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Svenskt Gudstjänstliv Årgång 82 / 2007 Svenskt Gudstjänstliv årgång 82 / 2007 Hjärtats tillit förord 1 omslagsbild Luther skapade ett eget emblem eller vapenmärke, den s.k. Lutherrosen, som han såg som en enkel symbol för hela sin tankevärld. I ett brev den 8 juli 1530 ger han följande förklaring till sitt emblem: Först är det ett kors, svart i ett hjärta med naturlig färg, för att jag skall påminnas om att tron på den Korsfäste gör oss saliga. Ty om man tror av hjärtat, blir man rättfärdiggjord… Ett sådant hjärta skall sitta mitt i en vit ros som symbol för att tron ger glädje, tröst och frid – den sätter kort sagt den troende i glädjens vita ros. Tron ger inte den frid och glädje som värl- den ger. Därför skall rosen inte vara röd utan vit, ty den vita färgen är alla saliga andars och änglars färg. Rosen skall stå i ett himmelsblått fält som symboliserar att glädjen i anden och tron är en början på den kommande himmelska glädjen. Den är redan nu en del av tron, som i hoppet griper om det man ännu inte ser. Och runt detta fält finns en gyllene ring som ett tecken på att saligheten i himmelen är evig och utan slut, och därtill mer värd än all jordisk glädje, precis som guldet är den allra ädlaste och dyrbaraste av metaller. 2 svenskt gudstjänstliv 2007 Svenskt Gudstjänstliv årgång 82 / 2007 Hjärtats tillit Trosförmedling i luthersk tradition redaktör Sven-Åke Selander Lars-Olle Armgard Anders Dillmar Lars Eckerdal Ragnar Holte Jørgen Kjærgaard Inger Selander Birgit Stolt Bernice Sundkvist förord 3 Laurentius Petri Sällskapet för svenskt gudstjänstliv abonnemang på årsboken svenskt gudstjänstliv Det finns två typer av abonnemang 1 Medlemmar i Laurentius Petri Sällskapet för svenskt gudstjänstliv (LPS) erhåller årsboken som medlemsförmån samt meddelanden om sällskapets övriga verksamhet. Nya medlemmar är välkomna. Medlemsavgiften 2007 är 150 kr. För medlemmar utanför Sverige tillkommer extra distributions- kostnader. Inbetalning görs till sällskapets plusgirokonto 17 13 72–6. Kassaförvaltare är kyrkokantor Ing-Mari Johansson, Box 3193, 531 03 Vinninga. Tel.: 0510 50637. E-postadress: [email protected] 2 Abonnemang på enbart årsboken kostar 140 kr för 2007. För abonnenter utanför Sverige tillkommer extra distributionskostnader. Avgiften sätts in på årsbokens plusgirokonto 42 68 84–3, Svenskt gudstjänstliv. Ekonomi- ansvarig för årsboken är professor Ragnar Holte, Magnus Stenbocksgatan 3, 222 24 Lund. Tel.: 046 151408. E-postadress: [email protected] Laurentius Petri Sällskapet för svenskt gudstjänstliv (LPS) Organisationsnummer 89 47 00–7822 Ordförande: TD Anna J Evertsson, Råstensvägen 8, 297 73 Önnestad. Tel.: 044 76967 E-postadress: [email protected] Laurentius Petri Sällskapet bildades 1941. Dess årsbok har till uppgift att presentera, diskutera och föra ut forskning och utvecklingsarbete inom det kyrkovetenskapliga området kring: liturgi kyrkokonst kyrkomusik predikan Årsboken 2007 ges ut med ekonomiskt stöd från Vetenskapsrådet samt Sam- fundet Pro Fide et Christianismo (kyrkoherde Nils Henrikssons stiftelse). © Artos & Norma bokförlag, 2007 © Laurentius Petri Sällskapet och författarna 2007 Tryck Team Offset, Malmö 2007 Grafisk form Magnus Åkerlund issn 1101-7937 www.artos.se 4 svenskt gudstjänstliv 2007 Förord 6 sven-åke selander Välsignelse i trinitarisk belysning Luthers tolkning av den aronitiska välsignelsen 10 bernice sundkvist Nun freut euch lieben Christen gmein Den svenska receptionen av Luthers psalm 31 inger selander Nun freut euch lieben Christen gmein Den danska receptionen av Luthers psalm 52 jørgen kjærgaard Kommunionsång i Svenska kyrkan 82 lars eckerdal Musiken som ordets tjänarinna i Martin Luthers tyska mässa 1526 131 birgit stolt Luther och Haeffners koralarbete 157 anders dillmar »Lutherska» tankar i Anders Frostensons psalmer 188 lars-olle armgard Andlig frihet versus katekestvång. Vad är »lutherskt»? 200 ragnar holte 243 Recensioner förord 5 Förord sven-åke selander Titeln på årsboken Svenskt Gudstjänstliv 2007 är hämtad från Dietrich Bonhoeffers psalm i översättning av Jonas Jonson: »Med hjärtats tillit att Guds goda makter / beskyddande och trofast kring oss står» (Psalmer i 2000-talet, 817). Samspelet mellan »hjärtats tillit» och »Guds goda makter» är också ett bärande tema i Ingmar Johanssons mässa: »till dig. Kroppens och innerlig- hetens mässa». Eftersom hjärtat inte bara lever i tilliten utan också utsätts för sår, »vårt sår», »hjärtats sår», sjunger man i mässan om sorg och onda dagar. Mot denna bakgrund framträder Gud som »den läkande kraften», som den som kan »rädda våra skrämda själar», som får människor att känna att: »du får komma precis som du är. / Du är älskad precis som du är. / Du är väntad precis som du är» (Johansson, »till dig», preludium). Man kan urskilja två tyngdpunkter i