The Natural History of Dogs : Canidae Or Genus Canis of Authors
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HARVARD UNIVERSITY. LIBRARY OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY S30Z Bequest of WALTER FAXON . */£ru/^ O , P L MAY S6 1921 Smith, Lieut. -Col. Charles Hamilton, K.H., b. about 1790, entered the army 1807, became Licut.-Col. 1830; retired many years since, on half-p^. 1. In- troduction to the Mammalia, new ed., Edin., 184:3, 12mo. }rfn^ See No. 3. 2. Natural History of Dogs, &c., new ed., 1843, 2 vols. 12mo. See No. 3. 3. Natural History of Horses, 1813, 12mo. Nos. 1, 2, 3, are vols, i., iv., v., xii. of the Naturalist's Library, (see Jardine, Sir Wil- liam, No. 3.) 4. Natural History of the Human Species, \^« 1848, '52, 12mo ; with Introduc. by Samuel Kneeland, Jr., M.D., Bost., 1851, 12mo. See Lon. Quar. Rev., Ixxxvi. 1 ; Internat. Mag., v. 276 ; Bibl. Rep. and P. R., \\"\0. xxxi. 115. Col. S. is the author of a paper on the Ante- lope, &c., in Trans. Linn. Soc, vol. xiii., and of the art. War (revised by Maj.-Gen. J. E. Portlock) in Eneyc. Brit, 8th edit., xxi., (1860.) See Meyrick, Sir Samuel Rush, No. 2. ;; LIST OF VOLUMES OF THE NATURALIST'S LIBRARY, IN THE ORDER IN WHICH THEY WERE PUBLISHED. I. HUMMING-BIRDS, Thirty-six Coloured Plates; with Portrait and Memoir of Linn^us. XL MONKEYS, Thii-ty-two Coloured Plates ; with Por- trait and Memoir of Buffon. in. HUMMING-BIRDS, Thirty-two Coloured Plates; with Portrait and Memoir of Pennant. IV. LIONS, TIGERS, &c.. Thirty-eight Coloured Plates with Portrait and Memoir of Cuvier. V. PEACOCKS, PHEASANTS, TURKEYS, &c., Tiiirty Coloured Plate' , with Portrait and Memoir of Aristotle. VI. BIRDS OF THE GAME KIND, Thirty-two Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. VII. FISHES OF THE PERCH GENUS, &c., Thirty-two Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Sir Joseph Banks. VIII. COLEOPTEROUS INSECTS, (Beetles,) Thirty-two Colom'ed Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Rav. IX. COLUMBIDiE, (Pigeons,) Thirty-two Coloured Plates; with Portrait and Memoir of Pliny. X. BRITISH DIURNAL LEPIDOPTERA, (Butterflies.) Thirty-six Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Werner. XI. RUMINATING ANIMALS; containing Deer, Ante- lopes, Camels, &c., TJiirty-five Coloured Plates with Portrait and Memoir of Camper. XII. RUMINATING ANIMALS; containing Goats, Sheep, Wild and Domestic Cattle, &c. Sec, Tln'rty-three Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of John Hunter. ; 11 LIST OF V0LU5IES. XIIT. PACHIDERMATA, or Thick-Skinned Quadrupeds consisting of Elephants, Rhinoceroses, Tapirs, &c. &c., on Thirty-one Coloured Plates ; with Por- trait and Memoir of Sir Hans Sloane. XIV. BRITISH NOCTURNAL LEPlDOPTERA,(Moths, Sphinxes, &c.,) Thirty-two Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Madam Merian. XV. PARROTS, Thirty-two Coloured Plates ; with Por- trait and Memoir of Bewick. XVI. WHALES, Thirty-two Coloured Plates; with Por- trait and Memoir of Lacepede. XVII. BIRDS OF WESTERN AFRICA, Thirty-four Co- loured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Rruce. XVIII. FOREIGN BUTTERFLIES, Thirty-three Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Lamarck. XIX. BIRDS OF WESTERN AFRICA, Vol. II., Thirty- four Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Le