The Vascular Flora and Plant Communities of the Bennett Wetland Complex in Henry County, Indiana

Home , Cirsium muticum, Cypripedium candidum, Solidago patula

2009. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 118(1):39-54

THE VASCULAR FLORA AND PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX IN HENRY COUNTY, INDIANA

Donald G. Ruch, Byron G. Torke, Benjamin R. Hess and Kemuel S. Badger: Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306-0440 USA Paul E. Rothrock: Randall Environmental Center, Taylor University, Upland, Indiana 46989-100 l USA

ABSTRACT. An inventory of the vascular flora occurring in the Bennett wetland complex in Henry County, Indiana, revealed 264 species and varieties representing 187 genera in 61 families. Of the 264 species, 210 (79.5%) are native and 54 (20.5%) are exotic. Approximately 52% of all species documented occur in seven families (Asteraceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Rosaceae, Apiaceae, Fabaceae, and Lamiaceae). Of the 54 exotic species documented, approximately 63% occurred in the same families minus the Cyperaceae, and 13 are from the Poaceae. Of the 264 species, 41 are woody, 175 are herbaceous forbs and vines, 43 are grasses and sedges, and 5 are ferns and their allies. The Floristic Quality Index (FQI) for the native species is 54.6 and for all species, native plus exotics, is 48.7. The mean coefficient of conservatism (Cdv) for the native species is 3.8 and for all species, native plus exotics, is 3.0. The FQis suggest that the site is of nature preserve quality and that the site contains noteworthy remnants of the region's natural heritage. The numbers also suggest that the adventives are having a negative impact on the native flora. A discussion is presented suggesting the native FQI may be misleading at this site due to continued anthropogenic disturbance. The flora includes one threatened species (Hypericum ascyron) and four species on the watch list ( C)pripedium candidum, Filipendula rubra, Rhamnus lanceolata, and Selaginella apoda). Eight species represent Henry County records. Based on hydrology and topography, the major community types (mesic woodland, roadside ditch and wet meadow, moist meadow, sedge meadow, and ditch fen) are described. Keywords: Henry County Indiana, fens, sedge meadows, wetland complex. county records-vascular plants, Floristic Quality Index (FQI), plant communities, flora-Indiana, Cypripedium candidum

Wetlands in Indiana and the surrounding natural quality. These inventories and habitat states have experienced major anthropogenic descriptions can then provide guidance for changes during the past two centuries (IDNR future wetland protection and restoration. 1996). Through the period 1790-1980, Dahl The Bennett wetland complex, located east of (1990) estimated that over 85% of Indiana State Road 3 in north-central Henry County, is wetlands were lost. Although these habitats are approximately 1.75 km south of the Delaware critical for a variety of important ecological County line. The botanical features of this site services (IDNR 1996; Mitsch & Gosselink were first made known to the scientific com 2000), wetlands now represent only 3.2% of munity by Ben Torke in 1989. Byron Torke the state's surface area (Dahl 1990). Despite then showed the site to Mike Homoya, this low areal extent, wetlands remain signifi Heritage Botanist IDNR Division of Nature cant for maintaining the biodiversity of the Preserves. Tom Swinford, Regional Ecologist state since a strong relationship exists between at IDNR Division of Nature Preserves, and wetland loss and species listed as threatened or Kevin Tungesvich, Spence Nursery, have also endangered (Hair et al. 1992). visited the site, noting the unusual plant This study of the Bennett wetland complex species. was undertaken as part of a continuing effort to When investigating a site that has not determine the flora and floral communities of previously been studied, an inventory is the east-central Indiana, especially wetlands. Given simplest means to document flora and floral the high rate of wetland loss and degradation community diversity and to identify plants or regionally (IDNR 1996), it is important to sites of special concern. Anthropogenic distur document sites that potentially retain remnant bance near this site has been extensive, i.e.,

39 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

l "' ~...... ----. .,. "' Bennett . Wetland Complex

...... Henry County ......

Figure 1.-Map of Indiana (left) showing the location of Henry County and the location of the Bennett wetland complex within the county (right).

agricultural operations on nearly all sides of the complex lies 1.45 km south-southeast of the fen, road and roadside ditching for draining, IMI wetland complex previously inventoried by and ditching of the actual fen in the past. Ruch et al. (2008b). The latitude and longitude Hence, an inventory was necessary to docu for the point marking the beginning of the fen ment plant biodiversity before it is lost. As on the Bennett property (the star in Fig. 2) are such, the goals of the study were to inventory N40°3'35.9411 and W85°20'42.49. 11 The Bennett and voucher the vascular flora of the wetland property is bordered on the south by CR875N. complex, to visually estimate the distribution The wetland complex is surrounded by row and relative abundance of each species, to crop fields owned since 1965 by Mr. Lowell describe the various habitats and summarize Bennett. Buck Creek runs along the entire seasonal changes in vegetation, and to identify north side of the study site. any communities sensitive to disturbance or The study site contains a variety of natural with plants of special concern. Additional goals habitats (Fig. 2). Along the north side of were to produce a map of the floral communi CR875N, there is small sloping mesic wood ties at the site and to suggest recommendations land. From the road the slope drops about 3- for future management. It should be noted that 4 m to the closest row crop field. The wooded because an extensive wetland (i.e., sedge slope is what remains of a mounded fen at the meadow and fen) occurred on private property base of the valley which existed prior to the along the south side of CR87 SN west of the fen, construction of CR875N. The canopy of this the study area was expanded to include the woodland ranges from very open to completely roadside ditch and meadow approximately closed, and the soil moisture ranges from moist 100 m west of the fen. to dry. A seasonal drainage ditch lies at the bottom of the slope and drains west into the STUDY AREA fen. Along the north side of CR875N, border The Bennett wetland complex is an approx ing the mesic woodland and extending west is a imately 3-3.5 ha plot (- 8 acres) located in typically dry roadside habitat. Along the south north-central Henry County, Indiana (Fig. 1). side of CR875N, the county has maintained a The site lies about 2.5 km southeast of the town ditch to drain water seeping from the uplands of Luray, 2.2 km east of State Road 3, and south of the road across from the study site. In approximately 1.75 km south of the Delaware addition, on the south side of this ditch west of County line. In addition, the Bennett wetland the fen, there is a privately-owned fen/sedge RUCH ET AL-BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX 41

Buck Creek

CR 875 N Plant Communities

private fen/sedge mDIDitch Fen meadow Moist Meadow N lt..:?-.:J t;·ft4 Sedge Meadow -----=====Meters r"T"'1 Row Crops 0 100 200 A ~ ~Sloping Mesic Woods ~ Roadside Ditch and Meadow

Figure 2.-Diagram illustrating the distribution of the major habitat types in the Bennett wetland complex. The asterisk marks the beginning of the fen on the Bennett property as given by the latitude and longitude coordinates in the Study Area section.

meadow which was not included in this study. roadside ditch meadow are on Millgrove loam. As a result of available moisture and the fen/ Millgrove loam is described as being nearly level, sedge meadow, this ditch has a high diversity of very deep, dark-colored, very poorly-drained wetland plants and was included in this study. soils. Lastly, the mesic woodland lies on Eldean On the Bennett property, there is a large sedge silt loam, described as being sloping, well-drained meadow, a moist meadow bordering the soils that are moderately deep, overlying calcar northern quarter of the fen, and the fen. The eous sandy and gravely material. fen is referred to as a "ditch fen" because the Army Corps of Engineers dredged the site four METHODS times during the 20th century, the most recent in During the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons, 1968 (Bennett pers. commun.). Despite efforts approximately one foray every 7-14 days was to drain the site, the wetland plants have made into the study area. Forays were random; continued to populate the area. but due to the size of the site, all areas were The study site lies in the southern section of covered. Voucher specimens for each species the Tipton Till Plain region of the Central Till observed were collected and deposited in the Plain (Homoya et al. 1985) and occurs in the Ball State University Herbarium (BSUH). Upper White River Watershed (USGS Cata Notes on vegetation consisted of species lists loging Unit 05120201). Buck Creek, which with visual estimates of their distribution and receives the water from the fen, empties into abundance (see catalog of vascular plants, the White River near Muncie, Indiana. Appendix 1). Additionally, seasonal changes According to the Web Soil Survey (WSS 2008), in the dominant vegetation, based on phenol the Bennett wetland complex lies on three soil ogy, were noted for the various habitats. types. The large sedge meadow is on Martisco Nomenclature follows the USDA Plants Data muck, described as being very level, very deep, base (USDA 2008). The floristic quality index and very poorly-drained soils formed in a thin (FQI) for the site was determined using the mantle of well-decomposed organic deposits program developed by the Conservation Re overlying marl. The moist meadow bordering search Institution (Wilhlem & Masters 2000) in the northern quarter of the fen, the fen. and the conjunction with Rothrock (2004). 42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

