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Ioasaph of Rhodes' Inventory of the Archbishops of Sinai

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Ioasaph of Rhodes' Inventory of the Archbishops of Sinai Journal of Eastern Christian Studies 72(1-2), 33-70. doi: 10.2143/JECS.72.1.3287534 © 2020 by Journal of Eastern Christian Studies. All rights reserved. SINAITICA (2): IOASAPH OF RHODES’ INVENTORY OF THE ARCHBISHOPS OF SINAI ALEXANDER TREIGER In September 1640, Ioasaph of Rhodes, the archbishop (in 1617-1660) of the Sacred Monastery of the God-Trodden Mount Sinai drew up an inventory of the hierarchs of Sinai mentioned in Sinai Arabic (and, on a few occasions, Greek) manuscripts.1 This inventory is preserved in Sinai gr. 2215, fol. 27r / p. 51.2 In his Abridgment of Sacred and World History (Ἐπιτομὴ τῆς ἱεροκοσμικῆς ἱστορίας), first printed in Venice in 1677, Ioasaph’s disciple Nectarius (1602-1676, patriarch of Jerusalem in 1661- 1669) incorporated the information from Ioasaph’s inventory into his own catalogue of the Sinai hierarchs.3 Nectarius’ catalogue, in turn, was worked into the various Greek ‘Descriptions’ of Mount Sinai, the first of which was printed in Tîrgoviște, Romania in 1710.4 An updated Arabic translation of it is preserved in Beirut, Bibliothèque Orientale 17, from 1 This article is the second installment in the series ‘Sinaitica’. For the first installment, see A. Treiger, ‘Sinaitica (1): The Antiochian Menologion, Compiled by Hieromonk Yūḥannā ῾Abd al-Masīḥ (First Half of the 13th Century)’, Христианскй восток / Chris- tian Orient, 8 (14) (2017), pp. 215-252. I am grateful to the anonymous reviewer for critical comments and suggestions. 2 Though several publications have referred to Ioasaph’s inventory, only one seems to provide the correct manuscript number: Κ. Ἄμαντος [K. Amantos], Σιναϊτικὰ μνημεῖα ἀνέκδοτα [Unpublished Sinai Monuments] (Athens, 1928), p. 8. Ioasaph’s inventory is now conveniently accessible on the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/ resource/amedmonastery.00279386139-ms/?sp=30. 3 Νεκτάριος, πατριάρχης Ἱεροσολύμων [Nectarius, Patriarch of Jerusalem], Ἐπιτομὴ τῆς ἱεροκοσμικῆς ἱστορίας [Abridgment of Sacred and World History] (Venice, 1677), pp. 221-223. 4 I have had access only to the 1727 edition: Βιβλίον περιέχον τὴν ἀκολουθίαν τῆς ἁγίας Αἰκατερίνης τό τε προσκυνητάριον τοῦ ἁγίου Ὄρους Σινᾶ [A Book Containing the Service to St. Catherine and the Pilgrimage Guide to the Holy Mount Sinai] (Venice, 1727), pp. 67-68. 34 ALEXANDER TREIGER which it was published by Louis Cheikho.5 During his second visit to Mount Sinai in 1850, the nineteenth-century Russian bishop and scholar Porphyry Uspenskiy (1804-1885) was able to consult Ioasaph’s original inventory (as well as Ioasaph’s other notes) and used it in compiling his own list of Sinai hierarchs.6 Ioasaph of Rhodes’ inventory is, therefore, at the very root of what we know – or think we know – about the chronology of the archbishops of Sinai. Because it was never published or studied, I shall offer an edition and translation of it, with a critical commentary. The edition preserves, as closely as possible, the peculiar orthography of the original as well as its grammar, characteristic of low-register Early Modern Greek.7 The paragraphs have been numbered