CITES and Slipper Orchids
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Asclepias Purpurascens L. Purple Milkweed
Asclepias purpurascens L. purple milkweed State Distribution Photo by Michael R. Penskar Best Survey Period Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Legal status: State threatened one or two additional umbels are present in the upper leaf axils. The individual flowers, which are usually Global and state rank: G4G5/S3 from 13-17 mm long, bear reflexed, purplish corolla lobes that are glabrous (smooth), pale purple hoods Family: Asclepiadaceae (milkweed family) (forming the corona) 5-7 mm long, and incurved flat horns that are shorter than the hood. The reproductive Total range: Asclepias purpurascens is found parts (filaments, anthers, and style) are fused into a principally in eastern North America, occurring from structure called the gynostegium. The fruit is a smooth New Hampshire south to Virginia and ranging west to follicle (a pod) filled with seeds attached to downy hairs Wisconsin, Iowa, Kansas, and Oklahoma. (coma) that aid in wind dispersal. State distribution: Purple milkweed is known from Asclepias purpurascens is often difficult to distinguish more than 60 occurrences in southern Michigan; thirty- from the very similar looking common milkweed, four of these records are derived from collections made Asclepias syriaca, which despite its unfortunate prior to 1930. This species is concentrated primarily Latin epithet is also a native milkweed. Overall, the in southeastern and southwestern Lower Michigan, leaves of A. purpurascens are more acute and less where it is known from 19 counties, with most counties predominately pinnately–veined (i.e. more strongly tallying only a single occurrence. Counties with the net-veined) than A. -
Cypripedium Candidum Muhl
Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd. small white lady’s-slipper State Distribution Best Survey Period Photo by Susan R. Crispin Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Status: State threatened clonal clumps. This relatively small lady’s-slipper averages about 20 cm in height, each stem producing several Global and state rank: G4/S2 strongly-ribbed, sheathing leaves that are densely short-hairy. Stems are usually terminated by a single Other common names: white lady-slipper flower (occasionally there may be two) characterized Family: Orchidaceae (orchid family) by its ivory-white pouch (the lip or lower petal) which may be faintly streaked with purple veins toward the Total range: This principally upper Midwestern species bottom and slightly purple-spotted around the pouch ranges eastward to New Jersey and New York, extending opening. The lateral petals, which are similar to the west through southern Michigan to Minnesota, the eastern sepals, are pale yellow-green and spirally twisted. Dakotas, and southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. To the Cypripedium candidum is known to hybridize with two south it ranges to Nebraska, Missouri, and Kentucky. It is well-known varieties of yellow lady’s-slipper, C. calceolus considered rare in Iowa (S1), Illinois (S3), Indiana (S2), var. pubescens and C. calceolus var. parviflora, producing Kentucky (S1), Michigan (S2), Minnesota (S3), North C. Xfavillianum and C. Xandrewsii, respectively. These Dakota (S2S3), New York (S1), Ohio (S1), South Dakota hybrids are the only taxa that small white lady-slipper is (S1), Wisconsin, and Manitoba. In Pennsylvania and likely to be confused with. -
Thuja Occidentalis) Swamps in Northern New York: Effects and Interactions of Multiple Variables
SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Digital Commons @ ESF Dissertations and Theses Fall 12-16-2017 Plant Species Richness and Diversity of Northern White-Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) Swamps in Northern New York: Effects and Interactions of Multiple Variables Robert Smith SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.esf.edu/etds Recommended Citation Smith, Robert, "Plant Species Richness and Diversity of Northern White-Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) Swamps in Northern New York: Effects and Interactions of Multiple Variables" (2017). Dissertations and Theses. 7. https://digitalcommons.esf.edu/etds/7 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ ESF. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ ESF. