DOCSLIB.ORG

Ecology and Management of Larix Forests: a Look Ahead Proceedings of an International Symposium

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ecology and Management of Larix Forests: a Look Ahead Proceedings of an International Symposium Ecology and Management of Larix Forests: A Look Ahead Proceedings of an International Symposium Whitefish, Montana, U.S.A. October 5-9, 1992 Compilers: Wyman C. Schmidt Kathy J. McDonald Duchesne, L. C.; Lelu, M. A; von Aderkas, P.; Charest, Klimaszewska, K 1989. Plantlet development from imma­ P. J. 1992. Microprojectile-mediated DNA delivery in ture zygotic embryos of hybrid larch through somatic haploid and diploid embryogenic cells of Larix spp. embryogenesis. Plant Science. 63: 95-103. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. [In press]. Klimaszewska, K; Ward, C.; Cheliak, W. M. 1992. Cryo­ Ellis, D. D.; McCabe, D.; McInnis, S.; Martinell, B.; preservation and plant regeneration from embryogenic Roberts, D.; McCown, B. 1991. Transformation of white cultures oflarch (Larix x eurolepis) and black spruce spruce by electrical discharge particle acceleration. In: (Picea mariana). Journal of Expermental Botany. 43: Haissing, B. E.; Kirk, T. K; Olsen, W. L.; Raffa, K F.; 73-79. Slavicek, J. M., eds. Applications of biotechnology-to Lelu, M. A; Klimaszewska, K K; Jones, C.; Ward, C.; tree culture, protection and utilization. United States von Aderkas, P.; Charest, P. J. 1992. A laboratory guide Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Columbus, to somatic embryogenesis in spruce and larch. Petawawa OH:I02. National Forestry Institute. Information Report. Huang, Y.; Diner, AM.; Karnosky, D. F. 1991. Agrobacter­ PI-X-Ul (submitted for publication). ium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation and von Aderkas, P.; Klimaszewska, K K; Bonga, J . M. 1990. regeneration of a conifer: oorix decidua. In: Vitro Cell. Diploid and haploid embryogenesis in Larix leptolepis, Dev. BioI. 27P: 201-207. L. decidua and their reciprocal hybrids. Canadian Jour­ nal of Forest Research. 20: 9-14. Knowledge-Based Systems for Larix Forests Jjmmie D. Chew and Elizabeth D. Reinhardt We have the information necessary to manage natural function. The interpretation of changes will be used to de­ resources wisely, but it is often difficult to access and use. sign desired landscapes. Differences between current and The information is often fragmented, unwieldy, and time desired landscapes can identify where management ac­ consuming to use. Methods of sharing, distributing, and tivities are needed to achieve and maintain ecosystem applying this knowledge are not well developed. But so­ functioning. cial demands have resulted in increasing complexity in re­ source management, and economic considerations demand that we look for more efficient ways to capture our knowl­ edge and make it usable. STAND DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM A combination of fundamental concepts from systems Whether or not one has used a landscape-level analysis science and principles from artificial intelligence can be to identify large, contiguous areas of stands that need to used to develop a broad category of decision support sys­ be evaluated for treatment needs, the stand diagnosis ex­ tems known as knowledge-based systems. For the Larix pert system (Chew 1989) is available. This knowledge­ forests of the Northern Rockies, several knowledge-based based system is called an expert system because it cap­ systems exist in various stages of development to help tures the expertise of silviculturists in diagnosis in the make information accessible and to interpret it for appli­ silvicultural prescription process. This step compares the cation. These systems cover the range of scales from existing stand to a desired future condition, a target stand, landscape analysis to individual stand prescriptions. and identifying possible treatment needs. Silviculturists' and other resource specialists' knowledge in identifying stand conditions that are necessary to meet specific re­ LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS SYSTEM source objectives on specific types of sites, is captured A knowledge-based system is currently being developed within the target stands. Stocking level concepts in the to provide a framework for the application of the Forest Regional Silvicultural Practices Handbook are a funda­ Service's Northern Region's ecosystem management effort. mental part of the target stand. Limitations on harvest This system