR'S PICK OF THE MOST INTERESTING DEVELOPMENTS WITHIN THE GLOBAL RAILWAY INDUSTRY

A report claims Britain’s rail strategy should focus on national productivity Network Rail’s level crossing

HIGH-SPEED RAIL research has shocking results

COMPRISED by Greengauge 21, the SAFETY ‘Beyond HS2’ report concludes that Britain’s şÒęĭŦŰşÒŰúčƗŦĔłŸĭôȦČłşŰĔúƥşŦŰŰęĶúȦ REVEALED in Network Rail’s recent research, ”ęĸîúDZǯǰDzȦłĸÒƐúşÒčúȦłĸúŜúşŦłĸĔÒŦ ĔÒƐúÒŦŜúîęƥîłíħúîŰęƐú۳ۺÒĸŦČłşĶ ÒĭĶłŦŰÒŞŸÒşŰúşȹDZDZŜúşîúĸŰȺłČǰǷɁDZdzɁƗúÒşłĭôŦ íúúĸĪęĭĭúôłĸÒĭúƐúĭîşłŦŦęĸčúƐúşƗúęčĔŰƑúúĪŦȫ ĸÒŰęłĸÒĭɔŜşłôŸîŰęƐęŰƗȫ ĔÒƐúÒôĶęŰŰúôŰĔÒŰęČŰĔúƗƑúşúęĸÒşŸŦĔȦŰĔúƗ ¾ęŰĔęĸɔŰĔúĭÒŦŰƗúÒşŰĔúşúĔÒŦíúúĸÒǰDZŜúşîúĸŰ žĔúşúęŦÒĭłĸčɁŦŰÒĸôęĸčŜşłôŸîŰęƐęŰƗɔčÒŜ would ignore level crossing warning lights and try şęŦúęĸŰĔúĸŸĶíúşłČęĸîęôúĸŰŦÒŰĭúƐúĭîşłŦŦęĸčŦȫ ęĸŰĔú¥ZȦĶúÒĸęĸčŰĔÒŰŰĔúłŸŰŜŸŰŜúş ŰłîşłŦŦŰĔúşÒęĭƑÒƗȫ To help increase awareness of level ƑłşĪúşúĶŜĭłƗúôęĸŰĔú¥ZęŦƑúĭĭíúĭłƑ This worrying statistic is coupled with îşłŦŦęĸčɔôÒĸčúşȦgúŰƑłşĪÒęĭęŦĭúÒôęĸčÒĸÒŰęłĸÒĭ ĶłŦŰłČŰĔúĶÒħłşęĸŰúşĸÒŰęłĸÒĭîłĶŜúŰęŰłşŦȫ ÒɔŞŸÒşŰúşłČ¥ZÒôŸĭŰŦÒôĶęŰŰęĸčŰĔúƗôłĸłŰ ŦÒČúŰƗîÒĶŜÒęčĸŰÒşčúŰúôÒŰŜúôúŦŰşęÒĸŦôŸşęĸčŰĔú Britain’s productivity continues to fall know the guidance on using a level crossing ŦŸĶĶúşĶłĸŰĔŦȫ”ÒČúŰƗĶúŦŦÒčúŦƑęĭĭíúŦĔÒşúô íúĔęĸôȦƑęŰĔpg”ƥčŸşúŦŦĔłƑęĸčÒčÒŜłČ ŦÒČúĭƗȫÄłŸĸčɔŜúłŜĭúÒşúúƐúĸĭúŦŦÒƑÒşúȦƑęŰĔłƐúş łĸŦłîęÒĭĶúôęÒÒĸôÒŦúşęúŦłČƐęşŰŸÒĭşúÒĭęŰƗƥĭĶŦ ǰǵȫDzŜúşîúĸŰȫ ÒɔŰĔęşôłČǰǵɁDZdzɁƗúÒşłĭôŦĸłŰîłĸƥôúĸŰłĸŰĔú which can be used to educate key user groups, The UK’s productivity is lower than ŦÒČúŰƗŜşłîúôŸşúȫ¾ĔúĸÒŦĪúôĔłƑŰłŦÒČúĭƗŸŦú ęĸîĭŸôęĸčƗłŸĸčÒôŸĭŰŦȦƑęĭĭíúşúĭúÒŦúôȫ JŰÒĭƗɌŦíƗǰǯȫǴŜúşîúĸŰȦĭłƑúşŰĔÒĸ=şÒĸîú ÒɔîşłŦŦęĸčȦłĸĭƗČłŸşŜúşîúĸŰłČŜúłŜĭúĶúĸŰęłĸúô gúŰƑłşĪÒęĭɌŦÒşĶƗłČłƐúşǰǯǯĭúƐúĭîşłŦŦęĸč íƗDZDZȫǷŜúşîúĸŰÒĸôĭłƑúşŰĔÒĸ>úşĶÒĸƗíƗ ɋŦŰłŜȦĭłłĪȦĭęŦŰúĸɌȫ ÒĸôîłĶĶŸĸęŰƗŦÒČúŰƗĶÒĸÒčúşŦƑęĭĭîłĸŰęĸŸúŰł DZǵȫDZŜúşîúĸŰȫ Allan Spence, Head of Public and Passenger ƑłşĪƑęŰĔşęŰęŦĔžşÒĸŦŜłşŰŠłĭęîúȹžŠȺłČƥîúşŦ Detailed in the report is a proposal Safety at Network Rail, explained: “We are investing and raise awareness of level crossing safety across ČłşŰĔúşúɁłşęúĸŰÒŰęłĸČłşşęŰÒęĸɌŦɔşÒęĭƑÒƗȦ ĶłşúŰĔÒĸɦǰǯǯĶęĭĭęłĸŰłęĶŜşłƐúĭúƐúĭîşłŦŦęĸč ŰĔúşÒęĭĸúŰƑłşĪȫžĔúƗƑęĭĭĔłĭôŦÒČúŰƗúƐúĸŰŦȦłČČúş ŰşÒĸŦČłşĶęĸčŰłÒČŸĭĭƗĸÒŰęłĸÒĭ safety across Britain as part of the Railway Upgrade íşęúƥĸčŦęĸŦîĔłłĭŦÒĸôúĸîłŸşÒčúƗłŸĸčŜúłŜĭú şÒęĭƑÒƗɔĸúŰƑłşĪŰĔÒŰĭęĸĪŦÒŦúŰłČŸŜčşÒôúô Plan, but we also need everyone who uses level to stay alert and avoid distractions when using îęŰƗîúĸŰşúɋĔŸíɌŦŰÒŰęłĸŦȫ îşłŦŦęĸčŦŰłôłŰĔúęşíęŰŰłłȫƗŸĸôúşŦŰÒĸôęĸčĔłƑ ŰĔúɔşÒęĭƑÒƗȫ E”DZƑłŸĭôíúŰŸşĸúôČşłĶÒɋÄɌŰłÒĸ to use a crossing safely and paying attention to the ‘X’ shaped railway, with a new connection ƑÒşĸęĸčŦȦƑúîÒĸÒĭĭĪúúŜłŸşŦúĭƐúŦłŸŰłČĔÒşĶɌŦɔƑÒƗȫɊ Further reading: ęĸŰĔú¾úŦŰeęôĭÒĸôŦĶúÒĸęĸčE”DZŰşÒęĸŦ While Britain does have the safest rail network žŸşĸŰłŜÒčúǴǸęĸŰĔęŦęŦŦŸúČłşłŸşJĸɁ%úŜŰĔ îłŸĭôłŜúşÒŰúČşłĶşęŦŰłĭÒĸô ÒşôęČČŰł in Europe, level crossings are one of the biggest \úƐúĭ şłŦŦęĸč”ÒČúŰƗŦŸŜŜĭúĶúĸŰÒĸôÒĭŦłčłŰł destinations in the Midlands, the North ŜŸíĭęîŦÒČúŰƗşęŦĪŦÒŦgúŰƑłşĪÒęĭɌŦDZǯȦǯǯǯĶęĭúŦ globalrailwayreview.comŰłƥĸôĶłşúĸúƑŦ Òĸôɔ”îłŰĭÒĸôȫ łČŰşÒîĪôęşúîŰĭƗęĸŰúşČÒîúŦƑęŰĔÒŜŜşłƖęĶÒŰúĭƗ ÒĸôÒşŰęîĭúŦîłƐúşęĸčęĸŰúşĸÒŰęłĸÒĭôúƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰŦ ǵȦǯǯǯɔşłÒôÒĸôČłłŰŜÒŰĔîşłŦŦęĸčŦȫ ŰłɔęĶŜşłƐúĭúƐúĭîşłŦŦęĸčŦÒČúŰƗȫ

4 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

Further measures focus on preventing Virgin Trains and Australian rail fatalities Uber encourage people to leave SAFETY cars at home THE AUSTRALASIANÒęĭƑÒƗŦŦłîęÒŰęłĸȹȺ ÒĸôŰĔúžşÒîĪ”=+=łŸĸôÒŰęłĸĔÒƐúÒŜŜşłƐúôŰĔú INTERMODALITY ¾úŦŰúşĸŸŦŰşÒĭęÒĸ>łƐúşĸĶúĸŰɌŦŜşłŜłŦúôĶúÒŦŸşúŦ AS PARTłČŰĔúęşÒĶíęŰęłĸŰłŜşłƐęôú that focus on ensuring serious incidents are reduced îŸŦŰłĶúşŦƑęŰĔÒŦĶłłŰĔÒĸôŦúÒĶĭúŦŦ łĸ¾úŦŰúşĸŸŦŰşÒĭęÒɌŦȹ¾ȺşÒęĭɔĸúŰƑłşĪŦȫ ŦęĸčĭúłĸúîÒĸîÒŸŦúŦúƐúşúÒĸôĭÒŦŰęĸčŰşÒŸĶÒŰł ħłŸşĸúƗČşłĶôłłşɁŰłɁôłłşȦ½ęşčęĸžşÒęĸŦęĸ “By endorsing the increase in penalties for ŰĔúŰşÒęĸôşęƐúşÒĸôłŰĔúşşÒęĭúĶŜĭłƗúúŦęĸƐłĭƐúôȫ the UK has launched a new partnership with those offenders who trespass on public transport žĔúŦúęĸîęôúĸŰŦÒşúÒƐłęôÒíĭúęČĶúĶíúşŦłČŰĔú ¥íúşȰúĸîłŸşÒčęĸčĶłşúŜúłŜĭúŰłĭúÒƐúŰĔúęş authority property, including activities such as train public obey the rules that are in place to keep łƑĸîÒşŦÒŰĔłĶúȫ ŦŸşƥĸčȦƑúÒşúŦúĸôęĸčÒîĭúÒşĶúŦŦÒčúȾęŰƑęĭĭĸłŰ ŰĔúĶŦÒČúȫžĔúŦúŜşłŜłŦúôĶúÒŦŸşúŦȦęĸîĭŸôęĸč The partnership will enable passengers íúŰłĭúşÒŰúôȦɊŦÒęôłíEúşíúşŰeȦ ĔÒęşĶÒĸȦ an increase in penalties for those that choose to ŰłúÒŦęĭƗşúŞŸúŦŰÒşęôúŰłŰĔúŦŰÒŰęłĸÒĸôłĸ ÒĸôŰĔúžşÒîĪ”=+=łŸĸôÒŰęłĸȫ take dangerous and illegal risks on the network, ÒşşęƐÒĭÒŰŰĔúęşôúŦŰęĸÒŰęłĸȫ¾ĔúĸŜŸşîĔÒŦęĸč łíîłĸŰęĸŸúôȥɉ¾úÒşúŦúúęĸčČÒşŰłłĶÒĸƗ will hopefully act as a deterrent and help us in our a train ticket on the Virgin Trains website, ęĸîęôúĸŰŦÒĸôĸúÒşĔęŰŦÒîşłŦŦŰĔúĸúŰƑłşĪȫ+ƐúşƗ ĶęŦŦęłĸłČşúôŸîęĸčɔęĸîęôúĸŰŦȫɊ there will be an option to receive an SMS şúĶęĸôúşƑęŰĔÒĭęĸĪŰłíłłĪÒĸ¥íúşŰşęŜȫ There will be a two-week testing period, ęĸƑĔęîĔîŸŦŰłĶúşČúúôíÒîĪƑęĭĭíúŸŦúôŰł şúƥĸúÒĸôłŜŰęĶęŦúŰĔúŦúşƐęîúȫ \úƐúĭDZȦłĸúşÒôęłíĭłîĪîúĸŰşúȹ ȺÒĸôŰƑł Siemens to equip This partnership will initially be available úĭúîŰşłĸęîŦęčĸÒĭíłƖúŦŰƗŜúžşÒîĪčŸÒşô”ęĶęŦ ČłşîŸŦŰłĶúşŦŰşÒƐúĭĭęĸčČşłĶ\łĸôłĸ Hungarian railway J”ȫžĔęŦłşôúşúĸîłĶŜÒŦŦúŦŦęƖşÒęĭƑÒƗîşłŦŦęĸčŦ +ŸŦŰłĸŰłęşĶęĸčĔÒĶgúƑ”ŰşúúŰłşČşłĶ line with ETCS ŰƗŜú¾ÒƗčŸÒşô”ęĶęŦ\ ȦŰĔúúĸŰęşúúĭúîŰşęîęŰƗ ęşĶęĸčĔÒĶgúƑ”ŰşúúŰŰł\łĸôłĸ+ŸŦŰłĸȫ ŦŸŜŜĭƗȦÒŦŦúĶíĭƗÒĸôŰúĭúîłĶĶŸĸęîÒŰęłĸŦȫ ¾ęŰĔęĸŰĔúîłĶęĸčĶłĸŰĔŦŰĔúşúęŦÒŜĭÒĸ SIGNALLING & TELECOMMUNICATIONS žĔúŰƑłɁŰşÒîĪĭęĸúęŦÒĸúƖŰúĸŦęłĸłČɔŰĔú ŰłôúŜĭłƗŰĔúŦîĔúĶúÒŰĭłîÒŰęłĸŦęĸîĭŸôęĸč ZúĭúĸČŌĭôȾ”ƠÓƠĔÒĭłĶíÒŰŰÒĭęĸúȫžĔúɔEŸĸčÒşęÒĸ THE NATIONAL Infrastructure Developing ęşĶęĸčĔÒĶJĸŰúşĸÒŰęłĸÒĭȦ>ĭÒŦčłƑ úĸŰşÒĭȦ şÒęĭƑÒƗęŦŸĸôúşčłęĸčÒĸęĶŜłşŰÒĸŰ Milton Keynes Central, London Euston, ŠşęƐÒŰú łĶŜÒĸƗ\ęĶęŰúôĔÒŦîłĶĶęŦŦęłĸúô ĶłôúşĸęŦÒŰęłĸÒĸôęŦŜÒşŰłČÒčĭłíÒĭŜşłħúîŰ Manchester Piccadilly, Edinburgh Waverley ”ęúĶúĸŦŰłúŞŸęŜŰĔúEŸĸčÒşęÒĸĭęĸú in order to upgrade and develop the Budapest Òĸô+ôęĸíŸşčĔEÒƗĶÒşĪúŰȫ ”ƠÓƠĔÒĭłĶíÒŰŰÒȾŠŸŦƠŰÒŦƠÒíłĭîŦƑęŰĔ+ŸşłŜúÒĸ ZúĭúĸČŌĭôȾ şłÒŰęÒĸíłşôúşşÒęĭƑÒƗĭęĸúȰ This builds on other Virgin Trains žşÒęĸ łĸŰşłĭ”ƗŦŰúĶȹ+ž ”Ⱥȫ úĭęĶęĸÒŰęĸčÒĸęĶŜłşŰÒĸŰíłŰŰĭúĸúîĪÒĭłĸčŰĔú ęĸĸłƐÒŰęłĸŦÒĸôęĸôŸŦŰşƗɁƥşŦŰŦŦŸîĔÒŦŰĔú ĭłĸčŰĔúDZǵĪĶɁĭłĸčŰƑłɁŰşÒîĪĭęĸúȦŰĔú eúôęŰúşşÒĸúÒĸîłşşęôłşȫ new signalling technology is expected to be in ÒíęĭęŰƗŰłíŸƗŰęîĪúŰŦƐęÒĶÒƠłĸĭúƖÒȦ žĔúôúƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰłČŰĔúłƐúşÒĭĭĸúŰƑłşĪƑęĭĭ ĶłíęĭúŰęîĪúŰęĸčȦÒŸŰłĶÒŰęîîłĶŜúĸŦÒŰęłĸČłş ŦúşƐęîúíƗ%úîúĶíúşDZǯDZǯȫ íúşúƦúîŰúôęĸŰĔúłŜŰęĶęŦÒŰęłĸłČŰşÒƐúĭŰęĶúŦ ôúĭÒƗŦÒĸôŰĔúČşúúłĸɁôúĶÒĸôúĸŰúşŰÒęĸĶúĸŰ ”ęúĶúĸŦƑęĭĭŜşłƐęôúîłĸŰşłĭŦƗŦŰúĶŰƗŜú ÒĸôŰĔúĶłôúşĸęŦÒŰęłĸłČÒŜŜşłƖęĶÒŰúĭƗDZǷǯĪĶ Trainguard 200, including installation of ETCS ŦúşƐęîúȦ+eȫ łČĭęĸúŦęĸŰĔúşÒęĭɔĸúŰƑłşĪȫ

Brightline partners with ride-sharing company Lyft

INTERMODALITY

BRIGHTLINEĔÒŦĸÒĶúô\ƗČŰÒŦÒĸúƖîĭŸŦęƐúşęôúɁ îÒşɌŦúŦŰęĶÒŰúôÒşşęƐÒĭŰęĶúÒĸôÒĸúŦŰęĶÒŰúôČÒşúȫ ŦĔÒşúŜÒşŰĸúşȰŰĔúƥşŦŰɁłČɁęŰŦɁĪęĸôČłş\ƗČŰęĸɔ=ĭłşęôÒȫ şęčĔŰĭęĸúÒĸô\ƗČŰĔÒƐúŦĔÒşúôîłĶĶęŰĶúĸŰŦ Brightline’s three current stations will have to offer travel options that ease the stress of driving \ƗČŰíşÒĸôęĸčÒĸôƑÒƗƥĸôęĸčŦęčĸÒčúęĸôęîÒŰęĸč ÒĸôÒČČúîŰŜłŦęŰęƐúîĔÒĸčúŰĔşłŸčĔŰşÒĸŦŜłşŰÒŰęłĸȫ the location of designated Lyft pick-up and These co-located stations will help close the gap drop-off zones, where Brightline passengers can íúŰƑúúĸŰşÒĸŦęŰÒĸôŜÒŦŦúĸčúşŦɌôłłşŦŰúŜŦȫ ƑÒęŰČłşŰĔúęşşęôúęĸÒĭłŸĸčúɁŦŰƗĭúúĸƐęşłĸĶúĸŰȫ To begin the partnership, both organisations žĔúÒŜŜŦČşłĶíłŰĔîłĶŜÒĸęúŦƑęĭĭúĸÒíĭú ÒôƐúşŰęŦúôŦŜúîęÒĭŜşłĶłŰęłĸŦÒĸôôęŦîłŸĸŰŦ users to easily connect with their driver, view the ČłşɔŸŦúşŦȫ

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GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW

High-speed rail: Now it’s America’s turn

Andy Kunz, President and CEO of the US High Speed Rail Association (USHSR), shares the top 10 reasons for bringing high-speed rail to America.

