1.General Description of EIA

E788 V. 5 CHINA: 4e NLAND WATERWAYS May, 2003

Public Disclosure Authorized Guangdong Waterway Regulation Project for the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan Section) Sub-Component

Environmental Impact Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized

Draft Third 5/2003 Public Disclosure Authorized

South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, SEPA Public Disclosure Authorized

on NEM IC%f Project owner: Guangdong Provincial Communications Department (GPCD)

EIA Undertaken by: South China Institute of Environmnental Sciences, SEPA (SCIES)

EIA Certificate Number: National EIA Certificate Grand A Number 2801

General Responsibility: Professor Xu Zhencheng, Director of SCIES

Expert Consultants: Professor Wang Junsan (Local Ecological Expert)

Professor Chen Zhanghe (Local Land-Plant Expert)

Professor Han Boping (Local Aqutic Ecological Expert)

Professor Chen Xianglin (Local Ichthyologic Expert)

Professor Li Kaimning (Local Hydraulics Expert)

Professor Zhen Fantang (Local Water Environrmental Expert)

Technical Responsibility: Professor Han Baoxin, Deputy Director

EIA work Responsibility: Mr. Liang Mingyi

Complied by: Liang Mingyi, EIA Certificate GD-03828

Zhang Yuhuan, EIA Certificate GD-03824

Huang Zhengguang, EIA Certificate GD-03837

Li Zhaoyong, EIA Certificate GD-03832

Cai Xinde, EIA Certificate GD-03820

Qian Donglin, EIA Certificate GD- 13102

Shen Qian, EIA Certificate GD-03830

Others by Zengweiyi ,Wangtao, Zhuxuedong, and Zhoujian

Examined by: Han Baoxin Finalized by: Xu Zhencheng Contents

0. PREFACE ...... 1 .GENERAL DESCRfPTION OFEIA ...... 2 L.IBASISOFTHEPROjECTEIA ...... I .. : 2 1.1. lEnvirornmentrelatedLaws andRe ations ...... 2 1. 1.2 Technical Guidelines...... 2 1.1.3 ProjectProposal and Other Docwnents...... 3 1.2 EIA SCOPE ...... 3 1.2.1 WaterEnvironmentAssessment...... 3 1.2.2 EcoloeicalEnvironmentAssessmnent...... 3 1.2.3 Air-Evi-onmentAssess7nent ...... 3 1.2.44 Acoustic Envi-on,nentAsses,s,nent...... 4 1.25 The Analvses ofSocial and Economic Eflects ...... 4

1.2.6 TheAnalvses ofEflects on CuilturalRelics ...... 4 1.2.7 Public Consultation...... 4 1.3 E CLASSIFICATIONIA ...... 4 1.4 ENVIRONMENT STANDARDSAND CONTROL STANDARDS OF POLLUTANTS ...... 4 1.4.1 Sia face Water...... 4 1.4.2 Noise ...... 7 1.4.3 Air Enviromnent ...... 7 1.4.4 Riversediments...... 8 1.4.5 Soils...... 8 1.5 ASSESSMENT OF CRMCAL ISSuEs AND GRADES ...... 8 1.5.1 Assessment ofcriticalissues ...... 8 1 .5.2 Assessmnent Grades ...... 8

2. PROJECr DESCRIPTION.-.....0...... I 0

2.1 PROJECTLOCATION ...... 1...... I 0 2.2 THE CONSTRUCTION SCALEANDTHE DESIGN STANDARD OFTHE WAERTWAY ...... 10 2.3 CURRENT STATUS .1 0 2.3.1 "CUa7WentStallVofWOfelVM av...... 10 2.3.2 C awrent wort facilities and Harbors ...... 10 2.3.3BaselineWaterlay Transportation...... 14 2.3.4 Htater-PwunpinSpots...... 14 2.3.5SDvkes ...... 14 2.4 NECFSSITY OF PROPOSED WATERW\AY UPGRADING ...... 15 2.4.1 To speed up economical development ofthis area requires the water-lerading .15

2.4.2 Regulationis thle necessarv option to impoving the conditions ofthe vtaterwvav ...... 15 2.4.3 T7e Proposed Watenvay Up07-adingProject and its Effect on the Overall TransportationSystem ...... 16 2.44PrposedWateni'a Upgradii 'I Promotel Developnent of Touarism ...... 16 2.4.5 Proposedfatenray Umradinz Will FacilitateBetter Navigation...... 17 2.5 PROJECTSCHEME ...... 17 2.5.1 SectionA Meng2zhouba Damn toMengli (NatuaalRiver) (about 30lon) andSection B Men'li to Wushinan (seasonalfluctuation cowse)(about 4on)...... 17 2.5.2 Section C Baishiyao Dam to Guanvinyan (NaturalRiver)(about 7km) andSection D GuanmvnYan to Daluodu (seasonalfluctuation course) (about 4kln)...... 17 2.5.3 SectionEFeilaixiaDam to OingvuanBrid2e (NaturalRiver)(about 30km) ...... 17 2.6 TN G...... 19 2.61 The First Phase...... 19 2.6.2 The Second Phse...... 19 2.63 Proiect Bude andet InvestmentArraneement .1...... 19 2.6.4 Eauipments...... 19 2.7 CONDmONS OF ENGINEERING AND PROJECT PLAN ...... 19 2. 7.1 Tra,ffc Conditions ofEnneerine...... , 19 2. 7.2 Conditions ofProject Field...... 20 2. 7.3 SUpplV ofmaterials, water and power ...... ,... 20 2.7.4 Sediment Disposal...... 21 2.8ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS ...... 27 2.8.1 Main types ofen&ineeine work2 277...... 2.8.2 Main constructiontechnolozies andmeasures ...... 27 2.8.3 Processofenvironmiental impact identification and selection.i ...... 28 2.8.4 Identification of elelnents ofassessment on the construction period...... 30

3. DESCP ION OFT E EXISTING ENVIRONMEN ...... 31

3.1 EcoLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 3 1 3.1.1Aquatic Ecosystem ...... 31 3.1.2 Fishes...... 37 3.1.3 LandBiological Environment...... 42 3.2 INVESTGATION AND EVALUATION OF WATER ENVIRONMENT QUALY ...... 56 3.2.1 Investieationof ctualitv of water environment ...... 56 3.2.2 Analvsis and evaluation ofthe actualit ofwater enviromnent ...... 57 3.2.3 Results ofthe researhc on thle sensitive point ofthe water enviromnent ...... 58 3.3 EVALUATION TO THE QUALrTY OF EXISTING ATMOSPHERE ENRONMENT ...... 63 3.3.1 Investigation ofexistin.e atmosphere environment ...... 63 3.3.2 Analv s and evaluationis ofhe existin. atmosphere environonent ...... 63 3.3.3 Results ofthe analysis on the sensitive point of the air...... 63 3.4 EVALUATION OF THE QUALrrY OF EISTNG NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...... 65 3.4. Investigation existinE nosie enviromnent ...... 65 3.4.2 Analysis ofthe result...... 6...... 65 3.1.3 3 Re65Residlss oftlie nslveinto ...... 3.5 INVESTIGATION OF RESIDUALCONIAM NANrFRSiBODYBRDr\S ...... 68 3.6 INVESTIGATION OF SEDIMENT OF RIVER ...... 69 3.61 Infonnation Collection andAnalysis ...... 69 3.6.2 Sediment ContaninantSupplementarv AMonitoring ...... 69 3.7 SOIL ENVIRONMENT SURVEY ...... 69 3.7. Situation Szavei ...... 6...... 69 3.7.2 Analysis ofReszills ...... 70 3.8 A SUMMARY ON ENVIRONMENrALLY SENSmVE SPOTS ...... 70 4.AN IALYSISOF nVIPACrS ...... 73

4.1 AMAiXIMPACTABLEOFASSESSMENTON THE PROJECT ...... 73 4.2 ANALYSIS OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 73 4.2.1 ime ofConstruction...... 73 4.2.2AnalzingInfiluence on Water Qiality in the Overation Period...... 78 4.3. ANALYSIS OF IMPACTS ON ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 80 4.3.1. ContentofAnalysis ofImtxzcts on Ecolo-icalEnvironment ...... 80 4.3.2Analysis impactof of theproject on aquatic system ofecolowv ...... 80 4.3.3 Analysis ofthe Impact ofConstruction on Vegetation...... 81

ii 4.4 EVALUATION OF THE IMfPACT OF DREDGING WASTES ON ECOLOGY ...... 82 4.4. I Evaluation ofthe Hann of Dred j Wastes to Ecology ...... 82 4.4.2Analvsis ofImpact of Waste Dwnp (DisposalArea)...... :...... 83 4.5 ANALYSES OF IMPACTS ON AIR...... 84 4.5.1 The analvses ofsou,xe intensity ofdust emission ...... 84 4.5.2 TransportationLine, OperationSites, MaterialFields ...... 85 4.5.3 The analysis ofthe impact ofdust emission...... 85 4.5.4 The analvsis ofthe impact ofdust emission on the residentialareas ...... 86 4.6 THEANALYSIS OFTHE NOISE PRODUCED BYTHE PROJECT ...... ,... 86 4.6. Noise sozare intensity and noise forecast ...... 86 4.6.2 Objects thlat may be impacted by transportationnoise ...... 87 4.6.3 Analysis of noise caused by operation boats...... 87 4.6 4Analvsis ofnoise cnused bv transLortation...... 87 4.7T-E ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT ON THE SAEEY OFoSHIPS AND ROADS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD ...... 87 4.8THEANALYSIS OFTHIE INIPACTOFTHE PROJECT ON DRAINAGE FACILITY ...... 88 4.9 T 1EANALYSIS OFCONSERVATnON OF WATERAND SOIL ...... 88 4.1 0 ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE ON CULTURAL RELICS ...... 89 4.11 ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE OF RISKS ANDACCIDENTS ON FREIGHT ...... 89 4.11.1 Analysis of FreiW7! Situation and Estimation...... : 89 4.11.2 Swa-vei ofFreuen ...... 90 4.11.3 Analysis oflnluene of Tra?sportationAccidenton Enviromnent ...... 90 5. CUMULATiVE AND INDIRECT-INDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ASSESSAENT ...... 91

5.1 CUMUIATIVE ENVIRONMENTAl. EFFECTS ASSESSMENT (CEEA) . . 9 1 5.1.1 The Rationale ... 91 5.1.2 Relative Proiectsand Their Cwn ulative Environment Effects . . . 91 5.1.3 Cwnulative Envionmnent EffectsAssessment ...... 92 5.2 INDIRECT/INDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AssEssMENT (IEEA) . . 94 5.2.1 Social - Economic Development in the Watershed...... 94 5.2.2 AMain E.conon:icActivities Relative to t1ie PipposedProject ...... 97 5.2.3 Overallfndid-c:et Effects oftlie Social-Economic Developmen7t in the Reeion...... 98 5.2.4 Ciumnlative IMPacts in Op9eration7 Phrase...... 99 5.2. 5 Evistinf:Akfiaf0emnen7t Fracewneork an7d Pr-o eamis for thie ANortih Rivei . . . 100 6&MITIGATION MEASURES, SUGGESTION AND BUDGET FOR PROJECT .101

6.1 MMITGATION MEASUIRE-.AND SUGGESTION ON WATERQUALI,TY...... 6.2 MITIGAToN MEASURFS AND SUGGES TON IN DREDGING SEDIMENTs DISPOSAI . 1 02 6.3 MITGATION MEASURES AND SUGGESTON ON AIR ENVIRONMENT . 102 6.4 MITIGATION MEASURCSAND SUGGEsnON ON CONSTRuCnON NOISE .1 103 6.5 MITIGAT'ION MEASURESAND SUGGESTION ON LAND ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .1 04 6.6 MITIGATION MEASURESAND SUGGESTION ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS AND FISHERY RESOURCES .1 104 6.7 EMERGENCY MEASURES OF UNEXPECTED TRAFFICACCIDENTs.. 1 05 6.8 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTALMMGATION MEASURES AND BUDGE r .1 06

7.ALTERNATIVES ANAL SIS.... 116

7.1 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OFALTERNATIVES FOR ENGINEERING QUANTITIES ...... 116 7.1.1 Section A. Meniezou Dam to Futoushan (Mengli)(about 30an).116 7.1.2 Section B: Futoushan to Wushinan (about 4kn) 116 7.1.3 Section C. BaishiiaoDam to Guanvinvan (about 7kn) .. 116 7.1.4 Section D. Guanvinvan to Daluodu (about 41n)...... 116 7.1.5 Section E: FeilaixiaDam to Oinvvuan Bridge (about 30km) ...... 117 7.2 COMPARISON OF NVESIMENr COST ...... 118 7.3 COMPARATfVE ANALYSIS OFALTERNATIVES ON ENVIRONMENT IMPACTS ...... 118 7.4 INTEGRATEDASSESSMENT ...... 119 7.5ANALYSIS OF 'NON-PROGRAM" ALTERNATIVE PROJECT OF WATERWAY UPGRADING ENGINEERING ...... 119

8. PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 121

8.1 THE RESULTS OF THE FIRST PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 121 8.1.1 HJhv Public Consultation...... 121 8.1.2 Methodologv and Scope ofPublic Consultation...... 121 8.1.3 Public Opinion ...... 124 8.2 THE RESULTS OFTHE...... SECOND PUBLIC 126 8.2T .1 M et SdoloFTE1 ...... /26 8.2.2 Scope ...... 12 6 8.2.3 Coverage rate of the Public Conlsultation...... 1...... 126 8.2.4 Inltervievees/Participants...... I...... 126 8.2.5 Pu(blic Op.in7ion on thle Public meetinz and face to face initerviewv ...... 1...... 128 8.2.6 Chanees ofdraftEL report after secondp ublicc onsultation...... 1128

9.IMPLEMENTATION OF MNTIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ...... 129 9.1 IMPLEMENTA1ioN OF MMGATION MFASURFS ...... 129 9.2 ENVIRONMENTADM1NISTRATION ORGANIZATION, RESPONSIBILMES AND SYSTEM...... 129 9.2.1 Oganmization Structre...... 129 9.2.2 Responsibilitiesand Svstem ...... 131 9.3 CONTRACTDOCUMENTS ...... 132 9.4 TRAINING AND BUDGEr...... 132 9.4.1 Evi,ion,nent pi-tection knovledEeand abilitv trainin.E...... 132 9.4.2 Environment protection abilitvtraininL ...... 132 9.5 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN AND BUDGET.1 1333...... 3...... 9.5.1 Dredeinq Waste Monitorine an7d Its BJudg et ...... 133 9.5.2 71iterEnvirownent Aloniitorii7nP an1ddlan. B..d.e...... 133 9.5.3 EnvironmnentAir and Aoise MonitorinQ Plan and Btd.et...... 134 9.5.4 lMonitorhilgPlanl S ownna' and b7c/det ...... 1135 9.5.5 Flow-ccarts ofEnviron,nel7tAMonitorine' Plan ...... 137

10. COMIPREHENSIVE CONCLUSION ...... 137 Annex I: Photoes of The First Public Consultation Annex Il: Photoes of Tle Second Public Consultation Annex III: Name of the Plants in Investi2ation References

iv Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

0. Preface

The North River, running from the northern part of Guangdong Province to the Pearl Delta, is the second largest river of the Pearl River system. The navigation in the North River is a traditional way in the two mountainous municipalities of Shaoguang and Qingyuan. The waterway transportation in the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) plays an important role in the local social and economic development, and is becoming busier and busier.

It is efficient and urgent to improve the North River waterway for the local social and economic development and resources utility, especially for improving local economical conditions of the mountainous areas presently backward. Therefore, Guangdong Province Waterway Bureau decided to regulate the waterway of the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan). Inland River Design Institute of Sichuan (IRDISC) undertook the feasibility study. The project applied for loan from the World Bank.

It is required by the World Bank and laws and regulations to make Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Project. In January of 2001, Guangdong Province Waterway Bureau (GDWB) selected South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, SEPA (SCIES) to undertake EIA study for the project. This TOR for EIA of the project is based on the data and information provided by GDWB, field surveys, and requirements of World Bank EIA Guidelines and national EIA Guidelines. The Approved EIA Outline by State Environment Protection Administration (SEPA) will be the basis of the EIA study for the project. The EIA Outline was examined by State Environment Protection Administration (SEPA) on the 23rd - the 27th May, 2002 and reviewed by the experts of World Bank on the 16th of April and 17th of July, 2002. The revised TOR will be the basis of the EIA study for this project. EnvironmentalImpact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

1.General Description of EIA

1.1 Basis of the Project EIA

1.1.lEnvironment related Laws and Regulations

1) Environment ProtectionLaw of the People 's Republic of China (December 1989);

2) Water PollutionPrevention and control Law of the People 's Republic of China (May 1996);

3) Water law of the People's Republic of China (January 1988);

4) Air Pollution Prevention and control Law of the People 's Republic of China (September 2000); 5) Prevention Environment from Solid wastes and Control Law of the People's Republic of China (October 1995); 6) Noise Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China (March December 1997);

7) Land Governance Law of the People's Republic of China (1998);

8)Forest Law of the People 's Republic of China (December 1998);

9) Wildlife Conservation Lazv of the People's Republic of China (December 1988);

10) Water and Soil ConservationLaw of the People's Republic of China (1991);

11) Flood Prevention and Control Law of the People 's Republic of China (1998);

12) Cultural Relics Prevention Law of the People 's Republic of China (May 1992);

13) River Governance regulations of the People 's Republic of China (1998);

14) Navigation Channel Governance regulationsof the People's Republic of China (1987);

15) Environment Protection Administration Regulations for Construction Projects (State Council, 1998); 16) Announcement to Enforce Administration of EIA for the construction Projects Loaned by InternationalFinancial Organizations (SEPA etc, 1993);

17) ProfessionalManual of World Bank -Environment Assessment (OP/BP/GP4. 01); 18) A Classification List of Construction Projects (The first list) for Environment Protection Management (2001); 19) Environment Protection Management of Communication Construction Projects (the Ministry of Communications, 1990); 20) Environment Protection Administration Regulations for Construction Projects in Guangdong Province (People's Congress of Guangdong Province, 1994); 21) Surface Water Directory of Guangdong Province (People's Government of Guangdong Province, 1999); and 22) Environment related contents in the local urban development master plans and environmentalplans of Shaoguan, Qingyuan, Yingde, etc. 1.1.2 Technical Guidelines

2 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

1) Environment Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines issued by State Environment Protection Administration (HJ/T2.1-2.3---93,);

2) Environment Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines - Non-pollution Ecological Impacts issued by State Environment ProtectionAdministration (HJ/TJ 9-97);

3) Environment Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines- Acoustic Environment issued by State Environment ProtectionAdministration (HJ/T2.4-95);

4) Guidance of EU for Water Conservancy and Waterpower Projects (trial) (SDJ302-88) 1989;

5) Guidance of ElA for Inland Waterway Projects issued by Communications Ministry (JTJ227-2001);

6) Comprehensive Guidelines of Water and Soil Conservation (GB/Ti 6453.6-1996); and

7) Technical Specification of Water and Soil ConservationforDevelopment Project (SL201-98).

1.1.3 Project Proposal and Other Documents

1) Projectproposalfor the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation (GPWB);

2) FeasibilityStudy Report of the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation (IRDISC);

3) An Introduction to the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan Section) Waterway Regulation Project (GPWB); and

4) A letter to SCIESfor EM study of the North River Waterway Regulation Project (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) issued by Guangdong Province Waterway Bureau (January of2002). 1.2 EIA Scope

1.2.1 Water Environment Assessment

The EIA scope of the water environment of the project is to cover: the North River Middle Section (Shaoguan -Qingyuan Section), 184 kilometers long, with a geographical scope from the Maofeng Park of Shaoguan down stream to Qingyuan North River Bridge, including I kilometers up to each ,i_.._ Nanshui, Wenjiang, Lianjiang, and Pajiang.

1.2.2 Ecological Environment Assessment The ecological environment assessment of the project consists of two parts:

Aquatic ecologicalenvironment assessment

The survey and assessment scope for the project is the same as water environment assessment above mentioned.

Land ecologicalenvitonment assessment

According to the "Guidance of EUA for Inland Waterway Projects issued by Communications Ministry (JTJ227-2001)", the survey and assessment scope for the project includes: 100 m inland from the highest watershed along each side, quarry areas, dumping areas and disposal areas, construction camps.

1.2.3 Air Environment Assessment

According to the "Guidance of ELU for Inland Waterway Projects issued by Communications Ministry (JTJ227-2001)", the air environment assessment scope of the project will be focused on 200 m inland from the highest watershed along each side in the 184 kilometers along the North-River; the areas 500 m from the border of quarries, dumping sides, disposal sides, or construction camps; and the areas 200 m Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingmuan)Waterway Regulation Project from each side along the roadway used to truck the materials from the quarries the project sites. 1.2.4 Acoustic Environment Assessment

According to the "Guidance of EL4 for Inland Waterway Projects issued by Communications Ministry (JTJ227-2001)", the acoustic environment assessment of the project is the same as air environment assessment scope above mentioned. The impact area of the noise caused by the project is usually not far than 200 meters from the noise sources. 1.25 The Analyses of Social and Economic Effects The scope of social and economic effects of the project will cover at the North River, including: Shaoguan municipality, Qingyuan municipality, Yingde sub-municipality, and Qujiang County, and part of downstream beneficial area of the pearl Delta.

1.2.6 The Analyses of Effects on Cultural Relics The investigation will cover possibly affected areas in the 184 kilometers long river sections with civil works, quarries, dumping sides, disposal sides and construction camps,_which has been submitted to the local cultural-relics institute to investigate. The result will be utilized in EIA. The details shown in the special subject .(Please see tlle Annex). 1.2.7 Public Consultation The investigation coverage for public consultation includes: Shaoguan, Qingyuan, Yingde and Qujiang county and all towns and communities located at the North River.

1.3 EIA Classification

JIic cle s :i ol)I'n lie proposecl poaect as a C(lss A is consistent with the requirements in ProfessionalManual of World Bank-Environment Assessment (OP/BP/GP4. 01), Circular on Enhancing Management of EIA for Development Projects Co-financed by the loan from International Financial Organizations (issued by SEPA et. 1993); and take into consideration of the possible direct and indirect impacts and their scopes of the project on environment.

1.4 Environment Standards and Control Standards of Pollutants

1.4.1 Surface Water

Water Qualdy Standard

.\Vt_JLt, wt 0is "Water Resource Quality Protection Program of Guangdong Province" and "Water Environmental Function Directory (trial), the environment functions of the North River and its tributaries must meet the needs for: drinking water source, agriculture, industry and fishery. Therefore, according to the requirements of "Environmental Quality StandardforSurface Water(GB3838-2002)", the environmental quality standards for surface water assessment are listed in the Tablel-4-1 and Tablel-4-2. (also shown in the Fig.1.l) Besides, the following standards are as references:

1) Water Quality Standard for Fisheries (GBI 1607-89). The stipulations for SS in the standard says "increased SS concentration in the water by any activity is no more than lOm/L", "no harmful impacts should be allowed on any fish, shrimp or shellfish, if suspended solid set down to the bed"; 2) Hygiene Standardfor Drinking Water (GB5479-85); and

3) StandardforIrrigation water Quality (GB5084-92). Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 14-1 Spsifoation of Water quality of surface water and Discharging River From To Length Quality Dischargin Location (km) standard North Shazhouwei Baisha (SG) 30 IV 2 Shaoguan North Baisha (SG) Majingliao 30 111 I Shaoguan, Qingyuan North Maiingliao Shakouxu 5 11 Forbidden Qingyuan North Shakouxu Baisha (YD) 33 I Qingyuan North Baisha (YD) Yingde Bridge 18 Forbidden Qinyuan North Yingde Bridge Jiuhengshi 40 I Qingyuan North Jiuhengshi New North River 35 1 Forbidden Qingyuan Bridge Nanshui Nanshui Mengzhou Dam 32 111 I Shaoguan Reservoir Dam Wenjiang Dazhen Shuikou Donganzui 35 11 Forbidden Qingyuan Lianjiang Xiniu Town Lianjiang mouth 30 Qingyuan Paiiang Fogang Town Paiang mouth 40 Qingyuan

Tablel-4-2 Environmental quality standards for surface water (GB3838-2002) (mg/L) Items classlI III IV V H 6_9 Oxygen D Saturation rate 6 5 3 2 90% (or 7.5) Penmanganate salt index S 2 4 6 10 15 COD S 15 15 20 30 40 BODs 3 3 4 6 10

NH3 -N 0.15 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 T-P (based on P) S 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 T-N (for lake and water conservancy 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

based on N) _ _ Cu 0.01 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Zn 0.05 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 F S 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 Se S 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02

As______0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.1 Hg 0.00005 0.00005 0.0001 0.001 0.001 Cd 0.001 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.01 CIO' <0.01 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 Pb 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 CN- 0.005 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 'ic:';,i < 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.01 0.1 Petrleum S 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.5 1.0 2L |LvtAlll <- 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 Sulfide 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 !:cc. i . ;; -iti ,m-z ; l (A ' , S200-I 2000 10000 20000 40000 vmiu (H,;uoshan

10km ^tAf,_ Hexi 0, ShajguanHFen 0 5 1 kM ozhu yuan ( __ [ / t J / ~~~~~~~~6an , ~~~~~~~~~Xdn gLd~ ~ ~ 0n At< ;S7Dongrian g" .. -', - b

Fengtian Batu .

Ruyuan Ba-sh Jingwan Ba Qujiang Shaid

/ uengl Gumushui Prjt tt /O Dabu ZhflS

I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(Ato elU n/

i gkeng thalo 9

Shigutang Hengshitang Yunling

Baishi -

0azgbo /. - _ --. ~*secton C-0

iyinM -gf`o Dazhen6

f* ----)GJiangwana>--Shiu1iJ Aingjing Jian'wan YiYngde -n / , Hegongkengkuo piDzran Yuwan Jiulong ,,,------Huanggang_. - / . \_ Qiaona{/ k ' Qiaox(ia B,a

Shabei Shuibian Baisha

Dadong anjiangkuo Gaogang YanUng Xinzhou ( ,

Qingxi J He (

Yuba / FoxgangFogang -Sanba -huitou . Shangkeng () Zhul ng Iiei~LW -Gaotian Ia..

/ / Minan

Iangkuo - a Road Legend Class 11

Y~-Q in>ingyuan Jkoun- Gaoqiao Railway Class 1l1

Huilan

{ Qixing-~~ Yuantang _ br,s L-.' Existing Dam Class IV Fig 1-1 Water Quality Targets & Drinking Water Protection Area in the North-River(Part) 6 Environmental Impact Assessmenlfor North-River(Shaogllan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

ControlStandardof Water Pollutants Discharge

"Effluent limit for water pollutants of Guangdong Province" (DG44/26-200 1) is taken into the consideration when Control standard of pollutants effluent is decided. Besides, "Effluent standardfor pollutantsfrom ships" (GB3552-83) is a reference. The control standard of effluent for the North River is also listed in the Table 1-4-3.

Table 14-3 Discharging limitation of contaminations in water (DB44/26-2001) (mgtL) (Part)

Polluted materials SS BOD5 CODcr Petoleum Sulphide N1-13-N Phosphate (based on P) Class 1 60 20 90 5.0 0.5 10 0.5

Class 2 100 30 110 8.0 1.0 15 1.0

Class 3 400 300 500 20 2.0 - _

1.4.2 Noise

"Standard of environment noise of urban area" (GB3096-93) is a reference for noise assessment, which listed in Tablel-4-4.Class I noise standard is applied for any schools, hospitals and residential areas: 55 dB for daytime allowed highest noise level, 45 dB for nighttime. Class 2 noise standard is applied for commixing areas of commercial areas, residential areas and industrial areas: 60 dB for daytime allowed highest noise level, 50 dB for nighttime. Class 3 noise standard is applied for industrial areas.

Table 144 Standards of Environmental Noise in Urban Area (GB3096-93) Type Daytine Nighnime 0 50 40 1 55 45 2 60 50 3 65 55 4 70 60

"Standard of noise at boundary of industrial enterprises" (GB 12523-90) is for noise assessment and control for the project sides. Which listed in Tablel -4-5.

Table 14-5 Limitation of noise in constructional scope (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(A)l Construction Main source of noise Limitation of noise phase Daytime Nighttime Earth and stone Bulldozer, excavator, loading 75 55 machine and so on Piling Each kind of piling machine 85 Construction prohibited Structure Mixer of concrete, vibrating stick, 70 55 electrical saw and so on I Decoration Crane, elevator and so on 65 55

1.4.3 Air Environment

The Standards for air quality assessment and air pollutants emission control are Standard grade 2 in "Ambient air quality standard" (GB3095-1996), standard grade 2 in "Integrated Emission limitfor air pollutants of Guangdong Province" (DB44/27-200 1), Listed respectively Table 1-4-6.

7 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Table 1-46 Quality Standards of Environmental Air (GB3095-1996) Name of Time of Limitation of consistence ( mg/cu m at STP) contamination recording Standard I Standard 11 Standardll TSP Annual average 0.08 0.20 0.30 Daily average 0.12 0.30 0.50

SO2 Hourly average 0.15 0.50 0.70 Daily average 0.05 0.15 0.25 Annual average 0.02 0.06 0.10

NO2 Hourly average 0.12 0.24 0.24 Daily average 0.08 0.12 0.12 IAnnual average 0.04 0.08 0.08

1.4.4 River sediments

Standard grade 2 in the "Environment quality standardforsoils" (GB 15618-1995) is for river sediments; and "Pollutants control standardforsludge used infarmland" (GB4284-84) is the reference for the silts dredged out.

1.4.5 Soils

Class 3 of "Environment quality standard for soils" (GBI15618-1995) is applied for soil assessment of the project. The standard values are listed in the Table 1-4-7.

Table 1-4-7 Class 3 of "Environment quality standard for soils" (GB15618-1995) (Part)

Parameter Cd Hg As Cu Pb Cr Zn Ni

Paddy Farmland Paddy Farmland

Value (mgAc) 1.0 1.5 30 40 400 500 400 300 500 200

1.5 Assessment of critical issuies and Grades

1.5.1 Assessment ot critical issues

For a waterway project, the EIA for the project will focus on:

1) Surface water environment impacts in the Cc 1'! t'LuCi'n 11p,IiaQ;

2) Aquatic ecological environment impacts in the tvonsIuitnluc;tio

3) Indirect impact of the project, including the impact on the economic activities in the northern region of Guangdong;

4) Public Consultation for the project;

1.5.2 Assessment Grades

According to the classification principles for EIA in the "Environment Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines" (HJ/T2. 1-2.4, 19) issued by State Environment Protection Administration and the "Guidance of EIA for Inland Waterway Projects" (JTJ227-200 1) issued by Communications Ministry, the assessment grades of the project are as follows:

TheAssessment of Water Envionment

The "Environment Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines" (HJlT2.3, 93) says "water environment

a EnvironmentalImpact Assessmen for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project assessment grade is decided by three factors: the amount of wastewater from the project, pollutants and their concentrations in the wastewater, and the scale and water quality targets of the water body impacted by the construction phase. Water environment impacts of the project are caused mainly in the project period. In the project life, the water environment impacts of the project is compounded by the facts that suspended solid concentration in the North River will be increased by dredging and shoal blasting, the operation of dredging ships and machines will produce effluents and wastes, and construction camps into the river will contaminate water. The effluent amount of the project will be small. The water environment impacts in the operation phase will be light; the water pollution will be slightly caused by ships and the pollutants will come from ships. However, the water quality in the North River is required to meet a high standard, because a part of the project area belongs to the drinking water sources and fishery resources protection areas. Therefore, the water environment assessment of the project is classified to category 2 with reference to the technical guidelines for EIA issued by SEPA.

Ecological EnvironnentAsressnen1

The comments on TOR for EIA of the project from SEPA require that, to effectively protect fish resources habitats and spawning areas in the no-fishing areas established in the North River by Qingyuan Municipal Government, Category 2 is applied to the ecological environment assessment of the project, with reference to the EL4 Technical Guidelines - Non-pollution Ecological Impacts issued by SEPA (HJ/TI 9-97).

Air Enviotnment andAndNoiseAnalysis

The impacts of the project on air environment and acoustic environment of sensitive sites are slight and exist only in the conistrill,ion P)ihas. The assessments of air environment and acoustic environment are in category 3 respectively.

9 Environmental impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

2. Project Description

2.1 Project Location

The Shaoguan-Qingyuan section of the North River, 184 kilometers long, winding through the canyons and basins in the northem part of Guangdong province, is the midstream of the North River. Its geographical coverage is east longitude 111 50' to 1 14° 50', north latitude 23° 40' to 25° 40'. The river course for regulation is from Shaoguan downstream to the Qingyuan North River Highway Bridge. The location of the project is shown in Figure 2. 1. 2.2 The Construction Scale and the Design Standard of the Waterway

The channel may arrive at Grade V through renovation. It is possible for channel Dimensions to amount up to 1.3x40x260 meters when the guarantee rate of the comprehensive stage duration curve method is 95%. The passage capacity of the channel exceed 1.13million tons when the self-propelled barge of 30(Q-ton capacity or the fleet of 2x300-ton capacity passes through the channel. 2.3 Cutrrent Statuis

2.3.1 "Current Status of Waterwav

Three dams were constructed in the middle section of the North River (Shaoguang-Qingyuan section) in 1990s. They are Mengzhou-Dam, Baishiyao-Dam and Feilaixia-Dam( 1:igure 2.2). The Dams turned this reach into all-year-round headbond area, fluctuating hcadpowd zone and downstream reaches of projects.The channel in the hicadpoiid area can be open to navigation of over-500-ton ship all year round because its water body is broad;water flows smoothly and water is deep and abundant.

The channels in fluctuating head pond zone are influenced both by fluctuating lheaidpond of each project and the unsteady flow of power hump modulation in upper stream project. The average range of water level is between I meter and 3 meters. Rapids appear when the water level is low when the former regulation structures have lost their own functions and hamper the safe and regular navigation of boats (ships). Therefore, the reaches in this zone can only be to navigation of about 100-ton ship. They are navigable for over 100-ton ship only in the midium flood period or abundant discharge period.

The downstream reaches of projects enjoy the same features as those of rivers in mountain areas or plains. River courses are valley-like or spacious. Due to the influence of \ itriaLbk tl.m, channels change greatly and navigation conditions are bad. Currently, the channel maintenance standards are as follows: 102-km-long navigation area from Shaoguan to Yingde city is grade VII channel installed with type III navigation mark whose dimensions are 0.8*15*90 meters. It is the navigation for 50-ton ships. 22-km-long navigation area from Yingde to the mouth of Lianjiang River is grade VIl channel installed with type I mark whose dimensions are 0.8*15*120 meters. It is the navigation for 50-ton ships. 60-km-long navigation area from the mouth of Lianjiang River to Qingyuan city is grade VI channel installed with type I mark whose dimensions are 1.0*20*120 meters. It is the navigation for 100-ton ships.

2.3.2 Current n)oit facilities :.. Harbors

There are important purt illcilitiQs such as Shaoguan port rct.iiitics, Yingde porl lit6litics and Qingyuan pofrt tciIicics. (Figur e 2.2) Besides, there are many small wharfs of towns scattering within the area of the Middle Reach of North River. The total amount of purl tltcilitics and wharfs (including small ones) is 20 within this reach. These three harbors mentioned above begin to take shape, which own some handling machinery, backup site, warehouse, container yard and convenient handling. However, its capacity is still far from the shipping requirement in this area according to the current statistics of the shipping goods and its increasing tendency. It's imperative to renovate those small wharfts (calling spots), which have no handling machinery and backup site.