will use concepts associated with landscape methods identified by Forest Plans or habitat type guide­ structure, function, and change. Rule-based components lines are used. Insect and disease information is incorpo­ will be used to identify structure and make inferences for rated as hazard ratings. The system captures local vari­ function. Knowledge on ecosystem processes will be used ables such as how suitable leave trees are defined and to identify the probability of change in both structure and how one determines the feasibility of removing oversto­ ries. The system is available for National Forests within the Northern Region. Jimmie D. Chew is Forester, Subalpine Silviculture Research Work The treatment alternatives developed by the system are Unit, and Elizabeth D. Reinhardt is Research Forester, Fire Effects Re­ not prescriptions. Additional interdisciplinary work is search Work Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Ser­ vice, Intermountsin Research Ststion, Missoula, MT 59807, U.S.A. necessary before a choice can be made from the possible 476 treatments. For the chosen treatment, the silviculturist experience. A knowledge-based system (Reinhardt and has to develop a sequence of detailed activities that com­ others, in press) was developed to retrieve both technical pose the prescription. and qualitative information and interpret it for applica­ tion. Site data and the manager's objectives for treating the site with prescribed fIre are user inputs to the expert STAND CULTURE SYSTEM system. The system develops a fIre prescription: ranges of acceptable fIre effects, a description of the desired fIre To help prepare the detailed prescriptions, another sys­ treatment, and a range of conditions under which to bum tem is being developed to use the existing research knowl­ to achieve the desired treatments and effects. The system's edge that is available for stand culture. The results of re­ performance was validated using data from research bums search at Miller Creek and Coram Experimental Forest in a variety offorest types throughout the Interior West on thinning and regeneration of western larch will pro­ of the United States. It performed well within the limited vide the initial basis for the system. Concepts in stand geographical domain of that area. dynamics will be incorporated into the system. This know­ ledge will be combined with many tools that are currently available at the Forest and District level such as rating REFERENCES guides for thinning stands. The system will provide a ve­ hicle for technology transfer and consistency in making Chew, J. D. 1989. An expert system for the diagnosis of sure knowledge is applied at the prescription level. stand treatment needs. In: ArtifIcial intelligence and growth models for forest management decisions confer­ ence proceedings. International Union of Forest Re­ PRESCRIBED FIRE SYSTEM search Organizations, September 18-22, 1989. Vienna, Austria: 288-297. Prescribed fIre is used to manipulate forest ecosystems Reinhardt, E. D.; Wright, A. H.; Jackson, D. H. [In press]. to accomplish a variety of resource management objec­ Development and validation of a knowledge-based sys­ tives. Managers use information from a variety of sources tem to design fIre prescriptions. AI Applications. 6(4). that include results of scientifIc research and of their own Can Western Larch Plantations Survive and Grow on the East Slope of the Montana Rockies? Dennis M. Cole and JackA. Schmidt With minor local exceptions, the range of western larch the plantations, neither percent survival nor the origin (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) is restricted to mountainous of planting stock could be determined in most cases. maritime-influenced areas west of the Continental Divide However, from visual examinations, we conclude that in the United States and Canada. Frost effects on the some of the larch in each plantation will likely persist­ flowering and seed production phases are often factors perhaps even to maturity. limiting natural regeneration of western larch. However, The major factor limiting fully successful establishment it has long been known that planted western larch can sur­ at all sites was frost damage to terminal leaders. This vive and grow east of the Continental Divide in Montana. For some years, we have heard of western larch being planted on different eastside Ranger Districts in National \"\ 21 Forests, so we made a survey of them, and of personnel of "', other agencies, to fInd out more. We were informed of 15 \ 3 "\, western larch plantings east of the Divide and were able .. ' to locate nine of them (fIg. 1), each representing a differ­ ( ____ Continental Divide ent forest habitat type (table 1). Elevations of the plant­ """': ing sites ranged from 1,340 to 2,164 m, and ages of the plantings ranged from 11 to 25 years. \5 4 Montana General differences in survival, development, and con­ ..