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Polish Journal of Natural Sciences Morphometric POLISH JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCES Abbrev.: Pol. J. Natur. Sc., Vol 33(3): 369–383, Y. 2018 MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALIEN CRAYFISH CHERAX QUADRICARINATUS FROM MANINJAU LAKE (WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA) Lora Purnamasari1, Ria Kasmeri1, 2 2 Muhammad Hilman Fu’adil Amin , Agoes Soegianto 1 Study Program of Biology Education, STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat (College of Teacher Training and Education), Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia 2 Department of Biology Airlangga University in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia K e y w o r d s: redclaw, growth, sexual dimorphism, sex ratio. Abstract The objectives of this study were to determine the length – weight relationships (LWRs), carapace-length relationships, sexual dimorphism and condition factors (K) of Cherax quadricarinatus from Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra Indonesia. The sex ratio (male: female) was found close to 1:1 in Bayur and Sigiran at period of February 2017 respectively, and 1.51:1 in Bayur on October 2017. The LWRs for males and females crayfish were W = 0.053L2.56 and W = 0.058L2.54 (Bayur, Feb 2017), W = 0.029L2.86 and W = 0.100L2.31 (Sigiran, February 2017) and W = 0.078L2.51 and 0.071L2.49 (Bayur, October 2017). There was no significant difference between length and weight of males and females from all stations at all periods. Similarly, carapace length and carapace width of males and females of crayfish were not significantly different from all sampling locations at all periods. However, at the same carapace length, male crayfish had longer chelae than female at all locations. Address: Agoes Soegianto, Airlangga University in Surabaya, Kampus C, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, phone: 62 31 593 6501, e-mail: [email protected] 370 Lora Purnamasari et al. MORFOMETRYCZNA CHARAKTERYSTYKA OBCEGO GATUNKU RAKA CHERAX QUADRICARINATUS Z JEZIORA MANINJAU (SUMATRA ZACHODNIA, INDONEZJA) Lora Purnamasari1, Ria Kasmeri1, Muhammad Hilman Fu’adil Amin2, Agoes Soegianto2 1 Program studiów w zakresie edukacji biologicznej, STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat (Kolegium Nauczycielskie), Padang, Sumatra Zachodnia, Indonezja 2 Katedra Biologii Uniwersytet Airlangga, Surabaja, Wschodnia Jawa, Indonezja S ł o w a k l u c z o w e: rak czerwonoszczypcowy, wzrost, dymorfizm płciowy, stosunek płci. Abstrakt Celem badania było ustalenie zależności między: długością a ciężarem (LWR), karapaksem a długością oraz dymorfizmem płciowym i kondycją (K) u Cherax quadricarinatus z jeziora Ma- ninjau w Sumatrze Zachodnioindyjskiej. Stosunek płci (samiec: samica) zbliżony do 1: 1 obserwo- wano w Bayur i Sigiran w lutym 2017 r. oraz 1,51: 1 w Bayur w październiku 2017 r. LWR dla samców i samic raków wynosiły: W = 0,053L2,56 i W = 0,058L2,54 (Bayur, luty 2017), W = 0,029L2.86 i W = 0,100L2,31 (Sigiran, luty 2017) i W = 0,078L2,51 i 0,071L2,49 (Bayur, paź- dziernik 2017). We wszystkich okresach nie było istotnej różnicy między długością i masą sam- ców i samic ze wszystkich stanowisk. Podobnie długość pancerza i szerokość karapaksu u samców i samic raków nie różniły się znacząco we wszystkich miejscach pobierania próbek we wszystkich okresach. W każdej lokalizacji jednak raki płci męskiej, mające taką samą długość pancerza co samice, były dłuższe niż samice. Introduction The Australian redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus, VON MAR- TENS 1868) is native to the northern Australia and southeastern Papua New Guinea and inhabits a diversity of freshwater habitats including still ponds, small creeks, isolated rock pools, lakes and fast flowing rivers (LAWRENCE and JONES 2002, COUGHRAN and LECKIE 2007). Redclaw cray- fish is tolerant of a wide range of temperature, low dissolved oxygen con- centrations, have a simple reproductive cycle and fast growth rates (COUGHRAN and LECKIE 2007, AHYONG and YEO 2007). Due to its advanta- ges, redclaw crayfish is currently one of the most important commercially farmed freshwater crayfish in the world B( ORTOLINI et al. 2007). This spe- cies has been successfully cultured in some tropical and subtropical coun- tries: New Caledonia, Africa, China, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, Israel, Morphometric Characteristics of Alien Crayfish Cherax Quadricarinatus... 