10 _____H4 %4_,'a-

AJJ

- ~~~~~~~ingyuan City I 1.71 1 ;- i y | \ --g--0 1 _

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Fig. 2-1 Location of Guangdong Waterway Regulation Project for the North River (Shaoqun-Qingyuan Section) Sub-Component

II 26-b | | {\7 > d ' > |Shaoguan Cty

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Project location

3 r i ~~ ~~~so ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0100 Scale _ l ckm

Fig. 2-1 Location of Guangdong Waterway Regulation Project for the North River (Shaoqun-Qingyuan Section) Sub-Component j lengigl Yangtengn

+adon_ YunnyingcYg

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Qingyu a Oashajip#,:I Port o\ River

Qixingga%xi Road Railway / > ' ku~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~antang.. Water pumping

vlengke \ Drinking Irrigation Fig.2-2a Water Intakes along the12 North River(Yingde-Qingyuan) A_ /nliuh

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:guaaInyanrD ______Ptect sitesRailway Liangshuijtie Fenhuangzui Water pumping Guanyinyafl _ -' Drinking BFgaha t Irrigation Fig.2-2b Water Intakes along the North River(Shaoguan-Yingde) 13 Environmental impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingywan) Waterway Regulation Project

2.3.3Baseline Waterway Transportation The boats and ships running in the waterway have the capacities of 100 tons to 500 tons. The numbers of boats and ships and tonnage have been increasing rapidly in the past years. In 2000, the traffic in the waterway is 1,300 boats or ships, with total 129,000 tonnage, shipping total 6,040,000 tons of goods. (1) Cargo carrying capacity and vessel types: The cargo carrying capacities for the three sections at Shao-guan, Ying-de and Qing-yuan respectively are put forward according to the project's feasibility study report. Vessels available locally have a cargo carrying capacity of 100-500 tons. Among them, 70% of these vessels have a cargo carrying capacity of 200 tons or so. Based on such data, we can make a rough estimate of the runs of vessels in each river reach. See the estimations in Table 2-3-1.

Table 2-3-1 Estimated Cargo Carrying Capacities at the Three Sections respectively 2005 2010 2020 Item/year Total Up Down Total Up Down Total Up Down transport transport transport transport transport transport SectionatShao)guan 229.5 83.2 146.3 276.5 102.1 174.4 371.0 146.0 225.0 (I10.000 tons)___ Estimatedarunofvessels 11475 / / 13825 = 18550 / (rn smNear)______Section at Ymg-de 362.4 91.0 271.4 461.6 116.1 345.5 708.2 174.6 533.6 (10.000 to nls)______Esimatedarusofvessels 18120 / / 23080 / / 35410 / / (runs NLear) _ __ _ SecitonatQing-yuan 531.6 219.7 311.9 695.0 276.4 418.6 1044.8 407.9 636.9 (10 0 0 tons/year) _II_ I_ _ I_ _ I_ _ _ _ _ Estimated nins of vessels 26580 / / 34750 / / 52240 / / I(rn s /year) ______(2) Types of cargo The section General Engineering Conditions has given detailed explanation on types of cargo to be transmitted in the waterway in the middle reaches of North River, mainly including coal, cement & mine construction materials. Cargo of other types ranges from machinery/equipment, electrical appliances, agricultural & sideline products, industrial chemicals, light industry products, to pharmaceutical products and non-ferrous metal etc. (3) Dimensions of exiting ships Dimensions of exiting ships are listed in table 2-3-2.

2.3.4 Water-Pumping Spots

According to the recent investigating, there exist 57 \'1'"1 kk :;li!iic;c, along the Shaoguan-Qingyuan section of North River. They are equipped for drinking, industrial and irrigation use, but most of them were built in all-year-round hszidtlpaiJt area in 1960's -1990's and parts of them have been stopped from using now. They are shown in

2.3.5 Dykes Investigation and field survey shows that all existing dykes can meet flood prevention standards after the project is completed; and no civil works is required. However, some natural banks exists along the middle reach of NorthRiver and they are easy to be destroyed by the impact of flood, so bank revetments need to be constructed to prevent waterway from being chocked with soil/sand from ho!1. ive,oi.

14 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 2-3-2 Rangs of dimensions of exiting ships

:rial Main engine Total Molded Molded Draught Cargo carrying I Types of ship capicity(kw) length(meter) breath(meter) depth(meter) (meter) caplcity(ton)

45-ton semi-cabi 34 23.60 4.80 1.15 0.80 45 argo ship 5-ton semi-cabin 34 27.50 5.60 1.35 1.02 85 argo ship 100-ton emi-cabin cargo 88 29.18 5.80 1.45 1.10 100 hip ______140-ton semi-cabin cargo 88 31.50 6.60 1.60 1.20 140 ship ______180-ton semi-cabin cargo 105 37.06 7.50 1.80 1.20 180 15-ton emi-cabin cargo 105 38.82 8.50 2.10 1.20 215 15-ton emi-cabin cargo 136 42.10 8.00 2.00 1.40 12TEU 50-ton emi-cabin cargo 136 41.88 8.80 2.40 1.30 250 h ip ______00-ton emi-cabin cargo 184 45.38 8.80 2.60 1.40 300 hip I 00-ton Carg 72 9.90 10.60 3.60 2.50 00 h ip ______2.4 Necessity of Proposed Waterway Up2rading

2.4.1 To speed up economical development of this area requires the water upgrading

As one of the most developed regions in economy in Guangdong province even throughout China, the Pearl River Delta is in lack of raw materials and fuel. The raw materials lacked must be transported from Hunan and Jiangxi province, and all these materials were transported by ship through Beijiang River through the ages. The Pearl River Delta enjoys a rapid and sustaining economic development, therefore the demand for raw materials and fuel provided from above provinces become larger and larger, and so does the demand of the freight volume undertaken by ship in Beijiang River. With the increasing of the waterway transportation in the North River year by year, and the water carriage becominga major transporting measures in this industrial developing zone, the waterway in the North River must be widened and the navipational channel upgraded.

The waterway form Shaoguan to Qingyuan in the middle reaches of Beijiang River is a "Gold Waterway" in the territory, therefore using a relatively small investment for channel upgrading in key and difficult sections and improving navigational conditions is a simple investment of low cost but with significant return, and also is very necessary in order to speed up the economic development within this area.

2.4.2 Regulation is the necessary ontion to improving the conditions of the waterway

There are three key river control facilities in the middle reaches of Beijiang River including Mengzhouba water control dam with navigation shiplocks, Baishiyiao water control dam with navigation shiplocks, Feilaixia water control dam with navigation shiplocks built up successively during 90s' of the 20th century. The general descriptions of these projects are as follows:

(I) Mengzhouba Project

15 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

This is a project ofGrade m and it's control is by nmoffriver reaation alldav. The ship lock is a singl-line and grade 1.The lock chamber is an integrated structur whose dimensions are 140*14*2 merters Oength*width*water-depth of gate). The lock chamber is decorated with 2*7-pair floating loops linking boats. (2)Baishiyao Project

The project is a project of Grade m and it's control is by runoff river regulation all-day. The ship lock is a singl-line and grade 1. The lock chamber is an integrated structure whose dimensions are 140*14*2.5 merters. (length*width*water-depth of gate).

(3)Feilaixia Project

The project is a project of Grade I and it's control is by nnoff river regulation all-day. The ship lock is a singl-line and grade 1. The lock chamber is an integrated structure whose dimensions are 178*16*3 merters. (length*width*water-depth of gate).

The Midlle Reach of Beijiang River is open to navigation all year round with clear channel and busy transportation. Three key water control projects mentioned above were built in 90's. Significant variations in river flow in the downstream area since commissioninp of the three dams has resulted in significant changes to the downstream channel (configuration, sediment dynamics. etc.). The long-term impact has been greatly restricted navigation. In contrast, the navigation condition in reservoir is excellent, because the headpond area is deep and abundant with water all year round, and more over, the channel here is broad. AU in all, regulation is absolutely necessary for improving the condition of the waterway.

2.4.3 The Proposed Waterway Upgradini, Project and its Effect on the Overall Transportation System

The middle reaches of Beijiang River, Jing-Guang Railway and its extension to Shen Zhen and Kowloon, State Highway 106 and 107, Jing-Zhu Express Highway as well as Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport has built up an important transporting networks passing through Middle-North China vertically and horizontally. The proposed Beiiiang Waterway Upgrading Proiect will be implemented in phases. Through the water-transporting networks among Beijiang, Xijiang and Dongjiang Rivers, the coverage of economic zone of the Pearl River Delta will be enlarged into the area where the three rivers can access. And by combination of sea transportation, united carriage channel passing through different areas with long distance can be built up; this will shorten transporting distance from the producing area of raw materials, fuel and other products to the place where the said products are consumed, thus to reduce producing and transporting cost, and it plays a very important role for the sustainableeconomic development of Guangdong province, especially in North-Guangdong area. In addition, the water carriage channel can fetch up the disadvantage of railway and highway for transporting some low-value materials and super big cargos. Therefore, the exploitation and construction of navigation in the middle reaches of Beijiang River can make the comprehensive transporting system more complete, and the distribution of networks more reasonable. The waterway upgrading of 184 km from Shaoguan to Qingyuan is one part of the exploitation and construction of the main stream of Beijiang River.The waterway upgrading of 74 km from Qingyuan in Beijiang to Sanshui Bayou was completed and accepted smoothly in 2000.Anyway, the navigational conditions can be improved furthermore. Therefore, the upgrading from Qingyuan to Shaoguan, and the extension of the main stream of Beijiang River will enhance navigational capacity, and then not only the transporting frame by railway, highway and water transportcan be built up. Also the technical expertise developed in waterway upgrading under such conditions as the Beiiiang will serve to facilitate future waterway projects in the upper reaches of other rivers with similar construction characteristics.

2.4.4 Proposed Waterway UpErading Will Promote Development of Tourism

According to the information provided by the tourist department, the tour resources of the cities alongside Beijiang are very abundant. There are a lot of tour advantages and attractions in these areas, such as centuries-old developing history, splendid antiquity culture, famous mountains, ancient temples, green virgin forest. These abundant tour resources can be developed into tour items with different characteristics, and will add new tour hot spots and touring routes in Guangdong province. And also,

16 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Shaoguan and Qingyuan should have been one of the most important tour bases in Guangdong province. But because the traffic condition here is poor for the time being, the abundant tour resources have not been developed into a reality. For the future, along with the improvement of people's living standard, outdoor tour on weekend and holidays will become more and more popular; and people who would like to return to the nature will increase greatly. Therefore, upgradine Beijiang waterway will solve the problems caused by ships blocking and will bring up a flourishing development of water tour in Beijiang River.

2.4.5 Proposed Waterway Upgrading Will Facilitate Better Navigation

Because of the influence of flow control of each water-power station, navigational blockage is frequent, and sometimes phenomena of serious ship blockage and running aground occurred. According to the introduction of the Qingyuan City Government, during 60 days of the lower water and average water period of each year, ships stayed in this river section and created a new "Landscape" in Beijiang River. And the living sewage, waste water and garbage was discharged into this river section from about 100 ships almost, this has made water quality exceeded specified standards seriously, this situation threatened the water quality of water source in Qingyuan city and Qixinggang Water Factory in Qingyuan city greatly. Therefore, upgrading Beijiang waterway is a guarantee not only to facilitate navigation, but also to protect water quality of Beijiang River, avoid water pollution by ships and reduce deleterious environmental impacts too. 2.5 Project Scheme

This project is to improve navigation condition of the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan). The civil works of the project are constructed in the follow river sections of the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan): three natural river courses (including Section A Mengzhouba Dam-Mengli, Section C Baishiyao Dam-Guanyinyan and Section E Feilaixia Dam-Qingyuan Beijiang Bridge), and two seasonally fluctuating water level course(including Section B Menli-Wushinan and Section D Guanyinyan-Daluodu). This project mainly considered four kinds of civil works: groynes, spurs (showed following drawingl - ), retaining. bank- revetment, and dredging. Figure 2.2 and Figure 2.3a,b,c shows the civil works of the project. From upriver to downriver of the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan), an introduction to the project is as follows:

2.5.1 Section A Mengzhouba Dam to Mengli (Natural River) (about 30km) and Section B Mengli to Wushinan (seasonal fluctuation course)(about 4km) Totally 19 spots of dangerous shoals locatein a 32.1 kilometers long river course, which need to be regulated. The main civil works is as following: (1) To construct 116 spurs and groins, amount to 16.08 kilometers long and 471,500 m3 ; (2) To dredge 555,800 m3of sediments; and (3) To construct 3,800 m3 of revetment

2.5.2 Section C Baishiyao Dam to Guanyinyan (Natural River)(about 7km) and Section D Guanyinyan to Daluodu (seasonal fluctuation course)(about 4km) To regulate 7 dangerous shoals, regulation length is 9.0 kilometers of river course; and to construct 38 spurs and groins, totally 7.57 kilometers long and 16,2700 m3 . Among them: (1) 32 spurs, totally 5.30 kilometers long and 122,000 m3; and (2) 6 groinss, total 2.27 kilometers long and 40,700 m3. (3)To dredge 157,000 m3 of sediments.

2.5.3 Section E Feilaixia Dam to Qingyuan Bridge (Natural River)(about 30km) To regulate 15 dangerous shoals, regulation length is 31.9 kilometers of river course; and to construct 80 spurs and groins, totally 23.60 kilometers long and 690,200 m3. Among them: (1) 76 spurs, total 21.34 kilometers long and 600,670 m3; and

17 The Structural Drawing Of Spur

>;< _ i ~~~~~~~~~1:10-:50 v The Second Regulation later Level

1:100-1:500 Tlhe First Regulation later Level 7 =Design fater Level

Elevation Drawing

F-B

_,, __ I I=

B Ichnography Bottom Stabilizing

Apron Of Jackstone Slope Protection Of Jackstone Jackstone I-X .Jackst

A-A B-B

Drawing EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

(2) 4 groins, total 2.26 kilometers long and 58,500 m3 . (3) To dredge 312,000 m3 of sediments; and (4) To construct 25,000 m3 of bank revetment 2.6 Timing

The project implementation will be divided into two phases. That is as follows:

2.6.1 The First Phase The first Rhe of the project implementation will last from 2004 to the first half of the year 2006. The river sections to be regulated in the first phases include: Section C Baishiyao Dam to Guanyinyan, Section D Guanyinyan to Daluodu, and section E Feilaixia Dam to Qingyuan Bridge.

2.6.2 The Second Phase The second phas of the pitject implementation will start in the second half of the year 2006 and ends in the year 2007. The river sections to be regulated in the second Phas include section of Mengzhouba Dam to Wushinan (including Section A Mengzhouba Dam to Mengli, and Section B Mengli to Wushinan). 2.6.3 Project Budget and Investment Arrangement

The detailed budgetary estimation is under working. The project budgetary estimate and investment arrangement are listed in the Table 2-6-1.

Table 2-61 Project budgetary estimate and investment arrangement (The Exchange rate of US$ to RMB is 8.27)

TOTAL YEAR I YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 INVESITMEN \l Investment rate 100%/0 25% 30% 300/o 15% Investment RMB (I000 Yuan) 280,000 70,000 84,000 84,000 42,000 US$(x 1000)* 33,8573 8,464.3 10,157.2 10,157.2 5,078.6

2.6.4 Equipments

The main equipments used for the project include dredgers, towboats, cranes, trucks, bulldozers and concrete mixers. The files are shown in table 2-6-2.

Table 2-62 Main tvyes equipment used for the project Equipment TYPE AMOUNT (ABOUr) Suction dredger 80-100M/H, 4 Clamshell dredger &2.5-&8.0MJ/CLAMSHELL 6 Dumb barge and towboat 120M ,88KW 10 Crane 1-2T 5 Truck 3.5-8T 8 Bulldozer 74KW 5 Concrete rnixer GZB-600 5 2.7 Conditions of Engineering and project plan

2.7.1 Traffic Conditions of Engineering

19 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

On the basis of site inspections by Task-Group, it is known that the traffic along the Northem River is rather convenient, on the east bank the main road is Yin-Ying (Qingyuan-Yingde) road (named S203), and every village or town has suburban road connecting the dock on the both banks of the river, 65% of the suburban roads are paved with concrete and others are paved with sand-stone, so it is sure that the traffic can meet the demand of field construction and it is not necessary to construct extra traffic ways and temporary docks or widen any road for the project. The traffic programming during the project is shown in figure 2-3-a,b,c.

2.7.2 Conditions of Project Field Characteristics of the project:

(l)Construction will be in low-water season, while the exposed bed of Northem River is wider than usual and usually it is 4000-lOOOm wide, so it is rather good for the project. (2)The docks on both banks are enough. The materials needed during the project can be conveyed by truck to the nearest dock and then shipped to the construction field, thus much land will not be needed temporarily. Task-Group has determined through investigation that the docks needed by the project would include Chetouzhou dock, Baitu dock, Wushi dock, Kengkouzui dock, dock near Jiangkou town, dock near zhouxin town and so on. These docks will be used for transmitted construction materials, mainly stone, and sandstone secondly. The docks above-mentioned are showed in figure 2-3a,b,c. (3) There is enough land on both sides of Northem River to be used as construction field for the storage of large stones temporarily, which are needed by revetment project. The banks, which need much revetment, include the one from Wushi Power plant to Wushinan, the one from Lunzhou (nearby Feilaixia) to Qixinggang, and that from Hululing to Xiaoshinan (nearby Qingyuan Bridge). All temporary construction fields of the above banks are arranged on the banks of the river. (4) Since the river is wide enough, the construction field is scattered, and the constructions are well-arranged and strictly managed, it is assured that there is no influences on normal shipment security and drainage during the construction.

2.7.3 Supply of materials, water and power

( I ) Local supply of construction materials: Construction materials needed by the project, like large scale concrete, stone and sand, should be purchased in the nearest market as a rule, and the sources of the materials are Shaoguan city, Yingde city and Qingyuan city, no more than 5-15Km far from the construction fields. According to the consultation and investigation to local environment department, country-land department and constructors of waterway bureau, all the stones needed for this project are from local stone mines, belonging to local town or village (including Gantang Town and Chishui Town of Shaoguan city, Baishiyao village and Guanyinyan village of Yingde city, Yuantan town of Qingyuan city), and runby private institute legally. There are no villages near the mines. The locations of the stone mines, for the project, are shown in figure2-3a.b,c and table 2-7-1 in detail. Due to the reason that we only need a small quantity of sand for the project (about 2660 cube meters), the sand can be purchased from the local legal provider along the bank of the river.

(2) Water and power supplies to the project: Water for construction can be pumped from Northem River directly; and water after disinfecting and purifying can be used for household.; local power transforming substations can supply power for the project.

20 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 2-7-1 Stone mines for renovation along middle Northern River Name of River Namne of Belongs to Belongs Convey Earthwork Vegetation Digged Shipment bank mines local town to City distance needed kind and dock (kIn) * (IOOOOm) coverage level Mengzhou Gantang GantaniCh Shao- 5-10/1 1 21.8061 Shnibbery, Yes Che'e Tan Dam-Baitu Hih/Chis ishui village guan 2* 60% hui Hill ______I_ _ _ Baki-Whinn Wushi Shijin Shao- 3*/110* 25.4273 Shnibbery, Yes Baitu Shijing village guan 50%

Baisha Dam- Longtou Gaopotan Ymg-de 1*t2-3* 6.9222 Shnibbery, Yes Baishiyao K i Hill village 40% Guwinyan- Dangan Datangwei Ying-de 1.5*/4-5* 9.3497 Shrubbery, Yes Kengkouz ferqu Hill village 600/o ui Feilaixda Darn- Shi Hill Yuantan Qing- 10 15*/5 69.4330 Shnibbery, Yes Jiangkou, n_ina* village yua .*I 70%o Zhouxin Note 65% of the above road are paved with concrete and others with sandstone *Landriage distance shc above and shipment distance shownbelow.

2.7.4 Sediment Disposal The plan for disposal of sediment dredged or excavated during the project is as follows:

(1) Because the main section of the middle reach of North River (Beiiiang) is much wider than design requirements (widest is approximately 1000 m) and because there are extensive shallow areas along both banks. sediment generated by dredeing, both of the channel and during construction of the spurs and grvnes will be disposed in the shallow areas between the spurs. The deposition in these areas will further enhance the river regulation created by the spurs and the channel dredging. No dredeed materials can be disposed on the riverbanks along the waterway.

(2) Sediment generated by dredging/excavation for channel re-aligrnent will also be disposed on the areas between the newly constructed spurs and along the riverbanks. However, it is likely that little, if anv. of such materials will actually be dumped in the water.

(3) Proiect revetments will consist of stonework of 1.5 m height and a total of 20.000 cu m. From site inspections, it has been determined that there will be little, if any. excess dirt created by the excavations.

According to the construction methods used in other projects, any excess dirt produced in the construction is usuallv used to infill wet areas or wasteland. As per proiect desien, the revetment construction will maintain the bank at its original gradient The Project mostly includes clearing, off surface shrubbery/debris, and leveling up rough slopes with earthwork Thus any soils excavated, can be re-used as fill and the volume of waste can be reduced greatly.

The above disposal sites for dredged sediment and excavated soil spoil are mostly in the areas between spurs at distances of spurs-fields 100-200m far from the waterway (as shown in Figures 2-3ab.c and Table 2-7-2.) Environmental Impact Assessment jor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 2-7-2 Schedule of dregs-dumping field proposed River sections Name of Generation Character Dumping Location of Area Length class of water Non- Type of shoal & bank process of Of Volume Sediment occupied rectified water quality Protectio Fishing intake 3 rectified dredges (on sediment (im ) Disposal (m2) (km ) n area area Water land/under Area water)* Section A and Niue and Dredged Sand and coarse 26243 Left bank of 17500 1.1 IV No No Non Section B Nanshe shoal trench/dredged sand and gravel island (Mengzhou-Damn Tongguzhou Dredged Sand and coarse 24137 Left bank of 1600 1.3 IV No No Irrigation trench/dredged sand and eravel island . station Wushinan) Shuaiyi shoal Dredged Sand and coarse 7351 Left bank of 4900 1.1 IV No No Non trench/dredged sand and eravel island Sanbalian - Dredged Sand and coarse 33188 L. & R. spur 22100 1.4 IV No No Non Baituzhan trench/dredged sand and gravel fields I Xiaokengsha - Dredged Sand and coarse 525 L. & R. spurs 300 1.7 III No No Non Huangma trench/dredged sand and gravel field Xiatou Baishanan Reconstruction 0 0 III No No Non spurs I Zhigao SHoal- Dredged Sand and coarse 380993 Right spurs 254000 2.0 III No No Non Shitou Mountain trench/dredged sand and gravel field Jie shoal Dredged Sand and coarse 37294 Right spur 24800 1.5 III No No Non trench/dredged sand and eravel fields Zhupotan Dredged Sand and coarse / / 0 0 III No No Non trench/dredged sand and gravel Futou Mountain Dredged Sand and coarse 5014 Left spur 3300 3.0 III No No Non trench/dredged sand and gravel fields Wushi power Dredged Sand and coarse 60614 Left spur 40400 3.0 III No No water plant - trench/dredged sand and gravel fields intake Wushinan

22 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Continuation of Table2-7-2 Sanbanzhou- Dredged trench/dredged Sand and 59385 Left spur fields 39600 1.4 III No No Irrigation North Baishi kiln pebble station Section C and North Dredged trench/dredged Sand 21891 Left spur fields 14600 1.3 III No No Non Section D Kengkouzui (Baishiyao Damr- Liangshuijing Dredged trench/dredged Sand 48947 Right spur fields 32600 1.3 III No No Irrigation Daluodu) station Fenghuangzhui- Dredged trench/dredged Sand 42512 Left spur fields 28300 1.8 HI No No Irrigation Daluodu station Laowanshan- Dredged trench/dredged Sand 68250 Right spur fields 45500 2.0 II No No Non The third pit Zhuzhankou- Dredged trench/dredged Sand 101382 Right spur fields 67600 5.5 II No No Non

Section E Meikengkou I (Feilaixia DarnE Lunzhou- Dredged trench/ dredged Sand 182572 Left spur fields 121700 4.2 11 Yes No I Irrigation (FeilixiaDam- Qixinggangstio an Xiaoshiling(bearby station and Qingyuan Bridge)) I Qing'uan water ______~~~~~~~~~~~~Factory Hululing- Dredged trench/dredged Sand 12206 Left s spur fields 8100 4.2 II Yes No Non Xiaoshinan

Total of project 1112507 726900 _ Remarks "Dredged trench" shall be carried out in dry shoal(on land) during low water period; "Dredged" means under-water dredging; . According to the comments of constructional corporation, the area of dregs-pumping field shall be calculated based on 1.2 - 1.5 m each pile.

23 .hishui H ill an

hishuHill TShaojianchang° |

Dongnongxindun Huanans an | -l ENxaN oShaoguan Sift Factory

7 W hu w iawu

-\-= engzhouba Dam oZhangwu inmeno \ uhecun Dacuno / Wunija ongguzho /Sixteenth Metallurgy build Co.

sanduo Menzhou Proiect sites 'Section( A)

N - s oShuikou oYangwu\

s ''I / 3ujiang 0 0.85 1.7km Baitu I / Huaniga __. :1 .\! \ ~~~~~Legend

X .\C} City /~ I. River oYoushitian ,- Road

rGuanbotangc W { s- ~High speed Railway oYal _-r,a Bridge Existing Dam

/ , - oXuwu / W~~~~~~~~~,7Dredging site Igdong 3 _ Drinking water ! Baisha cHelin - Irrigation !AIR3 \. | Groin/Revetment/ Pingjiangbo . \ scLutou ! Disposal site Dacuno- \Shangsh p" Quarry \ \\ \ - -

Shangji angc\ -Xiajinshan \ n Dulna | i \', \ , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~oDoulongwan \\ I Lon uLwu Proaect sites (Section B) ctvMengli Shijin Hilr

oWenwu I a ,ShaoguanPowerhouse Power Station

\ s \ hitWushi

oTanghu |a/uelinai \ Fig.2-3a Project sites along the North River(Section A,B) 24 uZhuwei ,'Jiugangban Long t Hill

460CaSiVao Dam Yuandin, ~-- / aasihiyao [ /

-Gaoyotang

4(ngde Tea field Hospital / .\ J cLUshu

Jiangjiazhou " oYi de Rock mine

DangpanHill Proiec sites 0 0.55 1.1km ,Tiger mountain (Secti n C) Yingde Tea fildo

oXintian Proaect sites oHungnux \5 _ ___(Section D) oHuang ,,Huangniuxu~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Legend < /' ''I -. I city engkouzui cEgongtang CRiver

AI5 OWangbu .- Road

Liangshuijin -X,ac High speed - Bridge Liang~~~nshuijin E w '~eOH Existing Dam Liangshuijing unzi'. Dredging site - Drinking water

- Irrigation 1OW Groin/Revetmentl oBaisha Disposal site cGuoshuto p~ _.Quarry Fig.2-3b Project sites along the North River(Section C,D) Legend - n )Xianrenshi Citynd ng N Feilaixia Dam

-.. River 41Maoyeping W oMeizikeng Huar3gdor1ko;LP Road 0 1 2km 0 ,-~ High speed uPUzhuwo Zhangdong - Brailway engkoubijia Forestry centre _Lhu_ ngw Bridge Existing Dam Project sites (S~ection E) uinloBa:hextp B Dredging site (Xiutianluo * Drinking water ,

- Irrigation g9 AXiatou 'oShangdatang oLinkeng Gtt Groin/Revetment/ Disposal site 0Baishikeng / oQing

<.', nr Quarry oHougangxu oXiayatan oPingshan ,/ '---' Houangx0 iTn oQingxin Hengtian Xiaiali OChangpu~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~| ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~oJa/4jjJlato~~~~~~~~uxu o °Changpu ,. oBaimeikeng

Gekleng | o" gkou \ ,/ Lunzh / 0 2 1Lun anluowan Qin \o uat/' oshigudun Dasshaji Baimmiaoo| z ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~auoyuan oTang i cHUdong G

-- Da~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-- i ' i Jmbnusn1 \, s -<- 0 t ;Chan i ill of)asha uin Chan / S ill

Chaosh ° - oYongxirl4iao /

0Zuoshiling | Shifutou oDashakou OLingtanq aJiguan Fig.2-3c Project sites along the North River(Section E) Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project 2.8Engineering Analysis of environmental impact factors

2.8.1 Main types of engineering work A waterway regulation project usually adopts such engineering measures as damming (spurs and groyne ), dredging, thus to reach the standard of inland waterway, aiming to widen the passageway, augment the specifications of waterway, guarantee constant water flow, hence regulate the water flow rate, and control the gradient ratio of the waterway to be less than the accepted value recorded by a self-powered vessel going up the stream, and improve the water flow to prevent traffic blockage from arising in the waterway.

2.8.2 Main construction technologies and measures 2. 8.2.1 Dredging project The dredging project mainly includes Dredging project on riverbed and Shoreline and channel re-alignment on land. (I)Dredging project on riverbed This part include dredging project on riverbed so as to obtain the depth and width standard in the project design. The main working procedure is: digging sediment under water-Clearing-Slit-loading spoil barges( to be disposed in sites or be reused as materials for building) -dredging up waterway. The with 3 practical working procedure is to dig earthwork under water by dredger with 25-8.0m grappling bucket or 80-120m3/h sucker, then to dispose spoil in the spur-fields (area between the two spurs) as mannual alluvium project and to dredge up the navigational channel finally. The most earthwork-comes from downriver to Feilaixia, which is about 103 1,450m3, covering 27.9% of whole earthwork.

(2)Shoreline and channel re-alignment project

There are 5 sites needing Shoreline and channel re-alignment project in the whole waterway. This project cuts the waterway with small curve semi-diameter to meet the demands of standards in the waterway renovation project design. The main working procedure is: digging earthwork -chamfering on land and dredging both sides of the cutting line-flowing the manmade-riverbed. The practical working procedure is: taking advantages of mechanisms such as grab, bulldozer and vehicles as tools and assisted by manpower, chamfering on land, while dredging up on the upward and backward to the cutting-line by dredger, and finally new waterway passes through. The range between Zhigaotan-Shitoushan (Mengzhou-Dam to Hutoushan section), with a 2.0km-long cutting-line and with the most earthwork 247,800m3, (covering 22.3% of whole earthwork,) costs the most, and its spoil is reused to refill Spur-fields. Other projects have comparatively less earthwork.

2. 8.2.2 Spurs/Groins project

There are 226 spurs/groins to be built in the project presentation. The total length is 46.71km and has an earth-rock works of 1324,000 cube meters, including 210 Spurs and 16 Groins and I lockeing up dikc. Construction sites are arranged in low water area usually. The main working procedure includes: dredging trench - mattress paving - sand-cushion and jackstone paving. Because the root of jackstone dam to be renovated is on dry bank, the project can be on land. The dredging trench has small earthwork usually, and is applicable to manpower, just loading the spoil, paving the sand-cushion and jackstone; while in the area of water it is applicable to wadding sinking, jack-pillow and jackstone. The last step is to repair the surface of slope structure construction by manpower.

2. 8.2.3 Bank Revetment project

On the basis of site investigations, most banks along the whole sea-route have been revetted, and the banks with no revetment mainly include Wushi Power Plant- Wushinan, Lunzhou-Qixinggang, Hululing-Xiaoshinan (Feilaixia-Qiangyuan Bridge section), which is 15km long on both sides with

27 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project earthwork of 30k cube meters. The main working procedure of bank revetment is: repairing shoreline- jackstone - stonework - hardening the surface of revetment - forestation. Practically it is e.iirth,urk.-digging first, then slope repairing, followed by filter bed paving, and finally stonework on the surface of revetment. The bank revetment will maintain the bank with original gradient, and slope project includes mainly clearing surface shrubbery and leveling up rough slopes with earthwork, so the waste earthwork can be refilled and spoil can be reduced greatly. The project is mainly done in low water or dry beach, seldom in water. According to the ;haille of the slope, the project can be finished by manpower or mechanism.

2.8.3 Process of environmental impact identification and selection 2.8.3.1 Analysis of influencing factors during waterway regulation process

(I) During waterway regulation working process, '.1t-n 'i:: may be caused to suspend, influencing the water quality and the ecological environment in the water area of the construction site; dredging and structures may occupy certain water area, damage the habitat of benthos and will influence the habitat of aquatic life and fish, but the impacts on the species, community and quantity of organisms will be little. The ecological environment in the water area within the construction site will be restored to its normal state on the completion of waterway regulation. (2) Such construction transporter as the stone-dumper ships, transport ships etc. Will produce oil-contained wastewater, life-sewage, solid waste and other wastes, influencing the water environment in some degree. (3) As the waterway regulation work is launched in a comprehensive range, the traveling of those construction transporters will influence the normal traffic of vessels, and maybe constitute hidden dangers or even accidents. (4) Construction work noises will influence the acoustical environment along the banks (5) Backfilling work will influence the ecological environment on the land areas on the banks.

2.8.3.2 Environment influenc analysis on dredging work (1) Operating dredge boats will stir riverbed mud up to suspend, influencing the water environment and the habitat of benthos. (2) Rising the buckets to put mud into a towboat may cause splash or leak of some mud, thus to influence the underwater environment. (3) Leakage or spillage of sediment may arise during transporting work, thus to bring suspended substances into the water. (4) Dredge boats and muck barges may produce vessel wastes.

2.8.3.3 Environment influencing analysis on construction site (l)The temporary prefabrication site of the construction occupies certain land area, thus harming the local ecological environment to a small degree. (2) Transportation and storage operations of sands and stone materials may lead to the occurrence of dust. (3) Concrete mixers, cranes and other construction machines as well as transporting vehicles would make noise. (4) Construction personnel will produce life-sewage and garbage during their working process. To sum up, the influencing factors on the environment in the construction process of this project are illustrated in i-iLIrue 2--4.

28 Environmental Im*act Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Slirry and other On-site Suspended construction substances and renovation st produced by loading and of spurs oading, storage operations noises

Secondary dust Transport and storage of 4--- steel concrete structures Vessel wastes emission on and sand/stone materials

Wastes discharged by _ Such wastes as transport ships obsolete knitted bags

Vessel accidents_ l Formation of suspended Dredge boat f n substances fo Release of pollutants

Leakage or

I > r I ~~~~~~~spillageof + f ffSpoil barge | *slurry l l l ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Influenceon water quality, 1 ~~~~~~~andhabitat of aquatic life

, | ~~~~~~Backfilling onto land area Mud discharging zone lll

|Suspended subtne

| | ~~~~~Releaseof heavy meta pollutantsl

Figure 2-4 Illustration -for analysis of influencing factors on the environment

29 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor Nor:h-River(Shaoguan-Qingyman) Waterway Regulation Project 2.8.4 Identification of elements of assessment on the construction period

Table 2-8-1 Matrix screening of influencing factors on the environment

Project Influencing Environment elements Schedule Factors on The Project Social Aquatic Aquatic Land Air Acoustic historical economy environment organism organism environment relics Construction spurs and . * * Period revetmnent =

Dredging * * * Dumping . * A*A Backfilling in A A 0 thedike field Vessel aiccidents * * quay and A * 0 transpor Construction of A A * rear base Notes: Negative influence: major: * medium: * minor: A

Table 2-8-2: A Shortlist of Selected Elements of Assessment on the Construction Period Environment Factors of Pollutant factors Factors assessment Aquatic nvironment SS, COD, petroleum products SS Air environment Dust TSP Acoustical Machinery noises on the construction site Machinery noise Environrnent Objects to be Heavy metal caused pollution Heavy metal Dredged up

- viei: i.:i.!ii. ., I ii. .; ' ; i .,;':,,1

30 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

3. Description of the Existing Environment

3.lEcological environment 3.1.1Aquatic Ecosystem 3.1.1.1 Methods of the Field Survey

(1) Gathered Historical Data

Hydrobios Institute of Jinan University has been operating a routine survey on aquatic organisms in Feilaixia Reservoir Area from 2000 to 2001 year, at time point of annual low water period in December and high water period in July. The area is 30km long, located at middle reaches (Feilaixia Dam-Lianjiang River) of Beijiang River. For survey station, please see map 3-1-lb (AlA3), 3 stations locate at Feilaixia Reservoir Area, station (Al ) , Shengping Town - Hengshi Station (A2) Damiao Gorge --Llianjiangkou Estuary (A3), respectively.

(2) Monitering Sites, Monitering Time, Monitering work-Team of Complementary Investigation

Emphases of this session's complementary investigation have been placed on Qingyuan Bridge--Feilaixia Dam and lianiiang River - Mengzhou Dam.Time for survey was in May 2002. Monitoring sections located at Mengzhou Dam section (B I) in Shaoguan City, Baisha Town (B2), Chetouzhou (B3) , Liangshuijing (nearby Daluodu) (B4) in Yingde City, Zhouxin Town (B5) in Qingyuan City and Baihexun (B6) . The location of 6 survey-purpose sections is showed in map 33- 1- I a,b (marked with B I-1B6) . Items included in survey were phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthonic fauna, as well as fish resources and their ecosystem, which had undergone on-spot counseling and investigation. To meet requirements raised by experts from the World Bank, surveys were principally taken by a team made up of fishery expert, Professor Chen Xianglin with South China Normal University, an aquatic biologist, Professor Hang Boping with Jinan University, and a plant category expert, Professor Chen Zhanghe with South China Normal University. they have not only participated the investigation but also made a series of analysis for this project for a long time.

(3) Methods of Complementary Investigation a). For the phytoplankton, the qualitative sample is taken with the No.25 net of the flaktan, and then is concentrated in one litre water to have the qualitative analysis. b). For the zooplankton. one litre of sample water is taken, after sedimentation and concentration and then ImI is taken from the sample to have the quantitative analysis, the quantity is based on the average quantity in Iml. which is amount to 3-4 pieces, and then the qualitative analysis is made. The qualitative analysis of them is the same as that of the phvtoplankton. c). For the benthonic fauna, three samples are taken from each section of the Peterson heavy-adding sampling implement. After filtration by the copper sift with the grit size of 40, the qualitative analysis can be made on these samples with the normal method.

3.1.1.2 Results of Investigation (1 ) Phytoplanlkon a) Leategories.

Survey during years 2000-2001 indicated that there were totally 29 species of phytoplankto,n in the river. The survey was based on sampling at 3 station sites (Al-A3), located in the middle reaches, Feilaixia Dam area. Among them, the most frequently found families were Chlor (9 species) and Bacil (9 species), accounting for 31.0% of all kinds respectively. And the less frequently found ones were Cyano (5 species ) accounting for 17.2%. Least ones were Pyrrophycophyta (2 species) and Euglena (2

31 W4+E - : 1 S .

0 2.5 5km . 25 Shaoauan {BeiJian B.

Menzhouba

A/RI*U,Baiwang -I9> B

Longgut.,~~~~~~~~~~~~SetonA ... - - s~Protect sites

< tuv-Baitu< B'

SL3 A11R3* Quiiang BM Bais

Prolect sites (Sectlon Bl _

~-_ Vgushi 7AMushinan ZhangshF)

Legend |/'tUt / ( Dakengkou Bridge | - Dam X River

Dredging site - . * Groin/Revetment . Field Survey Monitoring Site >-( Water quality | B. * Aquatic living organism Shakou B. * Air Yinqde %$hakou * Noise . o Vegetation ^ Sediment Land soil Fish-Survey-Point

Hengshitang .

Baishivao

| Protect sites Kengkouzui)>%r (Section Ci Kengkouzui^., W t AJitt, Protect sites N * ingshuiinN-Yanff I slcion

Guanyingyanr- 4 r B(aisha

Fig 3-1 -Ia Enviromental quality field survey monitored sites(Shaoauan-Yinade) IW..+.E 121 0 2.5 5km yingdd YindebeljiangE 135 Y-inderenmin B.

NorthI1

( Yinde Yni 4Banjiankou B ianjiangkou

"1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~00

Lixi i Alr Lixi B.

Guapotan

A2A

Qingxin- Shenping3), Focanc I

Gaotianr e3 -Feilaixia