MERICA stands at one of the most ABOVE: Japan’s This is quite a conundrum for America. It’s now important crossroads in history. Climate high-speed network a case of ‘American capitalism versus the planet’. began in 1964 and change and peak oil are both coming has since transported However, in reality, capitalism is dependent on the into focus with the uncomfortable 10 billion passengers planet for much of the raw materials and services A without a single fatality awareness that America is the world’s largest it provides (our food, water, air, energy, resources, contributor to both problems (mainly from our raw materials, regulating services, etc.). The sooner YHU\LQHǫFLHQWWUDQVSRUWDWLRQV\VWHP ZKLOHGRLQJ American leaders wake up to this simple fact, the the least of any nation to address either problem. EHWWHURǨZHZLOOEHDVDQDWLRQ At the root of this situation is the fact that many of Since transportation is the single largest America’s largest corporations’ entire businesses consumer of oil (and producer of carbon), USHSR are related to the supply and burning of fossil fuels. has launched our ‘Top 10 Reasons to Bring 7KHLUKHDY\LQǪXHQFHRYHURXUQDWLRQDODQGVWDWH High-Speed Rail to America’ to address the politics, the media and shaping public opinion transportation problem head on. High-speed rail is has held America back in a time warp from the truly a miracle technology that could solve many 1950s – big oil, big autos, and big roads. America serious problems simultaneously. is still spending $200 billion each year expanding roads, while starving its rail systems. The reasons are as follows: 6 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

1. Congestion relief America faces epic congestion in every major metropolitan region of the country, costing $124 billion per year in wasted time and fuel. Road ZLGHQLQJSURMHFWVǁMXVWLǩHGE\FODLPVWKH\UHOLHYH congestion – have only made congestion worse 6. Carbon solution across America. High-speed rail is transformative Transportation is the single largest source of High-speed and can reverse this situation – delivering 200mph carbon causing climate change. The American rail is the world’s transportation for every train, every day – without WUDQVSRUWDWLRQV\VWHPLVWKHPRVWLQHǫFLHQWRQ safest form of delays or congestion, ever. earth, with most of the country driving gas-guzzling, transportation single-occupant SUVs hundreds of miles a day 2. Alternative to flying around sprawling communities. Whereas, on proven by decades High-speed rail delivers +200mph transportation the other hand, high-speed rail can be zero of safe operation DVDQDOWHUQDWLYHWRWKHǪ\LQJQLJKWPDUHRǨHULQJ carbon transportation. no hassles, no security lines, no delays and plenty of room to work or play. Flight delays cost 7. Housing affordability America more than $31 billion per year in wasted +LJKVSHHGUDLOKHOSVVROYHWKHDǨRUGDEOH time – a cost that high-speed rail can help alleviate. housing crisis by providing access to a wider housing PDUNHWDQGWDNLQJSUHVVXUHRǨWKHKLJKSULFH 3. Safety ‘hot spots’ by levelling out pricing at the regional Approximately 43,000 people are killed every year scale. High-speed rail also spurs the development in car accidents in America and another million of additional rail systems including light-rail and more seriously injured. High-speed rail is the world’s streetcars, thereby opening up additional possibilities safest form of transportation proven by decades IRUDǨRUGDEOHOLYLQJDQGWKHDELOLW\WROLYHZLWKRXW RIVDIHRSHUDWLRQ-DSDQZDVWKHǩUVWQDWLRQ a car or less cars per household – saving the huge to build high-speed rail in 1964 and has since expense of car ownership. transported 10 billion passengers without a single fatality! France has a similar record with their 8. City revitalisation and sprawl redirection 30 years of high-speed rail operations, as do several High-speed rail redirects regional land other countries. development patterns into TOD (Transit Oriented Development) – compact, walkable, 4. Energy/national security mixed-use and focused around rail stations. Feeder America is in deep trouble due to our extreme oil rail systems spur additional corridors of redirected dependency for 98 per cent of our transportation; development into compact, walkable forms. consuming some 20 million barrels of oil every ANDY KUNZ, President and CEO of the US High Speed day, 70 per cent of which is for transportation. 9. Economic development tool Rail Association (USHSR), 0DLQWDLQLQJWKLVHQRUPRXVǪRZRIRLOUHTXLUHV High-speed rail has the power to attract major sets their vision and America to dig up oceans, protected national forests real estate development around its stations, while direction. He brings 30 years and the arctic tundra; risking our clean drinking also creating whole new industries due to its of successful business water, our health and our safety – without forgetting extensive manufacturing needs. It will also initiate experience to USHSR and provides senior leadership the expensive consequential wars. None of this is a nationwide construction boom, followed by a new and an ambitious vision for sustainable or desirable. travel boom that will continue for decades. sustainable transportation in High-speed rail is the world’s greenest form of America. This vision includes transportation and can be 100 per cent powered 10. Job creator in manufacturing a 17,000-mile national by renewable energy, bypassing the entire and construction high-speed rail network built in phases and slated for global-oil-military-supply chain. The California HSR A national high-speed rail system will create completion by 2030. Andy system under construction in the Central Valley will millions of well paid jobs building the infrastructure holds a Bachelor of Fine be powered 100 per cent by renewables. and system components, managing the rail Arts degree and a Master of systems and operating the stations and related real Architecture in Town Design 5. Light freight solution estate development. from the University of Miami. He has served as an expert in +LJKVSHHGUDLORǨHUVDQDOWHUQDWLYHOLJKWIUHLJKW *LYHQDOOWKHVHLQFUHGLEOHEHQHǩWVKLJKVSHHG a number of forums, speaking shipping infrastructure in combination with its rail represents a truly transformative proposition, extensively at leading passenger transport, lowering the cost (and worthy of major federal and state investment in conferences and events on increasing reliability) of shipping light freight goods America’s bright future. Proof of such is evident transportation and planning and perishables throughout the country. This all around the world where high-speed rail has topics and providing keynote presentations ZRXOGUHSODFHRXULQHǫFLHQWOLJKWIUHLJKWVKLSSLQJ been solving problems and providing great on high-speed rail and network – consisting mainly of long-distance trucks mobility and access to billions of people. Now its sustainability at numerous and airplanes – which has an enormous carbon America’s turn to modernise its transportation for international conferences. footprint and clogs our highways. the 21st century. @GlobalRailway 7 SPONSORED BY

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Infrabel’s commitment to a smarter railway

Infrabel, the Belgian rail infrastructure manager, is working hard on smarter PDLQWHQDQFHDQGGLJLWDOLVLQJLWVUDLOLQIUDVWUXFWXUHWRHQVXUHUDLOWUDǫFLQ Belgium becomes even safer and of higher quality. For Global Railway Review, Luc Vansteenkiste, Director-General Asset Management, overviews the FKDOOHQJHVDQGEHQHǩWVRIWKLVJLJDQWLFWUDQVIRUPDWLRQ

Smarter maintenance as the Special trains equipped with sensors and basis of maintenance measuring equipment are also used to identify The Belgian railway network is one of the busiest the maintenance requirements of the linear in Europe, with 4,000 trains (passenger and infrastructure (rails and catenaries). These trains freight) in operation every day. To guarantee safe and sensors collect all the data in a central DQGSXQFWXDOUDLOWUDǫF,QIUDEHOPXVWUHJXODUO\ database. On this basis, it can be predicted when check, maintain and, where necessary, replace its the rail infrastructure will need to be maintained rail infrastructure. and renewed. Predictive maintenance is where we 6PDUWHUPDLQWHQDQFHDLPVDWPRUHHǫFLHQWDQG try to anticipate problems even before they arise. targeted maintenance of assets (rails, catenaries, points, signals and level crossings) by making Focusing on the safety LUC VANSTEENKISTE maximum use of digitalisation in combination of staff while working has a Bachelor’s degree in Information Science and with new operational working methods and An additional advantage is that the use of has been Director-General resources. To be able to manage all maintenance VHQVRUHTXLSSHGWUDLQVPHDQVWKDW,QIUDEHOVWDǨQR of Asset Management in a more targeted manner, we are working on the longer have to manually check 6,500km of tracks, at Infrabel since 2011. development of a gigantic digital platform. ZKLFKQDWXUDOO\EHQHǩWVVDIHW\2IFRXUVHRXU Luc’s career has seen UDLOZD\VWDǨZLOOVWLOOQHHGWRLQWHUYHQHLQWKHǩHOGWR him be Administrator- Director of Eurostar Group Digitalisation via sensors carry out the maintenance or to solve the problem. Ltd. & Eurostar UK Ltd. and measuring trains 7KHIRFXVRQLQFUHDVHGHǫFLHQF\LVRQO\SRVVLEOH (1998-2000), Managing At the beginning of 2014, Infrabel began the if we make full use of modern tools, such as our Director of RMF step-by-step digitalisation of the entire Belgian ‘Mobile Maintenance Unit’. This is a work train (2002-2004), General railway network. This is our ‘Smart Railway’ project. consisting of two wagons: One for the transport Manager of ICT of the SNCB (2000-2004), Managing We are making our localised infrastructure (points, RIWKHWRROVDQGDVHFRQG ZLWKRXWDǪRRU WKDWLV Director of Rail Access signals and level crossings) ‘smarter’ by installing HTXLSSHGDVDIXOO\ǪHGJHGZRUNVKRS7KLVODVW at Infrabel (2004-2011), sensors everywhere. This infrastructure lends wagon has laterally removable walls to increase the Chairman of RailNetEurope itself perfectly to the application of ‘embedded work space while ensuring safety in relation to train (2005-2012) and intelligence’ because it often concentrates on WUDǫFRQWKHDGMDFHQWWUDFN2XUVWDǨFDQZRUNLQ Administrator at TUC RAIL. DVSHFLǩFORFDWLRQ complete safety, even in harsh weather conditions. @GlobalRailway 9 DIGITALISATION

enter measurement data and take photos of any damage to the railway infrastructure. In this way, Infrabel creates a single, large database that is a collection of all assets and their components, indicating, among other things, their age, condition, previous maintenance information and installation date. By digitally and centrally managing all information, we are able to monitor and therefore predict maintenance better and quicker. At the touch of a button, components that are nearing the end of their VHUYLFHOLIHFDQEHLGHQWLǩHGDQGLQWHJUDWHGLQWR a renewal programme.

European leader in innovation Smart Railway is one of the largest digitalisation projects in Belgium and we are fully committed to smarter maintenance and digitalisation. We are RQHRIWKH(XURSHDQOHDGHUVLQWKLVǩHOG$UHFHQW ABOVE: Infrabel’s 3D One central database and international study by PricewaterhouseCoopers simulator for training tablets for use in the field and Mainnovation showed that Infrabel is at ‘lookout’ staff Smart Railway is implemented in close consultation the forefront of best practices and innovation with Infrabel’s maintenance teams and is LQWKHǩHOGRIUDLOLQIUDVWUXFWXUHPDLQWHQDQFH designed to support them. All the information our At the end of 2017, Infrabel received the Trends PDLQWHQDQFHVWDǨQHHGLVVHQWWRWKHLUWDEOHWV Digital Pioneers Award for Smart Railway, with 7HDPVLQWKHǩHOGFDQXVHWKHLUWDEOHWVWRYLHZ the jury rewarding the innovative and progressive component information, consult the required tasks, character of this digitalisation project. And at

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RailTech 2017, Infrabel received the Public ABOVE: Specially- Transport Innovation Award for the use of equipped sensor and measuring trains help to a simulator that works with virtual reality (3D) predict problems before and is used to train so-called lookouts. These are they occur employees who monitor the safety of their colleagues while they are carrying out track work.

New rail pads halve the noise nuisance from train traffic In addition, Infrabel has also developed a new generation of rail pads. These are small rubber pads that are placed between the concrete sleepers and the rails. They reduce the noise produced by a combination of trains and rail infrastructure by an average of three decibels. Compared with the previous rail pads, these new SDGVUHGXFHWKHQRLVHQXLVDQFHIURPUDLOWUDǫFE\ 50 per cent. The aim is to equip 100-150km of track a year, which corresponds to approximately 300,000 sleepers a year. With the new rail pads, Infrabel is proactively taking noise-reducing measures, and as a public company at the service of society, this is one of our priorities.

Digitalise fully and continue to evolve Knowledge is power and to innovate is to progress. Digitalisation really does contribute towards The future of The world’s first flexible, LPSURYLQJWKHHǨHFWLYHQHVVDQGHǫFLHQF\RI digitalisation will be closed-cell insulation to maintenance and thus to a safer, more reliable under discussion at meet EN 45545-2 fire pro- and better-quality rail network. tection requirements. In order to continue evolving, we are looking at other industries – such as the maintenance of wind farms in the North Sea – to permanently gain inspiration. By resolutely playing the digitalisation, Infrabel has entered the 21st century and is trying to set an example for other European rail globalrailwayreview.com/ infrastructure managers. digital-rail-revolution

@GlobalRailway

Tel.: +49 25 17 60 30 · [email protected] www.armacell.com INFRASTRUCTURE

Building a case for cost UHGXFWLRQVLQWKHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ of UK infrastructure

7KHFRVWRIHOHFWULǩFDWLRQLQWKH8.LVVXEVWDQWLDOO\KLJKHUWKDQLQRWKHU countries. Noel Dolphin, Director of Furrer+Frey, discusses how this is hindering the rail sector’s progress, and highlights a successful European case study that the UK could learn from.

12 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

HE 8.PDLQOLQHUDLOHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ programme has been a frequent feature RIWKHQHZVRYHUWKHSDVWǩYH\HDUV&RVW T increases have attracted intense public controversy and resulted in a U-turn by the UK Government with cancellation of several projects throughout 2017. The subsequent investigation, FRRUGLQDWHGE\WKH1DWLRQDO$XGLW2ǫFHRIWKH UK, highlighted that many decisions were based on cost. 'XULQJWKLVWLPHDFURVV(XURSHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ projects have ploughed on with no sign of the cost overruns experienced in the UK. In early spring 2018 the UK Government stated their determination to decarbonise the railway by 2040. We now have an opportunity to step back and look at the way HOHFWULǩFDWLRQLQIUDVWUXFWXUHSURMHFWVKDYHEHHQ managed and learn lessons from the success of The Schönbuchbahn was a single-track ABOVE: Route map of other countries. Costs must be reduced in the UK if railway, but as passenger numbers have the Schönbuchbahn HOHFWULǩFDWLRQLVWRVXUYLYH LQFUHDVHGVLJQLǩFDQWO\VLQFHWKHPLGV The Rail Industry Association (RIA) is currently the regional government decided to upgrade the collating case studies and benchmarking costs entire route. The route upgrade project from across Europe. From suppliers it is now clear included removing level crossings, canting WKDW8.HOHFWULǩFDWLRQFRVWVDUHRXWRINLOWHUZLWK the curves, upgrading the route’s speed to European norms. At Furrer+Frey we have been 100km/h, double-tracking on parts of the route, electrifying railways for almost 100 years, so in installing new depots, electrifying the route and order to support the work of the RIA we have providing new electric trains. looked at some recent European projects. 7KHDLPZDVWRVLJQLǩFDQWO\LQFUHDVHOLQHVSHHG Our most recent project, in Germany, and introduce a metro-style service with trains ǩQLVKHGQRWORQJDJRDQGSURYLGHGDQLGHDO every 15 minutes. case study representing a successful and FRVWHǨHFWLYHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQSURMHFW7KLVVWRU\LV Why electrification? QRWXQLTXH(OHFWULǩFDWLRQSURMHFWVDUHUHJXODUO\ 7KHUHJLRQDOJRYHUQPHQWFKRVHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ delivered successfully by companies across for several reasons: Europe. The experience of our own work – and knowledge of the projects of others – has forged O To tackle local air pollution issues and an understanding that the answer lies not in support wider climate change goals complicated algorithms, but in good railway project O (OHFWULǩFDWLRQKDVLPSURYHGUHOLDELOLW\ management fundamentals. compared to diesel trains ,Q*HUPDQ\WKHUHLVDUROOLQJHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ O 7KH\EHOLHYHGRQO\HOHFWULǩFDWLRQFRXOG NOEL DOLPHIN is a Director programme that aims to electrify 200km of support their new metro service, which at Furrer+Frey. Noel has track a year, every year, which creates a stable required faster trains, faster acceleration and worked on infrastructure work bank and leads to companies investing in more frequent trains for a new timetable projects for 20 years, with machinery and people. However, most importantly, O They wanted to attract people out of cars the past 10 focused on DUROOLQJSURJUDPPHRIHOHFWULǩFDWLRQUHGXFHVXQLW and onto the railway by providing a modern, delivering electrification projects – both renewals rates (the cost per kilometre). reliable railway with good connections. and new build. Noel is The Schönbuchbahn is a railway branch line currently focused on near Stuttgart that links regional suburbs and These are all arguments that clearly resonate Furrer+Frey’s Engineering villages to the South West of Stuttgart to the with our own urban and inter-urban transport Consultancy business and town of Böblingen. In turn, Böblingen links to aspirations and the initial reasoning behind other emerging markets projects. the centre of Stuttgart. UHFHQWHOHFWULǩFDWLRQSURMHFWVLQWKH8.

@GlobalRailway 13 INFRASTRUCTURE

O There are no Schedule 4 costs in most of Europe (possession access charges to train operating companies) and, unlike in the UK, there is no separate infrastructure owner that needs to pay a train operating company for the cost of cancellations or loss of tickets sales O The overhead line system used is 15kV, which is standard in Germany. If a UK 25kV system had been used, there would have been a slight cost increase (less than 10 per cent) O The Schönbuchbahn is a semi-urban branch line, passing through substantial amounts of countryside, but for a multi-track railway in a dense urban railway, the costs would be greater. ABOVE: Machinery used Cost of electrification on the Schönbuchbahn +RZHYHUHOHFWULǩFDWLRQFRVWVRQWKH Notwithstanding the aforementioned caveats, Schönbuchbahn project are a fraction of UK it is still clear that the costs are substantially HOHFWULǩFDWLRQFRVWV less than any achieved in the UK in recent years. The overall project cost £89.82 million, including the At £290,000 per STKM, it is less than a third of HOHFWULǩFDWLRQFRQVWUXFWLRQDQGPDWHULDOVZKLFKZHUH the UK aspiration and an even smaller fraction fPLOOLRQ7KHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQZDVIRU67.0 of current UK costs. and the majority of the 17.9km-long route was two-track with only some sections single-track. Questions raised The costs equated to £273,810 per kilometre per How has this been achieved and how can this be STKM for materials and construction. This includes the replicated in the UK – in particular, to allow for materials and installation of foundations, structures, EUDQFKOLQHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ" small part steelwork and registration equipment, plus conductors. Project management by the client An appropriate electrification system and design costs were budgeted separately, but 7KHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQV\VWHPXVHGZDVDSSURSULDWH ZKHQLQFOXGHGWKHWRWDOFRVWVIRUHOHFWULǩFDWLRQRIWKH for the route and line speeds. As the route was being Schönbuchbahn was £9.85 million, or £290,000 per upgraded to 100km/h, a suitable low-speed system kilometre per STKM. was used. This has lower tensions and lighter weight Of course, a note of caution is required when equipment than a higher speed system. making any comparisons – particularly with the UK. Each project often cuts budgets and funding Sequenced construction GLǨHUHQWO\DQGH[SHULHQFHVGLǨHUHQWFKDOOHQJHV The construction was sequenced to allow one For example, the Schönbuchbahn project activity at a time. For instance, the double-tracking encountered the following: FRQWUDFWZDVOHWWZR\HDUVEHIRUHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ This meant track work was complete and the track O No grid or additional feeding connections position known before work began. Furthermore, were needed, as Böblingen is already GHWDLOHGHOHFWULǩFDWLRQGHVLJQZDVǩQLVKHGEHIRUH connected to the regional overhead line WKHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQWHQGHUEDVHGRQDFWXDOWUDFN QHWZRUN WKHVHDUHRIWHQWKHPRVWVLJQLǩFDQW GDWDPHDQLQJDǩ[HGSULFHFRQWUDFWFRXOGEH FRVWVRQDQHOHFWULǩFDWLRQSURMHFW LVVXHGIRUHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ O There were no substantial support works for clearances needed – such as bridge rises, Incentivisation track lowering and parapet raising Construction was competitively tendered based on Dǩ[HGSULFHDQGNQRZQUHPLWFRPSOHWHGWUDFNZRUNV DQGǩQLVKHGGHWDLOHGGHVLJQV,QVWDOODWLRQWHQGHUHUV RIGHT: German electrification tender were thus priced on materials from a known bill volume by year, of quantities. The limited risk of unknown factors measured in single meant that there were few subsequent changes track kilometres and variations and, furthermore, the installation contractor was incentivised to complete the work in a minimal number of visits. This meant that they SODQQHGDQGH[HFXWHGHǫFLHQWO\WRHQVXUHDSURǩW RQDǩ[HGSULFHWHQGHU 14 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

Alignment of goals WKH\HDUUROOLQJSURJUDPPHRIHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ The railway is operated by the Württembergische across Germany has enabled the industry to Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (WEG) who operate the develop a stable, highly trained workforce. trains and maintain the track. This close alignment It has also lead to long-term investment in plant of work means there is also an alignment of and machinery. goals and all parties work congruently. While the The Schönbuchbahn project demonstrates that 8.RSHUDWHVDGLǨHUHQWPRGHOWKHDOLJQPHQW it is possible to electrify a route at a low cost. of goals by all parties would still make projects (OHFWULǩFDWLRQZDVFKRVHQDVLWLVSURYHQ PRUHHǫFLHQW technology, with a high reliability that can be GHOLYHUHGDǨRUGDEO\'HOLYHULQJWRFRVWLVDFKLHYHG Streamlined communications through railway project fundamentals, such as: and reduced overall costs Project teams within the construction contractor, O Incentivising contractors correctly design contractor and client have deliberately been O Sensible programme sequencing NHSWVPDOOWRPDNHWKHPOHDQDQGPRUHHǫFLHQW O Applying appropriate simple rules We now have Clearly the Schönbuchbahn route upgrade project and systems an opportunity to is a small project compared to large UK mainline O Aligning goals route upgrades; however, as a percentage of costs, O Keeping communication lines short step back and look the project management/central team is very small and project teams small at the way FRPSDUHGWR8.HOHFWULǩFDWLRQSURMHFWV:HEHOLHYH O Using a skilled workforce electrification this leads to streamlined communications and O Maintaining a rolling programme infrastructure reduced overall costs. RIHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ projects have been

managed and learn Skilled installation staff and Establishing a steady rolling programme of machinery investment HOHFWULǩFDWLRQLVWKHRQO\ZD\WRUHGXFHFRVWVDVLW lessons from the ,QVWDOODWLRQVWDǨDUHSULPDULO\IXOOWLPHGLUHFWO\SDLG allows the aforementioned project fundamentals success of other and highly skilled employees. The skills gained over to be implemented. countries

Furrer+Frey — Your Specialist Electrification Partner. From mainline high speed systems to urban light rail transport and everything in between.

[email protected] @furrerfreyGB www.furrerfrey.ch INFRASTRUCTURE Credit: ÖBB/Isochrom

Koralm Tunnel: 7KHǩUVWbreakthrough is imminent

Work on the Koralm railway between Graz and Klagenfurt in Austria is running at full throttle with 90 per cent already under construction or completed. The next big upcoming milestone is one of the most important WRGDWHǁWKHǩUVWEUHDNWKURXJKLQWKH.RUDOP7XQQHO

ABOVE: Visualisation HE 130km-long Koralm railway is one of tunnelling work on the Stein, Lind, Peraschitzen of the western portal of the most important transport infrastructure and Srejach tunnels in Carinthia, some of which the Koralm Tunnel projects in Europe. It is part of the new KDYHYHU\GLǫFXOWJHRORJ\DQGWKHWXQQHOOLQJ T Southern line and thus an essential section work on the Granitztal tunnel chain, have been of the Baltic-Adriatic corridor. From an Austrian successfully completed. The structural engineering point-of-view, the Koralm railway represents a decisive work for the future high-speed train station in structural improvement, especially for southern Western Styria has been in full swing since 2017. Austria as a business location. The shortest travel time between Graz and Klagenfurt will be reduced First breakthrough in the Koralm Tunnel from almost three hours at present to just 45 minutes. In addition, one of the most important milestones of the project of the century is expected this Ninety per cent under construction \HDUǁWKHǩUVWWXQQHOEUHDNWKURXJKLQWKHVRXWKHUQ The heart of the project is the 33km-long tube of the Koralm Tunnel. There are fewer than Koralm Tunnel. In addition, the new six kilometres to go to the second breakdown high-performance line consists of 12 new stations, in the north tunnel. A special feature here are over 100 bridges and numerous other tunnels. WKHYHU\GLǨHUHQWURFNYDULDQWVLQWKHPRXQWDLQ Approximately 90 per cent of the high-performance Kora – the Carinthian tunnel boring machine in the line is now under construction or completed. north tunnel – was therefore designed so that it With the exception of one section between FDQEHFRQYHUWHG$IWHUKDYLQJGULYHQWKHǩUVWǩYH Feldkirchen and Weitendorf, all sections are either kilometres as a soft stone machine, the rest will be under construction or complete. In particular, the done as a hard stone machine. 16 globalrailwayreview.com

INFRASTRUCTURE

Pioneering achievements therefore considered pioneering work. After all, six More than 800 people and three tunnel boring million cubic metres of excavated material have to machines are employed in the construction of be removed from the mountain, which corresponds WKH.RUDOP7XQQHO,WLVDZRUOGǩUVWIRUDWXQQHO to the volume of two Cheops pyramids. Most boring machine to be in continuous use in hard of this volume is natural, largely recyclable rock for more than 17km – and 1,200m below construction material. Approximately four million the summit cross. The logistical challenges are cubic metres are used as bulk material for noise EDUULHUVUDLOZD\HPEDQNPHQWVǩOWHUJUDYHORU aggregate for concrete.