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. PLANT SPECIES RICHNESS AND DIVERSITY OF NORTHERN WHITE-CEDAR (Thuja occidentalis) SWAMPS IN NORTHERN NEW YORK: EFFECTS AND INTERACTIONS OF MULTIPLE VARIABLES by Robert L. Smith II A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse, New York November 2017 Department of Environmental and Forest Biology Approved by: Donald J. Leopold, Major Professor René H. Germain, Chair, Examining Committee Donald J. Leopold, Department Chair S. Scott Shannon, Dean, The Graduate School ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank my major professor, Dr. Donald J. Leopold, for his great advice during our many meetings and email exchanges. In addition, his visit to my study site and recommended improvements to my thesis were very much appreciated. -
Germination in the Cypripedium/Paphiopedilum Alliance
Germination in the Cypripedium/Paphiopedilum Alliance The colourful temperate ladyslippers including Cypripedium acaule, calceolus and reginae have attracted the attention of many investigators attempting to solve the problem of germinating the recalcitrant seeds (Arditti, 1967; Arditti et al, 1982; Curtis, 1942; Oliva and Arditti, 1984; Stoutamire, 1974, 1983; Withner, 1953). Germination of Cyp. reginae seed has perhaps attracted the most attention given that this species is particularly showy. Harvais (1973, 1974, 1980, and 1982) was the first Canadian investigator to approach the problem of axenic culture. He succeeded not only in germinating the seeds of Cyp. reginae but also in producing leafy seedlings. His death in 1982 cut short a promising research program and was a great loss. Frosch (1986) outlined a procedure to asymbiotically germinate and grow Cyp. reginae to flower in three years. More recently, Ballard (1987), has presented detailed results of his experiments in the sterile propagation of the same species, using seeds taken at early stages of development and at maturity. Of particular interest was his discovery that dormancy in Cyp. reginae seeds can be broken by refrigeration of the seeds at 5/C for two to three months prior to incubation at room temperature. He has achieved from 19–98% germination after three to four months using Knudson's “C” medium (Knudson, 1946) with seed taken 42 to 60 days after pollination. Cypripedium calceolus is a particularly attractive species, native to both North America and Europe. Carlson (1940) examined the formation of the seed of Cyp. parviflorum to gain a better understanding of the problems involved in germination. -
Bletilla Striata (Orchidaceae) Seed Coat Restricts the Invasion of Fungal Hyphae at the Initial Stage of Fungal Colonization
plants Article Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) Seed Coat Restricts the Invasion of Fungal Hyphae at the Initial Stage of Fungal Colonization Chihiro Miura 1, Miharu Saisho 1, Takahiro Yagame 2, Masahide Yamato 3 and Hironori Kaminaka 1,* 1 Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan 2 Mizuho Kyo-do Museum, 316-5 Komagatafujiyama, Mizuho, Tokyo 190-1202, Japan 3 Faculty of Education, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-857-31-5378 Received: 24 June 2019; Accepted: 8 August 2019; Published: 11 August 2019 Abstract: Orchids produce minute seeds that contain limited or no endosperm, and they must form an association with symbiotic fungi to obtain nutrients during germination and subsequent seedling growth under natural conditions. Orchids need to select an appropriate fungus among diverse soil fungi at the germination stage. However, there is limited understanding of the process by which orchids recruit fungal associates and initiate the symbiotic interaction. This study aimed to better understand this process by focusing on the seed coat, the first point of fungal attachment. Bletilla striata seeds, some with the seed coat removed, were prepared and sown with symbiotic fungi or with pathogenic fungi. The seed coat-stripped seeds inoculated with the symbiotic fungi showed a lower germination rate than the intact seeds, and proliferated fungal hyphae were observed inside and around the stripped seeds. Inoculation with the pathogenic fungi increased the infection rate in the seed coat-stripped seeds. The pathogenic fungal hyphae were arrested at the suspensor side of the intact seeds, whereas the seed coat-stripped seeds were subjected to severe infestation. -
Willi Orchids