-- ~~~~~~~~~Legend 0 Proiect sites - - - - ssA __. Bridge____ -(Section ElSL5~~ - - - Dam \ River

New Oingyuanbeijiang B. - - De ig t ,, , .E ~~~~~~~~Dredging site | -Y'no'i' OingyuanbeijiangB QB.n uanJiangkou- Groin/Revetment

* .;-I } Field Survey Monitoring Site

:.;Qlngyuan 6;:-' . >e Water quality 1 4 5 .F * 2 r . . ---. * Aquatic living organism -inbi.u ~ * Air AIRS*uON... an * Noise Zhouxin o Vegetation (Y-uantang - Sedimentl soil ! Land soil Fish-Survey-Point Fig 3-1-1b Enviromental field survey monitored sites(Yingde-Qingyuan) 33 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project species ) accounting for 6.9% respectively, Chrysophycophyla (I specie) and Cryptophycophyta (I species) accounting for 3.4% respectively. For this session's investigation result, 63 families (genus) were found at six sampling spots (B l-B6). 63 families (genus) belonging to phytoplankton were found including 13 kinds of Cyanophyta, 27 kinds of Chlorophyta, 19 kinds of Bacillariophyta, I kind of Pyrrophycophyta, I kind of Euglenophycophyta, I kind of xanthophyta, and I kind of Chrysophycophyta. Cell density of phytoplankton was 7.5-52.2* 104cells/L.

Principally, Bacillariophytawere the dominant species at the six sampling spots (BI-B6) with a cell density of 4.05-44.3*lO4cells/L. The density of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were 1.05-12.35*10 4celLsfL and 0.6-2.77*10 4cells/L respectively. Cell density of phytoplankton at Chetouzhou (B2) , Baisha Town (B3), Liangshuijing (B4), Zhouxin Town (B6) were far lower than that of the phytoplankton at Mengzhou Dam Reservoir (B 1)and Baihexun (B5). At the same time, cell density of Cyanophyta at B I (accounting for 25.6% of total cell count) and B5 (accounting for 13.7% of total cell count) were also higher than thatof Cynophytafoundat other spots. On the contrary, species and MGL-INDEX of phytoplankton at reaches of B I and B5 were far less than that of ones at Baisha Town, Chetouzhou, Liangshuijing and Zhouxin Town located at the main sueam of Beijiang River. Basically, phytoplankton at all sampling spots of Beijiang River belongs to Bacillariophyta Cryptophyza and Cyanophyta. b) Distribution of species with seasonal changes.

Data from survey during years 2000-2001 indicated that Euglenphytao and Chlorophyta were rare ones and others could be found at all reaches of Beijing. Bacillariophycophyta mainly falls into Melosira granulata, Cyclotella meneghiniana and FragilariaLyngby, Chlorophyta mainly falls into Staurastrwn gracile, Chlamydomonas sp. and Scenedesmus quadricauda (dominant ones), and Cyanophyta commonly falls into Phormidium sp. and Gloeocapsasp. meanwhile, result of this session's survey indicated that Bacillariophyta mainly comprise Melosira granulata and Navicula sp., Chlorophyta are mainly composed of Staurastrum gracile, Chiamydomonas sp. and Scenedesmus quadricauda, Phormidium sp. and Gloeocapsa sp. are commonly found in Cyanophyta.

Data from survey during years 2000-2001 indicated that the distribution frequency of phycophyta differs in different seasons, according to a review of species appeared in lower and high water period. For example, Cyanophyla and Bacillariophycophyta can be frequently found in both lower or high water period, so, they are perennial ones. While most kinds of Chlorophyta appear in high water period, and some kinds of Chrysophyta and Pyrrophycophyta only appear in lower water period. Phycophyta of other families (genus) rarely appear. This can be evidenced by this session's result. c) Seasonal changes in quantity.

The most striking hallmark of phycophyta in quantity is their perennial stability,their quality is very stable at a low level without obvious fluctuation. Maximum of quantity appears at Feilaixia Gorge Dam (A3) valuing 0.56X 106 cells/L during high water period. Within the rest of the year, the quantity of phycophyta changes little valuing 0.39 X 106 cells/L in average. Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta are the 3 predominant phycophyta, concentration degrees of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta are far higher in high water period than in lowwater period due to their thermophilic nature, while Bacillariophycophyta and Pyrrophycophyta can tolerate a relatively low water temperature.

(2) Zooplankton a) Categories and distribution.

The survey during years 2000 - 2001 indicated that there were totally 51 categories of zooplankton in the 3 spots of Feilaixia Reservoir Area. Among them, protozoa presents 5 species falling into 4 genera, Rotatoria accounts for 31 species falling into 18 genera, mainly made up of Keratella cochlearis, Keratella valga, Ascomorpha ecaudis and

34 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project Potwyrthra trigla Most of the zooplaw*tons are those of extensively distributed planktons. Categories and quantity, as well as Shannon-Weiner Index ofzooplan4ion vary much among the spots. Shengping Hengshi Spot (A2) harbors is poor, while other spots like Al and A3 harbor are richer in the quantity and categories of them. Cladoceraaccounts for 10 species of 7 genera. Those ones frequently found in all spots, extensively distributed, and with very good adaptability,are Diaphanosomabrachyurwn, Bosmina longiustrn,andsome Ceriodaphniacomuwa, which usually live in clear water. Copepoda occupies 7 species falling into 6 genera, mainly Cyclopoida and diaptomus. Most of them are extensively distributed categories, such as Mesocjcops leuckari, Thermoc)clops taihokuensis and Phyllodiaptomus tunguidus, etc. &hmackeria inopinus can only be found during high water period.

b) Changes in quantity.

The survey during years 2000-2001 showed that during high water period, the density of zooplakton at Damiaoxia (A3), Shengping - Hengshi (A2)and the Dam (A I)were 27.95ind/L, 4.1 5ind/L and 363ind/L respectively, while during lower water period, their density werelO.25ind/L, 13.75ind/L, and 11.75ind/L respectively. Quantities of different species of Zoopkznkton taper as Rotatoria, nauplius, Cladocera, Copepoda juvenile, Copepoda adult, andprotozan. Protozon is the least and only appears at Damiaoxia (A3) either in high or lowwater period. Quantity of Rotatoria becomes higher during high water period, and has a greater fluctuation among the spots during high water period than during the low water period. Distribution of Copepoda grub is similar with that of RotatoriaAs for Cladocera, during high water period, their quantity in the Dam (B I) spot is much higher than that in other spots, but during low water period quantity at the Dam (B 1)decreases to zero. The quantity of Copepoda adult during low water period is much larger than that in high water period, and quantities among the spots fluctuate with a large range. Cell concentration in 6 surveyed spots (B3-B6) in this session is 1.96-21.8 ind/L, and the concentrations of Rotatoria, Cladocera, and Copepoda are 0.42-7.76 ind/L, 0.22-6.64 ind/L and 0.70-7.36 ind/L respectively. Viewed from the diversity index of Rotatoria, Feilaixia Reservoir's (Al )RotatoriaShannon-WeinerIndex was lower than that in the other 5 spots., Among the 6 spots, RotatoriaShannon-Weiner Index of upper reaches is higher than that of lower reaches, while category distribution of Cladoceraand Copepoda differslittle. Categories and quantities of them were also little. Bosmina longirostrisand Diaphanosomabrach,auwn were the dominant ones in Cladocera As for Copepoda, Heliodiaptomusfaixusand Tropocyclopsjerseyensiawere the dominant ones in Zhouxin (B6), while Phyllodiaptomus tunguidus and Mesocyclops leuckarti are the dominant ones in other spots.

In general, velocity of flow in Beijiang River is relatively fast and Cell density of zooplankton is low. Copepoda is the dominant group in biomass, cell concentration in the lower reaches is relatively higher than that in the upper reaches, and cell concentration in Zhouxin - Qixinggang (B6 )is much higher than that of in other 5 spots.

(3) Bottom Fauna a) Categories.

Bottom fauna falls into 85 categories in Beijiang River. Annelida falls into 13 species of 10 genera in 9 farmilies, Mollusca falls into 29 species of 21 genera in 10 families, Crustacea Nlls into 2 species of 2 genera in 2 families, Insecta falls into 41 species of 39 genera in 27 families, as seen in Table 3-1-1. Dominant ones are Fridericiabulbosa, Lipangopaludina chinensis, cjpougapoludinacathayensis, Bellamya quadrata,, Rivularaauriecata Semisvlcospjra baccata, Semisvlcospira mandadia, Limnopema lacastris, Corbiculaflwnineaand so on.. Ipangopaludinachinensis, Semisvlcospjra baccata, Corbiculafluninea, Semisvlcospira mandarina are the most extensively distributed and with the largest quantities. The species of aquatic insects stand at the No. I position accounting for 53.09% of total species, Mollusca accounts for 27.630/o, Oligochaeta accounts for 14.470, shrimp of Crustaceaaccounts for 2.6%, and Platyhelminthes accounts for 1.32%.

35 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project Table 1-1 Category Makeup of Bottom Fauna Reaches Quantity In Detail (Genera) Annelida | Mollusca | Aquatic Insects | Crustacea Beijing River 72 10 21 39 2

b)Individual number and biomass The largest annual average biomass is at the upper reaches of Beijiang River near Shaoguan, amounting to 672.9g/m2-864.25g/m2 , while the least biomassis only 0.91 g/m2. Individual number ranges at 3ind/m2'6.478ind/m 2 . Rhythm of seasonal changes also assembles the change of biomass. The biomass in low water period is higher than that in high water period. The average output of bottom fauna in recent two years in the main stream of Beijiang River is 1429ind/m2 , and biomass is 288.726gjm2 . Percentages of biomass among the total amount of bottom fauna are as following: Annelida accounts for 0.29%, Mollusca accounts for 98.78%, and Aquatic Insect account for 0.93%. c) Results of Complementary Survey.

Results of complementary survey at 6 spots (1Bl-B6) of this session, indicated that survived bottom fauna are scarce due to the cobble -sand bottom of the middle reaches of Beijiang River, letting alone many years' withdrawal of sand and stone from the river bed. Survived bottom fauna are mainly Mollusca (9 kinds), Oligochaeta (I kind) and Insect grub (4 kinds only), The density of bottom fauna in the middle reaches is 3.75-15.5ind/dm2 and biomass is 0.525-5.215gdm 2. Liangshuijing (B4) and Zhouxin-Qixinggang (B6) have relatively higher biomass of bottom fauna. Corbicula fluminea of Mollusca is the dominant species in all spots.

(4) Aquatic Vascular Plant a) Category.

Aquatic vascular plant in Beijiang River falls into 12 species of 8 genem in 6 families. The reaches with the densest aquatic vascular plant (9 species) is near Shaoguan , and the thinnest is at the lower reaches totaling 5 species. Percentages of certain species among total biomass (calculated by wet weight) are: Hydflla varticillata(Lf.) Royl, the dorninant one, accounts for 38.5%, Vallisneria spiralisL. accounts for 37.4%/O, and Najas marinaL. accounts for 9.72%. The most extensively distributed are Vallisneriaspiralis L., Hydfllla varticillata(Lf)Royl and Polamogelon malainus Afiq. See Table 3-1-2. b) Main species distribution

Along banks of Beijiang River, except for those torrential areas, 5-6 meters wide belt of aquatic vascular plant can be found and Hydfllla varticillata(Lf) Royl, Vallisneriaspiralis L. andPotamogeton malainus Miq. are the dominant ones. Table 3-1-2 Category of Aquatic Vascular Plant Species Name Comparison in Quantity Vallisneriaspiralis L. Hydfllla varticillata(Lf) Royl) Potamogeton malainus Miq. P.pectinatusL. + p.crispus L. ++ Najas marina L. + N. minor All + Myriophyllum spicatum L. + M. verticill atum + Ceratophyllum oryzetorum Kom. + Ruppia rostellataKoch + Sagittariasagittifolia L. + Total 12 Note: Jt: moderate; ++: much; +++: dominant.

36 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project 3.1.1.3 Rare and important species, and critical habitats According to the analysis based the above-mentioned surveys, all the phytoplankton, zDoplankton and aquatic vascular plants in the North River belong to the usual catagories. There are no rare and important species, and critical habitats. 3.1.2 Fishes 3.1.2.lMethods of survey The survey on the fish species are mainly conducted with the following methods: 1) Collecting of historical infonmation;.2)Field survey by the fishery expert, Professor Chen Xianglin with South China Normal University and the investigation team; 3)Consultation to the local fisherfolk and fishery experts from the fish-managing authorities. The survey was contducted in May of 2002, and lasts one month. The investigation spots are the Qujiang reach, Qingyuan reach and Yingde reach located in the mniddle section of the North River. Showed Fig.3-1-1(page 36-37) 3.1.2.2 The Result of theSurvey For the result of this survey, please refer to Table 3-1-3 (All the fish names were checked on www.fishbase.om). The results indicated that fish found in this survey belong to 44 kinds in total. Among them, the investigation team has captured fishes of 16 species. Expect one rare speies named Angullia, the rest 15 species are the common economy fishes. 3.1.2.3 The Analysis of the Survey

A) Habits and characteristics of fish in Beijiang-River

The features of natural environment greatly affect the distribution of fish settling down in Beijiang River. Those fish living in the upper reaches of Beijiang mostly are fishes accustomed to torrent and bottom life, or rocky caves. While in the middle and lower reaches fishes accustomed to middle or upper layer of water above the riverbed are frequently found. Fishes living in Beijiang River have basically reflected the general picture of Pearl River water system, but fishes in Beijiang River differs in some certain degree from fishes in the other rivers of Pearl River water system, and differs considerably from fishes living in PearlRiver delta. Compared with fishes in the neighboring areas, fishes in Beijiang River adopt the most similarity to fishes living in Guangxi, which is a place to the west of Beijiang but have the same latitude with Beijiang, and adopt the superior similarity to fishes living in Hunan, which is a place to the northwest of Beijiang. Similarities between fishes in Beijiang and Hainan Island lie in the level of genera, and they differ considerably from each other at level of species. B) The reducing of output of fish in the North River

Some fishery information shows that the output of fish in the North River is reducing year by year. The following two reasons caused the gradual reduction of the output of fish. The first is the uncontrolled fishing in the river along the years. During the past years, many local residents make a living mainly by fishing, so they have directly caused the reduction of the fishes. The second is the ignorance of the fishes' living environment from 1960s tol980s. From 1960s to 1980s, China is still at the stage of production development. In order to develop the power industry, so as to improve the industrial and agricultural conditions and people's living standard, dams were constructed along the river, so they interdicted the passing of fishes and caused the reduction of the output of fish.

3.1.2.4 Rare and important species, and critical habitats

It is indicated that the rare and important species in the middle reaches and the nearb branches are mainly composed of Macrura reeveii, Angullia and Siniperca kneri. Belonging to the anadromous catagories, most of them habitate at the estuary of the North River, and only a few of them come to live in the Qingyuan reach. Macrura reevei spawns from February to May and Siniperca kner spawns from April to June. During the spawning season, when the water temperature is above 19 degrees centigarde, the fishes begin to spawn at the river conner, and usually at night. According to the historical record. the spawning spots of species mentioned above are sparsely

37 Environmental fmpact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project distributed all over the North River system. The four common economy fishes mainlv lives in the slowly-flowing branch rivers and come to flowing water of the main river to spawn and reproduce.

No fish-passing establishment was designed during the construction of the Feilaixia Dam, so the passing way of fishes was obstructed and it brings some influence to the reproduction of the fishes. Therefore, three no-fishing areas along the North River have been established by Qingyuan Municipal Government to preserve and proliferate the species according to the habitats of the fishes in the North River concerning their food-capturing, spawning and so on. The location of them are: the water reach between the new and old Qingyuan North River Highway Bridge, Feilaixia Reservoir and the 2km water reaches near the Baishiyao Dam. (The location and explanation of them are cleared illustrated in Fig 3-1-2 and tabel 3-1-4.) Any fishing activity is forbidden in the above-mentioned areas. Moreover, some compensation is charged from the constructed power stations according to their output of the electricity. This charge is used to buy and grow fries so as to ensure the sustainable development of the fishes in the North River. This is an important move to protect the fish species in the North River.

The last information shows that there is no construction spot in these three no-fishing areas. Among the three no-fishing areas. two areas are in upriver about Ikm of proiect areas (includine No-fishing of Baishiiiao Power Station and No-fishing of Feilaixia): another is in downriver about lkm of proiect areas (only No-fishing of Oingvuan Bridgzes), so the no-fishing areas will not be directly impacted by the proiect.

Table 3-1-3 Distribution of no-fishing areas in the main stream of Beijiang River Region Name Explain of particular location Explain of particular location with project Qingyuan No- fishinz zone of Area from 1000 m of upstream Upriver about lkm of city Baishiiiao Power Baishiyao-Dam to 1000 m of downstream Proicet section C Station of Baishiyao-Dam in Beiiiang No-fishing zone of Beijiang water area from converge place of Upriver about 1km of Feilaixia Dam Shegang protection dyke and Yinying Proicet section D proiect highway to Feilaixia Hydrometric Station (including discharging channel), (about 2km water area) No- fishing zone Beijiang water area from 50 m of upper Downriver about Ikm of between two reaches of Beijiang Bridge to 50 m of Proicet section D Oingyuan Bridges lower reaches of Xin Beijiang Bridge. (about 2km water area )

38 N S / HuoiIiuHuoshan W BEe nshnsao Fe Hext.-e 0 5 10km , ggyaozhuzizhixi eyuan rHrgongu/ Xilian D tang

< iL e n a n . eg,gul[t g t_ =\~an

\gnn Lnggu enngtianh a __ ,fngtanIa aoyang~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~QU~i8II ~BaituLh BA

BaishA .. Jiangwan a Shaxi

Gumushui PWoichis ______- .Dabu fSeclon Zhangshi D1akengkuo , Xa^liao - Tielong ,

Boluo hzuo ;gkeng habuo

Shigutang e .I EXawart ~~~~~~~~~HengshitangYnig_ rfsk rl

*'Hu____e__ti_ n on .Huangbo M~hangbo ~~~~; ( . D~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iazhen,~

_gfu uB - QiaotouC Jiangwan lingjing Y - i

i?Hegongkengkuo z-,an Jiulong t Qiaoxia Huanggang 'I

Shabei Shuibian Baisha

-Dadong ianjiangkuo Gaogang Yanting Xinzhou /

Jingtuo Lixi Heyun

Yuba g; .Longnan .-

Shangken phunemifatte1 Shenpini 7hukeng = .otiinI !- aotian . pilaixia r " Nishin Are a... Minan Huanghua

/ '1.--X i' / i -QinGxin /plangkuo t~~~~~~~ongshan3Tangtang Lgn -~ngxin gkux' Qi ny Jiangkouxun .Gaoqiao \ Road Raiway Huilan '~Dam ,0 ixinga: i-Vuantang A No-fishing Area Fig 3-1-2 No-fishing areas in the North River 39 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Table3-1-3a Statistics results of investigating about Beijiang-River Fish (All the fish names were checked on www.fishbase.org). Locaction Upide Midle.tion Downziu Enm. ic Migdrg Investigated Catched of ofYhgde of fish fish This

Fish Qn _M9 time Clupeiformes Clupeidae Macrura reevesi + + J J Anguilliformes + + ++ J Anguillidae Anguilla J J 4 Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Mylopharyngodon + ++ ++ J 4 J piceus . Clenopharyngodon + ++ ++ J / J idellus

Zacco platypus ++++ + + _ 4 Opsariichthys bidens ++++ + + 4 Squaliobarbus ++++ ++++ ++++ J 4 4 curriculus Erythroculter ++ +++ ++++ hypselonotus E.ilishaeformis ++ + 4 4 Megalobrama + +++ .+++. 4 terminalis Parabramispekinensis ++ ++ +++ Hemiculter leucisculus ++++ ++++ ++++ 4 J Xenocypris davidi ++++ ++++ ++++ Barbodes caldwelli +++ ... +. Varicorhinus gerlachi +++ ++++ 4+4 Cirrhinusmolitorella +++ ++++ 4... Semilabeo notabilis + ... +++ J

Garraorientalis ++ + +++ 4 J Hemnibarbus maculates ++++ ++++... Hemibarbus labeo .. +++ ++++ 4 4

Sarcocheilichthy 4--I+ i4I+ 4-II+ I

S.nigripinnis I-FI I ++-+ .- 4-

40 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Table3-1-3b Statistics results of investigating about Beijiang-River Fish Locaction Upiver Midle.ion Dowier Economic Mgairig Investigated Catched of of Ymgde of fish fish This Fish \ ijjg Qkngy time Gnathopogon ++++ ....++++ argentatus Pseudogobio vaillanti ++ ++++ Pseudorasboraparva I I 44+ Abbotlina rivularis ++ ++ 4II

Cyprinus carpio .. ++-s- 4 4 Carassioides 4+ ++ cantonensis

Carassiusauratus __. I.I.+++ Aristichtys nobilis + ++ ++ J Hypophthalmichthys + + + 4 J molitrix Cobitidae Misgurnus +++ +++ . .. anguillicaudatus Siluriformgs Clariidae Clariasfuscus +++ 4 4 4 Siluridae Silurus asotus 44++ +++ Bagridae Mystusgultatus +++ +++ 4 4 Pseudobagrus ...... 4.. fulvidraco P. intermedius +++ ...... P. vachelli +++ +++ +++ Percifonnes Serranidae Siniperca kneri +++ ++++ ++++ 4 Channidae Channa mnaculatas . +++ +++ C.gachua +++ +++ +++

Casiatica ++ ++ +++ 4 4

Mastacemnbelidae Mastacembelus ++ ++ ++ aculentus Note + mm, ++ ifiequence, -4vvide distribution,++++dominant

41 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

34.1.3 Land Biological Environment To meet the requirements of on-spot survey requested by experts from the World Bank, experts and professors CHENZHANG HE from Biology Dept. of South China Normal University are in charge of the survey work. Time for survey was in May 2002, and it lasts forlmonth. 34.1.3.1 Methods of the Field Survey a) Gatheiing, lIformnation lo identikX possible rare species fromii existing reonms and refereice boxloks. iiicluding "Plain ol GUang_dong, and "LIA in thle C'onsolidation Por-ieci of Beijian_-Riverank-(0Q 1). b) To cheok if thlev really exist bv simplin, sjrvevs: Choosing typical botanical colonies in unit as survey sample. The layout of sample units should be representative and can basically reflect the current features of botanical colony in the evaluated area Sample units for survey (fiom North to South) are distributed between Mengzhouba Dam in Shaoguan City and Beijiang Bridge in Qingyuan along the banks and quarny (in attempt), which will supply building stone for this engineering. C)Number and size of sample units: sample units should be decided by the distribution feature of the botanical colony in the major unit, dominant species of the banks should be included. About 6 vegetation sample units had been set (I1-16) . The size of the sample units depends on the feature of botanical colony. The location of 6 survey-pwrpose sample units are showed in map 3-1-la, b.ln general, for bamboo land, it is required to be no less than 10 10m2, and for arable land, bush-herb botanical colonies are required to be no less than 5 X 5m2. d) Survey items: species and their quantities, biomass, vegetation rate, etc. td) Method for analyzing: The vegetation actuality is visually illustrated with charts and tables, based on data from the above survey, and comprehensive analysis and discussion are performed on the status quo of terrestrial ecosystem with involved biological indexes. Including: The Biomass The biomass will be computed employing the recommended methods in the book "Analysis and assessment of the ecological environmental quality in the Hainan Province" as follows. Formula for computing the tree biomass: Bmf= 0.00003396D2H where Bmfis the tree biomass; D is the diameter of the tree at the point I .3m above the earth (m); His the height of the tree (m). Using reaping method to compute the biomass of the bush and herbaceous layer. Shannon-Wener Index Formula for computing the biological diversity index (Shannon-Wiener Index):

SW=3.3219 (IgN-*En; lgn,)

I-lere SWis the biological diversity index (Shannon-Wiener Index); Nis the total number in the sampling site; n, is the individual number of a species; S is the number of species; 34.1.3.2 Results of Survey Results from investigation on types of vegetation in areas of rectification reaches of Beijiang River indicate that terrain and surface feature of middle reach of Beijiang River plays a key role in detemiining types and distribution of vegetation along the river. Types of vegetation along the river are: terrain second growth, bushes - beach bamboo grove, bush- herbosa - bottom land forest - alluvial-plain artificial agricultural crops. See status quo of vegetation in the Annex: Name of Plants (in ANYAIEXR), Color photos 1-6 (in page 50) and Fig.' 3-1-3a-d (in page 51-54). Preliminary prospecting and observation of all-line reaches have been conducted in this session. Observed parameters include tenrain and surface feature of banks, types of vegetation, major species of plants and human interference. 42 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project Quadrat investigation has been conducted at areas representing a variety of vegetation types. Considering discrepancy of distribution of vegetationand combining faatures of this engineering, emphases of investigation were placed on vegetation coverage along rectification reaches and quany (in attempt), which will supply building stone for this engineenng. (1) Status of Vegetation Cover along Riverbank Vegetation along banks are mainly bamboo grove, bush-herbosa and farm-land vegetation. Some segments can also see plantation formed by eucalyptus and Chinese red pine. At banks and alluvial land, wet demanding grass predominantly covers the land. Following is the details. I)Bamboo G1ye. Bamboo grove dominates land along the river and lay out along the river with a belt shape of 30-50m wide (see color photol-4). Height, density and coverage degree are in discrepancy due to different soil conditions. They are generally lOl5m in height, and a few are 3-Sm tall. Bamboo grove at favorable soil conditions can reach a height of 20m. In areas undergone investigation, bamboo grove at banks of Baisha Town of Beijiang is the most flourishes, and their height can reach 20m and diameter of stem can reach lOcm, whose bank locates in low and flat land with high groundwater level. Organization of bamboo groves are very simple, usually only an arbor layer formed by bamboo can be seen lacking bush layer, herbosa is scarce or null. Species of bamboo is also simple, mostly are Bambusa bmrevfolia, rarely Den&wcalamus affinis. Some other arbor plants are rare in the bamboo grove, they are Ficrts hispida,, Broussonetiapapyifera,, Melia azedarach, Ficusfistudosa, Bischoffiajavanica, Cleistocalyx opeIzas, Celtis sinensis, Sapiwn sebiferwn, Litsea monpeta, J4bwnwm odoratisimuwn, and Cinnamomwn parthenoxylon. Commonly found bushes are: VJtex negundo, Boehmeria nivea, Triwnfeua bartramia, Lantana camara,and Elaeagmnspungens, etc Herbaceous plants at bottom of the grove are Panicwn psilopodiun, Alocasia rhizome, Piper sarmentosum, Salmoan torvwn, Apluda mutica, Ageratwn conyzoides, Alternantheraphiloxeroides, Polygonwn chinense, Stephania longa and Xanthiwn sibiricwn. For major species of quadrat, see Table 3-1-5 - Table3-1-7,

Table 3-1-5 Bamboo Grove Quadrat Record (I1-1) Site: Chetouzhou of Shaoguan City. Quadrat area for arbor layer: 200 m2. Quadrat area for bush layer: 25 m2, Quadrat area for herbaceous plants layer Im2. Height of bamboo grove: 6-lOm, coverage rate: 600/o. Bush layer is thin with a coverage rate of about 10%/o. Herbaceous plant layer's coverage rate is 20-50%. Bamboo cutting can be freiuently seen. Code Species Name Stem Height DBI-I(cm) Coverage Merbo Number (m) Degree(%) I 7J(1j Bambusa brevifolia 350 6-10 3.0 (8clusters) in average 2 :I* Melia azedarach 4 16 19.1 in average 3 fl~$q Broussonetiapapyrifera 2 12 12.7 in average I i* Cinnamomum parthenoxylon 1 1.2 Arbor ______~~~~~~~~~~~~~~seedling 2 pJ Vitex negundo ++ 1-1.5 3 fAM Broussonetiapapyrifera 1 1.2 Arbor . ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ______seedline 4 iPLrJA Symplocos chinensis 1 0.8 5 9g« Mallotus philippinensis 1 1.3 Arbor seedlina 6 JJfi:f Elaeagnuspungens 1.1 e I -if3tMW Panicum psilopodium ... 5-1 Ocm 20-50 2 krAf Polygonum chinense + 10-20cm . 3 A g Stephania longa I IOcm 4 4 Xanthium sibiricum + 15-30cm Arbor seedling 5 !1FI Lantana camara 25cm 6 WtIaWf Rubus leucanthus 1 30cm 7 P-45 Sambucus chinensis I 45cm 8 $ Cyclosorus parasiticus I 35cm *DBH: Diameter at breast height, same for the other tables.

43 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingywan) Waterway Regulation Project Table 3-1-6 Bamboo Grove Quadrat Record (15) 2 Site: Baihexun of Qingyuan City. Quadrat area for arbor layer 400 n2, Quadrat area for herbaceous plants layer. 2m. Height of bamboo grove: 1-16m, coverage rate: 90%/o. Bush layer isnull. herbaceous plants layer isthin and uneven with a coverage rate of 0-40%. Code Species Name Stem Height DBH Covera Memo Number (im) (cm) ge (%) I 7*tf Bambusa brevifolia 542 15-16 4.7 (22 in -a it clusters) average

IX XHM Panicum psilopodiumn +E 5-10cm 10 2 1N2 Piper sarmentosum +++ 30-50cm 40 o0, 3 ff-AX1 Ehretia longibotanical 2 20cm Arbor colony seedling

Table 3-1-7 Bamboo Grove Quadrat Record (16) Site: Zhouxin ofQin_yuan City. Quadrat area for arbor layer: 100 mi2, Quadrat area for herbaceous plants layer I M2. Height of bamboo grove: 8-10 m,coverage rate: 70%/o. Bush layer is null. Herbaceous plants layer is thin with a coverze rate of 0-10%. Stem eih DB Coea Code Species Name Num Meight DBH e (r) Memo ber (n c) e%

X I 14 Bambusa brevifolia 133 8-10 3-6 70 0 .0 .

I MMf- Panicumpsilopodium ++++ 5-10cm <10 _J -2 WtPT Phyllanthus urinaria + 1Ocm 15 3 J4tA* Solanum photeinocarpum + 14cm ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Arbor c- 4 t P-f FicushispidaId 1 15cm seedlino o 5 RJ4 Diclipterachinensis + 12cm IV 6 >;4 Boehmeria nivea + 20cm X 7 3T Erechtites valerianaefolia + 15cm 8 1WTN Lysimachiafortunei + 1Ocm

2) Plantation of quarrv planted forests are rare in areas undergone investigation, they are mainly eucalyptus forest and Chinese red pine forest. The planted forests usually locate on mountain or bank far away from the river. Organization of the forest is inferior, height of forest is about 5-15m, arbor layer is not incessant, coverage rate is 40-700/o, volume of timber and biomass is not great. A few eucalyptus forests located at tableland have some very high trees with high density. For categories, see Table 3-1I

3-1-8 Eucalyptus calophylla Forest Quadrat Record (In Quarry) (quadrat area 400 m2, total area of the forest is about 10000 m2) *volume of timber is about 45 tlha biomass is about 80 t/ha Code Stem Height DBH Coverag Memo Species Name Num (im) (cm) e (%) ber 1 36 15 12.7 60 Thrush layer > Oft4 Eucalyptus calophylla in and herbaceous average plants are o 2 f .WEAcacia confusa 1 12 13 scarce. i 3 1 Melia azedarach 1 12 _ 11 Volume of timber of arbor H l tLW Ageratum conyzoides + 30-50cm <10 trees:

44 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

3) Shrub-Herbaceous Clusters. Shrub-herbaceous clusters predominantly settle down at mountain slope near the river, and shrub and herbaceous plants are the backbone. Some areas sporadically grow trees as Chinese red pine and Rhus chinenst. Main species of arbor ftees are Ktex negwudo, Fluggea virosa, Truwnfetta bartrwnia, Klburnun fonriae, Ekaeagnus pungens, Sageretia theezans, Lagerstromia indica, and Mallotus apelta, etc. Main herbaceous plants are Mtscanihusfloridulus, Lespedeza cuneala, Xanthiwn, sibiricumIschaemum, Cynodon dactylon, Paspealwn scrobiculatwn, Inperata cylindrica, Neyraudia montana Hwnulus scandens, etc Parts of banks grow a few shrub-herb clusters, mainly wet-demanding or human-companion ones. They are Jltex negwzdo, Adina pilulifera, Mimosa sepiaria Sacchanon spontneuwn, Cynodon dactylon, Conyza canadensis,Xanthiwn sibiricum, Artemisia lavandude]olia, Ageratwn conyzoides, Panicwn repens,, Solmanum photeiocarpum and Ischaemwn, etc. (Table 3-1-9,10,11) .

Table 3-1-9 Quadrat Record for Vegetation of Shrub-Herbaceous-Cluster in Areas undergone Investigation (I1-2) 2 Site: Chetouzhou of Shaoguan City Quadrat Area: 25m

Code Species Name Stem Height Covera Memo Numbe (cm) ge r (°? I t*1 Vitex negundo + 130-280 ++++ Height of 0 2 I 4I Flu^geavirosa +... 110-300 + shrub < 3 VA(It Adina Pilulifera + 40-90 + layer:2-3m, 4- 40 Rhus succedanea 1 160cm + coverage < 5 ttt Broussonetiapapyrifera 1 110 + degree: 70%. _ 1 XIv Miscanthus floridulus +++ 100-180 ++++ Height of 2 t Neyraudia montana ++ 40-140 ++ herbaceous 3 b Imperata cylindrica + 20-50 + plant layer: o, 4 IV $ Apludamutica + 25-50 + 10-180cm, D 5 jiT4E Paspalum con ju atum + 5-20 + coverage

c 6 'w Paspalum scrobiculatum + 5-20 + degree: I: . 60%.

Table 3-1-10 Sample Record for Vegetation of Shrub-Herbaceous-Cluster in Areas undergone Investigation (12) Site: Pingshan Fruit and Wood Garden of Qujiang County in Baisha Town, Quadrat Area 25m2

Code Species Name Stem Height Coverage Code Num (cm) (%) ber 1 g Malvastrum coromandelianum +++ 30-80 2 ; Boehmeria nivea ++ 50-80 ++ 3 ±#Jaf Chenopodium ambrosiodes ++ 30-90 + Height of shrub 0 4 ORPTj! 8 Sidarhombifolia ++ 30-60 ++ layer: 1-3m,

-5 5 X#4i Vitex negundo ++ 30-110 +++ coverage c 6 b i t Fluggea virosa ++ 50-130 ++ degree: 60% I 7 AIJ Triumfetta bariramia + 30-50 + 8 Offr Mimosa sepiaria 1 245 ++ 9 8I'4 Celtissinensis 1 270 ++ 10 X Ricinus communis 1 135 + Height of i I ig Humulus scandens +++ 15-35 H++ herbaceous - 2 t[19)C Conyza canadensis +++ 30-60 H++ plant layer: 2 3 i; erilla frutescens +++ 25-35 + 30-60cm, s 4 MM Sporobolus elongZatus ++ 25-60 ++ coverage - 5 ±S -t Achyranthes aspera ++ 25-50 ++ degree: 90% zI: 6 ttl Plantagomajor ++ 10-20 ++

43 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project 7 0f Cynodondactylon 10 ++ 8 4 RV Verbena officinalis ++ 15 ++ 9 *bt* Gynuracrepidioides ++ 25-55 ++ 10 OI1JX Amaranthus spinosus ++ 20-35 ++ 11 M Erechtites valerianaefolia + 20 + 12 4 nt Lb k A Desmodium ++ 10 + heterophyllum 13 Z Artemisia vulgaris ++ 35 ++ 14 01- Lespedeza cuneata + 40 + 15 T4M Lysimachia fortunei + 30 + 16 b M Aster bacchariodes + 25 + 17 k3M: Setaria geniculata + 25 + 18 b * Imperata cylindrica + 30 + 19 >tt% Solanum photeinocarpum + 30-50 + __ 20 fCiE'J Ageratum conyzoides + 50 +

Table SL11 Sample Record for Vegetation of Shrub-Herbaceous-Cluster in Areas undergone Investigation (14) Site: Fenghuangzui - Liangshuijing inBaisha Town of Ymgde. Quadrat Aea: 25m2

Code Species Name Stem Height Coverage Code Number (cm) (%) I 64i-4 Mimosa sepiaria 120-260 2 gE3'J Vitex negundo 50-150 ++H+ 3 1 Sageretiatheezans ++ 30-60 + Height of thrush 4 Lagerstroemia indica + 70 + layer is 1-3m, Q s b' i Flugzea virosa ++ 70-130 ++ coverage degree i 6 4JJi+ Elaeagnus pungens + 60 + is 30-90% o 7 *1Jfi Triumfetta bartramia ++ 30-50 + n 8 IR* Desmodium trianzulare 1 45 + 9 CE Psidiumguajava I 220 + 10 Prunusmwne 250 + 1 *14 Celtis sinensis 1 195 + 12 IW Cinnamomwn bw-manni I 227 ++ 13 1 Cinnamomwn pirthenoxylon 1 260 ++ I . b Imperata cvlindrica +H+H 30-55 ++.+ Height O 2 1@:- Eremochloa ophiuroides ++++ 10-20 ++ -H herbaceous layeris 3 W Paspalum scrobiculatum +++ 10-30 +++ 10-60cm, 4 Artemisia vulgaris +++ 30-50 9 coverage degree is 5 71(D: Apluda mutica ++ 30-50 ++ 1000/0. 6 It14 Microstegium vagans ++ 30-50 ++ . 7 SA Panicum psilopodium ++ 5-10 ++ 8 b_ ; Aster bacchariodes -++ 10-30 ++ 9 0U D Ischaemum ciliare ++ 10-30 ++ v] 10 *1i) Centella asitica ++- 5-10 + o I1I O Pericampylusglaucus + 20 + O 12 MMM Gynostemma pentaphylla ++ 10-30 ++ D 13 #A: Xanthium sibiricum ++ 10-30 ++ O 14 JYAi-k- Ageratum conyzoides + 30-40 + 15 ft §4Vf Rubus rosaefolius + 10-30 + 16 T g Zornia diphylla ++ 10-20 + 17 -;s Mimosa pudica + 10-20 + 18 Qut Lb 9 Desmodium ++ 5-10 + heterophyllum . 19 J Chryspoogon aciculatus -++ 5-20 ++ 20 1R Humulus scandens + 10-20 +

46 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project 4) Farm ekl Farm field are mainly located within banks or tablelands. Most area of famn field is dry land. Pnncipal crops are mulberny, com, sweet potato, groundnut, peanut, taro and beans. At Bainiao and Lunzhoudao Island, there locate some small viUages, and around the villages are some farm field surrounding by frit trees as Euphoria longan, guava, banana, Clausena lansimwn and Chinese chestnut

5) Other Vegetation. In lands of banks near the river and alluvial islands (lands) that have undergone investigation, there are some wet-demanding herbaceous plants, as well as some arbor trees (see Table 3-1-12.3-1-13) . On higher sandy alluvial islands, shrub-herbaceous plants with distribution similar to that on tableland or mountain ground are frequently seen. Some larger alluvial islands even have planted forest, villages and farm field (e.g., Lunzhoudao Island). On an alluvial island (called the Snake Island by the natives) situated at the engineering area of Baisha Town of Shaoguan City, there is broad-leaved forest covering the island. Height of them is about 15-20m, and coverage rate is 50-80%. Reckoned on the basis of a quadrat of 200 m2 , arbor layer harbors 20 arbor treesof 6 species, with a girth of 40-180cm, and the average girth is 60cm. Shrub layer is thin. Plant species include Vitex negundo,Chinese alangium,Celtis sinensis and Triwnfelta bartramia. Coverage rate of herbaceous plants is 50-90%, and panicum psilopodiwn is the dominant one. Others are Sambucus chinensis, Polygonum chinense and Alocasia rhizome.

Table 3-1-12 Quadrat Record for Grassland Colony (13-1) Site: Shakou Quadrat Area 25m2

Code Species Name Stem Height Coverag Memo Numbe (cm) e (%) r 1 WMf 4 Saccharum spontaneum +++ 130-200 + Height of 2 WT Cynodon dactylon +++ 10-30 ..+ colony: 3 { Mariscus umbellatus ++ 40-60 ++ 0.5-2m, 4 Ak Polyvonum hydropier + 30-60cm + coverage 5 i Panicum repens + 20-110 + degree: 6 PillF: Paspalum conjukatum + 10-30 + 100%. 7 * Eleusine indica + 10-30 + 8 W Paspalum scrobiculatum + 10-30 + 9 2 T *- Alternantheraphiloxeroides + 20-50 + 10 $*ffi1w Eragrostisnevinii + 10-30 + 11 rE!i Cyperus malaccensis + 40-80 + 12 j Echinochloa crusgalli + 10-30 + 13 bl tOM Wedelia chinensis + 10-30 + 14 1KM Fimbrystics sp. + 40-60 +

Table 3-1-13 Quadrat Record for Grassland Colony (13-2) Site: SliakOLu ( )LtiidIl Area: 4m2

Code Species Name Stem Height Coverag Memo Number (cm) e (%) I 111l X :f Alternanthera 20-40 H4 . philoxeroides Height of 2 fJ Cynodon dactylon l 10-30 l colony: 3 *W Paspalumscrobiculatum ++ 10-30 ++ 0.2-0.6m, 4 NO'D: Eremochloa ophiuroides + 10-30 + coverage 5 mmtF. Panicum repens + 20-50 + degree: 100%. 6 A +t:4 Paspalum conjugatum + 10-30 + 7 bntAk1 Conga canadensis + 40-60 + 8 *fa* Gynura crepidioides + 20-40 + 9 It EliE Ageratum conyzoides + 20-50 + 10 ;4 Xanthium sibiricum + 10-30 +

47 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project (2) Vegetation in the Quarry Choice for Location of quarry supplying building stones for this engineering is pending, and it may be changed on demand by the engineering. Investigations on candidate quarTy indicate that soil-vegetation covers of the candidate quanies are basically the same, aDlof them are of already being quanied. They are affluent for granite layers but thin vegetation cover, shrub-herbaceous plants are the dominant species. For instance, Longtoushan Quany, which locates near Baishiyao at middle-upper reach of Beijiang River, is a mountain slope, whose vegetation cover is shrub-herbaceous plant clusters Height of the vegetation cover is 2-5 meters with a coverage degree of 600/o-800/o. Dominant plants are V4tex negwido, Rhu chinensis, Mamosa sepa, Lagersmromia mcica, Mallotzs apelta Lespedeza cww=ata Ischaem'wn, Artemisia kandulaefolia. At Yuantan Town Quarry of Qingyuan City, which is situate at middle-lower reach of Beijiang, vegetation cover is mainly formed by thrush and herbaceous with litle categories, coverage degree is 40(70 0/o.

Vegetation covers of other quany are simple. Thrush-herbaceous plant clusters predominantly settle down on mountain slope and thrush and herbaceous plants are the dominant ones. Some places harbor some arbor trees as Chinese red pine and Rhus chinensis. Thrushes comprise VJtex negwudo, F7uggea veusc, Triunfetta bartramia Vubwmnu foniiae, Elaeagnus pungens, Sageretia theezans, Lagerstromia indica, Mallotus apelta, dominant herbaceous plants are MiscanLbur florz&duI, Lespedeza cwueata, Xanthiun sibiricum, Ischaemwn, Cynodon dactylon, Paspalwn scrobicaukwm, Imperatacylindrica, Neyraudiamontwan and Hwnulus scandens, etc.

34.1.3.3 Results of Vegetation Cover Preliminary prospecting and observation of all-line reaches have been conducted in this session. Observed parameters include terain and surface feature of banks, types of vegetation, major species of plants and human interference. Quadrat investigation has been conducted at areas representing a variety of vegetation types. Principal types of vegetation are bamboo grove (Bambusa bzvifolia is the dominant one), thrush-herbaceous plant clusters, farm field vegetation, wet-demanding grassland, a little eucalyptus trees and thin trees of Chinese red pine. According to the way-based investigation, the above-mentioned major vegetation had undergone quadrat investigation. Totally l500m 2arbor quadra4 175 m2thrush quadrat and 15 m2 herbaceous quadrat were investigated. Recorded plants faDl into 112 species in 41 families. For details, see plant bibliography. Organization and species of vegetation in the surveyed areas are quite simple. They are mostly common species of second growth plants with little volume of timber and biomass. The latter does not exceed IOOt/ha in general.

Human activities in the surveyed areas are intensive. Orgnization of vegetation there is simple. Bamboo grove and few planted forests, thrush-herbaceous plant clusters and grassland are the dominant ones with little biomass valuing 0.06-0.56kg/m2 , and the average coverage rate is 500/%. Biomass of planted forest is 80t/ha with an average coverage rate of 40-70%. The variety of plants is relatively simple. Those plants more tolerable to human interference and accustomed to human-companion are more frequently found.

Quarries for building stone in surveyed areas are also characterized with simple makeup of vegetation due to human-interference factors. Plants more tolerable to human interference and accustomed to human-companion are more frequently found. Statistics show that biomass of arbor layer in quarry of this area ranges at 0.2072-4.0272kg/m 2, while thrush-herbaceous plant cluster layer ranges at 0. 1-0.45kg/m2.