One of the three tunnel boring machines in the Koralm Tunnel Outlook for the technical equipment Completion of the shell will be followed by installation of the technical equipment. The trains along the Koralm railway are supplied with environmentally-friendly electrical energy. An innovative power rail which enables speeds of up to 250km/h is thus also used in the Koralm Tunnel. However, numerous other facilities are required in addition to the overhead line and the track system in order to complete the railway. Modern train safety technology, the European Credit: ÖBB/Franz Georg Train Control System (ETCS), controls aspects such as the speed and direction of the trains and data is continuously transmitted via a dedicated radio network (GSM-R). If the speed limit is exceeded, the Ongoing construction work in the Koralm Tunnel system can automatically brake and bring the train to a stop before a hazardous point is reached.

Part of the Baltic-Adriatic corridor In a European context, the Koralm railway – together with the Semmering Base Tunnel and Vienna Main Station – is considered to be a key project along the Baltic-Adriatic corridor. The aim of the corridor is to connect individual regions and up-and-coming economic areas between the Baltic and the Adriatic with each other. At the hub in Vienna, for example, it meets other TEN (Trans-European-Networks) corridors in the EU’s Credit: ÖBB/Franz Georg core network, such as the Rhine-Danube corridor.

Construction site of the Koralm Tunnel in Leibenfeld (Styria) ABOUT ÖBB- INFRASTRUKTUR AG

With around 18,000 employees, ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG plans, develops, maintains and operates the entire ÖBB rail infrastructure which includes train stations, routes, buildings, terminals, telecommunication systems and plants for environmentally-friendly railways. They manage the total property assets and are therefore one of the largest property owners and developers in Austria. Within the company, the majority of ÖBB apprenticeships and the railway-specific, operational and technical training are integrated. On behalf of the federal government, ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG invests more than €2 billion into the Austrian rail network each year and provides state-of-the-art railway technology. ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG is a 100 per cent subsidiary of ÖBB-Holding AG and wholly-owned by the Republic of Austria.

18 globalrailwayreview.com Credit: ÖBB/Leibenfeld For over 110 years, Harsco Rail has been a leader in the industry. The company continues to provide high-quality products and services KEEPING while exceeding customer expectations with COMMERCE innovative solutions for the maintenance of way. Best-In-Class Equipment Cutting-Edge Safety and Efficiency Technology Contracting Services Parts and Service ON TRACK On-Site Training Products and Services

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT: T +44 (0) 1773 539480 E [email protected] WEB HARSCORAIL.COM EVENT REVIEW

žĔúŰłŜƥƐúŰĔęĸčŦƑú learned at the International Òęĭ%úƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰ conference

The International Rail Development conference took place on 22-23 May in Brussels and brought together attendees from all corners of the rail sector to discuss some of the biggest developments currently impacting the industry.

=peĭÒşčúɁŦîÒĭúęĸČşÒŦŰşŸîŰŸşúŜşłħúîŰŦȦ =şłĶŦĶÒşŰÒŦŦúŰŦÒĸôÒşŰęƥîęÒĭęĸŰúĭĭęčúĸîú íÒşşęúşŦŰĔÒŰŦŰęĭĭúƖęŦŰÒĶłĸčŦŰ+¥ĶúĶíúş ŰłŰúîĔĸłĭłčęîÒĭôúƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰŦÒĸôúƐúĸ ŰłôęčęŰÒĭęŦúô ž½ÒĸôúƐúĸŸŦęĸčDz% ŦŰÒŰúŦŰłîşúÒŰúÒŸĸęƥúôŦęĸčĭúşÒęĭƑÒƗ developing ties within the sector itself, the ŜşęĸŰęĸčŰłĶÒĪúŜÒşŰŦȦôęčęŰÒĭęŦÒŰęłĸęŦ ĶÒşĪúŰȦɊŦÒęô+ĭęŦÒíúŰĔ¾úşĸúşȦ%ęşúîŰłş conference explored various aspects of how ČŸĸôÒĶúĸŰÒĭęĸŰĔúČŸŰŸşúłČŰşÒĸŦŜłşŰȫ Land Transport, Directorate General Mobility rail is developing today and in what ways ɉ%ęčęŰÒĭęŦŰĔúíęčíŸƠƠƑłşôȦɊ”ęĶłĸ ʓžşÒĸŦŜłşŰÒŰŰĔú+ŸşłŜúÒĸ łĶĶęŦŦęłĸȫ ŰĔúŦúôúƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰŦƑęĭĭęĶŜÒîŰŰĔúČŸŰŸşúȫ =ĭúŰîĔúşŦÒęôôŸşęĸčĔęŦîĭłŦęĸčŦŜúúîĔȫɉžĔú “[The EU’s] rail networks are growing In fact, the day began with an opening ČŸŰŸşúęŦôęčęŰÒĭȷÒĸôȸôÒŰÒęŦşęîĔȫŠúłŜĭú worldwide, and that’s why connectivity, panel to discuss that very topic: What like to say that ‘data is the new oil’, but we ĶÒĪęĸčŦŸşúŰĔú+ŸşłŜúÒĸĸúŰƑłşĪęŦĭęĸĪúô is the future of rail? So, did we answer ĔÒƐúɔŰłĔÒşĸúŦŦŰĔęŦŰłčúŰĔúşȫɊ ęĸŰłŰĔęŦȦęŦƐúşƗęĶŜłşŰÒĸŰȫ¾úƑÒĸŰŰł ŰĔÒŰŞŸúŦŰęłĸȬEúşúÒşúƥƐúŰĔęĸčŦ ensure the European networks are linking we learned at the International Rail 3. Financing úČČúîŰęƐúĭƗęĸŰłęĸŰúşĸÒŰęłĸÒĭşłŸŰúŦȫɊ %úƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰîłĸČúşúĸîúȧ With the World Bank attending the The idea of connection was also explored îłĸČúşúĸîúȦƥĸÒĸîęĸčƑÒŦÒĪúƗęŦŦŸúȦ with the ideas of rail alliances and the 1. Multi-modality ƑęŰĔeÒşŰĔÒ\ÒƑşúĸîúČşłĶŰĔú¾łşĭô need for the industry to work together to ĪúƗúĭúĶúĸŰÒŰŰĔúJĸŰúşĸÒŰęłĸÒĭÒęĭ ÒĸĪôęŦîŸŦŦęĸčŰĔúŰłŜęîČşłĶęŰŦíÒŦęîŦȾ îşúÒŰúĭÒşčúɁŦîÒĭúşÒęĭŜşłħúîŰŦÒĸôúƖŜĭłşú %úƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰîłĸČúşúĸîúƑĔúĸôęŦîŸŦŦęĸč ɉƥĸÒĸîęĸčęŦĸłŰČşúúĶłĸúƗȫJŰɌŦęĶŜłşŰÒĸŰ new technologies to ensure the industry ČŸŰŸşúşÒęĭôúƐúĭłŜĶúĸŰŦƑÒŦŰĔúęĸôŸŦŰşƗɌŦ ŰĔÒŰęĸƐúŦŰĶúĸŰŦȷŰĔÒŰÒşúȸĶÒôúÒşú ôúƐúĭłŜŦČŸşŰĔúşȫ ĸúúô۳ȳîŸŦłĸĶŸĭŰęɁĶłôÒĭŰşÒƐúĭŰł ŜşłƥŰÒíĭúúĸłŸčĔŰĔÒŰŰĔúƗîÒĸŜÒƗČłş úĸŦŸşúşÒęĭęŦÒƐęÒíĭúÒĸôúČƥîęúĸŰĶłôú ŰĔúĶŦúĭƐúŦłƐúşŰęĶúɊȾŰłŰÒĪęĸčŰĔęŦ 5. Learning łČŰĔúŰşÒĸŦŜłşŰŰłôÒƗÒĸôęĸŰĔúČŸŰŸşúȫ ČŸşŰĔúşÒĸôúƖŜĭłşęĸčĶúŰĔłôŦłĸĔłƑŰł The idea of connecting as an industry also ŦɔXúÒĸɁŠęúşşú\łŸíęĸłŸƖȦ%ęşúîŰłş>úĸúşÒĭ čúŰƥĸÒĸîęĸčȥɉžĔúĪúƗŰłÒîîúŦŦęĸčȷƐÒşęłŸŦȸ brought together the idea of the industry łČŰĔúJĸŰúşĸÒŰęłĸÒĭ¥ĸęłĸłČÒęĭƑÒƗŦȹ¥J Ⱥ ŦłŸşîúŦłČƥĸÒĸîęĸčęŦŰłíúîşúôęŰɁƑłşŰĔƗȫɊ ĭúÒşĸęĸčČşłĶúÒîĔłŰĔúşŰłíúîłĶúĶłşú said during the opening plenary: “The word =ęĸÒĸîęĸčęŦÒČŸĸôÒĶúĸŰÒĭúĭúĶúĸŰ úČƥîęúĸŰȫžĔęŦęŦúŦŜúîęÒĭĭƗşúĭúƐÒĸŰƑĔúĸęŰ ɋęĸŰúşĶłôÒĭęŰƗɌĔÒŦíúîłĶúłŜŰęɁĶłôÒĭęŰƗ when discussing the future of rail, as large- îłĶúŦŰłĸúƑęĸĸłƐÒŰęłĸŦÒĸôęôúÒŦȫ [and] today we’re even talking about ŦîÒĭúşÒęĭŜşłħúîŰŦşúŞŸęşúÒĔęčĔĭúƐúĭłČ Ŧ”ęĶłĸ=ĭúŰîĔúşîłĸîĭŸôúôęĸĔęŦ ĶłôÒĭęĸŰúčşÒŰęłĸȫ ęĸƐúŦŰĶúĸŰȦƑęŰĔÒƐúşƗĭłĸčɁŰúşĶşúŰŸşĸ îĭłŦęĸčŦŜúúîĔȥɉJŰɌŦŞŸęŰúîĭúÒşƑúîÒĸĸłŰ “Rail is interoperability, or the integration łĸŰĔúŦúęĸƐúŦŰĶúĸŰŦȫJŰęŦÒŰłŜęîŰĔÒŰęŦ [develop] in splendid isolation, each in our łČĶłôúŦíúŰƑúúĸşúčęłĸŦȦîłŸĸŰşęúŦÒĸô rarely discussed within rail events and it was łƑĸĭęŰŰĭúÒşúÒŦłşƑłşĭôŦȧƑúĶŸŦŰíú îłĸŰęĸúĸŰŦȫžĔęŦĶúÒĸŦĭłĸčôęŦŰÒĸîúŦ îĭúÒşŰĔÒŰŰĔęŦęŦŦłĶúŰĔęĸčŰĔÒŰĸúúôŦŰłíú úČƥîęúĸŰȦÒĸôƑúɌƐúŰÒĭĪúôÒíłŸŰúČƥîęúĸîƗ ÒĸôɔęĸŰúşĸÒŰęłĸÒĭĭęĸĪŦȫȷ=łşŰĔúşÒęĭŦúîŰłş úƖŜĭłşúôČŸşŰĔúşęĸŰĔúČŸŰŸşúȫ ôşęƐúŦȫ¾úĶŸŦŰĶÒƖęĶęŦúłŜŜłşŰŸĸęŰęúŦÒĸô ŰłôúƐúĭłŜČŸşŰĔúşȸÒĭĭĶłôúŦƑęŰĔĔÒƐúŰł ÒíłƐúÒĭĭíúŦĶÒşŰȫ¾úĸúúôŰłíúîĭúƐúşȫ ÒôħŸŦŰŞŸęîĪúşÒĸôŰłčúŰĔúşȫɊ 4. Connections žĔúČŸŰŸşúęŦíşęčĔŰȫžĔúČŸŰŸşúęŦşÒęĭÒŦÒ The topic of ‘connecting’ was explored ŦƗŦŰúĶÒĸôęŰîÒĸłĸĭƗíúşŸĸÒŦÒŦƗŦŰúĶęČ 2. Digitalisation łĸĶŸĭŰęŜĭúĭúƐúĭŦŰĔşłŸčĔłŸŰŰĔú ęŰɌŦčłęĸčŰłíúúČƥîęúĸŰȫɊ There were several sessions within the îłĸČúşúĸîúȰČşłĶŰĔúČŸĸôÒĶúĸŰÒĭęôúÒ conference that focused on digitalisation łČşÒęĭɔîłĸĸúîŰęĸčÒşúÒŦÒĸôîłŸĸŰşęúŦȦŰł ÒĸôęŰŦęĶŜłşŰÒĸîúęĸôúƐúĭłŜęĸčŰĔúşÒęĭƑÒƗ ÒîŰŸÒĭĭƗîłĸĸúîŰęĸčŰłčúŰĔúşÒŦÒĸęĸôŸŦŰşƗȫ globalrailwayreview.com/ international-rail-development ŦúîŰłşŰłíúĶłşúŦŸŦŰÒęĸÒíĭúÒĸôúČƥîęúĸŰȫ ɉpŸşĶÒęĸłíħúîŰęƐúęŦŰłíşúÒĪôłƑĸŰĔú 20 globalrailwayreview.com ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS

The rail sector is changing at rapid pace with numerous innovative digital technologies now playing a crucial role in how tracks are run and maintained. Among these modern infrastructure changes, the development of rolling stock should not be overlooked – the comfort and performance of trains is just as important as developing the tracks they operate on. IN-DEPTH FOCUS | ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS

Designing rolling stock of the future with new materials and smart designs

If the rail sector is to remain globally competitive, Europe’s rail industry requires a step change when it comes to the technology and design of the next generation of rail vehicles. The use of innovative materials and modular designs are key for success. Safety Department colleagues at the RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Per Blomqvist and Johan Sandström, look at the Mat4Rail project, which aims to reduce train weight by replacing metal SDUWVZLWKǩEUHUHLQIRUFHGSRO\PHUV )53V DQGLQFUHDVHWUDLQFDSDFLW\DQG comfort with a built-in modular interior design.

OMPOSITE materials that contain light, The Mat4Rail1 EU project, under the Shift2Rail repairable and corrosion resistant programme, consists of a multi-disciplinary properties have demonstrated a high consortium of seven SMEs, three large industries, Cpotential for lighter, more energy- and ǩYH57'VRQHXQLYHUVLW\DQGWKHH[SHULHQFHDQG FRVWHǫFLHQWVWUXFWXUDOFRPSRQHQWVIRUVHFWRUV skills required to deliver innovations that can, such as the aeronautic and automotive industries. and will be, used by the European railway industry. However, many structural composites that are currently available do not meet the Fire, Smoke and Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking Toxicity (FST) requirements of the railway sector The Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking (S2R JU), one and thus cannot be used for the manufacturing of the public-private partnerships (PPP) within the of rolling stock car body shell parts. Furthermore, European Horizon 2020 research programme, the structural design and testing of mechanical was created to coordinate and drive innovation properties are more complicated, worsened by the in the railway sector, improving the costs, lack of experience that is present in the rail sector. capacity, reliability and punctuality of trains 22 globalrailwayreview.com DQGLQIUDVWUXFWXUH6KLIW5DLOFRPSULVHVRIǩYH Mat4Rail will LQQRYDWLYHSURJUDPPHVWKHǩUVWRIZKLFKDSSOLHV benefit several for Mat4Rail, and aims at improving performance stakeholder groups, and reliability, increasing capacity and energy including the rail HǫFLHQF\DQGUHGXFLQJOLIHF\FOHFRVWV supply industry, The Mat4Rail project rail operators, As one of 31 running projects under S2R JU, the passengers and Mat4Rail project has been granted €3.5 million the European to address these challenges and initiate a step economy change in the technology and design of the next generation of rail vehicles; securing the global competitiveness of Europe’s rail industry. Necessary for success are innovative materials and modular designs of rolling stock, to which Mat4Rail LVGHYRWLQJLWVHǨRUWV7KLVWZR\HDUSURMHFWWDNHV DǩUVWVWHSWRZDUGVUHGXFLQJWUDLQZHLJKWUHSODFLQJ PHWDOSDUWVZLWKǩEUHUHLQIRUFHGSRO\PHUV )53V  WKDWDUHǩUHWHVWHGDQGPHFKDQLFDOO\DSSURYHG The project also presents new innovations that increase capacity and passenger comfort via built-in modularity of train interior design. 0DW5DLOZLOOEHQHǩWVHYHUDOVWDNHKROGHU groups, including the rail supply industry, rail operators, passengers and the European economy. The project will enable new composites with improved performance to be introduced to the market – making them available for the rail supply

@GlobalRailway IN-DEPTH FOCUS | ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS

ABOVE: Members industry, reduce the weight of rolling stock car body a new innovative ‘plug and play’ system for wagon of the Mat4Rail shell sections by up to 30 per cent with developed interiors, innovative seats and a new driver’s desk. project consortium lightweight FPRs and optimise access door systems in terms of architecture and materials. Fire safety Furthermore, new functions will be integrated in the The Safety Department within the RISE Research rolling stock car body shell with increased interior Institutes of Sweden2 directs the testing work and space and new joint concepts for composites characterisation of FRPs and joints. Fire tests are developed. Innovations for seats and the driver’s conducted by RISE Fire Research with a focus stand will improve capacity, performance and RQERWKUHDFWLRQWRǩUHDQGǩUHUHVLVWDQFH comfort, and in the long run, Mat4Rail will evidently HQVXULQJWKHFRPSRVLWHPDWHULDOVFUHDWHGIXOǩOWKH create commercial opportunities for the rail requirements posed by the European standard for supply industry. materials in trains (EN 45545). The Mat4Rail project consortium comprises 5HDFWLRQWRǩUHLVDSURGXFWDžVSURSHUWLHV RIOHDGLQJVFLHQWLVWVIURPǩYHUHVHDUFKLQVWLWXWLRQVDQG regarding the production of heat, smoke and market leaders from 10 relevant industries and highly WR[LFJDVHV5HDFWLRQWRǩUHUHTXLUHPHQWVDUH innovative SMEs. Assembling experts in engineering given in EN 45545-2 for materials and products and materials research, as well as industrial and that are used for interior and exterior applications JOHAN SANDSTRÖM product design from seven European countries, in a railway vehicle. As FRPs are combustible, works as a Researcher in the Safety Department at HQDEOHVDQHǫFLHQWLQGXVWU\DFDGHPLDFROODERUDWLRQ as well as the adhesives used for joints, it is RISE Research Institutes of ZKLFKFDQPDNHDVLJQLǩFDQWFRQWULEXWLRQWRWKH LPSRUWDQWWRFKDUDFWHULVHWKHUHDFWLRQWRǩUH Sweden. Johan has a PhD in railway of the future. properties throughout the development chain Applied Mechanics where he RIDQHZ)53PDWHULDOWRGHVLJQDǩUHVDIHDQG worked with fatigue issues Workstreams approved product. in rails and wheels and is an expert in mechanical analysis The project is divided into two workstreams: Fire resistance is a construction’s properties and durability. He has Materials and Interior Design. In the Materials UHJDUGLQJǩUHLQVXODWLRQVPRNHDQGǪDPH participated in different :RUNVWUHDPQHZPRGLǩHGSRO\PHULFUHVLQV WLJKWQHVVDQGVWUXFWXUDOLQWHJULW\XQGHUDǩUHORDG European research projects (benzoxazine respective epoxy based) will be ,QDUDLOZD\YHKLFOHWKHUHDUHVSHFLǩFDUHDVWKDW related to mechanics, fatigue GHYHORSHGIRUSURGXFLQJǩUHVDIH)53V-RLQLQJ DUHDVVRFLDWHGZLWKǩUHUHVLVWDQFHUHTXLUHPHQWV and reliability and is currently responsible for the testing technologies for the FRPs will be established and Examples are divisions between the passenger programme of mechanical both structural elements of FRPs and joints will be DQGGULYHUDžVFDEFULWLFDOXQGHUǪRRUDSSOLDQFHVDQG properties of composites in FKDUDFWHULVHGUHJDUGLQJǩUHDQGPHFKDQLFDOVDIHW\ luggage compartments. The requirements are the Mat4Rail EU project. properties. The Interior Design Workstream includes given in EN 45545-3 where tests are conducted the design and conceptual demonstration of XVLQJIXOOVFDOHǩUHUHVLVWDQFHIXUQDFHV DYHUWLFDO 24 globalrailwayreview.com furnace has a 3m x 3m opening). However, EN 45545-3 gives room for using a reduced scale furnace. Demonstration tests will be conducted by RISE using reduced scale furnaces up to a size of P[PFKDUDFWHULVLQJWKHǩUHUHVLVWDQFHRI)53 elements and joints of FRPs and aluminium.

Mechanical characterisation Mechanical testing of materials, in regard to both PER BLOMQVIST works as fatigue and static strength, are being performed a Senior Research Scientist by RISE Mechanics Research. Structural strength in the Safety Department of railcars is regulated by several EN-standards. at RISE Research Institutes For passenger trains, the most important is of Sweden. Per has a PhD in Fire Technology and is EN 12663-1: ‘Railway applications – structural an expert on reaction-to- UHTXLUHPHQWVRIUDLOZD\YHKLFOHERGLHVDž,WVSHFLǩHV fire properties of materials which loads are to be designed with requirements and products. He has on the strength of used materials. Various load participated in different cases are given, for example, static cases where European research projects related to fire protection loads due to gravity, normal operations and of rolling stock including accidental loads of moderate magnitude are the TRANSFEAU project on included. Also fatigue load cases are of importance, smoke toxicity and the Fire constituting of loads that are repeated frequently Resist project on lightweight due to vibrations and frequent operations. materials for transport applications. Per is currently The structural design is divided in two parts: the Work Package Leader for Calculation of loads and determination of material testing and characterisation strength. In the Mat4Rail project, the partner IMA in the Mat4Rail EU project. (IMA Materialforschung und Andwendungstechnik GMBH) performs the load analysis and stress calculations for rail vehicles with composite materials. Material testing, focused on joints between composites and other materials, is led by the University of Bremen. RISE performs testing on the composite materials. Of the mechanical elements, the fatigue properties of the materials and components are the most demanding to determine through testing. Fatigue testing is performed by applying a load on a sample multiple times, which is then repeated IRUGLǨHUHQWORDGOHYHOVWRDFFRXQWIRUWKHODUJH scatter in fatigue testing. According to EN 12663-1, designing should be performed for load repetitions up to 10 million, implying several tests need to be repeated up to 10 million times. For metals, fatigue properties and testing methods are well known and established compared to the case of composites. REFERENCES For composites, only static testing is standardised in standards such as EN and ASTM. A major objective 1. www.mat4rail.eu in the Mat4Rail project is thus to perform and 2. www.ri.se develop fatigue testing that works for composites.

