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APPLIED STUDY OF MODERN POLLEN

Zhang J in tan Wang Pingli Hao Haipiog Chen Songpo

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1990 4 g m ^f*: 787xlo92 1/16 1990 4 StR— 8 001—850 219 000

ISBN 7-03-001520-7/Q . 218 22.90 ^ 400 80 , ( , ,

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1988 8 1

1

2

2 23: 26: 26: 27 27

35

37 = 52: 52

( 58 ' 62 92 98 99 100 131 135

I (140

/ G

230 3 10

10 113 29 24 2

P^ fl r/;c) (Cfl

1955) 7 22

G. Erdtman(l965) 9 120 , ( 9 61

59 — 160

(1) - &""0 ^"'") C fl Mflyfl) (Pseu

) ) 3 — 6 34) 2 ) — 3 3 2) 1

1) , 2500

(2)

(3)

1*

2.

3.

2 4 . 110 — 3 5. m« 5. , /»«««/ /«„'x 4 3 . , 110 , — 8 6.

6. Krte/een'o

3. 7. , 110 A'cea 7. 110

8. Cedru*

8. "thayo

2. T'uga

1. S l^rix

r-\ c

// 1 // 1 V 1 b / Id b

I 1 1 // A 1 \ JJ v//

c e

1 * b c a-» d. —b. e—e. , c.

1* Pinus Linn.

80 2

22 10 24

59 — 107.5 3 1 — 76 42 — 79 3 — 51 2 36— 74 — 3

, c

2

a b. Pinus densi flora Sieb et Zuce., c d. Pin us densata Mast., e li. Pinus taiwanensis H ayata

(1) Z^niis armandi Franch. ( 1,1—2) 94(81 — 105) 60(58 — 76) 64(53 — 71) 37(30 — 41) 55— 74) 2 — 2.5

35 1000— 3300 8070,11164 (2) /^'ntw banksiana Lamb. ( 1,3—5) 65(62.5 — 70) 37.5(30 — 42.5) 45(40 — 47.5) 32.5(25 — 35)

2 40(37.5 — 42.5) — 3 — 33 — 5

25

11159 (3) f»fmj« bungeana Zucc. ex Endl. ( 1,6—8) 78(68 — 83) 4 3(39 — 57) 51(40 — 59) 29(23 — 39) 2 39(36 — 56) — 3

30 500 — 1800 8073 (4) Pirms densata Mast. ( 1,9) 90(81 — 104) 51(44 — 60)

65 3 — 69 ) 9 ( 28 — 51)

51(46— 62) 2 — 3 ,

30 2600 — 3500 8075, 10974 (5) Pi densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. ( 1,10; 2 1—8; 36,1) 75(68 — 83) 46( 4 2 — 2 )

44(42 5 6) 4 ( 2 7 42 ) 2 40(36— 46) — 3

30 920

8076,1097511147111731117411175 11223,11229 6 — —

(6) Ffmw elliottii Engelm. ( 3 1—2) 87.5(72.5 — 92.5) 47.5(40 — 52.5) 57.5(45 — 60) 40(32.5 — 42.5)

3 4 45(37.5 — 52.5) .

" ,

30

11116 (7) Pi henryi Mast. ( 3,3—6) 66(59 — 78) 39(31 — 48) 51(42 — 55) 29(23— 36) 2— 44(36— 48) , 3 , 20 1150 2000 8079 (8) Pirms ikedai Yamamoto ( 3,7—10) 81(71 — 94) 53(44— 60) , 60(5 3 — 4 ) 37(3 2 — 4 1)

53(44 — 64) 2.5 — 3 ,

30 50 — 1200

8080 (9) Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. ( 4 1—6) 92(69— 104) 58(53 — 67) 69(53 — 76) 41(30 — 46)

55(51 — 62) 2.5 — 3 ) ) — —

,

50 150 1S00 8083,10976,11230 (10) ( Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gord. var. langbianensis (A. Chev.) Gaussen ( 5 1—3) 83(67 — 97) 51(44 — 60) 60(51 — 83) 39(30 — 46)

60(51 — 62) 2.5 — 3 ,

30 700-1200 8084 (11) Pinus massoniana Lamb. ( 5 4—7;36,2— 5) 83(69 — 90) 46(41 — 53) 60(46— 62) 32( 3 — 39)

46(39— 51) 2.5 — 3

45 700 1100 — 1200 1500 8086,11127111411114310977 (12) ( Pinus nigra Arn. var. poiretiana(Ant.) Schneid. ( 5,8—9) 82.5(72.5 — 95) 52.5(45 — 55) 50(47.5 — 70) 37.5 (35 — 45) 52.5(45 — 65) 2 3

50 6 —

11223 (13) Firms palustris Mill. ( 6,1—2) 67.5(62.5— 72.5) 37.5(35— 42.5)

47.5(42.5 — 50) 27.5( 2 5 3 0) 3 45(42.5 — 47.5) — 4

45

11146 (14) Pi pinaster Ait. (6 3—4) 102.5(95 — 107.5) 60(55 — 65) 67. 5(62.5 — 75) 40(35 — 47.5)

57. 5(52.5 — 62.5) 2 — 3 ,

30 11133 5— (15) iVms pumila (Pall.) Regel ( 6, 8) 101(81 — 105) 64(53 — 76)

2 ( 5 — 73 ) 41(30 — 48)

62 (55 — 67) 2 — 2.5

3 — 6 1200 1000 1200 1800

8089 (16) Pinua rigida Mill. ( 71 5) 92.5 (85 — 100) 60 (55 — 65) 57.5 (52.5 — 60) 45 (40 — 50)

60 (47.5—62.5) 3— 4 — >

25

11225 11226 (17) fVmw sibirica (Loud.) Mayr ( 7 6—9; 36, 6—9) 83 (71 — 97) 53 (48 — 60) 53 (48 — 64) 37 (28 — 44)

53 (46— 58) 2 — 2.5

35 1600— 2350

8092 (18) Z^'mw strobus linn. ( 8 1—4) 85 (82.5 — 90) 52.5 (50 — 57.5)

.5 6 5 ( 62 . 5 — S7.5) 37.5 (3 2 42 .5) 2 55 (52.5 — 60) — 3

, 30 — 50

11221 , 11228 (19) Pfmis sylvestris Linn. ( 8 5 — 9) 85 (60 — 87) 53 (44 — 6Q) 62 ( 44 —6 37 05—41) 51 (44 — 60) 2.5 — 3

40 , 8093 11145, 11231

• 8 • 5 3

(20) Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. ( 9, 1—8) — 7 8 (69 — 83) 3 9 46 ) 51 (46— 55) 32 (30 — 37) 44 (41 48) 2.5_3 ,

25 100— 2 600 8095, 11165, 11227, 11232

(21) Pi taeda Linn. ( 10, 1—3) 87.5 (82.5— 95) 57.5 (50 — 60) 55 (52.5— 62.5) 37.5 (35— 415)

55 (45 — 65) 2— 3 ,

30

11134 (22) Pinus taiwanensis Hayata ( 10 4—8) 81 — 101) 48 (44 — 53) 64 (55 — 67) 41 (35 — 44)

48 (46— 53) 2.5 — 3

30 750 — 2800 600 — 1800 8098 11160, 11166 2 h (23) Fi'mw thunbergii Pari. ( 11 1—6) — — 76 ( 69 83 ) , 5 1( 39 5 1) 51 ( 5 ) 7 ( 3 — 39) 4 6 (3 9 — 5 1) 2 — 2 .5 ,

30

8099 10978 , 11142, 11161 (24) Pinus yunnanert8i8 Franch. ( 11, 7 10) 85 (76— 94) 53 (46— 62) 60 (51 — 67) 37 (32— 37) 2— 55 (48 — 64) , 2.5

. ,

30 600 3100 8100

2. Abies Mill.

50

19 3 13 105 — 156 55 — 96 90 — 1U.5 30 — 70

60 — 105 3 — 8 (15)

10 • — ) • 6— 9

5 4 — 6

(1) i46fes delavayi Franch. ( 12 1—3) 120 (106— 140) 80 (70 — 90)

100 (90 — 106) 2 (55 — 70) 82 (75 — 90) 5 — 7.5

25 3300 — 4000

8010 (2) ( Abies ernestii Rehd. var. salouenensis ( Borderes- Rey et Gaussen) Cheng et L. K. Fu ( 12, 4—5) 13 5 (1 25 — lM) 87 ( 75 — 5 ) 100 (90 — 110) 50 (40 — 60) 5 75 (50 — 90) — 6

60 2 600— 3 2 00 10950

1 — (3) A6fes fabri (Mast.) Craib ( 13 2) 120 (110 — 140) 62 (55 — 70) 88 (80 — 100) 50 (40 — 60)

75 (65 — 80) 5 — 6

40

10951 (4) Abies fargesii Franch. ( 13 3—4) 135 (120 — 150) 88 (80 — 95)

9 (75 9 5) 75 (65 — 85) 88 (80 — 3 4 l

40 1500 — 3700 10952

lg et 1 — (5) Abies faxoniana Rehd. Wils. ( 14 2) 25 (II 5 — 140) 75 (60— 85) 100 (90 — 110) 45 (40 — 60) 6 75 (65 — 80) — 8

40 , 2700 — 3900

10953 (6) Abies fereana Borderes-Rey et Gaussen ( 14 3—4) 145 (130 — 155) 80 (70— 90) 105 (90 — 110) 50 (45— 55)

10Q (90 — 105) 5 — 6

- -

20 3300 — 3800

10954 (7) Abies firma Sieb. et Zucc. ( 15 1—2) 125 (120 — 140) 80 (75— 90) 88 (80 — 94) 55 (48 — 60) 5 85 (78 — 90) — 6

5 — 6 50 , 2300 — 3000 11162 (8) Abies forrestii C. C. Rogers ( 15, 3—4) 115 (105 — 130) 64 (55 — 80)

• 12 • ) —

100 (90 — 110) 35 (30 — 45)

75 (60— 85) 5 — 6

4 20 2500-3400 10955 (9) ( Abies georgei var. smithii (Viguie et Gaussen) Cheng et L. K. Fu ( 16 1 — 2) 125 (110 — 140) 75 (60 — 85)

100 ( 9 — 110) 50 ( 4 — 55 )

100 (85 — 105) 4 5

4 30 25 00 — 4000

10956 (10) A6i'es nephrolepis Maxim. ( 16 3—4) 112.5 (110 — 117.5) 75 (65 — 80) 82.5 (80 — 85) 50 (40 — 55)

80 (72.5 — 87.5) 5

4 30 300 1800 1700 — 2100

11182 (11) Abies nukiangensis Cheng et L. K. Fu ( 17 1—2) 127.5 (120 — 144) 59 (54 — 71) 101 (92.5 — 112.5) 50 (45— 61)

75 (70 — 82.5) 10 (8.75 — 15)

4

2 2 500 — WOO

8017

- 13 - 5

(12) AWes squamata Mast. ( 17 3—4) 130 (110 — BO) 75 ( 7 — SO) 97.5 (80 — 112.5) 50 (45 — 52.5) 4 77.5 (67. 5 — 90) 5

47 . 5 ( 4 5 — 5 0) . 4 40 3500 — 4000

11183 (13) Abies recurvata Mast. ( 18 1—4) 140 (119— 156) 81 (65— 96)

97.5 ( 82 .5 — 110) 65 (5 2 .5 — 70)

77.5 (67.5 — 87. 5) 6.25 — 7. 5

5 — 6

40 . 2300 — 3600 8020

3. Pscudolarix Gord.

1

(1) Pseudolarix amabilis (Nelson) Rehd. ( 19 1—7) 92 .5 ( 100) 2 .5 (50 — 57.5) 62.5 (60 — 67.5) 37.5 (32.5 — 42.5)

52.5 (50 — 55) 2.5

4 Pseudolarix amabilis Rehd. a. (Nelson) , b. , c. ,

• 14 • 40 : 100 — 1500 11119 11150, 11151

4. Keteleeria Carr.

11 2

1

(1) Keteleeria evetyniana Mast. ( 20 1—4; 32, 1—4; 39, 3) 158 (132 — 160) 85 (80 — 100) 103 (87.5 — 107.5) 70 (60 — 79)

97.5 — (85 109) 3.5 '

40 700 — 2600 .

8025

a b c

5

Keteleeria et/elyniana Mast. a. b. c.

5. Picea Dietr.

40 16 9 2 : 12 110 — 160 65 — 115 6 — 108 50 — 75 2 65 — 105 — 5

15 • i

23 4 )

6 Pi"a purpurea Mast. a. b. , c. Picea — (1) aurantiaca Mast. ( 21,1 2) 120(105 — 138) 74(65 — 90) 83(80 — 96) 59(49 — 62) 3 75(65 — 87) , — 4

.

20 2600 — 3600

8033

(2) Picea brachytyla (Franch.) Pritz. var. complanata (Mast.) Cheng ex Rehd. ( 213— 4) 121(113 — 130) 83(70 — 88) 101(88 — 105) 49(42 — 62)

70(65 — 4 5 , 86)

30 2000 3800 8035,10965 (3) Picea crassifolia Kom. ( 22,1 — 2) 129(120 — 139) 74(65 — 95) 91(86 — 108) 52(51 — 66) 3 72(64 — 79) — 4

- 16 - —8

23 1600 — 3800 8036 (4) jezoensis Carr. ( 23, 1—2) 130(120 — 140) 5 (80 — 95) 80(75— 85) 55(50— 60) 60(55 — 65) , 3 4

20 — 50

11249112 3 41096 6

(5) Picea koraiensis Nakai 127(111— 137) 78(65 — S6) 82(78— 94) 52(44 — 61)

73(62— 74) 2— 3

30 400 — 1800 8037 11235 (6) ' Picea likiangensis (Franch.) Pritz. ( 23 3—4) 111(101 — 133) 72(56 — 82) 88(81 — 105) 46(39— 53) 4 66(51 — 69) , 5

50 2500 — 3800

8038 (7) A'ceor meyeri Rehd. et Wils. ( 24, 1 — 2) 120(110 — 130) 80(65 — 90) 65(60 — 70) 55(50 — 60)

70( 65 — 75) 4— 5

• 17 - 30 1600 — 2700

10967 (8) Picea ovovata Ledeb. ( 24 3—4) 135(120— 145) 90(80 — 100) .. 87(80— 95) 55(50 — 60) 4 75(70— 80) 5 ' 35 1200— 1800

10968 (9) Pi'ceor purpurea Ma*t. ( 25 1-4) 132(125 — 140) 85(80— 100) 90(80 — 100) 58(50 — 65)

80(70— 90) 3 — 5

50 ill 2600— 3800 1U79, 10969 (10) Picea spinulosa (Griff.) Henry ( 26 1—4) 120(110 — 135) 65(60 — 73) 85(80 — 90) 55(50 — 60) 4 70(65 — 75) 5

60 2900 — 3600

10971 10969

(11) Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica (Rupr. ) Cheng et

1 — S. H. Fu ( 27 2; 33, 1—5; 37, 3—6) 145(135 — 160) 110(85 — 115) 90(85 — 95) 65(60 — 75)

• 18 • 75(70 — 105) 4 5

35 — 40 UOO— 3(00

10970 (12) Picea wilsonii Mast. ( 27 3 — 4) 133(119 — 146) 79 (70 — 91(82 — 101) 55(52 — 65)

69(66 — 75) 4 5 ( — 9)

50 1400—2800 8069, 10973, 10972

6. Cathaya Chun et Kuang

1

et 5 — — (1) Catfiaya argyrophylla Chun Kuang ( 2S 9; 35,1 2; 37, 1—2) 65(60 — 80) 42(4U — 45) 45(40— 60) ^ 25(22 — 28) 38(35 — 50) 2 -

20 1400 1600 — 1800

7. Cedrus Trew

4 1

1

Cedriw deodara (Roxb.) 1 — 1 — (1) G. Don( 28 1—4; 34, 3; 38 1

o 90(85 — 105) 57.5(52.5 — 62.5) 62.5(57.5 — 65) 37.5(35 — 42.5) 60(55 — 65) 5 — 6 :

50 1300 — 3300

11122

7 Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don

a. b. c. ,

8. Tsuga Carr.

14 5 3

2

4 5 — 65) X (80 — 1H. 5 ) 2 .5— 17.5 3 — 4

(1) Tsttg" chinensis (Franch.) Pritz. ( 29,1— 5; 39 1—2) 50— 65)52.5 X 100(82.5 — 1 12.5) 3 12.5 — I 5 — 4

50

8 Tsugo chinensis (Franch.) Pritz. a. b. c. ,

20 - 1200—3200 8107, 11154, 10979 (2) T«igfflt yunanensis ( 29 6—8) 45— 61)47.5 X 82.5 (80 — 90) 15(12.5— 3 17.5) — 4 (X chinensis}

40 2300— 3500

8109

9. Larix Mill.

18 •

11 1

6

80— 125 2— 2.5

9

»— b. Larix potaninii Batal. a. b. c d. Larix gmelini (Rupr.) Rupr.

Lflri* sibirica Ledeb. e. ^ f. ,

• 21 • —

1 — (1) Larix potaninii Batal. ( 30, 2) 112(100— 125)

2 ,50 2500 — 4000 10962 (2) £aHj«r gmelini (Rupr.) Rupr. ( 30 3 )

100(90 — 110) 2 , 35 300 1200

10963 10957 (3) Lari'jc sibirica Ledeb. ( 30, 4) — 90 (85 105) 2.5 , 40 1000 — 3500

1Q964 (4) Larf* olgensis Henry ( 31,1; 39, 4—5)

87(80 — 100) 2 30 500 — 1800

10960 (5) Lflfrfjc kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. ( 31 3—4)

105(100 — 120) 2 , 30 10959 11190, 11189 (6) Larix griffithiana (Lindl. et Gord.) Hort. ex Carr. ( 312)

105(95 — 115) 2.5 20 3000 — 4100

10958

• 22 • , o

(1) G. Erdtman

1) Pin";

2) Ts"g frill),

3) Larix G. Erdtman

"(2) "() 1) Abietoideae:

2) Laricoideae: Pinoideae: 3) ()

cx

(3) G. Dubois Podocarpm— Pi""s— Cedrm "^ Abi" ~> Tsuga "> Larix "> Pseudotsugao ( — ~^ "> G. Dubois " ( " " —" "^— >— ^— > * — (4)

(fathaya Chun et Kuang) C. argyrophylla

Chun et Kuang) 1 J. Sivak I 972 ,

1976) 12 Pinus haploxylon type Pityosporit" microala- tus, Pityosporites alatus, Podocarpidites (Podocarpus)

• 23 • 4

' , ( 80 S5 110 ) :f

(5)

f 1 1955, II, 47 — , 4(1): 62 [2 , I960, , [3 Bharadwaj D. C. and Tiwari R. S., 1964, On two monosacate genera from Barakar Stage of India. Palaeobotanist 12: 139— 146.

[ Cain S. A. 1940, The identification of species in fossil pollen by size-frequency determinations. Amcr. J.

Bot. 27: 301—308.

[5 Van Campo, M. et Sivak, J. 1972, Structure alveelaire de Lectexine des pollens a ballonnets des Abie-

tacees. Pollen et Spores, Vol. x lv, No. 2. [6 Erdtman G. 1965, Morphology/ plant taxonomy, gymnospermae, bryophyta. Almqvist and Wiksell, Stock- holm.

[7 Florin R. 1963 The distribution of conifer aud taxad genera in time and space. Acta Horti Bergiani,

20 p. 121 312.

[8 Gullvag B. M., 1966, The fine structure of some Gymnosperm pollen walls. Grana Palyn. 6: 3. [9 Ho Rong Hui and Sziklai O., 1972, On the pollen morphology of Picea and Tsuga species. Grana 12: 31—40.

{10 J izba M. M. 1962 Late Paleozoic bisaccate pollen from the United States nsidcontinent area. J. Paleont. 36: 871—877. * [11 Millay M. A. Taylor Th. N. 1970, Studies of living and fossil saccate pollen grains. Micropaleon-

talogy, New York, 16, No. 4, p. 463 470.

[12 Reyre Y., 1968, La sculpture de L'exine des Pollens des Gymnospermes et des Chlamydospermes ct son

utilisation dans L'identification des pollens fossils. Pollen et Spores, vol. x, No. 2.

(13 Ting W. S., 1965 The saccate pollen grains of Pinaceae mainly of California. Grana Palyn. 6: 2. [14 Ting W. S. 1968, Fossil pollen grains of coniferales from early tertiary of Idoho, Nevada and Colorado

(1). Pollen et Spores, vol. x No. 3. {15 Ueno J. 1958, Some palynological observations of Pinaceae. J. Inst, polytech. Osaka Univ. D-9: 163 188.