Shannon-Wiener diversity index of thrush-herbaceous plant cluster and grassland in this area ranges at 02 1-0.30, and the value of planted forest ranges at 0 (purely forest) -1.98. Data from study on Dinghushan Natwe Reserve conducted in 1983 by Peng Shaolin, Chen Zhanghe, et al, indicate that the shannon-Wiener diversity index of arbor layer of mixed broadleaf-conifer forest is 1.96-2.86, and that of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Reserve is 4.12-4.84. Therefore, we can see that biodiversity index of vegetation coverage in this area is very favorable, and human-interference is fierme. 34.1.3.4 Rare and important species, and critical habitats

^il ' I't ' QUlxii'1 cr\ \> ~\itli 't;'i c.:'C .are and endangered plants in the surveyed areas have not been discovered. Bamboo grove is the most frequently found and the most extensively distributed type of vegetation along the river undergone survey. Bamboo grove near the river can play an important role in the protection of the banks, as well as in serving the scenery purpose in south China. Bamboo grows to be lumber with high speed and therefore it harbors profitable potential and deserves conservation.

48 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)IYaterway Regulation Project 3.1.3.5 Protected Area in northern Guangdong Province

There are two protected areas in the middle and upper reaches of the North River. The location of Protected Area showed in Fig.3-1-4.There are:

Yuebei (northern Guantdone)HuatVanHu (South China Ye'er) Conservaton Unit

The unit is located in the northern Guanedon2 Province. Its area is about 27.000 m2. Its geographical coverage is 24° 31 ' -25° 20' N, 112° 22' -1I14° 20' E. It aims at the protection of South China Tiger, an endangered top priority and nationally protected species, and its living environment. The unit is one of provincially protected natural areas. The nearest proiect area of the North River (Shaoguan reach) is about 100 kilometers far away from the core of unit

Guanyinshan Forest reservation

Guayinshan Forest Reservation, located in North-west of Fogana County, central geographical coverage of 230 57' N, 113° 32' -1 14° 20' E. is 2.846 km2. It is a provincially protected area for subtropical evegreen forest with rare fauna and flora The nearest proiect area of the North River (Lianiiangkou reach) is about 18 kilometers far away from this reservation.

Acording the analysis results from ifomlation gathered, the proiect vill have no direct or indirect impacts on the two protected areas.

49 Fnvironmental Impact Assessnmentfor .\'ortih-RivertSiSaogluan-Qingyz'an) IIaterwav Regulation Project

.'',.,, ., .l AW

Photo1 Baboos-Bush1-Grass Alon2 North-River Photo2 Vitex-Bush-Grass Along North-Rive (In Section A-B and E) (In Section A-B)

Photo3 Pines-Bush-Grass Along North-River Photo4 Crops-Bush-Grass Along North-River (In Section C-D) (In Section E)

7_a .

PhotoS Pines-Bush-Grass in Quarrv(Shaoguan) Photo6 Bushi-Grass in Quarry (Yingde)

50 Environmental Impact Assessmenttfor ,Vorth-River(Shaogu2an-Qingvuan) lI aterwvay Regulation Project

-- I

Photol Baboos-Bush-Grass Along North-River Photo2 Vitex-Bush-Grass Along North-River (In Section A-B and E) (In Section A-B)

jF ~~~-'': 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Pho[o3 Pines-Bush-Grass Along North-River Photo4 Crops-Bush-Grass Along North-River (In Section C-D) (In Section E)

Photo5 Pines-Busil-Grass in Ouarry(Shaoguan) Photo6 Bush-Grass in Quarrv (Yingde) Chish . .

a >\f / > _ 2 ~~~~~~Hew4

ang\a,hiw ?'r.

ouba Dam

Liuhe

Wun, iancunancun

Legend TOwn

N | BajiaR-....lbe -...... River ajt E - - - ; w E ...... ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~,Dock- F Road ;Dam 0 5 1km| ' Inigatian ______O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~uarry

- Fartnland \ * "g- 21 i . ~~~~~~~~~~Abor-BurshGrass

Mengzh5ou-ba :::: Grass Byamboo Sandbank Sanduba---, _lR ...... site: > ...... ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~Dredging ;Projec - Retaining e n* m iiI Dumping sites -rspurstgroins

,------ahangxiang Shuikou

to# Baituw Baitu .. Dawenshan Baita ha i_Lrng1ouzhai

Fig3-1-3a Present Situation of Land and Forest along the North River (Mengzhouba Dam-Baitu) (section A-1) 51 > 1 > _ / .. ~~~~~~~~~~~Town River w _E -~~~~~~~~~~~~~Road -. ") Raihway an ~~Guanptan V AIlYr s , - J /hngw ,v7np9ang O 0.J 1b t, Dock -', . * , !.m Dam Irgatianlm~ ....- ! ~~~~~~~~~~' / Quarry -' - ~Farm land

'tZhongcun K ' ' /\ Xi ¶Iiowu -_ Abor-BushGrass | ~~~ 'N~~~~~~~~Grass _;; Bamboo

- ., /. Huangwu - Sandbank ^,, - . 9 { 4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Projectsite: 1 Dredging Retaining la o --Dumping iK_ sites$x < * ojiat_ . Spurs/groins

LutQou

Dacun Xiia u l ! <- s i hShangsnanpo_ ~~he~~uix:~~~-~ '~~i~~anzhai~ ~ ~ Huang

anghn g

Huangs H ebip ~~~~~ ~~~~ Caow~~~~~~~u Hill't

hi.|-Wushi

~~- Huangnipo DHungsriaiwu Zhiact

Caodet ~Xiwu ~ ~ Wushir;hong E:. Wush

Z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~hanglin,,

GuangmGuanugdaduL-i

Fig3-1-3b Present Situation of Land and Forest along the North River (Baitu-Wushinan) (section A-2,B) 52 N.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

rvoir W+E /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

inIdechachangyh Chachangliudui jdechachajg-

3ngn l:iiachall,_ .

Dangan7lill(2i7YN.. Shizi Hi (172)

AKeWangbuu

puanyingyango<\i\Wn

> % < _ 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Jiumtlang>>/ ,angwud~~~~ia

Dashandojg Hill (298

Dam Dredging enghuangzui

Legend iT s 2 Town Abor-Bush-Grass o L a. _ River : -Grass 5/

Railway ::ai:hiSandbankghagzui) Doctfit, Project site:ion C,D Dam Dredging_ ! a : m .... / I s Irrigatian Retaining ,,s '/ pr Quarry * Dumping sites , > * . / -O.,:'C Farm land -T- spurs/groins _/ Fig3-1-3c Present Situation of Land and Forest along the North River (Baishiyao Dam-Fenghuangzui) (section C,D)

53 - ~~~~~Legend ) Town I RiverRoad Zhongxinwei I0I s ', -RailwayDock eoDam Had Irrigatian | I Quarry Farm land - Abor-Bush-Grass ianh ukeng I xn Grass H Bamboo ... Sandbank ng Project site: _Dredging I Retaining * Dumping sites .T Spurs/groins

-- I /G --

- / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Jiang kou

N lngyutf;EJS 7 \ Feixiadon

Qingyu

_ oudn ; 1}- !ux.n

Fig3-1-3d Present Situation of Land and Forest along the North River(Feilaixia Dam-qingyuan) (section E) W lF Hongyun Wujianig IR.

0 6 1 2kmDiegou'Dai°t Aliu . < -Yuoxi ZhenjiangR.

(/ -k,_ rir~~~Daqiao

AiL ~ Dongping < hn$-P/Lnx

@Wt /-Y~~~~iliu 'C l,. 9

,g~~~~~~~~~~~~'eyud Fengwan

io. oongnan Uongnyaozhuzihixi yua

\ ~~~~~~~~~~Fengtian '2. rhns/XEkn awg/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~Baitu6Quj'iang

-Jiangwan Baisha ? ' - oL // ~~Shaxi

Gumushui 5 ushi: Dabu Zhangshi Vushinan iuok'eing >en~~gkuo _^ , MAjinglia ' .iln =

w/;>i/ ~~~~~~~X!inj'iangI :Boluo qingkeng ,ha uo

f7,' ~~~~~~~Wen\gchen p awan ~>Shigutang Hengshitang Yunlin

Huanan7aozhan rbo- Prohectottes

tk ~~~~~~~Kengkouzui( .....Wangfuo Da, he"x)n

Jiauq Guanyinyfi j4ao-- !I Pf , ~~~~~Jiangwa- Mingjing l {_

'Xiniu> d Hegongkengkut .bazhan Yuwan Jiulong 1 R, \ 97D, Qiaoxia./ \ Huanggang

Shabe Shuibia, \ +-TF Baisha

Dadong ,Lalanlu t; Gaogang Y,anLing -Xinzhou

i; + -~~~~~~~~~~Jingtuo

Heyun Lii-

Yuba ,'F9n ea utl Legend

Shangkenp ; - Road Zhukeng teilaixia ( . ~~~~~~~~~~~Railway

\ PNha _ - Minan ) ~~~~~~~~~~~~HuanghuaExisting Dam|

OPingxin inRtnsa agn AgUaguHuananhu Reservation

in%g:Waw-FFchen 7 inkUu .Gaoqiao \t~ Huilan ,'ix * Guanyins.han Forest| Fig3-1-4 Location of the Reservation 55 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Q,ngyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

34.2 Investigation and evaluation of water environment quality

34.2.1 Investigation of actuality of water environment The information of present water quality comes mainly from existing supervision and surveying infornation. ( ) Tune limit of informaion collection The information comes from the Environment Monitoring Stations of Shaoguang, Qingyuan and Yingde cities, and the information covers the situation of the period of recent 3 years (1999 - 2001) and from January to May 2002. (2) Supervision and surveying section In order to protect water environment.There are 15 routine water quality supervision and surveying sections set up by GDEPB in total existing along the middle reaches of Beijiang River from Qingyuan to Shaoguan, among which, five sections (1#--5#) are in Shaoguan, eight setions (6#-13#) are in Yingde and two sections(14#-15#) are in Qingyuan. For the details please refer to Table 3-2-1 and Figure 3-1-la,b. The above supervison sections are the ones that are under regular supervison. Accordinp to the result of years of monitoring. the river width between the upper stream and the down stream of the construction section differs little, so does the water depth and some other water conditions. And the water quality of the construction section and the regularlv monitored section is basically stable. Therefore. the existing information from monitoring can be adopted in the water quality analysis. Table 3-2-1 Routine water quality surveying sections alongside the middle reaches of Beijiang River Area affiliated Serial Objective Name of sections River situated inand specific location No. of water

Shaoguan l# quali Wujiang bridge Branch of Beijiang-Wujiang,before City converging into Beijiang 2# III Qujiang bridge Branch of Beijiang-Zhenshui, before converging into Beijiang 3# III Mengzhou Dam power Main stream of Beijiang station 4# III Baisha Main stream of Beijiang 5# III Gaoqiao (Qujiang county) Main stream of Beijiang Yingde City 6# III GaoQiao (Yingde city) Main stream of Beijiang, sectionnnning writh Qujiang 7e III Shakou Main stream of Beijiang, nearby Shakou

______~~~~~~~~town 8# III Xiangyang village Main stream of Beijiang, the lower reaches of Qingxi 9# HI Dongguapu Main stream of Beijiang, the upper reaches of Baishiyao Dam 10# III Gaopotang Main stream of Beijiang, the upper reaches of Baishiyao Dam 11# III Baxia Main stream of Beijiang, the upper reaches of Baishiyao Dam 12# II Shibeitang Main stream of Beijiang. section in upper reaches of Yingde city 13# II Shiwei Main stream of Beijiang, section in lower reaches of Ymngde city Qingyuan city 14# Qixinggang Main stream of Beijiang, intake mouth of Qixinggang Water Factory 15# 11 Qingyuan wharf Main stream of Beijiang . under l______Xinbeijiang Bridge of Qingyuan (3) Tune for nonitoring the 15 supervising sections sampling Six phases of monitoring, 2 days for phase 1, in odd month each surveying section shall be carried out

56 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project annually; and the monitoring in left, middle and right location shall be carried out. (4) monioredItems The items monitored by different stations and collected in different years are variedGenerally they are PH, Temperature, SS, Rigidity, DO, index of permanganate salt, BOD5, N0 2-N, NH3-N, Volatilization Hydroxybenzene, Cyanide, Cr+6 , Cadmium, Plumbum, Hydrargyrum, Arsenic, OIL and so on. (5) Measures of analysis Analysis shall be carried out according the Standards of Surface Water Environment (GB3838-2002) (6) Measures of evaluating actualiy Through comprehensive evaluation of the quality of the water collected from Beijiang River, as well as the analysis of the indexes of SS, BOD5 and Ammonia Nitrogen from 6 sections which cover Mengzhou Dam of Shaoguan city (2#) , Baisha (4#); Baxia of Yingde city (1 I#) , Shibeitang ( 12#): Qixinggang of Qingyuan city (14#) and Qingyuan harbor (15#) .For the details of annually changing status please see Histogram 3-2-j1 3-2-6

3.2.2 Analysis and evaluation of the actuality of water environment According to the statistics of the water quality of 15 sections which were under monitoring from 1999 to the May of 2002, (1) There have already been two monitoring water sections in Section A of the project (the reach lying before the Mengzhou dam of Shaoguan), in the reach before the Wujiang Bridge (I#) and Qujiang bridge (2#) of Shaoguan. The quality of the water which is under monitoring is below the national standard of class III as refer to the quality of the surface water environment. And this shows that the water quality of the upper river of Section A of the project is good. (2)1n the reach between Section A to Section B, among the water quality indexes of 3 sections including Mengzhou dam (3#), Baisha (4#), Gao bridge (5#) from 1999-May 2002, except that the heavy metal Cadmium exceeds the specified standards slightly, all the other supervised and surveyed indexes were below the standard of class III on the aspect of state surface water environment quality. This has shown that in this river section, there is certain heavy metal pollution in this river section, which resulted from the sewage discharged from the enterprises on the upper reaches and the heavy metal content in the background of this area is rather high. (3)ln the reach between Section C and Section D, there are six sections, that is Gao bridge of Yingde (6#) , Shakou (7#) , Xiangyang village (8#) , Dongguapu (9#) , Gaopotang (10#) and Baxia (1 1#) , the regular monitoring indexes of water quality from 1999 to May 2002 were below the standard of class III as regard to the surface water environment quality and this represents the water quality of this reach is good. (4) In the reach of Section E (the reach between Feilai Canyon to Great Bridge of Qingyuan ) The indexes of the quality of the water which is under monitoring from 1999 to May 2002 were below the national standard of class III as refer to the quality of the surface water environment. And this shows that the water quality of the reach is good. But in the section (15#) of Qingyuan harbor, except Ammonia Nitrogen exceeds the specified standards during low water of 1999 (consistence at 0.502 mg/L, exceeding the specified standards by I time), heavy metal Plumbum exceeds the specified standards (consistence at 0.021mg/L, exceeding the specified standards by.50%). While in 2000, heavy metal Plumbum exceeds the specified standards during high water period (consistence at 0.015mg/L, exceeding the specified standards by 50%), during low water period heavy metal ldi14mi+mt exceeds the specified standards, (consistence at &.021mg/L, exceeding the specified standards by 105%), each routine index was below the standard of class HI on the aspect of the surface water environment quality and this represents the water quality of this river is good.

(5) According to the annual histogram of the change of water quality at each section such as SS, BOD5

57 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project and Ammonia Nitrogen, SS consistence during high water period is comparatively high; BOD5 consistence is comparatively high during low water period; and for Ammonia Nitrogen there is no obvious difference between low and high water periods. In general, there appeared an annually declining trend on the individual consistence of SS, BOD5 and Ammonia Nitrogen from 1999 to 2002. 3.2.3 Results of the research on the sensitive point of the water environment

According to the result of the research on the present water quality, the sensitive point of the water quality includes: 1) Protection of Dinking Water Protection Areas. There are three drinking water protection areas along the middle section of the North River, which locates at Qingyuan, Feilaixia Reservoir and Yingde, referring to Fig. IL4-'-4.According to the analysis of the project, only Qingyuan drinking water protection area which is within the project-may be impacted by the project. But Yingde drinkin', w%ater rontcctioin aredi is about Skiim do\k ntrcaiij of' pioiect site [). tbe iimpacted b\ the proiect ma%be less. Therefore, mitigation measures should be taken to protect the water quality of the OingyQ1aii drinlkin- atcr protection zone-i..iuil\.[-L'.\p)liiiulioii in the tid'IC3--2.

2) Protection of Water Intakes

According to analysis of the materials of the latest project, ten pumping stations in the middle reach of North River are in the section of the construction. For detailed information, please refer to table '.4-2-2 and Ei- i4t 2-3. ,. Among the stations two are drinking water stations that is, Wushi Electric Plant drinking water station and Qingyuan drinking water station, the others are all pumping stations for irrigation. So priority should be given to protection of the water quality of the two drinking water stations.

3) Protective Measures

According to the identification of the sensitive point, while dredging up on the sensitive points, measures should be taken to reducing the pollution of the water quality, and ensure that the water quality won't be affected by the construction. Environmental fmpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 32-2 Water intakes and Drinkin2 water protection area possibly impacted by the project Name of Water Bank Class of Pump ity Capaci Distance from the 3 \intakes and Water Pumps Capacity m /s Service Project sites \dfirnking water Qualhty O(ilowatt) protection area

I Qixingang** L n 3 390 1.142 Drinkingwater 300-600 m down (Qixiggan ) Pop. 180,000 project site E 2 Zhouxin** R nI 1 60 0.3 Irnigation 133 ha In proiect site E 3 Dashajiao** R n I. 10 0.1 Inigation33 ha In proiect site

4 Lunzhou** R nI I 110 0.4 Irrigation 167 ha In roiect site E 5 Xialiao** L ID 2 60 0.27 Irtigalion 179 ha In proiect site E

6 Fenghuangzui L m 1 25 0.4 Inigation 60 ha In proiect site D

7 Liangshuijing L m 1 40 0.18 Irrigation 60 ha In proiectsite D 8 Baishiyao R in 1 25 0.4 Inigation 60 ha 400-600m down ______proiect site C 9 Wushi Power L m 5 500 0.16 Drinking water 300-500 m down I Station I - 1 I I Pop. 10,000 proiect site B 10 Tongguzhou L IV 2 20 0.1 Irnigation 60 ha In proiect siteA 11 Yminde Drinkin / 11- m About 8km downstream of proiect site D.about more 30kmn upstream of Water Protection proiect site E Area 12 Feilaixia Reservoir / m About 5km upstream of proiect site E. about more 40km downstream of Drinking Water pro*ect site D _ Protection Area __ 13 Qinguan - Il Tereare parts of project sites E in the area Drinking Water _ Protection Area Note: the water intake vith "**" meants in the Qinvuan drinkinr water protection area

59 mg/L mgfL

100 3 90 2.15

70 _ I 3I2 I

600

Period, I OLOW Priod *High Period O Level Period| |1LOW Priod E*High Period O Level I Fig 6-2-1(a)40 Shaoguan-Mengzhou Dam-SS Fig 3 2-l(b) Shaoguan-Mengzhou Dam-BODs

mg/L mg/L

60 ' 125

60~~~~~~*J 1 t ; ,_i ;ryi 4.e

20 ED= 0.5 0 L= 0

1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002

1O3Low Priod *High Period O3Level Period I o Low Priod *High Period OLevel PeriodI

Fig 3-2-2(a) Baisha of Shaoguan -SS Fig 3-2-2(b) Baisha of Shaoguan -BOD 5

mg/L mg/L

20 _. - - s 121

702

!oLow Priod *High Period O Level Period | }OLow Priod *High Period O Level Period !

Fig5.2-3(a) Baxia of Yingde -SS Fig3-2-3(b) -Baxia of Yingde BODs

60 mg/L mg/L

I 1.6 60 ;

12 0.8 30~ :06 -:^t: 20 \

0.02 _ 10 * 0 99 *00 0 !1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002

E3Low Priod *High Period OLevel Period |LOW Priod *High Period OLevel Period

Fig3-2-3(c) baxia of Yingde NH3-N Fig;-2-4(a) Shibeitang of Yingde-SS mg/L mg/L

2 .0.8 !1.5 - 1-__ 048_ - ___ ' _' __ _._ _. ; .

1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002

COLow Piiod *EHigh Period C3Level Period| |ICLOW Priod *EHigh Period ODLevel Period |

Shibeitang-of Yingde NH -N Fig ;-2-4(b) Shibeitang-of Yingde BOD 5 0.15Fig3-2-4(c) 3 20~~~~~~~. ...,~ ~ ~ ~ ~~0 mg/L mg/L 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0. 140 . ,0.6 1 120 * - - ^" f ' :1_.-+.. , -<, t: .t

100 . 0 t<->2-.o 5. >

40 0.26

1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002

OLow Priod *High Period OLevel Period I OLow Priod *High Period OLevel Period

Fig3 -2-5(a) Qixinggang of Qingyuan SS Fig3-2-5(b) Qixinggang- of Qingyuan BODs

61 mg/L mg/L

0. 6 120 ______. YL--

0.10O3 oUV-0 > < s. < _|^ .

0.2 . 1; l 2°40 ^ 5 5

1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002

|EBLow Priod * High Period OLevel Period| . OLoW Priod * High Period OLevel Period

Fig 5-2-5(c) Qixinggang- of Qingyuan NH 3 -N Fig3-2-6(a) Qingyuan-Port SS

mg/L mg/L

2.5 06.

0. 5

1. _jjFtlit...... 0.4 _ _ -t r _ . __ _. ___ 1.5 _ 03 _ _

.. 3

1999 20 201 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002

'OLow Priod *High Period OLevel Period I 'ODLow Priod *High Period OLevel Period

Fig -2-6(b) Qingyuan -Port -BODs Fig3 .2-6(c) Qingyuan -Port -NH3 .N

62 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor Nort/z-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) IVaterway Regulation Project

3.3 Evaluation to the Quality of Existing Atmosphere Environment

3.3.1 Investigation of existing atmosphere environment Considering the characteristics of the construction of this project, the requirement of loan from the World Bank, as well as the working time and the actual status, the investigation to the quality of atmosphere environment shall be carried out through collecting present monitoring and surveying information. (1) Time limit of information collecting The information comesfrom the environment monitoring stations of Shaoguang, Qingyuan and Yingde cities, and the information covers the period from 1999-2001, as well as January - May 2002. For the details of annual average consistence change of each contamination please refer to Figure

(2 ) Supplement to surveying results The supplement of points supervised and surveyed this time shall include 6 residence places of Chezhoutou (AIRI ) , Baitu town(AIR2), Baisha town (AIR3) , Wushi town(AIR4), Kengkouzui (AIR5) and Jingbi Garden of Qingyuan city (AIR6) . For the details please refer to sketch map 2-3(page 23-25). Surveying is carried out continuously for 3 days, and the result is as following 3-3-1: 3 Table 3-3-1 Results Surveying of environmental air quality (mg/M ) Serial number and location of surveying points NO- TSP AIR] Chetouzhou daily average value 0.009 0.042 AIR2 Baitu dailv average value 0.011 0.024 AIR3 Baisha dailv average value 0.008 0.011 AIR4 Wushi daily average value 0.100 0.150 AIR5 Kenglkouzui daily average value 0.005 0.045 AIR6 Jinbei Garden dailv average value 0.011 0.035 Quality standards of environmental air (Class II) 0.12 0.30

-4.3.2 Analysis and evaluation ofthe existing atmosphere environment ( I ) S02: the annual average consistence of S02 in the city zone of Qujiang county exceeds specified standards by 8.3percentage; the annual average consistence of S02 in urban area of Shaoguan exceeds the specified standards slightly, with a rate at 1.3% in 2001; The annual average consistence of S02 in the urban area of Yingde and Qingyuan city is lower than evaluation standards; (2)NO2: the annual average consistence of N02 in the urban area of Shaoguan in 1999 and 2000 exceeded the standard slightly, and in 1999 in the urban area of Qingyuan, the consistence exceeds the standard by less than 1.1 percentage; and the annual average consistence in urban zone of Qujiang and Yingde is lower than the evaluation standard of N02. (3 ) TSP: The annual average consistence of TSP in each city zone exceeded specified standard by 2.4 - 12.5 %, but appearing a declining trend in general year by year. (4) The result of supplemented supervision and surveying has shown that the air quality of each residence points is rather good. In general, the air quality of each city zone of Beijiang is bener. Therefore, during the construction of the project, measures should be taken to reduce the air pollution and to protect the present air quality.

.'-.3.3 Results of the analysis on the sensitive point of the air

According to the analysis of the result of the locale research, the air sensitive points mainly include the resident zones along the transportation routes of the project vehicles(from the stone field to the dock), such as the Chezhoutou, Baitu town, Baisha town, Wushi town, Kengkouzuiand Jingbi Garden of Qingyuan city.The protection indexes of the air quality are TSP. N02.Figure 3-3-1- Figure3-3-3.

63 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor Northi-River(S/zaoguan-Qingyuan) iVaterway Regulation Project

0. 12

0.08 I 0El1999 0.06 02000

0. 02 0 0 Shaoguan Qujiang Qingyuan Yingde

Fig.3-3-1 Variety of SO2 of Cities Along North-River in 1999-2001

mg/mnm 3 0. 15 f I0.1 g -^-X- 1999

* 0*> Shaoguan Qujiang Qingyuan Yingde

Fig.)>-3-2 Variety of NO2 of Cities Along North-River in 1999-2001

0.35 mg/m 0. 3 . - . . . . ; . I...... ,

0.1 E 2000r i D 0 ' Shaoguan Qujiang Qingyuan Yingde

Fig.3-3-3 Variety of TSP of Cities Along North-River in 1999-2001

64 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Watenvay Regulation Project

34.4 Evaluation of the Quality of Existing Noise Environment

34.4.1 Investigation existing nosie environment Present surveying materials shall be collected from each city zone alongside the line for analysis. (1) Time limit of information collecting The information comes from the Environment Monitoring Stations of Shaoguang, Qingyuan and Yingde cities, and the information about noise supervision and surveying covers the period from 1999-2001, and for the annual change of equivalent voice grade in each citv zone please refer to histogram 34-4-1- 34-4-3. (2) Supplement to supervision and surveying result The supplement of points supervised and surveyed this time shall include 6 residence places of Chezhoutou (NI ) ,Baitu town(N2), Baisha town (N3) , Wushi town(N4), Kengkouzui (N5) and Zhouxin (N6) . For the details please refer to map 2-3(Page 23-25). Supervision and surveying are carried out for one day, and the result is shown in the following table 34-4-I: Table 34-4-1 Statistics of Supplemented result supervised and surveyed [Leq(A)] Points Location of supervision & surveying points surpered Daytime Nighttime Evaluation time and Explain of environmental status Name Daytime Nighttime Chezhoutou 52.8 48.5 60 50 20 m in front of Xian village, consists of (NI ) living, ship and constructional noise smainly. Baitu town 53.3 50.2 60 550 10 m in front of village, consists of living, (N2) I_ ship and constructional noisesmainly. Baisha 52.2 49.2 60 50 10 m in front of village, consists of living, town (N3) ship and constructional noises mainly. Wushi town 55.5 54.8 60 50 Eastern bank, 20 m in front of village, (N4) consists of ship, constructional and vehicle .______noises mainly. Kengkouzui 51.1 46.8 60 50 Westem bank, 10 m in front of village, (N5) consists of living, ship and constructional noises mainly. zhouxin 50.6 45.5 60 50 Eastern bank, 15 m in front of house, consists (N6) of ship. constructional and vehicle noises mainly. Note: above sensitive points belone to commixine areas of commercial areas, residential areas and industrial areas: Class 2 noise standard is applied for the areas in the Standards of Environmental iNoise in Urban Area (GB3096-93)

3.4.2 Analysis of the result_ The result of routine and on-site supplemented supervision & surveying has shown that the noises supervisied and surveyed in each functional area of the urban zones of Qingyuan and Shaoguan city are lower than the relative evaluation standard, but in the urban area of Yingde, supervision and surveying value in class 2and 3 exceeds the specified standard in 1999, and from 2000 to 2001, the statLs of noise had an improvement, and the supervision and surveying value in each functional area is lower than relative evaluation standard. Therefore, during the construction of the projects, measures should be taken to reducing sound pollution and to protect present environment and any construction at night is prohibited. 3.4.3 Results of the analvsis of the sensitive point of noises To identify impacted places including project sites themselves, quarries, dumping sites, and maior material transportation roads. According to the explanation in Chapter2. it is known that the traffic alone the Northern River is

65 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) WVaterway Regulation Project rather cov?lenient. On the east baik tlle mail road is Yin-Yin4 tQingvuan-Yingde) Road (named S203). and ever\ Village or to\\n has sLibuLrbani road leading! to the docks on the botli banks of the r iver. 65%,o of the subuLban r oads are paved with concrete and others are paved with sandstone. so it is sule that the traitic can meet the demanid of field construction and it is not necessarv to construct extra traffic w%ays and temporary docks or \iden an\ toad for the proiect. The traffic programinim. durine the proiect is sho\v n in figure 2-2 and 2-3. The docks on botil banks ale enough. The materials need(ed during the project can be conve.ed b. trucik to the nearest dock and theni shipped to the constiuctioni fiel(l. thus muchi land will not be needed temporaril. Task-GIoup hals testilied throuch investigation that the docks needed by tLe proiecl \\oiild include ChletoIizhou dock. BaituL dock. WLishii dockl. KenaŽkouzui dock. dock near Jlian'kou . dock near zhoLixii and so on. T'lese docks \\ill be usedl for tranisimiitted construction materials. mainl. stone. and sandstone secondlI, The above-mnentioned docks are showed in 11i_eure2-2 and 2-3. Tllere are no residential areas near the above docks. Accorcdinc to tIhe consultation anld inm.estication to local en.i ronrment departeilint. coutintr\-land depailment and constructors ot' \iater';.\- buLeaVu. all the stones needed for this proiect are fioml local stone mines. belon'in' to lccal tow.n or villa"e (iluine Gantang Town and Chishui Town of ShIao0uan cit\. Baishivao village and Guanvinvan villace ofl Yinde citvy Yuantan town ot' Oingyuan cit\ ). and runlb\ private institute legally. There are no villages near the quarries. The locations of the stone minies, for the proiect. are shown in ficure2-3 and table 2-3 in detail The constLuctioCn of the proiect is executed mainl'. on water. and belongs to the movingc ConsItICtioti alon tihe river. Stone, sand, and othel buildin_ matelials are transteried at the existming docks aloiw the rivel. and piledl ltite temporar. construction sites. The main obiects itluenced h\ the constiuctioni are residential areas and sensitive areas near the transportation routcs anld the piliinl sites. ancl there are no hospitals or schools within the scope of estimation, Accordimnc to the reconnaissance on the constiLuctioil oule. thie ilmain toads on the east baniik ol' Beiiianc River are Yinvingc Road ('Qing.\uall-Y'inide)(S203) and the simple transportation route leading to the operation docks on botlh baniiks ot' BeiiianLc River. Thle residential areas involved by the transportation route are ClhetonL Villace. Baitlu ''o0\n. W'usIli KenCIkouIzui. Zhouxin. and .lian'lkouxu. 'The positions of the abovc residential areas are show.vn in Fig.2-3 Accordilmic the resulls of monitoring tilie n)isess.leel of the above residential arIas is lower TIhe influenced b. the transportation routes noise ma\ be increase than in cxestence. theielore. ilte protect measurs \\ ill be adopted.

66 dB(A) 70 60 50 X standard 40 * J21999 30 10 2000 20~~~~~~~~~~~'20 20~~~~~~~~~~~..IO 2 0 10

0I class I class II class III citywide

Fig341 Qingyuan Noise variety in 1999-2001

dB(A) 80

60 El standard

40 ~~~~~~~~~~02000 20 l i 201 0 class I class II class III citywide

Fig 3+42 Yingde Noise variety in 1999-2001 29 0.110:7llS w i 2~~0999

60 50 Ostandar-d0 40- 19 30 -E20 20-

0 class I class II class III citywide 70~ ~ ~ ~ 6

Fig.3-4-3 Shaoguan Noise variety in 1999-2001

67 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

3 Residual Contaminant Fish Body Burdens

(1) Items supervised and surveyed The items supervised and surveyed include 6 items: Cadmium, lead, Arsenic, mercury, DDT and Petroleum. (2) Time limit of information collecting: The information needed come from the report of Influences to Heavy Metal Pollution within Water Conservancy Area in Beijiang Feilaixia Irrigated Project worked out by Office of Pearl River Resources Protection (Year 1986), and the information collected by Yingde Environmental Supervision and Surveying Station in 1995. The result is shown in Table 31j. (3) Supplement of surveying In order to meet -the requirement of the World Bank, supplemented sampling in the river sections of Shaoguan, Yingde and Qingyuan has been carried out one time. The result is shown in Table 3-5-2. For the information of the points to supervise the sample of different fishes, please refer to figure 3-1-1. (4) Analysis of result Through the analysis of the existing materials and the supervising result , we found out that residual poison within the fish body taken from the middle reaches of Beijiang River is rather low, especially in the 90s' thanks to the protection carried out by Guangdong Provincial Government and local government, there was a declining trend of the content of heavy metal in fish body And in 1983, after the State Council issued a prohibition order to use DDT and BHC, which harm the health of human and livestock greatly, DDT had never been traced any more within the fish in Beijiang Table J1 Analysis of residiual colntamniinant within the iwhole lnsi, of Beijiang River Year Name of Location of Cadmium L"id Arsenic Hg Petroleum DDT fish sampling ._. 1986 Carp Feilaixia area 0.035 0.057 0.13 0.007 N.D N.D (3 samples) (Qingyuan) . 1986 Carp Pearl River 0.145 2.893 0.71 0.284 N.D N.D (3 samples) DOrt section 1995 Carp Baishijiao 0.036 0.028 0.052 0.004 2.262 N.D (3 samples) area (Yingde) . Standard value of food sanitation / <0.4 / 50 <0.3 / <1 (mg/\\ .\ .k g) Table 3-5- Analysis of residual contanhiiant wh,ole kh/ (August 2002) No. Items Location of Cadmium L~; i1 Arsenic Hg Petroleum DDT sampled sampling Carp Chezhoutou 0.056 0.068 0.062 0.008 3.762 N.D (3 samples) (Shaotou) 2 Chub Baishijiao 0.032 0.025 0.048 No 2.031 N.D 1(4samples) (Yingde) ._. 3 Carp Qingyuan 0.023 0.033 0.026 No 3.139 N.D (4 samples) reach

Standard value of food / / <1 sanitation (mg/ w-.w.kg) ! <0.4 . 50 <0.3 1 Note. "N.D means NO Data.

68 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

3.6 Investigation of Sediment of River

3.6.1 Information Collection and Analysis

(I)Routine Monitoring Information of Shaoguan Mengzhou Dam According to investigation, along the river there is only one river bottom sediments routine monitoring section in Shaoguan, located at Mengzhou Dam power station. Total 6 items are under monitoring, including Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg and As. According to the monitoring information collected in Shaoguan in 1998, 1999 and 2000, all the items under monitoring met the requirements of class 3 of the "Soil Environment Quality Standard"._ (2)Monitoring Information of the Feilaixia-Dam-Lianjiankou Reach in Qingyuan City In 1997-1998, Qingyuan Environment Monitoring Station monitored 8 items including Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Hg, As and Mn in the Sediments of Feilaixia reach. The results indicate that the monitoring items meet the requirements of class 3 of the "Soil Environment Quality Standard".

3.6.2 Sediment Contaminant Supplementary Monitoring

In view of the accumulation of bottom mud contaminant for years and the characteristics of the project, Sediment supplementary monitoring analysis was conducted for the river sections in the evaluation project. (1)Monitoring section: The sampling sections are mainly located at the dredging points with relatively huge amount of works, The sampling sections include 6 sections, including Chetouzhou (S1), Baitu Town (S2), Baisha Town (S3), Kengkouzuei (S4), Jiangkou Town (S5), Zhouxin Town (S6) 6 dredging points and bottom bud monitoring points; The specific locations are in Figure 3-1-1. (2)Sample quantity: Two samples per dredging point, (3)Sampling and analysis method: the relevant evaluation guidelines and analysis and testing methods issued by State Environmental Protection General Bureau; (4) Monitoring items: 8 items, including Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, AS, DDT and Petroleum. (5)Monitoring results: compared with the soil environment quality standard, the relevant contents of the monitoring items of the sections meet the standard. See Table 3-6-1. Table 3-6-1 Scope of Beijiang River Middle Reach Sediment Monitoring Results (mg/kg) Section A, Hg Zn Pb Cd cu DDT Petroleum

_ ILg/kg)_ (g/kg) Monitoring results scope o 20.51- 0.18- 51.38- 34.57- 0.23- 41.62- Not 0.001 - the sections 35.50 0.36 78.91 73.65 0.80 67.67 -0.01 0.002

(S I-S6) ______Soil environment quality 40 1.5 500 500 1.0 400 0.5 -- standard (class 3)_*______Note:"**" the standardis determinated by SEPA & GDEPA. And the Class 3 is applied the woodland, hieht backjgroundsoil and farmland nearby te mi ne.

3.7 Soil Environment Survey

3.7.1 Situation Survey

69 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

(1) Setting sampling point: total 6 monitoring point. The locations of the monitoring points are mainly set the points in soil along the river bank as the waste disposition points, including Xilian Town's Chetouzhou (SLI), Baitu Town (SL2), Wangbu Town's Baisha Village(SL3), Kengkouzuei (SL4), Jiangkou Town (SL5), Zhouxin Town (SL6), totaling 6 soil monitoring points. See Monitoring Point Distribution Fig. 3-1-1. (2)Sampling method: Adopting cinquefoil distribution to take equal amount of soil to mix for testing and analysis; The surface layer of the soil sample should be 20cm thick. (3)Analysis items and method: PH, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, AS and DDT, totally 8 items. Analysis is to be conducted as per state soil monitoring analytical method. (4)Analysis results: see Table 3-7-1. Table 3-7-1 Beijiang Middle Reach soil environment situation monitoring data ( mg/kg, except pH), Soil monitoring point pH As Hg Zn Pb Cd Cu DDT Monitoring6.7 17.56results 0.084scope of 29.06 71.64 0.56 32.49 Nog/kg)

the sections 7.1 30.44 0.195 159.67 250.03 0.80 89.67 Soil environment qualit >6.5 40 15 500 500 1.0 400 0.5 standard (class 3)*4 ______40 Note: "**" Note:"**" the standardis determinated by SEPA & GDEPA. And the Class 3 is applied thj woodland hieht background soil and farmland nearby the mine.

3.7.2 Analysis of Results

Table 3-7-1 indicates that compared with the soil environment quality standard, the relevant contents of the monitoring items of the sections meet the class 3 standard.

3.8 A Summary on Environmentally Sensitive Spots

According the analysis mentioned above, all the sensitive spots and characteristics of them for the proiect are shown in table 3-8-1. which including water intakes, the water quality protected zones, no-fishing zones, noise sensitive spots and air sensitive spots.

70 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Table3-8-la A Summary on Environmentally Sensitive Snots Environmen Name/ Location and other characteristics Explain of particular location Target of rotection talIly with construction point Sensitive /transportation line spots 1)No-fishinM Area from 1000 m of Upriver about lkm of Proicet Fishes zone of upstream Baishiyao-Dam to section C. downriver about Baishiyao 1000 m of downstream of 30km of Proicet section B; Power Station Baishiyao-Dam in Beijiang Beiiiang water area from Upriver about 1km of Proicet Fishes 2) No-fishing converge place of Sheeang section D zone of rotection dyke and Yinyinz Nofnei D of highway to Feilaixia Dam No-fishn Foei (including discharginDm zones proiect channel). (about 2km water area) Beiiiang water area from 50 Downriver about 1km of Fishes 3) fishing zone m of upper reaches of Projcet section D between two Old-Beimiang Bridge to 50 m Oingyuan of lower reaches of New- Bridges Beiiiang Bridge. (about 2km water area_) On L.bank of river. Belonj to About 300m downstream Water q iality in 1) Tongguzhou irrigation stations. Irrigating dredging point in section A: IV class farmland about 60 ha. not in water protection area _ 2) Wushi Power On L.bank For drinking(for About 500m downstream Water qiality in Station Pep. 10.000) and industry. dredging point in section B; III class not in water protection area On R.bank of river. Belong to 400-600m down proiect site Water g iality in 3) Baishivao irrigation stations. Irrigating C. not in water protection Ill class farmland about 60 ha area On L.bank of river. Belong to About 200m nearby dredging Water q iality in g n Irrigation stations. Irrigating point in section D: not in III class Liangshughmg 60 ha for farmland water protection area On L.bank of river. Belone to About 200m nearby dredging Water q alit' in Fenghuangzui irrigation stations. Irrigating point in section D: not in III class Water farmiland bout 60 ha water protection area intakes On R.bank of river. Belong to About 300m nearby dredging Water q iality in 6) Xialiao irrigation stations. Irrigating point in section E: in water 11 class farmland bout 179 ha protection area _ On R.bank of river. Belong to About 100m nearby retaining Water alit' in 7) Lunzhou irrigation stations. Irrigating point in section E: in water 11 class farmland bout 167 ha Drotection area On R.bank of river. Belong to About 100m nearby retaining Water g tality in 8) Dashaiiao irrigation stations. Irrigating point in section E: in water 11 class farmland bout 167 ha protection area On L.bank of river. Belong to About 200m nearby dredging Water alitv in 9) Zhouxin irrigation stations. Irrigating point in section E: in water 11 class farmland bout 133 ha protection area I On L.bank For drinking(for About 300-600m Water g kality in 10) Oixingang Pep. 180.000) and industry, downstream dredging point in 11 class section E: in water protection area .

71 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table3-8-lb A Summary on Environmentally Sensitive Spots Environmen Explain of particular location Target of Fotection -tally Name/ Location and other characteristics with construction point Sensitive /transportation line Spots Water 1) Yin-de The river-section from About 8km downstream of Water q iality is quality Drinking Water Baisha to Oiaoxia of Yingde proiect site D,about more 11-111 class protection Protection Area City in Beiiian River. about 30km upstream of proiect site standard zoon 20km E 2)Feilaixia The river-section from About 5km upstream of Water q iality is Reservoir Shangken, to Feilaixia-Dam proiect site E, about more 11-111 class Drinking Water of Oingyuan City in Beiiian 40km downstream of proiect standard Protection Area River. about 10km. site D 3)OinMvuan The river-section from There are parts of Water q iali!y is Drinking Water Jiangkouxun to Huilan of construction point of proiect 11-111 class Protection Area Oingvuan City in Beiiian sites E in the area standard River. about 25km. I) Chezhoutou On R.bank Belong to village about 30-50m by the Noise I .vel is of SHAOGUAN, about 70 transportation line class 3 st indard people will be impacted _ 2)Baitu town On R.bank Belong to town about 30-50m by the Noise I vel is of SHAOGUAN, about 150 transportation line class 3 st ndard people will be impacted 3)Baisha town On R.bank Belong to town about 30-50m by the Noise I vel is noise of SHAOGUAN. about 70 transportation line class 3 st indard sensitive people will be impacted 4)Wushi town On L.bank Belong to town of about 10-20m by the Noise 1 vel is SHAOGUAN, about 200 transportation line class 3 st indard people will be impacted 5)Kengkouzui On R.bank Belong to town about 30-50m by the Noise ILvel is of YINGDE, about 70 people transportation line class 3 will be impacted 6)zhouxin On R.bank Belong to town about 30-50m by the Noise I vel is of OINGYUAN, about 50 transportation line class 3 st indard l ______peoDle will be impacted 1) Chezhoutou On R.bank Belong to village about 30-50m by the Air gu .lity is of SHAOGUAN. about 70 transportation line class 2 st ndard people will be impacted I 2)Baitu town On R.bank Belone. to town about 30-50m by the Air au lity is of SHAOGUAN, about 150 transportation line class 2 st ndard people will be impacted . 3)Baisha town On R.bank Belonp to town about 30-50m by the Air qu lity is Air of SHAOGUAN, about 70 transportation line class 2 st indard sensitive 4Wushi people will be impacted 4)Wushi town On L.bank Belong to town of about 10-20m by the Air qu Llity is SPOtS SHAOGUAN, about 200 transportation line class 2 st indard people will be impacted 5)Kengkouzui On R.bank Belong- to town about 30-50m by the Air gu ility is of YINGDE. about 70 people transportation line class 2 st ndard will be impacted I 6)zhouxin On R.bank Belong to town about 30-50m by the Air qu ility is of OINGYUAN. about 50 transportation line class 2 s indard _eoDle will be impacted