MAT4RAIL FACTS AND FIGURES

Mat4Rail1 is a research project that has received funding from the Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 777595. It involves 16 organisations from seven European countries with CIDETEC, Spain, as the Coordinator. With a total project budget of €3.5 million, the project started on 1 October 2017 and will end on 30 September 2019.

@GlobalRailway IN-DEPTH FOCUS | ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS

On track: Refurbished trains for Grand Central

$VWKHǩUVWRI*UDQG&HQWUDODžVUHIXUELVKHG FTER nearly two years of planning, it was extremely satisfying to see the trains rolls into service in England, ǩUVWRIRXUIXOO\UHIXUELVKHG&ODVV Fleet Director, 'DYLG+DWǩHOG, gives us A Adelante trains roll onto the tracks en route to London and into daily service. an insight on upgrading the open access 7KH$GHODQWHǪHHWLVDURXQG\HDUVROG WUDLQRSHUDWRUDžVHQWLUHǪHHWRIUROOLQJVWRFN and over the next 12 months we will be fully refurbishing and upgrading the interiors and in 2018 – part of a multi-million-pound exteriors of our trains – part of a £9 million investment programme. LQYHVWPHQWSURJUDPPH7KLVLQFOXGHVWKHǩYH trains that were recently transferred from Great Western Railway (GWR). As Grand Central1 enters its second decade LQEXVLQHVVZHDžUHGHOLJKWHGWREULQJWKLVǩUVW refurbished Adelante train back into service and show our customers what we have been working Our whole company ethos is built around understanding on behind the scenes. what is important to our customers and it’s critical that :LWKWKHǩUVWWUDLQQRZLQVHUYLFHRXUUHQRYDWLRQ programme is well underway and over the coming investment in our rolling stock is part of our overall offer months more and more trains will come into service as the upgrades continue throughout 2018. 26 globalrailwayreview.com Credit: Andy Brown

At Grand Central we have a genuine commitment to provide the best possible passenger experience and connect communities along our North East and West Riding routes with London. In the planning and design stages of the project, we’ve given much thought to the interior and exterior of these trains, always focusing on potential EHQHǩWVIRUWKHSDVVHQJHU:RUNLQJFORVHO\ZLWKRXU suppliers, our overarching design focus has always As Fleet Director for Grand been the comfort and convenience of both our Central for the last seven years, DAVID HATFIELD leisure and business travellers. has responsibility for We have examined in detail the best way to bring maintenance of the Class 180 these aspects up-to-date and deliver a better travel fleet. Previous roles include experience, whilst retaining the elements we know Programme Manager for are valued in Grand Central, such as plenty of leg the tram-train pilot scheme and Professional Head of room and table seating. Engineering for Northern This includes everything from a full interior Rail. Dave has 40 years’ refresh to refurbishing the seats with new cushions, industry experience, including fabrics and leather edging in standard class. managing the introduction of :HDžYHDOVRODLGQHZǪRRULQJWKURXJKRXWWKHWUDLQ new-build rolling stock. DQGFDUULHGRXWDIXOOUHǩWRIRXUWRLOHWIDFLOLWLHV

@GlobalRailway GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

ABOVE: Interior refresh: as well as improved disabled access and baby Our whole company ethos is built around Refurbished seats in changing facilities. understanding what is important to our customers standard class Again, with passenger on-board comfort and and it’s critical that investment in our rolling stock customer experience front of mind, we’ve upgraded LVSDUWRIRXURYHUDOORǨHU a full suite of facilities. This includes making I’m certain that passengers using this, and improvements to an array of elements such as forthcoming, trains will experience their journeys UHYDPSHGFDWHULQJIDFLOLWLHVZLWKEDULVWDFRǨHH on Grand Central in greater comfort, smart PDFKLQHVLQVWDOODWLRQRIHQHUJ\HǫFLHQW/(' surroundings and with enhanced on-board lighting and relocating the power sockets to enable facilities. We happily await the arrival of more the charging of mobile phones, laptops and other refurbished trains into service throughout the next electrical devices. few months. We’ve also given our train a full repaint inside We pride ourselves on listening to our and out for a brighter, fresher look and feel. passengers and taking on board their feedback. 7KHUHVWRIRXUǪHHWZLOODOVRUHFHLYHWKHVDPH They’ve told us what is most important to them and treatment over the coming months –including our that’s why we’re investing £9 million to improve ǩYHQHZO\DFTXLUHGWUDLQVIURP*:5ZKLFKZLOOEH WKHFRPIRUWDQGUHOLDELOLW\RIRXUHQWLUHǪHHW rebranded in Grand Central livery as part of the and services. improvement programme. Our customer focus-led approach has already The refurbishment work is being undertaken by paid dividends and we’re looking forward to Arriva TrainCare (ATC) at their depot in Eastleigh, VHHLQJFRQWLQXHGVXFFHVVǁIRUWKHEHQHǩWRIERWK After nearly HQDEOLQJ*UDQG&HQWUDOWREHQHǩWIURP$UULYD passengers and us as a business. Grand Central Group’s extensive train refurbishment capability. was recently rated number one train operator for two years of This is a complex project and the planning, logistics overall journey satisfaction, as well as being voted planning, it was and implementation of the upgrade has, of course, not best value long-distance train operator for the sixth extremely satisfying been plain sailing. As often happens on refurbishment year running in the National Rail Passenger Survey to see the first of our programmes of this type, unexpected problems arise. (Transport Focus, Autumn 2017). fully refurbished However, we are working closely with ATC and eagerly In January 2018, Grand Central was also named Class 180 Adelante anticipate the arrival of more trains coming into the highest rated train operator among British service over the next few months. It’s an exciting time leisure and commuter travellers by consumer trains roll onto the and the whole refurbishment programme is part of champion Which? tracks en route to Grand Central’s wider ongoing investment programme, :HZLOOFRQWLQXHWRLQYHVWLQRXUǪHHWDQGVHUYLFHV London and into making enhancements to the customer experience and will explore opportunities for further growth for daily service on-board, online and at stations. WKHEHQHǩWRIRXUFXUUHQWDQGIXWXUHFXVWRPHUV DID YOU KNOW…

Grand Central Railway Company best value rail operator for the sixth operates North East services between Limited is an established train operator year in a row, as well as top operator Sunderland, Hartlepool, Eaglescliffe, that provides direct rail connections for overall passenger satisfaction Northallerton, Thirsk, York and London from towns and cities in Yorkshire (96 per cent). King’s Cross. Grand Central is part of and the North East of England with Grand Central operates West Riding the Arriva group, one of the leading London. Established in 2007, Grand services between Bradford Interchange, providers of passenger transport in REFERENCE Central’s customer satisfaction levels Low Moor, Halifax, Brighouse, Mirfield, Europe. Arriva employs more than are consistently high. In the National Wakefield Kirkgate, Pontefract 60,000 people and delivers over two Rail Passenger Survey (Autumn 2017), Monkhill, Doncaster and London billion passenger journeys across 1. www.grandcentralrail.com the rail company was named Britain’s King’s Cross. The rail operator also 14 European countries each year.

28 globalrailwayreview.com IN-DEPTH FOCUS | ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS

VIA Rail’s modernisation: Reimagining the Canadian journey

Four years ago, Yves Desjardins-Siciliano was appointed President and Chief ([HFXWLYH2ǫFHURI9,$5DLO&DQDGDZLWKDFOHDUREMHFWLYH7RHQVXUHWKDWLQWHU city passenger rail continued to play a key role in the economic prosperity of Canada. Since then, Yves tells Global Railway Review, that with the support of an exceptional and dedicated team, they have laid the groundwork for attaining their renewed vision of a more relevant and modern VIA Rail.

VER THE past four years, on a regular 22 per cent compared to 2015; placing us six points basis, I visited every VIA Rail regional over the average score for Crown Corporations RǫFHDQGPDLQWHQDQFHFHQWUH DQGRQO\ǩYHSRLQWVEHORZWKH&DQDGLDQDYHUDJH OOn each train trip, I spoke with This phenomenal increase in employee engagement those best placed to know – our passengers and LVWKHGLUHFWHǨHFWRIOLVWHQLQJWRDQGHPSRZHULQJ FUHZVǁDQGDPDVVHGVLJQLǩFDQWIHHGEDFNLQYROYLQJ employees so that they can continue to exemplify GLǨHUHQWYLHZVDQGSHUFHLYHGRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRU all that is good at VIA Rail: Commitment to the task LPSURYHGWUDYHORQ9,$5DLOWUDLQV7KHLUǩUVWKDQG at hand, respect for customers and teammates, LQSXWLVUHǪHFWHGLQVHYHUDORIRXUSURǩWDEOHVHUYLFH dedication to public service and resilience in the face enhancements that have led to the successes we’ve of challenges beyond one’s control. recorded since 2014. Moreover, they’ve provided us with a roadmap to our future. Trains: The more environmentally- The end of 2017 marked our 15th straight friendly option quarter of revenue growth and eighth 2XUHǨRUWVWRLQFUHDVHRXUULGHUVKLSQRWRQO\ consecutive quarter of increased ridership. for the good of the Canadian economy and This illustrates that greater numbers of Canadians the Canadian population, but also for the good are recognising our service value and making the of the environment, are vital to both our vision to be smart choice to take the train. Meanwhile, internally, the smarter alternative for moving people and our we increased our employee engagement score by inclusive growth strategy heading towards 2025. @GlobalRailway 29 IN-DEPTH FOCUS | ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS

RIGHT: The Honourable Marc Garneau, Canadian Minister of Transport, at the announcement of the fleet renewal programme

The new fleet In 2015, the transportation sector was the second within the current constraints of our operating will allow us to largest source of GHG emissions, accounting for environment. For this reason, in December 2016 pursue our 24 per cent of total national emissions. Of that, we submitted a plan to the Government of Canada commitment to SHUFHQWZDVVSHFLǩFDOO\DWWULEXWDEOHWRWKHXVH to build a dedicated passenger rail, termed High of personal vehicles. In order to shape Canada’s Frequency Rail (HFR), within the busiest Toronto– remaining the most evolution towards a more sustainable future Ottawa–Montreal–Quebec corridor. Our HFR project accessible national it is imperative that we provide an accessible would lead to a reduction of 98 per cent of VIA Rail’s and inter-city mode DQGDǨRUGDEOHDOWHUQDWLYHWRFDUVDQGVXSSRUW GHG compared to our current emissions. It would of transportation the necessary shift towards a more sustainable reduce the carbon footprint of Canadian travellers in Canada transportation system. by over 13 million tonnes, make train travel more To stimulate this shift away from car use and convenient and, according to conservative estimates, toward taking the train, we must meet the needs triple our ridership. It would create inclusive growth of our passengers by providing a reliable service for all Canadians through universal accessibility, job with more frequent and shorter trips. These needs creation, economic stimulus and access to property can only be met through greater access to rail for young families, while eliminating VIA Rail’s BELOW: Modern infrastructure, in areas where markets can justify current operating subsidy for the corridor. trainsets will provide dedicated passenger rail corridors. As we mark our 40th anniversary, we have many better amenities and improved comfort The results we have achieved since 2014 accomplishments to celebrate and our vision is for travellers are impressive, but we are reaching a plateau clearer than ever.

Fleet renovation Thanks to the funds granted by the Government of Canada in both the 2017 and 2018 budgets, our transformation plan aimed at engaging Canadians in a more sustainable future is continuing to PDWHULDOLVH7KLVSODQLQFOXGHVUHQRYDWLQJRXUǪHHWDžV VWDLQOHVVVWHHOFDUVDQGDFTXLULQJDQHZǪHHWIRU the Quebec City–Windsor corridor. New modern trains will provide our travellers with a safer, faster and more environmentally-friendly service. ,QDGGLWLRQWKHQHZǪHHWZLOODOORZXVWRSXUVXH our commitment to remaining the most accessible national and inter-city mode of transportation in Canada. Budget 2018 also marked an important milestone as it provided $8 million for Transport Canada to complete its analysis of our HFR proposal to enable our shareholder to make a decision this year. 30 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

LEFT: Engines with the latest technology will be more fuel- efficient resulting in air quality improvements and a reduced environmental impact

We are extremely grateful to the Government the exceptional work of its employees. All of RI&DQDGDIRUWKLVYRWHRIFRQǩGHQFH,WVLJQDOV XVDW9,$5DLODUHGHGLFDWHGWRRǨHULQJDVDIH clear recognition of Canadians’ renewed interest and sustainable travel option across Canada, in intercity passenger train service. It’s also a sign connecting over 400 communities economically, of appreciation of our employees’ dedication to socially and ecologically and asserting the collective exemplary service. project we are all a part of: Keeping Canada at the At the age of 40, VIA Rail is in its prime. It is top of the list of best countries to live in. That is our Prior to his current appointment, YVES growing thanks to its solid historical roots and commitment for the years to come. DESJARDINS-SICILIANO was the Corporation’s Chief Corporate and Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary from 2010. An experienced lawyer VIA RAIL’S FLEET RENEWAL PROGRAMME and seasoned executive, he is a member of the Quebec Bar Association. He holds a law BENEFITS OF THE PROGRAMME: O Enhanced universal accessibility features for degree (LL.B.) from l’Université de Montréal and he completed passengers with reduced mobility, including multiple Graduate Studies in Law O Improving the customer experience: Modern trainsets accommodations for wheelchairs and other mobility (GSD) at McGill University. will provide better amenities and improved comfort devices on the trains He also has a designation for travellers O More fuel-efficient, Tier 4 Diesel engines, with the from the Institute of O Improving accessibility: New trainsets will provide option to operate on electrified rail infrastructure as Corporate Directors (ICD.D). universal accessibility to all Canadians and their it becomes available With proven experience, O Capability of trainsets to operate in either direction caretakers and allow VIA Rail to remain the most Yves has held several previous (push-pull) to reduce the turnaround time for trains accessible mode of transportation positions in legal, regulatory at stations in urban centres, thereby reducing O Reducing environmental impact: Engines with and government relations, the latest technology will be more fuel-efficient, operating costs. business and corporate resulting in air quality improvements and a reduced development, marketing environmental impact of four to five times less PROCUREMENT PROCESS: communications and finance. pollution than cars or other modes of transportation In Montreal and Toronto, O Increasing operating efficiencies: Bi-directional trains will O VIA Rail intends to proceed via its new fleet he worked for private and allow for more efficient use of the fleet, optimise operating procurement a fair, open and transparent bidding publicly held companies, costs and provide greater capacity for passengers structure and process in the information technology, telecommunications, O Ensuring customer safety: New trains will be designed O The call for proposals will be placed on the MERX marketing and entertainment to ensure they continue to meet or exceed the latest system and will be open and accessible to all qualified industries. Past President of safety standards. companies wishing to make a proposal the Canadian Bar Association, O The procurement process will comply with the Quebec Division, Yves was KEY FLEET REQUIREMENTS: highest industry standards and regulations, including also Chief of Staff to the provisions outlined in international trade agreements Federal Minister of Labour and To replace the cars and locomotives currently in service An independent ‘fairness monitor’ will follow the O O Minister of State for Transport along the Quebec City–Windsor corridor, 9,100 passenger entire procurement process from 1989 to 1991. seats provided by 32 bi-directional trainsets are needed O Ethics Commissioner to be appointed.

@GlobalRailway 31 IN-DEPTH FOCUS | ROLLING STOCK DEVELOPMENTS

$ZRUOGǩUVW Removing the variability of human nature in rail

Global Railway Review’s Junior Editor, Tara Nolan, spoke with Jim Doughty, Systems Integration Manager at Govia Thameslink Railway (GTR), regarding how train automation has leapt into the future and how the success of the LQGXVWU\DŽZRUOGǩUVWDžZLOOLQǪXHQFHWKHUDLOVHFWRU 32 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

Driving consistently optimises acceleration and deceleration rates, which facilitates the operation of a greater number of trains

UTOMATION is at the forefront of the to return to normal service following a disruption transportation industry, with frequent will be reduced, thanks to the ability to increase technology developments, new the throughput to 30 trains per hour; essentially A innovations and of course the unfortunate “managing the backlog of trains,” summarises Jim. events – including Uber in Arizona – grabbing the headlines. However, although the progression of The technology the automated car is widely known, not many people ETCS is the Automatic Train Protection (ATP) are aware of automated train operation. system that provides the train with the maximum GLVWDQFHWKDWLWFDQWUDYHOWKHVSHHGSURǩOHRIWKH A world first track ahead and any other route information that Operating with European Train Control System (ETCS) is required. Jim explains: “It removes the need for is now a mundane procedure; however, coordinating lineside signalling with a Driver Machine Interface it alongside Automatic Train Operation (ATO) is an (DMI) that is normally located in the cab.” exceptional and unique achievement. On 17 March ATO is a system that operates akin to a driver, 2018, an eight-car Thameslink train did just that; controlling acceleration and braking along with automatically stopping at London St Pancras necessary functions, such as opening the doors. International after transitioning into ETCS Level 2 “It does all this within the secure framework )XOO6XSHUYLVLRQDQGWKHQ$72IRUWKHǩUVWWLPHLQ GHǩQHGE\(7&6LjVD\V-LPLJ$72LVRQO\DYDLODEOH the world. when operating in ETCS (Level 2 or above, and in “This is the culmination of a programme that we Full Supervision Mode).” have been involved in since the start of our franchise 7KHEHQHǩWVRISDLULQJ(7&6DQG$72WHFKQRORJ\ three years ago and it has been running continuously are expansive, with the removal of driver variability since the £7 billion Government-sponsored being a key advantage. Driving consistently Thameslink Programme,” says Jim Doughty, Systems optimises acceleration and deceleration rates, Integration Manager at GTR. which facilitates the operation of a greater number On the mainline railway during passenger of trains. Jim explains: “ATO over ETCS is the JIM DOUGHTY, Systems service, the train travelled through Farringdon, only means by which throughput greater than Integration Manager at City Thameslink and London Blackfriars under 20 trains per hour through the Core (St Pancras– Govia Thameslink Railway, automatic control, transporting many passengers London Bridge) can be achieved.” is currently overseeing (unaware of the test) who, according to Jim: The technology within ATO has been intensively the introduction of the world’s first application of LJ:RXOGǩQGLWGLǫFXOWWRGLVWLQJXLVKEHWZHHQ tested and GTR had to demonstrate to the ATO over ETCS on mainline a train operating in ATO and one not.” 2ǫFHRI5DLODQG5RDG 255 WKDWWKHQHFHVVDU\ infrastructure. He has This technological success represents a milestone amendments to the Health & Safety Management worked within the rail in the rail industry’s digital journey and will not only System had been made before operation during industry for approximately KHOSEXLOGLQGXVWU\FRQǩGHQFHLQWKHV\VWHPEXW passenger service could be trialled. 31 years, joining as an apprentice at British Rail DV-LPH[SODLQVLJ:LOODOORZXVWRUXQRXUǩQDOKLJK When considering risks, train protection is Engineering Limited (BREL). intensity Thameslink service, providing 70 per cent maintained through ETCS, not ATO, therefore the Having worked in the more seats, through the centre of London.” ETCS system will always intervene in an emergency. key areas of the sector Increasing the number of trains running into In doing so, Jim explains: “ATO would be he has a holistic view of the capital will better the passenger journey; dis-engaged if a risk had been perceived. ATO has the industry and the way delivering more space, more availability and a Safety Integrity Level (SIL) of zero, meaning it is in which it operates. a better-quality travel experience. The time it takes not classed as a safety system.” @GlobalRailway 33 GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

RIGHT: One of the benefits of pairing ETCS and ATO technology is the removal of driver variability

Infrastructure for the future already installed or provisions for the ETCS to It can be easily argued that the era of automation EHǩWWHGLj is nearly upon us and its arrival will bring an Contracts have already been scheduled for onslaught of changes. Consequently, our WKHUHWURǩWPHQWRI(7&6RQH[LVWLQJYHKLFOHVLQWKH LQIUDVWUXFWXUHZLOOQHHGWREHVLJQLǩFDQWO\DOWHUHG 8.HQVXULQJRSHUDWLRQRQOLQHVLGHQWLǩHGIRU(7&6 Jim’s biggest challenge during the testing of ATO implementation is feasible. “The deployment of and ETCS was: “Not the system itself but the $72RQWKHRWKHUKDQGPD\EHDOLWWOHGLǨHUHQW availability of, and access to, infrastructure upon due to the lack of legislation,” says Jim. which the system could be tested.” Surely an automated future will demand the Legislation application of technology to spread across all lines. Until legislation for the operation of ATO is created This would require the use of ATO over ETCS to and introduced to the authorities, each application EHDFFHSWHGDQGXVHGE\GLǨHULQJRSHUDWRUV of the technology will be bespoke. Jim comments: “The potential exists to increase Currently, there is no legislation that governs the use of ATO technology geographically, but the implementation or use of ATO systems. this is wholly dependent on the implementation At Thameslink, Jim says: “Its application is being of ETCS Level 2 or above. The responsibility of PDQDJHGWKURXJKERWKDVXLWHRIVSHFLǩFVLJQDOER[ such a decision resides with Network Rail and the instructions developed by Network Rail and GTR, and Department for Transport (DfT).” GTR’s Health & Safety Management System.” In terms of infrastructure change, the most “The lack of legislation is being tackled substantial would be the removal of conventional through the development of a Technical lineside signalling, that would be replaced by ETCS; 6SHFLǩFDWLRQRI,QWHURSHUDELOLW\ 76, IRU$72DQGLV in-cab signalling. planned to be introduced around 2022,” assures Jim. There is also the potential to develop the ETCS system to a Level 3 or Level 3 Hybrid system, the A British success latter of which is currently being tested by Network GTR’s success has demonstrated how an industry Rail on their test track – the Hertford Loop (ENIF). approach is the best method to solve future railway Similarly, the Grade of Operation system (GoA2) capacity issues. is currently a Semi-Automatic Train Operation and David Waboso, Managing Director of Digital could be upgraded to GoA3 (driverless) or GoA4 Railway, commented on the ATO project at TARA NOLAN is Junior Editor (unattended). Presently, “Thameslink has no plans Infrarail 2018, labelling it “an innovation” and the for two magazines: Global WRPRYHDZD\IURPWKH*R$V\VWHPLjFRQǩUPV-LP completion “really important”. Railway Review and Intelligent Transport. She holds a B.A. but the option exists for the future. “Thameslink is a huge British success,” David in English Literature and It is not just the signalling technology that will continued. We should all view the combined Creative Writing, attained need to be adapted but also the trains themselves. HǨRUWVRI*751HWZRUN5DLODQG6LHPHQVDVWKH from the Open University. Jim details: “All new rolling stock will be delivered ǩUVWDXWRPDWHGVWHSWRZDUGVWKHUDLOVHFWRURI ETCS ready, be that with an ETCS onboard unit the future – for Britain and for the world. 34 globalrailwayreview.com FOLLOW OUR COVERAGE OF INNOTRANS 2018

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@GlobalRailway /globalrailwayreview Global Railway Review SUSTAINABILITY

SBB’s integrated and collaborative approach for LPSURYLQJHQHUJ\HǫFLHQF\

Switzerland’s railway energy consumption is estimated to increase by a IXUWKHUSHUFHQWE\LQFRPSDULVRQWRDžVǩJXUHV7RHQVXUH RSWLPDOHQYLURQPHQWDODQGǩQDQFLDOSHUIRUPDQFH6ZLVV)HGHUDO5DLOZD\V (SBB) is determined to reduce the forecasted annual energy consumption by a total of 20 per cent by 2025 as part of its energy saving programme. Oliver Johner, Head of the energy saving programme and Rudolf Büchi, Head of Operations and a Member of the Infrastructure Management Board at SBB AG, explain the close collaboration between railway undertakings and SBB infrastructure in using and further developing the adaptive control (ADL).