Table 1.-Floristic quality summary. Cav is the phyotrichum oolentangiense, and Symplocarpus mean coefficient of conservatism and FQI is the foetidus. Additionally, 14 species have C = 7. floristic quality index. Based upon the Indiana Natural Heritage Data Center's records for Henry County and Count FQI the plants reported at Wilbur Wright Fish and Native species 210 3.8 54.6 Wildlife Area (Ruch et al. 2002) and the Irving Total species 264 3.0 48.7 Materials, Inc. (IMI) wetland complex (Ruch et al. 2008b ), eight species documented at the Bennett wetland complex represent Henry RESULTS County records, including Comandra umbel The catalog of the vascular flora documented lata, Coreopsis tripteris, Cypripedium candidum, at the Bennett wetland complex is listed in Hierochloe hirta subsp. arctica (Hierochloe Appendix 1. A total of 264 species representing odorata), Hypericum ascyron, Hypoxis hirsuta, 187 genera from 61 families was collected. Senna hebecarpa, and Sporobolus neglectus. Twenty-one families are represented by only Lastly, using the list on the Division of Nature one species each. The family with the highest Preserves, Indiana Department of Natural number of species is the Asteraceae (49 spp.) Resources website (2007), the status of several followed by the Poaceae (26 spp.) and the plants at the Bennett wetland complex is as Cyperaceae (17, including 12 Carex species). follows: Threatened: Hypericum ascyron; Approximately 52% of the species documented Watch List: Cypripedium candidum, Filipendula occur in only 7 families, e.g., Rosaceae (12 rubra, Rhamnus lanceolata, and Selaginella spp.), Fabaceae (8 spp.), Apiaceae (11 spp.), apoda. Lamiaceae (9 spp.), plus the three listed above. HABITAT DESCRIPTIONS Additionally, of the 54 exotics documented, 63% (34 spp.) occurred in the same families Mesic woodland.-The three most notable plant species occurring in this site were minus the Cyperaceae, and 13 were from the Hypericum ascyron, Cypripedium candidum, Poaceae. and Coreopsis tripteris. The herbaceous layer A physiognomic analysis of the flora disclos consists of species typical of mesic woodlands es that, of the 264 species, 210 (79.5%) are in east-central Indiana (Table 2). Grasses native and 54 (20.5%) are exotic (adventive) growing at this site were Phalaris arundinacea (Appendix 1). Of the 210 native species, 35 are (abundant), Festuca subverticillata, Elymus woody species (trees, shrubs, and vines), 140 villosus, and Leersia virginica. Vines and shrubs species are herbaceous forbs and vines, 30 are included Celastrus scandens, Humulus lupulus, graminoid species, and 5 are ferns and their Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Rhamnus lanceo allies. Of the 54 adventive species, 6 are woody lata var. glabrata, Ribes cynosbati, and Smilax species (trees and shrubs), 35 are forbs, and 13 tamnoides. The most frequent trees were Acer are grasses. The Floristic Quality Indices (FQI) saccharum, Ce/tis occidentalis, Fraxinus ameri and mean coefficients of conservatism (Cav) are cana, Populus deltoides, and Ulmus rubra. shown in Table 1. Roadside ditch and wet meadow.-Because Of the 210 native species documented, nine this ditch remained wet the entire growing have a coefficient of conservatism of 10, season and because the ditch was bordered on including Arnoglossum plantagineum, Cypripe its south side by an undisturbed, privately dium candidum, Eleocharis elliptica, Hierochloe owned fen/sedge meadow, this habitat boasted hirta subsp. arctica ( = Hierochloe odorata), a very rich biodiversity of hydrophytes. [Since Hypericum ascyron, Lithospermum canescens, the completion of this study, the county has re Lobelia kalmii, Prenanthes racemosa, and Oli ditched this site.] Spring to mid-summer goneuron ohioense. Five species have C values herbaceous plants included Acorus calamus, of 9, including Carex tetanica, Dasiphora Angelica atropurpurea, five Carex spp., Eleo fruticosa var. floribunda, Filipendula rubra, charis erythropoda, Heuchera americana, Juncus Lysimachia quadriflora, and Oligoneuron riddel dudleyi, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Scir lii. Seven species have C values of 8, including pus atrovirens, S. pendulus, and Thelypteris Cirsium muticum, Coreopsis tripteris, Liatris palustris. Mid-summer to fall herbaceous flora spicata, Phlox maculata, Solidago patula, Sym- included Carex frankii, Desmodium canadense, RUCH ET AL.--BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX 43

Table 2.---Some of the herbaceous plants occurring in the mesic woodland at the Bennett wetland site; listed by season.

Spring species Summer species Late Summer-Fall species Arisaema dracontium Circaea lutetiana Agastache nepetoides Dodecatheon meadia Cryptotaenia canadensis Ageratina altissima Osmorhiza longistylis Galium concinnum Amphicarpaea bracteata Potentilla simplex Orbed/um onobrychis Hackelia virginiana Sanicula odorata Phytolacca americana Lactuca biennis Triosteum aurantiacum Smilax lasioneura Phryma leptostachya T. perfoliatum Symphyotrichum cordifolium Urtica dioica gracilis

Eupatorium perfoliatum, Euthamia graminifolia, Ditch fen.-On the Bennett property, the fen Filipendula rubra, Galium asprellum, Impatiens starts at a large drain pipe that crosses under capensis, Lilium michiganense, Lobelia siphili and drains the uplands south of CR875N. The tica, Oxypolis rigidior, Pedicularis lanceolata, water from the pipe drains downslope and Pycnanthemum virginianum, Symphyotrichum eventually enters Buck Creek. To minimize the puniceum, and Typha latifolia. Grasses growing spread of water and make more land available at the site included Andropogon gerardii, for farming, the Army Corps of Engineers Glyceria striata, Leersia oryzoides, and Sor ditched the fen in 1968 (Bennett pers. com ghastrum nutans. Shrubs found at this site mun. ). Phalaris arundinacea covers much of the included Cornus racemosa, Salix petiolaris, slope and bottom of the fen, and as a result, and Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis. many of the quality fen plants grow only in one Sedge meadow.-Notable plants occurring in or two locations and often are represented by this habitat during the spring were Carex only a few individuals. Table 3 lists some of the tetanica, C. trichocarpa, and Hierochloe hirta species observed in the fen during the various subsp. arctica ( = Hierochloe odorata). During seasons. the summer, Arnoglossum plantagineum, Lysi Although not found during the current machia quadriflora, Pycnanthemum virginianum, study, several species were previously observed Senna hebecarpa, Silphium integrifolium, and S. in the ditch fen by Byron and Ben Torke. These terebinthinaceum were common to abundant. In included Agalinis purpurea (L.) Pennell (C = 6), late summer and fall, Euthamia graminifolia, Gentianopsis virgata (Raf.) Holub (C = 8), Oligoneuron ohioense, 0. riddellii, Silphium Parnassia glauca Raf. (C = 10), Rhynchospora perfoliatum, and Symphyotrichum novae-angliae capillacea Torr. (C = 10), and Schizachyrium were common to abundant. Throughout the scoparium (Michx.) Nash (C = 4). These species growing season, Selaginella apoda grew abun were not included in the numerical analysis of dantly along the border of the sedge meadow. the site. They may still be present in the seed Although few shrubs and trees grew at this site, bank and removal of Phalaris arundinacea from the two most frequent were Cornus obliqua and the fen may allow their return. Salix nigra. Moist meadow at northern end of ditch fen. DISCUSSION This site was dominated by grasses and exotic The vascular flora at the Bennett wetland species. Exotics species included Alliaria petio complex includes an assemblage of plants, and lata, Lamium purpureum, Sisymbrium loeselii, consequently plant families, typical for sites in and Stellaria media. Native herbaceous species east-central Indiana (Rothrock et al. 1993; occurring in this meadow were Impatiens Rothrock 1997; Ruch et al. 1998, 2002, 2004, pallida, Lactuca canadensis, Laportea canaden 2007, 2008a, b; Stonehouse et al. 2003). Earlier sis, Packera glabella, and Polygonum scandens. Ruch et al. (2008b) reported that the wetland Grasses included Bromus inermis, Elymus virgi complex on the IMI property near Luray, nicus, and Poa compressa. All grasses were Indiana, had a higher percentage of grasses common to abundant. Shrubs and trees includ and sedges (about 20%) when compared to ed Juf{lans nigra and Rhus glabra. other, non-wetland sites. Although dominated 44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

Table 3.-Some of the herbaceous species occurring in the ditch fen at the Bennett wetland complex; listed by season.