- dition of the planted western larch could be seen between ... /6·····.) the different plantations. Because few records exist on 7 Dennis M. Cole is Research Silviculturist, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Bozeman, MT. Jack A Schmidt is Forester, Intermountain Research Station, Missoula, MT. Figure 1-Locations of plantations. 477 Ecology and Management of Larix Forests: A Look Ahead Proceedings of an International Symposium
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Department of Planning and Zoning
    Department of Planning and Zoning Subject: Howard County Landscape Manual Updates: Recommended Street Tree List (Appendix B) and Recommended Plant List (Appendix C) - Effective July 1, 2010 To: DLD Review Staff Homebuilders Committee From: Kent Sheubrooks, Acting Chief Division of Land Development Date: July 1, 2010 Purpose: The purpose of this policy memorandum is to update the Recommended Plant Lists presently contained in the Landscape Manual. The plant lists were created for the first edition of the Manual in 1993 before information was available about invasive qualities of certain recommended plants contained in those lists (Norway Maple, Bradford Pear, etc.). Additionally, diseases and pests have made some other plants undesirable (Ash, Austrian Pine, etc.). The Howard County General Plan 2000 and subsequent environmental and community planning publications such as the Route 1 and Route 40 Manuals and the Green Neighborhood Design Guidelines have promoted the desirability of using native plants in landscape plantings. Therefore, this policy seeks to update the Recommended Plant Lists by identifying invasive plant species and disease or pest ridden plants for their removal and prohibition from further planting in Howard County and to add other available native plants which have desirable characteristics for street tree or general landscape use for inclusion on the Recommended Plant Lists. Please note that a comprehensive review of the street tree and landscape tree lists were conducted for the purpose of this update, however, only
    [Show full text]
  • Larix Decidua Miller Taxonomy Author, Year Miller Synonym Larix Europaea DC; Larix Sudetica Domin; Pinus Larix L
    Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Tree factsheet images at pages 3 and 4 Larix decidua Miller taxonomy author, year Miller synonym Larix europaea DC; Larix sudetica Domin; Pinus larix L. Family Pinaceae Eng. Name European larch, Common larch Dutch name Europese lariks (Boom, 2000) Europese lork (Heukels’ Flora, 2005) subspecies - varieties L. decidua var. polonica (Racib) Ostenf. & Syrach Larsen (syn. L. polonica Racib.) L. decidua var. carpatica Domin (syn. L. carpatica Domin.) hybrids Larix x marschlinsii Coaz (L. decidua x L. kaempferi) (syn. Larix x eurolepis Henry) cultivars, frequently planted - references Earle, C.J. Gymnosperm database www.conifers.org USDA Forest Service www.pfaf.org/database/index.php Westra, J.J. Het geslacht Larix. In Schmidt (ed.). 1987. Ned. Boomsoorten 1 Syllabus vakgroep Bosteelt en Bosecologie, Landbouwuniversiteit Wageningen Plants for a Future Database; www.pfaf.org/index.html morphology crown habit tree, pyramidal max. height (m) Europe: 30-50 The Netherlands: 30 max. dbh (cm) 100-200 oldest tree year 988 AC, tree ring count, Val Malenco, Italy. actual size Europe year …, d(130) 95, h 46, Glenlee Park, Dumfries and Galloway, UK. year …, d(130) 271, h 30, Ulten Valley, Saint Nicholas, Italy. actual size Netherlands year 1844, d…, h …, Schovenhorst, Putten year 1830-1840, d(130) 114, h 17 year 1850-1860, d(130) 115, h 20 year 1860-1870, d(130) 97, h 28 leaf length (cm) 2-4 single leaf petiole (cm) 0 leaf colour upper surface green leaf colour under surface green leaves arrangement alternate flowering March - May flowering plant monoecious flower monosexual flower diameter (cm) ? pollination wind fruit; length cone; 3-4 cm fruit petiole (cm) 0,3 seed; length samara (=winged nut); … cm seed-wing length (cm) weight 1000 seeds (g) 5,0-5,9 seeds ripen October same year seed dispersal wind habitat natural distribution Alps, Central Europe in N.W.