growers of distinctively better plants. Nunured and cared for by hand, each plant is well bred and well fed in our nutrient rich soil- a special blend that makes your garden a healthier, happier, more beautiful place. Look for the Monrovia label at your favorite garden center. For the location nearest you, call toll free l-888-Plant It! From our growing fields to your garden, We care for your plants. ~ MONROVIA~ HORTICULTURAL CRAFTSMEN SINCE 1926 Look for the Monrovia label, call toll free 1-888-Plant It! co n t e n t s Volume 77, Number 3 May/June 1998 DEPARTMENTS Commentary 4 Wild Orchids 28 by Paul Martin Brown Members' Forum 5 A penonal tour ofplaces in N01,th America where Gaura lindheimeri, Victorian illustrators. these native beauties can be seen in the wild. News from AHS 7 Washington, D . C. flower show, book awards. From Boon to Bane 37 by Charles E. Williams Focus 10 Brought over f01' their beautiful flowers and colorful America)s roadside plantings. berries, Eurasian bush honeysuckles have adapted all Offshoots 16 too well to their adopted American homeland. Memories ofgardens past. Mock Oranges 41 Gardeners Information Service 17 by Terry Schwartz Magnolias from seeds, woodies that like wet feet. Classic fragrance and the ongoing development of nell? Mail-Order Explorer 18 cultivars make these old favorites worthy of considera Roslyn)s rhodies and more. tion in today)s gardens. Urban Gardener 20 The Melting Plot: Part II 44 Trial and error in that Toddlin) Town. by Susan Davis Price The influences of African, Asian, and Italian immi Plants and Your Health 24 grants a1'e reflected in the plants and designs found in H eading off headaches with herbs. -
Generic and Subtribal Relationships in Neotropical Cymbidieae (Orchidaceae) Based on Matk/Ycf1 Plastid Data
LANKESTERIANA 13(3): 375—392. 2014. I N V I T E D P A P E R* GENERIC AND SUBTRIBAL RELATIONSHIPS IN NEOTROPICAL CYMBIDIEAE (ORCHIDACEAE) BASED ON MATK/YCF1 PLASTID DATA W. MARK WHITTEN1,2, KURT M. NEUBIG1 & N. H. WILLIAMS1 1Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611-7800 USA 2Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Relationships among all subtribes of Neotropical Cymbidieae (Orchidaceae) were estimated using combined matK/ycf1 plastid sequence data for 289 taxa. The matrix was analyzed using RAxML. Bootstrap (BS) analyses yield 100% BS support for all subtribes except Stanhopeinae (87%). Generic relationships within subtribes are highly resolved and are generally congruent with those presented in previous studies and as summarized in Genera Orchidacearum. Relationships among subtribes are largely unresolved. The Szlachetko generic classification of Maxillariinae is not supported. A new combination is made for Maxillaria cacaoensis J.T.Atwood in Camaridium. KEY WORDS: Orchidaceae, Cymbidieae, Maxillariinae, matK, ycf1, phylogenetics, Camaridium, Maxillaria cacaoensis, Vargasiella Cymbidieae include many of the showiest align nrITS sequences across the entire tribe was Neotropical epiphytic orchids and an unparalleled unrealistic due to high levels of sequence divergence, diversity in floral rewards and pollination systems. and instead to concentrate our efforts on assembling Many researchers have posed questions such as a larger plastid data set based on two regions (matK “How many times and when has male euglossine and ycf1) that are among the most variable plastid bee pollination evolved?”(Ramírez et al. 2011), or exon regions and can be aligned with minimal “How many times have oil-reward flowers evolved?” ambiguity across broad taxonomic spans. -
Endophytic Colletotrichum Species from Bletilla Ochracea (Orchidaceae), with Descriptions of Seven New Speices
Fungal Diversity (2013) 61:139–164 DOI 10.1007/s13225-013-0254-5 Endophytic Colletotrichum species from Bletilla ochracea (Orchidaceae), with descriptions of seven new speices Gang Tao & Zuo-Yi Liu & Fang Liu & Ya-Hui Gao & Lei Cai Received: 20 May 2013 /Accepted: 1 July 2013 /Published online: 19 July 2013 # Mushroom Research Foundation 2013 Abstract Thirty-six strains of endophytic Colletotrichum ornamental plants and important research materials for coevo- species were isolated from leaves of Bletilla ochracea Schltr. lution between plants and fungi because of their special sym- (Orchidaceae) collected from 5 sites in Guizhou, China. biosis with mycorrhizal fungi (Zettler et al. 2004; Stark et al. Seventeen different