HE RAILWAY is the backbone of 30 per cent by 2030 compared to 2010 due to sustainable mobility in Switzerland. the expansion of services. With around 10,000 trains running However, in order to ensure environmental and T each day, Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) ǩQDQFLDOSHUIRUPDQFH6%%LVVWULYLQJWRUHGXFH operates the busiest rail network in the world. the forecasted annual energy consumption by In addition to the challenges associated with 20 per cent by 2025 as part of its energy saving PL[HGWUDǫFWKHULVLQJQHWZRUNXWLOLVDWLRQDOVR programme. The programme was commissioned by places major demands on rail services. Even minor the management board in 2012 and during 2017 deviations from the timetable can have a negative 300 GWh were saved, meaning that SBB is already LPSDFWRQRSHUDWLRQDOVWDELOLW\ZLWKVLJQLǩFDQW halfway to achieving its ambitious goal. NQRFNRQHǨHFWV Some of the key pillars in this programme The railway is also one of the largest DUHWHFKQLFDOLQQRYDWLRQVLQUROOLQJVWRFNǩ[HG power consumers in Switzerland. The railway LQVWDOODWLRQVDQGEXLOGLQJVDQHQHUJ\HǫFLHQW undertakings involved in passenger and freight service structure and innovations in rail services. WUDǫFSD\DSSUR[LPDWHO\&+)PLOOLRQ The most powerful measure is adaptive control each year for rail power. SBB’s energy (ADL), which is vital for ensuring both a precise and consumption is set to increase by a further HQHUJ\HǫFLHQWUDLOVHUYLFH 36 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

SBB is striving to reduce the forecasted annual energy consumption by 20 per cent by 2025 as part of its energy saving programme

Traffic control system and adaptive UHFRPPHQGDWLRQVQRWǩUPLQVWUXFWLRQV7UDFNVLJQDOV control: Key to punctual and are still the top priority for engine drivers. energy-efficient operations SBB Infrastructure Operations is responsible, Using adaptive control in daily operations in cooperation with the railway undertakings, for The ADL system has been used network-wide in the WKHLQIUDVWUXFWXUHVLGHRIUDLOVHUYLFHVVXFKDVWUDǫF very core of rail services since 2015 and enables control, customer information and intervention. dispatchers and locomotive crew to work together The locations of this business unit are centralised in PRUHHǨHFWLYHO\7KH\VKDUHWKHFRPPRQDLPRI four train-control centres and the Operation Center SUHFLVHDQGHQHUJ\HǫFLHQWUDLOVHUYLFHVLQOLQH Infrastructure for network management. The Rail with the relevant priorities: Safety, punctuality and Control System (RCS) is a central dispatching tool HFRQRPLFHǫFLHQF\ǁLQWKDWRUGHU developed in-house by SBB. Successful control is contingent upon precise Included within the RCS is ADL – a system that forecasting and the resultant dispatching decisions enables rail services to operate with minimum IRUFRQǪLFWIUHHGLVSDWFKLQJ7KURXJKLQWHUDFWLRQ energy and maximum capacity. ADL has two with RCS, ADL covers the following processes core functions: executed on the server side:

1. Reducing the impact of signals through O Logging the locations of trains FRQǪLFWRSWLPLVDWLRQ$'/LGHQWLǩHV O 1HWZRUNZLGHIRUHFDVWVDQGFRQǪLFW scheduling clashes between trains and LGHQWLǩFDWLRQ calculates the ideal speed for trains to travel O Forecasting unscheduled stops at signals and at, allowing them to get to their destination their duration without unscheduled stops (‘green wave’) O Calculating the corridor on which an energy- 2. Reducing ahead-of-schedule train operations RSWLPLVHGGULYLQJSURǩOHFDQEHXVHGZLWKRXW OLIVER JOHNER obtained an MSc in Geography from WKURXJKHQHUJ\HǫFLHQWGULYLQJ (FR'ULYH  DǨHFWLQJRWKHUWUDLQV the University of Bern, ADL detects when a train is set to arrive O Producing messages to provide the engine Switzerland. His professional ahead of schedule and calculates the most driver with information about the energy- experience is in the areas HQHUJ\HǫFLHQWVSHHGIRULWWRWUDYHODWWR RSWLPLVHGGULYLQJSURǩOH of corporate responsibility, ensure that the train arrives at its next stop O Promptly communicating driving sustainability strategy and resource management as on time. recommendations to the engine driver’s a consultant at the United cab via LEA, smartphone, laptop or Nations and in the industrial The dispatcher in the train-control centre GSM-R CabRadio. sector. Oliver has been Head approves the driving recommendations that are of SBB’s Energy Saving calculated by ADL, which are then immediately As illustrated in Figure 1, ADL thus bridges the gap Programme since 2015. communicated to the locomotive crew. These are only between the dispatcher and the engine driver in

FIGURE 1 LEFT: Functionality of adaptive control (ADL)

@GlobalRailway 37 SUSTAINABILITY

ABOVE: The backbone the rail services control circuit by transmitting the Success thanks to close collaboration between of sustainable mobility speed recommendation to the engine driver’s cab. railway undertakings and SBB Infrastructure in Switzerland: The recommendation is communicated through Approximately 1HWZRUNXWLOLVDWLRQIRUPL[HGWUDǫFZKLFK 10,000 trains run a data connection – this is usually the locomotive is already at a high level and continuing each day crew’s tablet: to rise, is posing major challenges for SBB. Maximising utilisation of capacity and energy O The engine driver is made aware of the HǫFLHQF\DUHLQWHUGHSHQGHQWDVSHFWVZLWKLQ driving recommendation with a ‘beep’ and rail services. With ADL, rail services are making views it in a window that appears on screen a meaningful contribution towards lowering – i.e. the ADL panel energy costs and skilfully managing the increasing O Every ADL message has a ‘time to live’ (TTL), WUDǫFRQWKHQHWZRUNHYHQZLWKLQWKHFRQWH[WRI i.e. a duration, indicating how long the exacting punctuality standards. message will be shown for O If the time is up, the message and the Major savings achieved due to conflict optimisation ADL panel will be hidden. The message ,QSUDFWLFHLWLVFOHDUWKDW$'/FRQǪLFW will only be shown again if the driving optimisation works particularly well from BELOW: Energy and recommendation changes or is cancelled, DWHFKQLFDOSHUVSHFWLYHLQGHDOLQJZLWKPL[HGWUDǫF financial savings achieved thanks to meaning the driver is not distracted by an 1HWZRUNZLGHFRQǪLFWUHVROXWLRQEDVHGRQDFHQWUDO ADL in 2017 inactive window. calculation leads to the optimisation of all railway undertakings’ vehicles, reducing the number of FRQǪLFWVDULVLQJIURPRSHUDWLRQDOVLWXDWLRQVDQGWKXV FIGURE 2 LPSURYLQJERWKSXQFWXDOLW\DQGHQHUJ\HǫFLHQF\ In 2017, energy savings of some 74 GWh across a total of 635,000 driving recommendations were DFKLHYHGWKDQNVWR$'/ FRQǪLFWRSWLPLVDWLRQDQG EcoDrive), as displayed in Figure 2. This represents an increase of 48 per cent compared to 2016. Depending on the operational situation and the UHVXOWDQWFRQǪLFWVWKLVǩJXUHLVVHWWRULVHIXUWKHU in the years to come.

Continuous further development of ADL Even during the development phase of ADL, the SBB Passenger Division, SBB Cargo and other railway undertakings were closely involved in testing. In current operations, the close cooperation between the individual organisations on further GHYHORSLQJDQGǩQHWXQLQJDOJRULWKPVKDVSURYHG successful. For example, the user representatives of 38 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

locomotive crew, dispatchers and IT attend monthly FIGURE 3 meetings to explore further opportunities for optimisation. In addition to technical optimisations, initial and further training of dispatchers and engine drivers on the topic of ADL are also organised collaboratively.

Joint test conducted by BLS and SBB Infrastructure to optimise ADL EcoDrive When it comes to ADL EcoDrive, however, the available energy-savings potential has not yet been fully exploited. One of the reasons for this is the current rule that only trains that are ahead of schedule by more than one minute receive driving recommendations. Likewise, the accumulation of messages to the locomotive crew can lead to a certain sense of ‘tuning out’, meaning not all locomotive crew will be given the same information ABOVE: Example controls are actually executed. as the dispatcher in the control centre. visualisation of the Veco display in LEA for the This is why SBB examined and worked out the engine driver possibilities for further developing EcoDrive as Static driving recommendations for normal part of a study run in 2017, by an interdisciplinary operations, ADL messages in the event of a conflict team consisting of experts from SBB Infrastructure, It is important for the locomotive crew to receive SBB Passenger Division and SBB Cargo as well as the necessary information as soon as possible Energy and IT. so that they can settle on a driving strategy. BLS previously tested three driving The driving recommendations should also remain recommendation systems in a pilot project with as static as possible, with minimum distractions SBB Infrastructure. The test runs and analyses show in the engine driver’s cab. This will be taken into that the net energy consumption in regional train account in the further development of ADL EcoDrive operations can be reduced by up to 15 per cent in the following ways: as a result of driving recommendations, providing that deviations from the operational timetable O )RUHYHU\WUDLQDQRSWLPLVHGGULYLQJSURǩOH are permitted in intermediate stations and the (Veco: economic and ecological speed) will driving recommendations for the locomotive crew be calculated and displayed as an additional are displayed ergonomically. If implemented column on the engine driver tablets (LEA) carefully, the driving recommendations continue alongside the speeds permitted for each to guarantee a high level of punctuality and route contribute to reducing the variation in driving styles. O With this Veco information, the engine driver will know the ideal speed to travel at to Outlook get to the target destination in an energy- A lot has already been achieved with adaptive optimised and punctual manner, shown in FRQWUROZKHQLWFRPHVWRFRQǪLFWRSWLPLVDWLRQDQG Figure 3. Driving variation can be reduced HQHUJ\HǫFLHQF\+RZHYHUWKHUHLVVWLOOIXUWKHU through standardised recommendations. RUDOLF BÜCHI potential for optimisation to be exploited at human, holds an MAS in International Logistics technological and organisational levels. The ADL ADL as the core of digital rail services Management and tool is being developed collaboratively by SBB The digital operational management tools RCS, General Management. Infrastructure and the railway undertakings, serving ADL and HOT (Hub Optimisation Technology) His career began in 1980 as a link between control centres and the engine are already integral within modern rail services. when he worked as a Rail driver’s cab. In a digital future, the degree of automation for Operations Dispatcher. After working in timetable repetitive tasks within rail services will rise further. planning, he managed ADL is improving the real-time communication The human factor will primarily display its strengths various SBB Cargo units, between control centres and the engine driver’s cab in evaluating alternative dispatching options, including the International ,Q6ZLVVIUHLJKWWUDǫFPRUHWKDQSHUFHQWRI while the determining of all possible options given Business Unit and the trains deviate from their scheduled train path by the dispatching system on the basis of actual went on to head-up Production Switzerland. by more than 30 minutes. In these cases, the data and forecasts will increasingly be carried Rudolf has been Head of dispatcher controls the train’s forecast down to out autonomously. The professional depiction of Operations and a Member the minute, but the locomotive crew are unaware IXWXUHPRELOLW\LQWUDǫFZKLFKLVHǫFLHQWLQWHUPV of the Infrastructure of the issue. They only receive the daily timetable of both capacity and energy, is a ground-breaking Management Board at with target times together with their working innovation for modern railway services on SBB AG since May 2015. timetable. With the further development of ADL, the H[WUHPHO\EXV\PL[HGWUDǫFQHWZRUNV @GlobalRailway 39 INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT

INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT

GAI-Tronics – a division of Hubbell Ltd – provides systems, products and services that improve on-board and trackside communications for the railway industry. Neal Wright, Business Development Manager, talks about GAI-Tronics’ strategic development plans and gives greater insight into ZKDWWKH\FDQRǨHUWKHUDLOLQGXVWU\

What are the main aims an AHB crossing (Automatic and Safety are paramount we service has also grown for GAI-Tronics and +DOI%DUULHU ZHRǨHU3(76 IRUERWKFXVWRPHUVDQGVWDǨ over the years. We treat are you a global player (Public Emergency Telephone I can identify the processes every order as its own unique in the rail sector? System) or KETS (Kestral that people must follow to project and being able to Emergency Telephone System) perform critical activities XQGHUVWDQGWKHVSHFLǩFQHHGV Our main aim is to get our telephones, and now also around the railway. Having of our customers is crucial to products into more European a VoIP illuminated crossing. worked in the industry for delivering solutions people rail markets, as we already For UWCs (User Worked many years, customers can can rely on. We’ve come have a strong foothold in the Crossings) we have our solar communicate with me directly, across almost every problem UK rail market. We are also powered GSM-R phone, which without having to worry about imaginable over the years very interested in pushing is a completely standalone using esoteric language and we haven’t been beaten forward on our Train Comms SKRQHRǨHULQJZLUHOHVV that perhaps someone yet. As part of a larger group products – that have not communications for either outside of the industry of brands that all fall under previously been actively permanent or temporary wouldn’t understand. the Hubbell umbrella, we promoted – and seeing them installations. At GAI-Tronics DOVRKDYHWKHEHQHǩWRIEHLQJ utilised in new rolling stock, our expertise lies in creating What makes GAI- able to share knowledge and rather than just refurbished innovative, ruggedised Tronics stand out from sometimes products from our rolling stock. communication solutions that your competitors? sister companies. This means our customers can rely on we can often supply complete What solutions can to work in any environment, Primarily, I think GAI-Tronics’ solutions, even if part of GAI-Tronics offer the regardless of the conditions. experience and diversity are the project falls outside of the rail industry when it what separates us from the GAI-Tronics product range. comes to making level How does your experience competition. The company crossings safer? in the rail industry assist in was founded in 1946 and your role at GAI-Tronics, since that time we have With nearly 20 years in the rail GAI-Tronics provide a variety and what motivates you? seen products change, our industry and almost 30 within sales, of products that assist in company change and indeed NEAL WRIGHT has worked for some of the leading companies within the making level crossings safer. My 14 years’ experience the world around us. But field, including London Underground Often these products are working for Transport for whatever the challenges we and Transport for London (TfL). designed and built to include London (TfL) in various roles have faced, we have always Neal joined GAI-Tronics in January bespoke elements to suit our has enabled me to have a found ways to adapt to 2018 as Business Development customer’s needs, such as greater understanding of what these new environments and Manager, bringing his vast knowledge, experience and passion to a well- VSHFLǩFDHVWKHWLFIHDWXUHV is required in the rail industry, develop products and services established team, with the goal and functions. We currently as well as what they require that not only meet, but also of taking GAI-Tronics’ extensive supply three main types of from their suppliers. I know exceed the expectations of range of products in to new markets, phones that can be used at that there are many processes our customers. The range including Europe and the Middle East. level crossings. Where there is in place to ensure that Health of companies and sectors 40 globalrailwayreview.com IP ON-BOARD TRAIN COMMS Tel: +44(0) 1283 500 500 Email: [email protected]

Follow us www.gai-tronics.com

REGIONAL DEBATE | UK

WITH PARTICIPANTS FROM:

Transforming the railway and unlocking potential

SPONSORED BY: The UK’s rail sector is one of the safest in the ZRUOGEXWWRPDLQWDLQHǫFLHQF\DQGUHPDLQDNH\ mode of transport for the country it must adapt and change in many areas. This regional debate involving some key industry leaders explores the importance of embracing modern technologies, the role rail will play for the next generation, the key challenges the sector faces and also the opportunities that lie ahead. @GlobalRailway 43 REGIONAL DEBATE | UK

PARTICIPANTS

MARK PAUL JOANNA DAVID JAMES CARNE PLUMMER WHITTINGTON PITT QUINNELL Chief Executive, Chief Executive, &KLHI([HFXWLYH2ǫFHU Head of UK, &KLHI&RPPHUFLDO2ǫFHU Network Rail Rail Delivery Group (RDG) 2ǫFHRI5DLODQG5RDG 255 SilverRail Colas Rail Ltd

Rail is entering the digital age. How will technology and new ‘intelligent’ solutions impact the performance of the UK’s rail sector, and how will the industry need to adapt to embrace change?

CARNE: The number of passengers using the rail PDLQWDLQLQJVDIHW\3DVVHQJHUVZLOOEHQHǩWWKURXJK network has doubled since the mid-1990s and is set more reliable and more frequent services. to double again over the next 25 years. We need to Great advances in technology gave rise to the plan now to ensure the network can meet that UDLOZD\LQWKHǩUVWSODFHDQGZHDUHFRQWLQXLQJ soaring demand, and a digital railway is right at the this tradition by developing a Rail Sector Deal heart of that. to enable businesses – collaborating with other The industry is working together to modernise the complementary industrial sectors – to sell innovative network and improve the passenger experience. products and services to rail in both the UK and With limited scope for building new railways, export markets. This will help accelerate the delivery introducing digital technology will make sure we get of the Digital Railway to reduce overcrowding more from the existing infrastructure. and connect communities, which in turn will Digital signalling and train controls will increase boost productivity and support the government’s capacity, improve performance, enhance safety and Industrial Strategy. reduce the long-term cost of running the network. Working together, the sector is responding to the Digital Railway will also help us to better manage way in which customers access information and our physical infrastructure through the continued use data to plan their journeys. This puts customers rollout of intelligence infrastructure, providing data in charge of their journeys and means more time to proactively predict and prevent asset failures for rail colleagues to help those who need a more Digital UDWKHUWKDQOHWWKHPIDLOWKHQǩ[ tailored service. signalling and train ,WLVQDžWRQO\UDLOSDVVHQJHUVZKRZLOOEHQHǩW The network-wide rollout of smart ticketing, controls will increase from the digital railway; it will enable more freight allowing passengers to buy and keep their tickets capacity, improve trains to run on the network too – meaning online, will be a key milestone in improving performance, even more goods can be transported in a more the passenger experience on the railway. By the enhance safety and environmentally-friendly way than road travel. end of 2018, customers will be able to use their mobile devices to store their tickets on seven out reduce the long-term PLUMMER: The industry’s Digital Railway of 10 journeys. Increasing customer satisfaction cost of running programme will be vital in creating extra capacity through these improvements, and others, is part of the network to support future growth using new technologies to the rail industry’s plan to come together and work MARK CARNE enable trains to run closer together while in partnership to secure growth across the country. 44 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

PITT: 5DLOLVHǨHFWLYHO\DUHWDLOVHUYLFHDQGOLNH best value fare for a national rail journey, and any other retail experience, customers want good giving travellers real-time information. Within the information; assurance that they are buying QH[WWKUHHWRǩYH\HDUVWKLVZLOOOLNHO\EHFRPH something of value and quality; and for the service normal. ABT doesn’t mean we have to do away WREHIXOǩOOHGDVHǫFLHQWO\DQGHDVLO\DVSRVVLEOH with pre-paid tickets, but they won’t be the only The way in which UK rail currently operates is option and as a result the customer should start almost at a tipping point and technology and WRVHHPXFKPRUHǪH[LELOLW\LQWKHLUUHWDLOLQJDQG pricing are two key factors. Customers are travel experience. Minor changes to industry struggling to pay for rail travel; and this will soon rules could see this same digital technology easily become an issue for the government and rail GHOLYHUǪH[LEOHVHDVRQWLFNHWVWRJHWKHUZLWKDGDLO\ operating companies. weekly, monthly and annual price promise across Eighty per cent of rail tickets in the UK are the UK rail network, encouraging us all to make VWLOOSXUFKDVHGRǬLQHZKLFKLQZLWKWKH better use of trains. continuous growth of online retailing, is somewhat indicative of the problem. When compared to online QUINNELL: The demand on the UK’s rail network will grocery shopping, for example, the channel shift continue to intensify, with a growing need for more to online and mobile for rail remains a struggle. capacity. In turn, access for contractors to get onto Although online ticket purchasing is available, the network, which enables them to complete the in many cases the customer must still collect work, will decrease and consequently result in cost DWLFNHWDWWKHVWDWLRQǁHLWKHUDWWKHWLFNHWRǫFH increases. Furthermore, the industry is reaching or from a ticket vending machine. Whilst we are a tipping point where there simply isn’t going to be QRZVHHLQJWKHJHQHUDOUROORXWRIGLJLWDOIXOǩOPHQW enough time to carry out much-needed work. to barcode on smartphones and smartcards, Therefore, I think we need to move forward in it will take some time for the orange ticket to a ‘smarter’ way. Digitalisation will, amongst all its become redundant unless the customer’s retailing RWKHUEHQHǩWVDOORZXVWRUHGXFHWKHDPRXQWRI experience becomes easier. Unfortunately, with lineside signalling equipment from a contractor’s a rather confused approach to rolling out digital perspective. This progress means there will be less ticketing over the last few years, this has only intervention so less time working out in the live compounded the problem with no single fully environment. Going digital will be expensive initially, interoperable solution being promoted centrally, but it should pay for itself in time, particularly if which the train operating companies could then access is reduced. I’m sure there will be teething get behind. LVVXHVEXWLWLVǩQDQFLDOO\VHQVLEOHLQWKHORQJWHUP Looking ahead, we’re investigating how the Companies must adapt and be able to deliver physical ticket can be removed, and how digital projects in a smarter, more digital way. technology can be used to hide the complexity Further potentials within technology – for of ticketing media, operators and product example blockchain – might deliver a technological RǨHUVLQWRDVLQJOHPRELOHDSS$IWHUDOOWKH solution to how we understand data in real-time FRQFHSWRIDDŽWLFNHWDžLVIRUWKHEHQHǩWRIWKHWUDLQ and enable us to revolutionise several ways of doing company, not the customer. With the right kind of things. Companies which might be market leaders relationship between the train company and the now, whilst doing things conventionally, will need customer, supported with suitable technology, to adapt, adopt and embrace new technologies if the customer could have a continuous right to they want to be market leaders in the future. And travel and simply settle up at the end of the day. companies who can deliver on this will prosper. The concept of buying a ticket in advance will 7KHIXWXUHǩYH\HDUVDJRZDVWRHOHFWULI\RXU always have its place with longer, more expensive network, which no longer seems to be a Government journeys, but on the average daily commute priority. My point here is that restoring, renewing Companies when costs, etc. are generally understood by the DQGPDLQWDLQLQJDORWRIOLQHVLGHHOHFWULǩFDWLRQ which might be equipment is actually the opposite of what is trying FXVWRPHUWKH\SUREDEO\YDOXHǪH[LELOLW\DORQJVLGH market leaders now, value pricing. In fact, with modern working habits to be achieved with the digital railway, namely taking WKHFXVWRPHUQHHGVǪH[LELOLW\ǁWKHDELOLW\WRWXUQ lineside equipment away. Perhaps the Government whilst doing things up at any station, get on a train without knowing is right and more focus should be on our trains – conventionally, will the timetable and be charged for the journey hydrogen trains for instance – which means a lot need to adapt, adopt they make. This is what we should be aiming for less lineside equipment. This certainly makes our and embrace new and over the next 18 months I believe that we will networks less vulnerable to theft and harsh weather, technologies if they start to see account-based ticketing (ABT) with together with less exposure to risk for our teams. want to be market both pre-pay and post-pay options introduced. 7KHUHZLOOEHVLJQLǩFDQWFKDQJHRYHUWKHQH[W Chiltern Railways is already trialling an ABT 15 years – but lots of equipment needs replacing leaders in the system, which works in a similar way to the Oyster now anyway, so let’s replace it in a smart way with future card in London; automatically calculating the digital technology that will pay its way in the future. JAMES QUINNELL @GlobalRailway 45 REGIONAL DEBATE | UK

Rail faces growing competition from other modes of public transport, so what can the UK rail sector do to ensure it retains a large share of the transportation market?