    [Show full text]
  • Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Mitochondrial Haplotype And
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Temporal and spatial patterns of mitochondrial haplotype and species distributions in Siberian Received: 16 February 2018 Accepted: 1 November 2018 larches inferred from ancient Published: xx xx xxxx environmental DNA and modeling Laura S. Epp 1, Stefan Kruse1, Nadja J. Kath1,2, Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring1, Ralph Tiedemann2, Luidmila A. Pestryakova3 & Ulrike Herzschuh1,2,4 Changes in species’ distributions are classically projected based on their climate envelopes. For Siberian forests, which have a tremendous signifcance for vegetation-climate feedbacks, this implies future shifts of each of the forest-forming larch (Larix) species to the north-east. However, in addition to abiotic factors, reliable projections must assess the role of historical biogeography and biotic interactions. Here, we use sedimentary ancient DNA and individual-based modelling to investigate the distribution of larch species and mitochondrial haplotypes through space and time across the treeline ecotone on the southern Taymyr peninsula, which at the same time presents a boundary area of two larch species. We fnd spatial and temporal patterns, which suggest that forest density is the most infuential driver determining the precise distribution of species and mitochondrial haplotypes. This suggests a strong infuence of competition on the species’ range shifts. These fndings imply possible climate change outcomes that are directly opposed to projections based purely on climate envelopes. Investigations of such fne-scale processes of biodiversity change through time are possible using paleoenvironmental DNA, which is available much more readily than visible fossils and can provide information at a level of resolution that is not reached in classical palaeoecology.
    [Show full text]
  • Complete Chloroplast Genome of Japanese Larch (Larix Kaempferi): Insights Into Intraspecific Variation with an Isolated Northern Limit Population
    Article Complete Chloroplast Genome of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi): Insights into Intraspecific Variation with an Isolated Northern Limit Population Shufen Chen 1, Wataru Ishizuka 2, Toshihiko Hara 3 and Susumu Goto 1,* 1 Education and Research Center, The University of Tokyo Forests, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; [email protected] 2 Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Koushunai, Bibai, Hokkaido 079-0166, Japan; [email protected] 3 Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo-city, Hokkaido 060-0819, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-3-5841-5493 Received: 25 July 2020; Accepted: 11 August 2020; Published: 14 August 2020 Abstract: Research Highlights: The complete chloroplast genome for eight individuals of Japanese larch, including from the isolated population at the northern limit of the range (Manokami larch), revealed that Japanese larch forms a monophyletic group, within which Manokami larch can be phylogenetically placed in Japanese larch. We detected intraspecific variation for possible candidate cpDNA markers in Japanese larch. Background and Objectives: The natural distribution of Japanese larch is limited to the mountainous range in the central part of Honshu Island, Japan, with an isolated northern limit population (Manokami larch). In this study, we determined the phylogenetic position of Manokami larch within Japanese larch, characterized the chloroplast genome of Japanese larch, detected intraspecific variation, and determined candidate cpDNA markers. Materials and Methods: The complete genome sequence was determined for eight individuals, including Manokami larch, in this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Botsad 03 2018.Indd
    БЮЛЛЕТЕНЬ ГЛАВНОГО БОТАНИЧЕСКОГО САДА 3/2018 (Выпуск 204) ISSN: 0366-502Х СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Учредители: Федеральное государственное ИНТРОДУКЦИЯ И АККЛИМАТИЗАЦИЯ бюджетное учреждение науки Главный ботанический сад им. Н.В. Цицина РАН ООО «Научтехлитиздат»; ООО «Мир журналов». Издатель: Фирсов Г.А. ООО «Научтехлитиздат» Журнал зарегистрирован федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи Представители рода тисс (Taxus L.) в Ботаническом саду Петра Великого .........3 информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор). Шейко В.В. Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ ПИ № ФС77-46435 Lonicera chamissoi Bunge ex P.Kir. в природе и культуре ......................................12 Подписные индексы ОАО «Роспечать» 83164 «Пресса России» 11184 Волчанская А.В., Фирсов Г.А. Главный редактор: Демидов А.С., доктор биологических Долговечность и устойчивость редких древесных растений флоры наук, профессор, Россия Редакционная коллегия: России в Ботаническом саду Петра Великого .......................................................19 Бондорина И.А. доктор биол. наук, Россия Виноградова Ю.К. доктор биол. наук Россия Горбунов Ю.Н. доктор биол. наук, Сахарова С.Г., Орлова Л.В., Тарасевич В.Ф. (зам. гл. редактора), Россия Иманбаева А.А. канд. биол. наук, Казахстан Молканова О.И. канд. с/х наук, Россия К уточнению таксономии видов коллекции ботанического сада Плотникова Л.С. доктор биол. наук, проф. Россия Решетников В.Н. доктор биол. наук, СПбГЛТА (на примере Pseudolarix amabilis (J. Nelson) Rehder )..........................27 проф., Беларусь Романов М.С. канд.биол.наук, Россия Семихов В.Ф. доктор биол.наук, проф. Россия Кабанов А.В. Ткаченко О.Б. доктор биол. наук, Россия Шатко В.Г. канд. биол. наук (отв. секретарь), Россия Особенности формирования коллекции астильбы в ГБС РАН ............................40 Швецов А.Н. канд. биол. наук, Россия Huang Hongwen Prof., China Peter Wyse Jackson Dr., Prof.,USA Бугаев В.В.