72 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

45.Analysis of Impacts

4.1 A Matrix Impact Table of Assessment on The Project

Through an analysis into the factors influncing the environment during the construction period and the outputing of various pollutants, the factors influencing the environment and identification of elements of assessment are listed in Table 4-1-1 and Table 4-1-2 below. Table 4- 1-1 Matrix impact table of assessment on the proiect _ Influencing Environment elements 3 Factors on o The Proiect Social Water Aquatic Land Air Acoustic Histo -ical X m Economyquality Ecological Ecological environment relics spurs and 0 A A ______retaining______Dredging * * A Dumping * * A o Backfilling A A _ cL in the area between two spurs field 2 Vessel * D accidents o quay and A * S transpor Construction A A 0 of rear base Opration Period A A *

Notes: Negative influence: maior: * medium: S minor: A

Table 4-1-2: A Shortlist of Selected Elements of Assessment on the Construction Period Environment Factors of Pollutant factors actorsmof Factors assessment Water quality SS, COD, petroleum products SS Air environment Dust TSP Acoustical Machinery noises on the construction site Machinery noise Environment Obiects to be Dredgstobed uHeavy metal caused pollution Heawy metal 2[redred UD~ Ecological Plankton, fish and Plankton, fish and plantpln environmeniteniomn plan

45.2 Analysis of Impacts on Water Environment

45.24.1 Time of Construction

73 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North.River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

4-.2.1.lPredicted Influences of Dredging Construction SS on the Water Quality in the Lower Reaches of Rivers (1) Mode of Prediction Two-dimensional steady-state mixed subsiding mode for plain and straight river sectionsThe two-dimensional convection and spread equation for silt motion at the unilateral river sections: dc -(My c) + (C -C =S.

In the equation, "x, y" stand for the longitudinal and lateral coordinates respectively (im); "u" is the average current velocity of water at the river sections, where pollutants are obsorbed (m/s); C is the thickness of the suspended sediments(mg/L); My is the lateral mixing coefficient (m2/s), which shall be sampled according to the recommended formula in Environmental PollutionAssessment Standards for Inland Navigation Construction Projects (JTJ227-2001 ) formulated by the Ministry of Communications; SLB iS the input speed of suspended sediments (g/s): - is the subsiding velocity of suspended sediments (m/s), Cb is the carrying sand capacity of currents.lt can be calculated according to the following formulas of experience (Literature Movement Mechanics of Silt, by Qian Ning, etc., Published by Science Publishing House in 1991) . (2) Identification of Various Parameters of the Mode The choosing of the hydrological data of the currents should be based on the designed and road-tested parameters in accordance with the Feasible Research Report on the River-Routes Treating Projects of the Middle Reaches of the Beijiang River (River Routes Between Shaoguan and Qingyuan). The landform of the riverway shall be calculated according to the river-routes map with a scale of 1:2000. And all the other parameters shall be identified on the basis of the requirements of the Rules and the Regulation, which have been mentioned above. (3) Assessment Standards of the Influence Imposed on the Water Environment The Standards of the Water Quality in the Fishery Industry (GB 11607 89) shall be adopted. (4) Prediction on the Seriousness of the Pollution caused by SS Pollution Sources The analysis on the possibilities of occurring SS in all construction sites has been delivered in the previous projects analyzing report. Now the SS emission quantity will be further detailed in the following part. (1) According to the data provided by the feasible report of the project, the basic condition of the riverbed under construction of the Beijiang River are: from the upper reaches going to the lower reaches, the main sediments of the riverway between Mengzhou Dam of Shaoguan and Wushinan and that between Baishiyao Dam and Daluodu are sand and scree. The diameter of the sand varies between 18.2mm and 25.5mm. There are few silts and suspending substances. Generally speaking, the speed of the clamshell silt dredge boat can reach 20-30m3/h. When Im3silt is dredged, 20kg SS suspending substances will be produced again if hermetical clamshell silt dredge is used. And the usage of open clamshell silt dredge leads to the reproducing of 25kg SS suspending substances. (2) The riverbed substances of the riverway between Qingyuan Feilai Canyon Dam and Qingyuan Bridge are mainly smaller sand, whose diameters are 0.3-0.81mm. Because this is regarded as the zero emission zone of pollutants in Qingyuan, there are fewer silts and organic substances, and the 74 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project sand on the riverbed here are cleaner and whiter. The main dredging machine is the suctional silt dredge boat with a speed of 80-120m3/h. This kind of dredge will produce suspending substances of about 5kg/m3 (3) According to the relevant design documents of the project, the quantity of SS suspending substances will reduce by about 40% if certain measures have been adopted during the period of dredging, such as il . in order to slow down the process of construction. Based on the previous analysis, it can be estimated that the SS pollution source has a strong capacity of causing pollution. The results can be seen in the following table 4*-2-1+ (5)Results Foreseen and Assessments Table 4-2-2and 4-2-3have illustrated the predicted results of the dredging work's influence on.the water quality at the lower reaches of the river when using the previously mentioned mode . Due to the small dredging workload of this project, the major composition of the riverbed substances, that is scree and sand with low quantity of silt, and comparably favorable water condition of the middle reaches of the Beijiang River, the quantity of SS produced is very small. Therefore, the results have shown that: (a) If no effective measures have been taken to release the production of SS, the preset assessment standards of SS density lOOm within the dredging site at the lower reaches of the river (lOmg/L according to the water quality standards in the fishery industry) can be basically reached, but at .the riverway between Mengzhou Dam and Qingyuan, especially near the water draining point of the Qingyuan Waterworks, the SS density outruns the preset standards ( 1.748mg/L larger). The water draining points, which are 300 or more than 300 meters away is less seriously affected. And when the dredging site is nearer the upstream of the river, the impact on the water draining points will become consequently smaller. (b) If protective measures, such as silt curtain, or measures of releasing the dredging workload have been taken, SS density of the water 50m near the dredge site can be basically controlled within the preset standards, and therefore its influence on the water quality I OOm farther away the downstream will be smaller. (c)According the analysisi to the project, the dredging work's impact on the water quality at the lower reaches of the river will be in short-term; it would be end when the constuction period finished. :6) The monitoring results from other projects In its document titled "EIA of the Third Phase Beijiang Bridge Construction Work in Qingyuan" (which has been examined by Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau in 2001), and the document titled "EIA in the Consolidation Project of the Bei-jiang Riverbank" (which has been examined by the SEPA in 2001), South China Environmental Science Institute has once evaluated the factors which have an influential effect on environment and observed the riverbed dredging process of the clamshell dredger (2.5-8.0 cubic meters per bucket) and suctional dredger (80-120 cubic meters per hour) along the regulation line. The observation results are listed in Table 4-2-4. At lower river reaches, during mud dredging operations if no protective measures have been taken, suspending mud and sand are normally settling out completelylOOm-300m near the dredging site; the quality of water about 400-meter near the dredging site is basically not unusual, and the water at the upper river reaches is clear. Furthermore, there is very few suspending substances brought forth by dredging waste spillage or leakage, which is ultimately discharged in the spurs-fields.

75 Table -1 ' a Estimated dredging workload and SS volume in the middle reaches of Beijiang River Maximum output of SS (kg/h) Remarks

River Reaches 3Dredging Wihu .roetv With for regulation Dredging sites Under water dredging volume (m intnsityWithout protective protective (m /h) taken measures taken ~~taken ______Niu-ErTant Nan-She tan 25074 20-30 Tong-Gu zhou 22050 20-30 Suo-Yi tan 6930 20-30 San-ba-lian- 15876 20-30 Bai-tu-zan 15876 Xiao-keng-sha- 0 0 Huang-mao-xia-tou Th_cnsrutin_or_i Mengzhou Dam- Bai-sha-nan 0 0 done by clamshell dredge Wushinan Zhi-gaoZh-a tan-a-2-0boats. 72000 20-30 750 450 work isOn-site in charge construction of the SJi-toun oun Waterway Jie tan, 35574 20-30 Administrations in Yingde Fu-tou Mount 4620 20-30 and Shaoguan. Wu-shi Power plant- 60312 20-30 Wu-shi~-nan Of which:Power plant 30156 20-30 San-ban yaoDam- 18900 20-30 Bai-shi-yao Dam -Bai-shi-yao-nan Bai-shiyao Dam Keng-kou-zui-nan 20421 20-30 ______Da-luo-du Liang-shui-jing 47175 80-120 Feng-huang-zui- 42000 80-120 600 360 Suctional silt dredge boat Da- uo-du Lao-wan Mount- Suctional Shi-san-keng 6900 80-120 dredge boat is used in the Fei-lai-xiaDam-Qing-yuan Zhu-zhan-kou- 81300 80-120 600 360 construction work. On-site city ~~Mei-keng-kou charge of the Waterway Lunzhou-Qi-xing-gang 164000 80-120 Administration in

_Hu-luling-Xiao-shi-nan 5250 80-120 Qingyuan.

76 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Table 4-2-2465 1 42 Results predicted on SS without protection measures River Sections Affected Increase of SS at Downstream of Dredging Sites (mg/L) Sites 20m 50m 100m 300m 500m 1000m REMARK MengzhouDa Tongguzhou 12.590 7.963 5.633 3.480 3.031 2.584 Irrigation m Station --- Wushinan Wushi Located Power Plant 13.207 8.353 5.910 3.704 3.248 2.763 500m at downstream Baishiyao Lingpai 11.609 7.342 5.226 3.563 3.176 2.637 Irrigation --- Daluodu Shitan Station Feilai Gorge Qixinggang Located --- Qingyuan Water Plant 18.574 11.748 8.308 5.024 4.312 3.680 300m at .______downstream Sandard Water quality standards in the fishery industry: SS increase < I Omg/L

Table 4-2-34S4.43 Results predicted on SS with protection measures Dredging Increase of SS at Downstream of Dredging Sites (mg/L) River Sections Sites 20m 50m loom 300m 500m 1000m Remark MengzhouDam Irrigation --- Wushinan Tongguzhou 7.554 4.778 3.380 2.088 1.819 1.550 Station Wushi Located Power Plant 7.924 5.012 3.546 2.222 1.949 1.658 SOOm at downstream Baishiyao Lingpai Irrigation --- Daluodu Shitan 6.976 4.412 3.141 2.141 1.909 1.585 Station Feilai Gorge ixinggang Located --- Qingyuan QWae Pant 11.163 7.060 4.993 3.019 2.591 2.211 300m at I______downstream Appraisal Water quality standards in fishery industry: SS increase < I Omg/L

Table 4-2-445 1-64 Observation Results on Existing Dredging Work in Bei-jiang River Type of Dredge Usage of Boats Dredged sand Any On-site observation recordings (observation duration: and coarse measuress about 1.5 hours) sand and gravel Winding Sold to The water around the winding head is comparatively Suctional Pearl River muddy and yellow. Around 30-meter near the dredger, Dredge Boat Delta region water and slag are basically separated into different layers. (80-120m3 ) as building None waeanslgaebsclysprtdiodfeetlyr. materials for About 150m-250m away, water is basically clear. The materals for overflow produced by fine sand/stone slag discharged by the riverbanks is clear water, with almost no silt. purposes Clamshell Sold to The water around the grab bucket is muddy and yellow. Dredge Boat Pearl River When the grab bucket rises, water about 10 meters around (0-2.5-O.8.Om3) Delta region becomes muddy. About 50-meter near the dredger , wat|er as building None and slag are basically separated into different layers. At materials for about 300-meter nearby, the water is basically clear. The commercial overflow produced by pebble slag discharged by

I purposes I _ I riverbanks is clear water, with almost no silt.

77 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Therefore, one can safely concluded that the predicted results are fundamentally the same with that of the on-site observation of the past sand dredging work conducted by the commercial dredger at the middle reaches of the Beijiang River. To sum up, although the suspending substances producing dredging construction does have unfavorable impact on the quality of the water about 100m around the construction site, this influence is generally acceptable here, and its influence on the quality of water near the downstream draining points of waterworks and fishing grounds are also acceptable. However, because part of the dredging site between Feilai Canyon Dam and Qingyuan Bridge is located within the water source protection area of Qingyuan, in order to ensure that the dredging SS will not affect the water quality, no on-site dredge can be done neither without the approval of the relative local administrations and departments nor before effective pollution prevention measures have been taken, for example the usage of Silt-Proof Curtain or measures to slow down the process of dredging construction. 45.2-.1.2 Analysis of the influence of waste water of the dredger on the downstream water quality According to the analysis of the project, the amount of grease wastewater coming from the dredge boat is 0.7t/d. The dredger is usually equipped with a separator of oil and water. After being treated by the separator of oil and water, the discharged oil density of the grease wastewater in the engine rooms of the ships is below 15mgfL, and the amount of oil discharged to the environment is 10.5g/d. The wastewater will be discharged into broad water area only when the oil has been separated from water. According to some similar experience, under this situation the wastewater of the dredge boat usually has light impact on the environment, which here mainly refers to the water in the river. 4-.21.1.32 Analysis of the impact of the sewage water Sewage water is produced by two groups of people: the working personnel on the construction site on land, and the working personnel on river. The per capita sewage water produced by these working personnel is about 60g COD. Each vessel is furnished with 8 persons. Then each construction point discharges 0.48 kg per day on average (COD concentration at 200mg/L). If 50 construction workers are employed, then the COD domestic sewage produced is about 3.0kg/day. As what has been planned by the construction contractor, most of these working personnel are to be arranged to live in the rented houses in towns and villages near the quays along the regulation line, in order to cut down the quantity of the sewage water discharged directly into the river. Therefore, domestic sewage will not constitute a major influential factor on water quality. 4.2.1.4512 Analysis of the impact of Solid waste in daily life Solid waste means primarily the garbage chucked away by construction workers. Suppose that every worker -will cause 1.0 kg solid waste per day on average, and if there are 80 workers, then on each working day there will occur 80 kg solid waste. This project will adopted relevant prevetion measures, such as gleaning solid wastes as to alleviate its influences on environment. According the analysisi above to the proiect. the construction period impact on the water quality at the downstream reaches of the river will be in short-term: it would be end after the constuction period finished. Thev may recover in a certain period after the construction ends.

4.2.25.21.2 Analyzing Influence on Water Quality in the OperationSei4ee Period

78 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

4-.2+.2.1 Analyzing Standard of Influence on Water Environment Discharging pollutants from boats in channels will be in the charge of the Standardof Discharging Pollutantsfirom Boats in Channels (GB3552-83). 4._-2+.2.2 Prediction of Ship Flow The number of ships will increase, but not too much, and the tonnage of ships shall be limited within 300 tons when the guarantee rate is 95% because the channel is wider and deeper after the completion of the channel renovation project. It will reach 10- 30% from 2005 to 2030. On the other hand, the types of ships in the channel will be adjusted in a certain level. According to the predicted results of goods transportation in the feasible project, certain change of ship type also has occurred, including the increase in the number of ships with containers for goods and also that of bulk freighters. There will be no large change in the number of passenger ships and other types of ships except for possible decrease. Thus it can be seen that the container transport and ships with large tonnage are the mainstream of development while the number of passenger ships and other small ships will reduce year by year. This phenomenon isjust the same with the recent development of water transport. %4.24-.2.3 Category of Discharging Pollutants from Ships and the Treatment l 4pHil4 4 '(, i H4.I the discharged pollutants from ships in Beijiangwill include wastewater with oil, daily sewage and garbages. It is predicted that the amount of discharged pollutants from ships will reduce because of the stricter navigation standards and the control of proportion of ship types. The reason mainly lies in that large ships, such as container ships, have pollutants treating and collecting facilities of oil sewage anddaily sewage and garbages. The reduction of numbers of passenger ships and small ships will cause the possibility of reduction of discharging pollutants. Thus, discharging pollutants will be reduced by a large margin. 2._+.2.4 Analysis of Influence Caused by Pollutants from Ships a) Influence on water quality The water quality of the whole midstream of Beijiang River is comparatively better than that of other rivers in Guangdong Province. Along the bank ofthe Beijiang River, there are many water draining mouths of main waterworks, The target of water quality control is Grade 11-111 at the river section between Yingde and Qingyuan, in which there are the water resource protection areas of Yingde City and Qingyuan City. If the wastewater and daily sewage with oil without any treatment are directly discharged into the river, not only the water in the river channel will be polluted, but the water quality in the said protection areas will also be affected. Especially in the channel of Qingyuan City, every year the pollution of water caused by the pollutants discharged from stranded ships is serious. b) Influence in other aspects The garbage poured into the river from ships may pollute the water and affect the visual scenery of the river if the garbage is floating on the water. That will not only damage the conditions of the river and also cause diseases. Some of the garbage with oil will consume the oxygen in the water, which will threat fish, and let out undesirable smell. The garbage deposited in the water will change the natural living conditions of hygrophilous animals and plants, and even cause the metastasis or disappearance of certain living things. On the other hand, the garbage with less density may be drifting about or sending under the water and accumulating at water area with -less hydrodynamic conditions, or even flushed to the beach, in which case it will have a hidden adverse impact on the environment of the beach. c) Management of ships 79 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

As for the future management of ships and for the purpose of reduction and externination of the resource of pollutants, the treating equipments of pollutants on the ships shall be installed. The pollutants will also be centralized and collected at beach. Every effort will be taken to reach the standard of discharging pollutants after treatment from ships in order to reduce the pollution of environment as much as possible. Meanwhile, law on ships control in the channel must be implemented strictly. This will reduce the pollutants from ships and therefore reduce their effect on the water quality in the river channel and thus guarantee the favorable environment of the riverway.

4.35.2 Analysis of Impacts on Ecological Environment

4.3.15. 24 Content of Analysis of Impacts on Ecological Environment The analysis aims at the improvement of the construction method of the project concerning its impact on ecological environment within the analyses range, and will be carried out according to the above-mentioned research result. The analyses method is analogy based on collected information. The content of evaluation includes: a) Analysis of impact of the project on aquatic system of ecology; b) Analysis of impact of the project on vegetative system of ecology.

4.3.245.32.2 Analysis of impact of the project on aquatic system of ecology 4.3.2.145.32.2.1 Analysis of the impact of construction on fish Based on the result drawn from the public consultation, the latest project feasibility report has taken a further step in improving the construction method. During the project, there is no construction site in the three no-fishing areas.7 Therefore, this project will bring no direct impact to the fish habitat, though some indirect impacts are inevitable during the construction.-Thev may recover in a certain period after the construction ends. They are showed as followirng: According to the investigation of the fish resource, the migratory fish in Beijiang River are mainly composed of Macrurareevesii, Angullia and Siniperca kneri. Macrurareevesii belongs to the migratory fish. Most of them live in Sanyi at the mouth of the North River, and a few wander at the upstream to Qingyuan. The spawning season of them is from February to May. Siniperca kner, the spawning season is from April to June, and in the spawning season,, the fish usually spawn at night when the water temperature is above 19 C, and often at the rushing bay of the river. Because there are no facilities for the fish to pass the construction of Feilaixia Complex, the migratory routeway of fish is cut, and the reproduction of the migratory fish will be impacted in some degree. According to the investigation, the fish in the North River and its branches are mainly composed of Semilabeo notabilic and four home fish. The spawning sites of Semilebeo notabilic peters are distributed in different parts of the river; the four home fish inhabit the riverside, river bay, and in the river branches or small rivers, but they will return to the river forspawning and reproduction. According to the above-mentioned characteristics of fish inhabitation, the dredging and retaining of the project will have some indirect impact on the migration, moving and feeding of the fishes. Therefore, the construction timeing will be selected to avoid timing of the fishes'

80 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project spawning season, and some measures such as the installation of uii!'.ri"u should be taken to prevent the impact of the sediment on fishes. 4.3.2.24..-:t'.'.'Analysis of the impact of construction on other creatures who used to bait in the river The construction will cause turbidity of water body, thus to influence the photosynthesis of hygrophilous plants directly or indirectly and cause the reduction of generated oxygen in water body. But this only occurs in a small area of water body and will not generate great impact on the whole water body. And the hygrophilous creatures have better adaptability. They may recover in a certain period after the construction ends. The construction will cause the water body to be muddy, and its iLr.inn;mrtmc, 1ot 1' will be lower. This will influence the photosynthesis of hygrophilous phytoplankton. More over, it may increase the percentage of diatom among the hygrophilous phytoplankton, which may cause certain changes to the population of hygrophilous phytoplankton. For the pelagian and benthos, if the content of silt in the water is large, the efficiency of filter feeder may be reduced, the community structure of pelagian and benthos will be subsequently changed, and the density of population will be reduced. It can be seen from the project analysis and the result of water quality prediction that this kind of impact is slight. The greatest impact of this project to hygrophilous ecological environment is that it damages the living conditions of benthos. According to the calculation in the result of project analysis, the sediment and dredging work in the project (including digging and filling) will damage about 1450000 m2 of the habitat of benthos in the river; more than 10 kinds of benthos will be affected directly or indirectly. The quantity of affected biomass for per square meter is 52.5-521.5 g. According to the investigation on water ecological status, the species of plankton and benthos in the North River all belong to the common ones, and no rare and important species exist. They have good resistance against factitious interference and are good at reproduction, so the project will not have direct impact on the fish species. n . ,! i. \ i>. .' :1. ',:i

______l______However, in order to protect the water ecological environment, some measures should be taken to control and narrow the impact scope, and to reduce the impact on the bait creatures. Such measures include the installation of mud-prevention screen, reining up the intensity of dredging work and so on. 4.3.3-.'. Analysis of the Impact of Construction on Vegetation 4.3. 1 .`.3.1 Impact on Biomass In these areas, the plant kinds are simple Most of them are the accompanying plants of human or the plants with the characteristics of anti-interference. Concerning the project itself, the revetment project damages some boskage and bamboo grove. Thus the project itself has only a little impact on plants. But the commercial stone pits supplying stone materials for the project have relative greater impact on the biomass loss of vegetation on the ground. The estimated result of biomass loss in these areas is showed in Table - . The biomass losses caused by stone pits are about 805 tons. The biomass of vegetation damaged by revetment project is relatively less, i.e. the quantity is no more than 5.6 tons (calculated as boskage of 10000 M2 ). But it is worth mentioning that the bamboo groves along the Beijiang River are the most common type of vegetation, distributed most extensively in these areas. They are important sceneries of rivers and lakes in Southern region and have important functions in bank protection. Bamboos grow very fast, and have considerable economic value. They should be

81 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

protected in every effort. After completion of the projects, the bamboo groves will be planted on the banks and beaches where the underground water level is higher. Table 4-3-1 Biomass Loss of Vegetation of the Earth's Surface Caused by Digging at Quarries (Estimated) Vegetation Vegetationbiomass of trees biomass of ~biomassloss of lossbiomass of Total Loss Stone pit area layer(kg/ m2) bushwood trees layer (t) (t) 2 (MIn ae( n) (kg/ mn) tree laer bshod t Chishui 3600 0.2072 0.25 0.75 0.90 1.65 Gantang 40000 2.5980 0.20 103.92 8.00 111.92 Wushi 50800 0.5665 0.10 28.78 5.08 33.86 Danganshan 18600 1.0013 0.40 18.62 7.44 24.06 Longtousha 13800 2.8933 045 40.06 6.23 46.29

Yuantan 138800 4.0272 0.20 558.97 27.76 586.73 Total 265600 / 55.41 804.51

4.3.3.2 Vegetation Protection and Recovery According to the above analysis of impacts, some good work should be done in recovering the vegetation after the revetment, such as planting grassland and Bambusa brevifolia(zkfi) along the river bank and add vegetation in the commercial stone pit. With experience learned from other project in Guangdong Province, the project team propose to plant Acacia confusa (0.5A4), pine tree, shrub and other vanguard vegetation species, since they can grow easily and recover the vegetation in the stone pit gradually.

4.453 Evaluation of the Impact of Dredging Wastes on Ecology

4.4.134Evaluation of the Harm of Dredging Wastes to Ecology

According to the survey results, at the 6 monitoring sections (SI-S6) along Beijiang River, the bottom mud monitoring items basically meet the "soil environment quality standard". The potential ecological hazard index evaluation method set by the Sweden scientist Hakanson offers a standard for evaluating the potential risk of the sediment to the ecological system. The potential ecological risk index is the sum of the potential ecological risk coefficients of the heavy metals in the sediment. The calculating method is: RI= LE, (J0-1); E, =T, i C, (10-2); C,= Cmi/ Cr, (10-3) In the formula: RI is the potential ecological risk index, Ei is potential ecological risk index of the heavy metal element of i, Ti is the toxicity response coefficient of heavy metal of i, Ci is the geochemistry abundance ratio of heavy metal of i, Cmi is the content of the element of I in the sediment, and Cri is the reference value used in calculation. Take the highest geochemistry background value in the world before industrialization (see Table 4-4-1--4) as the reference value used in calculation and take the recommendation value (see Table 4-4-15-3+ determined by Hakanson based on the element toxicity test and element geochemistry abundance ratio as toxicity response coefficient. The ecological risk index may indicate the potential impact of the heavy metal in the sediment, and Table 4-4-25-34 shows the division standard of the ecological risk degrees of different index values. Hakanson method is adopted in calculating the ecological risks of different sections. See Table 4-4-3-533. The results show that all the ecological risk indexes of the bottom mud samples are less than 150,

82 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

indicating that the wastes of this project have little impact on the ecological system. Therefore, the sediment can be used as general construction material or be used to refill the groin field.

Table 4-4-1 Reference Value and Toxicity Response Coefficient Used for Calculation of the Ecological Risk Index Pollution Parameter A, Hg Cr Pb Cd Cu

reference value (mg / kg) 15 0.25 90 70 1 50

Toxicity Response Coefficient 10 40 2 5 30 5

Table 4-4-2 Grading Standard of Potential Ecological Risk Index Potential Ecological Risk Index Degree of Ecological Risk <150 Slight Ecological Risk 150-300 Middle Ecological Risk 300-600 Strong Ecological Risk >600 Very strong Ecological Risk

Table4-4-3 5 33 Riverbed Bottom Mud On-the-spot Survey Results and Evaluation Section No. Dredging point location Potential Ecological Risk Index SI Chetouzhou, Xilian Town, 135 Qujiang County S2 Baitu Town, Qujiang 104 County S3 Baisha Village, Wangbu 84 Town, Yingde S4 Kengkouzuei, Wangbu 94 Town, Yingde S5 Jiangkou Town, Qingyuan 58 S6 Zhouxin Town, Qingyuan 52

4.4.2534 Analysis of Impact of Waste Dump (Disposal Area) Chapter 2, Project Overview, clearly indicates the locations of the waste dumps, the amount of waste, land type, land size, the water quality requirement of the area and the target of environmental protection, etc. The known waste dumps are mainly located at the sandbank and Groin field at the two banks of the river, and the sensitive environmental protection targets include Wushi Power and Water Plant, (downriver 500m) , Qixinggang Water plant( (downriver 300m) and several agricultural irrigating stations. Among the construction sections, there are 12 work areas locate in the water source protection area, including Lunzhou-Qingxinggang in Section ED, where dumping of wastes violiates the ordinance of environmental protection on the water source protection. According to the characteristics of the composition of the bottom sediments of Beijiang Middle Reach (coarse sand and gravel and sands) as well as the above evaluation on ecological risks of the bottom mud, the wastes have certain impact on the ecology, but the risk is slight. But in view of protection of the water source protection area, it is recommended that the dredging waste of the Lunzhou-Qingyuan Bridge river section shall not be disposed of in the filed or sandbank near Ggroins, but at the low-lying land about 500m far from the bank (because the land protection area

83 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project of the water source protection area is within 500m), Therefore, it is recommended that the dredged waste(sand mainly) can be -r4d as general construction material ul-'i be used in the revetment or refilling the groin field in the upper reach which does not belong to the water source protection area directly

4.5&Analyses of Impacts on Air

Dust emission in the construction process is the main factor of this project influencing the environment air; the representative pollution index is gross suspending granule. Because the construction period is long, and the construction of the main projects are in low water period, and also because of the dry air and high wind speed in the autumn and winter of the year, dust emission in the construction process can produce certain impact on the air. On the basis of analogical investigation analysis, this report will give a comprehensive consideration to the characteristic of pollution source intensity in the project construction process and the pollution weather characteristic in the project area, and utilizes the methods of model forecast and analogical analysis to forecast the impact of dust emission in the construction and transportation process on the air of nearby objects. 4.5.1- The analyses of source intensity of dust emission For waterway rectification project, the rectification measures usually include damming, dredging, blasting of rock outcrops and so on, aiming to widen and enlarge the size of waterway, and keep the stability the waterway, so as to realize the adjustment of flow velocity, the lowering of admission value of shipping, the improvement of flow condition, and the expedite waterway. The air pollution source of this project is mainly from dust in the process of mechanical digging, filling, loading and unloading, mixing, and transportation during the construction, and from dust emission in the process of transportation. The comparative research results of dust emission in the process of project construction are shown in Table 45-1 -. According to table 4-5-1-, the uppermost sources of dust emission in this project are the running of trucks on the temporary road and wind striking in the construction scene. Table4l--1 The comparative research results of dust emission in the process of project construction Work area Work types Dust emission. (kg/d) Soil area Unloading from material-carrying truck 0.75 Wind corrosion in the building site 46.1 Soil material The digging of the grab and soil pulling of the bulldozer 36 Site Material loading of the truck 0.48 Wind corrosion in the building site 36.5 Embankment Material loading of the truck 0.48 building site Material unloading of the truck 0.75 Soil pulling of the bulldozer 36 Wind corrosion in the building site 36.5 Transportation The passage of trucks on the branch of the temporary road 432 Route The passage of trucks on the branch of the cement road 213

84 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

4.5.2- :.' Transportation Line, Operation Sites, Material Fields According to the explanation in Chapter2, it is known that the traffic along the Northern River is rather convenient. On the east bank the main road is Yin-Ying (Qingyuan-Yingde) Road (named S203), and every village or town has suburban road leading to the docks on the both banks of the river. 65% of the suburban roads are paved with concrete and others are paved with sandstone, so it is sure that the traffic can meet the demand of field construction and it is not necessary to construct extra traffic ways and temporary docks or widen any road for the project. The traffic programming during the project is shown in figure 2-2 and 2-3. The docks on both banks are enough. The materials needed during the project can be conveyed by truck to the nearest dock and then shipped to the construction field, thus much land will not be needed temporarily. Task-Group has testified through investigation that the docks needed by the project would include Chetouzhou dock, Baitu dock, Wushi dock, Kengkouzui dock, dock near Jiangkou town, dock near zhouxin town and so on. These docks will be used for transmitted construction materials, mainly stone, and sandstone secondly. The above-mentioned docks are showed in figure2-2 and 2-3. Local supply of construction materials: Construction materials needed by the project, like large scale concrete, stone and sand, should be purchased in the nearest market as a rule, and the sources of the materials are Shaoguan city, Yingde city and Qingyuan city, no more than 5-l5Km far from the construction fields. According to the consultation and investigation to local environment department, country-land department and constructors of sea-route bureau, all the stones needed for this project are from local stone mines, belonging to local town or village (including Gantang Town and Chishui Town of Shaoguan city, Baishiyao village and Guanyinyan village of Yingde city, Yuantan town of Qingyuan city), and run by private institute legally. There are no villages near the mines. The locations of the stone mines, for the project, are shown in and table 2-3 in detail. Due to the reason that we only need a small quantity of sand for the project (about 2660 cube meters), the sand can be purchased from the local legal provider along the bank of the river.

4.5.3- The analysis of the impact of dust emission

According to comparative research, TSP concentration increment values in the air produced by dust emission in the process of construction, and transportation on the condition of average wind speed are obtained in table 4-5-2 Table 4 Daily average of TSP concentration increment values (mg/m3) ( Average wind speed) Activity Orientation 20m 30m 50m 70m Dust emission from dike Leeward 0.18 0.12 0.05 0.01 construction Dust emission produced by dike Side wind 0.09 0.06 0.02 0.005 construction Dust emission produced by Leeward 0.45 0.36 0.20 0.08 transportation Dust emission produced by Side wind 0.31 0.22 0.12 0.03 transportation Dust emissiorl produced by Leeward 0.10 0.07 0.04 0.01 pilingI Dust emission produced by Side wind 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.005 p ilin g I ______I_ _ _ _ I__ _ _ _ I__ _ _ _ I__ _ _ _

According to the data about environmentstatus, the daily average TSP concentrations in Shaoguan, Qujiang, Yingde, and Qingyuan are respectively 0.14, 0.12, 0.20, and 0.14mg/mi3 According to the above comparative forecast results, without taking dustproof measures, after

85 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

superposing present concentrations, the following conditions are obtained: 1) On dike construction site, TSP concentration reaches the evaluation standard outside 30m on leeward condition, and outside 20m on side wind condition; 2) On both sides of the transportation road, TSP concentration reaches the evaluation standard outside 70m on leeward condition, and outside 50m on side wind condition; 3) Outside the piling site, TSP concentration reaches the evaluation standard outside 20m on leeward condition, and outside 1Om on side wind condition. Because the above-mentioned construction sites of this project are set within the dike, and use the existing legal material sites, roads, and docks, this project will not make new sensitive areas. TSP concentrations in the sensitive areas near the existing material sites, roads, and docks used in the construction of this project will increase, but the affected scopes are limited in the areas near the site. After taking suitable dustproof measures, TSP concentration increment can be controlled to a certain degree. So the impact of the construction of this project on the TSP of surrounding areas is slight.

4.5.4.7.-.7 The analysis of the impact of dust emission on the residential areas

According to the above comparative forecast results, on both sides of the transportation road, TSP concentration reaches the evaluation standard outside 70m on leeward condition, and outside 50m on side wind condition. The investigation of the sensitive areas along the transporting route showes that Chetou Village, Baitu Town, Wushi, Kengkouzui, Zhouxin Town, and Jiangkou Town are all within 50 meters from the road, so the TSP produced on the transporting road will impact the residents in these villages and towns. As a result, some measures should be taken to reduce the influence of TSP.

4.6- The analysis of the noise produced by the project

4.6.1- Noise source intensity and noise forecast

The mechanical equipments used in the construction of waterway rectification project: dredger, bulldozer, concrete agitator, gross motorboat, tugboat, concrete pump, etc. The forecast results of noise produced by all kinds of mechanical equipments in different distances in the construction period are shown in table 4-6-1 Table46 -1 The forecast results of noise produced by all kinds of mechanical equipments in different distances IdB (A)l Serial Types of Noise source Noise forecast value No. machines characteristic Sm lOm 20m 40mi 50m lOOm Tugboat Moving unsteady 63 57 53 499 source 2 Dredger Moving unsteady 73 67 S 53 source 3 uldoe Moving unsteady 86 80 74 68 66 60 4 Generator Fixed steady 98 92 -6 80 78 72 ______~~~source______5 Truck Movin unste'ady 78 72 66 60 58 52 ______~~~source______6 Concrete Fixed steady 88 -82 76 64 64 58 a_gitator source 7 Concrete Fixed steady 85 79 73 67 65 59 PUMP source 8 Air-operated Unsteady source 85 79 73 spanner

86 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