for easy reference, and Byzantine world era dates have been converted into Anno Domini ones in brackets. The names of the hierarchs of Sinai are standardized, i.e., given in their common English forms through- out, so as not to create a confusion between the diverse forms of the same name across the various languages.8 5 L. Cheikho, ‘Les archevêques du Sinaï’, Mélanges de la Faculté Orientale, Université Saint-Joseph, 2 (1907), pp. 408-421. The Beirut manuscript he used cannot, however, be dated to 1710. 6 П. Успенскiй [P. Uspenskiy], Второе путешествiя архимандрита Порфирiя Успенскаго въ Синайскiй монастырь [Archimandrite Porphyry Uspenskiy’s Second Voyage to the Sinai Monastery] (Saint Petersburg, 1856), pp. 350-367. The sections of Ioasaph’s notebook immediately following the inventory of hierarchs were transcribed in Успенскiй, Второе путешествiя, pp. 298-299, 294, 295-296; the section about the earthquake is found in a Russian translation in П. Успенскiй [P. Uspenskiy], ‘Синайскiй полуостров’ [The Sinai Peninsula], Журналъ министерства народнаго просвѣщенiя, 60 (1848), pp. 137-210, on p. 159. 7 D. Holton and I. Manolessou, ‘Medieval and Early Modern Greek’, in A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language, ed. E.J. Bakker (Malden, MA, 2010), pp. 539-563. 8 In doing so, I am following what seems to have been the normal practice of other stud- ies about the hierarchs of Sinai: the proper names of the hierarchs are usually given in the language of the book or article in question, i.e., the hierarchs called, e.g., Iōannēs, Markos, and Makarios in the Greek sources and Yūḥannā (or Yuḥannā), Marquṣ, and Maqāriyūs (or Maqārī) in the Arabic sources would be referenced in scholarly literature as John, Mark, and Macarius in English; Jean, Marc, and Macaire in French; Ioan, Marcu, and Macarie in Romanian; etc. IOASAPH OF RHODES’ INVENTORY 35 1. EDITION AND TRANSLatION ͵ζρμθʹ, ἐν μηνὶ σεπτευρ(ίῳ) In the Month of September 7149 [=1640] Ἐξαιτάζοντας9 νὰ εὑρῶμεν τοὺς ἐπισκόπους In the course of an investigation aimed at ὁποῦ10 ἀρχιεράτευσαν εἰς τὸ σινᾶ ὄρος, identifying the bishops who served as ηὕραμεν μέρος ἀπ’ αὐτοὺς σποράδην εἰς hierarchs on Mount Sinai, we have found μερικὰ βιβλοία ἀῤῥάβικα,11 καὶ γράφομεν scattered [references] to some of them in πᾶσα ἑνὸς12 τὸ ὄνομάν13 του, καὶ τὸ ἔτος several Arabic books. We shall write down καθῶς εὑρέθη, καὶ εἰς ποῖον βιβλοῖον. the name of each one, the year under which he was found, and in which book. 1. ἐν πρώτοις, εἰς ἕνα μεταφραστὴ, 1. First, in a Metaphrastic collection for νοέμβριον, εὕρειτε14 γερμανὸς· εἰς ͵ϛωμαʹ. November, Germanus was found, in 6841 [=1332/3]. 2. εὕρειτε, εἰς βιβλοῖον τοῦ ἁγίου νίκονος, 2. In a book by St. Nikon, called Ḥāwī in ἀῤῥάβικα λέγετε15 χάβε, ἀρσένιος· εἰς Arabic, Arsenius is found, in 6798 ͵ϛψϟηʹ. εὕρειτε καὶ εἰς ἄλλα βιβλοῖα. [=1289/90]. He is found also in other books. 3. ἀκόμι εἰς ἄλλον βιβλοῖον τοῦ νίκονος, 3. Ιn yet another book by Nikon, also οὓ16 καὶ παντέκτης ὁ μεγάλους·17 [called] Great Pandectes: Euthymius, in εὐθύμιος· ͵ϛψλαʹ. 6731 [=1222/3]. 4. εὕρειτε, εἰς κατήχησες, γαβριὴλ, τοῦ 4. Gabriel is found in Catecheses, his own αὐτοῦ ποίημα. work. 9 Standard Greek: ἐξετάζοντες. On this syntactical construction, see I. Manolessou, ‘From Participles to Gerunds’, in Advances in Greek Generative Syntax: In Honor of Dimitra Theophanopoulou-Kontou, eds. M. Stavrou and A. Terzi (Amsterdam and Philadelphia, 2005), pp. 241-283. 