Spring species Summer species Late Summer-Fall species Cardamine bulhosa Cicuta maculata Che/one glabra Carex stricta Euphorhia corollata Cirsium muticum C. tetanica M onarda fistulosa Dasiphora fruticosa floribunda Comandra umbellata Phlox maculata Epilobium coloratum Eleocharis elliptica Rudbeckia hirta pulcherrima Helianthus giganteus Hypoxis hirsuta Thalictrum revolutum Liatris spicata Lithospermum canescens Lobelia kalmii Senecio aureus Physostegia virginiana Smilacina stellata Pilea fontana Symplocarpus foetidus Prenanthes racemosa Zizia aurea Solidago patula Symphyotrichum oolentangiense

by wetlands, the complex on the Bennett property reference sites in central Indiana (Rothrock & did not reveal the same dominance of graminoids Homoya 2005). Although a number of quality - only about 6% (43 species) were graminoids plants grow at the site, the number of quality (including I 0 species of grass that were observed plants does not fully tell the story. Much of the growing only along the dry roadside). This slopes and ditch of the fen is covered by reduction of graminoids was due to the reduced Phalaris arundinacea, which grows so thickly number of sedges, especially Carex spp., found at that it forms a near monoculture. As a result, the site. At IMI, 27 sedge species, including 20 many fen plants, such as Prenanthes racemosa, Carex spp., were reported, as compared to the Symphyotrichum oolentangiense, Lithospermum Bennett property's 17 sedge species, including 12 canescens, and Comandra umbellata, occur only Carex spp. The reduction in sedge species may be at one site and are often represented with a low the result of the severe anthropogenic distur number of individuals. Additionally, Rothrock bances the site has experienced over the years. On & Homoya (2005) have suggested that the the other hand, the number of species in the natural quality of an area is compromised when Asteraceae is considerably higher. At the Bennett adventive diversity lowers Cav by more than wetland complex, 49 species ( - 19% of the total 0.7 units. A comparison of the mean coefficient species) were reported, while at the IMT wetland of conservatism for the native species (Cav = complex 37 species (- 13% of the total species) 3.8) versus the mean coefficient of conservatism were reported. for all species (Cav = 3.0), indicates that the The floristic quality index (FQI) for the natural quality of the Bennett wetland complex native flora at the Bennett wetland complex is being impacted by exotic species. was 54.6, with a mean coefficient of conserva Although floral diversity has been impacted tism (CaJ of 3.8 (Table 1). Although these by human activity and the invasion of exotic values indicate that the site retains noteworthy plant species, the quality of plants at the remnants of a region's natural heritage, this Bennett wetland complex, based on Cm is conclusion needs to be tempered with caution. superior to most mitigation wetland sites. Smit In spite of continued human impact, the values (2008) conducted a study of 21 MOOT suggest that some quality plants, especially mitigation wetlands ranging in age from 3-15 those of the fen, continue to grow at the site. years. The area sampled within each wetland An analysis of the coefficients of conservatism avoided areas that obviously failed basic for the plants indicates that 21 (10%) of the wetland criteria even though they may have native plant species have a C value ::=:: 8, and 35 been part of the mitigation effort. In summary, (17%) of the native plant species have C values only 7 of 21 sites were able to attain a native ::=:: 7. These numbers are comparable to those Cav ::=:: 3.0, with just four reaching the level of reported from the IMI wetland complex (Ruch the Bennett site, i.e., Cav between 3.5 and 3.9. et al. 2008b). In addition, the Cav of 3.8 falls As a wetland complex containing fens in within the values obtained for the best quality east-central Indiana, the Bennett wetland com- RUCH ET AL-BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX 45 plex does not possess the same quality as the fen, be burned at regular intervals and other IMI wetland complex (Ruch et al. 2008b). exotics control measures be instituted. Nonetheless, given the increasing rarity of remnant wetlands in east-central Indiana, and ACKNOWLEDGMENTS especially groundwater fed communities, it is The authors wish to thank the Department important to undertake restorative measures. of Biology at Ball State University for provid At Cabin Creek Raised Bog (fen), we have ing partial financial support of this project. We observed that the percent cover of native also wish to express our appreciation to the species increases, while the percent cover of Lowell Bennett family for allowing us access to exotic species decreases with burning (unpubl. the site. Lastly, we express are sincere gratitude data). Based on these observations and the to Ball State University students Michelle current quality of the fen, we recommend that Lemons and Jamie Lau for their invaluable the Bennett wetland complex, especially the assistance in the herbarium.

APPENDIX 1

CATALOG OF VASCULAR FLORA AT THE BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX (arranged alphabetically by family within divisions) Listed are voucher specimens for all species The status categories of certain species in brackets, observed at the Bennett Wetland Complex in Henry e.g., [Threatened] or [Watch List], were determined County, Indiana. Nomenclature follows the USDA using the list of the Divisions of Nature Preserves, Plants Database (USDA 2008). Each species report Indiana Department of Natural Resources (2007). contains the following information: (1) current scientific name based on the USDA Plants Database; DIVISION L YCOPODIOPHYTA (2) recent taxonomic synonyms, if appropriate; (3) (Lycopods) common name(s), based primarily on Gleason & Cronquist (1991 ), Swink & Wilhelm (1994 ), and Selaginellaceae (Spike Moss Family) Yatskievych (2000); (4) typical habitat(s) within the Selaginella apoda (L.) Spring; Meadow Spikemoss, study site; (5) visual estimate of relative abundance; Marsh Club Moss; Border between the sedge (6) the coefficient of conservatism (C-value) for meadows and the row crop field; Common at this Indiana (Rothrock 2004); and (7) the Ball State site; C = 4; BSUH 14714. [Watch List] University Herbarium (BSUH) number(s). Due to the small size of the study site, our DIVISION EQUISETOPHYTA standard definitions of relative abundance (Ruch et (Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) al. 2002) were modified as follows: rare = a low number of plants occurring at one to two sites; Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family) infrequent = occasional, not widespread throughout Equisetum arvense L.; Common or Field Horsetail; its potential habitats, but may be locally abundant at Ditch fen; Common; C = L BSUH 14818. one or two sites; common = frequent throughout its Equisetum hyemale L. var. affine (Engelm.) A.A. potential habitats and may be locally abundant at Eaton; Common or Tall Scouring Rush; Sedge one or more sites; and abundant = common and meadow; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14725. numerous throughout its potential habitats. The symbols in parentheses immediately preced DIVISION PTERIDOPHYTA ing each species refer to the following: * = naturalized, non-native (exotic) species, and # = (Ferns) Henry County record. Species were deemed unre Ophioglossaceae (Adder's Tongue Family) ported for Henry County (and hence considered a county record) if they did not appear in the Botrychium virginianum (L.) Swartz; Rattlesnake computer database of Keller et al. ( 1984), were not Fern; Open woods south side of CR 875N; Rare; C reported from Wilbur Wright Fish and Wildlife = 4; BSUH 14907. Area (Ruch et al. 2002) or from the IMI wetland complex (Ruch et al. 2008). (The database of Keller Thelypteridaceae (Marsh Fern Family) et al. (1984) is the same list of plants for Henry Thelypteris palustris Schott var. pubescens (G. County as the one at the Indiana Natural Heritage Lawson) Fernald; SYN: Dryopteris thelypteris (L.) Data Center, IDNR.) A. Gray var. pubescens (G. Lawson) Nakai; Eastern 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