PLUMMER: Rail has an important part to play in PITT: It’s not just about competing with other modes of WKHHQGWRHQGMRXUQH\VIRUPDQ\GLǨHUHQWPDUNHWV public transport, but competing with private-use cars, and remains a preferred mode of choice for many autonomous vehicles and even video conferencing; customers. The growth of the railway has been do we really need to travel at all? There are many extraordinary with commuting by train increasing GLǨHUHQWPLQLUHYROXWLRQVKDSSHQLQJDWWKHPRPHQW by 73 per cent since 2002, compared to an eight Obviously, the smartphone has changed the per cent increase in car travel to work. To continue landscape for many industries over the last 10 years to enable growth in our economy by connecting and we may well be facing a similar revolution in the businesses and communities, the railway needs to 2020s with self-driving cars and, subject to legislation, continue to improve and invest. the wider (positive) sharing of data to enhance services The rail sector has a long-term plan for change, and experience. All too often we hear and see the utilising the very best of the public and private headlines about data being shared without our sectors, to deliver improvements for passengers, knowledge, but data-sharing (if managed properly) taxpayers and local communities. Working in will enable multiple services to be delivered to us partnership, we are investing to deliver new trains, seamlessly. A good example of this is a rail journey. better services and improved stations. Customers will We don’t board the train at our front door, its typically see enhancements to the network that part of a multi-step and multi-modal journey, which will strengthen reliability and mitigate congestion. QRUPDOO\UHTXLUHVDQXPEHURIWLFNHWVIURPGLǨHUHQW These improvements will mean the railway can suppliers. In the future, rail providers must embed remain competitive with other modes of travel. themselves in the middle of the door-to-door journey, In addition to this, the rail industry is seeking ZKLFKZLOOUHTXLUHGLǨHUHQWVHUYLFHSURYLGHUVFRPLQJ a ‘root and branch’ reform of rail fares regulation. WRJHWKHUIRUWKHEHQHǩWRIWKHFXVWRPHU7KLVFDQRQO\ Decades of well-intentioned but outdated be a good thing helping both the railways and the To continue to regulation have led to a range of fare options that wider economy. If done right, people will always want enable growth in our have not kept pace with technology or how people to travel by rail. It’s only when the barriers to entry economy by work and travel today. So, the industry is launching for rail travel become too great – such as price, poor connecting a public consultation to establish a road map for information and ticket-related stresses – that people businesses and change to update fares regulation and look at choose not to travel. Rail companies must always communities, the an easier-to-use range of fares. This will aim to consider the customer experience, and this is where the greatest challenge will be. If rail doesn’t step up railway needs to PD[LPLVHWKHEHQHǩWVWRFXVWRPHUVEXVLQHVVHV and the economy by improvements in ticket-buying and do things better, there are others out there who continue to improve technology. The consultation will run throughout are more accustomed to providing an excellent digital and invest WKHVXPPHUDQGDǩQDOUHSRUWLVGXHLQWKH and customer experience that can, and will, move in to PAUL PLUMMER late autumn. satisfy the customer’s needs. 46 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

Will the construction of High Speed 2 (HS2) solve the challenges around network capacity and economic growth?

PLUMMER: HS2 will add much-needed space on the improvements in the pipeline include Crossrail, railway for more and faster trains. The rail industry Thameslink, the Great North Rail project and the is working hard to ensure HS2 will be seamlessly Edinburgh to Glasgow line. The industry is investing integrated into the existing rail network when the to deliver 6,400 extra services per week and new line opens. The line will form an important part 5,700 new carriages by 2021. of a bigger and better railway, giving a boost to north-south rail links. PITT: I used to work in transport planning from HS2 is part of the additional £85 billion in a highways perspective and a frequent argument HFRQRPLFEHQHǩWVWKDWWKHUDLOLQGXVWU\LVGHOLYHULQJ ZDV,IDQHZURDGLVEXLOWQHZWUDǫFZLOODOZD\VEH DQGZLOOSURYLGHVLJQLǩFDQWLPSURYHPHQWV FUHDWHGWRǩOOWKHQHZFDSDFLW\%XWDFWXDOO\WKDW to customers by cutting journeys, tackling WUDǫFLVEHLQJFUHDWHGEHFDXVHWKHUHDUHQHZMREV overcrowding and improving connectivity. This DQGZLGHUHFRQRPLFJURZWKWKDWFDXVHVWKHWUDǫF strategic and targeted investment supports to be generated. So, in the case of HS2, it certainly businesses across all sectors improving access to won’t solve all capacity problems, but it will help customers and new opportunities at home and dilute them in the short term. More importantly, overseas. As we prepare to leave the European however, it will help to fuel wider economic growth Union, investment in rail infrastructure projects such and the country’s future prosperity. HS2 will be HS2 will be as HS2 will be more important than ever. As part hugely important for the nation’s progression and hugely important for of the railway industry’s plan to secure growth for allow changes to the public’s longer distance travel the nation’s the country, the railway is committed to backing habits in the UK. High-speed rail has been around progression and British-based businesses, enabling them to succeed for some time in Europe and is now starting to allow changes to the and grow. seriously challenge the short-haul air passenger public’s longer While HS2 is being built, rail operators and market. Consumer choice in this area can only infrastructure providers working together as one be a good thing and having a viable rail option distance travel railway will continue to deliver billions of pounds for visiting the continent from the North and the habits in the UK worth of improvements for customers. Other major 0LGODQGVZLOOEHKXJHO\EHQHǩFLDOWRWKHHFRQRP\ DAVID PITT @GlobalRailway 47 REGIONAL DEBATE | UK

What do you think are the main opportunities presented by further route devolution in the UK?

CARNE: :HKDYHVHHQPDMRUEHQHǩWVVLQFH CP6 will include looking at how well routes engage devolving day-to-day responsibility for railway local stakeholders. businesses to the geographical routes in 2014. Route devolution can also lead to a better Crucially, devolution has enabled us to work much XQGHUVWDQGLQJRI1HWZRUN5DLODžVHǫFLHQF\HQDEOLQJ more closely with train operators, freight operators comparison between the routes and highlighting and passengers, and ensure that each route is more DUHDVRIEHVWDQGZRUVWSHUIRUPDQFH2ǫFHRI5DLO © Network Rail customer-focused and responsive. and Road (ORR) will be placing greater emphasis on We are also now more accountable through the UHYLHZLQJDQGUHSRUWLQJRQHDFKURXWHDžVHǫFLHQF\ route scorecards we introduced, which comprise We will be increasing our route level reporting in targets and incentives set by our customers to our Network Rail Monitors; that transparency will measure how the railway is performing as a whole help drive improvements by providing more detailed in each region. From Control Period 6 (2019-2024) insights into the challenges facing individual our devolved route businesses will each have their routes, and also harnessing the potential for rivalry own regulatory settlement. between the routes as a mechanism to drive At the heart of our devolution agenda is the improvements for passengers, freight customers principle that empowered leaders can focus more and funders. precisely on the needs of their customers, make GHFLVLRQVIDVWHUDQGLQQRYDWHPRUHHǨHFWLYHO\ QUINNELL: For me, accountability is critical and Devolution remains a key aspect of Network Rail’s devolution allows greater accountability. But plans to meet the challenge of unprecedented capability should not be overlooked. Pure rail growing customer demand and congestion. system capabilities cannot be achieved with high OHYHOVRIFRQǩGHQFHLQDQRYHUO\GHYROYHGPRGHO WHITTINGTON: The transformation of Network Rail’s Network Rail’s proposed CP6 model is just right. EXVLQHVVKDVWKHSRWHQWLDOWRGHOLYHUDPRUHHǫFLHQW Straight forward civils-led activities should be and better-used railway, with improved service organised locally, which makes sense. Complex for passengers and other rail users. Our ongoing activities which are more nationally-led and Periodic Review (PR18) is built around better, organised into geographical groupings can still closer engagement with local stakeholders and EHQHǩWIURPORFDOHQJDJHPHQWǁPRUHVRWKDQ comparative regulation between routes – with an what’s happened in the past. element of rivalry developing between management Nationally organised signalling and track teams to help realise this potential. projects makes a lot of sense, but the opportunity From the outset, we required Network Rail to is to have greater use of one or the other of these engage with stakeholders in the development of its nationally delivered programmes, to work with the route Strategic Business Plans, to ensure that the more devolved regional activities in more strategic plans were informed by extensive consultation with alliance-type relationships, such as the method used Network Rail’s customers. to successfully deliver the capacity enhancement We are monitoring that process and reviewing works at London’s Waterloo Station. Having all the each plan to see whether stakeholders’ priorities stakeholders in one room and understanding what DUHUHǪHFWHG2XUFRQWLQXHGPRQLWRULQJWKURXJKRXW everyone’s concerns were worked brilliantly. 48 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

What is needed to improve the UK’s current rail franchise model, and do you think more competition is needed?

PLUMMER: Competition is an essential ingredient system hasn’t delivered and ensure that there is the in Britain’s rail industry and we have witnessed ULJKWEDODQFHRIǩQDQFLDOULVNEHWZHHQWKHSDUWLHV the success that its introduction has had on the involved. Putting passenger service contracts to market. We have gone from a railway making the market regularly is an important part of this a £2 billion-a-year operational loss to a £200 million model, driving value and innovation, but there is also surplus today, keeping running costs in the black, a role for ‘on rail’ competition and we support the role freeing up taxpayers’ money to invest and improve, WKDWRSHQDFFHVVVHUYLFHVIXOǩO$VSDUWRIRXUSODQV DQGGHOLYHULQJVLJQLǩFDQWYDOXHWRWKHZLGHUHFRQRP\ for a changing and improving railway, we’ve already Private sector investment in the industry reached begun sharing our proposals with government on a record high last year, with at least £13.8 billion GHOLYHULQJDPRUHǪH[LEOHV\VWHPWKDWHQDEOHVWUDLQ being invested in new trains; many of which companies to better meet the changing needs of come as a direct result of innovation through the FXVWRPHUV,WUHTXLUHVDFOHDUGHǩQLWLRQRIUROHVDQG private sector. responsibilities across the industry, thus enabling We accept that the franchising system needs to WKHPDUNHWLQSDUWQHUVKLSZLWKSXEOLFVSHFLǩFDWLRQ HYROYHWRHQVXUHLWFRQWLQXHVWREHHǨHFWLYHDQG to deliver great outcomes; connecting customers, sustainable. We must learn lessons from where the communities, employees and businesses.

How do you consider the introduction of a rail ombudsmen will benefit rail passengers?

WHITTINGTON: ORR exists to protect the interests FRPSODLQWVWRHQVXUHWKHVPRRWKDQGHǨHFWLYH of rail users, now and in the future. We see the introduction of an ombudsman scheme. introduction of an ombudsman as supportive of The Rail Delivery Group has made good progress this objective. with the rail companies on developing the scheme, Our surveys show that the majority of passengers which they intend will meet the high standards DUHGLVVDWLVǩHGZLWKWKHZD\WKHLUFRPSODLQWVDUH required by the Ombudsman Association and handled. An ombudsman scheme will give by legislation. passengers certainty, consistency and clarity in We have announced that we intend to require all how their complaints are handled. An ombudsman rail companies to participate in the rail ombudsman that is free for passengers, independent and able scheme. To achieve this we must modify the licences to make binding decisions, can lead to better of rail operators, specifying that they are required outcomes and service for individual passengers and to join and remain in the ombudsman scheme. drive up overall standards across the industry. We consider this change necessary to provide In the autumn of 2016, we consulted on the assurance for all passengers that their complaint will changes needed to the processes for handling rail always have independent scrutiny if desired.

@GlobalRailway 49 REGIONAL DEBATE | UK

What more must train operators do to meet and surpass passenger expectations?

PLUMMER: Not only is Britain’s railway one of the safest in the world, it also has one of the highest rates of customer satisfaction. Customers in the UK score rail services higher on a number of measures when compared to those in France, Germany, Spain and the Netherlands. Since surveys began in 1999, UK customer satisfaction has increased from 76 per cent to 83 per cent. To build on this progress, the industry is working together to deliver an even better railway for tomorrow. As part of the partnership railway’s plan for change, passengers will see improvements to punctuality and performance. We will be more open, accountable and transparent with our customers by improving the compensation claim process, developing a new National Rail Enquiries website and supporting the establishment of a new and independent ombudsman. Not only is We must also meet the expectations of all Britain’s railway one passengers, including those with disabilities. of the safest in the Between 2014 and 2019 passengers will see the world, it also has one number of step-free railway stations increase from of the highest rates 110 to 450. We have also made improvements to the assisted travel scheme by launching a single of customer phone and text phone number, making it easier for satisfaction people to book assistance. The partnership railway PAUL PLUMMER will continue to focus on tackling barriers to travel so the railway is accessible for all. 50 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03 © Network Rail

What will be the greatest challenge or opportunity for the UK rail sector as it enters Control Period 6 (CP6)?

CARNE: 7KHUHDUHWZRVLJQLǩFDQWFKDQJHVWRRXU on a case-by-case basis, outside the control period Strategic Business Plan for CP6, compared to the SURFHVVǁDQGRQFHWKRVHSURMHFWVDUHVXǫFLHQWO\ CP5 plan. mature, they will be presented to funders for Firstly, over the past few years Network Rail a funding decision. has radically changed its structure from a very large monolithic centralised company to the WHITTINGTON: We are well on our way to producing one we see today that is divided into eight WKHǩQDOGHWHUPLQDWLRQLQWKHDXWXPQZKLFKZLOO geographically-based devolved businesses – apply to Network Rail from April 2019. Throughout called routes – that are close to local customers, the last two years we have supported the work passengers, stakeholders and funders. Our of Network Rail in transforming its business into ninth route – Freight and National Passengers eight geographical routes. The periodic review will The five-year Operators – is a virtual route that looks after VHWRXWVLJQLǩFDQWFKDQJHVWRKRZZHUHJXODWH funding settlement nationally-focused customers whose interests Network Rail, with a greater use of comparison that Network Rail extend across our geographical routes’ boundaries. EHWZHHQWKHJURXSVDQGDVSHFLǩFIRFXVRQWKH has received Our CP6 Strategic Business Plan has been built from performance of the system operator responsible for provides certainty the ground up, by regional teams with expert local network-wide planning. for planning and knowledge, building realistic and challenging plans 7KHǩYH\HDUIXQGLQJVHWWOHPHQWWKDW1HWZRUN rather than the centre taking the lead and making Rail has received provides certainty for planning investment. That is their best estimates of what was needed. and investment. That is particularly important for particularly Secondly, big projects – enhancements – are also the next Control Period, where a fresh emphasis on important for the mainly excluded from this control period process. renewals is necessary, as well as proactive work to next Control Period, For CP5 a ‘wish-list’ of projects was included in the reduce risk and improve safety for everyone using where a fresh funding settlement and a lump sum attached to and working on the railways. emphasis on that list. However, the majority of those projects A key challenge for each route, which will have were at a very early stage of development and as a huge impact on the overall success of CP6, is renewals is WKHLUGHǩQLWLRQDQGVFRSHZDVH[SORUHGDQGWKH their ability to deliver in year one of the new necessary, as well as projects matured it became clear that the money Control Period. This is both in terms of carrying out proactive work to available could not hope to fund everything on the work as planned but also in terms of the quality reduce risk and WKHOLVW7KLVOHGWRVLJQLǩFDQWǩQDQFLDOLVVXHVDQG of the relationships they create with their route improve safety for pressure for the company and for Government. This stakeholders. It is the relationships with their everyone using and mistake won’t be made again as the settlement operators as well as the supply chain that will for CP6 will focus on funding the day-to-day costs help ensure our overall objective for the review of working on the of running, maintaining and renewing the railway DVDIHUPRUHHǫFLHQWDQGEHWWHUXVHGQHWZRUNIRU railways network, and projects will be funded and treated passengers and freight customers will be met. JOANNA WHITTINGTON @GlobalRailway 51 REGIONAL DEBATE | UK

PLUMMER: CP6 provides a new opportunity to close their lines, but we work in a way that keeps ensure the railway delivers on its commitment our rail network moving. That’s a real talent and to boost local communities through localised something the UK rail sector can certainly, and decision-making and investment. The sector is should be, exporting. in the process of establishing local supervisory The UK’s Minister of State for Trade and Export boards, or equivalents, made up of Network Rail Promotion at the Department for International in partnership with operators and suppliers, train Trade (Baroness Fairhead) has been actively operators and passenger groups to ensure that seeking to help the industry export our experience, customers and communities have a stronger but we need more government help in pushing voice in rail decision-making. These will be in forward. Alliances are now delivering near-perfect place across all routes in England and Wales handback with virtually no safety criticism and by the spring of 2018 with a similar arrangement this level of performance is astounding and far already in place in Scotland. This will help to better than witnessed in previous control periods ensure decisions around rail serve the interests or other sectors. of local communities. We need to play to our capabilities rather Much of Network Rail’s work is now approved at than dwell on certain well-publicised challenging a local level, which will speed up decision-making. schemes, the costs of which are publicly known and Working in partnership with train operators will therefore give the industry a bad name. We must help to ensure rail remains focused on improving look at what enhancement-type activities can be services for passengers and supporting local best served by existing framework holders. A lot economies. As well as local collaboration, we must of the work at Waterloo Station, for example, continue to join these local teams up nationally to wasn’t delivered by the project team per se, but by ensure the network is planned and delivered as one the fully-embedded Track Alliance in the region. railway. This will enable the industry to identify the Going forward we need to look at better developed best solutions for communities across the country, designs and understanding of projects before we On a global which together with transparent analysis can help let the work and publicise the costs – but also perspective, I think to inform investment and planning decisions. As we look to utilise national frameworks and ensure what we do in the UK approach CP6, bringing decisions closer to home experts complete projects without getting bound is world class. We’re will transform the railway, unlocking the potential in procurement processes which fail to deliver the absolutely at the of our communities to grow and thrive. expected end results. The UK’s rail construction sector is leading the cutting-edge of QUINNELL: On a global perspective, I think what we way within the wider UK construction space. delivering rail do in the UK is world class. We’re absolutely at the We really are leaders and the UK is showing the rest projects cutting-edge of delivering rail projects. We work to of the world what can be done. We just need to get JAMES QUINNELL challenging constraints – other countries simply better at publicising our strengths. 52 globalrailwayreview.com INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT

INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT

Scott Kelley, Market Director, Strategic Rail, UK and Europe at SNCL Atkins discusses how the UK’s rail sector is sprinting into a digital future and addresses some of the challenges the industry might face as these modern changes start to take shape.