[16 Ueno J., 1960a, On the fine structure of the cell walls of some Gymnosperm pollen. Biol. J. Nara

Women's Univ., 10, 19—25. bctweca 17 Ueno J. 1960 Studies on pollen grains of Gymnospermae, including remarks to the relationships coniferae. J. Inst. Polytech. Osaka Univ., D~ll: 109— 136.

* 24 • Vishnu-Mittre, 1957 Abnormal pollen grains in some Indian gymnosper with remarks on the signifi- cance of the abnormalities. J. Indian bot. Soc. 34: 548 563.

Yamazaki T. and Takeoka M., 1962 Electro-microscope investigations of the fine details of the pollen grain surface in japanes gymnosperms. Grana palyn. 3: 3— 12. Yamazaki T. and Takeoka M. 1959a, Electronmicroscope investigations on the pollen membrane, based on the carbon replica method, vl. Gymnospcrmae. 1. Sci. Rept. Kyoto Pref. Univ., Agr. 11: 86— 90.

25 • (Artemisia Linn.) (Compositae) (Trib. Anthemideae) .. Subtrib.Chrysamheminae) 200 380

,

500 — 1000 .

1) 2)

1) 2) 3) . 7 — — 8 8 9 .

78 9 , 78910 11 20

2 2129 2029 100 25%

16

20

- 26 • •

1) 2)

3)

1984) ) 1984)

selengensis) ( 32) ( lacti- //ora)

'

Wodehouse (1935), Erdtman

(1943, 1949, 1952, 1966 and 1971), Straka (1965) Ikuse (1956), Stix (1960),

Erdtman etc. (1961), Ehrendorfeh (1964), Skvarla and larson (1965), and Joski (1969), J. Praglowski (BH) 1983)

1.

^ ^ J. Praglowski (1971) A.

' 27 • £

integrifolia L. var. subulata (Nakai) Parap. and A. pontica L. L NPC-245, NPC- 345)

(A. lactiflora),

2 = 24.15 (23.96,24.34) ) = 24.15 (23.96, 24.34)

Erdtman (1969)

10 — 25) 25—50)

fl" m fl / fl ), .5 X 17.5

"W"^ fl ) 32.5 X 3 2 .5 10

^ ,

,

I IV, - ,VI

1)

2) ii

28 j. subulata) lagocephala),

deversa) ( 2.4 macrocephala) ( 3.2 austriaca) ( 4.0 U. japonica) ( 4.8

63*. deversa Z)/Wf.

71*. J. macrocephala Jacquem. ex Bess.:

1.5 56*. A austriaca Jacq.:

2 44*. A. japonica Thunb.: 2.5 , A integrifolia L.)

Erdtman

Sp0r0 poll en i n

John R. Rowley 1981) J. vulgaris Linn. —— tuffs) dSf^ 10)

• ()

• 29 • —— ^ ^ 10 a — c),

2)

10, d)

3) —— 10 e —0 4) ——-

10,h)

5) —— 10, 0 6) 50 , 100

A. frigida Willd. A. frigida Willd. var. atropurpurea Pamp.

17.5— 25.0)20.0 X 22.5(20.0 —27.5) (27.5—35.0)27.5 X

5 ^

m 1() vulgaris) M John. R. Rowley , 1981)

• 30 • 30.0(27.5-30.0) (

A. commutata Bess. /J A. commutata Bess. var. helmi ana Bess. 4.0 4.8

A. intramongolia H. C. Fu var. microphylla H. C. Fu.

2.

{Artemisia Linn.) (Elachanihemum Ling et Y. R. Ling), iSUlpnolepis Krasch.)> iAiama Poljak.), A!an j ops is Shih.) (Jitppolytia Poljak.), (JCaschgaria Poiiak.) (Ft"fo!i Kium.) (Neopallasia Pol]ak.)> (Xentipeda

Lour.) (^"phidtum Poljak.) 1 1 Trib. Anrhemideae) Submb. Chrysantheminae) ——

Gres. Ar te mi5 iae

[ J. J. Skvada ] 1

1) 2)

1 9 82)

11): Sect. Absinthium), ——

•(Sect. Abrotanum), S

CM 2 o U w I 00 1 ^ " 1 1 45,14—15, — N 1 1 v\ m oo 1 O0 1 ^- r^i 55,5—6 o\ 01 CNI oo ir\ in O NO m m •a- «n in 9'9S in

oo o

vo GO o o o m m

, ,

m

M•M

, ,

, , , •H m , , M-M E-H 5 5 4 — 4 4 3

,

,

Ling Poljak Krasch. Poljak. Poljak. Linn. Kitam.

Poljak. R. -2 sta ^ Elachanthemum Y.

oluim

Ajatiia Hippolytia et Kaschgaria Artcmi

Stilponlepis Seriphidium

Filif Ling

S ^ D« ^ ^ m

32 • I

Artemisia

11 Gres. Artemisiac

El. Elachanthemum Ling et Y. R. Ling St. Stilpnolepis Krasch. Aj. Ajania Poljak. Hi. Hippolytia Poljak. Ao. Ajaniopsis Shih. Ka. Kaschgaria Poljak. Fi. Filifolium Kitam. Ne. Neopallasia Poljak. Ce. Centipeda Lour. Se. Seriphidium Poljak. ,

(1) Sect. Absinthium)

23 9 7 I

II. Sect. Abrotanum)

31 12 1 III, 2 II I Sect. Artemisia) 50 16

II IV V I 3 1 1 11 Sect. Albibractea),

5 3 II, VI Sect. Viscidipubes) 9 I

Sect. Dracunculus), 32 6 1(5 IV (1 Sect. Latilobus), 17 5 I

I , 6 78.1 2 I ( %) II ( 14.06%) &

I III II IV

I IV II III

111) ( 1) 11) V VI

(2)

1 CSn7/m /e/^)

(Jlippolytia) Sect. Artemisia)

31) IV,

iWo/W/aWfl) Sn'M^^m),

I II (Filifo") (Elachc^h , ^Mwp"), III V QCaschgaria) , 12) (3) QElachanthemum) &7/^/^/.0

1978) 19 85 )

• 34 • V UI

Artemisia Linn

IV g III

-J

m I

s 1 Neopallasia

12

—

1.

17.5 — 37.5

14

2 :20.0 — 22.5) (20.0—25.0) (22.5-25.0) 22.5—27.5) 12.9% 11.4%18.6% 18.6%

( A. subulata

2.4—4.8

3 12 52 . 9 % 4.0 25. 9 %

^ 1) 2) 3) S -

• 35 • 2

Cn; )

1.17.5—20.0 5 7.1

2.17.5—22.5 5 7.1

3.17.5—25.0 2 2.9

4.20.0—22.5 9 12.9

5.20.0—25.0 8 11.4

6.20.0—27.5 2 2.9

7.22.5—25.0 13 18.6

8.22.5—27.5 13 18.6

9.22.5—30.0 2 2.9

10.25.0—27.5 2 2.9

11.25.0—30.0 7.1

12.27.5—30.0 1 1.4

13.27.5—32.5 2.9 2

14.30.0—37.5 1 l.t

70 100 -

3 n) )

2.4 2.9

3.2 37 52.9

4.0 18 25.7

4.8 11 15.7

3.2—4.0 2 2.9

70 100

2.

J. Praglowski (1971) Scandinavian) 2 5 ,

• J6 • 1 1

' ^^ , 78.13%

II I ( . 14.0 6 %

III I 1.56%

IV II

3.13% V , 1.56% VI 1.56% (

,E 0.05( t = 0.05) • P(P"P2 ) E(E x 2 )o Erdtman I , (1969)

1.

(1) A. scoparia Waldst. et Kit. (401—2;461— 2) 7 .5 (17.5-20.0) X 20.0 (17.5 —

20.0) P= 18.5(17.9,19.09),! = 19.6(19.20,20.05)

3.2

425628 30

Levi et Vant. 40,3—4 — (2) A feddei ( ;463 4) 20.0 (17.5— 22.5) X 22.5(20.0— 22.5) , P 20.4(19.80, 20.95), E = 21.6(21.05, 22.20) 3.2

10916 88 (3) A jacatica Drob. (40,5—6;465—6)

- i7 ' — ——

20.0(17.5 2 2.5) X 20.0 (20.0 —

22.5) P = 20.0(19.2420,76)Sp 21.3(20.65,21.85) p , 3.2 202042 72 (4) A. keiskeana Miq. (407—8;46,7—8) 20.0(17.5 — 22.5) X 22.5(20.0- 22.5) P = 20.0(19.6220.38),E = 21.8(21.20,22.30) 4.8 , 2460 55 (5) A frigida Willd. ( 40, 9—10 ;46, 9—11) 20.0 (17.5-25.0) X 22.5

(20.0 — 27.5) P = 21.5(20.54, 22.46), E = 22.5(2 1.50 , 23.50)

27.5 X 27.5),

4.0

957 7 (6) A. macilenta (Maxim) Krasch. (40 ,11—1 2) 22.5(17.5 2 5.0) X

22.5(20.0—25.0) P = 22.8(21.83, 23.67)E = 22.9(22.09,23.66) -3.2

S 223 22 13— (7) anethoides Mattf. (40, 14) 22 .5( 2 0.0 22.5)X

22.5(20.0— 25.0) P = 21.3(20.65, 21.85), E = 23.0(22,28 ,23.72) 3 . 2 - 12898 4 (8) A. austriaca Jacq. (40,15—16;4612— 13) 20.0 (20.0-22.5) X 22.5

(20.0 — 22.5) P = 21. 1(20.53, 21.72), £ = 22.0(21.52,22.48) ^ - 4.0

'. 5111 56 (9) A. eriopoda Bye. (40,1 7 ;47 1—2)

• 3 & • 2 0.0 (20.0-22.5) X 20.0

17, 5 — 25.0) P = 21. 25(20.65, 21.85), E = 20.75( 19.98 ,21.52)

3.2

1001 41 (10) A. macrocephala Jacquem. ex Bess. (40 18—19; 47, 3-4)

2 0.0 ( 2 0.0— 22 .5) X 22.5

= 21. = (20.0—22.5) P 20.8(20.20, 30), E 22.1(21.70,22.53) , 3.2

8784 71 (11) A. mongolica Fisch. ex Bess. ( 40 ,20— 21 ;47 5—6) 22.5 (20.0 — 22.5) X

22.5(20.0— 22.5) P = 2 1.8(2 1.20 ,22.30) ,£ = 2 1.9(2 1.36,22.39)

3.2

202071 60 (12) A. tournefortiana Reichb. ( 4022;47 ,9— 10) 22.5 (20.0 — 22.5) X 22.5

(22.5— 25.0) P = 22. 1(21.7022.55)E = 22.8(22.39,23.11) 3.2-

2266 84 (13) A. viridissima Pamp. (4023—24;477—8) 22.5(20.0 — 22.5) X 22.5(20.0— 25.0) P = 21.9(21.3622.39)£ = 23.0(22.28, 23.72)

3.2 4.0

649 81

Linn. ,11 — 1 (14) >t vulgaris ( 41 ,1—2 ;47 2) 20.0 (20.0 — 22.5) X 22.5 (20.0—22.5) P = 20.1(19.86, 20.39)£ = 22.4(22.11 22.64) 3.2 -

• 39 • 7

8467 64 (K) A. anethifolia Web. ex Stechm. 41 3— 4;47,13 — 14) 22.5(20.0—25.0) X 22.%

(17.5— 25.0) P = 22.0(21.28,22. 72), E = 21.8(20.81 ,22.69) , 3.2

12 (16) A. blepharolepis Bunge. ( 41 5— 6) 22.5(20.0 — 25.0) X 20.0(17.5— = 25.0) P 21.8(21.04,22.56) E = 21.3(20.27,22.33) , 3.2— , 4.0 77—9 3

A. giraldii 41 7 8; 48 (17) Pamp. ( — 1 2) 22.5(20.0 — 25.0) X 22.5

(22.5 — 25.0) P = 22.4(21.91 22.84), E = 22.8(22.39 ,23.1 1) 3.2 .

5 14 11 (18) A nutantiflora Kom. ( 41 ,9; 48 ,3 — 4) 22.5 (20.0 — 25.0) X 22.5 (20.0— 25.0) P = 22.5(21.96,23.04) E = 23.1(22.48 ,23.77) , 3.2 , 255 38 (19) A rubripes Nakai. ( 41 1 0; 48 5—6) 22.5 (20.0-25.0) X 22.5-

(20.0— 25.0) P = 22.4(21.78,22.9), S = 22. 6(22.03,23.22) , 4.0 3.2

53 28 (20) A. sphaerocephala Krasch. ( 41,11 — 12)

22 . 5 (20.0-25.0) X 22.5-

(20.0— 25.0) P = 22.5(21.75,23.26), E = 22.6(21.92,23.33) 3.2 .

40 • — —

4 26 (21) A subdigitata Mattf. var. chinensis Ling. ( 45, 6 7)

22.5 ( 2 0.0 25.0) X 25.0 (25.0—27.5) P = 23.4 (22.69, 24.06), E = 26.0 (25.41,26.59) , 3.2

862 33 (22) A dracunculus Linn. ( 41 ,13 — 14; 48 7— 8) 2 5.0 (20.0—27.5) X 27.5 (25.0— 30.0) , P = 24.9(24.1 7,25.58), t = 27.0 (26.39,27.61) 3.2 , :" 2415 40 (23) A vestita Wall. var. discolor (Kom) Kitag F. holole- nca Kitag. ( 41, 15— 16; 48,9—10) 22.5 (20.0 — 27.5) X 25.0 (22.5—27.5) P = 23.8 (23.04, 24.46), E = 24.9 (24.61,25.14) , , 3.2 , . 3216 29

Levi 41 7—1 ,1 1 — 1 (24) >t argyi et Vant. ( ,1 8; 48 2) 22 .5 ( 22 .5 2 5.0) X 25.0 (22.5—27.5) P = 23.5(22.91 ,24.09), E = 24.8(24.23,25.27)

3.2 , - 5727 89 (25) A apiacea Hance. ( 41 1 9—20; 48 ,13— 14)

22 .5 ( 22 . 5 — .0) X 25.0 (22.5 — 27.5) P = 23.4(22,8023.95)£= 24.9(24.28, 25. 47) 3.2 - .

58

• 41 • —

A. integrifolia L. 41 1 1 — 1 (26) ( 21— 22; 491— 2; 2) 22.5 (22.5 — 25.0) X 25.0 '(22.5—25.0) P = 23.0 (22.52,23.48),!= 23.9 (23.28,24.47) 3.2 -

384 57 (27) A intramongolica H. c. Fu. ( 41 23 — 24; 493— 4) 25.0 (22.5-25.0) X 25.0 (22.5—25.0) P = 23.9(23.28, 24.47), E = 24.1(23.55,24.70) 3.2-

153 45 — (28) A. japonica Thunb. ( 421 2;495— 6) 2 5.0 ( 2 2.5 — 25.0) X 25.0(22.5— 27.5) P = 24.0(23.37, 24.58),E = 25.8(25.08,26.42) - 4.8

13772 44 (29) lavandulaefolia DC. 42 ,3_4 497—8) ( — 25 .0 ( 22 . 5 2 5.0) X 25.0 (22.5—27.5) P = 24.0(23.41,24.59),E = 25.2(24.73,25.77) , 4.8

158 47 (30) mattfeldii Pamp. ( 42 5_6 49 9) 22.5 (22.5-

25.0) X 27.5 (22.5— 27.5) P = 23.4(22.80,23.95), E = 26.4(25.67,27.08)

4.8

1037 52 oxycephala Kitag. 427— (31) A ( 8) 25.0 (2 2 .5 25.0) X 27.5 (25.0— 27.5) , P = 23.9 (23.28,24.4), E = 26.4 (25.78,26.9 7)

• 42 • —

3.2

430 5

9 1 (32) A rupestris linn. ( 42 0; 49 1 0)

22 . 5 ( 22 . 5 — 25.0) X 25.0

20.0— 25.0) P = 23.4(22.80, 23.95)E= 23. 8(23.04,24.46)

3.2

1106 67 (33) A. umbrosa Turcz. ex DC. ( 421112;501 2) 22.5 (22.5— 25 .0) X 22.5

(22.5 — 25.0) P = 23.4(22.80,23.95),! = 23.6(23.03,24.22)

3.2

498 20 (34) A brachyloba Franch. ( 42,13— 14;503— 5) 25.0 (22.5 .22.75) X 27.5(25.0— 30.0) , P = 25.5(24.9^,26.11),1 = 27.9(27.30,28.48) 4.0 , - 405 1 (35) A commutata Bess. ( 42,15— 16;506) 25.0

(22.5—27.5) X 25. 0(22.5 — 27.5) P = 24.3(23.48 ,25.02)£ = 26.0 (25.3026.70)

4.0

00080 16 (36) A commutata Bess. var. helmiana Bess. ( 42,17 18)

25.0 (22.5-27.5) X 27.5

(22.5— 27.5) P = 24.8(24.1025.40)E= 25.9(25.19,26.56)

4.8

163 9 (37) A desertorum Spreng. ( 42,19— 20;50,7)

• 43 • —

22.5 (22.5 — 27.5) X 25.0 (22.5—25.0) P = 24.9(24.61,25.14),! = 23.5(22.80,24.20) , 3.2 — 4.0

777 46 (38) A. halodendron Turcz. ex Bess. ( 42 ,21 — 22; 50 8—9) 22.5 (22.5 — 27.5) X 25.0 (22.5— 27.5) P = 23.8(23.04,24.46) ,E = 24.8(24.10,25.40) , 4.0

, 547 15 (39) i4. latifolia Ledeb. ( 4223— 24;5010— 11) 25.0 (22.5 — 27.5) X

27.5(25.0— 27.5) P =• 24.9(24.41,25.34),! = 26.3(25.65, 26.85) , 4.0-

1384 48 (40) A. ordosica Krasch. ( 43,1— 2;5012— 13) 2 5.0 ( 22 .5

27.5) X 25.0(22.5—27.5) P 25.3 (24.60,25.90), E =- 25.1 (24.53,25.72) , 3.2

460 21 Nakai. 433— (41) A. subulata ( 4) 2 5.0 ( 22 .5—

27.$) X 27.5(25.0— 30.0) P = 25.0(24.46,25.54), E = 27.1(26.25,28.00) 4.8 - . 18) 178 34 — (42) A. wudanica lion et W. Wang. ( 435— 6; 51 1 2) 25 .0 ( 22 .5 — 27 .5) X 25.0 (22.5—27.5) P = 24.5(23.89, 25.11),E = 26.0(25.30,26.70)

4 - .0

• 44 • ——

838 25 (43) A xerophytica Krasch. ( 43,7—8) 2 5.0 ( 22 .5 27.5) X 25.0(22.5— 27.5) , P == 25.0 (24.15,25.85),! = 25.6 (24.79,26.46) 4.0

904 23 (44) >4. codonocephala Diels. ( 43 ,9—1 0; 51 ,3—5) .5 27 . 5 ( 22 — 30.0) X 27.5

(27.5— 35.0) P = 27.25(26.50, 28.00),E =» 29.0(28.12, 29.»8)

4.8

13509 2

1 — 1 ,6—7) (45) A. gmelinii Web. ex Stechm. ( 43 1 2; 51 2 5.0(22.5

30.0) X 27.5 (25.0—30.0) P = 25.6 (24.88,26.37), E = 27.6 (26.92,28.33) , 3.2

74 14 (46) i4. sericea Web. ex Stechm. ( 4313— 14;51 8— 9) 27.5 (25.0-27.5) X

30.0(27.5—30.0) P = 26.6(26. 05, 27.20), E = 28.9(28.28,29.4) , 4.8

66

,15— ,1 0—1 (47) A. smithin Mattf. ( 43 16; 51 1) 25.0(25.0 — 27.5) X 27.5(22.5- 27.5) P = 25.4(24.95, 25.80), E = 26.1(25.42,26.83)

3.2

32537 65 (48) i4. freyniana (Pamp) Krasch. ( 43,17— 18;51 ,12— 13)

30.0(25.0 — 30.0) X 30.0(27.5

35.0) P = 29.0(28.30, 29. 70), E = 31.1(30.12,32.03)

4.0

- 45 2 —

B-38 8 (49) lagocephala (Bess) DC. ( 43,19— 20) 27.5 (25.0 — 30.0) X

30.0(27.0 — 32.5) P = 26.9(26.13 ,27.62) , E = 30.0(29.24,30.76)

4.8

34) 18

ex ,21 — (50) A. moocroftiana Wall DC. ( 43 22; 52 1 2) 27.5 (25.0 30.0) X 27.5 (25.0— 27.5) , P = 27.4(26.91 ,27:84), E = 27.1 (26.70,27.55) , -3.2

01008 50 (51) . rutifolia Steph. et Spreng. ( 43 ,23 — 24; 52 ,3— 4) 7 .5 (25.0 — 30.0) X 30.0

(27.5— 32.5) P = 27.8(27.2328.27)g= 29.8(29.23,30.27) , 4.0

434 87 (52) >4. stolonifera (Maxim) Kam. ( 441 2;525— 6) 27.5 (25.0—

30.0) X 30.0(27.5 — 32.5) P = 27.25(26.73,27.77), E = 29.6 (28.94,30.31) ^ 4.0

361 27 (53) A. frigida Willd. var. atro purpurea Pamp. ( 44 3— 4;52,7— 8) — 27.5 ( 27 . 5

30.0) X 30.0(27.5— 30.0) P = 27.8(27.23,28.27), g = 29.6 (29.20 ,30.05) , 4 .0

2369 42 (54) A. phaeolepis Krasch. ( 445—6;529)

• 46 - H L•

30.0 (27.5 — 32.5) X

30.0(27.5 —32.5) P = 29.0(28.30,29.70), E = 29.5(28.89 ,30.1 1) . 4.8

697 19 (55) tanacetifolia L. ( 447— 8;52,10—11) 30.0 (27.5 — 32.5) X

32.5(30.0— 37.5) P = 29.6(28.94,30.31) 32.6 (31.74,33.51) 4.8 .