Marsh Fem, Marsh Shield Fem; Sedge meadow and Apocynaceae (Dogbane Family) wet ditch; Infrequent; C = 7; BSUH 14879. Apocynum cannabinum L.; Dogbane, American Indian Hemp; Bank of ditch fen; Rare; C = 2; BSUH DIVISION MAGNOLIOPHYTA 14869. (Angiosperms) Aceraceae (Maple Family) Araceae (Arum Family) Acer negundo L.; Boxelder, Ash-leaved Maple; Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott; Green Dragon, Roadside meadow; Rare; C = 1; BSUH 14711. Dragon Root; Slope woods; Rare; C = 5; BSUH 14918. Acer saccharum Marshall; Sugar Maple; Open Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott; Jack-in-the-Pul woods south ofCR875N; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14741. pit, Indian Turnip; Slope woods; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14816. Acoraceae (Sweet Flag Family) Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.; Skunk (*) Acorus calamus L.; Sweet Flag, One-Veined Cabbage; Ditch fen and low wet areas of slope Sweetflag; Wet roadside ditch; Rare but locally woods; Common; C = 8; BSUH 14797. common; C = O; BSUH 14911. Asclepiadaceae (Milkweed Family) Anacardiaceae (Cashew or Sumac Family) Cynanchum laeve (Michx.) Pers.; SYN: Ampelamus Rhus glabra L.; Smooth Sumac; Banks of ditch albidus (Nutt.) Britton; Sandvine, Bluevine, Honey fen; Rare but locally common; C = 1; BSUH vine; Bank of ditch fen and roadside; Infrequent; C 14836. = l; BSHU 14705, 14781. Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze subsp. negundo Asclepias syriaca L.; Common Milkweed; Sedge (Greene) Gillis; Eastern or Common Poison Ivy; meadow; Common; C = I; BSUH 14834. Dry roadside and slope woods; Infrequent; C = 1; BSUH 14759. Asteraceae (Aster Family) Apiaceae (Carrot Family) Achillea millefolium L.; Common Yarrow; Com Angelica atropurpurea L.; Purple-Stem Angelica; mon Milfoil; Dry roadside; Rare; C = 0; BSUH Wet roadside ditch; Rare; C = 6; BSUH 14885. 14932. Cicuta maculata L. var. maculata; Common or Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.; Spotted Water Hemlock; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 6; SYN: Eupatorium rugosum Houtt.; White Snakeroot; BSUH 14847. Slope woods; Infrequent; C = 2; BSUH 14742. Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC.; Canadian Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var. elatior Descourt.; Honewort; Woods; Infrequent to common; Slope Common or Annual Ragweed; Dry roadside; Com woods; Common; C = 3; BSUH 14872. mon; C = O; BSUH 14775. (*) Daucus carota L.; Wild Carrot, Queen Anne's Ambrosia trifida L.; Giant Ragweed; Banks of Lace; Dry roadside; Common; C = O; BSUH 14831. ditch fen; Infrequent; C = O; BSUH 14783. Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC.; Long-styled Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf.; SYN: Cacalia Sweet Cicely, Aniseroot; Slope woods; Common; C plantaginea (Raf.) Shinners, Cacalia tuberosa Nutt.; = 3; BSUH 14793. Tuberous Indian Plantain, Groovestem Indian Plan Oxypolis rigidior (L.) Raf.; Cowbane, Stiff Cow tain, Prairie Indian Plantain; Sedge meadow; Infre bane, Common Water Dropwort; Wet roadside ditch quent; C = JO; BSUH 14855. and ditch fen; Infrequent; C = 7; BSUH 14774. (*) Cichorium intybus L.; Chicory; Dry roadside; (*) Pastinaca sativa L.; Wild Parsnip; Dry road Abundant; C = O; BSUH 14932. side; Common; C = O; BSUH 14883. (*) Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.; SYN: Cirsium Sanicula canadensis L.; Canada Black Snakeroot, arvense (L.) Scop. var. horridum Wimmer & Grab.; Canada Sanicle; Slope woods and open woods south Field or Canada Thistle; Open woodland slope; of CR875N; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14890. Rare; C = O; BSUH 14935. Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M. Pryer & L.R. Cirsium discolor (Muhl.) Spreng.; Field or Pasture Phillippe; SYN: Sanicula gregaria Bickn.; Cluster Thistle; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; Rare; C = Sanicle, Clustered Black Snakeroot; Slope woods; 3; BSUH 14682. Abundant; C = 2; BSUH 14916. Cirsium muticum Michx.; Swamp or Fen Thistle; (*) Tori/is arvensis (Huds.) Link; Field or Spread Ditch fen; Common; C = 8; BSUH 14703. ing Hedge Parsley; Top edge of ditch fen; Rare; C = Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist; Horseweed; O; BSUH 15848. Dry roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14709. Zizia aurea (L.) Koch; Common Golden Alexan ( #) Coreopsis tripteris L.; Tall Tickseed, Tall der, Golden Zizia; Ditch fen; Infrequent; C = 7; Coreopsis; Flat, open edge of mesic woods; Rare BSUH 14825, 14865, 15850. but locally frequent; C = 8; BSUH 14708. RUCH ET AL-BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX 47

Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers.; Annual Fleabane, Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnhart; Globular, Eastern Daisy Fleabane; Dry roadside and meadow; Pinnate Prairie, or Gray-Headed Coneflower; Road Rare; C = O; BSUH 14888. side ditch and meadow; Rare but locally abundant; C Erigeron philadelphicus L.; Philadelphia Daisy, = 5; BSUH 14757. Marsh Fleabane; Meadow north of fen; Infrequent; Rudbeckia hirta L. var. pulcherrima Farw.; Black C = 3; BSUH 14807. Eyed Susan; Ditch fen and sedge meadow; Common; Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (L.) R.M. King & H. C = 2; BSUH 14868. Rob.; SYN: Eupatorium maculatum L.; Spotted Joe Silphium integrifolium Michx. var. integrifolium; Pye Weed, Spotted Trumpetweed; Open slope Prairie Rosinweed, Entire-Leaved Rosinweed; Sedge woods; Common; C = 5; BSUH 14763. meadow; Abundant; C= 7; BSUH 14837. Eupatorium altissimum L.; Tall Eupatorium, Tall Silphium perfoliatum L. var. perfoliatum; Cup Boneset, Tall Thoroughwort; Sedge meadow; Rare, Plant; Sedge meadow; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14790. one large flowering colony; C = 1; BSUH 14693. Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. var. terebinthina Eupatorium perfoliatum L.; Common Boneset; Wet ceum: Prairie Dock Prairie Rosinweed, Basal roadside ditch and meadow; Infrequent; C = 4; Leaved Rosinweed; Sedge meadow; Common; C = BSUH 14748. 6; BSUH 14838. Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. ex Cass. var. Solidago altissima L.; SYN: Solidago canadensis L. graminifolia; SYN: Solidago graminifolia (L.) Salisb.; var. scabra Torr. & A. Gray; Common, Tall, or Common Flat-Topped Goldenrod; Ditch fen and Canada Goldenrod; Roadside ditch and meadow; roadside ditch and meadow north of fen; Infrequent; Infrequent; C = O; BSUH 14939. C = 3; BSUH 14685. Solidago gigantea Aiton; Giant, Late, or Smooth (*) Galinsoga quadriradiata Cav.; Common Quick Goldenrod; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14701. weed, Peruvian Daisy, Shaggy Soldier; Slope woods; Solidago patula Muhl.; Rough-Leaved or Round Rare; C = O; BSUH 14697. leaf Goldenrod; Ditch fen; Common; C = 8; BSUH Helianthus giganteus L.; Giant, Tall or Swamp 14724. Sunflower; Ditch fen; Common; C = 6; BSUH (*) Sonchus asper (L.) Hill; Prickly or Spiny Sow 14704. Thistle; Dry roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14674. Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet; Sunflower Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.) G.L. Nesom; Everlasting, False Sunflower, Smooth Oxeye; Ditch SYN: Aster cordifolius L.; Common Blue Wood and open woods south of CR875N; Rare; C = 4; Aster, Common Blue Heart-Leaved Aster; Slope BSUH 14749. woods; Rare; C = 5; BSUH 14678. Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald; Tall Blue Lettuce; Slope woods; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14695. Symphyotrichum j1rmum (Nees) G.L. Nesom; Lactuca canadensis L.; Tall or Canada Wild SYN: Aster firmis Nees; Shining Aster, Shiny-Leaved Lettuce; Dry roadside and meadow north of fen; Aster; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; Common; C Infrequent; C = 2; BSUH 14789. = 4; BSUH 14669. (*) Lactuca serriola L.; Prickly Lettuce; Dry Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) G.L. Nesom roadside; Rare but locally frequent; C = O; BSUH ssp. lanceolatum var. lanceolatum; SYN: Aster 14754. lanceolatus Willd. var. simplex (Willd.) A.G. Jones, Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. var. spicata; Marsh, Aster simplex Willd.; White Panicle Aster, Eastern Dense, or Sessile Blazing Star; Ditch fen; Common; Lined Aster; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; C = 8; BSUH 14784. Infrequent; C = 3; BSUH 14668. Oligoneuron ohioense (Frank ex Riddell) G.N. Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) G.L. Nesom; Jones; SYN: Solidago ohioensis Riddell; Ohio Gold SYN: Aster novae-angliae L.; New England Aster; enrod; Sedge meadow; Common; C = 10; BSUH Sedge meadow; lnfrequent; C = 3; BSUH 14694. 14715. Symphyotrichum oolentangiense (Riddell) G.L. Oligoneuron riddellii (Frank ex Riddell) Rydb.; Nesom var. oolentangiense: SYN: Aster oolentangien Solidago riddellii Frank.; Riddell's Goldenrod; Sedge sis Riddell, Aster azureus Lindi.; Skyblue Aster, meadow; Abundant; C = 9; BSUH 14679. Azure Aster; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 8; BSUH Packera aurea (L.) A. Love & D. Love; SYN: 14689. Senecio aureus L.; Heart-leaved Groundsel, Golden Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L. Nesom var, Ragwort; Ditch fen; Common; C = 4; BSUH 14830. pilosum; SYN: Aster pilosus Willd. var. pilosus; Awl Packera glabella (Poir.) C. Jeffrey; SYN: Senecio Aster, Hairy White Old-Field Aster; Dry roadside glabellus Poir.; Yellowtop, Butterweed; Meadow and open slope woods; Infrequent; C = O; BSHU north of fen; Rare but locally common; C = O; 14671. BSUH 14806. Symphyotrichum puniceum (L.) A. Love & D. Prenanthes racemosa Michx. var. racemosa; Glau Love; SYN: Aster puniceus L.; Bristly Aster, Purple cous White Lettuce, Glaucous or Purple Rattle Stcm Aster; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; snake-Root; Ditch fen; Rare; C = IO; BSUH 14677. Infrequent; C = 7; BSUH 14683. 48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