Vaillant. XX. BIRDS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, Thirty-six Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Me- moir of Sir Robert Sibbald. XXI. FLYCATCHERS ; their Natural Arrangement and Relations, Thirty-three Coloured Plates •, with Por- trait and Memoir of Baron Haller. XXIL A HISTORY OF BRITISH QUADRUPEDS, Thirty-six Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Ulysses Aldrovandi. XXIII. AMPHIBIOUS CARNIVORA ; including the Wal- rus and Seals, and the Herbivorus Cetacea, Mermaids, &c.. Thirty-three Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Memoir of Francois Peron. XXIV. BIRDS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, Thirty-two Coloured Plates ; with Portrait and Me- moir of William Smellie. XXV. DOGS, Thirty-three Coloured Plate* ; with Portrait and jSIemoir of Pallas. THE NATURALIST'S LIBRARY. IFAlLILAg Infravcdfo?-theJ\/'ahir,ihst'sLtb7^ari/ THE MATOMAlLIif ^i ]iLIBItAM¥» AMMAILUA ^(S)1L. -IS. ^/t\ -^f -Tie Do^s of M' S* Bernard EDlNliUKGH: WHLIZAUS. LONDON SAMTEL HIOHLEY o2 FLKKT STREET DTTJLIN.WCrRRT JFNKS: C" THE NATURALIST'S LIBRARY. ' CONDUCTED. BYI i SIR WILLIAM JARDINE, BART. F.R.S.E., F.L.S., &C. &C. MAMMALIA. VOL. IX. DOGS. CANID^ OR GENUS CANIS OF AUTHORS. INCLUDING ALSO THE GENERA HY^NA AND PROTELES. BY LIEUT.-COL. CHAS. HAMILTON SMITH, R. H. AND K. W., F. R. AND L. S., PRESIDENT OP THE DEVON AND CORNWALL NAT. HIST. SOCIETY, &C. «&C. EDINBURGH: W. H. LIZARS, 3, ST. JAMES' SQUARE, S. HIGHLEY, 32, FLEET STREET, LONDON; AND W. CURRY, JUN. AND CO. DUBLIN. 1839. UAJ EDINBURGH: PRINTED BY W. H. LIZARS. 3, ST. JAMES' SQUARE. : ; THE NATURAL HISTORY OF DOGS. CANIDiE OR GENUS CANIS OF AUTHORS. INCLUDING ALSO THE GENERA HYiENA AND PROTELES. BY LIEUT. -COL. CHAS. HAMILTON SMITH, R.H. AND K.W., F. R. AND L.S., PRESIDENT OF THE DEVON AND CORNWALL NAT. HIST. SOCIETY, &C. &C. VOL. I. ILLUSTRATED BY THIRTY-THREE COLOURED PLATES, WITH PORTRAIT AND MEMOIR OF PALLAS. EDINBURGH W. H. LIZARS, 3, ST. JAMES' SQUARE S. HIGHLEY, 32, FLEET STREET, LONDON ; AND W. CURRY, J UN. AND CO. DUBLIN. 1839. ADVERTISEMENT FROM THE PUBLISHER. "We have much satisfaction in fulfilling the assur- ance, given in our last advertisement, that many volumes were in an advanced state of progress, and would follow each other in as rapid succession as attention to the execution of the various depart- ments would allow ; and we have now the pleasure to present to our friends and the Public the first portion of the Natural History of the Dog, written by Colonel C. Hamilt )N Smith, a well- known and talented Zoologist, and one whom we may in future hope to rank as an able coadjutor in our Vv'ork. This part contains the description of the principal wild races, allied to, and from which it is supposed most of our domestic breeds of Dogs have sprung ; while the second part, com- pleting their history, and illustrating all those ani- mals which have been cultivated from them for the use or amusement of man, is so far advanced, that X ADVERTISEMENT. we are enabled confidently to promise it within the usual time. The Volume which will succeed those above mentioned, and which we hope to publish before Christmas, will be that devoted to the " Natural History of Bees" in which the extraordinary in- stincts of the Honey Bee will form the chief object. The economical management will, however, also be treated of; and a sketch of the history of the foreign forms which are allied to this interesting group of