49 24 (58) A laciniata Willd. ( 449— 10;5212— 14) 32.5 (30.0 — 37.5) X

32.5(27.5— 35.0) P = 33.1(32.29,33.96) g = 31.8 (30.81 ,32.69) -4.0 ;

101 6

2.

1 S. Moore. 1 53 — (57) A anomala ( 44 1 2; ,1 2) 17.5 (17.5 — 20.0) X

17.5(17.5— 20.0) P = 18. 6(18. 03, 19.22), E= 18. 16(18.03,19.22)

3.2 2.4

000 96 59 (58) A deversa Diels. ( 4413—14) 17.5 (17.5-20.0) X 17.5.

(17.5— 22.5) P = 18.5(17.91, 19.09) g = 19.5(18. 60,20.40) 2.4 ,

5079 63 - (59) A» sieversiana Ehehart ex Willd. ( 44 , 1 5—1 6; 53 ,3— 4)

20.0 (17.5 — 20.0) X. 22.5(20.0 — 22.5) P = 19.25 (18.70 19.80) 21.25 (20.65 ,21.85)

• 47 - ) 2 — —

3. 2

3183 86 (60) A absinthium Unn. ( 44,17—18;535—6) 2 0.0 (1 7 .5 22 .5) X 20.C

'(20.0 — 22.5) P = 19.9(19.41,20.34) E = 21.0(20.41 ,21.59) -3.2 ,

425628 7 0 (61) A annua Linn. ( 441920;537—8) 2 0.0 (17. 5 — 22 .5) X = 20.0(20.0— 22.5) P = 20.1(19.66,20.59), E 20.4(19.95,20.80) , 3.2

3535 85

ps ,21 — 53 1 (62) >t prince Pamp . ( 44 22; 9 0) 22.5 (20.0

25.0) X 25. 0(22.5 — 27.5) P = 23.0(22.39,23.61), S = 24.8 (24.23 ,25.27) - 5934 54 (63) A igniaria Maxim. ( 44 ,23— 24; 53 ,1 1) 2 2.5( 22 .5 — 25.0) X 25.0 ( 25.0) P = 23.9(23.28, 24.47),E = 25.0(25.0,25.0) , -4.0 1028 43 (64) ( A. roxburghiana Bess. var. rientalis Pamp. ( 44,25— 26;53,12— 13)

2 .5 ( 2 2.5 — 25.0) X 22.5 (22.5 — 25.0) P=» 23.1 (22.61,23.64), E = 23.1 (22.61,23.64)

2.4

4735 83 (65) A hedinii Ostenf. ( 44 27— 28; 53 ,14) 25.0 (22.5 27.5) X 25.0(22.5— 25.0) , P = 25.0(24.46,25.54), E = 24.5 (24.02,24.98) 3.2

• 48 • V —

2474 36

3. III — (66) A» palustris Linn. ( 4429— 30; 54,1 2) 17.5 (17.5 — 20.0) X 17.5(1 7.5 — 20.0) P= 18.1(17.61,18.64),! =» 18.4(17.80,18.95)

3.2

1952 49

4. IV

(67) A marschalliana Spreng. ( 45 ,2—3; 54,3— 4) 2 0.0 ( 2 0.0 22 .5) X 20.Q (20.0— 22.5) P = 20.8(20.2021J0),S = 21.4(20.78,21.97)

3.2

1291 69 (68) A. sylvatica Maxim. ( 45 4— 5; 54 5—6 1 2—13) 25.0 (22.5-27.5) X 27.5 (25.0-

30.0) P = 25.6(24.98, 26.27), E = 28.4(27.69,29.06)

4.0

065 31

5.

(69) A setengensis Turez. ex Bess. ( 45 8—9 54 ,7 — 8) 25.0 (22.5—27.5) X 27.5 (25.0-

32.5) P = 25.5(24.78, 26.22)E = 28.3(27.39,29.11)

4.0

32

• 49 • —

6. VI

(70) A lactiflora Wall, ex DC. ( 45,10—11;54910) 22.5 (22.5

25.0) X 22.5(20.0— 22.5) P = 23.6(23.03,24.22), E = 22.3(21.60,22.90)

3.2

878986 53

[1 198 6 , ^, 9 , 4 12 1985, & [3 Sf ,1983, 76 .g , 1 , , » 14 ,195% .?86 — 396 , tt, a {5 1985, ^ , [6 S ft I960, , [7 ^ 1982, . t; ( 6 , [8 1988 i S ^^ [9 , 1978, ^^^ ^fe«ii,267 — 270 [10 , 1^8, , H , 16 , 2 1 ' 85 [11 , , 23 6 [12 1 9 8 4 , , 4 , 2 [13 /!. A., E 1956,

[H ,19S2, , 2 2 [15 1978, —— , , 16 , 1 [16 198 4 , & , - 5

[17 ffi 1980, [18 ,1986 , , 9 4 L19 1986, , , S> 4 [20 ,1986, , 9 4 [21 1956, 4 20 — 2, , , , , — [22 , 1984, , 1,U3 [23 ,1964 , , U 6 [24 1984, , ^ 2 6 6 [25 1984, 1 2 [26 , 1984, , , , [27 ,1986, , 9 , 4 [2S , 1982, [29 , 1982, , , [30 ,198 2 , , , 198 4 ,3 - 11 32 L31 , 5 , , , [32 ,19 7 8, , 16 , 3 [33 R. B., , 1983, , , [34 , 1980, 18 , 3 9V- [35 G., , 1962, , 99 , {36 Erdtman G. 1969, Handbook of Palynology. Morphology, Taxonomy Ecology. Munksgaard, Copenhagea.

• 50 • [37] Ik use, M. 1956, Pollen Grains of Japan. Hirokawa Publishing Co. Tokyo.

[38] Praglowski J. 1971, The Pollen Morphology of the Scandinavian Species of Artemisia L. Pollen ci

Spores, Vol. 13 p. 3.

[39] Rowley John R. A. Orvillc Dalil and Joanne S. Rowley, 198 1 : Substructure in Exines of Artemisia

vulgaris. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology- 35(1981): 1 — 38. [40] Singh Gurdip and R. D. Joski, 1969, Pollen Morphology of Some Eurasian Species of Artemisia. Gra-

na Palynologica Vol. 9. No. 1 3.

[41] Straka H., 1952: Zur Feinmorphologic Dcs Pol lens Von Salix Und Von Artemisia. Svensk Botanisk

Ti4$krict. Bd. 46, H.2 p. 204—227. —— : , '.

1. ,

(1) 12 —20% 104°C 6.5% 8)

(2) 7—30%, 20%, 4) 4 ,

13.4%) I 4 . 3 — 18.7%) 18.5%), 15.8 — 21. 7%) 21. 5%)

• 52 • B a B /

4

LDH ALT ARG ADA ALP

26.25/100 66.00 84.00 0.29 1.13 24.94 213.00 o 1.27 3.6 0.38

*tr -tf 25.59 285.00 369.00 1 .64 o 1.13 6.00 0.55 4.8 1.13 t 18.81 17.94 9.00 0.375 21.75 17.00 7.50 3 18.38 63.00 81.00 1.15 6.6 ( 20.34 60.00 75.00 1.36 6.0 0.57 18.38 45.00 57.00 3.8

LDH: ^; ALT: ARG: ADA: ALP:

(3)

21

2 .0 2 00 5.11 100

5)

5 /100 ) A. Caillas. 1976) ^\^ S

0.93 1.28 1.45 0.42 0.66 0.81 0.20 0.91

0.85 1.17 0.93 0.39 0.69 0.67 0.20 0.90

1.74 2.63 2.34 0.80 1.43 1.38 0.34 2.05

4.5 6.7 5.7 1.8 3.9 4.00 1.3

(4)

> 25 —48% (5)

V-BiX V- 2 ) V- PP).

(V-C) DAEJ V- 6 ) (6)

(7)

• 53 • §

1842 Auguste Webb ! ta graveolens) 1954 Siim Ioinsche (1956 100

17

(8) R^my Chauvin Lenormand 1956 R6my Chauvin

10 — 12 6.5% 90 — 92 % 13 — 15% ,

2000

14 , " " 1460 " , " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " , ""

54 • - " " " " :1ft

Hi

" " "" " "," "" "," "" "

1977 ) " "

- " "

2. , " " 1116 " "" ( 659 " BB B B B

(1518-1593) " "" " 25 847

50

100

9.2 18.5 B 2 , 6 5 5 (

PP)200 3 50 C 7000 c 5

3 7 ; D, E

A A A

30—40%, ,

—— ,

R6my Chauvin Lenormand

1974 ,

« 56 • 6 F. Guemes Diaz 0.4 — 8

1) (_Robi"ia pseudoacacia):

2) (Xrataegus

3) (Centaurea gflnw)

4) {Erica a^onrfl):

5) (B0rag0

6) Cerww ""/^r") :

7) (Castanea vulgaris):

8) (Bra"" o/er flCefl ): 9) (Papcw" rAoew): ,

10) (Cttrta fl"r fl ;m'"m) :

11)

12) £"^/)^^ globulus): ^: 13) (Rosa ^mVfl):

14) A/^^^mfl^m):

15) (Jaraxac densleonts):

16) A/ fl /w comm"«/0:

17) (R rinws

18)

19) f fl r"m "c"/<^"m) g 0py :

20) (Onobrychis ^nVa)

• 57 - 21) S lvio o//:V»'«a/ &):

22) Sfl/") : 23) (Jhymus serpyllum) ijhmws t/"/gflr")

24) , ,

-

. 1895 R. Pfister

C. Fehlmann (1911)

1925 B. H-

An^peee 160

1932 Betts

Vansell Watkins (1933) Dennano- coicz (1955), Hase Takada Takenaka (1977) Fermiloe (1945), Levin Bohart (1955), Free Williams (1980)

Clemson (1977), Mitre (1980) 1965) " " 42 1966 10

1975 1978 " 1984) " 9857 110 394 . 10

• 58 • 11 5 1981)

~p p

1.

(1) Wodehouse G. Erdtman 1) Wodehouse , ,

2) Erdtman

24

2000 / 5 — 10

- (9U), ( ) , , 5 0%

(2)

• 59 • i^JC 15

(3) 2% 1% , 3 1

Spur 3:1

Spur 2:2, 1:3 12 , 70°C 8

(4)

1)

2) , 57, 13; 58,1 —2) , 69, 8-10)

69, 1 65 3 — 2) ;, 5) 71 10 — 12) 71, 5 —9) - 619 10) 58 3 —6)

• 60 • 58, 7) 58,10); 58 9) 71 1 4) 63, 13) 63 47) "" 70,1 —4)

58,4

13

, #

13 Erdtman Faegri Erdiman. 1969)

1 ( ) 13

imemal foramina, Skvarla & Larson, 1965) 58,9) 6756)

2.

3 , , 5 — 10

• 61 • * )

25 100 50 80°C ( 2000 — 3000 / 25 7)

v ^ 15v 1

6

83019

Aceraceae Acer cappadocium 9 var. sin i cum Rehd. 8S020 Anacardtaceae Rhus potaninii Maxim. 83021 Toxicodenddon vernicijluum (Stokes) F. A. Barkl. 83043

Asclepiadaceae Cynanchum kotnarovii Al. 11 jin

C. B. CI. 83058

Caprif oliaceae Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd. 83056 Lonicera ferdinandit F ranch. 83057 Lonicera maackji (Rupr.) Maxim 83024 Viburnum sargentii Koehne

1) —

• 62 • H s r s ^c t. n y ) ^6

w w\ ^p- H W * S 8301)5

Caryophy I laccac Le pytodi clis holostcoidcs Fi sch.

^4 83063 Cclastraceac 83023 CclostTus otbicul otus X hunb*

folw P g302S l J ^ K^^J ^^

Compositae fid t o ftthtis OTtit tins g 1 Hi 83065

Li gui art a przewalsf^ii (Max i m — Dicls.

r±^ -f+- X>l 1 ^ 83008

*^ T \\C\ ( A r 9 * Brasstca campestris L. "V> ft UW1 ICKaC

7lC 83012

Etuco suit tt c r s

JW ^3018 £laeagnaceae El oc gtt us utnbcll ota Thu nb. 83049

^cntianaceae G c titt ott d qHut i q Fisch*

A> /-A ULi £J fife 83060 ftX LU ^

pc t t attc ntt otutn hoi Hypericaceae H y cam C s 33029 ffi ^ El s h 1 12 to d c ft q Benth

dK.i 3^. 83030

Labiatae g opsis supino (S tcph. ) k.-Gal* ex K no r /s 33059

J^Qtfit utn h qt b Qtutn S icb. 6 1 • Zucc*

1 33048 " ASM Sal? 2^/11 l^QPQTt dul Qtigustifolio

K^Z 1 S3033

I__ff0fit4ti4s st bt t t cas Linn, 83051

t tibt t4ttt vttl q c I , n

Try 33072

Ne pctQ c at or i o Linn. KWJ Ncpcta pannonica Linn. 83050

Origanum vulgare Li on 83052

Phlomis pratensis Kar. ct. Kir 83047 Stachyopsis oblon gata (Schrenk)

M Pop. et. Vved.

• 63 • t f* * 6

83041

Stachys sieboldii Miq.

TlC 83006 Thymus tnongolicus Ronxi. 83044 Ziziphora bungcana Juz* 83031

Leguminosae Amorpha fruttcosa L. 83046 -B. SL >H t-Ni ^ Astragalus ad sur gens Pall.

4 83013

Astragalus melilotoide s Pall.

TP "Hff 8301& Hedysarum multifugum Maxim,

7lC 83014 Mcdicago sativQ L 83034 IW f-^i JJS. /^=3 Melilotus officinalis (L.) Detr. 83032

Sophora viciifolia H aace ; 83027 Vict a cracca L. 83022

yicia villosa Roth. 83070

Oleaceae ] asminum humilt L. 83036

Ligustrum luctdum Ait. 83067

Onagraceae C hamacnerion angustifolium (L.)

8306Z

Plumbaginaceae h,imontutn bicolor (Bunge) O* K untzc. 8301&

Polygonaccac Calligonum mongolium Turcz. 83040

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. 83037

Ranunculaceae Aconitum gymnandrum Maxim. 83038

Aconitum pendulum Busch. « 83061 Rosaceae Cotoneaster horizontalis Dene. 83009

Potentilla anserina L.

• 64 * }

6

83045

Potentilla bifurca L« 83068

Scrophulariaceae Pedicularis sptcata Pall, 83026

Solanaceae Capsicum annuum L. 83004

Lycium barbarum L. 83071 Tamaricaceae Tamarix arcenthoides Bunge. 83003 Tamarix chmensis Lour. 83035

Thy melaeaceae Stellera chamaciesme L. 83053 (Jmbelliferae Carum buriaticum Turcz. 83007

Coriandrum sativum L. 83039 Voentculum vulgare Mill, 83001 gracilis (Bess Sphallcrocarpus . K.-pol. 83054

Valerianaceac Patrinta rupestrts (Pall.) Juss. 83017

Zygophy Uaceae Nitraria sibirtca Pall, 83025 Peganum harmala L

*

1965)

68

68

( 6) 28 59

5

• 65 - o

7 140

68

20 — 40 Whitehead, 1969;

Niklas, 1985); 5 250

Muller, 1981), F/ / fl Beattie, A.J, 1971) , )

" functional polyads), …… " (Walker, 1976)

Macior, 1968) , 68

68

1. —— "… Cynanchmn komarovii Al. Iljinski

1. 2

2. • 3

2. 28

3. 4

3. 19

4. Pedicuiaris spicata Pall.

4. 5

5. 6

5. • 17

6. 7

6. 12

7.

- 66 • Limonium bicolor (Bunffe) O. Kuntae. 7. , • 8. 9

8. • 10

Braaaica campestria L. 9, i'

()• Eruca satine Gars.

10. 25 11

10. Tamaricaceae

11. 50.2X50.2 •Zna/mnuFW humile L.

11. 31.3X31.3 uc : da7n Ait.

12. 13

12. 14 13. , Logopsis supina (Steph.) Ik.-Gal.ex Knorr 13. Marrttbium vulgare Linn. M. - Lamium barbatum Sieb. et« Zucc.

H. 15 15. , Phlomis pratensis Kar. et. Kir. 15. 16

16. 5faC^y» sieboldii Miq.

'• Leonutus sibiricus Linn.

17. Acer cappadocium var. sinicum, Rehd.

17. IS 18, Aconitam pendulum Busch.

18* Aconitum gymandrum Maxim.

19. 20

19. 27

20. C odonopsis clematidea (Schrenk) C.B. CI.

20. 21

21. 22

21. 23

22. Nepeta Linn.

22. Zixiphora bungeana Juz.

23. 24

23. 26

24. Elsholtzia densa Benth.

24- 25

25 . , Thymus mongolicua Ronn.

25. Or,>m»mi vulgare Linn.

26. Lavandula anguatifolia Mill.

26. StackyopaU o6/on^afa(Schrenk) M.Pop. et. Vved.

67 27. 36(26 — 38) Lepyrodiclia holoateoidea Fisch. et. Mey.

27. 12(8 — 14) L Stellera chamaejasme L. 4 28. 3 6 7

Chumaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop 9 28. : 29 29. 30

29. 31

30. Microula sikkimensis (Clarke) Hem

30. ……

Trigonotis peduncular •3 (Trev.) Benth.

31. 32

31. 49

32. 33

32. 42

33. 50 Fagopyru/n esculentum Moench.

33. 50 …… 34

34. P/E: 1.143—1 .333 35

34. P/E:>1 .333 38 35. , 3.5 Ce/aWru* angulatus Maxim. 35. • 36

36. 37 36. , Medicago sativa L. 37. , , Hypericum attenuatum Choisy 37. Ca,'g0ntmi mongolium Turcz- 38. , 25 //e^sarum multijugum Maarim. 3 8. 25 — 50 39

39. 40

39. 41

40. W'cfa cracca L.

40. Vicia villosa Roth. 41. Astragalus adsurgens Pall.

41. Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr.

42.

Sphallerocarpus gracilis (Bess.)K.-Pol.

42. 43

43. 25 Pegmm/n harmala L.

43. 25 — 50 44

44. 45

44. /•JVdu/n barbarum L.

45- Nitraria aibirica Pall.

45. 46

46. Potentilla bifarca L.

68 • •

46. 47

47. Coriandrum sativum L.

47. 48

48. Carum buriaticum Turcz,

48. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. «• 50

49. 55

50. P/E>1.143 Viburnum sargentii Koehne

P/E 875—1*143 51 50. , : 0. 51. 52 51 53

52. •••• Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. 52. … Sophora viciifolia Hanee 53. 18 Amorpha fruticosa L

53. 54

5" …" •••• Gentiana dahurica Fisch. 54. - , H Astragalus melilotoides Pall.

55. P/E:0.75—0.875 56

55. P/E:0.875—1.143 57

56. E/aeaymM umbellata Thunb.

56. .• /»ofe„ft7/« anserina L.

57. 50 58 — 57. , 25 50 60 58. f Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim.

58. 59 59.1> Lonicera caerulea L. var. edalia Turcz. ex Herd.

59, L Lonicera ferdinandii Franch.

60. 61

60. 62 61. , "" Ligularia przewalskii (Maxim.) Diels.