THE FUNDAMENTAL challenge facing UK what we already have. As Network Rail’s The implementation of a digital rail rail is as simple as it is stark: As passenger Mark Carne pointed out: “A like-for-like strategy, whilst continuing to operate numbers increase – approximately replacement would cost circa £20 billion a network functioning largely on 40 per cent forecast by 2040 – to address and deliver very little in terms of passenger conventional technology, will create the capacity challenge we need new EHQHǩWV1HZGLJLWDOVLJQDOOLQJRǨHUV both opportunities and challenges for methods that go beyond the traditional DPRUHFRVWHǨHFWLYHDOWHUQDWLYHWKDW infrastructure and train operators as the approach of building more platforms, DOVREULQJVVLJQLǩFDQWEHQHǩWVIRUUDLO two technologies co-exist for a considerable tracks and trains, due to the cost of users, such as more capacity, speed time. Ensuring that the focus is on infrastructure. In the future, greater and reliability.” GHOLYHULQJV\VWHPZLGHHFRQRPLFEHQHǩWV capacity and performance will need to But moving into the digital age, realising and improved passenger experience will come from a step-change in how the WKHVHEHQHǩWVPHDQVPDNLQJGLǫFXOW ensure that any challenges will be easier to industry integrates digital technologies implementation decisions. All parties overcome, in comparison to a less focused across track, train, control systems and within the industry need to align against piecemeal implementation. wider digital infrastructures. a common set of objectives in a system With passenger experience at the top Against this backdrop we must challenge WKDWDOORZVHǨHFWLYHFRPSURPLVH of the agenda in the rail sector, adopting old perceptions of an industry unwilling, One way to achieve this would be these new technologies and delivering or slow, to modernise with a series of digital strategies and a delivery plan transformational change quickly will be ambitious changes that not only ensure that encompasses all elements of train key to securing rail’s future position in the better performance for customers but FRQWUROLQFOXGLQJWUDǫFPDQDJHPHQW evolving transport ecosystem. Adopting position the industry at the heart of a newly conventional signalling and all associated digital technologies will undoubtedly deliver connected UK transportation network. data and telecommunications networks KXJHSDVVHQJHUDQGRSHUDWRUEHQHǩWVDQG This means driving the continual under a single controlling mind. underpin the future of rail across the UK. development of digital capabilities A key objective of this is to accelerate the Whilst incredibly exciting, a range of across the sector. The announcement development and funding for the strategic new challenges might appear along the of the Digital Rail Strategy in May 2018 business cases currently being developed way. But working together as an industry by Secretary of State, Chris Grayling, is by the Digital Railway Programme team, will ensure a huge success and deliver a start. The plan provides a commitment ensuring they can be consistently applied a transformational change that lasts and an impetus, favouring a sensible DFURVVWKHQHWZRUNGULYLQJRXWWKHEHQHǩWV for a generation. approach in phasing the implementation RIGLJLWDOLVDWLRQLQDIDVWHUPRUHHǫFLHQW of digital technologies, but there are ZD\DQGFRQVLGHULQJWKHEHQHǩWVWR limitations. There are challenging questions the system as a whole, rather than the SCOTT KELLEY is Market Director for Strategic about what the correct regulatory and LQGLYLGXDOEHQHǩWVRIRQHVFKHPH7KLV Rail at SNCL Atkins in the UK, leading the delivery contractual environment needs to look like FRXOGOHDGWRDEHQHǩWVGULYHQDJUHHG and winning of work for key clients in the sector. in a devolved structure of routes where implementation plan between industry and Scott has worked for Atkins for 15 years in a variety of senior roles including key positions on Jeddah control for decision-making sits with the government, taking into account broader Airport, Doha Gold Line, Metronet and AWE. Prior operating companies. issues such as supply chain capacity and to joining Atkins Scott held roles in Railtrack and The other challenge will be ensuring capability to focus attention on those the SRA. Scott is Chartered Mechanical Engineer the digital systems work to complement schemes that would deliver the greatest and holds a Master’s Degree in Construction Engineering from Cambridge University. each other in delivering new capacity HFRQRPLFEHQHǩWDQGLPSURYHPHQWLQ but, more importantly, make the most of passenger experience. @GlobalRailway 53 THE PASSENGER

Rail and tech collaboration is key for growing the international market

Travel technology companies and rail companies have a common goal: To provide the best possible customer experience and access to tickets. This in turn boosts distribution and sales and ultimately encourages more people to travel by train – one of the most sustainable forms of public transport. Daniel Beutler, General Manager for travel technology company Trainline International, says there are many ways in which the rail sector can ZRUNDVRQHWRDFKLHYHWKLVUHVXOWLQJLQEHQHǩWVIRUWKHHQWLUHLQGXVWU\

Creating a standard WKH\WUDYHOLQWKHZRUOG7KHODFNRIDXQLǩHG 7KHǩUVWDQGSRWHQWLDOO\PRVWLPSRUWDQWZD\ZH data standard on distribution holds the industry can work together is to implement standardised back, as unnecessary complexity creates a barrier rail data internationally, meaning customers can to seamless journeys for travellers throughout receive the same booking experience wherever (XURSHDQGEH\RQG7RRRIWHQUDLOWUDYHOOHUVǩQGLW challenging to navigate international rail systems to locate information on ticket prices, let alone identify the correct route, the best price and the We want to put global rail travel in our most convenient journey. There will be greater customers’ pockets, making the train the opportunity for the rail industry to attract more customers if the complexity associated transport mode of choice, whether at home or abroad with rail travel is removed, particularly for cross-border journeys. 54 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

:KHQLWFRPHVWRFUHDWLQJDǩUVWUDWHUDLO Disseminating data booking system, technology companies are well Travel technology companies and rail carriers that Opening up placed to inject valuable expertise and innovative ZRUNKDQGLQKDQGEHQHǩWDOOSDUWLHV7RDFKLHYH data is in the best solutions. These are elements that Trainline1 has maximum impact, carriers are required to open up interest of the focused on for many years – we’ve created an retail and journey data to everyone. Timetables and customer – and LQGXVWU\OHDGLQJGLJLWDOSODWIRUPWKDWVLPSOLǩHV real-time data are key to nurturing seamless complex systems, creating a standardised way multi-operator journeys, which is proven to drive what’s good for the to book tickets, with the capacity to connect demand. A great example of this is Transport for customer is good for every rail network in the world. We currently London’s (TfL) open data policy, which generates an the rail industry connect more than 100 rail carrier partners HFRQRPLFEHQHǩWRIXSWRfPLOOLRQ2 for the city across Europe and beyond – each with each year. All stakeholders in a modern transport DGLǨHUHQWVWDQGDUGǁDQGRXUWHFKQRORJ\EULQJV ecosystem should take note of this and encourage these standards together in one simple user industries to replicate. experience that enables customers to book Trainline serves customers in 173 countries, with ease. The reason we’ve been so focused LQGLǨHUHQWODQJXDJHVDQGFRQQHFWVPRUHWKDQ on creating a standardised system is simple: 170 transport partners globally. The company is We want to put global rail travel in our customers’ focused on encouraging the public to opt for rail pockets, making the train the transport mode whilst travelling abroad, for leisure or business. of choice, whether at home or abroad. Access to real-time data, on a trusted platform known well, increases the likelihood that travellers Delighting our customers will journey by rail when visiting a new country. By removing the complexity of booking for travellers, Returning to the TfL example; by opening up data we’re providing an enjoyable experience in whichever to third-party apps, the transport authority found country they need to travel in, which encourages that customers could better plan their journeys. them to continue using rail. I experienced this This enabled them to use TfL services more DANIEL BEUTLER leads myself recently on a trip to Milan. As I walked to regularly and these additional journeys were valued Trainline’s international business and is responsible the train station, I opened the Trainline app and at (a conservative) £20 million per year. Opening up for the growing number of booked my ticket whilst on the move. I had instant data is in the best interest of the customer – and commercial relationships access to all the information I needed for my what’s good for the customer is good for the with Europe’s rail companies. journey, such as which platform to head to and rail industry. He has extensive experience whether my train was running on time – giving me in the rail industry, with previous roles at Captain QRUHDVRQWRRSWIRUDǪLJKWLQVWHDG$OOWKH Supporting newcomers Train, where he was COO, unknown factors of the journey were removed As well as working closely with all major rail and Deutsche Bahn, where and the travel experience matched the one I’m used carriers, it is the mission of established travel he held roles including CEO to at home. technology companies to provide the public with of France, Director of A simple booking process is what every all possible options – including journeys provided Western Europe Sales and Marketing and Director for customer expects and it’s what we should by new carriers – in a transparent and easy way. Emerging Markets. Daniel consistently deliver, to ensure we don’t lose them Trainline operates on the understanding that studied transportation and to another form of transport. Technology and rail FRPSHWLWLRQLQUDLOEHQHǩWVWKHFXVWRPHUJUHDWO\ tourism in Lüneburg, Dresden companies should always look for new ways to as it increases innovation, resulting in more choice and at McGill University further enhance the customer experience. When and a better-quality experience. The Swedish rail in Montreal, Canada. seamless booking is combined with digital ticketing, market is a great example of this, a recent increase for example, the experience is taken to the next in market competition has resulted in healthy OHYHO$GGWRWKLVH[FLWLQJDUWLǩFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFHOHG organic growth for both the incumbent and the innovation and the experience becomes heightened. new railway. For this reason, we’re committed to This is the main focus of our company: We invest SDUWQHULQJZLWKQHZFDUULHUVWRRǨHUFXVWRPHUV heavily in our technology to provide rail travellers the choice they want and to help grow the overall cutting-edge innovation, designed to keep customers market. Our role is to help the challenger become coming back. In the last few months alone, we’ve established in the market by connecting their launched a price prediction tool and a voice app in inventory to that of other rail networks around WKH8.DQGDUHFRQWLQXDOO\LPSURYLQJRXURǨHULQJ them – it’s great for all parties involved. with around 200 updates to our apps every week. $QHǨHFWLYHZD\IRUQHZUDLORSHUDWRUVWRWKULYH Constant innovation, resulting in technology that is to leverage the capabilities of trusted third-party REFERENCES empowers the users, delivers added value and drives retailers, which can provide instant reach well more customers into the rail system. Our technology beyond the means of a brand in its infancy. 1. www.thetrainline.com We have seen this work well in countries such as LVGHVLJQHGWRFRPSOHPHQWWKHFDUULHURǨHULQJDQG  KWWSVWǪJRYXNLQIRIRUPHGLD we’re always looking for ways to work ever closer Austria, where we are working with all operators to press-releases/2017/october/ WǪVIUHHRSHQGDWDERRVWV with carrier partners – genuine collaboration will increase additional demand for the country’s trains london-s-economy EHQHǩWWKHHQWLUHLQGXVWU\ and growing the market for everyone. @GlobalRailway 55 INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT

INTERVIEW SPOTLIGHT

Dr Jochen Holzfeind, voestalpine’s Chief Technology 2ǫFHURI5DLOZD\6\VWHPVH[SORUHVWKHFRPSDQ\DžV methods in environmental protection through performance and explains why voestalpine Railway Systems recently exhibited at Europe’s largest transport research conference.

Why did voestalpine Does this include corporate public procurement follows Your presentation at participate at the recent social responsibility, such the principle of the cheapest TRA gave a track system Transport Research as environmental provider, ignoring ecological supplier viewpoint on Arena (TRA) event in considerations? criteria and factors such as the procurement and Vienna, Austria? availability, performance, and operation of smart complex voestalpine has been at the costs, not only during the networks, considering the TRA is co-organised by forefront of environmentally initial purchase but over the total cost of ownership and the European Commission aware innovation for many entire lifecycle. However, rail ecological factors. Why? and attracts many of the years. For example, in the RSHUDWRUVQHHGDQHǫFLHQWDQG decision-makers who set H2Future Project, we research competitive infrastructure if In my previous employment, policy direction. The motto breakthrough technologies they are to compete with other I was responsible for the track of this year’s event was: in view of the EU’s 2030 modes of transport. asset management of Swiss ‘A digital era for transport climate and energy goals. Our interactive Rail LCC Tool, Federal Railways (SBB). I know – solutions for society, Already today ecological which calculates and visualises both sides of the coin, so I can economy and environment’, aspects are an important the relationship between initial call on infrastructure managers UHǪHFWLQJSUHFLVHO\RXURZQ part of our corporate identity; investment and maintenance and system suppliers to understanding of mobility and a reason why voestalpine’s expense for various forms of cooperate closely. Our spheres our role as a mobility enabler. main turnout plant is rail transport, attracted visitors of activity fundamentally

This was reason enough for completely CO2 neutral. We also to our TRA stand. They saw complement each other our strong presence. operate our own hydropower how system costs decrease and should be geared in the plant. Even the waste heat from substantially with the use of common interest of the whole So, your expectations our rail rolling mill is fed into highly developed products, sector. Shift2Rail was one of were quite high? voestalpine’s heating network while track performance and WKHǩUVWOLJKWKRXVHH[DPSOHV which supplies Styrian towns availability rise drastically. and I hope there will be Of course. And they were more with clean energy. These are Politics is well advised to a continuation after 2020. WKDQIXOǩOOHG2XUFRPSDQLHV examples, but they express focus on rail transport if only are recognised as technology a new approach. Not only that, to meet the EU’s own climate leaders and pioneering ZHDUHFRQǩGHQWWKDWIXWXUH goals. The European Institutions DR JOCHEN HOLZFEIND studied innovators in rail transport, public procurement is to be understand that railways, civil engineering at Graz University of Technology. After working at which is why they have the based on best bidder criteria in metros and trams hugely Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) in ear of European Institutions. terms of system performance EHQHǩWIURPFRPSUHKHQVLYH the field of planning and building However, that means we are and lifecycle economics and so digitalisation, diagnostic and new railway lines, Jochen developed H[SHFWHGWRQRWRQO\RǨHU ecological factors should also monitoring systems, data and led the Asset Management advanced products and be considered. analytics and preventative Track of Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) between 2010 and 2017. system solutions, but also to maintenance regimes, so they In September 2017, Jochen joined make a strategic contribution Isn’t this slightly utopian? steer public procurement in this voestalpine as Chief Technology to the sustainability of direction and we welcome and Officer of Railway Systems. railway systems. Not at all! Still too often support that development. 56 globalrailwayreview.com PERFORMANCE ON TRACK® Innovative System Solutions for future-proof networks.

Mobility is changing. Being a global market leader, voestalpine Railway Systems is therefore concentrating on the development of smart system solutions for tomorrow’s rail infrastructure. With 160 years of experience, as well as trend-setting technical and engineering expertise, we are offering products and services that enable best performance and provide excellent user benefit. That‘s what we call „Performance on track®“: highest availability with lowest lifecycle costs. Powerful mobility with efficient innovation and reliable sustainability.

voestalpine Schienen GmbH voestalpine VAE GmbH www.voestalpine.com/schienen www.voestalpine.com/vae BECOME A MEMBER – FREE!

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This form is not valid unless completed in full, signed and dated. Please note that if you have requested a digital edition, you must enter your email address. LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY

Unfortunately, injuries and fatalities occur too often at level crossings around the world, but they could be prevented. With industry campaigns, educational programmes, infrastructure projects, numerous obstacle detection technologies and anti-trespassing measures available, the rail VHFWRULVDFWLYHO\ZRUNLQJWRUHGXFHULVNVDQGSUHYHQWDFFLGHQWV5HDGRQWRǩQGRXWPRUHǍ

SPONSORS: IN-DEPTH FOCUS | LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY

Safety at level crossings: A worldwide issue

Severe collisions at level crossings, happening every day around the world, remind us that the battle to increase safety has not yet been won. As Isabelle Fonverne3URMHFWV2ǫFHUIRU6DIHW\DQG,QWHURSHUDELOLW\DWWKH 8,&ZULWHVKHUHVHYHUDOHǨRUWVDUHVWLOO\HWWREHPDGH

NE OF the major safety risks for bus at an unprotected level crossing (there the railways, outside collisions with are still 3,479 unmanned level crossings on non-authorised persons walking on Indian Railways broad gauge network) Oor around the tracks, are collisions O 27 April 2018, South Africa, Cape Town: with obstacles at level crossings. These obstacles Seven workers killed at the Buttskop are mainly vehicles, particularly buses, coaches Level Crossing, protected by barriers and and trucks but also vulnerable road users. ǪDVKLQJOLJKWV Some examples of recent level crossing accidents resulting in fatalities include: Collisions with school buses are particularly sensitive, because they involve children, and O 14 December 2017: South East France, six collisions with trucks seem to be very present in children killed in a collision with a school bus the media. This is perhaps less the case with the at a level crossing protected by barriers and collisions that occur on roads every day. ǪDVKLQJOLJKWV The causes of collisions at level crossings O 26 April 2018, India, Uttar Pradesh: FDQEHYHU\GLǨHUHQWEXWLWLVUHFRJQLVHGWKDW 13 children killed in a collision with a school human behaviour is the main factor. The vast 60 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

The causes of collisions at level crossings can be very different, but it is recognised that human behaviour is the main factor

ISABELLE FONVERNE joined the International majority of level crossing collisions are caused by Union of Railways (UIC) drivers not observing the highway code, whether in 1992 and has worked in an international environment deliberately or unintentionally. Drivers’ errors for activities including can result from tiredness, stress, consumption of environment, high-speed, pharmaceutical products or other substances or economics, technology and simply from speeding – but they can also be caused research and safety. From by the inappropriate use of electronic devices. early 2010, Isabelle started working on level crossing Most ‘hyperconnected’ individuals are young safety, taking over the people (aged between 15 and 35). Secretariat of the European These behaviours can lead to serious injuries Level Crossing Forum (ELCF) and even death whilst also endangering and of two UIC Safety others – not only other road users but railway Groups: SSMG (Systems Safety Management Group: VWDǨDQGSDVVHQJHUV ERA/CER/UIC) and IRSN Unfortunately, there are several examples (International Railway around the world where collisions with heavy haul Safety Network). Isabelle vehicles have led to derailments of trains and is a Member of the UNECE fatalities of train drivers and passengers – caused Working Party 1 on Road Safety, this is how the UIC by either the impact or heavy goods transported on initiated active discussions the trucks. Danger can also stem from around the with the UNECE to create level crossing environment with objects that were a group of experts on level removed/teared and consequently landed on the crossing safety hosted by trains during the collision. UNECE in Geneva. Isabelle Tackling this issue with the road sector, has been the UIC Coordinator of ILCAD (the International in developed countries and particularly in the EU, Level Crossing Awareness is not an easy task for the railways due to the Day) which has been growing small number of killed and injured persons within year-after-year with the statistics. For example, the one per cent of 45 countries now on-board. fatalities at level crossings in the EU can seem

The vast majority of level crossing collisions are caused by drivers not observing the highway code, whether deliberately or unintentionally

@GlobalRailway 61 IN-DEPTH FOCUS | LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY

ABOVE: There are YHU\LQVLJQLǩFDQWLQFRPSDULVRQWRDOOWKHURDG O Take educational and awareness measures: approximately WUDǫFIDWDOLWLHV+RZHYHUWKH\UHSUHVHQWDERXW Collaboration of rail and road sectors with 37,000 level crossings in Canada 28 per cent of all railway fatalities and 26 per cent Ministries of Education and Transport RIDOOVLJQLǩFDQWUDLOZD\DFFLGHQWV,QLQWKH O Take enforcement measures: Work with the EU, there were 469 collisions at level crossings, police and legal authorities. with 288 fatalities and 239 serious injuries1. 7KHVHǩJXUHVDUHTXLWHKLJKIRUWKHUDLOVHFWRU The railway and road sectors need to evaluate but the industry has been trying to tackle this issue together the potential risks at each level crossing, with other sectors’ stakeholders for many years. VXFKDVSRRUSURǩOHV EXPSVFXUYHV ULJKWRUOHIW To better address risks at level crossings, soft or turns just before or after a crossing, road and rail harder measures have to be taken by the railways, WUDǫFGHQVLW\SRWHQWLDOWUDǫFMDPVYLVLELOLW\ EDG but also by the road sector and authorities. weather conditions, railway signalling, road signs 7RǩQGWKHEHVWVROXWLRQVWKHUHLVWKHQHHGWR and signals) and changing environments (new buildings – shopping centres, industries, housing) O Better evaluate the risks at each and consider upgrading non-protected level level crossing crossings with protection measures (barriers, lights). O %HWWHUHQJDJHVWDNHKROGHUVIURPGLǨHUHQW There should be a high engagement of all sectors, local authorities, communities and stakeholders from the rail and road sectors to users’ associations local authorities to work together to ensure O 7DNHHQJLQHHULQJPHDVXUHVDQGǩQG PRUHHǨHFWLYHFRPPXQLFDWLRQVDERXWVDIHW\DW innovative solutions level crossings. 0RUHHǨRUWVKRXOGEHPDGHLQGHYHORSLQJ innovative engineering solutions and tools to promote level crossing safety, considering the fact ACCORDING TO THE WORLD that level crossings are used by a wide-spectrum of users (private car drivers, professional 11,12 HEALTH ORGANISATION (WHO): drivers, pedestrians, cyclists etc.,) and that these UHTXLUHPHQWVDUHQRWKRPRJHQRXV6SHFLǩFDOO\ O Seventy-three per cent of all road traffic casualties occur among young males under the analysis of user requirements should focus on: the age of 25 – who are almost three times as likely to be killed in a road traffic accident compared to young females – most road fatalities involved males between O Motorised road users: Transport the ages of 10 and 19 professionals, heavy vehicles and O Most young people killed by the top cause (crashes) are ‘vulnerable’ road users: Pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists farm vehicles O Males aged 15-19 make up the biggest share of the annual 115,302 fatalities, mostly O Vulnerable road users: Cyclists, pedestrians, in poorer countries within Europe, the Americas and the Eastern Mediterranean ramblers, horse riders, people with reduced region mobility, users with impaired vision/hearing, O Although far fewer in number, road injuries are still the leading cause of adolescent death in high-income countries. DQGXVHUVZLWKGLǨHUHQWFXOWXUDODQG language backgrounds. 62 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

The European Commission-funded SAFER-LC international institutions, will celebrate the REFERENCES project, coordinated by the International 10th edition of ILCAD on 7 June 2018. 2 Union of Railways (UIC), has already analysed Every year, ILCAD partners select an overarching 1. ERA Safety interim report 2017: www.era.europa.eu/ a certain number of existing level crossing theme for their awareness campaign and this year Document-register/Documents/ safety measures in the EU and will give the message will focus on young level crossing users Safety%20Interim%20 Report%202017.pdf further recommendations3. who represent the category of riskiest behaviour 2. www.uic.org The UIC contributed in setting up a group of both on roads and at road/rail interfaces. 3. http://safer-lc.eu/IMG/pdf/ experts on improving safety at level crossings at the Safety can be improved not only through education saferlc_20171130_d11_v0BǨHB analysis_lc_safety_europe_and_ 81(&(LQ7KHǩQDOUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVZHUH and engineering but also thanks to enforcement beyond.pdf endorsed by the UNECE Working Party on road measures such as CCTV cameras, which legally prove  ZZZXQHFHRUJǩOHDGPLQ 1 4 DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp / WUDǫFVDIHW\ :3 LQ0DUFK . The UIC, UNECE RǨHQGHUVDžPLVEHKDYLRXUUHGOLJKWPLVXVHDQGVSHHG ECE-TRANS-WP1-2017-4e.pdf and FOT also produced a video at the occasion of disobedience. Such enforcement cameras are widely  ZZZXQHFHRUJǩOHDGPLQ 1 5 DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp / ILCAD 2014 . installed in the UK and France. ECE-TRANS-WP1-2017-4e.pdf