(*) Taraxacum ojjicinale F.H.Wigg; Common Lobelia siphilitica L.; Great Blue Lobelia; Wet Dandelion; Dry roadside and top of slope of ditch roadside ditch and meadow; Common; C = 3; fen; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14728. BSUH 14710. (*) Tragopogon dubius Scop.; Fistulous or Sand Goat's Beard, Yellow Salsify; Dry roadside; Rare; C Cannabinaceae (Indian Hemp Family) = O; BSUH 14902. Humulus lupulus L. var. lupuloides E. Small; Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Britton; Wingstem; Common Hops; Open slope woods and meadow; Open woods south of CR875N; Rare; C = 3; BSUH Infrequent but locally common; C = 5; BSUH 14923. 14747. Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. subsp. gigantea; Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Tall Ironweed; Dry roadside; Infrequent; C = 2; (*) Lonicera X bella Zabel; Showy Fly Honeysuckle; BSUH 14758. Roadside in slope woods; Rare; C = O; BSHU 14812. (*) Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder; Amur Balsaminaceae (Touch-me-not Family) Honeysuckle; Slope woods; Infrequent; C = O; Impatiens capensis Meerb.; Orange or Spotted BSUH 14926. Touch-Me-Not or Jewelweed; Wet ditch and mead Sambucus nigra L. subsp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli; ow; Infrequent; C = 2; BSUH 14756. SYN: Sambucus canadensis L.; Common Elder or Impatiens pallida Nutt.; Pale or Yellow Touch-Me Elderberry; Wet ditch and open woods south of Not or Jewelweed; Meadow north of fen; Rare; C = CR876N; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14889. 4; BSUH 14842. Triosteum aurantiacum E.P. Bicknell var. aurantia cum; Orange-Fruit Horse Gentian; Slope woods; Boranginaceae (Borage Family) Rare; C = 5; BSUH 14873. Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M. Johnst.; Stickseed, Triosteum perfoliatum L.; Perfoliate Horse Gen Beggar's Lice; Slope woods; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14770. tian, Feverwort; Slope woods; Rare, but locally Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm.; Hoary common; C = 5; BSUH 14915. Puccoon; Ditch fen; Rare but locally frequent; C = Viburnum prunifolium L.; Black Haw; Bank of 10; BSUH 14829. ditch fen (west side); Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14823.

Brassicaceae (Mustard Family) Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family) (*) Alliaria petiolata (Bieb.) Cavara & Grande; (*) Cerastium fontanum Baumg. subsp. vulgare Garlic Mustard; Meadow north of fen; Infrequent; C (Hartm.) Greuter & Burdet; SYN: Cerastium vulga = O; BSUH 14809. tum L.; Common Mouse-Ear Chickweed, Big Chick (*) Barbarea vulgaris W.T. Aiton; Yellow Rocket; weed; Dry roadside; Rare; C = 0; BSUH 14898. Dry roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14905. (*) Saponaria ofjicinalis L.; Soapwort, Bouncing Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb. ex Muhl.) B.S.P.; Bet; Dry roadside; Infrequent; C = 0; BSUH 14761. SYN: Cardamine rhomboidea (Pers.) DC.; Bulbous (*) Silene latifolia Poir. subsp. alba (Mill.) Greuter Bittercress, Spring Cress; Ditch fen; Abundant; C = & Burdet; SYN: Lychnis alba Mill.; White Campion, 4; BSUH 14801. White Cockle, Evening Campion; Wet ditch and (*) Erysimum cheiranthoides L.; Wormseed Mus open woods on south side of CR875N; Infrequent tard. Wormseed Wallflower; Edge of mesic woods but locally common; C = O; BSUH 14738. next to row crop field; Rare but locally frequent; C = (*) Stellaria media (L.) Viii.; Common Chickweed; O; BSUH 14854. Meadow north of fen; Common; C = O; BSUH 14805. (*) Lepidium campestre (L.) W.T. Aiton; Field Celastraceae (Staff-tree Family) Peppergrass or Pepperweed, Cow Cress; Dry road side; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14813. Celastrus scandens L.; American or Climbing (*) Sisymbrium loeselii L.; Tall Hedge Mustard, Bittersweet; Slope woods and bank of ditch fen; Small Tumbleweed Mustard; Meadow north of fen; Infrequent; C = 2; BSUH 14845. Common; C = O; BSUH 14804. Clusiaceae (Mangosteen Family) Campanulaceae (Bellflower Family) (#) Hypericum ascyron L.; SYN: Hypericum Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small; SYN: pyramidatum Aiton; Great St. John's Wort; Flat, Campanula americana L.; Tall or American Bellflow open edge of mesic woods; Rare but locally frequent; er; Roadside meadow and slope woods; Infrequent; C = 10; BSUH 14937. [Threatened] C = 4; BSUH 14735. Lobelia inflata L.; Indian Tobacco; Open woods Convolvulaceae (Morning-glory Family) south of CR875N; Rare; C = 3; BSUH 14700. Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br.; American or Hedge Lobelia kalmii L.; Kalm's Lobelia, Ontario Lobe Bindweed; Roadside and meadows; Common; C = l; lia; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 10; BSUH 14691. BSUH 14881. RUCH ET AL-BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX 49

(*) lpornoea hederacea Jacq.; Ivy-Leaved Morning Schoenoplectus tabernaernontani (C.C. Gmel.) Glory; Roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14673. Palla; SYN: Scirpus validus Yahl; Soft-Stem Bulrush; Jpornoea pandurata (L.) G. Mey.; Wild Potato, Wet roadside ditch and meadow; Rare; C = 4; Man-of-the-Earth; Sedge meadow and roadside; BSUH 14893. Infrequent; C = 3; BSUH 14672. Scirpus atrovirens Willd.; Dark Green Bulrush, Green Bulrush; Roadside ditches and meadow; Cornaceae (Dogwood Family) Common; C = 4; BSUH 14928. Cornus obliqua Raf.; SYN: Cornus arnornurn Miller Scirpus pendulus Muhl.; Red Bulrush, Rufous var. schuetzeana (C.A. Mey.) Rickett; Knob-Styled Bulrush; Wet roadside ditch; Rare; C = 2; BSUH Dogwood, Silky Dogwood; Sedge meadow; Infre 15849. quent; C = 5; BSUH 14853. Cornus drurnrnondii C.A. Mey.; Rough-Leaved Elaeagnaceae (Oleaster Family) Dogwood; Top of bank of ditch fen (west side); (*) Elaeagnus urnbellata Thunb.; Autumn Olive; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14864. Open slope woods; Rare; C = 0; BSUH 14766. Cornus racernosa Lam.; Northern Swamp Dog wood, Gray Dogwood; Edge of slope woods; Rare; Euphorbiaceae (Spurge Family) C = 2; BSUH 14852. Euphorbia corollata L. var. corollata; Flowering Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Spurge; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14787. Carex frankii Kunth; Bristly Cattail or Frank's Charnaesyce rnaculata (L.) Small; SYN: Euphorbia Sedge; Wet roadside ditch; Rare; C = 2; BSUH rnaculata L., Euphorbia supina Raf.; Milk Purslane, 14737. Spotted Spurge, Creeping Spurge, Spotted Sandmat; Carex granularis Muhl.; Pale Sedge, Limestone Roadside; Infrequent; C = O; BSUH 14670. Meadow Sedge; Ditch fen; Infrequent; C = 2; BSUH Charnaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small; SYN: Euphorbia 14920. nutans Lag., Euphorbia rnaculata auct. non L.; Carex grisea Wahlenb.; Wood Gray Sedge, Inflat Eyebane, Nodding Spurge; Roadside; Abundant; C ed Narrow-Leaf Sedge; Open woods; Rare; C = 2; = O; BSUH 14706, 14765. BSUH 14940. Carex hystericina Willd.; Porcupine Sedge, Bottle Fabaceae (Pea or Bean Family) brush Sedge; Wet roadside ditch; Rare; C = 5; Arnphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fernald; Hog Peanut; BSUH 14912. Slope woods; Common; C = 5; BSUH 14707. Carce laevivaginata (Kiik.) Mack.; Smooth Apios arnericana Medik.; Common Ground Nut, Sheathed Fox Sedge; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 7; BSUH Wild Bean; Ditch and open woods south of 14819. CR875N; Rare but locally common; C = 3; BSUH Carex lurida Wahlenb.; Bottlebrush Sedge; Wet 14753. roadside ditch; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14929. Desrnodiurn canadense (L.) DC.; Canadian Tick Carex pellita Willd.; Broad-leaved Woolly Sedge, Trefoil, Showy Tick Trefoil; Wet roadside ditch and Woolly Sedge; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; ditch fen; Infrequent; C = 3; BSUH 14755, 14846. Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14914. Carn; stipata Willd.; Common Fox Sedge, Owl (*) Medicago lupulina L.; Black Medic; Dry fruit Sedge; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14884. (*) L.; Infrequent; C = 2; BSUH 14817. Medicago sativa Common Alfalfa; Dry Carex stricta Lam.; Common Tussock Sedge, roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14746. Upright Sedge; Ditch fen and sedge meadow; (*) Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.; SYN: Melilotus Abundant; C = 5 BSUH 14811. a/bus Medik., Melilotus officinale (L.) Pall.; Yellow Carex tetanica Schkuhr; Common Stiff Sedge, Sweet Clover, White Sweet Clover, White Melilot; Rigid Sedge; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 9; BSUH 14824. Dry roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14762, 14886. Carex trichocarpa Muhl. ex Willd.; Hairy-Fruited Orbexilurn onobrychis (Nutt.) Rydb.; SYN: Psor Lake Sedge; Sedge meadow; Rare; C = 4; BSUH alea onobrychis Nutt.; French Grass, Sainfoin, 14856. Sampson's Snakeroot; Roadside and edge of slope Carex vulpinoidea Michx.; Brown Fox Sedge; Wet woods; Rare but locally abundant; C = 4; BSUH roadside ditch and meadow; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14871. 14875. (*) Securigera varia (L.) Lassen; SYN: Coronilla Eleocharis elliptica Kunth; Golden-Seed Spike varia L.; Crown Vetch; Roadside; Rare; C = O; Rush, Elliptic Spike Rush; Ditch fen; Common; C BSUH 14764. = 10; BSUH 14919. (#) Senna hebecarpa (Fernald) Irwin & Barneby; Eleocharis erythropoda Steud.; Red-Rooted Spike SYN: Cassia hebecarpa Fernald; Northern Wild Rush, Bald Spike Rush; Wet roadside ditch and Senna, American Senna; Sedge meadow; Infrequent meadow; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14925. but locally frequent; C = 4; BSUH 14839. 50 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