371 Italy, United States, Mexico, the Caribbean, Puerto Rico, Ecuador, and Argentina (AHYONG and YEO 2007). The redclaw crayfish is a highly invasive species, when it escapes from captivity. Wild populations of redclaw crayfish have been reported from Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Singapore, and South Africa (AHYONG and YEO 2007), Slovenia (JAKLIC and VREZEC 2011), and Israel (SNOVSKY and GALIL 2011). The redclaw crayfish was introduced to Indonesia in the early 2003 and then become an economically important species with high market (EDGERTON 2005). Increasing demand for redclaw for food and ornamental purpose led to an increase in the cultivation of this species by semi-intensive farms and small aquaculture farmers. Unfortunately, the interest in this crayfish by small aquaculture farmers led to a poorly planned and inadequ- ately managed transfer of crayfish to other ponds. The poor management of the ponds favored the escape of redclaw crayfish into rivers, water chan- nels and lakes. Recently, this crayfish had established feral population in Cilala and Lido Lakes, West Java (PATOKA et al. 2016), and in Rawape- ning Lake, Central Java, Indonesia (KURNIAWAN and SAPUTRA 2016). There is no exact information when this crayfish was introduced into Lake Maninjau, Sumatera Island Indonesia. However DINA et al. (2013) have conducted the preliminary study of the occurrence of freshwater crayfish in Maninjau Lake, and it was identified belong the species ofChe - rax quadricarinatus, with 1.8–7.5 cm total length. Recently (during our pre-survey), according to local fishermen from Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia who traditionally caught the native prawns and fish, redclaw crayfish were trapped sporadically in the past few years. There- fore, we conducted the study to evaluate some aspects of the biology of redclaw crayfish and to examine differences in the biometric parameters of this population. Materials and Methods Males and females of redclaw crayfish were taken from Maninjau Lake, located at West Sumatra Indonesia (Figure 1). Specimens were col- lected in February and October 2017 from two sampling loca- tions: Bayur (0°15’53.27”S, 100°12’44.19”E) and Sigiran (0°20’15.24”S, 100° 9’54.09”E). Sigiran represents the west coast of the lake characteri- zed by a large rocky substrate with depths ranged from 1 to 3 m. Bayur represents the east coast with small rocky and sandy substrate and depths between 1 and 3 m. 372 Lora Purnamasari et al. Fig. 1. Sampling location of Cherax quadricarinatus in Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia Sampling of crayfish was conducted using five baited traps, the method usually used by local fishermen. The traps were baited with meat of fish, coconut and pellet-shape fish food and installed during one night (13–14 hours). According to PRICE and WELCH (2009) for most abundant crayfish species and a habitat generalist, there were no significant differences among the effectiveness of four sampling methods (electrofishing, dip net, traps and seine net). NUNES et al. (2017) also used traps to evaluate the sex ratio of redclaw crayfish in different water bodies (main rivers, tribu- taries, pans, wetlands and dams) of South Africa and Swaziland. All col- lected crayfish were placed in clean plastic buckets and transported to the laboratory for analysis. The morphological identification followed HOL- THUIS (1949) and SOUTY-GROSSET et al. (2006). The crayfish were placed on filter paper for several minutes to remove excess water, then weighed to the nearest 0.1 g. Total length (L, from the tip of the rostrum to the tip of telson), carapace length (CL, from the tip of the rostrum to the posterior median edge of the cephalothorax), carapace width (CW), chelae length (ChL, tip of propodus to carpal joint), and chelae width (ChW, greatest Morphometric Characteristics of Alien Crayfish Cherax Quadricarinatus... 373 palm width) were measured to the nearest 0.1 cm. Only individuals with the complete chelipeds, full complement of walking legs and no visible body deformations were used to determine the length – weight relation- ships. Individuals were separated by sex, and ovigerous female crayfish were noted, but were not included in morphometric analysis. To evaluate differences in the sex ration, a chi-squared [χ2] test was used for the entire sample. The length-weight relationships (LWRs) were calculated using the equation W = aLb, where W is the total weight of the crayfish [g],L is the total length [cm], a is the intercept, and b is the slope (RICKER 1975). The parameters a and b were estimated by linear regres- sion of the transformed equation: log W = log a + b log L. The determina- tion coefficient (r2) was used as an indicator of the quality of the linear regression. The slope (b) is used to describe the growth type of crayfish: for b = 3 growth is isometric, for b < 3 is negatively allometric and for b > 3 is positively allometric (ZAR 1999). The relationships between between CL and ChL for each sex were also determined using regression analysis. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the L-W regres- sions between males and females for significant difference. Difference between L, W, ChL, ChW, CL and CW values of females and males was tested using the student’s t-test (ZAR, 1999). The Fulton’s condition factor (K) was calculated using the equation K = 100(W L-3) (RICKER 1975), where W is the total weight of the crayfish [g] and L is the total length [cm]. K values of crayfish were determined separately according to the total length of female and male individuals. Difference between K values of females and males was tested using the student’s t-test (ZAR 1999). During the collection of crayfish, water quality parameters of habitat such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen were 27.5–28oC, 7.2–7.4, and 2.95–4.90 mg L-1 for Bayur, and 28–30o C, 7.4–7.6, and 5.95–6.6 mg L-1 for Sigiran.
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