species, including 7 new species (namely 2009; Nontachaiyapoom et al. 2010). Recently, the fungal C. bletillum, C. caudasporum, C. duyunensis, C. endophytum, communities in leaves and roots of orchid Bletilla ochracea C. excelsum-altitudum and C. guizhouensis and C. ochracea), have been investigated and the results indicated that there is a 8 previously described species (C. boninense, C. cereale, C. high diversity of endophytic fungi, including species from the destructivum, C. karstii, C. liriopes, C. miscanthi, C. genus Colletotrichum Corda (Tao et al. 2008, 2012). parsonsiae and C. tofieldiae) and 2 sterile mycelia were iden- Endophytic fungi live asymptomatically and internally with- tified. All of the taxa were identified based on morphology and in different tissues (e.g. leaves, roots) of host plants (Ganley phylogeny inferred from multi-locus sequences, including the and Newcombe 2006; Promputtha et al. 2007; Hoffman and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, Arnold 2008). -
Extrapolating Demography with Climate, Proximity and Phylogeny: Approach with Caution
! ∀#∀#∃ %& ∋(∀∀!∃ ∀)∗+∋ ,+−, ./ ∃ ∋∃ 0∋∀ /∋0 0 ∃0 . ∃0 1##23%−34 ∃−5 6 Extrapolating demography with climate, proximity and phylogeny: approach with caution Shaun R. Coutts1,2,3, Roberto Salguero-Gómez1,2,3,4, Anna M. Csergő3, Yvonne M. Buckley1,3 October 31, 2016 1. School of Biological Sciences. Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science. The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. 2. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK. 3. School of Natural Sciences, Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. 4. Evolutionary Demography Laboratory. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Rostock, DE-18057, Germany. Keywords: COMPADRE Plant Matrix Database, comparative demography, damping ratio, elasticity, matrix population model, phylogenetic analysis, population growth rate (λ), spatially lagged models Author statement: SRC developed the initial concept, performed the statistical analysis and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. RSG helped develop the initial concept, provided code for deriving de- mographic metrics and phylogenetic analysis, and provided the matrix selection criteria. YMB helped develop the initial concept and advised on analysis. All authors made substantial contributions to editing the manuscript and further refining ideas and interpretations. 1 Distance and ancestry predict demography 2 ABSTRACT Plant population responses are key to understanding the effects of threats such as climate change and invasions. However, we lack demographic data for most species, and the data we have are often geographically aggregated. We determined to what extent existing data can be extrapolated to predict pop- ulation performance across larger sets of species and spatial areas. We used 550 matrix models, across 210 species, sourced from the COMPADRE Plant Matrix Database, to model how climate, geographic proximity and phylogeny predicted population performance. -
The General Status of Alberta Wild Species 2000 | I Preface
Pub No. I/023 ISBN No. 0-7785-1794-2 (Printed Edition) ISBN No. 0-7785-1821-3 (On-line Edition) For copies of this report, contact: Information Centre – Publications Alberta Environment/Alberta Sustainable Resource Development Main Floor, Great West Life Building 9920 - 108 Street Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5K 2M4 Telephone: (780) 422-2079 OR Information Service Alberta Environment/Alberta Sustainable Resource Development #100, 3115 - 12 Street NE Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2E 7J2 Telephone: (403) 297-3362 OR Visit our website at www.gov.ab.ca/env/fw/status/index.html (available on-line Fall 2001) Front Cover Photo Credits: OSTRICH FERN - Carroll Perkins | NORTHERN LEOPARD FROG - Wayne Lynch | NORTHERN SAW-WHET OWL - Gordon Court | YELLOW LADY’S-SLIPPER - Wayne Lynch | BRONZE COPPER - Carroll Perkins | AMERICAN BISON - Gordon Court | WESTERN PAINTED TURTLE - Gordon Court | NORTHERN PIKE - Wayne Lynch ASPEN | gordon court prefacepreface Alberta has long enjoyed the legacy of abundant wild species. These same species are important environmental indicators. Their populations reflect the health and diversity of the environment. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development The preparation and distribution of this report is has designated as one of its core business designed to achieve four objectives: goals the promotion of fish and wildlife conservation. The status of wild species is 1. To provide information on, and raise one of the performance measures against awareness of, the current status of wild which the department determines the species in Alberta; effectiveness of its policies and service 2. To stimulate broad public input in more delivery. clearly defining the status of individual Central to achieving this goal is the accurate species; determination of the general status of wild 3. -