61. //e/fan^us annua, L.

62. Capsicum annuum L.

63 - Cotoneaster horixontalia Dene. 63. 64 64. "* potaninii Maxim. 64. Toxicodendron vernict//au/n(Stokes) F.A. B&rkl.

1. Aceraceae

69 • 1 1 Acer ca var. sinicum, (1) ppadociam Rehd. ( 57,1 3)

31.3 (27.8 — 31.3) X 29.6(27.8—31.3) 31.3 (29.6— 36.5) X 29.6(26.1 —

' 1.7

83019

20 5 — 6

2. Anacardiaceae

1 2 (2) K/ms potaninii Maxim. ( 57,4—6)

26.1 (24.4—27.8) X 26.1 (22.6—27.8) 29.6(24.4—31.3) X 26.1 (22.6-27.8)

2.0

83020 800 — 1400 5 — 6

1 2

7—1 (3) Toxicodendron vern £crY/isam(Stokes)F. A. Barkl. (57 0)

26.1 (24.4—27.8) X 26.1 (24.4—27.8) 29.6 (26.1—36.5) X 27.8 (24.4 — 29.6) , 3.4 1.9

83021 6 — 7 25 20 — 30

20

• 70 —

3. Asclepiadaceae

1 1 (4) Cynanchum Komarovi'% Al. Iljinski (,5711 12) 210 X 130 296X 190 ) 83043 30 —50

2000 6 7 20 40

4. Boraginaceae

2 2 • (5) MfcroaZ" sikkimensis (Clarke) Hemsl. ( 57 13) 8.7(6.7 —9.6) X 3.5

(3.4 — 4.7) 8.7(7.1 — 9.6) X 3.8(3.4 — 4.7) u ; , 1.2 83002

7 — 8 15 — 30

(6) 7Vfgo/iofi's peduncularis (Trev.) Benth. ( 58,1—2)

6.96 X 3.48 6.96 X 3.6 ; 0.5 — 0.7

83069

18 — 38

1) (Lcterocolpate); , Jan Mullcr (1981) subsidiary colpus)

• 71 • 6 —2

5. Campanulaceae

, 1 1 (7) Codonopsis clematidea (Schrenk) C.B. CI ( 58, 3—6)' 40.0(34.8—45.2) X 45.2 (40.0— 48.7) 52.2 (41.7—57.4) X 52.2 (46.9—

60.9) 2.5 , 83055

45 1500 20 2500 6 7 25

6. Caprifoliaceae

2 4 4 Lon/^ra), W"r«"m)

- 4

1. Viburnum aargentii Koehne

1. Maxim. 2. , Lom'cero maackii (Rupr.) 2. J

3. 4.5 2.5 Lonicera caerutea L. Tar. edulis Tur cz. ex HercL

3. 3.7 I. 5 Lonicera ferdinandii Franch. (8) Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd. ( 59 1—2)

43.5 X 5 4 .0 59 . 2 (5 3 . 9 — 4 . 4 ) X 64.4

(62.6 — 76.3)

• 72 • 4 —1

; 2.5 ) 83058

5 1.5 — 6

(9) Lom'cera ferdinandii Franch. ( 59 3—5)

0.0 43 . 5 ( 4 — 8 .7) X 48 .7( 4 5. 2 — 5 5.7) 55.7 (5 2.2—59.2) X 60.9(57.4 — 64.4)

3.7

1.5 83056 ( c 3 1000 5 2500 — 6

(10) Lom'cera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim. ( 58 7—10)

48.7(47.0— 52.2) X 55.7 (50.5—60.9) 66.1(60.9— 67.9) X 73.1(66.1 — 74.7) 3.5 ,

3.5 ' 83057

5 5 — 6 .

(11) Viburnum sargentii Koehne ( 59, 6—7)

20.9 X 24.4 (22.6-27.8) 20.9 (19.1

27.0) X 26.1 (22.6 — 27.8) , 2.0 83024

3 5 1200— — 6

73 - Caryophyilaceae

1 1 (12) Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fisch. et. Mey. ( 59 8—9) 34.8(33.1 — 40.0) 34.8(33.1 — 41.7)

32(26 — 36), 3.5

83005 40 — 100 1800— 3000 7 — 8

8. Celastraceae

1 2

(13) Ce/asfru* angulatus Maxim. ( 60 3—4)

20.9(19.1— 22.6) X 19.1( 17.4—20.9) — — 26 .1( 24 . 4 3 3.1) X 2 0. 9 (17. 4 29 . 6 ) ^1 , 3.0

83063

6

(14) Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. ( 60 1 2)

26.1(22.6—27.8) X 27.8(26.1 — 31.3) 26. 1(26. 1—29.6) X 29.6 (27.8— 31.3) , 2.5

83023

5

.

• 74 • 9. Compositae

2 2

(15) //eor"fAu« annuas L. ( 60 5—8) • 34.8(29.6 — 41.8) X 36.5(29.6 — 41. 8) 41.8(38.3—41.8) X 45.2(452.2)

2.0 ( 5.2 Skvarla & Turner (1966) Heliantheae 1/3;

(internal foramina, Skvarla and Turner, 1 966) 83028

1 3 7 — 8 30— 40 60 — 70 (16) Lfgu/crHor przewalskii (Maxim.) Diels. ( 60 9—11)

36. 5 ( 8 — 40.0) X 3 4.8( 2 9.6— 38.3) 45.2(41.8-60.9) X 4 1.8(40.0—52.2) , 3.5 5.2 83065 60 — 100 7 — 8 ,

10. Cruciferae

2 2 (17) Brassica campestrts L. ( 61 1 3)

24.4(22.6— 26.1) X 22.6(20.9— 24. 4) 24.4(22.6— 29.6) X 24.4(22.6—

26.1) 2.1

• 75 • S

83008

3 — 90

15 — 30

(18) £>ucf£^#i'ne"Gars. ( 61 4—6) 20.9(20.9— 22.6) X 17.4( 17.4 — 20.9) 19.4(17.4 — 20.1) X

19.4(15.7— 20.1) 1.7

83012 , 20 — 90 6 — 7 20 10 — 20

11. Elaeagnaceae

'

1 1 (19) Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. ( 61, 7—8)

36.5(31.3—40.0) X 48.7(43.5 — 52.2) 36.5(31.3—40.0) X 48.7(43.5—

52.2)

1.7 ——

, 3 01S 4 . 5 — 6

12. Gentianaceae

1 1

- 76 • —

(20) Ge/rffamr dahurica Fisch. ( 61 9—10)

36.5(33.1— 4 0.0) X 38.3(3 4 .S 4 5. 2 ) 4 8.7 <38.3— 48.7) X 43.5(33.1— 40) ( 3.5 — 5.3

83049

15 — 25 1500 — 3500 ' 8

13. Hypericaceae

'1 1 (21) Hypericum attenuatum Choisy ( 61 11—12)

22.6 (19.1 — 24.4)X 17.4 (15.7—19.1) 29.6 (27.8—31.1) X 19.1 (17.4—

20.9)

1.7 83060 6 , 60 — 7 ,

14. Labiatae

13 14

2 0.9 — 40.0 1.5 — 3.5

1)

2)

3)

'

•

- 77 • 8 o

4) ^ 5)

14

1.

2.

3.

Stachyopsis oblongata (Schrenk) M. Pop. et. Wed,

3. •• Thymus mongolicus Ronn.

2.

3.

4*

5. Nepeta L. ( Nepeta cataria L>iim, Nepeta pannonica Lion.) 5. OW^mu/n oulgare L.

4. Elsholtzia densa Benth. 3. , 4. /•m^m/u/a angustifolia Mill.

4. Ziziphow bungeana Jnx.

1.

2.

3.

4. g Stachys sieboldii Miq.

4.

5. L«o/iWi« sibiricus Unn

5. PWomis pratensi, Kar. et. Kir.

3. •••••• Lm'um barbatum Sieb. et. Zucc.

2. supina (Steph.) Ik..Gal. ex Knorr 3. , kgopsis 3. A/arruWimi vulgare Unn, (22) Elsholtzia densa Benth. ( 6 1 13—15)

19.1 (17.4—20.9) X 20.9 (19.1 — 22.6) 24.4 (22.6—33.0) X 27.8 (26.1-34.8)

1.7

3 2 9 20 — 60

7

• 78 • —

40 ' 8 30 — 60

(23) 5 Lagopsis supina (Steph.) Ik.-Gal. ex Knorr ( 62, 1 2) . 20.9 (19.1 — 20.9) X 22.6 (20.9— 24.4) 26.1

(26.1-33.1) X 27.8(26.1 — 29.6)

1.7 83030 , 15 — 35 5 — 7 (24) Lamium barbaturn Sieb. et. Zucc. ( 62, 3—6)

22.6(20.9—24.4) X 24.4(20.9 — 26.1) 27.8 (27.6—31.3) X 26.1(24.3 — 29.6)

1.7 83059 7 1 — 8

(25) Lavcmthtla angustifolia Mill. ( 62 7—9)

34.8 (31.3 — 40.0) X 38.3 (31.3 — 40.0) 41.8 — (34.8-45.2) X 3 4 .8(2 9 . 6 4 3.5)

3.5 83048

5 7 8 10

(26) Leonufus sibiricus Linn. ( 62 13—16)

: 24.4(22.6—26.1) X 27.8(24.4— 29.6) 26.1(24. 4

29.6) X 24 . 4 ( 22 . 7 — 2 7.8) 1.5 . 83033 20 — 80 . 7 1500 — 9 (27) Marra6fum vulgare Linn. ( 62 10—12)

• 79 • — —

31.3 (29.6—31.3) X 34.8 (31.3—36.5) ; 34.8 <29.6-38.3) X 34.8(31.3— 38.3) , 3.5 83051

5

7

art 1 — (28) Nepeta cat a Linn. ( 63 3)

31.3 (26.1 — 33.1) X 29.6 (26.1—31.1) 33.1 (29.6 — 36.5) X 29.6

( 2 6.1 — 3 4. 8 )

2.6 83072 40— 150

(29) Ncpeta pannonica Linn. ( 63 4—7) 26.1 — (24.4—29.6) X 27.8(24.4— 29.6) ; 34.8(31.1 36.5) X 40.0 (29.6—43.5) , 1.9 ', 83042 60 — 120 800— 1200

6

7 40 (30) Origanum vulgare Linn. ( 63 13 14) 27.8 (24.4 3 1. 3) X

31.3(26.1 — 34. 8) 33.1(29.6— 36.5) X 34.8(29.6 — 38.3)

2.0

83050 25 — 60 7 500— 3000 — 8 6 8 ,

(31) Pklomis pratensis Kar. et. Kir. ( 63, 8—10) —

27.8 (26.1-29.6) X 17.4 ( 15.7 — 19.1) 26.1 (22.6 —

27.8) X 20. 9 (15.7 24 . 4 )

1.5 83052

6 — 8 (32) Stachyopsis oblongata (Schrenk) M. Pop. et. Vved. ( 63, 11—12) , 33.1 (27.8—36.5) X 31.7 (27.8 — 34.8) 40.0(36.5— 45.2) X

38.3(19.1 — 45.2) 2.6

83047

25— 90

2000— 3000 7

sieboldii Miq. 1 — (33) Stackys ( 64 2)

26.1 (24.4—26.1) X 27.8(24.4— 27.8) 29.6 (27.1— 33.1) X 29.6(24.4—

31.3)

1.7 83041 30 — 120 7 3200 — 8

(34) Thymus mongolicus Ronn. ( 64 3 5)

27.8 (24.4-28.6) X 31.3 (31.3-34.8) 34.8

(29.6-38.3) X 26.1 — 38.3) 2.1 , 83006 20 — 30 1100 — 3600

6 7 30

5 — 10

(35) ZfzfpAoror bungeana Juz. ( 64 6—8)

31.3 (27.8—34.8) X 34.8 (33.1— 41.8) 33.1 (31.4—36.5) X 36.5

(31.3 — 45. 2 ) 1.7

• 81 <

' ; 83044 12 — 30

7 700 — 1000 — 8

15. Leguminosae

7 9 20 — 40 ^^ 1.5— 2.5 ^ 9 2.

3.

4. ^/er/jvMrmn multijugum Maxim.

4. 4"Mga/u adsurgens Pall.

3. Me/'7WtM officinalis (L.) Desr.

2. 3. , la V'cio villosa Roth. 3. cracca L.

1.

2.

3. Sophora viciifolia Hanee

3. AWraga/us melilotoid- Pall.

2.

3. Medicago .ativa L.

3. A/nofpAa fruticosa L.

(36) AmorpAor fruticosa L. ( 64 9—11)

19.1 (17.4— 20.9) X 20.9 (19.1— 22.6) 27.8 (24.4 — 29.6) X

24.4 (22.6— 27.8)

2.0 83031

1 4 5 — 7

10 — 15

10%,

• 82 • (37) Asfrffgra/us adsurgens Pall. ( 64 12—13)

26.1 (22.6— 27.8) X 22.6 (20.9— 24.4) 31.3 (29.6— 34.8) X

22.6(19.1— 24.4)

1.7 83046 20 — 100

, (38) Astragalus melilotoides Pall. ( 64 14—15) 27.8 (24.4-29.6) X 26.1

(24.4— 27.8) 29.6 (27.8 — 31.3) X 26.1 (24.4— 27.8)

3.5

1.7

83013 60 — 150 7 — 8 10 — 20

(39) Hedysarum muliijugum Maxim. ( 65 1 — 2)

19.1 (17.4— 20.9) X 17.4 (15.7-19.1) 22.6 (20.9—24.4) X

15.7 (13.9— 17.4)

1.5 83010

50 — 100 6 — .8 (40) Medicago satiua L. ( 65, 3—5)

33.1 (27.8—36.5) X 36.5 (31.3—40.0) 36.5 (31.3—40.4) X 31.3

( 27 .8—3 2 . 9 )

1.7 83014 30 — 10Q 6 — 7

15 — 2 5

83 • c

(41) Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. ( 65 6—7) 27.8 (26.1 —

29.6) X 20.9 (19.1 — 22.6) 31.3 (29.6— 34.8) X 20.9 (17.4— 22.6)

1.7 83034 6 3 — 7 , 40 — 50 . , (42) Sopkoya viciifolia Hance ( 65, 8—9)

17.1 (15.7—22.6) X 20.9 (19.1 — 22.6) 20.9 (17.4—22.6) X 19,1 (17.4 —

20.9)

1.7 83032

1 2 , . 5

(43) Ki'ci'or cracca L. ( 65 10—11) 41.8 (34.8-

43.5) X 24.4 (20.9— 29.6) 40.0 (36.5—48.7) X 20.9 (20.9— 26.1 ) , , 1.5 83027

(44) Vicia villosa Roth. ( 65 12—14) 31.3 (27.8-47.0) X 20.9 (19.1-33.1)

36.5 (33.0— 41.8) X 24.4 (22.6— 27 .8)

2.5 , 83022 ^

• 84 16. Oleaceae

2 2 (45) /£^/?«'"12/?1 humile L. ( 66, 6—8) 41.8(40.0 —

45.2) X 43.5 (40.0—47.8) 50.5 (45.2—57.4) X 52.2 (50.5—59.2)

3.5 83070

700 — 3100 (46) lAgustttzm lucidum Ait. ( 66 1 5) 26.1 (24.4 —

26.1) X 27.8 (26.1 — 31.3) 31.3 (31.3—38.3) X 31.3 (27.8—36.5)

3.5

83036

6

-

17. Onagraceae

1 1 (47) Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. ( 66 9—10; 67 1-6)

63.5 (57.4-

66.1) X 90.5(78.3—107.9) 94.4 (90.5—97.4) X 121.8 (107.9—137.5) 3 — 7 3 5.2 ;

83067 7 1 — 8

4 — 50 5 — 10 o

.

18. Plumbaginaceae

1 1 (48) Limonium bicolor (Bunge) O. Kantze. ( 67, 7—9)

48.7 X 55.7 (45.2-71.2) 63.5 X 78.3 (62.6-81.8) 10 ,

83062 20— 70

500— 2000 5 6 9 10 7 — 8 , ,

19, Polygonaceae

2 2 (49) CcZ/fgomsm mongolium Turcz. ( 68 8—9)

33.1 (31.2—36.5) X 33.1 (31.2—34.8) 38.3 (34.8—41.3) X 33.1 (29.6—

34.8)

1.7 83016

1 1.5 4 , 6

(50) Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. ( 68 10 11) 64.4 (53.9-74.8) X 47.0 (38.3-55.9) 62.6 (48.7—71.3) X 48.7 (40.0-52.2)

3.5

83040

40 — 100

86 « 40 8— 9 20— 50

20. Ranunculaceae , 1 2

Aconitum gymnandrum Maxim. 1 (51) ( 68 3)

24.4 (24.4—27.8) X 22.6 (20.9—27.8) 31.3 (27.8—36.5) X 24.4 (19.1 —

27.8) 1.7

83037 , 25—100 7 — 8 ' .

(52) Acom'ftim pendulum Basch. ( 68 4—7) 24.4 (20.9— 26.1) X

20.9 (19.1—24.4) 29.6 (27.8—31.3) X 24.4 (22.6—26.1)

1.7 83038 26— 100 6-7

21. Rosaceae

2 3 — (53) Cotoneaster horizontalis Dens. ( 69 ,1 2) t 34.8 (31.3— 36.5) X 36.5 (29.6— 40.2) 41.8 (36.5—45.3) X 38.3 (34.8— 43.5)

1.7 83061 5 — 6

• 87 —

2 000 — 3000 /^"^'/" anserina L. 3— (54) ( 69 5)

20.9 (19.1—22.6) X 22.6 (20.9— 24.4) ; 20.9 (20.9— 24.4) X 24.4 (24.4— 2 6.1)

1.7 83009 1QQ0 — 30Q0 5 — 6

(55) Pofe/ift'Z^ bifurca L. ( 68 12—14)

27.8 (24.4—31.3) X 26.1 (24.4—29.6) 33.1 (31.3—36.5) X 22.6

(19.1 — 24.4) 1.7 83045

5 — 5 8 — 6

22. Scrophulariaceae

1 1 (56) PferffcM/arfs spicata Pall. ( 69 6—7) — : 15.7(13. 9 17.4) X 13.9(13.9— 15.7) 15.7(13.9— 15.7) X 19.1(15.7— 20.9)

Q.9 83068 7 — 9 1500 2 600

23. Solanaceae

2 2 (57) Capsicum annuum L. ( 69 8—10) o

- 88 • 8

26. 1(22.6 — 27.8) X 29.6(26.1 — 33.1); 29.6(26.1— 31.3) X 27.8(22.6 — 31.3)

1.7

3 2 6

50 — 80 5 — 7

(58) Lyci'um barbarum L. ( 69 11—13)

27.8(22.6—29.6) X 29.6(26.1 — 34.8) 29.6 (26.1 —

30.0) X 19.1(15.7— 29.6)

1.7 83 004

2.5 5 5 8 5 9 10 — 6 — 9 — 6

24. Tamaricaceae

1 2 (59) ramarrf* arcenthoides Bange. ( 69 14—15)

17.4(15.7—19.1) X 13.9(12.2— 15.7) 19.1 (15.7—20.9) X

17.4(15.7 — 19.1) 2.0

83071

1 3 . 5 — 6 (60) raTinxrf* chinensis Lour. ( 69 16—17) 20.9 X 20.9

20.9(20.8 — 24.4) X 20.9(17.4 — 24.4)

1.9 83003 4 5 7 — 8 30 , 10 — 20

89 • 25. Thymelaeaceae .

1 1 (61) Stellera chamaejasme L. ( 70 1—4) 20.9 (17.4— 22.6) 22.6(17.4—24.4)

12(8 — 14) 3.5

, 83035 20 — 50

26. Umbelliferae

, 4 4 '

1.6 — 3.4 . J.MuIler (1981) ""

4

1. /^e/M'cu/mn vulgare Mill. 1. , 2. Coriandrum sativ am L»

2. 3. , , Carum buriaticum Tur cz.