10 In Early Modern Greek, this form is used as a relative pronoun; the accent follows Ioasaph’s spelling. 11 Standard Greek: βιβλία ἀραβικά. 12 Cf. Δ. Δημητράκος [D. Dimitrakos], Μέγα Λεξικὸν ὅλης τῆς ἑλληνικῆς γλώσσης [The Great Lexicon of the Entire Greek Language], 15 vols. (Athens, 1964), XI, p. 5577 (s.v. πασαένας). I am deeply grateful to Fr. Sergey Kim for this reference and for his gen- erous help with deciphering and translating several difficult passages in Ioasaph’s inven- tory. 13 Standard Greek: τὸ ὄνομα. 14 Standard Greek: ηὕρηται / εὕρηται. 15 Standard Greek: λέγεται. 16 Standard Greek: ὅ. For another occurrence of this form of the relative pronoun, see Sinai gr. 2215, fol. 27v / p. 52, line 8. 17 Standard Greek: μέγας. 36 ALEXANDER TREIGER 5. εἰς αʹ κλήμακα, ἰωάννης, καὶ εἰς 5. In a copy of the Ladder: John, and also εὐαγγέλιον· εἰς ͵ϛψογʹ. in a Gospel book: in 6773 [=1264/5]. 6. εἰς προφητολόγη, μάρκος, καὶ εἰς αʹ 6. In a Prophetologion: Mark, and also in τυπικὸν· ͵ϛωξϛʹ. a copy of the Typikon: in 6866 [=1357/8]. 7. εἰς διαφόρους λόγους, καὶ εἰς 7. In various discourses and in a volume of χρισοστομικὸν, συμαιών. Chrysostom: Simeon. 8. εἰς γρηγόριον τὸν θεολόγον, ἰωάννης, 8. In [a book by] Gregory the Theologian: καὶ εἰς ἄλλα. John, and also in other [books]. 9. εἰς πατερικὸν, μιχαὴλ, καὶ εἰς 9. In a Paterikon: Michael, and also in a στηχεράρη, καὶ εἰς ἄλλα. Sticherarion and in other [books]. 10. εἰς ἄλλον νίκονα, θεοδόσιος· ͵ϛψμζʹ. 10. In another [book by] Nikon: Theodosius, in 6747 [=1238/9]. 11. εἰς κατήχησες τοῦ ἁγίου κυρίλλου τῶν 11. In St. Cyril of Jerusalem’s Catecheses: ἱεροσολύμων, σιλουανός. Silouan. 12. εἰς τὸν ἀντίοχον, τὸν πα(ν)τέκτη τὸν 12. In Antiochus’ Small Pandectes: μικρὸν, μακάριος· εἰς ͵ϛψνϛʹ, καὶ εἰς ἄλλα Macarius, in 6756 [=1247/8], and also in πόλλα δίχως ἔτος, μὰ δὲ κατέχο ἂν εἶναι many other books, without a year, but I do καὶ ἄλλος.18 not know if this is another [different] one. 13. εἰς εὐαγγέλιον, μάρκος· ͵ϛτοζʹ. 13. In a Gospel book: Mark, in 6377. [On this date, see commentary below.] 14. εἰς τὸν ἰωάννην τὸν δαμασκηνὸν, 14. In [a book by] John of Damascus: συμαιὼν· εἰς ͵ϛψξϛʹ. Simeon, in 6766 [=1257/8]. 15. εἰς χρισοστομικὸν, γερμανὸς· εἰς 15. In a volume by [John] Chrysostom: ͵ϛψλϛʹ, ὁποῦ19 ἐγράφη τὸ βιβλοῖον. Germanus, in 6736 [=1227/8], by whom the book was copied. 16. εὕρειτε καὶ ἄλλος μακάριος· εἰς τὸν 16. Another Macarius, during whose time καιρόν του τεθαμ(μ)ένος πατριάρχης the patriarch of Jerusalem Euthymius was ἱεροσολύμων εὐθύμιος, εἰς λάρνακα, ἡ ὁποία buried, is found on a reliquary, which is λάρναξ κεῖτε20 εἰς τ’ἀριστερὰ μέρη τοῦ located in the left section of the bema22 of βήματος τῆς μεγάλης ἐκκλησίας ἀπ’ ἔξω μὲ the great church, outside [the iconostasis], ἐγκολαπτὰ γράμματα, εἰς μάρμαρον, in letters engraved in marble, indicating the δικνεῖον21 τὴν ἴνδικτον καὶ τὸ ἔτος· ͵ϛψλβʹ. indiction and the year: 6732 [=1223/4]. 18 The reading of the last clause and the accompanying translation, proposed to me by Fr. Sergey Kim, are to some degree conjectural. 19 Perhaps to be corrected to ἀφ’ οὗ. 20 Standard Greek: κεῖται.
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