Bonhoeffers psalm och Johanssons texter och musik. Hjärtat står som symbol både för den oroliga, sökande, hjälpbehövande människan och för den människa som funnit sin tillflykt och trygghet hos Gud, och för hjärtpunkten, dvs. det centrum i den kristna tron, där oro förbyts i trygghet, i mötet med det frälsande budskapet: »en- dast kärlek läker hjärtats sår». Både hjärtat och hjärtpunkten framgår också av följande vers i Bonhoef- fers psalm: Än plågar allt det gamla våra hjärtan, än tynger onda dagar som vi minns. Kom, Herre, rädda våra skrämda själar med frälsningen som vi har skapats till (817:2). Har man väl funnit och upplevt hjärtpunkten i den kristna tron kan man också uppleva i sitt hjärta att: 6 svenskt gudstjänstliv 2007 I goda makters underbara omsorg vi väntar lugnt vadhelst oss möter här. Gud är hos oss var afton och var morgon, Guds kärlek genom varje dag oss bär (817:1–5). Fem gånger sjungs denna refräng i psalmen. Trygg musikalisk utformning understödjer också Johanssons budskap: vägen till ett hjärta som kan leva i tillit går via upptäckten av och inlevelsen i den kristna trons hjärtpunkt: frälsningen. Eller uttryckt med Ingmar Johanssons text: För hur skulle Kristus komma Hur skulle Kristus Om inte på detta omvälvande sätt Genom ett brustet hjärta Genom ditt hjärta Älskade, var inte Var inte rädd Älskade, var inte rädd (Predikan) Vi tror på den namnlöse guden som laddar vårt liv med liv Som bor i vår omsorg om allt som är skört, hjärtats vilda knytnävsslag Vi tror att Gud är den läkande kraften i sorgen som vidgat våra liv (Credo) För Martin Luther och för evangelisk – luthersk trostolkning var och är samspelet mellan hjärtats behov av tillit och trons hjärtpunkt: frälsningen i tro på Kristus avgörande för möjligheten att kunna leva »i goda makters underbara omsorg». Om hur budskapet om detta samspel kommunicerats och kommuniceras till människor handlar denna årsbok. Martin Luthers trostolkning står i centrum. Det handlar också om hur man i olika sam- manhang sökt föra hans trostolkning vidare. En viktig fråga för Bernice Sundqvist i hennes inledande uppsats är: »vad betyder det för Luther att bli välsignad»? Ett av hennes svar är att Luther ville betona »välsignelsen som Guds omsorg och beskydd […] Luther vill väcka tillit till en vänligt välsignande Gud» som beaktar både kroppsligt förord 7 och andligt. För att uttrycka detta lyfte Luther som välsignelseformel fram den aronitiska välsignelsen, som berättar om »hur Gud beskyddar och ger ljus, nåd och frid», formuleringar som skapar »en rätt tillit hos mot- tagaren». För Luther var trons hjärtpunkt, frälsningsbudskapet, något som borde väcka glädje i hjärtat. »Var man må nu väl glädja sig / här är stor fröjd på färde». En nådig Gud var trons hjärtpunkt och budskapet om detta ett glädjebudskap för hjärtat: »Nun freut euch lieben Christen gmein». I den psalmen förmedlar Luther hjärtats glädje över djävulens nederlag och Guds seger. Inger Selander och Jørgen Kjærgaard visar hur detta glädjebudskap förvaltats i olika översättningar i Sverige och i Danmark fram till vår tid. Trons hjärtpunkt och människans sökande efter tillit kommer i kyrkoli- vet särskilt fram i nattvardens sakrament. Lars Eckerdal visar med utgångs- punkt i Lutherpsalmen »Gott sei gelobet und gebenedeiet» / »Gud wari Loffuat och högeliga prijsat» hur kommunionsången utformats i Svenska kyrkan. Kronologiskt kan tidsspannet mellan originaltexten från 1524 och Den svenska psalmboken från 1986 tyckas vara långt, men budskapet är detsamma: »Gud vare lovad! Han som i sin godhet / mättar oss vid natt- vardsbordet» och »förnyar våra hjärtan» (A. Frostensons översättning). Att uttrycka tron i musikalisk form var en väsentlig uppgift för Luther och reformatorerna. Men hur skapa en musikalisk form som inte bara underströk den intellektuella utan också den emotionella innebörden i den tyska texten. Musiken i den traditionella latinska texten riskerade att motverka upplevelsen av den tyska bibelöversättningens puls. Om dessa problem skriver Birgit Stolt (med biträde av Ragnar Holte). För Birgit Stolts analyser spelar principer från retoriken en avgörande roll och ger nya infallsvinklar. J.C.F. Haeffner var en stor beundrare av Luther och hans reforma- tionsverk. Det gällde av naturliga skäl särskilt Luthers insats på musikens område och påverkade utformningen av Haeffners koralbok. Det är inte osannolikt att Haeffner tillagt Luther en större roll än vad som verkligen är fallet. Om sådana problem skriver Anders Dillmar. Luther har naturligtvis inspirerat till text och ton inte bara direkt utan också indirekt, inte bara på 1500-talet utan ända fram till idag. Hans strä- van att knyta an till dåtidens folkliga musikaliska former motsvaras i dag 8 svenskt gudstjänstliv 2007 av initiativ som Ingmar Johanssons
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