4.6.2-. Objects that may be impacted by transportation noise The construction of the project is executed mainly on the water, and belongs to the moving construction along the river. Stone, sand, and other building materials are transferred at the existing transportation docks along the river, and piled at the temporary construction sites. The main objects influenced by the construction of the project are residential areas and sensitive areas near the transportation routes and the piling sites, and there are no residential areas and schools within the scope of estimation. According to the reconnaissance on the construction route, the main roads on the east bank of Beijiang River are Yinying Road (Qingyuan-Yingde)(S203) and the simple transportation route leading to the operation docks on both banks of Beijiang River. The residential areas (the distance is about 50m with road) involved by the project are: Chetou Village, Baitu Town, Wushi, Kengkouzui, Zhouxin Town, and Jiangkou Town. The positions of the above residential areas are shown in Fig. 2-3. According to the reconnaissance on the construction route, there are no residential areas near the above docks.

4.6.3- Analysis of noise caused by operation boats According to the waterway map, the central line of Beijiang River waterway is 100-200m from the both sides in general, and the distances reach 500m in some river stretches. So the construction on waterway surface has little impact on the sensitive areas along both sides; while stone transportation trucks have certain impact on the sensitive areas along both sides. As illustrated in the supervision studies performed by our institute on EIA of Chencun Water Channel of Guangdong (2000), the noise level of a horn at 200 meters away from the operation boats is about 75-85dB, and will have a transitory impact on resident along the bank, so the ships of the project are forbidden to horn according to relevant regulation. While the sound level of a diesel engine at 200 meters away from the sailing vessel is about 50-6OdB.The noise standard along the waterway banks basically reaches the class 4 of Regional EnvironmentalNoise Standard of the City, so the impact of the shipping noise on the residential and business area is quite slight.

4.6.4- Analysis of noise caused by transportation According to the forecasting result, the transportation noise along the transporting road cannot reach the class 4 of Regional Environmental Noise Standardof the City until 50 meters away. So the resident within 20 meters far from the road will be impacted by the noise. These impacted villages include Chetou Village, Baitu Town, Wushi, Kengkouzui, Zhouxin Town, and Jiangkou Town. Therefore, measures must be taken to reduce the noise pollution and the intensity of the transportation noise.

4.7-The analysis of the impact on the safety of ships and roads during the construction period

According to the analysis of the construction period of the project, because of the small amount of general construction quantity, long construction route, dispersed construction sites, 4-year construction period, the broad Beijiang River waterway, wide sand beach, and good construction condition within the dike, the normal transportation of ships in the whole construction period is seldom influenced. According to the actual observation on the gathering site of the existing construction dredgers on

87 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project the surface of the river, the numbers of ships and the construction proiect in different construction sites have only a slight impact on the normal operation of the waterway, So the scientific management in the construction period, the reasonable arrangement of the construction procedure, the optimization of the construction intensity, the overall consideration of the construction plan in the construction site and the transportation of the existing waterway will make the construction of the whole project more favorable to the safe transportation of the waterway. During the constuction period, trucks and other construction vehicles will congest roads that are used for material transportation. According the engineering feasibility report. the main construction material needed is stone, and it will not cost much work in transportation. Furthermore. the traffic on this route is comparatively not so busy in existence. During the construction period, trucks and other construction vehicles will not congest roads that are used for material transportation. Even though the traffic lam will occasionally occur. it will be solved and the normal transportation will be maintained under the regulation of the local transportation management staff. Anyway. in order to assure the normal and good traffic condition. truck drivers should be well informed on traffic safety, appropriate signs should be displayed on the roads. and staff if necessarv should keep traffic order.

4.8-The analysis of the impact of the project on drainage facility

The economy of the towns and villages along the middle stream of Beijiang River is not developed, and Beijiang River is the main source of industrial, agricultural, and living water in towns and cities. The distribution and explanation of water supply facilities affected by this project are shown in Fig2-2a, b. Most of these water supply facilities belong to the multi-functional medium-size or small-size intake facilities built in 1960-1970, and some of them have been stopped from using. They are mainly used for farmland irrigation and drainage, the water use in fishpond, water use in enterprises, etc. These water supply and drainage facilities are mainly designed and built according to the past hydrological condition. Water intake is underground self-irrigation pumping, and is usually designed on the hydrological condition of the furthest low water. There are no drainage gates or large urban drainage system on any of the rectification river sections. So, according to the analysis on the feasibility report of the project, the rectification project of waterway will result in the temporary or permanent changes of partial hydrological elements in the process of the construction and after the construction. The change scope is slight, so the impact on the water supply and drainage projects on both banks is also slight.

4.9- The analysis of Conservation of Water and Soil

This Chapter is based on the plan of conversation of waler and soil of Beijiang Middle Reach (Shaoguan--Qingyuan) Channel Improvement Works submitted by Guangdong Water Conservation and Water Electricity Academy. The purpose of the channel rectification works is to improve the channel depth and navigation conditions in low flow period. During the period of construction, the water level is low and the improvement buildings are low. And only when the water level is equal to the dam, the water flow will be restrained from enhancing the ability of moving the riverbed sediments, making the river meet the designed

88 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project channel depth. The scope of the water improvement works is very small, and it will not impact the two banks of the river or cause the problem of soil erosion. The cutting works are mainly implemented in dry season, and the improvement line will be long, with excavated volume of about 250,000m 3. During the process of construction, some loose excavated soilwill cause soil erosion in rain scouring. Calculate as per accumulating slope soil erosion modulus of 12,800t / km2 with soil erosion period of two years, the volume of soil erosion of such works will be 3200t, so the excavation works will be the key point for prevention of soil erosion in this project. The bank protection engineering earthworks volume will be 28,800m3 . In the flood period, all the buildings will be deep in the water. With increase ofwater level, the water depth of the top of the buildings will increase, which will lose the function of improving the water level and will not constitute threat to the river banks. In the flood period, the main factors endangering the banks and the embankments are big runoff, high flow velocity, turbulence caused by hard rocks at high water level, waves caused by wind and by boats. According to the feasibility study of the engineering, the current embankments are all built by the water Conservation departments, with flood control altitude, embankment deployment, structure, flood control and flood draining capacities unable to meet the flood control standard, and the influence of soil erosion is slight. So in this rectification work, treatments will be done to the bottom of the improving buildings, and to the length and width of bottom or partial quays, while no measures will be taken for the banks and the embankments. In general, the possibility of soil erosion of this work is slight. The soil erosion mainly appears in the cutting excavation process, but this process will last only for a short time. The interim measures of conversation of water and soil and reinforced non-engineering measures may be taken to enhance construction management so as to further control the soil erosion.

4.10 Analysis of Influence on Cultural Relics

According to the preliminary survey on the cultural relics within the scope of the BeUiiang Middle Reach construction section. bank revetment and the material excavation ground. there are important ancient relics that should be excavated at the construction area of the waterway rectification project. So the project construction will have no direct influence on such cultural relic. (for details. read the special report on cultural relics !

4.11 Analysis of Influence of Risks and Accidents on Freight

4.11.1 Analysis of Freight Situation and Estimation

(1)Situation According to the statistics of freight flow situation. the goods under freight downward on Beiiiang River mainly include coal. metals. minerals, cement. wood and other daily articles (including grain. fertilizer, agricultural byproducts, industrial consumer goods etc). In 2000 the freight volume was 1.7905 million tons: the goods under freight upward to Beiiiang River mainly include petroleum. fertilizer. pesticide. machinery, electrical appliances, light industrial products and medicines, and in 2000 the freight volume was 1.4495 million tons. From the foregoing chapters. it is obvious that the water freight volume declined during 1999-2001. (2MEstimation According to the relevant data of the national economy development along the line, the water 89 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project freight goods at the Beiiiang River system will still be the minerals, building materials and coal. As the highways between the regions. especially the Shaoguan-Yingde-Oingvuan-Guangzhou high-grade highway. are more and more developed, most of the pesticide. fertilizer and chemicals and medicines will be transported through highway. so the proportion of water freight volume will be reduced, 4.11.2 Survey of Frequencv of Accidents According to the interviews among the departments of environment protection. water freight. agLriculture. fishing and communications in Qingyuan. Yingde and Shaoguan. for the last 15 years since middle 1980s. no water transportation accident on the Beijiang river channel has been recorded. It is obvious that the water transportation accident rate is low. This may be attributed to low traffic volume. small ships's density, good river navigation conditions. and small ship tonnage that is easy to operate. 4.11.3 Analysis of Influence of Transportation Accident on Environment According to the above survey. the main goods under freight on Beijinag River are non-dangerous goods of building materials (cement, sands. coarse sand and gravel), minerals. coai. grains and woods. and the dangerous goods of pesticide, fertilizer and chemicals account for only a small percentage (occupying 0.01-2.78% of the annual total freight volume), As the possibility of transportation accident is very low on Beiiang. the influence of transportation accident on the environment is little.

90 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

5. Cumulative and Indirect-induced Environmental Effects

Assessment

It is the World Bank's requirements for borrowers to conduct Cumulative Environmental Effects Assessment (CEEA), in order to assess the impacts resultine, from a series of similar proiects (existing, proposed or planned) within a defined environmental system and having a similar scope of impacts, and to conduct Induced or Indirect Environmental Effects Assessment (IEEA). in order to assess the impacts resultine from induced or indirect proiects that will proceed oniv if the proposed proiect proceeds on a defined environmental system. It was discussed and reached an agreement between the World Bank Working Group and Environment Consultation Team for the proiect during the 3rd discussion, March 2003. Shaoguan. Guangdong. China. that The CEEA and the IEEA should forn a separate chapter of the Environmental Impact Assessment report. This chapter S includes two parts: CEEA and IEEA.

5.1 Cumulative Environmental Effects Assessment (CEEA)

5.1.1 The Rationale

In line with the requirements by the World Bank, a combination of series of similar proiects will collectively alter the environmental balance of a receivine system, and may result in net long-term degradation of a system or region. The World Bank lists, therefore, four "tests" that can be applied to a proiect to determine the need to conduct a CEEA, e.g., Test 1: a series of similar sub-components of the proposed proiects that will impact a common receivine svstem: Test 2: existing and future projects withi the critical aspect of similaritv of the proposed project within one receivill,n envirolinment systeml: Test 3: the natiure of the proiect not the responisible party or project proponient: and Test 4: all project componients vill create siiijlar impacts during both construction and operationi phases to a comimlon receiviin systemil. The North River (Shaoeuan-Qineyuan Section) waterwva) regulation sub-component is alontg the North River, Shaoguan to Oingyuan section. Along the waterway section, three dams have been constructed and formed reservoirs, which have the potentials to greatly improve the navigation condition of the North River waterway (Shaoguan-OingYuan). The proposed project aims to take the advantages of improved navigation conditions in the three reservoirs formed by the existing dams in order to further improve the whole North River waterway (Shaoguan-Oingyuan).

5.1.2 Relative Proiects and Their Cumulative Environment Effects

91 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Along the North River Shaoguan to Oingyuan section, existing three dams, three shiplocks, and relative three reservoirs formed by the dams, and the sub-components of the proposed waterway regulation proiect laying out alonre the three sub-sections along the North River Shaorzuan to Oinzyuan section. may cumulatively impact the North River environment, mainly focusing on aquatic ecosystem, aguatic living resources, and water quality, especially drinking water quality. While the cumulative impacts of the existing projects and proposed proiect on the terrestrial environment system may restrictedly limited or negligible from the professional judgments based on the experiments learnt from the previous projects in the similar environment systems in Guanedong province and other regions in China.

5.1.3 Cumulative Environment Effects Assessment

Cumulative Environment Effects Assessment for the proposed North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) wvaterway regulation and the relative existing projects along the North River Shaoguan to Qinegvuan section is summarized in Table 5-la and Table 5-lb for the construction plirase and operation phrase respectively. Table 5-l a Cumulative Impact Matrix Table of the existing projects and the proposed project, Construction Phase Project Activity Site Road Site Dwellinq Quarry & Waste Material Construction Construction Material Sourcing Disposal _ &Transport Valued Ecosystem Components Air Quality NCI NCI NCI NCI Water Quality NEI- NEI-- NEI- NEI-- SS, organic SS, organic SS. organic SS, organic materia Is materials from materials from materials from domestic wastewat( r the sites directly the sites directly the sites directly from the sites direc yv and indirectly and indirectly and indirectly and indirectly discharging into discharging into discharging into discharging into the the river. the river. the river. river. Water Circulation NC] NCI NCI NCI Aguatic Substrate NE1-- NEI- NEl- NEI-- Sediment from Sediment from Sediment from Sediment from the the sites mav the sites may the sites may sites and domestic increase in the increase in the increase in the wastewater may reservoirs formed reservoirs formed reservoirs formed increase in the by the dams. by the dams. by the dams. reservoirs formed b L ______~~~~~~~dam ~~thes. Sediment Quality NEI- NEI- NEI- NEI-- Sediment from Sediment from Sediment from Sediment from the the sites may the sites may the sites may sites and domestic increase in the increase in the increase in the wastewater may reservoirs formed reservoirs formed reservoirs formed increase in the by the dams. by the dams. by the dams. reservoirs formed b L the dams. Fish NCI NCI NCI NEI- Light negative cumulative impacts on fish in the reservoir may occur. Dther Aquatic Ecological NCI NCI NCI NEI- Resources Light negative cumulative impacts n

92 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

other aquatic ecological resource 3 in the reservoirs ma v occur. Benthic Community NEI- NEI- NEI- NEI-- Sediment and SS Sediment and SS Sediment and SS Sediment, SS. and concentrations concentrations concentrations animal and plant fa increased increased increased concentrations resulting from the resulting from the resulting from the increased resultina activities reduce activities reduce activities reduce from the activities the light reaching the slightly the slightly reduce the slightly the bottom, and reaching the reaching the reaching the botton . impact the bottom, and bottom, and and impact the Primary impact the impact the primary Productivit Productivity and Primary Drimary and relative organis ns relative productivity and Productivity and of the benthic organisms of the relative relative community. benthic organisms of the organisms of the community. benthic benthic communitv. community. Terrestrial Environment NCI NCI NCI NCI Terrestrial Vegetation NCI NCI NCI NCI Terrestrial Fauna NCI NCI NCI NCI Birds and Bird Habitat NCI NCI NCI NCI Rare and Endangered Species NCI NCI NCI NCI Ecologically-sensitive areas - NEI- NEI- NEI- NEl-- aguatic SS, sediment SS, sediment SS, sediment SS, sediment and impacts. impacts. impacts. domestic wastewat r impacts. Ecologically-sensitive areas - NCI NCI NCI NCI terrestrial I Protected areas NEI- NEI- NEI- NEI-- SS, sediment SS, sediment SS, sediment SS. sediment and impacts. impacts. impacts. domestic wastewater impacts. Valued Socio-Economic Components Loss of farmland due to NCI NCI NCI NCI inundation EmploVment NCI NCI NCI NCI Recreation NCI NCI NCI NCI Commercial fish harvesting NCI NCI NCI NCI Navigation NCI NCI NCI NCI Electricity generation NCI NC! NCI NCI Resettlement NCI NCI NCI NCI Note: NCI stands for no cumulative impacts: NEI-stands for sliphtly (-) necative cumulative impacts: NEI- -stands for slightly to medium (--) necative cumulative impacts.

Table 5-lb Cumulative Impact Matrix Table of the existing projects and the proposed project. Operation Phase Proiect Activity Site Road Shipping Wastes I Shi pinq Valued Ecosystem Components Air Quality NCI NCI NCI Water Quality NEI- NE!-- NCI SS, organic materials Directlv discharging into SS. sediments distur )ed discharging into the river. the river. by the vehicles. Water Circulation NCI NCI NCI Aquatic Substrate NEI- NEI- NEI- Sediment may increase in Sediment may increase in Sediment may increa se in the reservoirs. the reservoirs. the reservoirs.

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Sediment Quality NCI NEI- NCI Polluted by the shipping wastes. Fish NCi NCI NCI Other Aquatic Ecological NCI NCI NCI Resources - _ Benthic Community NCI NEI- NCI Sediment and SS concentrations may increase to reduce the slightly reaching the bottom, and impact the primary productivity and relative organisms of the benthic community. Terrestrial Environment NCI NCI NCI Terrestrial Vegetation NCI NCI NCI Terrestrial Fauna NCI NCI NCI Birds and Bird Habitat NCI NCI NCI Rare and Endangered Species NC! NCI NCi Ecologically-sensitive areas - NCI NCI NCI aquatic Ecologically-sensitive areas - NCI NCI NCI terrestrial _ Protected areas NCI NCI NCI Valued Socio-Economic Components _ Loss of farmland due to NCI NCI NCI inundation Employment NCI NCI NCI Recreation NCI NCI NCI Commercial fish harvestinq NCI NCI NCI Navigation NCI NCI NCI Electricit _generation NCI NCI NCI Resettlement NCI NCI NCI Note: NCI stands for no cumulative impacts: NEI-stands for slightly (-) negative cumulative impacts: NEI- -stands for sli2htlv to medium (- -) negative cumulative impacts.

5.2 Indirect/Induced Environmental Effects Assessment (IEEA)

5.2.1 Social - Economic Development in the Watershed

The re-ion benefits from the proposed North River (Shaoguan-Oinreyuan) section waterway regulation project covers Shaoguan and Oinevuan municipal areas, mainly the areas of Shaoguan city. Quiiangz County, Yingde City. Oingyuan city, and the towns and villaeges located at the North River. Also, the receivinr. environment system of the proposed proiect and the closely relative induced and indirect projects is the North River watershed within the geographical areas covered by Shaoguan and Oingyuan. 5.2.1.1 Present Social-Economic Situation in the Watershed The improvement of the North River waterway will improve the waterway navigation conditions. agriculture and fishery in the relative areas, thus bring some favorable influence to the social economic development in these areas. (1) Oinzvuan

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Qingyuan aims to "go from rags to riches and reinvigorate Qingyuan with civilization" and to make Qingyuan as the backyard of Pearl River Delta. In recent years, Qingyuan has achieved good performance in social economic development, and the GDP2000 reached RMB15.523 billion, 7.7% higher than that of 1999. The agricultural economy has obtained a sustainable development, with a gross value of agricultural output of RMB9.323 billion in 2000, 4.5% higher than that of the previous year. The agricultural structural adjustment is enhanced. The grain planting area is reduced while the area for growing other commercial crops like vegetables is increased. The forestry production and ecological forests plantation are accelerated, and the ecological environment is further improved. The animal husbandry and aquaculture develop rapidly. The industrial production keeps growing. The gross industrial output value reaches RMB 11.32 billion in the whole year, with an increase of 6.0% comparing the previous year. The investment on fixed assets is increasing rapidly, with 55.31 % of the fixed assets investment of the whole year completed, 9.3% higher than that of the previous year. In the whole year, the utilized foreign capital reached US$186.45 million, 1.8% higher than that of the previous year. The tourism develops rapidly, and scenic spots in the city received more than 2.85 million visitors in the whole year, 14% higher than that of the previous year. The science and education undertakings are developing steadily and the residents' living standard is further improved. The average annual salary for workers in the whole city is RMB 8,690, about 13.6% higher than that of the previous year. The per capita income of the peasants is RMB2, 991, about 9.8% higher than that of the previous year. (2) Yingde

Yingde is a county-level city administrated by Qingyuan. Although it is located at the mountain area, its social economy is going upward steadily in recent years. The GDP2000 of the city was RMB 3.463 billion, 3.7% thani that of the previous year. The agricultural economy grows continuously, with gross value of agricultural output of RMB2.505 billion in the year, 2.58% highler than that of the previous year. The output of the aquatic product was 63,178 tons, the gross value of industry output was RMB 1.444 in the year, and the total social freight volume was 8.27 million tons, including water freight volume of 1.69million tons. (3) Shaoguan

In 2000, national economy in Shaoguan increases steadily, with GDP of RMB20.22 billion in the whole city, 9% higher than that of the previous year. The agricultural economy grows steadily. With big structural adjustment, the gross agricultural output reached RMB7.412 billion in the whole year, 4.7% higher than that of the previous year.

The industry production grows steadily, and obvious increase in industry has been realized.

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The gross industry output reached RMB21.478 billion in the whole year, 9.0% higher than that of the previous year. The investment on fixed assets grew rapidly, and the investment on fixed assets was RMB7.8 billion in the whole year, 11.3% higher,than that of the previous year. The utilized foreign capital reached US$176 million in the whole year, 9.5% higher than that of the previous year. The tourism develops rapidly. Scenic spots in the city received more than 3.06 million visitors in the whole year, 14% higher than that in the previous year, attracting tourism revenue of RMBI.258 billion.

The science and education undertakings and technical development are growing steadily, with medical and health conditions and the sports undertaking further improved. The people's living standard is further enhanced, and the annual per capita income of the peasants reached RMB 3,804, about 5% higher than that of the previous year. 5.2.1.2 Social-Economic Development Master Plan in the Watershed (1) Qingyuan City a) Urban Area Development Master Plan According to the general city plan of Qingyuan, the Qingyuan city development aim is positioned as: portal at the back of Pearl River Delta, a political, economic and cultural center, combination of industry, trade and tourism, with focus on light industry processing, a modern garden riverside city with good ecological environment. b) River Banks Development Master Plan Within the City According to the planning, the areas of the two banks of Beijiang River are planned to be scenery regions with emphasis on tourism and entertainrment. The area between Jinbi Garden and Lunzhou Island, southern bank, is planned to be riverside green land. The Feilaixia Scenic Spot is evaluated as a scenic spot of national grade. Along the river, the main scenic spots on the south bank include: viaduct, violet bamboos, Zhongtan, Xitanyinyue, Yuzhouchangwan etc. On the north bank are Baihmiao Folk Culture Village, Jushixuanteng, Feilai Temple, Qiandaogufeng, Baihuatan, and Xiajiangbeilin etc. (2) Yingde City a) Urban Area Development Master Plan

According to the general city plan of Yingde, the Yingde city development aims at: a political, cultural and communication center, a composite city with focus on building materials and processing industry, tourism, and sports undertaking. b) Two Banks Plan of Beijiang River Within the City According to the planning, the areas along the two banks of Beijiang are planned as: dividing the beach lines into natural beach line landscape and building beach line landscape. The former focuses on the natural landscape of water body, grass, flowers, and trees as background, and the latter on the buildings of different styles as the setoff. The two landscape lines form a water area beach line landscape zone. In addition, the riverside Scenic Spots also include the Guanyinyan, 20

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km from the city proper.

Waterway tourism: based on the plan, Wangpu-Yingcheng-Qingyuan Feilaixia waterway tourist route will be developed, along with the mountains at both sides of Beijiang, Baojingong Scenic Spot, Guanyingyan and Feilaixia scenic spot. (3) Shaoguan City a) Urban Area Development Master Plan According to the general city plan, during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the economic development in Shaoguan is focused on heavy industry, especially the non-ferrous metallurgy and steel industry, integrated with advantages of different industries. The focus of industry will be at tourist zone and catering production, with construction industry as the means, the agriculture as the basis and the transportation industry and post and telecommunication industry as the links. b) Two Banks Plan of Beijiang River Within the City According to the planning, the areas of the two banks of Beijiang are planned as the following: with landscape as the link, creating three series of landscapes of mountain, water, and city, making the mountains, waters, and the city mingled with each other, and creating the feature of "Landscape City". Along the banks of Beijing River, there are Beijiang Island Riverside Trade Town, Mengzhouba Water Amusement Center, etc.

5.2.2 Main Economic Activities Relative to the Proposed Project

The freights on Beijiang River mainly include coal, cement, mineral building materials and other goods. So it is obvious that with the improvement of the navigation in the North river, economic activities in the upper reaching areas will enjoy certain growth, such as the building material industry, agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, tourism and other industries. 5.2.2.1 Coal Freight Increase but the Coal Output in the Watershed Decrease The coal is the traditional freight goods on Beijiang River, mainly from Shanxi and Hunan Provinces in the central and northern China. In 2000, the coal freight volume through Beijiang was about I million tons. While the coal freights through the North River in 2005, 2010, and 2020 are estimated 1.3 million tons, 1.57 million tons, and 1.96 million tons, respectively. According to the regulation on the management of mineral resources set by Guangdong provincial government and the local governments by the North River, most of the private coalmines had been closed or will be closed, and the vegetation will be planted on the mining sites. Consequently, the ecological environment in the upper areas will be recovered and improve greatly. The coal output in the northern area of Guangdong will decline dramatically. It can be concluded that the coal fright through the North River will have positive indirect effects. on the North River watershed. 5.2.2.2 Cement Production

The cement is the traditional freight goods on Beijiang River; mainly from Qujiang and Yingde. Guangdong province has given its emphasis of cement production to the above two cities.

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The river navigation is one of the economical and reasonable transportation way for cement. In 2000 the cement freight volume through Beijiang was 0.4355 million tons, and after Beijiang rectification, the cement freights through the North River in 2005, 2010, 2020 are estimated 1.18 million tons, 1.62 million tons and 2.94 million tons, respectively. Obviously, induced expands of the cement plants along the North River will increase the impacts on the local environments. 5.2.2.3 A Limited Increase of Mineral Building Material Freight At present, the mineral building materials (sands and coarse sand and gravel) are mainly excavated at the river channel of Beijiang River Middle Reach, mainly exported by shipping. In 2000, the freight volume throughi the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) was 0.413 million tons. Thanks to the strict control on the sands excavation volume on Beijiang Middle Reach by the local water conservancy department, the mineral building materials exported from Beijing River in 2005, 2010, 2020 are estimated 0.45 million tons, and effort wvill be taken to control it under this level. It can be concluded, therefore, that the Limited Increase of Mineral Building Material Freight will have only negligible impacts on the regional environments. 5.2.2.4 Other Goods Shipping through tthe North River Other goods shipping through the north river include agricultural and forestry byproducts, electronic processing, light industry and medical products, and chemical materials. The Northern area is the forestry production base of Guangdong Province, where the forestry byproducts and the ecological environments are well protected and exploited under the strict regulations for natural resource reservation. According to statistics, the forestry byproducts freight volumes in 2005, 2010 and 2020 are estimated 28 thousand tons, 33 thousand tons and 60 thousand tons, respectively.

5.2.3 Overall Indirect Effects of the Social-Economic Development in the Region

5.2.3.1 Favorable Influence to the Regional Environments From the above descriptions and analysis about the of situation and general city plan It is obvious that concerning the economic development situation along the two-bank area of Beijiang River, the river channel freight scale is rather small. freight volume in Shaoguan accounts for 3% of the total social freight volume, and Qingyuan and Yingde account for about 20-24.6% (including the statistics data of the freight volume of the branches). The planning and construction along the line are mainly on the tourism landscape ievelopment and river channel freight. The waterway rectification and the.bank protection work will deepen the river channel and reduce the soil erosion of the two banks and deposit of mud and sands, thus to reduce boats jamming to a certain extent to save the cost of goods transportation and :o be favorable to the tourist development and shipping along the line, especially in Qingyuan and

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Yingde. 5.2.3.2 Adverse Influence to the Retional Environments

The adverse influences of the proiect on the social economy mainly appear during the construction period. See other chapters on environmental influences.

5.2.4 Cumulative Impacts in Operation Phrase 5.2.4.1 The Demand of the Proiect

From a viewvpoint of the social-economic development, the demands for the proiect are as the following:

1) The North River Middle Reach run through the northern mountainous area of Guanedone Province, where the natural conditions set very strict limitation to the highway system development. North River waterway regulation aimed by the proposed project to improve the navigation for shippine transportation in the North River Shaoeuan-Oingyuan section has certain preparative advantage, and therefore wvill provide a convenient transportation way to the regional social-economic development. 2) Different industry sectors developed alone the North River middle section supply a lot of materials that need to be transported outside. In this region, the shipping transportation in the North River Shaoguan-Qingyuan is one of the main transportation ways added to land transportation. The shipping transportation capacity in the North River Shaoguan-Qingyuan section resulting from the strict waterway conditions has frequently caused ship iamminc in the past. Ship iamming happened most freguently in the Oingyuan section, which causes a great threat to the water quality of the drinking water source protection zone. The proposed proiect will help the sustainable development of Oingyuan and other areas in the North River basin. 3) Tourist resources are rich along the North River Shaoguan-Oingyuan section. The improvement of the waterway will benefit to the tourism industry development in the North River Basin. 5.2.4.2 l'ossible Effects of the Economic Activities Relative to the project Previouls analysis shows that the improvement of the shipping condition after the proposed proiect will drive the development of relevant industry sectors. The industrial development in the region will inevitably bring influences on ecological environment in the North River basin. The previous analvsis also indicates that the influence of the industrial development in the region to the environment is small. 5.2.4.3 Mitigatory Measures for the Cumulative Effects 1) Prosperity of shipping transportation will lead to the increase of ships. and in turn, more ships will discharge more contaminants to the North River if the ship wastes are not controlled effectively. The effective administration is necessary for the increasing ships, and for the wastewater caused by the ships shall be treated by the wastewater collection and treatment

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facilities set up at the main wharfs. The wastewater treated shall not be discharged until it can meet the standard. The wastes of the ships shall be sent to the wharf for collection before being transferred to the municipal garbage disposal plant, and shall not be discharged without permission. 2) The development of minine industry and building materials is closely connected to the local natural resources. If such resources are not under comprehensive development, scientific manaZement and orderly utility. it will cause waste and will accelerate exhaustion of the resources. So in the process of exploiting such resources, reasonable plan and site selection shall be conducted carefully to avoid environmental problems. 3) The possible environmental problems from development of the local agriculture include: the farmland utility is reinforced while the land maintenance is neglected, and increased use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide will lead to new pollution. Unreasonable plantation of the farmland resources will cause new soil erosion. In view of these new environment problems, it is necessary to make overall plans and take all factors into consideration for comprehensive planning and scientific administration to solve the old and new problems with new agricultural technology. such as development of "high-tech farming with high yields and high returns" and solid ecological agriculture, conducting prevention against plant diseases and insect pests, and adopting effective and low-toxicity pesticide to minimize the influences of agriculture on environment.

5.2.5 Existing Manaaement Framework and Programs for the North River

Environment protection, irrigation, navigation and other relative departments to the management of the North River along Beijiang, each has its own responsibility and has developed management programs for the North River.

I The Comprehensive report on ship programming in the Pear River basin made by the office of ship programming of the Pearl River, 1993.

2 General development master plan and Environmental protection programs of Shaoguan City. 1996.

3 General development master plan and Environmental protection programs of Yingde City, 1995.

4 General development master plan and Environmental protection programs of Qingvuan Cit. 1993.

5 Water quality protection programs in the North River made by Guangdong environmental protection bureau, 2000.

6 Clean Water Proiect of Guangdong Province issued by Guangdong Province Government. 1997.

7 Reports on the synthesized management plan for the river water in Shaoguan represented by Shaoguan irrigation bureau. 2000. 8 Reports on the synthesized management plan for the river water in Oingyuan represented by Oingyuan irrigation bureau, 2000.

9 Shipping Waterway Administration Regulations issued by Guangdong Province People's Congress, 1995.

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6.Mitigation measures, Suggestion and Budget for Project

6.1 Mitigation Measures and Suggestion on Water quality

During the dredging construction period, the following mitigation measures should be taken to protect the water environment. ( I ) The environmental protection matter in surrounding water area should be fully emphasized during the dredging construction period. The dredging construction within the water protection area in Qingyuan should not be operated without permission of locad EPB. Extensive sections of exposed river bank in various construction areas will be protected from erosion by use of geotextiles to protect the water from pollution; and he task of water quality monitoring should be well enforced in the stage of construction. (2) Employing advanced construction equipments according whith the nation relevant technique request, optimizing construction techniques During construction in river sections between Qingyuan Feilaixia gorge and Qingyuan Beijiang Bridge and between Yingde Baishiyao and Daluodu, owning to the sand deposit property of riverbed, hydraulic dredging equipments with low pollution (such as Suction dredger)should be employed to reduce mud leakage and re-suspension during dredging. (3) The contractors should consult with and get authorization from the project office before starting the work. arranging the number, location and dredging schedule of watercrafts to reduce the stirring strength and influence extent of the dredging area and its bottom deposit, especially to reduce the dredging strength towards river sections between Lunzhou IQ Qixinggang and the downstream reach of Wushi power plant. When dredging along the wate intake zone of water supply, the construction must notify water plant carefully monitor water quality , and temporarily cut water supply when necessary. Because the period of highest demands on potable water usually in daytimes, construction should be operated at night, to avoid affecting water supply as far as possible. (4) When constructioning watercrafts have site-fixed operation, are at anchor in the water area, ship anchoring and or are having construction encamping, the construction watercrafts should select rational environmental protection measures based on the condition of the construction sites property, so as to avoid accidents of water area pollution by ship contaminants. Among them, the oil-containing sewage generated by construction ships watercrafRs must be collected and processed uniformly by oil-water separator, and then discharged when reaching the disposal standard. The sewage generated by the work staff at the construction watercrafts should be reduced to the lowest degree. And the disposal of trash from the construction crafts should strictly abide by the Disposal Standardfor Watercrafis Poll.

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6.2 Mitigation Measures and Suggestion in Dredging Sediments

Disposal