3. SpAW/erocar/nM gracilis (Bess.) K. -Pol. (62) Carum buriaticum Turcz. ( 70 5—7) 20.9(19.1 — 22.6) X 10.4(8.7 — 12.2

2 7. 8 ( 26 .1 — 29.6) X 12.2(10.4— U.9)

2.0

83053

36 — 60

• 90 • 7

(63) Coriam/rum sativum L. ( 70 8—11) 8.6(26.1 — 31.3) X 13.9(12.2-

31.3(29.6 — 33.1) X 13.9( 1 2.2 — 14.8)

2.1

4^ 83007 30 — 100 5 20 — 8 , — 2 5

(64) Foem'cu/um vulgare Mill. ( 70 12—15) 24.4

(22.6— 29.6)X 13.9(10.4 — 17.4) 33.1 (31.3—36.5) X 15.7(13.9—17.4)

3.5

83039 7 0.6 — 2 — 8 15 — 25

-

(65) Spkallerocarpus gracilis (Bess.) K. -Pol, ( 70 16— 19)

24.4 (20.9-

24.4) X 13.9(12.2— 15.7) 26.1 (24.4 — 27.8) X 13.9 (12.2 — 14.0)

1.6

83001

50 — 7 — 10

Valerianaceae ,

1 1 (66) fVrfrfm'cr rupestris (Pall.) Jass. ( 71 1—4) 38.3 (31.3 — — .

41.8) x 43.5(36.5— 48.7) 43.5(41.8—50.1) X 50.1(43.5—53.9)

4.4

2.6 83054

60

28. Zygophyllaceae

2 2 (67) Nitraria sibirica Pall. ( 71 10—12) 34.8 (33.1

36.5) X 26.1(24.4— 27.8) 36.5(35— 41.8) X 26.1(22.6— 27.8)

2.6

83017

0.5 — 2 5

6 (68) Pegotmmi harmala L. ( 71 5—9) 17.4

(15.7—17.4) X 17.4(17.4 — 19.1) 20.9 ( 19.1— 22.6) X 17.4(15.7— 17.4)

1.7 ; ; 83025 20 — 70 6 — 7

^ . ,

• 92 • 1978; 1983) , (1) Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms 3 Alang i aceae ) — 6 6—7

14 - , 1978)

(2) Tri pterygium wilfordii Hook. f.

Cel aS t raceae ) 3

6

26.1 — 31.3 26.1 — 33.1

[T. hypoglaucum (Uvl.) Hutch.]

15

tfi ft' 1978) (3) Rkododendron molle G. Don

1 4 Eri caceae ) 2 5

70 — 75

——

(4) Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. et Champ.) Benth.

Loganiaceae)

6-8 o

45 — 52.5 40 — 45 " ( 1978) ^

17 *. 1978)

(5) Aconitum carmichaeil Debx.

Ra nuncU l ace ae) 60 — 150

28.7 — 35.7 25.2 — 33.1

^•

(6) Mac/eaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. P apa Veraceae )

c

• 94 • 8*

18 : 1978)

23.4(18.2 — 24.7) 5 —

1 2.0 — 5.2 2

(7) Camellia sinensis O. Ktze. Theaceae)

19 , 1978) 20

36.1(34.2— 40) X 43.7(38 — 49.4)

1.5

(Jtellera chamaejasme L. Thymelaeaceae)

[ 1 ] , I960, , , [2] 1982, *

[3] 19 87 & ,7: 50 —52 1!>84 35 [4] , ^ , , 2( 4 ) —36 4 [5] 198 , 4(2): 87 — 102 1988 26—28 [6] ? , 19(2):

• 95 1 ::

198 4 3): 24 —25 19S5, , 9 85 d) 10(3) 257 —28U 8 978, —— 2 : — 10 " , 5( ) 0975, ,2( 4 ) 3 7 — 38 ,1982, , , 24(6) 499—504 198 11(1): 2 —3 1965 13(4): 339 —364 1966 14(2): 186 — 188 ,1979, GuttiferaO , 21(1);34 —41 ,1984, ,4(3): 69 —81 ,1983, , Caillas, A., 1976( 1981), —— , , Erdtman, G., 19^ ( ,1978), , , Krdtman, G., I 952 1962), , ( , Bcattie, A. J., 1971, Pollination mechanisms in Viola. New Phytol. 70: 343—360.

Bolick, M. R. 1981 Mechanics as an aid to interpreting pollen structure and function. Rev. Pa leer- bot. Palynol. 35(1): 61 79.

Brown, C. A. 1967, Pollen morphology of the Onagraceae. Rev. Paleobot. Palynol. 3: 163 180.

Clarke, G. C. S. et. al., 1979, Pollen morphology in the genus Pardoglossum with some observations on heterocolpate pollen. Rev. Paleobot. Palynol. 28(3/4): 301—309. Clarke, G. C. S. 1978, The Northwest European pollen flora, 10. Boraginaceae. Rev. Paleobot. Palynol. 24(2): NEPF 59—102.

Damblon, F. 1975 Sputtering, a new method for coating pollen grains in scanning electron micro- scopy. Tech. 15(1/3): 137 144. Elton, C. 1945 Honey from Ailanthus. Nature (Lond.) 145(1): 81.

Erdtman, G., 1935, Investigation of Honey pollon. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 29: 79 80.

Faegri, K. and P. Dense., 1960, Size variations in pollen grains with different treatments. Pollen et Spores 2(2) 293—298. Faegri, K. and L. Van der Piji" 1971, The principles of pollination ecology. Pergamon Press Ltd.

Haie, S. et al" 1977 Studies on the quality of honey and its analytical methods. 4. On the pollen analy-

sis of koney. Rep. Natl. Food Res. hist. Vol. 32.

Kremp, G. Q., 1968, Morphologic encyclopedia of Palynology. University of Arizona Press, Turson.

Lieux, M. H. 1975 Dominant pollen types recovered from commercial Louisiana honeys. Econ. Bot. 29 87—96.

Lieux, M. H. 1977, Secondary pollen types characteristic of Louisiana honeys. Econ. Bot. 31(2) 111—119.

Lieux, M. H. 1980, Acetolysis applied to microscpical honey analysis. Grana 19 : 57 61. Muller, J. 1979, Form and function in angiosperm pollen. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66: 593—632.

Muller, J., 1981 Exine architecture and function in some Lythraceae and Sonneratiaceae. Rev. Paleobot.

Palynol. 35: 93 123.

Nair, P. K. K., 1964, A pollen analytical study of Indian honeys. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 43(2) : 179

191. Niklas, K. J. 1985, Wind pollination—A study in controlled chaos. Araer. Scientist. 73: 462 470.

Nillson, S. and Muller, J. 1978, Recommended palynological terms and definations. Grana. 17: 55—

58.

Patel, J. J. J. Skvarla and P. H. Raven, 1983, Halfpseudocolpi, a unique feature of Olinia pollen.

Amer. J. Bot. 70: 469—473. Reitsma, Tj. 1970 Suggestions towards unification of descriptive terminology of angiosperm pollen

grains. Rev. Paleobot. Palynol. 10: 39—60.

Skvarla, J. J. 1 966, Techniques of pollen and spore electron * microscopy I. Staining, dehydration and

embedding. Ok lav Gcol. Notes. 26: 179 186.

Skvarla, J. J. & A. G. Kelley., 1968 Rapid preparation of pollen and spore cxines for electron mic- roscopy. Stain Tech. 43: 139— 144.

Skvarla, J. J. and Larson, D. A. 1965, An electron microscopic study of pollen morphology in the

compositae with special reference to the Ambroiseae. Grana Palynol. 6 : 210—269. Skvarla, J. J. and C. C. Pyle., 1968, Techniques of pollen and spore electron microscopy II. Ultramicro-

96 • tomy and associated techniques. Grana Palynol. 8: 225—270. f 48] Skvarla, J. J. P. H. Raven & J. Praglowski., 1975, The evolution of pollen tetrads in Onagraceae. Amer. J. Bot. 62(1): 6 35.

[49] Skvarla, J. J., P. H. Raven and J. Praglowski, 1976, Ultrastructural survey of Onagraceae pollen. Linn.

Soc. Symp. Ser. I: 447—479.

(50] Skvarla, J. J. and B. L. Turner, 1966 Systematic implications from electron microscopic studies of Com- positae pollen a review. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 53: 220—256. (51] Ting, W. S. 1966 Pollen morphology of Onagraceae. Pollen et Spores. 8(1 9 36.

152] Vishnu-Mittre et D. B. Sharma, 1963, Studies of Indian pollen grains II. Ranunculaceae. Pollen et Spo-

res. 5(2) 285—296.

[53] Vishnu-Mittre and H. P. Gupta, 1 964 Studies of Indian pollen grains III. Caryophullace&c. Pollen

ct Spores. 6(1) 99—112.

[54] Walker, J. W. 1 976, Evolutionary significance of the exine in the pollen of primitive angiosperms.

Linn. Soc. Symp. Ser. I: 283.

[55] Waterman, A. H. 1960 Pollen grain studies of the Labiatae of Michigan. Webbia. 15: 399— 415.

[56] Whitehead, D. R , 1969 Wind pollination in the angiosperms: evolutionary and environmental considera-

tions. Evolution, 23: 28 35. £57] Wodehouse, R. P 1935, Pollen grains. Mc-Graw-Hill, New York. 574p.

f7 • , ;

88 347

1 746

1953196319771985)

70

17 200 Grev

(1682) Molpighi(1687), 1875 Blackley 15 1916 Scheppegrell 1935 Wodehouse

1948 Wallis 20

1953)

46

• S8 • 2 — I 2

.

1) 2) 3)

1985

46 126

"" " ;

-

^ Erdtman)

50% 1 2 1%

50% 1 2 70%9 5 %100%

50°C

2% 1) 1

2) 0.1 / pH7.4) 4C

0.1 / 15 3) 4°C 30%50%70% 10 90% 15 100% 10 4) 30 4 0t 3:1) 37 40°C - 1 — 4 2

1) fit

99 - 40

(1) Houttuynia cordata Thunb. ( 72,1) . 21 X 12.6 23.1 X 16.8 8.4 X 6.3 3 , 1 1.4 43

4

(2) Casfanecr mollissima B1. ( 72,2) 3 18.9 (14.7 — 18.9) X 12.6

^10.5-12.6) 3 12.7 — 1.2 1.4 . 150

8 5 — 10 — 7

1600 . .

(3) Cflf^ornea seguinii Dode ( 72,3) 3 16.8 (14.7— 18.9) X

12.6 3 10.5 — 14.7 2.5 — 2.8

1.4 1.6

151 10 — 14

5 800 — 1400

• 100 • 1 —o

; (4) Castanea henryi (Skan) Rehd. et Wils ( 72,4) 3 6 .8 (14.7 — IS. 9 ) X 105

2.1 — 2 .9 (10.5-1 2.6) 3 : 1.6 . 149 . 5

'

(5) Quercus acatissima Carr. (;

^ 3 ;Ml (316—44.3) X 31.5 29.4-37.8) 3 29 0. 4 — 0.6 (

0101

5 4 4 4 5

1500 2800

(6) Quercus semicar pifolia Smith. ( 81 2) 3 27.3 (25.2

29.4) X 23.1(23.1 — 25.2) 3 3 17— 19.5

1.4 124 4 1 2

5 2500 — 3900

(7) Quercus mongolica Ficch. ( 817)

3 33.6 (31.5 — 39.9) X 33.6

(25.2 — 37.8) 3 3 25.7 — 26 1.4 ± .

• 101 • 4 —

6 — 7 5 8 — 6 . . 200 — 2200 (8) Quercus liaotungensis Koidz.

3 33.6(29.4

37.8) X 29.4 (29.4-35.7) 3 2 1 — 2 3 1.3± 139

3

600 — 2000

(9) Quercus variabilis B1. ( 81 ,3)

3 33.6 (29.4 — 42) X

3 3 . 6 ( 2 9. 4 — 2 ) 3 28.6

'0. 4 — 0. 6 127 2 4 — 5 6;

1 4

400 — 1600 2500

(10) Lithoearpus polystachyus Rehd. ( 72,5)

3 23. 1(21 — 25. 2) X

14.7(12.6-14.7) 3 17.4 — 19.8 1.8 — 2.5 , 1.3—1.4 194 2 — 3 400 1000 — 2300

(11) MemoWa/fs hirta (Bl.) Wedd ( 72,6)

• 102 • 7 2 —94

12.6— 14.7) M.7 3 — 4

, 1.5 — 1.8 1 1.2 , 5 , 3 —5 7 5 — 8

lii .

(12) Ce/o«'a cristata L. ( 72,7—8) 29.4 X 33.6 3 — 4 17 — 21 83

5 7—

(13) Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. ( 729 866)

3 9 . 4 ( 2 7. 3 — 31.5) X 29.4

< 2 7.3 — 3 ( — 4) 2.1 — 2.6 - 35 3, 5 8 6 « .

(14) Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. ( 81 ,8) 3 73.5(60.9 — 75.6) X 65.1 (56.7—

73.5) 3 6.3 — 6.8 6.3 — 7.8 ' 54

o

• 103 • —. 3

. ; (15) Stellaria media (L.) Cyr. ( 7210; 81 6) 30 — 34.5 5 12 — 8 10 — 16

4.8

7o j= t ^ ^ t.i' 4

7

(16) DfarifAeis super bus L. ( 80910;846)

35.7 — 50.4 12

5 — 6.3 10 — 12 4.2 — 6.3 0062

5 5 8 10 — 9

3 (17) Aconiium carmichaeli Debx. ( 72,11 — 12;81 9) 94

(18) 5er6eri's dasystachya Maxim. ( 72,13;81 ,4)

1.8 • 42.5(27.5 — 47.5) — 2.0 2.0± 0003 15 — 30 6 5 6 — 7 1700 2 500

• 104 • —

(19) Berber is heteropoda Schrenk ( 721417) 45(42.5 — 47.5)

1.2 — 1.5 2 — 2.2 000 2 , — 3; 6; 6 6,

2000

(20) Diphyiieia sinensis L Schm. ( 72 5—16)

3

35(30 — 40) X 40(32.5-42) 3 1—1 1.5± 0051

6 6; 6

5

^ (21) Dysosma pleiantha Woods. ( 7218— 19)

.

3 50(40 — 52.5) X

32.5(27.5 — 37.5) 3 3.5

2

5 — 8 6;

6 2 6 4 6

600 — 1600

(22) Jsffemnia dubia (Maxim.) Benth. et Hook. f. ( 72 2123)

3 32.5(30

X 22 .5(1 5 — 2 35) 5) ; 3 2.7—3.0 2.9± , - 56

• 105 - — 2

6 4 —8 4 8 5 , . (23) Nanclina domestica Thunb. ( 722022)

3 35 (28.5— 3 7.5) X 25(22-

27.5) 3

2.2 — 2.5 0047

3 6 6 5 — 7 .

(24) Caulophyllum robustum Maxim. = Leontice robustum ( 73,1 — 2)

3 47.5 (42.5 — 52.5) X 35 3 (32.5 4 0) 3 — 4

2.5 — 3 0048

3 — 4; 3_6 6; 6 4 2 6 1700

(25) Sinopodophyllum emodi Wall. var. chinense Sprag. ( 72,24)

85— 95 52 3 — 57 ; 3 — 4 2.9 0049

6

4 6 5

(26) E pimsdium acuminatum Pranch. ( 73,3—4)

3 37.5(27.5 —

38) X 30(22.5-32.5) 3 2.9

106 • , —

2.0 - 0031 10 — 15 8 ; 4 4 4_5 2 70 — 1900

(27) E pimedium brevicornum Maxim. ( 73,56)

3 37.5

(35-40) X 30(25-32.5) 3 2.1 2.0± ; - 0038 6 , , — 7 650 — 3500

(28) g E pimedium sagittatum Maxim (Sieb. et Zacc.) ( 73,7—8)

'

3 32.5 (30- 37.5) X 27.5(25-30) 3 2.7 , 2.0 - 0036 , 2 3 200 800

(29) Afagno/fa denudata Desr. ( 79,16—17) 2 4 9.5 (45—49.5) X 24 24 — ( 27 ) , 2.0 8 2 — 3

(30) Ckelidoni majus L. ( 73,9—10) 3 !^ 27.2

• 107 • (24-32) X 22.4(22.4 — 33.6) 3 16 2.1 W 1.6 24 5 — 7

(31) Coryt/flt/fs bungeana Turcz. ( 73,11—12) 35.2(35.2 — 38.4) X 35.2(35.2 — 36.8)

3 6 17

2 1.6 25 4 5

— (32) Meco/w>p«'s integrifolia (Maxim.) Franch. ( 8011 12)

44.1(35.7 —56.2)

2.7

2.1— 2.9

3 6 1 — 4 —8, 7 — 8 .

(33) Sinapis alba L. ( 73, 3—1 4) 3 33.6 (33.6-36.8) X 31.7

8 (28. — 33.6) 3 2

4 4.6 26

6 4 4 — 4 , 6

(34) Brassica juncea (L.) Czsrn. st Coss. ( 7315— 16)

— . 3 22 . 4 (20.8-24) X 20.8(19. 2 22 4 )

2.9 — 3.2 ', 27

• 108 • 2 —

4 — 6 , , ;

(35) Thlaspi arvense L. ( 803;849)

3 21(18.9 2 5. 2 ) ; 3 2.5 0063 4 , 4 4 64 2 7

(36) SaxifTttga stolonifera Meerb. ( 73,19— 20;82,1) — — 2 . 4 ( 2 0. 8 2 4) X 2 4 ( 24 2 7. 2 ) 3

1.9 32 6 — 7

(37) DfcAroa febrifuga Lour. ( 7317— 18)

3 23.1 (21 —

23.1) X 18.9(18.9—21) 3 3 3 1.4—1.6 7 0 10 — 12, 6 — 7

(38) Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai ( 73, 21—22; 82,2)

3 32.4(30 — 36) X 24.6(22.5-28.5) 3 ( 3 , 1.6—2.1 10 3 — 4

• 109 « o

c

(39) /?osa vugosa Thunb. ( 73,23—24) 3 ; 35.7 (31.5—37.8) X 29.4(23.1-31.5) 3 2.5— 3.1 , 2.1 84 5 , 4 6

(40) Rosa ckinensis Jacq. ( 7325— 26) 3 0%

35.7— 39.9) X (31.5-37.8) 3 28—34 6

2.1 79 ,

.

80,7— (41) Rubus idaeopsis Focke ( 8 ;84 ,5)

3 27.3(23.1

—25.2) X 16.8(16.8— 23.1) 3 2.5-3.2 0064

5 5

2 4

C (42) Caesccipinia sepiaria Roxb. ( 74,1—3)

6 (35.7-37.8) X ( 4 2 — 44.1) 3 — 8

7

2.1 — 2.6 le> 9

5 5; 10,

4 10

no • (43) Al bizia julibrissin Durazz. ( 73,29—31) 16 16 92.4 50.4 4 6 si

6 5 ; — 7

(44) SophoTa japonica L. ( 73,27—28) 3 3

2.1 1.5 — 2.0 91 ' 10,9 7—8

(45) Geram'um wilfordii Maxim. ( 74 31;83 5) 3 59.2(54 — 64) X 64(62.4-70.4) 3 , 3.6 , 3.2 , 1.12 1.76 23 — , 2 , 1 5 6

(46) £i'nam usitatissimum L. ( 74 32— 35;83 ,8) 65. 6 ( 6 4 — 70. 4 ) X 62.4(57.6-64) 3

4 .8 31

5 6 5 5 , 5 — 7 , ;

• 111 • l —

(47) C/

(16.8 — 18.9) 3 45 1.7 — 1.9 - 157 4 4 5 ; 5 4 8 — 10 5

(48) Zanthoxylum simulans Maxim. ( 74,1617) 3 25.2 (21-27.3) X 21

(18.9— 23.1) 3 4— 6

1.7 — 1.9 159

4 ; 8 5 3 — 7 , — 5 600 — 2600

(49) Polygala tenuifolia L. ( 74 ,22— 23 ,28) 30.5 (26.3-

30.5) X 26.3(23.1-28.4) 16 — 18

1.8 — 2.1 H7 5 8 — 7

(50) Berchenia polyphylla Wall. var. leioclada H.-M 74,20— 21;82,6) ( — 7 .6(n. 6 — 19. 2 ) X 2 0.8(1 9 . 2 2 0. 8 ) 3 , 1.2

• 112" (51) Zizi phus jujuba Mill. Var. spinosus ( 74,18 19) 16.8 (14.7 — 21)X

18.9(16.8— 23.1) 3

1.8 — 2.1 151 2 — 3 5 ; 5 4 5 5 2100 "F

C

(52) Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc. ( 74,24—25) 23.1 — 33.6 24

1.8 — 2.1 2.1 — 3.2 82 3 — 7 . 3 8 — 5 . . . 400 —800

(53) Tetrapanax papyriferus (Hook.) Koch ( 74,26—27)

31.5(29.4 — 33.6) X 25.2(23.1-

27.3) 3 2.7 — 3.3 7 7 4

4 8 2800

(54) Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ( 74 ,4;824)

# 8 ^

• 113 • 7

— 44.8(44.8—46.4) X 19.2(19.2 —20.8) 16— 17.6 ; 3

2.9 28 15 5 — 20 — 7 -

(55) Foem'cu/um vulgare Mill. ( 74 5— 6;82 9) 91 . (56) Cenfea asiatica (L.) Urb. ( 74,7— 8)

29.4(23.1 —

29.4) X 18.9(18.9-21) 3

2.5 — 3 . 7 2.9 42 3 23 — 6 e - 7_8

(57) h Daucus carota L. ( 7413;83,1)

63.6(29.4-37.8) X 21(16.8 — 21) 3 , 2.7 — 3.1 3.4 ^ 45 6 —

(58) £ Angelica dahurica var. formosana 5han et Yuan ( 74,9—10)

3 31.5 (29.4-

31.5) X M.7(12.6 — H.7) 3 i 0.8 — 1.2 ; 73

• 114 • I

H 4 — 6 5 5 — 6

. (59) Corfant/ r«m sativum L. ( 74,11 — 12) 91

(60) JVoto pterygium forbesii Boiss ( 74, 29—30) 2 7.3( 2 5.2 — 2 9. 4 )X

21(18.9— 21) 3 3.5—4 0056

5 , 5 5 , 7 — 8

(G1) Noto pterygium incisum Ting ( 75 1 3) 25.2 X 18.9

3 4—4.5 ' 1.5 — 1.8 0057 20 — 30

5, 5 5 2 8 — 9

(62) Ligusticum sinense OHv. cv. Chuanxiong Hoot, (Qiu et a/.)