(*) Trifalium campestre Schreb.; SYN: Trifalium Hispid Hedge Nettle; Wet ditch and open woodlands pracumbens L.; Pinnate Hop Clover, Field Clover; south of CR875N; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14791. Roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14882. Teucrium canadense L. var. virginicum (L.) Eaton; (*) Tr(falium pratense L.; Red Clover; Roadside; American Germander; Wet ditch and meadow; Rare; Infrequent; C = 0; BSUH 14903. C = 3; BSUH 14778. (*) Trifalium repens L.; White Clover; Roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14896. Liliaceae (Lily Family) Allium canadense L.; Wild or Meadow Garlic, Grossulariaceae (Gooseberry or Currant Family) Wild Onion; Slope woods; Infrequent; C = 1; BSUH Ribes americanum Mill.; Eastern Black Current; 14687. Ditch fen; Rare; C = 5; BSUH 14822. (*)Asparagus afjlcinalis L.; Asparagus; Open slope Ribes cynasbati L.; Dogberry, Eastern Prickly woods near road; Rare; C = O; BSUH 15845. Gooseberry, Dogberry; Slope woods; Rare; C = 4; (#) Hypaxis hirsuta (L.) Coville; Common or BSUH 14794. Yell ow Stargrass, Common Goldstar; Ditch fen and sedge meadow; Common; C = 7; BSUH 14921. Iridaceae (Iris Family) Lilium michiganense Farw.; Michigan Lily; Wet Iris virginica L. var. shrevei (Small) E. Anderson; roadside ditch and meadow; Rare but locally Southern Blue Flag, Shreve's Iris; Moist to wet slope common; C = 5; BSUH 14729. in open slope woods; Infrequent but locally common; Palyganatum biflorum (Walter) Elliot var. commu C = 5; BSUH 14874. tatum (Schult. & Schult. f.) Morang; Great Smooth Sisyrinchium angustifalium Mill.; Stout Blue-Eyed Solomon's Seal; Open slope woods; Infrequent; C = Grass; Ditch fen; Infrequent; C = 3; BSUH 14802. 4; BSUH 14897, 14930. Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link; SYN: Smilacina Juglandaceae (Walnut Family) stellata (L.) Desf.; Starry False Solomon's Seal, Jug/ans nigra L.; Black Walnut; Meadow north of Feathery Solomon's Plume, Starry False Lily of the Valley; Ditch fen; Rare; C 6; BSUH 14798. fen; Infrequent; C = 2; BSUH 14924. =

Juncaceae (Rush Family) Moraceae (Mulberry Family) (*) Marus alba L.; White Mulberry; Edge of slope Juncus dudleyi Wiegand; Dudley's Rush; Moist open areas of slope woods and in the sedge meadow; woods; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14739. Marus rubra L. var. rubra; Red Mulberry; Slope Infrequent to common; C = 2; BSUH 14894. woods; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14667. Lamiaceae (Mint Family) Oleaceae (Olive Family) Agastache nepetaides (L.) Kuntze; Yellow or Catnip Giant Hyssop; Slope woods; Rare; C = 4; Fraxinus americana L.; White Ash; Slope woods BSUH 16007. and open woodland south ofCR875N; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14922. (*) Lamium purpureum L. var. purpureum; Purple Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall var. subinteger Dead Nettle; Meadow north of fen; Infrequent; C = rima (Yahl) Fernald.; SYN: Fraxinus pennsylvanica 0; BSUH 14808. Lycapus americanus Muhl.; Common or American Marshall var. lancealata (Borkh.) Sarg.; Green Ash; Slope woods and bank of ditch fen; Infrequent; C = Water Horehound; Sedge meadow; Common; C = 3; l; BSUH 14799. BSUH 14716. Manarda fistulasa L.; Wild Bergamot; Ditch fen; Onagraceae (Evening-Primrose Family) Infrequent; C = 3; BSUH 14849. Physastegia virginiana (L.) Benth. subsp. virgini Circaea lutetiana L. subsp. canadensis (L.) Aschers. ana; Obedience Plant; Ditch fen; Common; C = 5; & Magnus; Broadleaf Enchanter's Nightshade; Slope BSUH 14723, 14786. woods; Common; C = 2; BSUH 14767. (*) Prune/la vulgaris L.; Common Self Heal, Lawn Epilabium calaratum Biehler; Eastern Willow Prunella (exotic); Roadside; Rare; C = 0; BSUH Herb, Cinnamon Willow Herb, Purple-Leaf Willow 14773. Herb; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 3; BSUH 14692. Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) Durand & B.D. Oenathera biennis L.; Common Evening Primrose; Jackson; Virginia Mountain Mint; Sedge meadow Dry roadside; Rare; C = 0; BSUH 4743. and wet roadside ditch and meadow; Common; C = Orchidaceae (Orchid Family) 5; BSUH 14732. Stachys tenuifalia Willd. var. tenuifalia; SYN: (#) Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd.; White Stachys hispida Pursh, Stachys tenuifalia Willd. var. Lady's Slipper; Slope woods; Rare but locally hispida (Pursh) Fernald; Smooth Hedge Nettle, common; C = 10; BSUH 14908. [Watch List]. RUCH ET AL-BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX 51