In the process of removing of dredging sediments, the following measures should be taken: (WLAccording to the of riverbed deposit in Beijiang, the contents of organic material and heavy metal in dredging sediments are little, so the harm to environment caused by them is negligible Considering the water source protection area in Qingyuan, however, it is suggested that the dredging sediments should not be placed in areas between groins. But in low-lying areas 500 meters from the river shore (the land protection range of water source protection area), and that protection measure should be taken to preserve water and soil. Therefore, according to the newly Possibility report of Beiiiang. the dredging sediments (mainly containLsand and scree)_all will be used in the revetment or the refilling of areas between groins for the Pwjecj. The deposition in these areas will further enhance the river regulation created by the spurs and the channel dredging. (2-) When digged silt and earth stone pile are temporarily placed on riverside, the locations should be selected based on the standard that they are not easy to be eroded, such as low-lying beach, and the simple cofferdam and barrel-drain should be built beforehand to prevent direct influx into river and small quantity of slop of the sediments. (i-) To guarantee construction security during dumpage of dredging sediments and rational operation of periphery river-route and other water area functional sections, the obvious signs should be set outside the dumpage sites, to facilitate construction ships enter and practise dumpage task, and avoid unnecessary pollution accidents. Meanwhile it should be performed with permission of administration department. (4-) The dredging crafts must strictly follow the proposed channel alignment and dispos of dredged sediments the sediments in the dumpage sites. It is forbidden to discharge the sediment beyond the appointed dumpage sites. According to the experience of dumpage practice, it is important to follow the above rule in order to reduce the impact on the water environment around the dumpage sites to the minimum degree. Some personnel can be arranged to supervise the dumpage actions if necessary. (6) No leakage is allowed when the dredging crafts transport the sediments to the dumpage sites. At the same time, the construction group should have close contact with the local weather report department, so that precautions can be taken in advance in case of bad weather. For example, they can stop dredging or dumpage when the know it is going to rain. (7) It is necessary to have a good performance at the sediments monitoring during construction.

6.3 Mitigation Measures and Suggestion on Air Environment

In order to protect the air environment in the residential area along the transportation route,

102 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project the following mitigation measures should be taken during the construction period. ( I ) The dropped trash in construction docks should be cleared regularly, supplemented with necessary measure of spreading water to repress dust, no less than two or three times each day, to keep ground without flying dust. To spray water on roads within 50m near Chetou Village. Baitu Town. Wushi, Kengkouzui. Zhouxin Town. and Jiangkou Town. (2) When vehicle carrying earth stone pile, sand gravel stuff, cement and other building materials enters the site, it is necessary to cover stuff that generates dust easily with cloth, limit velocity of passing vehicles, decrease falling gap of loaded materials, and avoid leakage caused by gale weather or road wallow. (3) According to the local dominating wind orientation and distribution of sensitive points in surrounding environment, piling field and concrete mixing field should be reasonably arranged during construction. such as 200 m or more away from and. if possible. lee-side of the residential areas. Meanwhile the stuff of easily flying dust should be piled in warehouse and covered with cloth. (4) The construction management department should pay attention to weather forecast in construction area, and do well in the flying dust prevention works. Measures of spreading water, covering and suppressing stuff in the bad weather conditions of great wind and dryness should be taken. (5) Construction sections should cooperate with local environment protection inspection staff, to strengthen inspection to key district, such as near Chetou Village. Baitu Town. Wushi. Kengkouzui. Zhouxin Town. and Jiangkou Town. and survey the TSP concentration in atmosphere circumstance so as to supply data for effective control of TSP pollution. (6) It is necessary to carry out air monitoring during construction.

6.4 Mitigation Measures and Suggestion on Construction Noise

( I ) To reasonably arrange the operation time (construction will be forbided in nighttnme) of docks and schedule of ship construction and strengthen supervision and management of construction docks and transport routes. to avoid impact on sensitive points in surrounding circumstance. (2) To select with priority the construction equipments according with the nation relevant technique request and low noiseand concentrate on the regular maintenance and repair of construction equipments for keeping their good running status. (3 ) To regulate and administer uniformly the construction vehicles and control the vehicle flow density. To effectively decrease the times of horning when entering the leave fields and installs noise suppressor of vehicles for effectively reducing impact of traffic noise on surrounding circumstance. (4) To carry out noise monitoringgduring construction.

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6.5 Mitigation Measures and Suggestion on Land Ecological

Environment

The prefered order of mitigation measure to reduce the ecological impact is: avoidance, reduction, restoration or rebuilding, and compensation. In the factual implementation, the reconnaissance and selection of guarrv is based on the synthesized considerations of location factors, including repair engineering section, demand capacity, transport condition, stone stuff and reserve. Therefore, the emphasis of mitigation measure is reduction of ecological destroy, and to restore the ecological system similar to or more eminent than the existing status after stone mining. ( I ) To Reduce Ecological Influence via Optimizing Choice of Ouarry Because the quarry is pre-selected basedon the engineering demand capacity, the reserve of stone in every field is abundant. It is proposed to choose and mine the stuff fields with little vegetation covering, small biological mass quantity, and bad ecological quality, under the circumstance of good road and transport conditions, but retain the stuff fields with good natural vegetation structure and eminent ecological quality. (2) Compensation for Environmental Impact and Rebuilding of Ecological Circumstance If some organic species and ecological circumstance are affected by the engineering, the engineering group will compensate by the means of restoration of similar ecological circumstance with same species. Because the organisms destroyed in the engineering are local common species, the restoration of ecological circumstance can be fulfilled by means of planting the local species. In deed, the newly constructed ecological system shouldn't be thoroughly the same as the forner one; the restoration should be fulfilled based on the actual conditions and optimizing combination choice of species. (3) Take measures of soil and water conservation in quarry site. Use the earth bags to prevent the soil erosion during the construction. Accordinn to the local condition. bermude. Iawngrass. and axonopus compressus can be planted on the riverbank and Quarry sites .

6.6 Mitigation Measures and Suggestion on Aquatic Organisms and

Fishery Resources

(I ) To dredge in separate section manner and decrease the dredging intensity so as to benefit the adaptation and restoration of fishery resources and organisms. (2) The construction time shouldn't conflict the reproducing and growth season of fish resources that is usually from May to July for dominating fish species in Beijiang River. (3 ) The construction units should consult fishery administration department, to guarantee the least loss of fry. After construction, the construction units should pay some economiccompensation to the administration department through negotiation, providing some capital to buy fry and cooperating with fishery administration department in fry breeding to restore

104 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project fishery resources

6.7 Emergency measures of unexpected traffic accidents

It is suggested that the waterway management department should intensify the supervision to the ships transporting toxic and harmful materials. The transportation of dangerous materials should be registered to the public security departments of communication. Relevant managerial staff and the employed should get on-the-job training, and those on duty must hold license so as to prevent the accidents of leakage from happening. In case of leakage accident, such responsible departments as the public security department, the environmental protection department and the communication department must be informed in time, and the personnel, vehicles, facilities and medicines should be well organized in the emergency treatment so as to control the influence area of the accident to a minimum scale.

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6.8 Summary of Environmental Mitigation Measures and Budget

Table 6-8-1 Summary of Environmental Mitigation Measures Cate ory Mitigation measures Implemented Su ervising Estimated cost Project design phase Air pollution 1. Choose the constructing site; Design & the Project Enforcement Negligible 2. Arrange place for workers' living area. Construction Office or Proiect 3.Choose the access road and quarry contractors Companv Noise 1. Choose the constructing site; Design & the Project Enforcement Negligible pollution 2. Choose the line of transportation of construction material; Construction Office or Project 3. Arrange the constructing scheme. contractors Company Water 1. Choose the constructing site; Design & the Project Enforcement Negligible environment 2. Arrange the constructing scheme. Construction Office or Proiect 3. Select the address and size of the spurs/grions, contractors Companv 4. Carefully study and demonstrate the normal storage level during project design. Ecological 1. Arrange the detail constructing scheme; Design & the Project Enforcement Negligible environment 2. In the main bank, increase and strengthen the embankment and add Construction Office or Proiect new facility of bank protection. contractors Companv 3.To reduce ecological influence by optimizing choice of quarry; Safety 1. Exchange the information of constructing scheme with local traffic Design & the Project Enforcement Negligible department, local govemment department, etc. Construction Office or Project contractors Companv Others 1. The mitigation measures must be written into the Bidding Documents, Design & the Project Enforcement Negligible and the contract documents must ensure the implementation of mitigation Construction Office or Proiect . measures. contractors Company

io6 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Construction phase Water (a)The environmental protection matter in surrounding water area should be fully emphasized Construction the Project 3640,OOORM pollution during the dredging construction period. The dredging construction within the water protection contractorsGD Enforcement B area in Oingyuan should not be operated without permission of locad EPB. Extensive sections Office or Project of exposed river bank in various construction areas will be protected from erosion by use of Companv geotextiles to protect the water from pollution, and he task of water quality monitoring should MEPB's and be well enforced in the stage of construction. GDEPB (b)Employing advanced construction equipments according whi th the nation relevant technique request, optimizing construction techniques During construction in river sections between Oinpvuan Feilaixia gorge and Oingvuan BeiHiang Bridge and between Yingde Baishiyao and Daluodu. owning to the sand deposit property of riverbed, hydraulic dredging equipments with low pollution, such as Suction dredger should be emploved to reduce mud leakage and re-suspension during, dredging. (c)The contractors should consult with and get authorization from the project office before starting the work. arranging the number, location and dredging schedule of watercrafts to reduce the stirring strength and influence extent of the dredging area and its bottom deposit, especially to reduce the dredging strength towards river sections between Lunzhou to Oixinggang and the downstream reach of Wushi power plant. When dredging alone the water intake zone of water supply, the construction must notify water plant carefully monitor water quality, and temporarily cut water supplv when necessary. Because the period of highest demands on potable water usually in daytimes. construction should be operated at night, to avoid affecting water supply as far as possible. (d)When constructioning watercrafts have site-fixed operation. are at anchor in the water area. ship anchoring and or are having construction encamping, the construction watercrafts should select rational environmental protection measures based on the condition of the construction sites property, so as to avoid accidents of water area pollution by ship contaminants. Among them, the oil-containing sewage generated by construction ships watercrafts must be collected and processed uniformly by oil-water separator. and then discharged when reaching the disposal standard. The sewage generated by the work staff at the construction watercrafts should be reduced to the lowest degree. And the disposal of trash from the construction crafts _ should strictly abide by the DisposalStandard for Watercrafts Poll. .

10T Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Noise (a)To reasonably arrange the operation time (construction will be forbided in nighttime) of Construction the Proiect 300,OOORMB pollution docks and schedule of ship construction and strengthen supervision and management of contractors Enforcement construction docks and transport routes, to avoid impact on sensitive points in surrounding circumstance. Office or Proiect (b)To select with priority the construction equipments according with the nation relevant Company vehicle technique request and low noise and concentrate on the regular maintenance and repair MEPB's and of construction equipments for keeping, their good running status. GDEPB (c)To regulate and administer uniformly the construction vehicles and control the vehicle flow density. To effectively decrease the times of horning when entering the leave fields and installs noise suppressor of vehicles for effectively reducing impact of traffic noise on surrounding circumstance. (d)To carry out noise monitoring durinp construction. Air pollution (a) The dropped trasli in construction docks shotild be cleared reg_Ularly, supplemented with Construction the Proiect 300,OOORMB necessary measure of spreading water to repress dust, no less than two or three times each day. to keep ground without flying dust. To spray water on roads within 50m near Chetou Village, contractors Enforcement Baitu Town. Wushi, Kengkouzui, Zhouxin Town. and Jiangkou Town. Office or Proiect (b)When vehicle carrying earth stone pile, sand gravel stuff, cement and other building Company materials enters the site, it is necessary to cover stuff that generates dust easily with cloth, limit MEPB's and velocity of passing vehicles, decrease falling gap of loaded materials, and avoid leakage GDEPB caused by gale weather or road wallow. ©DAccording to the local dominating wind orientation and distribution of sensitive points in surrounding environment, piling field and concrete mixing field should be reasonably arranged during construction, such as 200 m or more away from and. if possible, lee-side of the residential areas. Meanwhile the stuff of easily flying dust should be piled in warehouse and covered with cloth. (d)The construction management department should pay attention to weather forecast in construction area, and do well in the flying dust prevention works. Measures of spreading water. covering and suppressing stuff in the bad weather conditions of great wind and dryness should be taken. (e)Construction sections should cooperate with local environment protection inspection staff. to strengthen inspection to key district, such as near Chetou Village. Baitu Town. Wushi, Kengkouzui. Zhouxin Town. and Jiangkou Town. and survey the TSP concentration in atmosphere circumstance so as to supplv data for effective control of TSP pollution. (f) It is necessary to carry out air monitoring during construction.

lo8 rnvlronmenrat Impacl AssessmenrJor ivorfn-river(anaoguan--cjlngyuan)waterway reguiauion rrojeci

Ecological 1. Ecological restoring should be at the same time with the finishing of construction at each Construction the Project 700,OOORMB environment quarry and sediment-discharging site. And it should be combined with the reservation of soil contractors Enforcement and water. The bamboo destroyed in the revetment should be restored as far as possible. Office or Project 2. To dredge in separate section construction manner and decrease the dredging construction Company intensity so as to benefit the adaptation and restoration of fishery resources and organisms. MEPB's and 3. The construction time shouldn't conflict the reproducing and growth season of fish GDEPB resources that is usually from May to July for dominating fish species in Beijiang River. 4. The construction units should consult fishing administration department, to guarantee the least loss of fry. Afler construction, the construction units should pay some economic compensation to the administration department through negotiation, providing some capital to buy fry and cooperating with fishery administration department in fry breeding to restore fishery resources. 5. Use the earth bags to prevent the soil erosion during the construction; 6. Take measures of soil and water conservation in quarry site. 7. According to the local condition, bermude, lawngrass, and axonopus compressus can be planted on the riverbank and- Ouarrv sites. Safety L. Before constructing of the project, notify the society in order to avoid the influence of the Construction the Proiect Negligible water traffic order. contractorsGO Enforcement 2. Investigating the amount of the traffic, optimizing the route for construction vehicles, and WB Office or Proiect avoid constructing material deliveries at the rush hours of traffic. Company 3. Request the construction vehicle drivers to obey the traffic rules, thus ensuring the safety of MEPB's and all those driving. GDEPB6eeal 4. Take care of hygiene of construction workers at building site, to prevent the infectious EPB and disease and epidemic disease. GPEP4 .

109 LJnvLrunmenr imrnpuct linei.nen: jur ivurrn-frtverronuuguun-LngyLuun) vuierwuy negutuiuon rrujeci

Dredging (a) According to the newly Possibility report of Beiiiang. the dredging sediments (mainly Construction the Proiect 200.OOORMB sediments contain sand and scree) all will be used in the revetment or the refilling of areas between contractors Enforcement groins for the proiect. The deposition in these areas will further enhance the river regulation Office or Proiect created by the spurs and the channel dredging. Company (b) When digzed silt and earth stone pile are temporarily placed on riverside. the locations MEPB's and should be selected based on the standard that they are not easy to be eroded, such as low-lying GDEPB beach, and the simple cofferdam and barrel-drain should be built beforehand to prevent direct influx into river and small quantity of slop of the sediments. ©To guarantee construction security during dumpage of dredging sediments and rational operation of periphery river-route and other water area functional sections. the obvious signs should be set outside the dumnpage sites, to facilitate construction ships enter and practise dumpage task, and avoid unnecessary pollution accidents. Meanwhile it should be performed with permission of administration department. (d)The dredging crafts must strictly follow the proposed channel alignment and dispose of dredged sediments the sediments in the dumpage sites. It is forbidden to discharge the sediment beyond the appointed dumpage sites. According to the experience of dumpage practice. it is important to follow the above rule in order to reduce the impact on the water environment around the dumpape sites to the minimum degree. Some personnel can be arranged to supervise the dumpage actions if necessary. (e)No leakage is allowed when the dredging crafts transport the sediments to the dumpage sites. At the same time. the construction group should have close contact with the local weather report department, so that precautions can be taken in advance in case of bad weather. For example. they can stop dredging or dumpa-e when the know it is going to rain. (f)lt is necessary to carry out the sediments monitoring during construction.

110 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Others (a). Environmental inspection and administration the Project 850,OOORMB Enforcement Office or Project Company MEPB's and GDEPBeeial- EPB and

Operation phase Traffic It is sugaested that the waterway management department should intensify the supervision to Locad WB & Locad WB & accidents the ships transporting toxic and harmful materials. The transportation of dangerous materials GDWB GDWB should be registered to the public security departments of communication. Relevant managerial staff and the employed should get on-the-job training, and those on duty must hold license so as to prevent the accidents of leakage from happening. In case of leakage accident, such responsible departments as the public security department, the environmental protection department and the communication department must be informed in time, and the personnel, vehicles, facilities and medicines should be well organized in the emergency treatment so as to control the influence area of the accident to a minimum scale. Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table6-8-2a A Summarv on Environmentally Sensitive SDots Environme Name/ Location and other characteristics Explain of particular Mitigation measures would be Target of protection Estimated cost n-tally_ location with adopted Sensitive construction point S ots /transportation line I)No-fishing Area from- 1000 m of upstream Upriver about Ikm of Construction should be Fishes zone 600.00ORMB of Baishiyao-Dam to 1000 m of Proicet section C, forbided during May to JulY in Baishiyao downstream of Baishiyao-Dam in downriver ab'out 30km this year. Power Station Beijiang of Proicet section B:1 2) No-fishing z one Beiiiang water area from converge Upriver about 1km of Construction should be Fishes of place of She ang protection dyke Proicet section D forbided during May to Julv in No-fishing Feilaixia and Yinying highway to Feilaixia this year zones Dam pFiieia Dam (including discharging Dam proiect channel), (about 2km water area) 3) f shin' zone Beiiiang water area from 50 m of Downriver about lkm Construction should be Fishes 3)fIshing zone upper reaches of Old-Beiiiang of Proicet section D forbided during May to July in between two Bridge to 50 m of lower reaches of this year, and adopted silt Bingyuan New- Beiiiang Bridge. (about 2km control curtain about 100m Bridges water area) downstream the dredging sites _ On L.bank of river. Belong to About 300m Reduce the dredging strength Water quality in 3840,00ORM Water irrigation stations. Irrigating downstream dredging IV class of (including intakes I) Tongguzhou farmland about 60 ha. point in section A: not GB3838-2002 water quali Y in water protection protection area zone's) On L.bank for drinking (for Pep. About 500m Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in .I 0,000) and industry. downstream dredging and adopted silt control curtain Ill class of Power Station point in section B: not about 100m downstream Power Station in water protection dredging sites the GB3838-2002 _area On R.bank of river. Belong to 400-600m Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in 3. Baishio irrigation stations. Irrigating downstream proiect and adopted silt control curtain Ill class of 3) Baishiyao farmland about 60 ha site C. not in water about 100m downstream the GB3838-2002 .______DroteCtion area dredging sites _

112 Environmental Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

On L.bank of river. Belong to About 200m nearby Reduce the dredging strength_ Water quality in Irrigation stations. Irrigating 60 ha dredging point in and adopted silt control curtain Ill class of Liangshuiiing for farmland section D: not in water about l00m around the dredging GB3838-2002 protection area sites On L.bank of river. Belong to About 200m nearby Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in S) irrigation stations. Irrigating dredging point in and adopted silt control curtain Ill class of Fenghuangzui farmland bout 60 ha section D: not in water about 100m around the dredging GB3838-2002 protection area sites On R.bank of river. Belong to About 300m nearby Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in irrigation stations. Irrigating dredging point in and adopted silt control curtain 11 class of 6) Xialiao farmland bout 179 ha section E: in water about I00m around the dredging GB3838-2002 protection area sites On R.bank of river. Belong to About 100m nearby Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in irrigation stations. Irrigating retaining point in and adopted silt control curtain II class of 7) Lunzhou farmland bout 167 ha section E: in water about I00m around the dredging GB3838-2002 protection area sites On R.bank of river. Belong to About lOOm nearby Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in Daslaffiia irrigation stations. Irrigating retaining point in and adopted silt control curtain I1 class of 8)laliao farmiland bout 167 ha section E: in water about l00m around the dredging GB3838-2002 protection area sites On L.hank of river. Belong to About 200mn nearby Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in 9)Zliouxin irrigation stations. Irrigating dredging point in and adopted silt control curtain 11 class of 9)Zhouxin farmland bout 133 ha section E: in water about 100maroundthedredging GB3838-2002 protection area sites On L.bank for drinking (for Pep: About 300-600m Reduce the dredging strength. Water quality in 10) Oixingang 180.000) and industry. downstream dredging and adopted silt control curtain 11 class of point in section E: in about 100m around the dredging GB3838-2002 water Drotection area sites

Note: At the same time .these following mitigation measures should be adopted on the environmentally sensitive spots in the river: (a) The oil-containing sewage generated by construction ships watercrafts should be collected and processed uniformly by oil-water separator. and then discharged when reaching the disposal the Disposal Standard for Watercrafts Poll: (b) And the disposal of little living-sewage and garbage from constructors should strictly abide by the DisposalStandard for Watercrafts Poll. OWater quality monitoring should be carried out during construction phase.

113 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 6-8-2b Mitigation measures at environmentally sensitive spots on construct ion Dhase Environmen- Explain of particular Mitigation measures would Target of protection Estimated cost tally . . . location with be adopted Sensitive Namet Location and other characterstics construction point Spots /transportation line Water 1) Yinrzde The river-section from About 8km downstream Reduce the dredy-in2 Water quality is 11-111 The estimat qualitv Drinking Water Baisha to Oiaoxia of Yinz,de of proiect site D, about strength. and adopted silt class standard of cost had be protection Protection Area City in Beiiian River,- about more 30km upstream of control curtain about 100m GB3838-2002 in t zoon 20km project site E around the dredging sites water-intakes' 2)Feilaixia The river-section from About 5km upstream of Not Water quality is 11-111 Reservoir Shangkeng to Feilaixia-Dam proiect site E, about class standard of Drinking Water of Oingyuan City in Beiiian more 40km downstream GB3838-2002 Protection Area River. about IOkm. of proiect site D 3)Oingyuan The river-section from There are parts of Reduce the dredging Water qualitv is I-I111 Drinking Water Jiangkoouxun to Huilan of construction point of strength. and adopted silt class standard Protection Area Oingyuan City in Beiiian proiect sites E in the control curtain about 100m GB3838-2002 River. about 25km. area around the dredging sites noise I) Chezhoutou On R.bank Belong to village About 30-50m by the (a) Construction will be Noise level is class 3 300.000RMB sensitive of SHAOGUAN, about 70 transportation line forbided in nighttime: standard of soots people will be impacted (b) To regulate and GB3396-1993 2)Baitu town On R.bank Belong to town About 30-50m by the administer uniformly the Noise level is class 3 of SHAOGUAN. about 150 transportation line construction vehicles and standard of people will be impacted control the vehicle flow GB3396-1993 3)Baisha town On R.bank Belong to town About 30-50m by the density Noise level is class 3 of SHAOGUAN, about 70 transportation line ©OTo effectively decrease the standard of people will be impacted times of homing GB3396-1993 4)Wushi town On L.bank Belong to town About 10-20m by the (d) Installs noise suppressor Noise level is class 3 of SHAOGUAN. about 200 transportation line of vehicles standard of _people will be impacted (e) noise monitoring GB3396-1993 5)Kenpkouzui On R.bank Belong to town About 30-50m by the during construction phase. Noise level it class 3 of YINGDE, about 70 transportation line of GB3396-1993 .______peoplewill be im pacted I I_I

114 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

6)zhouxin On R.bank Belong to town About 30-50m by the Noise level is class 3 of O1NGYUAN. about 50 transportation line standard of _eovle will be impacted GB3396-1993 I) Chezhoutou On R.bank Belong to village About 30-50m by the (a) Spreading water to Air quality is class 2 300.OOORMB of SHAOGUAN, about 70 transportation line repress dust. no less than standard of _eople will be impacted two or three times each day GB3095-1996 2)Baitu town On R.bank Belone, to town About 30-SOm by the (b) cover stuff that generates Air quality is class 2 of SHAOGUAN. about 150 transportation line dust easily with cloth standard of DeoDle will be inpacted C)Air monitoring during GB3095-1996 3)Baisha town On R.bank Belong to town About 30-50m by the construction phase. Air quality is class 2 of SHAOGUAN. about 70 transportation line (d) cleaning the surface standard of Air Deople will be imtacted transportation line no less GB3095-1996 sensitive pol ilb matd______4)Wushi town On L.bank Belong to town About 10-20m by the than two or three times each Air quality is class 2 spots of SHAOGUAN. about 200 transportation line day standard of DeoDle will be impacted GB3095-1996 5)Kengkouzui On R.bank Belong to town About 30-50m by the Air quality is class 2 of YINGDE. about 70 transportation line standard of Deoole will be impacted GB3095-1996 6)zhouxin On R.bank Belong to town About 30-50m by the Air quality is class 2 of OINGYUAN. about 50 transportation line standard of people will be impacted GB3095-1996 _

Note: At the same time, these following mitigation measures should be adopted on the environmentally sensitive spots in the river: (a) The oil-containing sewage generated by construction ships watercrafts should be collected and processed uniformly by oil-water separator. and then discharged when reaching the disposal the DisposalStandard for Watercrafts Poll: (b) And the disposal of little living-sewage and garbage from constructors should strictly abide by the DisposalStandard for Watercrafts Poll. © Water quality monitoring should be carried out durinpg construction phase. Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

7.Alternatives Analysis

Comparison of scheme is more important procedure in environmental assessment. The comparison is a procedure to consider a balance of environmental impacts, investment cost and economic efficient of different schemes or plans. and also consider the result of project feasibility study. It tells which scheme is the best in the balance of investment-efficient-environmental protection. Based on the individual characteristic of waterway of the Beijiang mid-stream, this engineering feasibility report provides upgrading proiect to every section of the Beiiiang waterway. The project combines the primary elements of dredging up. spurs/grovnes. and retaining, and meets the requirement of navigation by means of repairing, bombing reef and other engineering techniques. collaborated with the principle of co-consideration of the requirements of docks. flood controlling. water supplying, drainage and irrigation. Comparing two design options. which is explained in detail hereinafter.

7.1 Comparative analysis of alternatives for engineering quantities

7.1.1 Section A: Mengzhou Dam to Futoushan (Mengli)(about 30km) There exist 16 dangerous shoals in this section. The project has 2 alternatives for all dangerous shoals at this section. In this section: (1) most of the waterway stand. a parts of waterway should be reguglated. (2) The standards of regulating are: waterway bending radius R=260m for navigation and regulating water depth of 1.0-1.5 meters. Engineering quantities under different design are compared in The Table 7-1-1.

7.1.2 Section B: Futoushan to Wushinan (about 4km)

There exist three dangerous shoals in this section. all of which share the same characters of complicated shoal shape and high difficulty. Two realign schemes were designed. According to the rules of current the project was carried oLit (I) scheme I was that the project was disposed near to the left riverside of Wushinan section. and the retaining wall was build up on the left riverside. (2) Scheme 2 was just the other way round. (3) The standards of two schemes regulating are: waterway bending radius R=260m for navigation and regulating water depth of 1.5-1.6 meters. Engineering quantities Linder different design are compared in The Table 7-1-1. 7.1.3 Section C: Baishivao Dam to Guanvinvan (about 7km) There exist 4 dangerous shoals in this section. Only one alternative for each dangerous shoal at this section was considered. There are not differences between the two schemas. Alteration was carried out on the base of solidifying the intrinsic effect. as well as :(I) the condition of waterway in existence wvas kept. partial alteration was carried out on the base of solidifying the intrinsic effect. (2) The standards of two schemes regulating are: waterway bending radius R=260m for navigation and regulating water depth of 1.0-1.6 meters. Engineering quantities under different design are compared in The Table 7-1 - I. 7.1.4 Section D: Guanvinvan to Daluodu (about 4km)

There exist three dangerous shoals in this section. There are not differences between the two schemas. The intrinsic realign works were maintained and added and new realign works were carried out on the base of the realign works. as well as: (I) the condition of waterway in existence was kept. partial alteration was carried out on the base of solidifying the intrinsic effect.

116 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

(2) The standards of two schemes regulating are: waterway bending radius R=260m for navigation and regulating water depth of 1.0-1.6 meters. Engineering quantities under different design are compared in The Table 7-1-1. 7.1.5 Section E: Feilaixia Dam to Oingyuan Bridge (about 30km) There exist 15 dangerous shoals in this section. The project has 2 alternatives for all dangerous shoals in this section. The works of regulating were basic same alike, as well as: (I) The waterway downstream Feilaixia-Dam in existing was kept where spurs were adopted to hold in water to wash sand. the proiect which was carried out on the section of Lunzhou upper the Feilaixia was on the principle of current rule. the section of Qingyuan Bridge was kept. retaining wall was build to ensure the security of riverbank from Feilaixia-gorge to Qingvuan Bridge. (2) The standards of two schemes regulating are: waterway bending radius R=260m for navigation and regulating water depth of 1.0-1.8 meters. Engineering quantities under different design are compared in The Table 7-1-1. Table'7-1-1 Comparison of engineering qunntities for the section River- Works Unit Schemes Difference Explainti n section R=260m(scheme 1 R=260m (scheme ... (l-el)gi 2L

A S12urs/groynes M3 205.2 188431 Scheme I Re-con.Q MS 150.515 L5851+ Remove S/G M 324 92400 D_edging M_ 467.48 268 -_23068 Shoal blasting M 1527Q ±+127Q B Spurs/gro,vnes M 1.22 8.25 -272 Scheme I Re-con, S/G M2 275,22 79.25 +3803 Remov S/ M Q 9.24Q +9240 Dred ing M 61840 236.80 ±+1749 Shoal blasting MK Q_ 15.27 +15270 -C Spurs/groynes MA 1I5U2 3.L562

Re-con.____ S/G Mi 34 .363 34..363 Q Remove S/G M I Q Q

_____ D.redgin.gM3 84.9284.M.22 Q Shoal blasting M' 0 Q 0 Q Spurs/groynes M. 7.58 25 onl one Re-conS/G M. 1_5.848 15.848 Q Remove S/G M Q Q Q Dreging MK 84.928 84.928 Shoal blasting i Q0 E Spurs/grovnes M 327.354 414.232 +36878 S Re-con S/G M. 11.357 136425 ±190 RemoeSL/G MK Q Q Q Dredging MK 203.000 203.00 Q

Shoal blasting M Q Q . _Q _ According to the above table. for river section A. comparing with Scheme 1. the construction work amount involved in Scheme 2 is smaller, mainly including dredging and the construction of spurs and groynes. But. in Scheme 2. destructing and reconstruction of spurs and groynes and

117 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

blasting rock shoals will cost much more work force than that in Scheme 1. What's more. Scheme I is favorable to the environment since it doesn't involve the Blasting rock shoals. Therefore. Scheme I is recommended in view of its total work amount. As for river section B. the situation is similar with river section B. the construction work amount involved in Scheme 2 is smaller. mainly including dredging and the construction of spurs and grovnes. But. in Scheme 2. destructing and reconstruction of spurs and groynes. dredging and blasting rock shoals will cost much more work force than that in Scheme 1. Furthermore. Scheme I is favorable to the environment since it doesn't involve the blasting rock shoals. Therefore. Scheme I is also recommended here.

7.2 Comparison of investment cost

Comparison of investment cost of two schemes is shown in Table 7-1-2. Table 7-2-1 ComDarison of investment cost of two schemes i=em Scheme I (R260m) Scheme lI(R260m) Difference (11- 1) Estimation of investment cost (1000 186895.30 246436.60 +59541.30 yuLan ) It is obvious that the investment cost of scheme 11(R 260m) is much higher than scheme I (R260m). and the higher cost is about 32%.

7.3 Comparative analysis of alternatives on Environment Impacts

The main types of regulation work of each alternative and its environment impacts are different: ( I ) Blasting rock shoals. which generates great noise and strong bow wave, will have some impacts on surrouliding residents. buildings and aquatic organisms. especially the fish. These two schemes have distinct amount of blasting rock shoals. and consequently its environmental influence are different. In general, the larger amount of blasting rock shoals. the more serious environmental intluence it will result in. Between the two schemes. the recommended scheme I has not blasting rock shoals. so its impact on environment is much less than another one. (2) Generally when the amount of dredging work increase, the duration of construction will increase, and the cast unloading of dredging will also increase as well as the total amount of suspending sediments in water body. That is to say. when the amount of dredging work grows, its influence to ecological environment will increase accordingly. Comparing the two schemes. the scheme 2 has the least underwater dredging (846456m 3): the scheme I (902176m 3! has the bigger environmental influence. (3) The more engineering quantities involved in spur construction, the more impact it will have on environment. Comparing the two schemes. the scheme I has the least engineering quantities (962817 m3) of spur construction. and the scheme 2 (965654 m3! has the bigger environmental influnce (4) The engineering of spur removing is actually a behavior harmful to the ecologic environment for aquatic life. Between two schemes. the recommended scheme I (3240m3 ) has less spur removing than the other one (l8480m3 ). and its influence to ecological environment is also much less than the other one.

118 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

7.4 Integrated assessment

(1) Two schemes also meet the grade V of standard of freshwater waterway construction. (2) Two schemes are also good economic efficiency. and their internal earning rates are higher than the standard-12% of social discount rate Two resist risk very well. (3) The construction work amount involved in Scheme 2 is smaller than that involved in Scheme 1. But. in Scheme 2. destructing and reconstruction of spurs and groynes, dredging and blasting rock shoals will cost much more work force than that in Scheme 1. Furthermore. No involvement of reef blasting in Scheme I favors the environment, and becomes another attraction of Scheme 1. Therefore. Scheme I is also recommended here. (4) The earth and stone materials needed in the construction involved in Scheme I is less than that in Scheme 2. and it means that Scheme I will have less impact on the environment. So Scheme I is again preferred in view of its environmental impact. (5) The forecasted investment of Scheme I is about 32% less than that of Scheme 2. So we choose Scheme 1. in this way. a large amount of money will be saved from the construction. (6) Combining all above mentioned reasons. we recommend Scheme I in the Waterway Upgrading Project of the Middle Stream of the Beiiiang River. The size of the upgraded waterway will be 1.3 meter deep. 40 meter wide and the curve radium will be 260 meter.

7.5Analysis of "Non-program" Alternative Project of Waterway

Uperading Engineering

According to the demand of local economic development, this evaluation suggests a project of replacing land transport with aquatic transport that is the project of replacing constructing highway with Beijiang waterwav rectification. It is analyzed with comparison as follows. First after constructing highway, the freightage has incomparable advantage on time. efficiency and immaterial benefit. and it will stimulate the economic development in mountain area. However it has some limitation: ( I ) It cannot resolve the contradiction between shipping transport and Darn construction: (2) It cannot guarantee the security of river bank: (3) It cannot resolve the water pollution by ground watercraft in Qingyuan river section and ensure the security of water qualitv in water source protection area (water plant): (4) As the North Guangdong areas belong to mountain area. highway construction will produce much greater environmental matters than waterway rectification engineering, such as ecological destruction. vehicle gas pollution. highwav noise. and loss of water and soil: (5) To construct a 184km high class highway. the total investment. including investment of environmental protection. is much larger than this project: ( 6 ) In the case of highway transport. the accident and risk will increase. even intimidating people's life. According to the transportation data in this area in recent years.(eg. waterway transportation volume increases by 10-30 percent annually in Shaoguan City while the land transportaiion volume increases only bv 10-20 percent annually in Qingyuan City.) and the regional economic development trend. the transportation volume in this area is expected to enjoy an obvious increase.