Shan et 75 ; 82 Pu ( , 4—6 8) 8

44.1(39.9 — 46.2) X 23.1(21 — 25.2) 3

16.8 — 2 5.2 4.2

5 — 7 ; 59 5 5 7 5 2 — 8

(63) Ligusticum brachylobum Franch ( 75 7)

'

* 115 * —

3 31.5 (29.4 — 35.7) X 18.9

(16.8— 23.1) 3 — 2 9.4 4.2 2.1 — 2.7 - 235 25 — 30

5 8 , 5 — 9

(64) Cnidium monnieri(h.) Cuss. ( 75 8) 3 23.1 (21 —

25.1) X 14.7(14.7— 16.8) 3 12.6— 18.9 2.6 3.1 2.1 — 2.8 - 249

5 , 4 5 , 7

1.3% ,

(65) I^gusfi'cum sinense Oliv. ( 75 9—10; 83, 3) , , 42 X 16.8 56.7 X 31.5 3

2.3 — 2.8 212

5 5 2 , 7 — 8

3-

(66) Z^gnsfi'ctim jeholense Nakai et kitag. ( 75, 12)

3 42 X 23.4

3 - 218 ; 5 5 7— 9

• 116 • o

(67) Ligusticum tenuissimum (Nakai) Kitag. ( 75, 11) 3 56.7 X 29.4 - 3 216

(68) Z^'gtiWi'cum delavayi Franc h. ( 75 13; 83, 2)

3 2 9. 4 (27.3 — 31.5) X 16.8

(14.7— 16.8) 3 4±

2.3 — 2.6 211

(69) Helwingia japonic" (Thunb.) ( 75 14—15) 3 2 5. 2 — 33.6 X 18.9 — 25.2 3

1.2 — 1.3 22 , 3 —5

1000 — 2000

(70) CerafosffgTmi minus Stapf ex Priain ( 75 16 21 ; 83 10 ' 3 53.4(45 — 59.5) X 57.9(46.7— 66.3) 3

2.0 1.8 1.2 61 ; 5 5

(71) CerafosfigTitci willmottianum Stapf ( 75 17)

74.5(54.6 — 81.9) 2.3 ; 2.3 1.8 62

5 4 5 ^ 6

• 117 • (72) Cerato stigma plumbaginoid es Bunge ( 75,20) 3 4 55.9

(46.2-63) X 67.2(48.3— 75.6) 3(— 6)

2.1 — 2.4 1.2 1.1 53

5 5 ; 7

(73) Plumbago indica L. ( 75 22) 3 57.6 (52.5 — 63) X 47.9

(42— 60.9) 3 2.5

2 .1 1.4 83

5 5 5

(74) Plumbago zeylanica Linn. 75 23—24) ( , 3( — 4) 51. 3 (47. 9 — 63) X 62

(46.2— 71.4) 3( — 4) 2.9± 2.5 1.8± 84

5 9 5 5 10

(75) Plumbagella micrantha (Ledeb) Spach ( 75 18—19, 83, 10)

3 37.5(33.6 — 46.2) X

40.4(35.7— 46.2) 3 2.1 ±

1.7 ± 1.3 ± 86

(76) Lfmom'um aureum (L.) Hill ( 76 1 — 2)

• 118 • 3 53.4(4 4 .1— 58.8)X

63(56.7— 65.1) 3 3.8

3.2 1.8 69

7 5 — 9

(77) "nwm'um gmelinii (Will) Q. Ktze ( 76 3—4; 83, 9)

3 45.8 (44.1-

50.4) X 51.6(48.3 — 56.7) 3 5.0

2.3 4.5 70

5 5

(78) Li'mom'um bicolor (Bunge) Q. Ktze ( 76 5—6)

3 76.9(60.9— 84) X

68.4(65.1— 77.1) 3 6.3 2.4 5.1 71 , 5 ; 5 6 — 10

(79) Limonium sinensis (Girard) Q. Ktze ( 76 7)

3 55.5(50.8 — 69.3) X

6 9 .3(60. 9 — 3 6.3

2.1 5.1 81

2

5 5

6 — 10

' 11') • —

(80) Forsytkia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl. ( 76 9—10) 3 27 X (27-28.5) 3 3 — 3.2 ; 11 3 — , 5 ,

(81) Bud dieja officinalis L. ( 76 8) 3 18.9(16.8

23.1) X 14.7(12.6— 14.7) 3 3 2.1

1.4 1.6 89

2 4 4 — 3

(82) GenHa/w rhodantha Franch. ( 76 13—14) 3 48(41.6 — 48) X 40(33.6 — 40) 3 3.2 — 3.6 -

9— 10

(83) Gentiana regenscens Fr. ( 76 11—12; 84, 10) 3 33.6(3 2 — 4 0) X 24(22.4 —

27.2) 3 2.9—3.2

19

9 10 '

• 120 (84) Gentianct macro phylla Pall. ( 76 15—16)

3 31.5(25. 2 —

35.7) X 29.4(21 — 31.5) 3 3.1 —

3.3 71 , ; 5 7 5 ; 6 — 8

3000

(85) Trachelos permum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem. ( 76 19 20; 84, 2) 39(33.6 — 46.2) ; 18 1.3 30 5 — , 7

(86) Peri ploca septum Bge. ( 77 19—21)

75.6 X 37.8—79.8 X 316 92.4 X

31.5—94.5 X 29.4 60.9 X 52.5—63 X 42 50.4 X

39.9—50.4 X 4 2 37.5 X 23.1—37.8 X 21

3 — 5 11 16 3.4 1.9 2.1 ; 46 , 5

(87) Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy ( 76 17—18 S5 46) 105 — 147 ; 13.7 — 14.7

10.5 6.3 49

• 121 • — —

1 3 5

5 5

(88) Pkarbitis pur purea(L.)Woigt ( 76 21—22; 85, 3, 5) 111.3 — 201.6

7.3 — 8.4 12.6

16.8 6.7 "" "" 50

1 5

1 — (89) V"ejc nsgundo L. ( 77 2) 3 23.1 X

(1S.9 — 23.1) 3 178 5 ; 4,2 7 — 8

(90) Or^anam vuigare L. ( 77 3—4; 84, 8) 80

(91) Pmnella vulgaris L. ( 77, 6—7) 6

46.2(39.9—48.3) X 37.3(25. 2 — 48.3) 6 2.8—

3.2 3 — 3.2 39 5 7

(92) Ajtxga decumbens Thunb. ( 77, 5 10) 3 37.8(3 5 .7 42 ) X

• 122 • 3 —

27.3(25.2 — 33.6) 3 —2.7 - 47 3 — 6 360 — 1400

(93) Leonurus japonicus Houtt. ( 77 8—9) 3 23.1 ( 2 1 — 2 3.1) X 21(21-

25.2) 3 1.9 2 .1 — - 68 3 4 2

*— 8 ^ (94) Mentha haplocalyx Briq. ( 77 11 — 13) 6 — 8 29.4(23.1 31.5) X 29.4(23.1 — 31.5) 6 — — ; 8 1.1 1.6 ; 74

5 2 4 8_10

. (95) Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino ( 77 " 18)

3 33.6 (27.3

33.6) X 3 3 . 6 ( 2 1 — 3 .6) 3

2.1 37

123 • 4 3

(96) Anisodus lurid us Link et Otto var. ficheriana ( 77, 15)

2 — 46.2 X 31.5 — 37.8 3

1.6 — 1.9 12

5 5 ; 5 — 6 2400 — 2 00

(97) Z^ci'um barbarum L. ( 77,16—17) 89

(98) Dafuror metel L. ( 78 ,22) 42—46) X (37.8 —46.2) 3 , 2.3 — 2.8 ,— 10 86 5 3 — 11

(99) Camp«'s grandifiora (Thunb.)Loisel. ( 77,22—24)

3 4 35.7(29.4— 37.8) X 27.? (27.3— 3( — 4) , 1.8 — 2.1 ,87

5 ; 4, 2 2 7—9

(100) Rostjdltdaria procumbens (L.)Nees ( 781) , 53 — 62 ( 3.4 48

4 5;

• 124 • 2 2 8 —

11

e D

(101) Sambucus chinensis Lindl. ( 782—4)

3 23.1

(18.9—23.3) X 21(16.8— 21) 3 , 2.1 70 ; 5 5 5, 8

(102) lom'cem japonica Thunb. ' ( 78,5—6) — ; 60.9 —71.4 ; 3 5 6 ; 2.8 — 3.2 85

2— 3 5, 5 —7

(103) Trichosantkes kirilowii Maxim. ( 78,17) 3 18.9 (16.8-21) X 16.8

(14. 7 — 16.8) 3 2.1—2.6

2.1 41 , 12 , 3 6 7

• 125 • 55O

, (104) Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem. ( L. acutangula (L.) 78 — Roxb.) ( 7 8) 3 iU5(93 — 1 17.6) X

100.8(94.5 — 111.5) 3 , 4.2 — 4.6 ,52 5 5 2 5—7

C B

(105) Bem'ncasa hispida (Thunb.)Cogn. ( 78,9) 3 63(54.6 —71.4) X 56.7(50.4 —67.2) 3 , 3.8-4.2 53 , 5 ; 5—6 ; 5 3 2

C

(106) — Solidago virga-aarea L. ( 78 ,10—11 ;823) 3 24(22.5 — 24) 3

5 4.8 4 2.4 ) 15 5

10

(107) Asfer tataricus L. f. ( 78,14 ;825) 3 27 — 28.5) X (24— 27) 3 2 5 — 3 — 6 2.7 (

5 8

• 126 • (108) Kalimeris indica (L.)Sch. -Bip. ( 78,12)

3 25.8 — 30) X (27 — 30) 3 6 4.8 3.2 — 7 2.9 ( ) 14

(109) •Sfegres^recWa orientalis L. ( 78,15 — 16) 3 23.1 —33.6 ( 3 3.2 — 3.8 4.4 5.5 2.5 — 3.2 5 72

8 5 5 — 10

(110) Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. ( 78,18) 3 29.4 — 37.8 3

4.2

6 88

5 9— 11

(111) CArj^anMenmm indicum L. [ 78: 18( ]

3 2 5. 2 — 33.6) 4 93

5 5 9 10

• 127 • (112) rMSss'/agro farfara L. ( 78,13) 3 31.5 — 37.8 3

5 — ( 6.3 5 90

5 5, 2 — 3 10 — 2

1000 — 2000

(113) Vladimiria souliei (Franch.) Ling ( 80 ,4 ;84 4)

60.9 — 65.1 3

4 0060 6 — 8 ;

3500 —4500

(114) Vladimiria souliei var. cinerea ( 80,1 — 2;843) 35.7 — 48.3 3

61

(115) Aornmm L. ( Artemisia a pi ace a Hance) (

3 18.9 — 25.2 3 4 2 — 4 , , 5 3 5 58 , ; 7 5 — 10 200 — 1500 A

• 128 • B 8 —

(116) ( Typha angusHfolia L. ( 7\ oriental" Presl) ( 78,19—21) 23.1(18.9 2 5. 2 ) • — ; 3—4 , 1.8 2.7 19092, 2 2 6 7 — 3 — 3 —7 — 8

8 — 9

; 1 82 <3

(117) Sagittaria sagittifolia L. ( 79,1—2) — ; 23.1(21 25.2) ; , 1.5 — 2.5 ; 183 3 — 5 , 3 —5 — , 5 9

B

'

(118) Zea mays L. ( 79,11)

94.5(71.4 — 105)

8.4 — 12.6 2.1 ± 0001

2

6— 9

t B2 B

(119) CoTnme/t'ncz communis L. ( 79 3 ;863) 56.7

50.4 42 2.1

2 .4 38 , '

• 129 • a

(120) Po^^omrfum odoratum (Mill.)

Druce 79,6—7 ;86,2)

48(43. 2 —54.8) X 32(24 —33.6)

2.1 17 4 1 2 8 5

A

(121) Afum tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng ( 79,8— 10;86,1 4)

44.1(39.9 —42) X 25.2(23.1 — 27.3) 2.5 — 2.7 ; 55 6

(6 — 7

(122) Paris chinensis Franch. ( 79,4—5) 61.5 ± 29.4 ±

3.2 2.1 36 6 — 7 1800 — 3200

(123) ^^Ophiopogon japonicus L. f. Ker-Gawl. ( 7913 15)

56.7 — 60.9 2.5 — 3.6 69

1 3

6 7

(124) Fritillaria cirrhosa Don. ( 80,13 ;867)

• 130 . 9 0.1_9 5.1 50 — 56

2.1 — 2.6 0066 , 6 6 5— 6 ^

(125) Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. ( 79,12 ;865) t 72 35.2 i 1.3 - 16 3—8 4-5 800 — 1500

. (126) ( PimM spp. ( 80,5—6) 58.8 — 118

106

3 — 5

1.

(1) 43. A!biziiL julibri,,in (2)

1) 12S. Bletilla striata

2) 86. Periploca sepium

3) 25. Sinopodophyllum emodi var. chinense ^

L (1) 32. jgj Meconopsia integrifolia

• 131 • (2)

1) 100. Rosteltularia procambenm 2) 18. Berberis dasystachya

19. B. heteropoda Typha anguatifolia (3) 116. ( /. orientalist 118. Zea mays

(4) 3 1. Houttuynia cordata

(5)

1) 120. Polygonatam odoratum 122 . Paris chinenaia 29. Magnoli* denndata

124. Fritillaria cirrhoaa

123. Ophiopogon japonicus

2) 119. Commelina communis

3) 121. Alliwun tuberosum

CO 3

1) 46. Linum usitatissinam

30. Chelidonium majus

17. Aconitum cor michaeli

5» Qaercus acutissima

7* Q.mongolica

8. Q* liaotungensis

9. Q. variabilis 26. Epimedium acuminatum 27.^ E. brevicornum 28. ^ E sagittatum 92, Ajuga decumbens

13. Phytolacca acinosa

2) 21. Dysosma pleiantha

31, Corydalis bungeana

24. Caulophyl I um robustum

33. Sinapia alba

23, Nandina domestica 93. Leonurus japonicus 89' Vitex negundo 34. Brassica juncea

35. Thlaspi arvense

105. Bert .ncasa; hispida 14 » Nelumbo nucifera 76. Limonium aareum 77. L. gmelinii

78. L. bicolor

79. L m sinensis

• 132 C -

45»{§ Geranium wilfordii 3) - 22. Jefhr'onia dubia 4) 36. Saxifraga stolonifera 20. Diphylleia mnensia

5) 75. Plumbagella micrantha 73. Plumbago indica

70* eratoatigma min us Plumbago xeylanica

72 • Ceratostigrna plumbeginoides

(7)

1) 6 90, Origanum vulgare

91, Prunella vulgaris haplocalyx 2) 6— 8 94* Mentha willmottianum 3) 71. (ft Ceeatostigma

(8) 3

1) 6. Querciw semicarpifolia

2) Helwingia japomca

96. Anisodus laridus

(9) 3

1) 2. CaWa/iM molliBBima 3 Caeguinii

4. C henryi

10. Lithocarpua polystachyu%

officinalis 81 • Buddleja

2) 56. Centdla asiatica 95* Physaiis alkekengi

47» Claasena lansium

103. Trichosanthea kirilowii 3) - 82. Gentiana rhodantha 40. Rosa chinena^

5S« Foeniculum vulgare

62 • Ligusticum sinense

65. * sinensis

66. L jeholense

61, Notopterygiant inetsum 60. N forbesii 64, Cnidlum monnieri 63, Ligusticum brachylobum 67» Ligusticum tenuissimum

68, L. dalavayi

4) • SO. Berchenia potyphylla

54. Glehnia littorali»

99, Campsis grandiflora

• 1" 53. Tetrapanax papyrfferas

104, Luffa acutangula

80* Forsythia saapensa 42. Caesalpinia aepiaria 84. Gentiana macrophylla

41« Z?u6a« idaeopsia

101, Sambucas cfunensia

37 • Dichroa febrifuga

51- Zizyphus jujuba var. Bpinosus

44. Sophora japonica

S7, Daucua carota

48, Zanthoxylum simulans

S9. Coriandrum sativum

58* Angelica dahurica

5) 9S. metei

39. Rosa vugosa 38, : Chaenomeles speciosa

Genti ana regenscemt 83 •

97, Lycium barbar am

6) 102* Lonicera japonica

113. Vladimiria aouliei

1". Vm souliei var. cienrea 109 Siegesbechia orientali^

112. Tussilago farfara

110. Chrysanthemum morifolium

111. C. indicum

106. Solida20 oirga'aurea

107, Aster tatarte as

108. Kalimeris indica

115* Artemifna apt ace a

(10) 16— 18 49. Potygala MnuJolia

(U) 3

1) 11 A^morW'* hirta

IS. Stellaria media

12* Celosia crista ta

2) 16* Dianthus superbus

52, Daphne genkwa jasminoidea 3) 85, Trachelospermam

4) S7.^ Pharbit" nil

88 -{Ml P' purpurea sagittifotia 5) U7. Sagittaria Pi 3. 126.

• 134 • )

1, Saururaccae

(1 ) Houttuynta cor data Thuab

2. Fagaceae

(2) Castanea mollisstma BL.

(3) Castanea seguinii Dodc

(4) Castanea henryt (Skan) Rehd. ct Will (5) ( Quercus acutisstma Carr. (6) Quercus semtcarpifolia Smith

(7) Quercus mongolica Fisch.

(8) Qtterctis liaotungensts Koidz.

(9) Quercus Variabilis Bl. (10) Ltthocarpus Polystachyus Rehd.

3. Verticaceae

(11) Memorialis hirta (Bl.) Wcdd

4, Amaranthaceae

(12) Celosia cristata L. 5* Phy tolaccaceae (13) Phytolacca actnosa Roxb.

6. Ny mphaeaceae ,

(14) Nelumbo nucijera Gaerta

7, Caryophy llaceae

(15) Stellarta media (L.) Cyt.

(16) Dianthus superbus L. g« Ranunculaceae

(17) Aconttum carmtchaeli Debx. Berberidaceae

(18) Berber" dasystachya Maxim.

(19) B. heteropoda Schrcnk

(20) Diphylleia sinensis Li Schm. (21) Dysosma pletantha Woods.

(22) Jejfcrsonia dubta (Maxim.) Benth. et Hook f.

(23) Nandina domestic a Thunb.

(24) Caulophyllum robustu m Maxim. (25) (_) Sinopodophyllum emodt Wall. var. chinense Sprag. (26) Epimcdtum actttmnatum Pranch.

(27) £. brevicomum Maxim. (28) ^ E. sagiuatum (Seib.et Zucc) Maxim. 10. MagnoUaceae

(29) Magnolia denudata Desr.

11, ^1 Papaveraceae

• 135 • )

30) Chelsdonium majus L.

31) Cory d alts bungeana Turcz.

32) Meconopsis intcgrijolia (Maxim) F ranch. Cmciferae

33) Sinopis alba L.

34) Br assic a juncea (L.) Czera. ct Coss.

35) Thlaspi arvense L. Saxifragaceae

36) Saxifraga stolonijera Meerb.

37) Dithroa febrifuga Lour, R° saceae 38) ( Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) NakAi 39) ^ a vugosa Thunb.

40) R* chtnensts J acq.

41) Rub us tdaeopsis Focke Laguminosae

42) Cocsalpinia sept art a Roxb.