Oxalidaceae (Wood Sorrel Family) Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc.; Fowl Manna Grass; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; Common; Oxalis stricta L.; SYN: Oxalis dillenii Jacq.; Tall or C = 4; BSUH 14891. Common Yellow Wood Sorrel; Ditch fen; Rare; C = (#) Hierochloe hirta (Schrank) Borbas ssp. arctica O; BSUH 14850. (J. Pres!) G. Weim.; SYN: Hierochloe odorata (L.) P. Phytolaccaceae (Pokeweed Family) Beauv. ssp. arctica (J. Pres!) Tzvelev; Northern Sweetgrass; Sedge meadow; Infrequent; C = 10; Phytolacca americana L.; American Pokeweed or BSUH 14814. Pokeberry; Slope woods; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14771. Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw.; Rice Cut Grass; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; Common; C = 2; Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family) BSUH 14680. (*) Plantago lanceolata L.; English Plantain, Leersia virginica Willd.; White Grass; Slope Buckhorn; Roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14904. woods; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14686. Plantago rugelii Decne.; American or Red-Stalked (*) Phalaris arundinacea L.; Reed Canary Grass; Plantain; Dry roadside; Common; C = O; BSUH Open slope woods; Abundant and spreading; C = O; 14760. BSUH 14892. (*) Paa compressa L.; Canada Bluegrass; Meadow Platanaceae (Plane-tree Family) north of fen and slope woods; Infrequent; C = O; Platanus occidentalis L.; American Sycamore, BSUH 14859. Buttonwood; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 3; BSUH 14820. (*) Paa pratensis L.; Kentucky Bluegrass; Road side; Abundant; C = O; BSUH 14895. Poaceae (Grass Family) (*) Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub; SYN: (*) Agrostis gigantea Roth; Redtop; Wet roadside Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Festuca elatior L. var. ditch and meadow; Infrequent; C = O; BSUH 14730. arundinacea (Schreb.) Wimm., Lolium arundinaceum Andropogon gerardii Vitman; Big Bluestem; Wet (Schreb.) Darbysh.; Tall Fescue; Wet roadside roadside ditch and meadow; Common; C = 5; ditch and meadow; Abundant; C = O; BSUH BSUH 14777. 14878. (*) Bromus arvensis L.; SYN: Bromus japonicus (*) Setaria faberi R.A.W. Herrm.; Nodding or Thunb.; Japanese Chess, Field Brome; Roadside; Giant Foxtail Grass; Roadside; Infrequent; C = O; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14942. BSUH 14726. (*) Bromus inermis Leyss.; Smooth or Hungarian (*) Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. pumila; SYN: Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv.; Yellow Brome; Meadow north of fen; Common; C = O; BSUH 14857. Foxtail Grass; Roadside; Infrequent; C = O; BSUH 14772. (*) Dactylis glomerata L.; Orchard Grass; Road Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash; Indian Grass; Wet roadside ditch and meadow; Common; C = 4; side; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14906. Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. BSUH 14699. Clark var. fasciculatum (Torr.) Freckmann; SYN: (*) Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.; Johnson Grass; Panicum implicatum Britton, Panicum lanuginosum Roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14938. Elliot var. implicatum (Scribn.) Fernald; Woolly, (#) Sporobolus neglectus Nash; Small Rush Grass, Western, or Old-Field Panic Grass; Ditch fen; Rare; Puff-Sheath Dropseed; Edge of ditch fen and row = C = 2; BSUH 14861. crop field; Rare; C 1; BSUH 14941. (*) Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Tridens jlavus (L.) Hitchc.; Common Purpletop, Muhl.; Smooth Crabgrass; Roadside; Abundant; C Purpletop Tridens; Roadside; Infrequent; C = I; = O; BSUH 14681. BSUH 14702. (*) Elymus repens (L.) Gould; SYN: Elytrigia Polemoniaceae (Phlox Family) repens (L.) Nevski; Quack Grass; Wet ditch and roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14877. Phlox maculata L.; Meadow Phlox, Wild Sweet Elymus riparius Wiegand; Streambank Wild Rye; William; Ditch fen; Infrequent; C = 8; BSUH Wet ditch and open woods south of CR875N; Rare 14848. but locally frequent; C = 5; BSUH 14740. Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd.; Downy or Hairy Polygonaceae (Smartweed Family) Wild Rye; Slope woods; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH Polygonum scandens L.; SYN: Fallopia scandens 14851. (L.) Holub; Climbing False Buckwheat; Meadow Elymus virginicus L.; Virginia Wild Rye; Meadow north of fen; Infrequent; C = O; BSUH 14690. north of fen; Common; C = 3; BSUH 14858. (*) Rumex crispus L.; Curly Dock; Wet ditch; Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) E. Alexeev; SYN: Rare; C = O; BSUH 14933. Festuca obtusa Biehler; Nodding Fescue; Slope (*) Rumex obtusifolius L.; Bitter Dock; Wet ditch; woods; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 15847. Rare; C = O; BSUH 15844. 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

Primulaceae (Primrose Family) (*) Potentilla recta L.; Sulphur Five-Fingers, Dodecatheon meadia L. subsp. meadia; Eastern Sulphur Cinquefoil; Roadside; Rare; C = O; BSUH 14734. Shooting Star, Pride-of-Ohio; Slope woods; Rare but Potentilla simplex Michx.; Old-Field Five Fingers, locally common; C = 7; BSUH 14909. Old-Field Cinquefoil, Common Cinquefoil; Slope Lysimachia ciliata L.; Fringed Loosestrife; Ditch woods; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14917. fen; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14785. (*)Rosa multiflora Thunb.; Multiflora or Japanese Lysimachia quadriflora Sims; Smooth Loosestrife, Rose; Open woods south of CR875N; Rare; C = O; Four-Flowered Yellow Loosestrife; Sedge meadow; BSUH 14744. Common; C 9; BSUH 14835. = Rosa setigera Michx.; Climbing Prairie Rose, Ranunculaceae (Buttercup Family) Illinois Rose; Ditch fen; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14934. Actaea pachypoda Elliot; SYN: Actaea alba (L.) Rosa virginiana Mill.; Virginia Rose; Bank of ditch Miller; Doll's Eyes, White Baneberry; Slope woods; fen; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14862. Rare; C = 7; BSUH 14913. Rubus occidentalis L.; Black Raspberry; Roadside Anemone virginiana L.; Tall Anemone, Tall and meadow; Rare; C = l; BSUH 14901. Thimbleweed; Ditch fen; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14936. Rubiaceae (Madder Family) Caltha palustris L.; Marsh Marigold; Ditch fen; Galium aparine L.; Cleavers, Annual Bedstraw; Rare but locally common; C = 7; BSUH 14826. Ditch fen; Common; C = l; BSUH 14800. Ranunculus abortivus L.; Small-Flowered Crow Galium asprellum Michx.; Rough Bedstraw; Wet foot, Little-Leaf Buttercup; Ditch fen; Common; C ditch and meadow; Infrequent but locally common; = O; BSUH 14828. C = 7; BSUH 14750. Thalictrum revolutum DC.; Skunk, Waxy, or Wax Galium concinnum Torr. & A. Gray; Shining Bed Leaf Meadow Rue; Ditch fen; Common; C = 5; straw; Slope woods; Infrequent; C = 5; BSUH 14870. BSUH 14866, 14867. Galium trijlorum Michx.; Sweet-scented or Fra grant Bedstraw; Slope woods and open woods south Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn Family) of CR875N; Infrequent but locally common; C = 5; Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh ssp. glabrata (Gleason) BSUH 14751. Kartesz & Gandhi; SYN: Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh var. glabrata Gleason; Lanceleaf Buckthorn; Slope Salicaceae (Willow Family) woods next to creek; Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14796, Populus deltoides Marshall var. deltoides; Eastern 14844. Cottonwood; Slope woods; Rare; C = l; BSUH 14795. Salix discolor Muhl.; Pussy Willow; Ditch fen; Rosaceae (Rose Family) Rare; C = 3; BSUH 14860. Agrimonia parviflora Aiton; Southern, Swamp, or Salix eriocephala Michx.; Diamond or Heart Few-Flowered Agrimony; Wet roadside ditch and Leaved Willow; Ditch fen and wet areas of slope meadow; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14776. woods; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14792. Crataegus mollis (Torr. & A. Gray) Scheele; Salix nigra Marshall; Black Willow; Sedge mead Downy Hawthorn; Open woods south of CR875N; ow; Rare but locally common; C = 3; BSUH 14927. Rare; C = 2; BSUH 15846. Salix petiolaris 1.E. Sm.; Petioled Willow, Meadow Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. ssp. floribunda Willow; Wet roadside ditch; Rare; C = 6; BSUH 14876. (Pursh) Kartesz; SYN: Pentaphylloides floribunda Santalaceae (Sandalwood Family) (Pursh) A. Love, Potentilla fruticosa L.; Shrubby Cinquefoil; Ditch fen and sedge meadow; Rare; C = (#) Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. subsp. umbellata; 9; BSUH 14840. Star or Bastard Toad Flax; Ditch fen; Rare, one large Filipendula rubra (Hill) B.L. Rob.; Queen of the colony on upper slope offen; C = 7; BSUH 14803. Prairie; Wet ditch and meadow; Infrequent; C = 9; Saxifragaceae (Saxifrage Family) BSUH 14731. [Watch List] Fragaria virginiana Duchesne; Thick-leaved Wild Heuchera americana L.; American, Common, or Strawberry, Virginia Strawberry; Ditch fen; Com Tall Alumroot; Roadside ditch and meadow; Rare mon; C = 2; BSUH 14827. but locally frequent; C = 7; BSUH 14910. Geum canadense Jacq.; White Avens; Roadside and slope woods; Rare; C = l; BSUH 14887. Scrophulariaceae (Figwort Family) Potentilla norvegica L. subsp. monspeliensis (L.) Che/one glabra L.; White Turtlehead; Ditch fen; Aschers. & Graebn.; Strawberry Weed, Rough Rare; C = 7; BSUH 14675. Cinquefoil, Norwegian Cinquefoil; Sedge meadow; Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt.; Conobea, Rare; C = O; BSUH 14841. Narrow-Leaf Paleseed; Border between sedge mead- RUCH ET AL-BENNETT WETLAND COMPLEX 53 ow and row crop field; Common and locally Urtica dioica L. subsp. gracilis (Aiton) Seland.; abundant; C = 3; BSUH 14713. SYN: Urtica dioica L. var. procera (Muhl. ex Willd.) Pedicularis lanceolata Michx.; Swamp Lousewort, Weddell, Urtica procera Muhl. ex Willd.; Tall Nettle, Fen Lousewort, Fen Betony; Wet roadside ditch and California Nettle; C = l; BSUH 14768. meadow; Infrequent; C = 6; BSUH 14684. · Scrophularia marilandica L.; Eastern Figwort, Late Verbenaceae (Vervain Family) Figwort, Carpenter's Square; Roadside; Rare; C = 5; Phryma leptostachya L.; American Lopseed; Slope BSUH 14779. woods; Infrequent; C = 4; BSUH 14769. Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.; SYN: Veronica Verbena hastata L.; Common Vervain, Blue catenata Pennell; Water Speedwell; Ditch fen; Rare; Vervain, Swamp Vervain; Wet ditch and meadow; C = 5; BSUH 15840. Rare; C = 3; BSUH 14780. Verbena urticifolia L.; White Vervain; Wet ditch; Smilacaceae (Catbrier Family) Rare; C = 3; BSUH 14745. Smilax lasioneura Hook.; SYN: Smilax herbacea L. var. lasioneura (Hook.) A. DC.; Common Carrion Violaceae (Violet Family) Flower, Blue Ridge Carrion Flower; Slope woods; Viola sororia Willd.; Dooryard Violet, Common or Rare; C = 4; BSUH 14832. Woolly Blue Violet; Ditch fen; Infrequent; C = l; Smilax tamnoides L.; SYN: Smilax hispida Muhl. BSUH 14821. ex Torr., Smilax tamnoides L. var. hispida (Muhl. ex Torr.) Fernald; Bristly Greenbrier or Catbrier; Slope Vitaceae (Grape Family) woods; Rare; C = 3; BSUH 14782, 14900. Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.; Virginia Solanaceae (Nightshade Family) Creeper, Woodbine; Slope woods; Common; C = 2; BSUH 14788. Physalis heterophylla Nees; Clammy Ground Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) Hitchc.; SYN: Cherry; Dry roadside and ditch; Rare but locally Parthenocissus inserta (A. Kern.) C. Fritsch; Grape common; C = 3; BSUH 14880. Woodbine, Thicket Creeper; Slope woods and ditch & Physalis longifolia Nutt. var. subglabrata (Mack. fen; Infrequent; C = 2; BSHU 14863. Bush) Cronquist; SYN: Physalis subglabrata Mack. Vitis riparia Michx.; Riverbank Grape; Slope & Bush; Longleaf Ground Cherry; Wet ditch and woods; Infrequent; C = l; BSUH 14899. roadside; Infrequent; C = O; BSUH 14733. Solanum carolinense L. var. carolinense; Horse LITERATURE CITED Nettle; Dry roadside; Rare but locally frequent; C = Dahl, T.E. 1990. Wetlands Losses in the United O; BSUH 14736. States l 780's to l 980's. U.S. Department of the Typhaceae (Cattail Family) Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC. 13 pp. Typha latifolia L.; Common Cattail, Broadleaf Division of Nature Preserves, Indiana Department of Cattail; Wet roadside ditch; Infrequent but locally Natural Resources. 2007. Endangered, Threat common; C = l; BSUH 14752. ened, and Rare Vascular Plants of Indiana. At http://www.in.gov/dnr/naturepr/. Ulmaceae (Elm Family) Gleason, H.A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Ce/tis occidentalis L.; Northern or Common Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States Hackberry; Woods; Common; Slope woods; Infre and Adjacent Canada. New York Botanical quent; C = 3; BSUH 14833. Garden, Bronx, New York. 910 pp. (*) Ulmus pumila L.; Siberian Elm; Roadside; Hair, J.D., S.L. Newsome & J.S. Feierabend. 1992. Rare; C = 0; BSUH 14727. Endangered species, endangered wetlands: Life on Ulmus rubra Muhl.; Slippery or Red Elm; Slope the edge. National Wildlife Federation, Washing woods and open woods south of road; Infrequent; C ton, D.C. 49 pp. = 3; BSUH 14815. Homoya, M.A., D.B. Abrell, J.F. Aldrich & T.W. Post. 1985. The natural regions oflndiana. Proceedings of Urticaceae (Nettle Family) the Indiana Academy of Science 94:245-268. Laportea canadensis (L.) Wedd.; Canadian Wood IDNR. 1996. Indiana Wetlands Conservation Plan. Nettle; Meadownorthoffen; Rare; C = 2; BSUH 14843. Indiana Department of Natural Resources, In Pi/ea fontana (Lune!!) Rydb.; Bog Clearweed; dianapolis. 75 pp. Ditch fen; Infrequent but locally abundant; C = 5; Keller, C., T. Crovello & K. Guild. 1984. Floristic BSUH 14676. database program (see C. Keller 1986. The Pi/ea pumila (L.) A. Gray; Canadian Clearweed; computerization of regional floristic data. Pro Ditch fen and moist lower section of slope woods; ceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science Common to abundant; C = 2; BSUH 14688. 95:412). 54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