Rudolf Schlechter's South-American Orchids Iii
LANKESTERIANA 20(2): 167–216. 2020. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.v20i2.42849 RUDOLF SCHLECHTER’S SOUTH-AMERICAN ORCHIDS III. SCHLECHTER’S “NETWORK”: NORTH AND NORTHEAST BRAZIL, THE GUIANAS CARLOS OSSENBACH1,2,4 & RUDOLF JENNY3 1Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, P.O.Box 302-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica 2Orquideario 25 de mayo, Sabanilla de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica 3Jany Renz Herbarium, Swiss Orchid Foundation, Switzerland 4Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. The third chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids presents concise biographical information about those botanists and orchid collectors who were related to Schlechter and worked in north and northeastern Brazil, as well as in the three Guianas. As an introduction, a brief geographical outline is presented, dividing the northern territories in four zones: the Amazon basin, the Araguaia-Tocantins river basin, the Northeast region and the Guianas. It is followed by a short mention of the historical milestones in the history of orchids in these regions during the preceding centuries. KEY WORDS: Amazon River, biography, Brazil Nordeste, history of botany, Orchidaceae, Roraima, Tocantins River The Amazonas and Tocantins River basins, and the Finally we have the Brazilian states that form the Northeast region. As we have read in the previous coastline from Pará in the north to Espirito Santo in chapter, southern Brazil (taking the capital city of the south, namely eastern Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Brasilia as its northernmost point) is part of the La Plata Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, River basin, which drains into the southern Atlantic Sergipe, and Bahia, which occupy the rest of northern Ocean (Ossenbach & Jenny 2019: 207, fig. -
Population Viability Analysis for the Clustered Lady’S Slipper ( Cypripedium Fasciculatum )
Population Viability Analysis for the clustered lady’s slipper ( Cypripedium fasciculatum ) 2010 Progress Report Rachel E. Newton, Robert T. Massatti, Andrea S. Thorpe, and Thomas N. Kaye Institute for Applied Ecology A Cooperative Challenge Cost Share Project funded jointly by Bureau of Land Management, Medford District, and Institute for Applied Ecology, Corvallis, Oregon PREFACE This report is the result of a cooperative Challenge Cost Share project between the Institute for Applied Ecology (IAE) and a federal agency. IAE is a non-profit organization dedicated to natural resource con- servation, research, and education. Our aim is to provide a service to public and private agencies and individuals by developing and communicating information on ecosystems, species, and effective management strategies and by conducting research, monitoring, and experiments. IAE offers educational opportunities through 3-4 month internships. Our current activities are concentrated on rare and endangered plants and invasive species. Questions regarding this report or IAE should be directed to: Andrea S. Thorpe Institute for Applied Ecology PO Box 2855 Corvallis, Oregon 97339-2855 phone: 541-753-3099, ext. 401 fax: 541-753-3098 email: [email protected], [email protected] ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions and cooperation by the Medford District Bureau of Land Management, especially Mark Mousseaux. In 2010, work was supported by IAE staff: Michelle Allen, Andrew Dempsey-Karp, Geoff Gardner, Amanda Stanley, and Shell Whittington. Cover photograph : Clustered lady’s slipper ( Cypripedium fasciculatum ). Please cite this report as: Newton, R.E., R.T. Massatti, A.S. Thorpe, and T.N. Kaye. 2010. Population Viability Analysis for the clustered lady’s slipper ( Cypripedium fasciculatum ).