43) Albizia julibrissin Durazz 44) Sophora japonica L. Geraniaceae

45) Geranium wiljordii Maxim. Linaceae

46) l^num tisitatisstnum L. Rutaceae

47) Clausena lansium (lour. ) Skeels

48) Zanthoxylutn simulans Maxim. Polygalaceae

49) Poly gala tenutjolia L. Rhamnaceae

50) Berchenia polyphylla Wall. Var. letoclade

51) Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosus Thymelacaceae

52) Daphne genkw^ Sieb. et Zucc Araliaceae

53) Tetrapanax papyriferus (Hook.) Koch. Umbelliferae

54) Glehnia littoral" Fr. Schmidt et Miq.

55) Foentculum vulgare Mill.

56) Ccntella asiattca (L.) Drb.

57) Dauct" carota L.

58) 2£ Angelica d a hurt c a var. taiwaniana

59) Coriandrum sativum L.

60) Notopierygtum fori? est i Boiss

• 136 • -

61) Notopterygium i n cists m Ting

62) "^ Ligusticum stncnse Oliv. CV- Chuanxiong Hoot. (Qiu et aL) Shan ct Vu

63) Jlj Ugusttcum brachylobum Franch.

64) Cindtum monnieri (L. ) Cuss.

65) Ugusttcwm sinense O liv.

66) Ltgustt cum leholense Nakai et Kitag

67) L. tenutsstmum (Nakai) Kitag.

68) . dalava\t Franch

24 Cornaceae

69) Helwingia fapontca (T^unb.) Dietr.

25 Plumbaginaceae

70) Ccratosttgma minus Siapf ex Praia

71) C wtllmottiantim Stapf

72) C. piumbagtnotdes Bunge

73) Plumbago tndtca L.

74) Plumbago zeylantca Linn

75) Plumba^ella mtcraniha CLedeb) Spach

76) Limonutm aurenm (L. ) Hill

77) L gmellimt (Will.)Q. Ktze

78) [fil L. b: color (Bunge) Q. Ktzc

79) L. // nensts (Girard)Q. Ktze

26 Oleaccae -

80) Forsythta suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl.

27 Loganiaceae

81) officinalis L.

28 Gentianaceae

82) Genii ana rhedantha Franch.

83) G. regenscens Fr.

84) C. macrophylla Pall.

20 Apocynaceae

85) Trachelospermum jasmtnoides (Lindl.) Lem.

30 Asclepiadaceae

86) Periploca septum Bge. .

31 Convovulaceae ,..

\.>:VI.... 87) Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy - 88) P. purpurea (L.)Voigt ^ 32 Verbcnaceac

89) Vitex negundo L.

33 Labiatac

90) Origanum vulgare L.

91) Prunella vulgaris L.

92) Ajug a decumbens Thunb.

93) Leonurtis heterophyllus

• 1*7. (94) Mentha haplocalyx Briq.

34. Solanaceae

(95) Phys"" alkekengi L. var. franchetis (Mast.) Makine

(96) Anisodtts lurtdus Link, ct Ctto var. jicherianm

(97) t Lyctum barb arum L. (98) Datura metel L.

35. Bignoniaceae

(99) Campsis grandijlora (Thunb. ) LoiseL

36* Acanrhaceae

(100) Rostellularta procumbens (L. )Nee$

37, Caprifoliaceae

(101) Samb"c"s

(102) Lonicera japonic a Thunb. 38* Cucurbitaceae

(103) Trtchosanthes ktrtloivtt Maxim.

(104) 7JC Luifa cyltndrtca (L. )Roem.

(105) Bentncasa his pi da (Thunb.) Coga.

39* Compositae (106) — Soli da go virga-aurea L. (107) Aster tat art cm L.f. (108) Kalimens tndtea (L. )Sch.-Bip.

(109) Stegcsbechta on en (a its L.

(110) Chrysanthemum mortioUum Ra mac

(111) C. indtcum L.

(112) Tt""lo^> farfara L.

(113) Vlodimtria soultes Ling

(114) V. Soultet var. ctnereo

(l 15) Arte mist a a ptacca Ha nee

40. Typhaceae

(116) Thpyn angusttiolta L.

41 • Alismataceae

(117) Sagittaria sagitt\olta L.

42. Gramineae

(118) Zea mays L.

43* 55 Commelinaceae

(119) 55 ^ommelina com mums L.

44. Liliaceae

(120) Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce

(121 ) Allium tuberosum Rottl. (122) Pans chtnensts F ranch.

(123) Ophwpogon japontcus Ker-Ga wl, (124) Frtttllarta cirrhosa Don Orchidaceae 45. f (125) Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. L

46.fe|4 Pinaceae

(126) P'"'" ;PP-

1 , 1985 , [2] 1979, , 3] , , 1982, , [ 4 , , 1979 [5] 1985,

1" • 6 I 16 75 3

1 £ 126 6 8

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127 ^1 2 19 57 6 19 49 42 105 o 78 45 2 3? 67,78,79 69,88 57 122 U4

127 39 84

116 H.41 7 67 7 8 7

106 oo If n I a- 2,19,23 1 9 5 6 19 1 ?8 3 9 2 136 2 3, 5 «?

9 2 78 8 7 5 7 o 67,78,81 n 2 1 37 S 6 7 135 3 7 1 4

• 142 • 1 1 44

Artemisia commutata 43 A Artemisia commutata var. helmiana

l 5 2,10 Artemisia desertorum 43

Abies delavayi 1 Artemisia devcrsa 47 Abies ernestii var. salouenensis Artemisia dracunculus 41 Abiei fabri 11 Artemisia eriopoda 38

Abies fargesii 1 Artemisia jeddei 37

Abies j axontana 12 Artemisia freyniana 45 Abies ferreana 12 Artemisia frigid a 38

Abies firma 12 Artemisia i rigid a 46 Abia forrcstis 12 Artemisia giraldii 40

Abies gcorgei var. smith si 13 Artemisia gmclinii 45 4bies nephrolepis 13 Artemisia halodendron 44 Abies nu^iangcnsis 13 Artemisia hedinii 48

Abies re cur vatQ 1 Artemtfia ignsaria 48

.lbies squamaia 1 Artemisia intc^rsf olia 42 Acantbaceae 138 Artemisia intramongolsca 42

. leer cappadocicum var. sinicum 57,70 Artemisia ^acutica 37 Aceraceae 69 Artemisia japonica 42 Aconitum 87 Artemisia /^eis^cana 38 iconitum carmichaeil 94,104 Artemisia laciniata 47 Aconitum gymnandrum 67,87 Artemisia lacriflora 50 Aconitum pendulum 67 87 Artemisia lagoce phala 46 Aesculus hi ppocastanum 57 Artemisia latifolia 44 Ajania 31 Artemisia lavand ulaef olia 42 Ajaniopsis 31 Artemisia macile nta 38 A jug a decumbens 122 Artemisia macrocc phala 39 Alangium chinense 93 Artemisia marschalliana 49 Albizia juiibrissin 111 Artemisia mattfeldii 42 Alismataceae 138 Artemisia mongolica 39

.i ilium tuberosum 130 Artemisia moocroftiana 46 Amaranthaceae 135 Artemisia nutantiflora 40 Imorpha 82 Artemisia ordosica 44 Amorpha fruticosa 69,82 Artemisia oxyccphala 42 Anacardiaceae 7o Artemisia palustrts 49 Angelica dahurica var. jormosana 114 Artemisia phaeolepis 46 A ni sod us lurid us 124 Artemisia princeps 48 Aathemideae Artemisia roxbur ghiana 48 Apocynaceae 137 Artemisia rubripes 40 Araliaceae 136 Artemisia rupestris 43 Arttmisia 26 Artemisia rutifolia 46 Artemisia absinthium 48 Artemisia scoparia 37 Artemisia ancthi\ olia 40 Artemisia selengensis 49 Artemisia anethoides 38 Artemisia sericea 45 Artemisia annua 48 Artemisia sicversiana 47 Artemisia anomala 47 Artemisia smithin 45 a pi Artemisia ace a 4l 5 128 Artemisia sphaeroccphala 40 Artemisia argyi 41 Artemisia stolonifera 46

Artemisia austriaca 38 Artemisia subdigitata var. c hint n sis Artcmi iia ble pharole pis 40 Artemisia subulata 44 Artemisia brachyloba 43 Artemisia sylvatica 49 Irtcmiiia codonoce phala 45 Artemisia tanacctif olia 47 Artemisia totdrnejortiana 39 Ccntaurea cyanus 57

Artemisia umbrosa -13 Centella a viatic a 114 Artemisia vestita var* discolor 41 Cerasus vulgaris 57 Artemisia viridissima 39 Ceratostigma minus 117

Artemisia vulgaris 39 Ceratostigma plumba ginoides 1 IS Artemisia wudanica 44 Ceratostigma wtllmottianum 117 Artemisia xerophytica 45 Chaenomelef speciosa 109

Asclepiadaceae 71 , 137 C hamaenerion 85

Aster tataricus 126 Chamaenerion an^usti] olium o3 9 S5 Astragalus 83 Chelidonium majus 107 Astragalus adsurgens 68,8^ Chrysantheminae Astragalus melilotoides 69,83 Chrysanthemum indicum 127 Chrysanthemum morif olium 127 B Citric Benincasa his pi da 126 Citrus aurantium 57 Berberidaceae 135 Clausena lansium 112 Berberis dasystachya 104 Cnidium monnieri 1 16 Berberis heteropoda 105 Cod onopsis 72 Berchenia polyphylla 112 Codonopsis clematidea 67,72 Bignoniaceae 138 Commellna communis 129 Bletilla striata HI Commelinaceae 138 Boraginaceae 71 Compositae 75 138 Botago Con vovulaceae 137 Borago officinalis 57 Coriandrum 91 Brassica 75 Coriandrum sativum 59,91,1 15 Brassica cam pesiris 57,75 Cornaceae 137 Brassica juncea 103 Corydalis bungeana 108 ^rassica oleracea 57 Cotoneaster 87 Buddie^ officinalis 120 Cotoneaster horizontal" 69 5 87 c Crataegus oxyacantha 57 Caesal pinia se pi aria 110 Cruciferae 75,136 Calligonum 86 Cucurbitaceae 138 Calligonum mongolicum 68 9 86 Cynanchum 71 Camellia sinensis 95 Cynanchum k.omarotfii 66 ,71 Campanulaceae 72 Cam pits grandiflora 124 D Caprifoliaceae 72,138 Da phtte gcnkjva 113 Capsicum 88 Datura metel 124 Capsicum annuum 88 69 Daucus carota 1 14 Carum 59 Dianthus superbus 104 Carum buriaticum 69 Dichroa (ebrifuga 109 Caryophyllaceae 741S5 Diphyllcia sinensis 105 Castanea 101 Dysosma pleiantha 103 Castanea henryi 101 E Castanea seguinii 100 Castanea vulgaris 57 Elachanthemum Castanea mollissima 100 Elachanthemum intricatum Cathaya 1,2,19 Elaeagnaceae 76 Cathaya argyrophylla 19 Elaea gnus 76 Caulophyllum robustum 106 Elaeagnus ttmbellata 69,76 Cedrus 1,2,19 Elsholtzia 78 Cedrus deodar a 19 Elsholtzia densa 67,78 Celastraceae 74 Epimedium acuminatum 106 Celastrus 74 E pimedium brevicotnum 107

Celastrus angulatus 6 8^74 £ pimcdium sagittatum 107 Celastrus orbiculatus 68,74 Erica arborea 57 Celosia cristata 103 Eruca 76

• 144 • Eruca satine 67,76 Larix griff ithiana 22 Eucalyptus globulus 57 Larix \acmp\eri 22

Larix ol gen sis 22 F Larix potaninti 22 Fagaceae 135 Larix sibirica 22 Fagopyrum 86 Lavandula 79

Fagopyrum csculentum 57 ? 68 5 86 Lavandula angustifolia 67,79 Filifolium Leguminosae 82,136 Filif oluim sibiricum Leonurus 79 Focniculum 91 Leonurus japonicus 123 Focniculum vulgare 69,91,114 Leonurus sibiricus 6779 Forsythia suspensa 120 Lepyrodiclis 74 Fritillaria cirrhosa 130 Lcpyrodiclis holosteoides 68,74 Ligularia 75 G Ligularia przewalskii 69,75 Gelsemium elegant 94 Ligusticum brae kylobum 115 Gentian a dahurica 69,77 Ligusticum delavayi 117 Gentiana macrophylla 121 Ligusticum jeholense 116 Gentiana regensccns 120 Ligusticum sinense 115

Gentiana rhodantha 120 Ligusticum sinense cv- chuanxiong Ll6 Gencianaceae 76,137 Ligusticum tenuissimum 117 Geraniaceae 136 Ligu strum 85 Geranium wilfordii 111 Ligustrum lucidum 67,85 Glehnia littoral" 113 Liliaceae 138 Gramineae 138 Limonium 86 Limonium aureum 118 H Limonium bicolor 67,86,119 Hedysarum 83 Limonium gmelinii 119

Hcdysarum multi^ugum 68 ? 83 Limonium sinense 119 Helianthus 75 Linaceae 136 usitatissimum 111 Helianthus

Hypericum 77 Lonicera f erdinandii 69 5 73 Hypericum attenuatum 68,77 Lonicera japonica 125 Lonicera maac\ii 69,73 J Lu}fa cylindrica 126 Jasmsnum 85 Lycium 89 Jasminum humile 67,85 Lycium barbarum 68,124 Jcffcrsonia dubia 105 M K M acleaya cordata 94 Kalimeris in die a 127 Magnolia denudata 107 Kaschgaris brack any h on oidea Magnoliaceae 135 Ketelecria 1,2 ? 15 Af/"j 57 Keteleeria evelyniana 15 Mai us communis 57 M arrubium 79 L M arrubium vulgare 67,79 Labiatae 77,137 M econopsis integrifolia 108 Lagopsis 79 Medicago 83 Lagopsis supina 67,79 Mcd'tcago sativa 6883 Lamium 79 Melilotus 84 Lamium barbatum 6779 Melilotus officinalis 68,84 Larix 1,2,21 M ^morialis hirta 102 l.arix gmdini 22 Mentha haplocalyx 123

• 145 8

M icroitla 71 Pinaceae l 9 138 Microtia si^imensis 68,71 Pintn 1,2,132 N Pinus armandi 3 Pinus ban\siana 3 Nandina domestica 106 Pintis bungeana 4 Nelumbo nucifera 103 Pinus densata 4 Neopallasia Pinus densiflora 4 Ncopallasia pectinata Pinus elliottii 5 Nepexa 67,80 Pinus henryi 5 Nepeta cataria 80 Pinus i^edai 5 Ncpeta pannonica 80 Pinus k e siya var. langbianensis Nitraria 92 Pinus l^oraiensis 5 Nttraria sibirica 68,92 Pinus massoniana 6 ~Noto pterygium forbe sit 115 Pinus nigra var. poiretiana i Notopierygium i net sum 115 Pinus palustris 7 Nymphaeaceae 135 Pinus pinaster 7 O Pinus pumila 7 Pinus rigid a 7 Oleaceae 85 ? U7 Pinus sibirica Onagraceae 85 8 Pinus strobus 8 Onobrychis sativa 57 Pinus sylt/estris Ophiopgon faponicus 130 3 Orchidaceae 138 Pinus tabulaeformis 9 Pinus taeda 9 Origanum 80 Pinus taiwanensis 9 Origanum vulgare 67 9 80 9 122 Pinus thunbergii 9 P Pinus yunnanensis 10 Papaver Plumbagella micrantha 118 Papaver rhoeas 57 Plumbaginaceae 86,137 Papaveraceae 135 Plumbago in die a 118

Paris chinensis 130 Plumbago zcylanica L 18

Patrinia 91 Poly gala tenuijolia 1 12 Patrinia rupestris 91 Polygaiaceae 136 P edicularis 88 Polygonaceae 86

\ 30 P cdicularis spicata 66 9 8B Polygonatum odotatum Peganum 92 Potentilla 88

Peganum harmala 68 9 92 Potentilla anserina 69,88 P criploca septum 121 Potentilla bifurca 68,88 b harbitis nil 121 Prunella vulgaris 122 Pharbitis purpurea 122 Pseudolarix 1,2,14 Phlomis 80 P seudolarix am a hi lis 14 Phlomis pratensis 67,80

Physalis alk e K en i^ var. jranchetii 123 Q P hytolacca acinosa 103 Quercus acutissima 101 Phytolacca ceae 135 Quercus tiaotungensts 102 Picea 1,2,15 Quercus mongolica 101 Pice a aurantiaca 16 Quercus semicarpifolia 101 Picea brachytyla var. complattata 16 Quercus variabilis 102 Picea crassijolia 16 R Picea jezoensii 17 Picea ^oraiensis 17 Raaunculaceae 87135 Picea li\iangensis 17 Rhamnaceae 136 Picea meyeri 17 Rhododendron molle 94 Picea ovovata 18 Rhus Picea purpurea 18 Rhus potaninii 69,70 Picea schrenl^iana var. tianschanica 18

Picea spinulosa 1 Robinia pseudoacacia 57 Picea wilsonii 19

• 146 • Ro^a chinensis 1 10 Tamarix arcenthotdes Rosa satit/a 57 Tamarix chinensis

Rosa vugosa 1 10 Taraxacum

Rosaceae 87 9 136 Taraxacum densleonis 57 Rosmarinus 57 Tetra panax papyrif crus 113

Rosmarinus officinalii 57 T hi a s pi arvense 109

Rostellularia procumbent 1 24 Thymelaceae 89 136 Rubus id ae op sis 110 Thymelaeaceae Ruto 58 Thymus vulgaris 58 R"ta graveoleus 58 Thymus mongolicus 67,81 Rutaceae 136 T hymus ser pyllum 58 T/iia S Toxicodendron 70 Sa ?itiaria sagittif olia 129 Toxicodendron vfrnicifluum 69,70 5fl/x* 58 T rachelospermum jasminoides 121 Salvia T richosanthcs hSrilowii 125

Salvia officinalis 58 Trig on otis peduncularis 6 8,71 Sambucus chinensis 125 Tripterigium wilfordii 93

SauTuraceae 135 Tstdga 1 9 2 9 20 Saxifraga stolonif era 109 Tsuga chinensis 20 Saxif ragaceae 136 Tsuga yunnanensis 21

Scrophulariaceae 88 Tussilago farfara 1 28 Seriphidium Typha angustifoiia 128

Seriphidium ft nita Typhaceae 138 Sicgesbcck.io orientalis 127 U Sinapis alba 108

Si no podophyllum cmadi var. chinense 106 Umbelliferae 90,136 Solanaceae 88 138 9 V Solidago virga-aurea 126 Valerianaceae 91 Sophora 84,111 Verbenaceae 137 Sophora faponica 111 Verticaceae 135 Sophora viciifolia 69,84 Viburnum 73 Sphallerocarpus 91 Viburnum sargentii 68,73 Sphallerocarpus gracilis 68 9 91 FiVia 84 Stachyopsis 81 Wfifl cracca 68,84 Stachyopsis oblongata 6781 Vicia villosa 58,84 Stachys 81 Vitcx negundo 122 Stackys sieboldii 67^81 Vladimiria souliei 1 78 Siellaria media 104 Vladimiria souliei v ar. cinerea 128

Stellera chamaejasme 68 Z Stil pnolcpis Zanthoxylum simulans 112 Stilponlepis ccntiflors Zea mays 129 T Ziziphora 31 Ziziphora bungeana 67,81 Tamaricaceae 67 Ziziphus ju^uba var. spinosus 113 Zygophyllaceae 92

• 147

3 1—2. Pinu! elliottii, 3 — 6. Pinws henryi, 7 — 10. Pinus ikedai ( X800)

)

4 Pi rt us kesiya var. langbianensis 7. Pinus massoniana 9 BIK5 l——3.,g ( 9 S — 9. Pinus nigra Arn. var. ( X800) 6 1—2. P"it4s palmnis, 3 — 4. Pi"t4S pinaster. 5—8.gfe Ptnus 1—5. Pin us rigida, 6 7 —9. Pinus "7"Wf a ( X8D0)

11134). 4 8. "^-" X800 10 I 3. Ww""(No. / "

13 1—2. Abies labri, 3 — "4. Ahie; fargesii (" Abies U^ana X800) 14 12. Ahies iaxoniana, 3 — 4. (

CV.guie et Gaussen) eor e, var. —h" , Ah"; g g 1 ( & role s Maxim. X Pt ( K = 3^1 s ne Ph 3 Abies f M«mflW X800) K17 1 2. Abies nukiangensis, — 4. 9 ( 18 1 — "4. Abies recurvata ( X800)