The UIC Safety Platform hosts a European Level 6. www.ilcad.org

Crossing Forum (ELCF) working group that has 7. www.ilcad.org/ been exchanging best-practices for level crossing Participants-2017.html safety since 2005. DID YOU KNOW… 8. http://safetydb.uic.org/IMG/pdf/ sdb_2017_public.pdf

7 9. www.ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ The International Level Crossing O Over 40 countries take part in the International statistics-explained/index.php/ 6 Rail_accident_fatalities_in_the_EU Awareness Day (ILCAD) Level Crossing Awareness Day (ILCAD) O There are around 600,000 level crossings in the  ZZZXQHFHRUJǩOHDGPLQ 6 As far as education is concerned, the most world, with 213,000 in the USA, approximately DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp / ECE-TRANS-WP6-2017-Inf-3e.pdf successful project is probably the International 37,000 in Canada and 114,000 in the EU 6 11. www.who.int/life-course/ Level Crossing Awareness Day (ILCAD), launched O There are numerous safety reports, statistics and partners/global-strategy/ 8-10 in 2009 and complementary to already existing data online detailing significant rail-related global-strategy-2016-2030/en/ accidents resulting in fatalities and analysis of national initiatives. 12. www.who.int/life-course/ safety performance at level crossings in UNECE publications/hhr-of-women-child ren-adolescents-report/en/ The UIC, together with railway industry member states. stakeholders, road authorities, academics and

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20 - 21 June 2018 - Stand F7 Quinton Rail Technology Centre - UK

Road Crossings // Road Rail Access // Pedestrian Crossings // Anti-Trespass IN-DEPTH FOCUS | LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY

Development of level crossing safety at West Japan Railway Company

The Japanese National Railway (JNR) was privatised in 1987 and divided into six passenger railways and one freight railway. Over the last 30 years, each company has developed their own operational activities, which includes level crossing safety procedures. For Global Railway Review, West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) colleagues Katsuaki Hiromoto, Senior Manager of Level Crossing Safety, and Ryutaro Uenishi, Senior Manager of

,QWHUQDWLRQDO$ǨDLUVH[SODLQWKHVDIHW\IHDWXUHVWKH\KDYH RYUTARO UENISHI is Senior GHSOR\HGDWOHYHOFURVVLQJVWRVLJQLǩFDQWO\UHGXFHWKH Manager for International Affairs at West Japan number of accidents and help save lives. Railway Company (JR-West). Since joining the company in 2007, he has worked HE NUMBER of accidents at level In a bid to further enhance levels of safety, within human resources and crossings under JR-West has consistently JR-West group developed the ‘Safety Think-and-Act corporate communication positions and has been in his fallen since the implementation 3ODQDžDQGLPSOHPHQWHGLWRYHUǩYH\HDUV current position since June of numerous safety measures In terms of level crossing accidents, our target 2016. Since August 2016, T 1 (see Figure 1). During FY2016 , only 14 cases were was to reduce numbers by 40 per cent from the Ryutaro has been based in recorded – 90 per cent fewer than in FY19871 when 41 cases that occurred in FY20121. By implementing Paris and is a delegate of 144 accidents took place, in the year that JR-West additional safety measures, we reached this target the UIC safety platform. was inaugurated after privatisation. of just 25 cases in FY20171. 64 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

FIGURE 1

Specific methods to decrease level crossing accidents 7KHPRVWHǨHFWLYHZD\WRSUHYHQWOHYHOFURVVLQJ accidents is to abolish level crossings completely, in favour of, for instance, a multi-level structure that JR-West has already implemented in almost 15 per cent of level crossings since 1987 (6,914 in FY19871 and 5,927 in FY20161). ABOVE: Transition of level crossing accidents since company inauguration In view of the cost and length of time that such an enterprise would entail, FIGURE 2 LWZRXOGEHGLǫFXOWWRDEROLVKDOOOHYHO crossings immediately. Therefore, additional FRVWHǨHFWLYHPHWKRGVRIDFFLGHQWSUHYHQWLRQ have been employed following analysis into root causes. These include installing more HǨHFWLYHZDUQLQJOLJKWVREVWDFOHGHWHFWLRQ devices and disseminating level crossing awareness activities. We consider the following examples to be good practices, that are relevant globally for level crossing safety.

360° level crossing warning light A standard warning light is visible in only one direction, so to enhance clarity we have installed 360°-visible warning lights (see Figure 2). As of March 2017, we had installed these lights in approximately 3,100 locations.

Enhance the visibility of special warning signal In the event of an emergency at a level FURVVLQJWKHVLJQDOQRWLǩHVWKHWUDLQGULYHUWKDWWKHUH is an abnormal situation. We have increased the number of such signals and made them bigger so that they are more eye-catching for train drivers.

Obstacle detection device This device detects the presence of an obstacle, such as a pedestrian, wheelchair user, cyclist, car, etc., on a level crossing after the barrier has closed. For instance, if a car has been left on a level crossing then the obstacle detection device immediately alerts the train driver to the irregularity by means of the special warning signal. Between 1987 and 2016, we installed this technology at approximately 2,000 locations. In the last couple of years, we have been installing 3D laser radar railroad crossing obstacle detection systems which enhance the detective function HǨHFWLYHO\IRUPRUHDFFXUDF\ VHHFigure 3). ABOVE: 360° level crossing warning light @GlobalRailway 65 GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

Device with audible warning signal In order to ensure safety in the future, it is To enhance the action of the warning important to consider the railway system’s signal, we developed a device to support drivers’ hardware and software management as well. awareness of displayed signals by supplementing As such, we continuously work to improve the telecommunications with a warning voice. safety management of our organisation. 7KLVGHYLFHLVHǨHFWLYHZLWKLQDNPUDGLXVRI In terms of level crossing accidents, for instance, a level crossing and repeats an on-board voice DFFRUGLQJWRRXUDQDO\VLVGXULQJWKHODVWǩYH recording every second. years 60 per cent of accidents were due to Due to the successful demonstration of this unavoidable conditions created by over 70s and device during an experimentation period, it was around 79 per cent in FY20161 occurred through DFFUHGLWHGHǨHFWLYHDQGZHDUHQRZVFKHGXOHGWR unsafe crossing behaviour. install more. Finally, our new target in terms of level crossing accidents, shall be lessened by 10 per cent from Level crossing accident prevention campaign FY20171,QDQHǨRUWWRDFKLHYHWKLVZHVKDOOGHHSHQ This should be an indispensable tool for level WKHIRFXVRIFXUUHQWOHYHOFURVVLQJVSHFLǩFULVNV)RU crossing users to help prevent accidents. We have example, in order to prevent older people from missing therefore been conveying the importance of the warning lights, due to their lower-level eye-tracking, adhering to level crossing rules by carrying out we are considering a new method and device to be level crossing awareness campaigns at theatres, installed at a level crossing pedestrian road. KATSUAKI HIROMOTO is Senior Manager of Level televised TV commercials, on-board displays and We will also continue to implement a variety Crossing Safety within CP-wrapped buses and via social media channels. of countermeasures and strategies to increase the Transport Safety We have also been targeting key groups by safety as all employees adopt an inclusive style Department of West Japan providing safety classes for various ages – from of safety management. In particular we will Railway Company (JR-West). senior groups to nurseries and preschools – as well highlight two things: He joined JR-West in 1997 and has since gained a lot of as informing teachers of driving, elementary and experience in engineering secondary schools. 1. 7KHHǨHFWLYHDUUDQJHPHQWRIVDIHW\PHDVXUHV works and its related Furthermore, we provide key information by for the whole JR-West Group internal audits. Katsuaki PHDQVRIDPRYLHRQRXURǫFLDOZHEVLWH 2. The promotion of the ‘decision and action’ has also been the Assistant strategy, which should prioritise safety Manager of the Inquiry and Auditing Department for JR-West Group railway ‘Safety Think- DVSHFWVǩUVW engineering works, and and-Act Plan 2022’ and the future Head of the Wakayama In February 2018, JR-West Group announced Our ‘Think-and-Act’ practice prioritises human Track Maintenance Office. their railway ‘Safety Think-and-Act Plan 2022’ life and helps establish safe procedures within IRUWKHQH[WǩYH\HDUV the company.

RIGHT: 3D laser radar FIGURE 3 railroad crossing obstacle detection system

REFERENCE

1. In Japan, FY starts in April and ends the following March.

66 globalrailwayreview.com IN-DEPTH FOCUS | LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY EXPERTPANEL

As part of our Level Crossing Safety In-Depth Focus, Global Railway Review asked this question to our Expert 3DQHO,IZHDUHWRVHHDVLJQLǩFDQWGURSLQWKHQXPEHURI injuries and fatalities that occur at level crossings around the world, in your opinion what area should be the main focus to prevent accidents and collisions?

WARREN: At the British Transport Police (BTP), Quick and simple to install, to clean and to remove PARTICIPANTS we know all too well that level crossings can be for maintenance, with a life of 25 years, Rosehill dangerous when used incorrectly. That is why we Rail’s Anti-Trespass panels are a proven visual and are committed to working with Network Rail to SK\VLFDORQWUDFNDQGRǨWUDFNGHWHUUHQWWRSHRSOH spread our safety messages – we want people attempting to access the track or prohibited areas. to be sensible, cautious and adhere to warnings. Pre- and post-implementation studies have There are several ways we work with the industry shown them to reduce the number of unauthorised to prevent level crossing misuse and educate people trackside by up to 78 per cent, with motorists and pedestrians on the potential dangers. associated reductions in delays and costs. Part of this includes making sure that those %\DGRSWLQJSURYHQFRVWHǨHFWLYHRQVLWH INSPECTOR BECKY WARREN ZKRPLVXVHOHYHOFURVVLQJVDUHLGHQWLǩHGDQG VROXWLRQVUDLOQHWZRUNVFDQVLJQLǩFDQWO\UHGXFH prosecuted. Many level crossings have CCTV trespassing and the resulting personal injuries British Transport Police (BTP) cameras and mobile safety vehicles, both of which and unfortunate deaths. capture deliberate crossing misuse. We use this essential evidence to identify perpetrators and ANDERSON: Level crossings have always been bring them before the courts. a source of accidents and in the 1970s British Rail BTP has also been successful in introducing embarked upon a series of crossing closures as a Driver Awareness Course for those motorists SDUWRIVSHFLǩFSURMHFWVVXFKDVWKHLQWURGXFWLRQ who deliberately misuse level crossings. These of 125mph trains running on the East Coast Main FRXUVHVDUHGHVLJQHGVSHFLǩFDOO\WRHGXFDWH Line. Clearly, mitigating against the possible risk

motorists, demonstrating what happens when of injury and/or death at level crossings can only ANDREW KNIGHT someone ignores warning signs and consequently be achieved with more closures or rationalisations. puts their life, and the lives of others, in danger. Education and soft measures to raise awareness Export Manager, Rosehill Rail Level crossings are safe when they are used amongst vehicle drivers and pedestrians have correctly, and we’ll continue to work hard with KHOSHGEXWGHVSLWHJUHDWHǨRUWVDURXQGWKHZRUOG Network Rail and train operating companies it’s not enough. Installation of control measures to make sure that misuse is deterred. such as red-light enforcement cameras or Obstacle Detectors (OD) are not long-term solutions. The KNIGHT: 'HVSLWHVLJQLǩFDQWSURJUHVVIURPUDLO supply market can develop many safety measures authorities across the globe, level crossings and innovations but in reality, these are just remain the biggest source of risk for most rail tackling the symptoms, not the cause. networks. The majority of collisions are due to Likewise, for pedestrians, alternative means of PETER ANDERSON

users’ behaviour. crossing the tracks must be provided if deaths and Managing Director, To change this behaviour, the biggest impact for injuries are to be avoided. More bridges, compliant Prime Rail Solutions Ltd. most networks will be achieved by focusing on the with disability regulations, are now regularly being GHSOR\PHQWRIHǨHFWLYHSK\VLFDOYLVXDODQGDXGLEOH designed into projects. RQVLWHVROXWLRQV,PSOHPHQWLQJFRVWHǨHFWLYH It is acknowledged that targeted removal of solutions such as signage, barriers, solar crossings (wherever possible) will contribute to powered audible warning units and Rosehill Rail’s a reduction of deaths and injuries, whilst at the Anti-Trespass panels will change users’ behaviour, same time producing operating and maintenance VLJQLǩFDQWO\UHGXFLQJDFFLGHQWVDQGFROOLVLRQV savings through their closure. @GlobalRailway 67 IN-DEPTH FOCUS | LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY

An educational approach to improving level crossing safety

WENDE CORCORAN was Reducing incidents, deaths and injuries at intersections named Interim President and where roads cross train tracks is an important public safety CEO of Operation Lifesaver, Inc. (OLI) in November 2017, issue around the world. In America, a person or vehicle is having previously served as OLI Vice President. hit by a train roughly every three hours – a stark reality She manages the operations, funding, staffing and that Operation Lifesaver, Inc. (OLI) is determined to change. strategic partnerships of the nation’s non-profit rail safety Interim President, Wende CorcoranH[SORUHV2/,DžVHǨRUWV education organisation. to educate the public of the dangers of level crossings with Before joining OLI in 1999, Wende was an educational a series of safety education campaigns. resource specialist for gifted and talented students in Loudoun County, Virginia Public Schools, where she 2 Y GROUP, the U.S.-based rail safety (ILCAD) . We will also celebrate Rail Safety managed teachers and HGXFDWLRQQRQSURǩW2SHUDWLRQ Week3 with Operation Lifesaver Canada4 on students in a specialised Lifesaver, Inc. (OLI)1, promotes public 23-29 September 2018. These strong international educational programme. safety education and awareness in its partnerships help to raise awareness of rail Wende holds a Master’s in M Curriculum Development and mission to reduce collisions, fatalities and injuries at safety and support our shared goal to eliminate Training from George Mason railway level crossings and prevent trespassing on deaths and injuries around tracks and trains. University in Fairfax, Virginia or near railway tracks. Operation Lifesaver (OL) was formed 46 years and a B.S. in Education On 7 June 2018, OLI will join more than ago and has expanded throughout both the from Indiana University, 40 countries worldwide for the 10th annual U.S. and internationally. Along with Canada, Bloomington, Indiana. International Level Crossing Awareness Day Argentina5 and Estonia6 also have OL programmes: 68 globalrailwayreview.com GLOBAL RAILWAY REVIEW | Volume 24, Issue 03

Mexico and South Africa have similar initiatives. audience because of the high consequences of Through these partnerships, the mission of the an emergency vehicle-train collision. OL’s efforts programme remains paramount: Saving lives 7KHH/HDUQLQJIRUǩUVWUHVSRQGHUVSURJUDPPH have contributed to and reducing injuries at level crossings and EULQJVDWWHQWLRQWRWKHFKRLFHVǩUVWUHVSRQGHUV on and around railroad property. often make around tracks and trains and is an amazing success In 1972 there were approximately 12,000 level intended to help them safely traverse level story, as crossing crossing collisions in the U.S. As a result, Union crossings. While it can take extra caution to collisions have 3DFLǩF5DLOURDGODXQFKHG2/DVDVL[ZHHNSXEOLF navigate a level crossing while heading to an declined by more relations campaign in the state of Idaho. That year, emergency, ambulance drivers, law enforcement than 80 per cent level crossing-related fatalities in Idaho dropped by RǫFHUVǩUHǩJKWHUV(07VDQGGLVSDWFKHUVFDQ over the last 43 per cent. Word of this success spread to other mitigate the risk by knowing what to do. This states which began introducing their own public e-Learning programme, developed with input from four decades education safety programmes. Today there are IHOORZǩUVWUHVSRQGHUVKDVIRXULQWHUDFWLYHVHFWLRQV functioning OL programmes in 47 states. OLI was to familiarise response personnel with the rail established in 1986, serving as the programme’s environment and puts the user behind the wheel QRQSURǩWQDWLRQDOVXSSRUWFHQWUH for a virtual trip to an incident, respond to safety Today in the U.S., OL reaches millions of risks and manage an emergency on railroad tracks. people through presentations customised for school groups, driver education classes, Rail safety education for community audiences, professional drivers, law students aged five to 22 HQIRUFHPHQWRǫFHUVDQGHPHUJHQF\UHVSRQGHUV Through funding from our U.S. government safety The programmes are co-sponsored by federal, partners, we are continuing to develop engaging state and local government agencies, highway materials to reach important audiences in two safety organisations and America’s railroads. main ways. First is through free, in-person safety OL promotes the three e’s – education, enforcement presentations by our trained volunteer speakers or and engineering – to keep people safe around the DWODUJHSXEOLFHYHQWV6HFRQGLVE\LQYLWLQJVSHFLǩF tracks and railway crossings within communities. audiences to access, free-of-charge, our materials 2/DžVHǨRUWVKDYHFRQWULEXWHGWRDQDPD]LQJ electronically on our website1. Whether in person success story, as crossing collisions have or online, all our materials have consistent safety declined by more than 80 per cent over the last PHVVDJHVVSHFLDOO\GHVLJQHGIRUGLǨHUHQWDJH four decades. Those gains came from closing groups or audiences. unnecessary crossings, improvements in crossing Our newest educational materials were ZDUQLQJGHYLFHVLQFUHDVHGHQIRUFHPHQWRIWUDǫF GHYHORSHGWRDSSHDOGLUHFWO\WRVWXGHQWVDJHGǩYH ODZVDQGWKHHGXFDWLRQDOHǨRUWVRI2/DQGLWV to 14 and new drivers and students aged 15-22. safety partners. Every year, more than 900 trespassers and over However, pedestrian-rail trespass incidents have 1,000 motorists in the U.S. are involved in incidents not seen the same level of improvement. In fact, along train tracks or at level crossings, so reaching BELOW: Screenshot: Safety video every year since 1997, more people have been school-aged students with free materials that are messages appealing killed while trespassing on tracks in the U.S. than interesting, fun and convey lifesaving information to inexperienced from vehicle-train collisions at railroad crossings. is an important part of our multi-faceted approach drivers – especially young adults – can Unintentional deaths and injuries resulting from to reducing those numbers. Materials for children help raise level crossing illegal trespassing continue to reach close to DJHGǩYHWRLQFOXGH safety awareness 1,000 each year. A recent U.S. Congressional 5HVHDUFK2ǫFHUHSRUW7 reviewed the issues at stake. Clearly, challenges remain for rail safety advocates, particularly in preventing trespassing on railroad rights-of-way. With our continuing ‘See Tracks? Think Train!’8 VDIHW\HGXFDWLRQFDPSDLJQZKLFKǩUVWVWDUWHGLQ 2014, OL encourages drivers and pedestrians to make safety an automatic habit near train tracks.

Reaching professional drivers and first responders There are free e-Learning programmes available online for professional truck drivers9, school bus drivers10DQGRXUQHZHVWSURJUDPPHIRUǩUVW responders11. First responders and emergency vehicle drivers are an extremely important target @GlobalRailway 69 IN-DEPTH FOCUS | LEVEL CROSSING SAFETY

REFERENCES ‘Trains & Tracks’ OLI’s passion is preventing deaths and injuries 7KLVSUHVHQWDWLRQIRUFKLOGUHQDJHGǩYHWRHLJKW near rail tracks and level crossings. Our new ‘Drive 14 1. www.oli.org introduces them to basic safety messages and train Safe Near Trains’ programme is intended to

2. www.ilcad.org attributes, emphasising the importance of using be entertaining for inexperienced drivers while

3. www.oli.org/about-us/news/ caution around trains and tracks. The information helping them safely navigate level crossings. rail-safety-week-2017 is presented in a story called ‘Train and the With lesson plans created especially for driving 4. www.operationlifesaver.ca Whateveritwas’ which incorporates key safety educators to accompany the video, our goal is to 5. www.operacionsalvavidas.com.ar messages in an entertaining and engaging format. help today’s new drivers make the right choices 6. www.ole.ee at level crossings. A digital ad and social media 7. www.everycrsreport.com/reports/ IN10753.html ‘Train Safety Savvy’ outreach campaign is also underway to alert 8. www.seetracksthinktrain.org This presentation is for children aged eight a broader audience of 15-22-year-olds to the 9. www.oli.org/e-learning-survey to 11 and covers general safety messages, signs, competition and generate interest in the videos 10. www.oli.org/schoolbusdriver signals and trespass prevention messages using and safety messages.  ZZZROLRUJǩUVWUHVSRQGHU information and interactive games sequences to 12. www.oli.org/education-resources/ keep the attention of this age group. Sharing rail safety messages for-kids through social media 13. www.oli.org/video/view/ how-to-drive-near-trains ‘Main Line Middle School’ Our social media accounts provide further 14. www.oli.org/drivesafe This presentation uses emoji-like characters in platforms for us to engage with audiences across 15. www.facebook.com/operation. a colourful, yearbook-style storyline to appeal to the globe. Rail safety advocates can help spread lifesaver smartphone-savvy students aged 11-14. It covers our message by following, liking, retweeting and 16. www.twitter.com/olinational 15-18 17. www.instagram.com/ general safety messages, signs, signals and sharing our posts on these platforms . operation_lifesaver_inc trespass prevention messages. 18. www.pinterest.com/olinational Rail Safety Week (RSW) These new educational tools are available for RSW is a key part of our ongoing mission of viewing on the OL for Kids12 section of the OLI reducing collisions, fatalities and injuries at level website. We are excited to share these new crossings and preventing trespassing on or near educational materials with students, educators and railway tracks, reinforced by our ‘See Tracks? schools across the U.S. Think Train!’ campaign. To reach inexperienced drivers – especially teens RSW 2018 will be observed by OL programmes and young adults – with critical information on and partners in the U.S. and Canada from how to drive safely near train tracks, we recently 23-29 September. The goal is to raise awareness released a new 10-minute driver training video13 of the need for rail safety education and to empower and a 30-second public service announcement the public to keep themselves safe near level inviting them to watch the video and enter crossings and railroad rights-of-way. We are grateful a competition. The video demonstrates how to drive to the sponsors, partners and state OL programmes safely near railroad tracks, highlights consequences who made RSW a success in 2017 by helping to of unsafe behaviour and raises awareness of the spread lifesaving messages to millions of people. need for caution and alert driving behaviour near Together, we are making communities safer level crossings. across the U.S. – and all around the world.

RIGHT: U.S. rail-related fatalities comparison – 1977 vs. 2017 1,200 992 1,000 800 600 553 399 400 273 200 0 Trespass Crossing Deaths Deaths

Source: U.S. Department of Transportation 1977 2017

70 globalrailwayreview.com Your ticket to global rail expertise, opinion and intelligence

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