insects, will be added. These will form the subjects which will occupy the volumes to be given within the present year; and it will be seen that tlie support which the Public has so liberally afforded to the " Library," has enabled us to receive assistance from Naturalists who bear a high rank in their respective walks of science. The names of Selby, Swainson, Hamilton Smith, Hamilton, Dunbar, Duncan, and Mac- GiLLiVRAY, already stand as our co-operators, and the volumes for the coming year promise to increase our list with many able companions. 3, St. James' Square^ 1839. CONTENTS OP THE FIRST VOLUME. PAGE Memoir of Pallas .... 17 Chronological List of some of his Works 72 Introduction .... 77 The Canine Family in general 111 The Diurnal Canidse .... 1-28 Sub-genus I. Chaon.—Section I. Lupus. The Wolves 129 The Common Wolf. Lupus vulgaris. Plate L . 148 The Black Wolf. Lupus lycaon. Plate IL . 150 The American Wolves 154 The Dusky Wolf. Lupus nuhilus. Plate III. 157 Wolf of Southern States, North America Lupus Mexicanus. Plate IV. 158 Section II. Lyciscus.—The Lyciscan Dogs 160 North American Prairie Wolf. Lyciscus latrans. Plate V. 162 Xll CONTENTS. The Caygotte of Mexico. CONTENTS. Xlll The Kokree. page Cynalopex kokree . , , . ,226 Fulvous-tailed Dog-Fox. Cynalopex chrysurus .... 227 The Pale Dog-Fox. Cynalopex pallidus. Plate XVII. 228 The Isatis. Cynalopex insectivorus , . 229 The Turkish Dog-Fox. Cynalopex Turdcus. Plate XVIIT. .231 Section VII. Megalotis.—The Fennecs or Zerdas . 233 The Anubis Zerda. Megalotis famelicus .... 235 Caama Fennec. Megalotis caama. Plate XIX. 236 Fennec of Bruce. Megalotis zerda. Plate XX. .237 Section VIII. Clirysocyon.—The Aguara Wolves . 241 The Maned Aguara. Chrysocyon jubatus. Plate XXI. ' . 242 Section IX. Dusieyon.—The Aguara Dogs . 248 Hoary Aguara Dog. Dusieyon canescens. Plate XXII. 250 Falkland Island Aguara Dog. Dtisicyon Antarticus. Plate XXIII. 252 Aguara Dog of the Woods. Dusieyon sylvestris. Plate XXIV. 254 The Crabodage, or Surinam Aguara Dog. Dusieyon sylvestris. Plate XXV. 256 Dun-footed Aguara Dog. [j Dusieyon fulvipes. Plate XXVI. 257 Section X. Cerdocyon.—The Aguara Foxes . 259 White-barred Aguara Fox. Cerdocyon mesoleucus. Plate XXVII. 260 Guaraxa Aguara Fox. Cerdocyon guaraxa, Plate XXVIII. • 262 XIV CONTENTS. Crabodago Aguara Fox. page Cerdocyon Azaras. Plate XXIX. 264 Magellanic Aguara Fox. Cerdocyon Magellanicus. Plate XXX. 266 Skulls of Hyana, Fox, and Newfoundland Dog, Plate XXXI. Portrait of Pallas ..... 2 Vignette Title-page ..... 3 In all Thirty-three Plates in this Volume. MEMOIR OF PALLAS. ; MEMOIR OF PALLAS. Juvat integros accedere fontes Atque haurire, juvatque novos decerpere flores. Lticret* de Nat. Her. bib. iv. Pallas, the illustrious subject of the following Memoir, was probably the most eminent scientific Naturalist whose name adorns the latter half of the eighteenth century. His discoveries, in almost every department of Natural History, are perhaps more frequently quoted than those of any other author and hence the interest that is very generally and naturally felt respecting the particulars of his life and history. No detailed and regTilar account, how- ever, so far as we know, has hitherto enriched the annals of biography ; and though the work might be difficult, we cannot entertain a doubt that its accom- plishment would amply repay the best exertions of any one competent to the task.