Mitsch, W.J. & J.G. Gosselink. 2000. Wetlands. 3rd vascular flora and vegetational communities of ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York. 920 pp. Lick Creek Summit Nature Preserve in Wayne Rothrock, P.E. 1997. The vascular flora of Fogwell County, Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Forest Nature Preserve, Allen County, Indiana. Academy of Science 117:29-54. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science Ruch, D.G., B.G. Torke, B.R. Hess, K.S. Badger & 106:267-290. P.E. Rothrock. 2008b. The vascular flora and Rothrock, P.E. 2004. Floristic quality assessment in vegetational communities of the wetland complex Indiana: The concept, use and development of on the IMI Property in Henry County near Luray, coefficients of conservatism. Final Report for Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of ARN A305 4 53, EPA Wetland Program Devel Science 117:142-158. opment Grant CD975586 01. 96 p. At http://www. Smit, L.A. 2008. The use of Floristic Quality in. gov/idem/water /plan br/40 1I publica ti ons .html. Assessment as a Tool for Monitoring Wetland Rothrock, P.E. & M.A. Homoya. 2005. An evaluation Mitigations in Michigan. Master's thesis, Taylor oflndiana's Floristic Quality Assessment. Proceed University, Upland, Indiana. 26 pp. (80 pp. with ings of the Indiana Academy of Science 114:9-18. appendices). Rothrock, P.E., H. Stares, R. Dunbar & R.L. Hedge. Stonehouse, A.L., K.S. Badger, D.G. Ruch & P.E. 1993. The vascular flora of Mounds State Park, Rothrock. 2003. A floristic inventory and descrip Madison County, Indiana. Proceedings of the tion of the structure and composition of the plant Indiana Academy of Science 102:161-199. communities of Botany Glen, Grant County, Ruch, D.G., A. Schoultz & K.S. Badger. 1998. The Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of flora and vegetation of Ginn Woods, Ball State Science 112:135-159. University, Delaware County, Indiana. Proceed Swink, F. & G. Wilhelm. 1994. Plants of the Chicago ings of the Indiana Academy of Science 107:17-60. Region. 4th ed. Indiana Academy of Science, Ruch, D.G., B.G. Torke, C.R. Reidy, K.S. Badger & Indianapolis, Indiana. 921 pp. P.E. Rothrock. 2002. The flora and vegetational USDA. 2008. Natural Resources Conservation communities of Wilbur Wright Fish and Wildlife Services Plants National Database. At http:// Area, Henry County, Indiana. Proceedings of the plants. usda.gov/index.html. Indiana Academy of Science 111:147-176. WSS. 2008. Web Soil Survey, Natural Resource Ruch, D.G., C.R. Reidy, B.G. Torke, K.S. Badger & Conservation Service. At http://websoilsurvey. P.E. Rothrock. 2004. Additions to the flora of nrcs.usda.gov/app/. Ginn Woods, Delaware County, Indiana. Proceed Wilhelm, G. & L. Masters. 2000. Floristic Quality ings of the Indiana Academy of Science 113:1-6. Assessment and Computer Applications. Conser Ruch, D.G., B.G. Torkc, K.S. Badger, C.R. Reidy, vation Research Institute, Elmhurst, Illinois. P.E. Rothrock, R. Waltz, E.G. Urly, J.L. Chance Yatskievych, K. 2000. Field Guide to Indiana & L. Click. 2007. The vascular flora and Wildflowers. Indiana University Press, Blooming vegetational communities of Hayes Arboretum ton, Indiana. 357 pp. in Wayne County, Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 116: 11-41. Ruch, D.G., B.G. Torke, K.S. Badger, B.R. Hess, Manuscript received 2 January 2009, revised 23 B.N. Christian & P.E. Rothrock. 2008a. The February 2009.