    [Show full text]
  • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ to Identify the Level of Threat to Plants
    Ex-Situ Conservation at Scott Arboretum Public gardens and arboreta are more than just pretty places. They serve as an insurance policy for the future through their well managed ex situ collections. Ex situ conservation focuses on safeguarding species by keeping them in places such as seed banks or living collections. In situ means "on site", so in situ conservation is the conservation of species diversity within normal and natural habitats and ecosystems. The Scott Arboretum is a member of Botanical Gardens Conservation International (BGCI), which works with botanic gardens around the world and other conservation partners to secure plant diversity for the benefit of people and the planet. The aim of BGCI is to ensure that threatened species are secure in botanic garden collections as an insurance policy against loss in the wild. Their work encompasses supporting botanic garden development where this is needed and addressing capacity building needs. They support ex situ conservation for priority species, with a focus on linking ex situ conservation with species conservation in natural habitats and they work with botanic gardens on the development and implementation of habitat restoration and education projects. BGCI uses the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ to identify the level of threat to plants. In-depth analyses of the data contained in the IUCN, the International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List are published periodically (usually at least once every four years). The results from the analysis of the data contained in the 2008 update of the IUCN Red List are published in The 2008 Review of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; see www.iucn.org/redlist for further details.
    [Show full text]
  • Fluorescent Band Pattern of Chromosomes in Pseudolarix Amabilis, Pinaceae
    © 2015 The Japan Mendel Society Cytologia 80(2): 151–157 Fluorescent Band Pattern of Chromosomes in Pseudolarix amabilis, Pinaceae Masahiro Hizume* Faculty of Education, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790–8577, Japan Received October 27, 2014; accepted November 18, 2014 Summary Pseudolarix amabilis belongs to one of three monotypic genera in Pinaceae. This species had 2n=44 chromosomes in somatic cells and its karyotype was composed of four long submetacentric chromosomes and 40 short telocentric chromosomes that varied gradually in length, supporting previous reports by conventional staining. The chromosomes were stained sequentially with the fluorochromes, chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). CMA- bands appeared on 12 chromosomes at near terminal region and proximal region. DAPI-bands appeared at centromeric terminal regions of all 40 telocentric chromosomes. The fluorescent-banded karyotype of this species was compared with those of other Pinaceae genera considering taxonomical treatment and molecular phylogenetic analyses reported. On the basis of the fluorescent-banded karyotype, the relationship between Pseudolarix amabilis and other Pinaceae genera was discussed. Key words Chromomycin, Chromosome, DAPI, Fluorescent banding, Pinaceae, Pseudolarix amabilis. In Pinaceae, 11 genera with about 220 species are distinguished and grow mostly in the Northern Hemisphere (Farjon 1990). Most genera are evergreen trees, and only Larix and Pseudolarix are deciduous. Pinus is the largest genus in species number, and Cathaya, Nothotsuga and Pseudolarix are monotypic genera. The taxonomy of Pinaceae with 11 genera is complicated, having some problems in species or variety level. Several higher taxonomic treatments were reported on the base of anatomy and morphology such as resin canal in the vascular cylinder, seed scale, position of mature cones, male strobili in clusters from a single bud, and molecular characters in base sequences of several DNA regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Responses to Interglacial Warming
    Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Clim. Past Discuss., 9, 245–267, 2013 www.clim-past-discuss.net/9/245/2013/ Climate doi:10.5194/cpd-9-245-2013 of the Past CPD © Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Discussions 9, 245–267, 2013 This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Climate of the Past (CP). Vegetation Please refer to the corresponding final paper in CP if available. responses to interglacial warming A. V. Lozhkin and Vegetation responses to interglacial P. M. Anderson warming in the Arctic, examples from Lake El’gygytgyn, northeast Siberia Title Page Abstract Introduction 1 2 A. V. Lozhkin and P. M. Anderson Conclusions References 1 Northeast Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute, Far East Branch, Russian Academy Tables Figures of Sciences, 16 Portovaya Street, Magadan, 685000, Russia 2Earth & Space Sciences and Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-1310, USA J I Received: 28 August 2012 – Accepted: 3 September 2012 – Published: 15 January 2013 J I Correspondence to: P. M. Anderson ([email protected]) Back Close Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion 245 Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Abstract CPD Palynological data from Lake El’gygytgyn reveal responses of plant communities to a range of climatic conditions that can help assess the possible impact of global warm- 9, 245–267, 2013 ing on arctoboreal ecosystems. Vegetation associated with climatic optima suggests 5 two types of interglacial responses: one is dominated by deciduous taxa (the post- Vegetation glacial thermal maximum (PGTM) and marine isotope stage (MIS5)) and the second responses to by evergreen conifers (MIS11, MIS31).
    [Show full text]
  • Convergence in Foraging Guild Structure of Forest Breeding Bird Assemblages Across Three Continents Is Related to Habitat Structure and Foraging Opportunities
    COMMUNITY ECOLOGY 14(1): 89-100, 2013 1585-8553/$20.00 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest DOI: 10.1556/ComEc.14.2013.1.10 Convergence in foraging guild structure of forest breeding bird assemblages across three continents is related to habitat structure and foraging opportunities M. Korňan1,2,7, R. T. Holmes3, H. F. Recher4,5, P. Adamík6 and R. Kropil2 1Centre for Ecological Studies, Ústredie 14, 013 62 Veľké Rovné, Slovakia 2Department of Forest Protection and Game Management, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 20, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia; E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, 78 College St., Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, U.S.A.; E-mail: [email protected] 4The Australian Museum, 6-8 College Street, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 2000 5Current address: P.O. Box 154, Brooklyn, New South Wales, Australia 2083; E-mail: [email protected] 6Department of Zoology, Palacký University, Tř. Svobody 26, 771 46 Olomouc, The Czech Republic; E-mail: [email protected] 7Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: Bird community structure, Bondi State Forest, Bootstrap testing, Cluster analysis, Foraging guilds, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Intercontinental guild comparisons, Ordination, Resource partitioning, Šrámková National Nature Reserve. Abstract. Comparisons of community structure across sites allow for the detection of convergent patterns and the selective forces that have produced them. In this study, we examined
    [Show full text]
  • The Latitudinal Distribution of Vegetation Cover in Siberia
    BIO Web of Conferences 16, 00047 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191600047 Results and Prospects of Geobotanical Research in Siberia The latitudinal distribution of vegetation cover in Siberia Irina Safronova*, Tatiana Yurkovsksya Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian academy of sciences Professor Popov str., 2, Saint- Petersburg, 197346, Russia Abstract. The latitudinal changes of vegetation cover on the plains of Siberia are observed. In Western Siberia there are 4 zones (tundra and taiga, and forest-steppe and steppe only here), in Central and North-Eastern Siberia – only 2 zones (tundra and taiga).Tundra zone is represented by 4 subzones in Central Siberia; in Western and North-Eastern Siberia – by 3 subzones (there are no polar subzone). All 5 subzones of the taiga zone are distinguished both in Western Siberia and in the Central Siberia, but in the Central Siberia, forests are found in very high latitudes. The feature of the taiga zone of Western Siberia is high paludification. As a result, the vegetation of mires dominates over the zonal vegetation. Zonal West Siberian types are dark coniferous forests. Light coniferous forests predominate in the taiga zone of Central and North-Eastern Siberia. In the forest-steppe zone in Western Siberia forests are small-leaved − birch, aspen-birch (Betula pendula, Populus tremula). The abundance of mires is the feature of this zone, as well as in the taiga. Taiga forests predominate in Siberia. There is tundra vegetation on the Islands of the Arctic Ocean and on narrow strip along its coast; the steppes occupy a small area in the South of the West Siberian lowland.