20 1 — 4. Keteleeria evelyniana (X800) Picea trachytyla ffl 21 1 — 2. Picca aurantiaca, 3— 4. complanata (it|X800)

likiangensis X800) 23 1 — 2. Picea jezoensis 3 — 4. Picea ( 3 Picea ovcpata X S 24 1 — 2. Pice a meyeri, —" ( ) 2S 1 — 4. Picea purpurea (X800) 26 1 — Picea tianschanica pi ce a "'"sort" >C 9IK27 1 2. P/f" schrenKiana var. ( ) 28 1 — 4. Cedrus deodara, 5 — 9. Cathaya flcgyro/>Ay X800) 29 1—5. Tstiga chinensis, 6 —&. Tsttga yunanensis ( X800)

griffithi 31 I. Larix olgensis, 2. Larix 3 4. Larix f^aempferi ( X800) 32 X"«/«Mfl f/y"Z

X6600), 4 . X5000) 33 Pi"o schrenkiana var. tianschanica 1. X1820), 2. X182U), 3. X11620), 4. X700D), 5. X1162U) X750(, 34 Cedrus deodara 1. X1600), . X2600) SIK35 Onhaya argyrophylla 1. 7000), 2. X9800) 2 — Pinus massoniana 2 4. 36 1, Pinus densiflora(i%760) 5. •• — t [

6 — Pittws sibirica • • (X93U),5.(X476)], 9. [ 6,8 ( ,7 ( X680), 9.( X28UO)] SIS 37 1—2. Cathaya argyrophylla (X2160), 3—6. Picea schrenf^iana

var. tianschanica 3 5 [ . ( X 510),4 . ( X600), . ( X480),6. ( X3000) 38 Cedr US deodara 1 2 . ( 1250) 3 ( 1 400) 4 . 340)] [ X . X ( X ffl 39 1 Tsuga chmensis, — •• 1. 2 ( 1700) [ X , . (750)] 3. evelyn.ana, 4 — 5. l— ar i x olgensi, 4. ( 246), 5 K X . ( X 500)] v)

V 1

c 24 22

3-4. A. jeddei, 5-6. 40 1—2. Artetn," scoparta, macdcnta, 9 10. A.jrig.da, 11 12. A. jacutica, 7 8. A. keiskeana, er.opodo. 18— 19. 15 — 16. A. austriaca, 17. A. 13 — 14. anethoides. tournefomana. A macroccphala. 20—21. mongoUca, 22. A. 23 — 24. A. pir,'rfi««'»»a ( < 1000) 12 9 10 11

1 • 5 — blepharolepit, ffi 41 2. A. vulgaris, 3 — 4. A. anetkifolia, 6. 7 — 8. A. giraldii, 9. . nutantiflora, 10. /I. rubripes, 11 — 12. A. sphaerocephala, 13 — 14. A. dracunculus, 15 — 16. A.vestita wall,

1 /4. var. discolor, 17 — 18. A flrgy,' 19 20. fl/M'ac-a, 2 —22 . ,'>i»fg7- olia, 23 — 24. A. intramongolica ( X 1000) 42 1—2. 2fet^ A. japonica, 3—4.^^tjg A.lavandulaefolia, 5— 6. 7— 8. oxycephala, 9 10. A rupestris, 11 12. umbrosa, 13 —

A. brachyloha, 15 — 16. A.commutata, 17 — 18. A. commutata Bess. var. helmiana, 19—21). A. desertorum^ 21—22. A. halodendron, 23 — 24. A. latifolia ( X 1000) —

1 — 2. 3 « A. ordosica, 4 . jg A. subulata, 5—6. A. wudaniea, 7— 8. A. xerophytica, 9 10. A. codonocephala, 11 12. A.gmelmtt. 13 — 14. A sericea, 15 — 16. A. smith, 17 — ^ n, 18. 3 A. freymana, 19 20. A. lagocephala, 2\—U.,\^^^ A.moovroftiana , 23 -24 . ,§111^ A.rutijolta ( X 1000) fr.gida Willd.var. atropurpurea, 44 1- 2. stoloniiera, 3 —4. A tanacetifolia, 9 10. lacintata, 5 — 6. A. phaeolepis, 8. deversa, 15 — 16. si ever si ana, 17 — 18. 11 12. A. anomala, 13 — 14. A. princeps, 23 — 24. absinthium, 19 20. A. annua, 21 — 22. A Bess. var. rientalis, 27— 28. hedinn, A. igniaria ,25 — 26 . roxburghiana A 29—30. J. ( X1000) 45 — 3. A. marschalliana, 4 5. A. sylvatica, 6—7. A. subdigtiata Mattf. var. chinensis, 8— A. selengensis, 9. 10— U . B lactiflora — 12 13. Ajam a pallasiana, H — 15. Stilponlepis centiflora, 16— 17. Kaschgaris brachanyhonoidea, 18 — 19. Filijoluim tibiricum, 20 —21. Ajaniopit penieillifirmis, 22 — 23. Elachanthemum intricatum, 24—2$. Hippolytia yunn "ifsis, 26 —27. Neopallasia pectinata, 28—29.

47 A. eriopoda 1 2* [ 1 .(>C5460),2.(X 1920)], 3— S A. maeroceph- « 3.(X5460), "[: 4.(X1920)], 5_6. A. mongolica [ 5 .(X 1920),6.(X546O)], 7_8. A. wrW,w,iwa [ 7.(X5460), 8. (X 1920)]", 9— 10. tournefortiana[% 9.(X5460),10.(X1500>], 11— 12. A. vulgaris [ : ll.(X5460),12.(X1920)], 13 — 14. 'A. a"0921)),10.(>09!0)]1112. [ 1920),14.(X5460)] (X5»60),12.(X1200)], 13 — 14. A. hu[ 13.(X 49 1—2. A. integrifolia [ L. (X5460), 2.(xl920)], 3-4. A »'fl»»^i»i'"fo/i'ffa - [ 3.(X1920),4.(X5460)], 5—6. A. —po",Va [ 5.(X5460),6. (X1920),7 — 8. A/*/a"rf"/af //,' 7 . ( X 1920>,8 ( 5460) ] ,9 A.mattfeldii [ . X . ^ X546U 10. rupestris(X546())H-12. A. A. integrifolia [ 11. (X5000), 12. (X10 000)] I A. brachyloba 50 - A. "ni^wfl [ : 1.(X5460),2.(X1920)], 3—5. [ 3.01920) 4.(X5460), 5.(X1260) j, 6. A. commutata (X 1920), 7. A. desertorum 8 10—11. (X 1920), — 9. A. halodendron [ : 8.(X1920),9.(X5460)], ordosica 12. A. latifolia [ : 10.(Xl920),ll.(X5t60)], 12— 13. A. [ (X 1920),13.(X 1920)J 3 — A. codonocephala 51 12. A. wudanica [ 1 .(X5460),2.(X 1920)], 5. [ 3 .(X 1320),4.(X5460),5.(X 1920)] 6 — 7. gmelinii [ 6. (X 5460),7. (X 1920)], 8 — 9. A. sericea [ B.(X 1920),9.(X5t60)], 10—11. A. smithin [ 10.(X 1920),1I.(X5460)], 12 — 13. A. jreyniana [ 12.(X 1920),13 .(X5460)] , . 52 1—2. moocrojtiana 1 , ( X 546U) 2 ( X 19 J 3—4. A.

5 — A. stolonijera rurijolia [ 3.(X5460),4.(X1920)], 6. [ 5.(X5460)6. Willd. var. atropurpurea 7 . ,8 . (X 1920)], 7 — 8. /i. jrigida •• (X ( X 1U — 11. tanacetifolia 1920)], 9. A. phaeolepis (X546U), A. [ 12 — laciniata : 1920),14. 10.(X1920),11.(X5460)], H. A. [ L2.(X5460),13.(X (X720)] 1 — 1 3 — A. sieverstana 53 2. A. ar.omala [ .(X5460),2.( X1500)] 4. [ 3.(%1920),4.(X5460)], 5—6. A. absinthium [ 5.( X 1920),6.( X5460)]. 7 — — .4. 8. J.a"""a [ 7.(X 1920)8.(X5460)], 9 10. pnnceps [ 9.(X1920> 10.(X5460)]11. A. igniana ( X5460),12 — 13. roxburghiana Bess.var. rientalis [ 2.(X 1920), 1 3 .( X5400)], 14. A.hedinii (X5460) hall , ana 54 I 2. A. /»<1/"";^[1.(><50),2.(>0920)_|,3—"4.^. marsc

A. : 5.()C1920),6.(X5460)3 [ : 3.(X1920),4.(X5460)], 5—6. [ 9 lact, flora 7 —8. A. wg-»"X: 7.(X192a),8.(X5460)J9 10. A. [ : 9. (X 1920),10.(X5460)],11. A. rubripe (X5460) 12 — 13. /4. sylvatica [ : 12.(X50D0),13.(X 10000)] 55 1—2. Ajania pa m'ana [ 1 .(X3900)2.(X 1200)], Ajania /a",'g,'a»f 3.(X1800),4.(K3900)] 5— 5,'./p«)»r/.f/^ 9 6. """'//ora [ 5. (X 1800) 6.(X3900)J, 7 — 8. Kaschgaris braehanyhotfoideal^ilp: 7.(X5460)8.(X 1500)]

9 — 10. Fililoluim libiricum 1 [ 9.(X 1500),10.(X5460)], 1 — 12. /^a",'o;> >w" [ ll.(X5460), 12.(X1920)] 1 — Elachanthemum 56 3. ,""»>f"w [ l.(X5460), 2.(X 1920),3.(X900)], 4—5 Hippolytia yunnanesis — [ 4.(X3900),5.(>C 1920)], 6 7. Neopallasia pectinata 6.(X 1920)7 .(X5460)], 8—9. Seriphidium ftnita 8. (X 1920) [ — [ 9.(X5*60)]10 11. Neopallasia pectinata [ 10.(X5000),U.(X 10000)] 57 1—3. Acer cappadocium var. sinicum 3.(X5600)] 4 6. ffl [ 7 — Toxicodendron vernici\luum Rhus wan""' [ 6.(X3120)], 10. [ 9.(X2700) 10.(X2700)], 11— 12. Cynanehutn \omarovii [ : ll.(X130), 12.(x 260)], 13. Microula sik.k.imensit (X 10400) — 6. 58 1—2. Trigonous pW""

var. edulis 3 — 59 12. Lonieera coerulea L. 1. [ 2.(X9J5)J 5. Lonicera ferdtnandii [ i.(X925)J, () 7. } I'ibwrtium sargentii 6.(X2550)], 8 — 9. Lepytodiclit Ao/o"C2080)], 10 6. (X 6800)], 9. [ — Leo"""" "7,""{ Mo"", vulgare [ 10.(X^50)] H 16. [ 0000) 15.(X2700),16.(X2700)] S () a 63 Nepeia cataria [ l.(X 1280) i.(x6790)], 4—7. Nepet p^700)] 11. Vicia cracca [ 10.(X2080)], 12 — 14. I'icio villosa [ 1 3 .(X 5600) n .( X 2560) ] X 1000)

S7 1—6. Chamaenerion angustifolium [ 1. (X 2840, 2. (X 5330), 3. (X 1910) 4. (X 560), 5. ( X 4000), 6. (X 5000) J, 7— 9. Linomium o/or 7. (X1360) 8. (X 2450)] X 1000) 4-7. 1 (X 10000)] gymnandrum •• .(X3120),2. 68 1—8. Aconitum [ "l" g 6 5600),7 . (X 700)], 8-9. Ao",, pendulum [ •• .(X w Fagopyrum 10.(X1350)] "go/, [. 9.(X2450)], 10— 11. [ O000) 12—14. Potentilla bijurca [ 14.0 2700)] () 69 1 — 2, Coioneaster horizontalis 2. 3—5 [ (X 2450)], . Potentilla anserina 5.(X2550)], 6 —7. JE:i»-rfi'f spicata 6. — [ [ (X3450)], 8 10. Capsicum annuum 9 1 1 1 — 13 ( X 2450) . ( X 5600) . [ . ] Lycium barharum R- 13. (X 2080)], 14 — 15. Tamarix arcenthoides [ : 14.(X3700)], 16 — 17. Tamarix cAi'»iM«'f[ 17.(>0120)] X1000) ffl 70 1 4, Stellera chamaejasme [ . (X3120)4.(X 5600)], 5—7. Carum buriaticum 5 . (X 4160), 6. (X 5600), 8—11. Coriandrum sativum [%^- 10.

(X2700),ll.(X760)j, i2 — 15. Foehifiulum vulgare : [ 14.(x3120),15.(X930)3 ; — : 16 19. Sphallerocarpus gracilis [ 18.(X2700)19.(X 1040)] X1000) 71 1—4. Patrinia rupestris 5 — [ 3.(X3520),4.(Xl3«0>], 9. Peganum harmala [ 5.(X3700),6.(>C3700),9.(X7000)], 10 — 12. Nitraria sibiriea [ 1 2 .(X 2450)] x 1000) Castarua. seguinii, 72 1. HoMtiwynia cordata, 2. Ca"a"f mollisstma, 3. Memorials hirta, 7—8. 4. C. henryi, 5. L"hocarp U s polystachyus, 6. 11 12. Celosia crisiata, 'J. Phytolacca acinosa, 10. Stellaria media, Aconitum carmichaeli, 13. Berber" dasystachya H. Berber" heteropoda, 15 — 16. Diphylleia sinensis, 17. Berberis. heteropoda 18 — 19. Dysosma pleiantha, 20,22. Nandina domestica, 21, 23. Jeffersonia dubia, 24, Sinopodophyllum emodi var. chinense (fe|X 1000) 73 1——2.{ Caulophyllum robustum^ 3 —— 4. Epimedium acuminatum — E. 7— E. 6.'| ^ SE hrevtcornum^ 8. ^ sagittatum, 9 — 10. Chclidonium mfl7"jll — 12. Corydalis bungcana^ 13 — 14, Sinapis olho, 15 — 16. Brassica juncroy 17 — 18, Dichroa febrijaga, 19 — 20. Saxijraga stolonifera, 21— !!• Chaenomeles speciosa, 23 Rosa rwgosa, 25— 26, R. chinensisy 11

— 28- Sophora aponica, 29 — 31. Alhizia julibrissin 1 — [ •• 28(X 1000),29 (X 1200),30—31(X500)] 74 Catsalpirua septana, ". Glehnia ""oralis, 5 — 6. Foeniculum vul are 7 — 8. CerueUa g , astanca, 9 — 10. Angelica dahunca, 11 1 Coriandrum satirum, 1;, Domcus caroia, 14 — 15. Clau"na lansium, 16—17. 1unth 0X lum simulans, 18 — 19. Zizyphus jujula var. tpino^us, 1 ! . Berchenia polyphylla var. letoclada, 22 — 2.!, 28 • Polygala ienuifolia f 24— 25. Da hnt f 26 P g "ktfa, — ;! 7. Tetrapanax papyrtjerus, 29— SO. Sotopterygium forbesii, 31. Gf/"a",'"w «/,7/ofrf,',' 3 2 —;!5 . ZJ"";n [ 1—3034 35(X1000),3l(X650)32—53(X230)] 75 1—3. Notopterygium incisum, 4— 6. J||^ Li gum cum sinense O.i v. c, 7. L. brachylohum, 8. Cnidium monnieri, 9 11). Ligusticum 11* L. tenuissimum, 12. L. jeholense, L. dalavayi, 14 — 15. Htlwingio japonica, 16,21 Ceraiosngma . minus, 17. & C. tnllmouianum, 18 — Plumbagella 19 m'crantha Q. plumbegmoides, 22. / '"i.cflj — 2 P. zeylanica ( XI ]

btcolor. 3 — . gmellinii, 5-6. 76 1 — 2. L mum aureum, . 9 — 10. fo"y'A,a w"m n-U. 7. 8. //,""/", — G. macrophylla, Gcnnana regenscos, B — 14. G. rhedantha, 15 16. jasminoides, 21— 22. 17 — 18. Phorbit" nil, 19 20. Trachelosfermum 1 6UU) 1 — 19 — 17(>UO0)21(X 360)18,22(X P. purpurea [ 16 20(X 1000), 77 1 — 2, Vitex ncgundo^ 3— 4. Origanum vagaris, 510, decumbens 6 — 7. vulgaria^ 8— 9. Lcotttirm japonicus^ 1J— 13. Mentha kaplocalyxy 14,18, Physalis al^e^engi var. jrattchetii, 15, Anisodus luridus var. ficherianay 16 — Lycium barbarum^ 19 17. — 21, p Periploca septum^ 22 — 24 Camps" grandijlora ( X 1000) 5~>6. Lonicera 78 1, Rostellularia procumbens^ 2—4. Sambucus chinensis y — Solidago aponica, 7— 8. Luffa acutanguld^ 9 Benincasa hispida, 10 — tussilago iarjara, 14, tatartcus varga-aurgay 12. Kalimer" indica y 13. y 15 — 16. Siegesbeckia orientalis, 17. Trichosanthes /ro«/"' 18. Chrysanth- el 1—4,9 19— Typka angustifoiia 22. Datura met •• emum morifoliumy 21. y [ — 22(>O000)5 —6(X550)7—8(X280)] ffl 79 1—2. Sagitiaria sagittijolia, 3. Commelina communis, "»—5. Par chinensis, 6— " 7. Pohgonaium odoratum, 8 — ll). /lllium tuberosum^ 11. Zea mays * (X300), 1 2 • B/", fl "", li 15 Op/iiopgon !o CUi 16—17. . PO m , Magnoha denudaia ( 1 1 X 10U0) hi as pi arrense, 4. 80 1 — 2. Vladinina souliei var. cinerea, T 9 Vladiniria souliei, 5 —6. Pinus spp., 7—8. Rubus idaeopsis, 10. Dianthus superbus^ 11 — 12. iW"o"o/>" integrijolia, 13. I: ri"!laria cirrhosa ( 5 — 6X300 , X 1000) 3. 81 1. Quercus acuiifsima (X 1600), 2. Q. semicarpifolia (X2100), ffi p ^ Epimedium sagittatum Q. variabilis (X 1600), 4. Berberis dasystachya (X900), 5. 7. Quercus mongolica (X3500), 8. (X10 000)6 • Stellaria media (X2800),

Nelumho nuciiera ( X 1200), 9, Aconitum carmichaeli (X2800 ,

82 1. Saxifrage stolonifera (X2550), Chaenomeles specioso (X2250) 3,— Solidago varga-aurea (X2880), 4. Glehnia littoralis (X2300), 5. Aster tataricus (X2500), 6. Berchenia polyphylla var. leioclada (X4000) 7. Corydalis bungeana (X 1000), 8. Ligusticum sinense Oliv cv. chuanxiong (X2100), 9.

Foeniculum vulgar e ( X4800) )83 1. D at4CUS carota (X2500;, 2. Lig"SltCum dalarayi (X4100), 3. nnensc L. (X2200), 4. Limonium aur euS (X2200)^ 5 • uilfordii (X2000), . Ugusncum brachylobum (X2600), 7. Chelidomum ma)us (X3600), 8. Lin" m usitaussimum CX3800), 9. Umonium gmellinii (X1800), 10* Plumbugella micrantha C X l00(lll )> 11. Ceratostigma minus (X3000) 84 14. Vladimiria souliei [1 (X840), 4(X2400)], 2. Trachelospermum R"bus jasminoides (X2100), 3. Vladimiria souliei var. cxnerea (X975), 5 .

idaeopsis (X2100), 6. Di an thus superbus (X 1900), 7 . Sinopis alba (X4000), 8. regenscens Origanum vulgaris (X 1800), 9. Thlaspi arven^( X 2800), 10. Gentiana (X 1500) 5

• ASS* f ^

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Phorbiti! ffl 85 1. Luffa cylindrtca (X731), 2. Benincasa hispida (X1120),3,5.

purpurea [3 (X630), 5(X2100)], 4, 6. P. «7[4i(X375), 6(XJ500)] 86 14. Allium tuberosum [1(X2000), 4(X2000)], 2. Polygonat odoratum (X 1700), 3. Commelina communis (X2800), 5. Bletilla striata (X 1900), 6, Phytolacca acinosa (X2300), 7. Fritillaria cirrbosa (X2000) [] [] E 8 [ ]

[ ] 1 1 2 []

[] 1.2 g 12 [] [] 88) 017 []] [ ]

[ ] 10ml 1 3 [] [] 10ml [] [] S8) 019

[] [ ]

0.5 — lg 2 [ ] — 3 1) 0.1g [] (2) 0.25g [] 88) 01S 31 3 [] 87 " 1987 "

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