119 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Without this proiect. the waterway transportation capability in the middle reach of the North River cannot be improved, and the land transportation will face great pressure. The total investment in the construction of highway. including investment of environmental protection. is much larger than this proiect. and highway construction will also bring great damage to the ecological environment due to the fact that this area is mainly composed of mountainous land. Furthermore. the cost of highway transportation is much higher than that of the waterway transportation. The details showed in Table 7-5-1. By comparison mentioned above, the waterway rectification in the middle reach of Beijiang River in a given period will be able to resolve these above-mentioned limitations unable to be resolved by highway construction. Therefore, this evaluation draws a conclusion that this waterway rectification project is more preponderant and feasible than highway construction. Items 20Q2 2012 with project 2012 without Project Remark Arnount Anount. Increase Amount Increase

M ill.tdav Mi ratQio% M_ a _ay Road traffic 100 150 50 170 70 According to the road planning. maximum increase ratio cannot exced

Rail traffic I10 150 50 1Q70 _ WaterwayvE1 100 150 110 10 traffic _

ITtal 30 400 450_ _

120 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

8. Public Consultation

8.1 The Results of the First Public Consultation

8.1.1Why Public Consultation Public consultation is an important component of EIA to make a scientific decision on the proposed project and effectively implement mitigation measures for its impacts on environment. Also, public consultation is a critical part of the World Bank procedure for EIA. Public consultation can gather and understand the view, the desire and the intention of the people toward the proposed Beijiang_Project. Also the suggestion of the public is the basis of the authorities in decision-making.

8.1.2 Methodology and Scope of Public Consultation Methodology The first public consultation in the TOR phase was carried out on 11-22, June, 2002 through (i) face to face interview; (ii) questionnaire; and (iii) public meeting. The public consultation focused on the issues and public concerns that were listed on the Questionnaire form, show in table 8-4 . Scope Interviews and questionnaires were conducted in the region directly affected by the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) rectification Project, including Qingyuan urban area, Fucheng Town, Zhouxin Town and Yuantan Town in Qingyuan City; Huilan Town, Jiangkou Town and Shengping Town in Qingxin County; Yicheng urban area, Lixi Town, Lianjiangkou Town, Dazhan Town, Wangbu Town and Shakou Town in Yingde City; Dakengkou Town, Wushi Town, Baitu Town and Baisha Town; as well as Beijinig District of Shaoguan City. Two public meetings were held in Qingyuan and Shaoguan. The Figure 8.1 shows the scope of the public consultation. Coverage rate of the Public Consultation According to statistics in 2000, about 66,100 people in Qingyuan, Qingxin, Yingde, Qujiang and Shaoguan could be directly affected by the project. 946 representatives were involved in this public consultation. Among them, 480 questionnaires were returned from 800 people who had received questionnaires (return rate is 60%), 434 participated in the public meeting or face-to-face interviews, and 32 made phone calls. The coverage rates of the public consultation vary from 0.31 percents to 2.6percents in different areas, with an average coverage rate of the public consultation of 1.43%. Details (including places and dates of P.C.) are showed in Table 8-1. Interviewees/ Participants Interviewees and participants of the public consultation include officials from local governments and authorities, (Party committee, government, houses of people's representatives, construction, economic planning, environmeptal protection, water conservancy, etc.), experts, and ordinary citizens from towns along the Beiiiang River, thereinto. ordinarv citizens were most. The age structure of the participants is listed in Table 8-2, and occupation sector in Table 8-3.

121 EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuwan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 8-1 The first Public consultation coverage and rate Affected area Affected Questionnaire Interview & Places and Phone Total Cover population meeting dates for call rate (0 ) meeting Qingyuan City _ Urban area 20000 132 183 Meeting 12 317 1.59 Zhouxin Town 3000 25 10 room o 35 1.17 _ Yuantan Town 2500 18 8 EPB of 26 1.04 _ Qingxin County QingyuanX _ Huilan Town 1800 20 10 City on 30 1.67 _ Jiangkou Town 2200 19 15 20 June 34 1.55 _ Shengping Town 1800 13 10 2lo2 23 1.28 Yingde City Urban area 2000 18 8 5 31 1.55 Lixi Town 2300 16 7 23 1.00 _ Lianjiangkou Town 4200 13 13 0.31 _ Dazhan Town 4800 14 12 26 0.54 _ Wangbu Town 3500 21 8 29 0.83 ShakouTown 4500 12 30 42 0.93 _ Shaoguan City _ Wushi Town 8000 93 103 Doorway 8 204 2.55 _ Dakengkou Town 1500 14 8 of EPB of 22 1.47 _ Baitu Town 1000 21 5 Shaguan 26 2.60 Baisha Town 1000 12 6 City on 18 1.80 Beijiang Urban area 2000 19 21 21 June 7 47 2.35 2002 Total/average 66100 480 434 32 946 1.43

Table 8-2 Occupation sector Occupation Number Proportion Official 23 2.43% Constructioni Plann ing 21 2.22% Environmenital protection 27 2.85% Water conservancy 45 4.76% Researcher 13 1.37% Employees in service tordinarv Ci7izens) 171 18.08% Manager in Plant (also ordinar_ citizens) 23 2.43% Work_er (ordi_narv c*t%zes_ 189 19.98% Farmer (ordinary citizens) 342 36.15% Fisher (ordinary citizens) 27 2.85% Student (ordinarv cirizcni) 5 1 5.39% Others (ordinary citizen1s) 14 1.48% Total 946 100%

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H interview P.C.Meeting Fig8-1. Locations of Public consultation for North River /23 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Sliaoguan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Table 8-3 Age structure Age Number Proportion 16-30 311 32.88% 30-40 318 33.62% 40-50 249 26.32% 50-60 58 6.13% Above 60 10 1.06% Total 946 100%

8.1.3 Public Opinion 8.1.3.1 Public meeting and face to face interview The public gave priority to the following: Priority should be given to the protection of drinking water quality and tourism resource in the project phase, particularly to Qixinggang water plant; and Navigation should be improved. Navigation bottleneck in Qingyuan section often causes vessel block and needs to be resolved within the project as soon as possible. 8.1.3.2 Questionnaire The statistic data from returned questionnaires are listed in Table8-4. We can briefly conclude useful information from the returned questionnaire as follows: Near 70% of people know about the project, but only a small part (10%) know the details; More than a third people believe that the project will have impacts on water quality (55%), transportation (43%), drinking water security (36%), and local economy (29%); Over half of the people believe that the project is necessary and for the project; Priority concerns are: drinking water security, navigation safety, fish resource. tourism and environment damage; Mitigation measures for water pollution, ecological restoration and compensation for fishery loss are the priority concerns in the construction phase; and ninety percent of the people expect that the project will improve their condition. 8.1.4 Changes of TOR after public consultation The public opinions towards lo this project were accepted in TOR; the public concerns were included in the content of EIA. (1) In order to protect the fish resources, the construction within the no-fishing area between the twp Qingyuan North River Bridges has been cancelled. (2) In order to protect the water quality wvithout violating the relevant management and regulation in the water source protection areas, the sediments (mainly sand) dredged from these areas are going to be sold as construction material or used to construct the spurs. (3) In order to protect the aquatic and hydrophyte, the recommended project canceled the reef bombing and the curve cutting work in the Zhigao Dam. (4) All the dredging sedimenis (mainly pebble and sand) in the project except that in the water source protection areas are used to refill the groin.

124 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaogiuan-Qingyuan)Waterway Regulation Project

Table 8-4 Statistic data from questionnaire 1. Do you know that the I) Yes 50 10.42 Xiniu Navigation 2) Hear about it 282 58.75 Junction Complex will be built? 3) No 148 30.83 2. Do you know the details 1) Yes 48 10.00 about the project? 2) Hear about it 183 38.13

3) No 249 51.88 3. Are there impacts of the I) Very much 162 33.75 project on you or your 2) Yes 126 26.25 place? 3) Small 158 32.92 4) No 34 7.08 4. What are the impacts of I) Water Quality 262 54.58 this project?' 2) Fishery 126 26.25

3) Transportation 204 42.50 4) Drinking water 171 35.63 5) Tourism 104 21.67 6) Economic development 141 29.38 7) Other environment factors 137 28.54 5. Is the construction of this I) Very much 224 46.67 project necessary? 2) Yes 206 42.92 3) No comments 33 6.88 4) No 17 3.54 6. What problems should be I ) Communication security 237 49.38 paid attention to? 2) Power station security 102 21.25 3) Fish safety 156 32.50 4) Water quality security 271 56.46 5) Tourist resources 147 30.63 6) Pollution and environmient issues 131 27.29 7. Your opinion on project I ) For 352 73.33 construction? 2) Netitral 122 25.42 3) Against 6 1.25 8. Are you satisfied-with the 1) Yes 122 25.42 environment situation? 2) Basically 260 54.17

3) No 98 20.42 9. Which problem do you I) Air 192 40.00 focus on? 2) Water 365 76.04 3) Noise 65 13.54 4) Tourist resource damage 73 15.21 10. Your suggestion for I) Water pollution 252 52.50 mitigations? 2) Compensation for fishers 146 30.42

125 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaogutan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

3) Ecological restore 188 39.17 4) Dust 95 19.79 5) Tourist resources 102 21.25 I 1. Impacts on your living I) Improved much 89 18.54 quality after completion 2) Improved slightly 337 70_21 of the project 2)_Improved_slightly 337 70.21 3) No improvement 52 10.83 4) Worse 2 0.42

8.2 The results of the second public consultation

8.2.1 Methodology

The second public consultation in the EIA phase was carried out on Aug 24-25, 2002, mainly through "face to face" interview; and "public meeting at open house" .The public consultation focused on the issues and concerns listed on the EIA report,

8.2.2 Scope

The scope of the second P.C. was the same as the first. Interviews were conducted in the region directly affected by the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) regulation Project, including Qingyuan urban area, Fucheng Town, Zhouxin Town and Yuantan Town in Qingyuan City; Huilan Town, Jiangkou Town and Shengping Town in Qingxin County; Yicheng urban area, Lixi Town, Lianjiangkou Town, Dazhan Town, Wangbu Town and Shakou Town in Yingde City; Dakengkou Town, Wushi Town, Baitu Town and Baisha Town; as well as Beijing District of Shaoguan City. Two public meetings were held in Qingyuan and Shaoguan. The Figure 8.1 shows the scope of the public consultation.

8.2.3 Coverage rate of the Public Consultation

According to statistics in 2000. about 66,100 people in Qingyuan, Qingxin, Yingde, Qujiang and Shaoguan could be directly affected by the project. About 754 representatives have taken part in the public consultation at the open house meeting and face to face interviews. Among theni, The coverage rates of the public consultation vary from 0.73 percents to 2.10 percents in different areas, and the average coverage rate of the public consultation is 2.2%, as shown in Table 8-5.

8.2.4 Interviewees/ Participants

Interviewees and participants of the public consultation mainly include local citizens and representative experts, officials from towns along the Beijiang-River. The age structure of the participants is listed in Table 8-6. occupation sector in Table 8-7.

126 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

Table 8-5 The second Public consultation coverage and rate Affected area Affected ] Interview & |Places and dats Cover rate population | meeting | formeeing (%) Qingyuan City Urban area 20000 153 In the cen er 0.77 Zhouxin Town 3000 40 streets of ever 1.33 Yuantan Town 2500 50 cities and towns 2.00 Qingxin County on 24-25 Huilan Town 1800 30 August 2002 1.67 Jiangkou Town 2200 45 2.05 Shengping Town 1800 20 1.11 Yingde City Urban area 2000 22 1.10 Lixi Town 2300 27 1.17 Lianjiangkou Town 4200 35 0.83 Dazhan Town 4800 42 0.88 Wangbu Town 3500 50 1.43 ShakouTown 4500 33 0.73

Shaoguan City _ Wushi Town 8000 120 In the center 1.50 Dakengkou Town 1500 22 streets of every 1.47 Baitu Town 1000 21 cities and towns 2.10 Baisha Town 1000 22 on 24-25 2.20 Beijiang Urban area 2000 22 August 2002 1.10 Total/average 66100 754 1.14

127 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Slzaogutan-Qingvuan) WVaterway Regulation Project

Table 8-7 Occupation sector Occupation Number Proportion Official I1 1% Construction Planning 5 1% Environmental protection 16 2% Water conservancy 4 1% Researcher 15 2% Employees in service 152 20% Manager in Plant 6 1% Worker 169 22% Farner 272 36% Fisher 80 11% Student 12 2% Others 12 2% Total 754 100%

Table 8-6 Age structure Age Number Proportion 16-30 285 38% 30-40 366 49% 40-50 57 8% 50-60 24 3% Above 60 22 3%- Total 754 100%

8.2.5 Public Opinion on the l'ublic meeting and face to face interview In the second round of public consUltation, the public gave priority to the following: a) 87% of interviewees and participants of the public consLiltation hold favorable attitudes to the Beijiang project after listening to the introduction about EIA. b) Mitigation measures must be put into execution in the construction. c) Priority should be given to ilhe protection of drinking water quality and tourism resource in the project phase, particularly to Qixinggang water plant; and d) Navigation should be improved. Navigation bottleneck in Qingyuan section often causes vessel block and needs to be resolved in the project as soon as possible.

8.2.6 Changes of draft EIA r eport after second public consultation With the help of detail TOR and the first public consultatioll, the EIA team has carried out a series of work. the draft EIA report give a comprehensive analysis to the environment impacts and the countermeasures that the public concerns. The public opinions towards this project were accepted and absorbed in the report. So tile public is very satisfied with the report in general. Besides, the public also gives a series of suggestion concerning the mitigation measures that were already included in this version.

128 Environmental Impact Assessmnt ntfor North-River (Shaogian-Qingyutan) IVaterway Regulation Project

9.Implementation of Mitigation measures and Monitoring

9.1 Implementation of Mitigation measures

Based on the requirement of Environment Protection Administration Regulations for Construction Projects, Administration Regulations of Checking and Accepting of Environment Protection Facility completion for Construction Projects, and Environment Protection Action Program for the Project, the environment protectionl measures of the project should be designed and implemented at the same tine with the construction. According to the requirement of the World Bank, the respective units and their responsibility in the mitigation measures are defined and listed in table 9-1-1. The following activity will be fulfilled in the Action Program. Table 9-1-1 Plan of Iimiplementation of Environmental Protection Measures Construction phase Supervision lImplementation units Management institutes organization The action program in Proiect Ihe contnactors o GDWB the construction period Entorcemilent construction Office or Project Company

9.2 Environment Adniinistration Organization, Responsibilities and

System

For better supeivision and adminiistration of the environment protection for the construction project, the different levels ol administrative organizations of this project shall establish corresponding environment adinillistrationl organizations. The organizations then can set the environment protection and adminiistration system for overall administration of the environment issues of this proiect, so as to ensuIre realizationi of the environment protection targets.

9.2.1 Organization Structtiurc

The system of environmenl plrotection administrationi of this project is "leader responsible for the overall situation, implemeniation by different levels. division for responsibility and centralized management by specialized department". According to the characteristics of the construction project, the project headquarters and its sub-divisions slhall set special environment protection departments (eacli work area shall have special full-time environment protection staff). The person in charge of the department shall take charge of the relevant work of environment protection, with specific indicators assigned to specific responsible persons, and appropriate reward and punishment system shall be established to ensule tfilfillment of the environment protection measures and its effects. The recomimnended structure of environment protection administration of this project is shown in Figure 9-1 -I a and Figure 9-1 - I b. Each work area shall assim ILill-time environment protection staff and set special fund for

129 Environmenial Impact Assessimientfor Norih-River,Shiaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

environment protection construction in the work area. The General Director of the project is responsible for overall environmenit protection in this project, and the person in charge of the environment protection administration department shall be responsible for implementing various environment protection systems. The sub-divisions of the headquarters and the environment protection departments of each \\ork area shall focus on fulfillment of the environment protection measures to carry out self-inspection on the environment protection in the work areas. Any violation of the measures discovered in the supervision and inspection shall be corrected timely to ensure successful implementation of the environment protection measures in each work area. oakoe anosuggestior Projiect Enforcemenit OtTfice of GDWB *|W (6 dedicated person) I Quiarterly report I T Report once one month field office for the Beijiiang Project| (2 dedi cated person )|

_ Report once one month

Finguuan rver-s tctuon r ntpr iver-section i non river-section | |PO (1-2 dedicated person) PO(1-2 dedicated-person! | O 12 dedicated person!

|O ([|21- person for part-tO2p erso forn pa rttiee)y;P -2

Iriver-section I

I i Report once one m-onth ConstrLuction Coniti'actora ( 1-J3iunitsa Figure 9-1-la Structure of en. ironiment protection adiiiiiiistration organization on construction ohase

Projiect Enforcemnent Office of GDWB ly repor3 (6 dedicated per-soii) WB T T QLiarterly report 1'EO for tile Bei-iianig Pro_ject (2 dedicated person )

. .LQarterly report

Qingvuan WB Yin gde WB Yi* WB |PEO (1-2 person for part-time) ||PEO (1-2 operson for-part-tirne!) | PEO (1-2 person for part t*m!

Figure 9-1-lb Structure of en -ironinent protection adminlistration organization on operational phase

130 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Slwooguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

9.2.2 Responsibilities and System

9.2.2.1 Responsibilities (1) Project Enforcement Office of GDWB The general manager are expected to understand the overall dynamics of environment protection of this project, an.l to be responsible for the overall environment protectionand approving environment protection system, post system and implementation plan. They should also coordinate the relation between relevant departments and organizations and guarantee the personnel, money and materials necessary for environmient protection. At the same time. the main task is to organize daily monitoring on the water quality: air, noise and solid wastes of the proiect based on the monitoring plan. Tlle results of environmental supervision and monitoring should be integrated into the quarterly implemenitation reports to the Bank by the PEO. (2) Field offices for the Beijiang Project (inc.liding PO of construction river-sections) P.as the field offices for the Beiiiang Project, it shall be familiar with the project implementation plan, the pollution prevention technology and policies, and the constitution of the technicians. Its main responsibilities are: a) to formulalte project environment protection rules and regulations and supervise the implementation of the regulations; b)to formulate and implement environment protection plan; c)to organize ecolo-ical and environmental monitoring; d) to propose the administration plan and improvement suIggestions for operation of the environment facilities of this project. This department shall timely report to the project headquarters about the work of environment protection and shall cooperate with different levels of competent environment authorities in supervision and inspectioni of environmilent protection. Circuit supervision and ihspection system sholIId be established, with the following main responsibilities: to conduct regular supeivision on the construction and operation of the environment protection measures of this project. collect the problems of environment protection and propose suggestions for solvine the problems. (3) The constrLIction contractors Usually each contractor ulndertakes eachi mitigation measure at the construction stage. The construction contractors shoLild attach th. imipleinentation requirements of mitigation measures of environment protectioni and the requiremilents of supervision and staff training to their bidding documents.

9.2.2.2 Regulations of En ironment Administration In order to fulfill the pollutioni preventioni measures and reinforce environment protection, it is necessary to formulate various environment protection regulations according to the actual situation of the project. The regulations are as following: (1) environment protection work rules and regulations; (2) regulations on environment protection facilities operation, examination, maintenance and servicing; (3) environment monitoring and reporting system; (4) training of environment protection regulations and environmienit protection knowledge.

131 Environmental Impact Assessmentefor Nortlh-River(Sliz oguan-Qingytan) Watenvay Regulation Project

9.3 Contract documents

Good bidding documents and good contract documenlts are crucial to ensure the implementation of mitigation measures. According to the regulations of Environment Protection Administration Regulations for Construction Projects, Administiation Regulations of Checking and Accepting of Environment Protection Facility completion for Construction Projects, and Environment Protection Action Program for Project, GDWB shouJl list the content, requirements and targets of the project action program in the clauses of the constiruction contract when it is signed. In that way, the mitigation measures can be effectively impleimented, and the progress, the effect, and the problem in implementation can be reported to the GDWBin time. The GDWB should also regularly entrust the local Environmental Monitoring station or GDEMS to have on-spot monitoring during construction and to transfer the reports to GDWB, EYM and the World Bank, so as to ensure the successful implementation of the mitigation measures.

9.4 Training and Budget

Training of staff in charge of supeivision and monilor ing, responsible persons in each section, and construction workers are indispensable for the impleiiientation. All the staff including construction workers shall receive at least one tine of environinental protection training, while the major environmental protection staff shall receive position tnaining.

9.4.1 Environment protection knowledge aned ability training During the constrUction phase, the Employer anld the constructor shall invite environment protection experts to carrv out an overall environment protection concept training for all construction wvorkers and supeivisors, clarifying the major environmental problems and necessary measures during construction phase. During the operation phase. Beijiang Project team should regularly organize environment protection knowledge training for all staff. So that they can clarify the possible problems that could exist within their assigned areas, stress the negative consequence that may result from failing to take necessary environment protection n1e1Cuires and implant the environment protection idea to the mind of every one ol the staff.

9.4.2 Environment protection ability training The key construction and operation staff sucli as ini,tallation or maintenance personnels, drivers, office members in Project and environinent protectioli supervisors from the Project and persons in charge of the docks shall receive environmenit proteciion ability training. The process of training includes: a) Expert lecture b) Site visit of similar environmienit protection installations c) Irregular national or international long-terimi or short-term training. d) Twelve men will be sent abroad in two separate groups to receive training, with the training budget being 120000USD.

132 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor North-River(Sliaoguan-Qingyuan) WYaterway Regulation Project

9.5 Environment Monitoring Plan and Budget

The location and distribution of environmental supcrvision sites during the construction period is shown in Fig 9-5-1.

9.5.1 Dredging Waste Monitoring and Its Budiget

The river channel dredging waste monitoring is mainly for the purpose of managing sediment-associated contaminants and controlling impacts to the aquatic and ecological environments. (1) Monitoring point and monitoring frequency: According to the monitored results anciently. 5 monitoring sections (2 monitoring points) at the river sections with significant areas to be dredged have been selected the monitor the implementation progress once in every 2 months. See Table 9-5-1. (2)Monitoring items: Monitoring content includes 9 items: Cadmium, Mercury, Lead, Chrome, Arsenic, Nickel, Copper, Zinc and Petroleum. (3) Estimated monitoring analysis expenses: Monitoring sampling costs RMB200 each time at per point, the analysis-testing fee is RMB50 for each item, and the sample processing fee is RMB200 per item. (4) Travel fees and other monitoring fees Each time sampling at each point costs I day for 2 persons, I car, I boat, with travel fee at RMB500/day-person, car fee at RMB1,000/day, boat fee at RMB500/day. In consideration of other operation samples, consurliables and unpredictable fees, the cost shall be estinated at 5% higher than the monitoring analysis fees and travel fees, so the total bottom mud monitoring cost is about RMB325,000. Table 9-5-1 River channel (Iredging wastes monitorilig points distribution and Monitoring Fees Location Monitoring Monitoring frequency and Total (including other point times per y ear fees) Qixinggang, Qingyuan 2 Once/2 mionth, total 6 the cost shall be

.______tim es/year estim ated at 5% Qingyuan Jiangkou- 2 Once/2mondi, total 6 higher Feilaixia times/year Yingde Baisha - 2 Once/2 month, total 6 Kengklouzuei times/year Qujiang County Wushi 2 Once/2mroi.th, total 6 Power Plant times/year Qujiang County 2 Once/2month, total 6

Chetouz1ou - times/year Mengzhouba Total 10 325.000

9.5.2 Water Environment Monitoring Plan and Budget (1)Monitoring section: 2 monitoring sections should be set near the water intake of the river sections to be dredged. one about 100m downstreai the of dredging/disposal area. the other at the water intake section of river.

133 Environmental Impact Assessmentfor Northa-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuon) PWaterway Regulation Project

In addition. at other sections of the river to be dredged. only I monitoring section will be set at about 100m downstream the dredging/disposal areas. All the sections are shown in Table 9-5-2. the Environment Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines issued by State Environment Protection Administration (HJ/T2.1-2.3---93' are adopted as the monitoring method (2)Monitoring items: total 10 water quality monitoring items at the sections of the river to

be dredged: DO. pH, SS, NH3-N, T-P, Petroleum, Cr, Pb, As and Hg. (3)Monitoring Frequency: In the year before construction phase, above monitoringims shall be once quarterly. During the construction phase. Monitoring for SS. DO. pH shotild be conducted on a weekly base. Other parameters should be carried out once a month. The monitoring task above-mentioned can be assigned to the provincial or municipal environmental monitoring centers. (4) Estimated Monitoring Analysis Expenses: monitoring sampling costs RMB200 each ,ime at per point, and the analysis testing fees is RMB50 per item, and the sample processing fees s RMB 100 per item. (5) Travel fees and other monitoring fees Each time sampling at each point costs one day for 2 persons, I car, I boat, with travel fee at RMB500/day-person, car fee at RMB 1,000/day, boat fee at RMB500/day. In consideration of other operation samples, consumables and unpredictable fees, the cost shall be estimated at 5% higher than the monitoring analysis fees and travel fees, so the total water monitoring cost is about RMB450.000. Table 9-5-2 River channel water quality monitoring points distribution and monitoring fees Location Monitoring Monitoring frequency Total (including section ohrfe Qingyuan Qixinggang Water plant 2c Once quiarterly in the year before the cost shall be Qujiang County Wushi Power 2 construction phase: and estimated at % Plant Water olant monitoring for SS, DO. pH higher Qujiang County Baitu Town I should be weekly. other dred2ed river-section parameters sbould be carried oLit Yingde city Guanyinvan Town I once one a month during the CP. dredged river-section . Total_ _- About 450.000 B

9.5.3 Environment Air and Noise Monitoring Plan and Budget

(1) Monitoring point: Sensitive points at the construction site and along the transportation line, totally 6 noise monitoring points and 6 air monitoring points. See Table 9-5-3.

(2) Monitoring items: TSP, PM1 O,Noise (Leq(A) . (3) Monitoring frequency: In the 1" year of constrmction, monitoring shall be carried out two times/week. Then if the monitoring results indicate that the density of noise is lower than the evaluation standard or if the change is small, it may be adjusted to 4 monitoring times in one year, respectively at spring. summer, autumn and winter. The monitoring task may be assigned to provincial or municipal environmental monitoring centers. (4) Estimated Monitoring Analysis Expenses : each time monitoring sampling costs RMMB200 at per point, and the analysis testing fees is RMB100 per item, and the noise monitoring costs RMB50 per circle- (5) Travel fees and other monitoring fees Sampling at each point each tine costs 2 days for 2 persons, I car, with travel fee at RMB500/day-person, car fee at RMB 1,000/day-

134 EnvironmentalImpact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Project

In consideration of other operation samples, consumables and unpredictable fees, the cost shall be estimated at 5% higher than the monitoring analysis fees and travel fees, so the total air and noise monitoring cost is about RMB530,000. Table 9-5-3 Environment Air and Noise Monitoring Points Distribution And Monitoring Fees Location Monitoring Monitoring frequency Total Point (including other fees) Zhouxin Town I Monitoring frequency for air and noise shouId be the cost shall Kengkouzhui, 1 2 times/week in the first year during the CP. be estimated Wushi Town I at 5% higher Baisha Town XX I BaiTu Town I Chetouzhou I Total 6 430.OOORMB

9.5.4 Monitoring Plan Summary and budget (I)The monitoring task aboved mentioned can be assigned to the provincial or municipal environmental monitoring centers. (2) It is requested that the Proiect Enforcement Office of GDWB should integrate monitoring data into the quarterly implementation reports to the Bank. (3) A monitoring plan format is as follows table9-5-4. Table 9-5-4 The monitor*ng plan and budget (BMW Phace Items Monitoring location Monitoring index Montilring Frequency B

AiLr Zhouxin Town, Kengkouzhui, PM,o. DusLt 2 days. 3 Once a week 43 Wushi Town, Baisha Town, li m _ Noise RaiTu Town. Chetou7hou. 2 days. 3 Once a week

Water (I)Qingyuan Qixinggang Water Dno pH. SS. 2 days 2 (1) Once quarterly in 4,M OD plant (2) Qujiang County Wushi N.H3-N. T-P. times a the year hefore Power Plant Water plant (3) Petroleum, Cr. dLi construction phase: Quiiang County Baitu Town Ph. As and Hg (2) Monitoring for SS. dredged river-section (4! DO pH. and once Yingde city Raishiyao Town weekly during the CP. o dredged river-section (3) Other parameters should be once one r ______month during the CP. Sedimens (1) Qingyuan Qixinggang Cd. Hg- Pb. Cr. I day. Once in every 2 Vi (2)Qineyuan Jiangkou - As. Ni. Cu. Zn Itime a .months _ Feilaixia dredged section and Petroleuj m da (3) Yingde Baisha - Kengkouzuei dredged section (4) Qujiang County Wushi Power Plant dredged section- (5)Quijiang County Chetouzhou -Mengzhouba Opeation (I)According to the result of years of monitoring the river width between the upper stream and the down Period stream of the construction section differs little so does the water depth and some other water conditions. And the water quality of the construction section and the routine monitored section is basically stable, Therefore, the quarterly water oualitv monitoring data of operation Deriod can be obtained L 0Qb by the vrovincial or municiDal environmental monitoring centers. (2)According to the EIA on the proiect, the impacts of dust, noise and sediments during the operation period are light on environment: therefore, the dust. noise and sediments monitoring during the operation period can be cancelled.

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9.5.5 Flow-charts of Environment Monitoring Plan

Flow-charts to show administrative mechanisms to moniitor the environment are important See flow-charts 9-5-2. Flow-charts of relevant organizations include the World-Bank.

Project Enforcement Office of GDWB (Q y report >|W (6 dedicted oersons)

Report once one month

Fieldoffice for the Beijiang Proiect (2 dedicated persons)

IF lReport once one month_ The provincial or mLunicipal environmental monitoring ceners (20 dedicate perons)

Monitori n!of construction phase

Figure 9-5-2 Flow-charts of Environment Monitoring Plan on construction phase

10. Comprehensive Conclusion

Based on extensive site surveys in the evaluation area and the characteristics of this project, and by using a method incorporating estimation and comparison, this evaluation compr-elhensively evaluated the environmental impact ofthe project and conducted an overall compare-and-choose analysis on the project plan. On this basis, this evaluation conclude that the consuLiction of this project will have impacts, to some extent, on surrounding ecological environment, but the impacts are temporaly. After completion of the project, the ecological environment can be restored in a certain period of time. Meanwhile, the coilstiLictioni of this project isbasically in accordance with the city planning program along the river, and can improve the environment to some extent. As far as the construction of this project strictly abide by the national and local laws and regulations, as well as the technical requirements described in this report, and proper measures are taken to protect the environilment and prevent pollution, the impact of this project on the environment will be within acceptable level, and the construction of this project will be environmentally feasible.

137 Environmenmal Impact Assessment for North-River(Shaoguan-Qingyuan) IYaterway Regulation Project

References 1. Han Boping etc., Ecological Science, Guangdong Provincial Ecology Association, Jinan University, 2002, first edition; 2. Pan Tonghua etc., Fish Resources in Beijiang River of Pearl River Water System, Guangdong Science & Technology Press, 1987; 3. Dong Lin, Peng Haijun, Zhang Yuhuan etc., Water Quality Protection Plan Reportfor BeJjiang River Valley in Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environment Science, Mar. 2001; 4. Liang Mingyi, Peng Haijun etc., Environmental impact Report for Pearl River Delta Navigation Channel Chencun Watenvay Regulation Project, South China Institute of Environment Science, Apr. 2001; 5. Peng Haijun, Liang Mingyi etc., Environmental Impact Report for the Engineering Project of Three Bridges over Beijiang River in Guangdong's Qingyuan City, South China Institute of Environment Science, Mar. 2002; 6. Zeng Fantang, Shenxi etc., Environmental Impact Report on Guangdong Beijiang River Levee Reinforcement Standard-meeting Project, South China Institute of Environment Science, Jun. 2001; 7. Han Baoxin, Liang Mingyi etc., Environmental Impact Report on the Project of Guangzhou Nanzhou Water Plant to Obtain Water from Shunde Waterway, South China Institute of Environment Science, Feb. 2002; 8. Zhang Yuhuan, Li Zhaoyong etc., Qingyuan City Environment Protection Plan, South China Institute of Environment Science, 2001; 9. Xu Zhencheng, Chen Xiancheng etc., PearlRiver Delta Water Environment Capacity and Water Quality Plan and Research, Key Strategic Sci-tech Research Report in the 7th National Five-year Plan, South China Institute of Environment Science; 10. Li Xueling, Luo Chengping etc., Environmental Impact Report for Guangdong Province Xyiang Lowver Reaches Navigation Channel Regulation Project Utilizing World Bank Loan, Pearl River Water Resources Protection Science Institute, 1997; 11. Wang Junsan, Liang Mingyi etc., Benefit Evaluation on Decontamination of Town Sewage Using 11 Species of Advanced Aquatic Vascular Plant in South China, , China Environment Science Press, 1995. Vol. 1; 12. Dong Hanfei, Hainan Island Ecological Environment Quality Analysis and Compi-ehensive Evaluation, Zhongshan University Press, 1985; 13. State Environment Protection Administration Supervision and Management Department, China Environmeneal Impact Evaluation Training Textbook, Chemical Press, Jan. 2000; 14. Zeng Fantang etc., A Real Time Mathematical Modelfor Tidal River Networks and Its Application to the PearlRiver Delta, Vol. 2, Computational Mechanics Publications, UK, 1991; 15. Qian Ning, Wan Zhaohui, Sediment Movement Mechanics, Science Press, 1991; 16. Lin Bingnan, Present Status and Development of Research on Open Channel Unsteady Flow. , Vol. 1, 1984; 17. Wang Junsan, Liang Mingyi etc., Environmental Impacts Report for Hainan Province Agriculture and Tropical Resources Management Project Utilizing Loans from Asia Bank, South China Institute of Environment Science, 1994; 18. Liang Mingyi, Chen Yuhua etc., Guangdong Province EcologicalEnvironment Plan, , Jin Jianming, editor in chief, China Environment Science Press, 1994

138 ANNEX I f44~

WB Financed Project the North River (Shaoguan-Qingyuan) Waterway Regulation Environment Impact Assessment Photoes of Public Consultation (The First)

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Annexl: Name of Plants

.0 M Pteridophyta *R9-ti Cyclosorus parasiticus i,%V Pteridaceae at tiffa Pteris vittata V4 Pinaceae

-1 5 Pinus massoniana Lamnb. 4 Lauraceae gt Cinnarnonzumn camphora g Cinnaniomurn parthenoxylon PJ F Cinnarnornun, burmzanni X At Ehretia longif7ora f7i f$i4 Litsea monopetala 9 4 lmenispermaceae 04 Stephania longa ±111EI Jg Pericanmpyluts glaucius $#KW Piperaceae Pipersarmentosurn 4 Chenopodiaceae ± 410 Chenopodium ambrosiodes 9 4 Polygonaceae A)(rtiR Polygonunt chinense 7k~g Polygonum hydropier IX;4 Amarantacaea 1-4:J ,4Achyranthes aspera 9 Alternantheraphiloxeroides i!J! A4naranthlus spinosus 7f)Mi4 Lythraceae k1iS Lagerstroerniaindica &9-tM4 Myrtaceae t-n- I i EucalIptus caloph,vlla CEMrh Psidiurn guajava 7k., CleistocalYvX oper-culatus 94 Tiliaceae NJM an Triumfetta bartramia "aW Bombacaceae 4 Mfalvastrurn coromandelianunr b HME1 Sida rhombifolia )k$4 Euphorbiaceae k 1Ti Euphorbia hirta W4P Fluggea virosa C Mallotus philippinensis OtT3t Phyllanthus urinaria F Ricinus communis di A t7 Sapium discolor Environmental Impact appraisetforNVorth-River(Shaoguan-Qingvi'an) waterway Regulation Project

b 3 Sapium sebiferumn tk A Bischoffiajavanica lifft Mallotus apelta V*# Rosaceae t7 4 Rubus leucanthus *#j Prunus mume #gjt;.9t1- Rubus rosaefolius *114# Mimosaceae < 4;f Acacia confiusa i-T jVfitmosa sepiaria -t-X lkfMimosa pudica AM.1%# Papilionaceae : >t 1U R Desmodiurnt heteropkillum fu* wZ Desmodium triangulare VA 1-9@ -a Lespede:a cuneata T3K Zornia diphy/la 4 Ulmaceae *Vlf Celtis sinensis ; i4 Moraceae N Dt6 Ficus hispida Broaussonetiapapyrifera qVHintHumtu/us scandens 71* IJA Ficusfistilosa -49# Urticaceae ;tt a Boehmneria nivea 414E# Acanthaccae Dicliptera cihinensis

$ iL JL S1tttplocos chinensis -Mfi1i* Elaeagnaceae 4A pi, -T Elaeagnuitspun gens 1R-4i# Rhaninaccae -BEp Paliuruts ramosissimus t1 IN Sageretia thee:ans VW Vitaceae tzeg Gyvnostemnia pentaphl /la " Meliaceae R NfMelia azedarach S*4 Anacardiaiceae Rhus succedanea Rhus chinensis AAA,74 Alangiaceae AAAJG Alangium chinense M*# Juglandaceae glAM Pterocarya stenoptera MIX4 Rubiaceae 7*%4 Adina pilulifera JAW Paederiascandens Environmental Impact appraise!forNorth-River(Shaoguan-Qingvuan) Wfaterway Regulation Project

i.*4 Caprifoliaceae 7t 4 SiF Sambucus chinensis i)~X2 Viburnum fordiae I4QA T Viburnumn odoratissimumn iW Compositae -lf]i Ageratum conyzoides x AArtemisia vulgaris b§rfi Aster bacchariodes M Cente/la asitica bQ S1k 31 Conyza canadensis ±tP..R4 Elephantopus scaber mffi Erechtites valerianaefolia -M? Gynura crepidioides bEI AA Wedelia chinensis 4iIWWj Wedelia prostrata Xanthium sibiricum 4ROI Primulaceae M M Lysimachiafortunei -tE94 Plantginaceae T- $4J : Plantago major ~~*4 Boraginaceae t&iE TA Ehretia longiflora .9i Solanaceae •'r?tU Solan uin photeinocarpiom 7J(ti Solanum .orviun g Verbenacieae 4 1J Lantana camara l VclM1 Verbena officinalis ifiJ Viter negundo JX4 Labiatae 9 X;- Perillaffrttescens ;r;*4 Araceae Alocasia macrorrhlua 54T4 Cyperaceac lit g MAfariscus urnbellatus iii' lt Cyperus malaccensis 1%A L Fimbrystics sp. ;*14 Gramnineae * I" Barnbbusa brevifolia Ifl?ft Dendrocalamuslatiflorus i6 .kZg Apluda mutica tE:C Axonopus compressus VtJ 1: Chrysopogon aciculatus 5F ! Cynodon dactylon V- Echinochloa crusgalli VIgW- Eleusine indica i)iJiMEi Eragrostisnevinii flf NV- Eremochloa ophiuroides Environmental Impacr appraisetforNorrh-River(Shaog uan-Qingyvuan) Vaterwvay Regulation Project

Imperata cylindrica gFI T-qM* ischaemttm ciliare 5 t A'ficrostegium vagans Ei v f A'iscanthusfloridulus Mliscanthus sinensis ANeyraudia montana ' Panicum psilopodium M i P Panicunm repens M1T* Paspallnconjugatumn T-fpl Paspalum scrobicula,un2 St{ f- g Saccharnm spontaneuim §tJ @ Setaria geniculata S.X Sporobolus elongarus

52-d