    [Show full text]
  • COMMON NAME: European Larch SCIENTIFIC NAME: Larix Decidua FAMILY: Pinaceae
    COMMON NAME: European larch SCIENTIFIC NAME: Larix decidua FAMILY: Pinaceae Mature size: Height: up to 70 feet. Spread: 25 feet wide or wider at maturity. The top three European larches on Colorado’s Champion Tree Registry are all over 70 feet tall and 45 feet wide. This tree in Colorado: The European larch is an under-utilized conversation piece in Colorado. It functions very effectively in larger landscapes as specimens or groupings. Like the majority of trees, it performs best in acidic, established soils. Once established, the larch requires only moderate moisture, making it an easy fit for most manicured landscapes. The European larch should be transplanted when dormant, as planting during the growing season can result in severe shock. There are no significant diseases of larches present in Colorado and few elsewhere. One precautionary note: although the European larch requires a sunny location, it languishes in heat and should not be sited in areas that will receive reflective heat; it is best in established areas with larger trees (a cooler micro-climate). Hardiness: Zones 3A to 6. Quite cold-hardy and needs to be protected from reflective heat. Growth rate, form, and size: Larches grow quickly in comparison to most other conifers and can gain two feet of height in a growing season. This tree will be gracefully pyramidal with drooping branchlets in its youth, and it becomes more rigid and open as it reaches maturity. Foliage: Sprays of single needles cluster along the branches, emerging as a bright green in spring, turning deeper green and finally yellow or orange in fall.
    [Show full text]
  • Tree Improvement, Floral Biology and Nursery Production
    Integrated research activities for supply of improved larch to tree planting: tree improvement, fl oral biology and nursery production LARIX 2007: International Symposium of the IUFRO Working Group S2.02.07 (Larch Breeding and Genetic Resources) Proceedings/Actes Saint-Michel-des-Saints and Québec City, September 16-21, 2007 Schedule of the Symposium Larix 2007: International Symposium of the IUFRO Working Group S2.02.07: Integrated Research Activities for Supply of Improved Larch to Tree Planting: Tree Improvement, Floral Biology and Nursery Production Sunday Sept. 16 Monday Sept. 17 Tuesday Sept. 18 Wednesday Sept. 19 Thursday Sept. 20 Friday Sept. 21 AM Lanaudière Field Trip − Berthierville and IUFRO and PCC/CPC IUFRO Two options: Stop #1 Batiscan Field Trip − 4 Invited Speakers Genetics Typical Sugar Maple − Stop #1 (Joint Session with Tree Breeding 1) Tree Improvement Yellow Birch Stand Berthier Provincial the Poplar Council of Programs at the DRF 12h00 – Silviculture of Larch Stop #2 Nursery – MRNF Canada) (Duchesnay) 1st bus departure : and Wood Tamarack Natural Stand 2) Saint-Modeste Montréal ( P.E.Trudeau • Indoor Orchard Transformation I and II (Larix laricina) (Québec City Provincial Nursery Airport ) to • Controlled Convention Centre) and Propagation Saint-Michel-des-Saints Pollination Centre- MRNF (§ 2h30 drive) • Seed Treatment (Québec City Centre Convention Centre) • (full day) (Provided at (Provided at the (Provided at the (Lunch on your own) (Provided on tour) (Provided on tour) Duchesnay or Saint- Convention Centre) Convention Centre) Modeste) PM Stop #3 Stop #2 IUFRO IUFRO 2) Saint-Modeste : Larch Operational Larix kaempferi Seed Plenary Session: Tree Breeding II • Larch Cutting Plantation (2000) Orchard − Batiscan General Topics on Larch Nursery Production Propagation Poster Session and Floral Biology • White Spruce 18h00 – Stop #4 Arrival in Québec City Somatic 2nd bus departure: Larch Progeny Test and app.
    [Show full text]